Evening Star Newspaper, May 4, 1931, Page 1

“From Press to Home Within the Hour” The Star's carrier system covers every city block and the regular edi- tion is delivered to Washington homeg (U. 8. Weather Bureau Forec Fair, not quite so cool tonight; tomor-~ row increasing cloudiness and warmer; showers tomorrow afternoon or night. ‘Temperatures—Highest, 65, at 4 p.m. :-urz.yr;.hvut‘ 42, at 6 a.m. today. report on page 9. —_— Closing N.Y. Markets, Pages13,14 & 15 Entered as sec: post office, No. 31,779. ‘Washington, ond class matter D, -C. " CHINESE EXPECTED T0 ABOLISH PACTS S PARLEY FAILS Extraterritoriality Negotia- tions With Powers Said to Be Deadlocked. SETTING UP OF FOREIGN ZONES CAUSES FAILURE Britain and America Prepared to Waive Three of Four Points, Is Report. BY REGINALD SWEETLAND. B Cable to The Star. SHANGHAI, China, May 4.—The extraterritoriaiity negotiations between China, America, Great Britain and France have reached a deadlock and will be discontinued, according to re- |Grave-Diggers Aid Frost-Depth Study By Meteorologist Progressively. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. The mean Winter temperature de- creases approximately 1 degree and the mean depth of frost increases approxi- mately 1 inch for each 25 miles north of the Gulf Coast in the Eastern and Central United States. ‘This statement was presented to the American Meteorological Society today | by Dr. O. L. Fassig of the United States | Weather Bureau. It was based on| records secured from 1,300 localities | since 1929, and on past conditions as re- ported by grave-diggers, construction I engineers and cellar excavators. The former, who must keep at their melan- choly business at all seasons, Dr. Fassig said, furnished the most valuable infor- | { mation of frost conditions over long : periods. ! _The frost penctration increases from | (Continued on Page 4, Column 4.) ¢ Foening Star. " WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION ASHINGTON, D. C., MONDAY, MAY 4, 1931—THIRTY-SIX PAGES. #*# LITTLE ENTENTE Secret Session Hopes to Get Co-operation Against Aus- tro-German Union. BREAK-UP OF TRI-PARTITE ALLIANCE IMPROBAELE Solution of Economic Questions Not Expected to Change Eastern European Political Lines. BY JOHN GUNTHER. v Cable to The Star. BUCHAREST, Rumania, May 4.— Secret overtures to Hungary, in the hope of winning Hungarian co-opera- tion in Danublan agricultural schemes. are a part of the program of the little | | Meeorloi (DS CONFERENCE ‘Dr'Me:;:fy ;":uz o';"“m w'W_N G A RY‘ P) Means Assoc d Saturday’s Circulation, Sunday’'s Circulation, as fast as the papers are printed. 114,550 123,911 TWO CENTS. Press. L DeMockaic SPEAKERS:MCD GARDEN IIM' il o> - CANDIDATES UST TAKE FUND BLAVE, * SOENTIT HOLDS Responsibiltiy for Expendi- | tures Should Be Fixed, Nye ‘ Committee Told. ON CORRUPT PRACTICES North Dakota Senator Says New | Legislation on Subject Is Needed. BY G. GOULD LINCOLN. The absolute need of fixing definite responsibility for all political expendi- tures upon the candidate for office or upon his agent was emphasized by Prof. James K. Pollock, professor of political | ~cience at the University of Michigan, {'he first witness today before the Nye | called upon a CUT IN LAND ARMS URGED BY HOOVER ON WORLD C. OF President Tells Session Tax Burdens Hinder Recupera- tion From Depression. LIBERAL TARIFF POLICY FAVORED BY THEUNIS Retiring President of Internation- al Body Hits Business Dis- couragement. Declaring that “large responsibility™ for the world depression lies in causes bred by the war, President Hoover today thering here of business leaders from many countries to insist upon reduction of land armaments—one of the “malign inheritances of the war" —as a prelude of transcendent impor- ports from Nanking. tance to economic recuperation. Such is the situation tonight, and Foreign Minister C. T. Wang expected to issue an important statement in which he is expectd to announce the unilateral abolition of foreign treaties, as he has threatened to do during the more heated moments of the negotia- tions. Points Summarized. The negotiations fell afioul of the fourth of the four points to which the m:mr has been reduced, with Great tain and possibly America also pre- ‘;,:‘red to waive three of the four. They are: 1. The right of foreigners to appeal from Lhee \'e‘rhdict of & Chinese court to rt. % ;?‘;u“:excxz:r of extraterritoriality privileges, first in regard to civil cases and later in criminal cases. 3. Appointment of foreign edvisers to Chinese courts trying foreign cases. Provides Neutral Zone. | The fourth point, which the are unwilling to waive and W] voked today's ywers i deadlock, ides that a 17-mile radius of . Tientsin and Han- from Chinese control, ‘consular jurisdiction to period of years. were deadlocked . Wang's attitude is e: N isrs further. although he ng stand sults. 1o confuse matters ful !eoelu compelled to adopt a strol 1o strengthen the government in the eyes of the delegates essembled at Nanking for the people’s convention, o ek, 101 CHIANG KAI-SHEK IN PERIL. Nationalist Leader Accused of Abusing, Power. SHANGHAIL May 4 (#)—With both its domestic solidarity and foreign rela- tions apparently facing issues "'nvely endangering its existence, China’s Na- tionalist government today was in the most precarious position encountered since the rebellion of the northern war lords last year. A considerable portion of the con- servative elements of the Kuomintang, which controls the Nationalist govern- ment, has accused Chiang Kai-Shek, the party and government leader, of abuse of power. He also is charged with inefficiency in handling the gov-| ernment’s multifarious problems and has been requested to retire. The conservatives, to get their anti- Chiang Kaishek drive under way, caused the Kwangtung and Kwangsi Province leaders, who are principally ~ (Continued on Page 2, Column 7.) NATS AND YANKS TIE AT 270 2 IN THIRD, Gehrig's Triple Deadlocks Score | After Griffs Take Early Umpires—Messre Dinneen BY JOHN B. KELLER. NEW YORK, May 4—Finding Ver- non Gomez for three singles, a pass and = long fly in the opening inning the Nationals took a 2-to-0 lead over the | New York Yankees, but a triple by Gehrig scored Ruth and Reese in the third and tled the score at 2 all. Bluege has a cold in his shoulder and Hayes was sent to third base. Manush is also ailing and Dave Harris took his BTERFGHT SN 7557225 S SNOWDEN ACTS TOPASSLAND TAY 1 | Chancellor Says Resolution| Places Ground in Hands of Community. By the Associated Press. LONDON, May 4.—The opening skir- mish in what is expected to be one of the bitterest political campaigns Eng- land has seen in many years began to- day when Philip Snowden, chancellor of the exchequer, moved his land tax reso- lution in the House of Commons. It authorizes, for the financial year of 1933-34 and for subsequent years, a tax at the rate of one penny a year for each pound sterling of ascertained value of every unit of land in Great Britain. “This resolution,” the chancellor said, “asserts the right of the community to ownership of land and declares private persons must not cnjoy that privilege to the detriment of the common walfare.” Mr. Snowden said his prcposal was The tax will not apply to agricultural land so long as the value of such land is no higher than its ~value for agricultural purposes. When agricultural land has a higher value, the tax will be levied upon the excess above the agricultural value. The unit of valuaticn will be every plece of land in separate occupation at the time the valuation is made. The cost of initial valuation probably wiul run as high as $5,000,000 or more, he said, and revaluations will be made every five N explained that the in- | | 1 years. Mr. Sncwden dividual taxpayer, under his proposal, would be relleved of taxes in any year for which he proves that the total amount payable by him does not exceed 10 shillings—the amount of the land | '1’2{0:“ property with a capital value of | “Votes! Bribery!” The Conserva- | tives shouted, obviously taking the | view that his proposal was a plece of class legislation designed to benefit the poor at the expense cf the well to do. SANDINO’S AID GIVES | TERMS FOR “PEACE” Zepeda Says Nicaraguan Demands | Revision of Canal Treaty. By the Associated Press. | MEXICO CITY, May 4.—Pedro Jose Zepeda, representative of Augustino Sandino, the Nicaraguan insurgent, to- | day outlined the conditions under which | Sandino would lay down his arms. | They are: Immediate withdrawal of American forces; & Lpl:ggem:‘y \l;e Nicaraguan governmen obtain re- | \'\llon“(“)‘f the canal treaty with the United States, and provision for return | to Nicaraguan control of the railways, banks and customs houses. D. C. MEN ESCAPE FIRE J. M. Gayetty and L. B. Liaing Guests at Hotel—Two Hurt. BLOOMSBURG, Pa, May 4 (#).— Two firemen were seriously injured and damage estimated at $75,000 was done |cided there was whether the boundary | line was high or low water mark on the place in left field. 3 The Yankees' home-run twins ex- changed places, Ruth playing first base and Gehrig in right field. FIRST INNING. WASHINGTON — Myer dragged a| hunt by Gomez for a single. Harry Rice also bunted for a single as Lazzerl found o one to throw to after picking | up the ball. Cronin singled to left. scor- | g MAer and sending Harry Rice to third. Harris walked, filling the bases. | West fanncd. Kuhel flied deep to learly today when fire destroyed the | McHenry Hotel and two stores at Ben- ton, 10 miles north of here. For more than two hours the blaze threatened the entire business section. J. M. Gayetty and L. B. Liaing of washington, D. C., were guests at the hotel. They escaped without injury. { today. Czechoslovakia, Rumania and Jugo-| slavia face the severest crisis in the existence of their entente on account of the projected Austro-German cus- toms union. If Hungary should join the union, it would make the specter of a German-dominated mittel-Euyopa | complete. | Prepares Counter Offer. ! The entente at all costs wants to! prevent this so it is preparing a coun-! ter offer to Hungary. This, 1t is said, comprises: | 1. Lowering of Czech agrarian duties; so as to permit importation of Hun- garian_grain. | 2. Co-operative distribution of Hun-| garian with Rumanian and Jugoslav | grain. 3. A mutual system of agrarian credits. It is even said in some circles that the entente will involve Hungary to be a “member,” although this is hardly possible. The Little Entente came into existence, it will be remembered, as a block of states forming an iron ring | directly running around Hungary, and if the ure of events forces the entente now to welcome Hungary in with a large kiss on the brow, it will, | (Continued on Page 2, Column 2.) D. G VIRGINIA LINE HELD AT HIEH TIDE U. S. Supreme Court Upsets Decision in Airport Suit Over Boundary. n- av ‘The United States Supreme Court to- day upheld the contention of the Fed- eral Government that the boundary line between Virginia and the District of | Columbia is at high water mark on the Virginia shore. The ruling reversed the decision of the United States Circuit Court of Appeals in litigation between the Smoot Sand and Gravel Corporation | and the Washington Airport, Inc. f The sand and gravel company was engaged under a Government contract in dredging and filling land along the river front. The airport company sought to restrain the work by filing in the Circuit Court of Arlington County ! an zction to enjoin alleged treaspasses on property which it claims to own be- tween high and low water marks. When the case finally went to the Supreme Court the question to be de- ) Virginia shore. contended the District jurisdicticn stop- ped at low water mark. Because of the Government's interest in having the boundary question settled, counsel for the Government in the solicitor gen- ! eral’s cffice presented the other side of | the case. arguing in favor of the high- water mark boundary. ‘The majority opinion of the court was read by Justice Holmes. Justice McReynolds submitted a dissenting opinicn, D. C. LOSES SPAN-END AREA. ‘The airport company ; | { | Shockey Gaming Case Dismissal Held | Jurisdiction Loss, Action by Justice Wendell P. Stafford | of the District Supreme Court in dis- missing charges of violating the Dis- trict gaming laws against E. C. Shockey, operator of a lunch room, in the five- acre “bridge head” tract at the Vir- ginia end of Key Bridge, probably will destroy the jurisdiction of the District police over this area, it was indicated y. Justice Stafford’s action does not con- stitute a formal opinion and affects only the Shockey case, but is expected 10 serve as a precedent for future cases involving police jurisdiction in the dis- puted tract. _ The justice’s decision s contained in (Continued on Page 2, Column 8.) Gebrig took third after the catch. Hayes fan- ned. Two runs. NEW YORK—Cronin_made a nice stop and threw out Combs. ~Jones tossed out Reese. Ruth singled to cen- ter. Gehrig walked. Lazzeri flied deep | No runs. SECOND INNING. ASHINGTON — Spencer flied to Co:llh-, Jones took a third strike. Myer bunted and was thrown out by Gomez. N o ¥ ORK—Chapman walked. Jones pulle to West. d down Lary's hot bounder and a double play followed, Jones to Cronin to Kuhel. Dickey fanned. No runs. THIRD INNING. - HINGTON—H. Rice beat out a th. Rees; went b}-ltk zg"..c‘; ol Cronin's high one. Harris line: '/Ivmoreol:flm ‘West put up a high one to Lamert O Gomez filed to Harris. J’Efi' &mu. Reese was safe when ’ r % Roth walked, and Ruth. tieing e 0 WAS H. Rice scored and Cronin | Walks Back and Fourth Wi With a sandwich sign bearing the| words “U. S. Government, Give Justice” on the front and back hanging over her shoulders, . Mary A. Connor of Newark, N. J., conducted a single- handed picket for several hours today in front of the White House. No attempt was made to stop the woman as she walked up and down the sidewalk. She attracted very little at- tention and gave no !ndications of wanting to create a disturbancc. She assured police when they questioned her that she had no desire to make & scene or to be disorderly. She added that she merely wanted to advertise the fact that the Government lad not shown her justice and thav she thought this was & good vay to make the fact known, 3 WOMAN PICKETS WHITE HOUSE, CHARGING CONSPIRACY IN RAID| Powerful New Jersey Influences Are Against Her. th Sandwich Sign and Says It was difficult from Mrs. Connor's story of her troubles back in Newark to determine the extent of her grievance, but she said that revenue agents had broken into her home at 94 Bank street, Newark, and had done t damage. She zaid powerful political influences in New Jerscy had been working against her and that the raid on the part of the Government was in the nature of a reprisal at her expense. Mrs. Connor was engaged in her picketing at the time President Hoover whisked through the gate on his way to address the National Chamber of Commerce. 8he was not close by the gate at the time and he did not sec GA RDEN INSPECTION 35 FORKER PLANES | BARREDBYU.S.0N PASSENGER LINES Probe of Rockne Crash Leads to Grounding of All Craft of Same Type. Assistant Secretary Young announced today that the Commerce Department’s | aeronautics division had ordered discon- tinuance in passenger service of all Fokker F-10-AF1 airplanes in use by | four airlines. The order, which affects approximately 35 tri-motor planes, grew out of the in- | vestigation of the accident a month ago in which Knute K. Rockne, Notre Dame foot ball coach, and seven other persons were killed when & wing came off a plane. Young said the plane would not necessarily be kept out of passenger service, but that the order was effective until certain matters of maintenance could be determined. Fokker in City. Anthony Fokker, designer of the planes, is in Washington today for a conference with department officials regarding things that must be done to keep the planes in condition. Assistanl, Secretary Young's state- ment said: “The Department of Commerce has| requested c:ilain air transport opera- | tors, who are now using a particular | serfes of tri-motor Fokker airplanes, to temporarily suspend the use of them for passenger transport purposes until tsuch time as the departnent and ex- perts from the Fokker company may nspect them for present condition ot maintenance. “The series of ships in question were constructed during 1929 and have been in service since that time. Maintenance in Question. “There is no rcflecticn of any kind upon Fokker aircraft or its basic de- sign_and original construction. “The only point involved is the| actual maintenance of the particular | ships. This phase of it will be de(er-; mined as quickly as possible and thej ships ‘restored to full service.” Rear Admiral Willlam A. Moffett, chief of the Bureau of Aeronautics, | Navy Department, denied in a state- | ment that there was any connection | between criticism of Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd contained in a book by Fokker and the fact the Navy re- cently rejected a transport plane manu- factured by the Fokker Airplane Cor- poration of America. No Connection in Incidents. Taking cognizance of a published statement which, he said, inferred the | department was guided in its rejection | by criticism of one of its distinguished officers, Admiral Moflett said: | “There is no connection between the | two incidents. Action on the plane was | taken before we knew about the crit- icism_contained in Mr. Fokker’s bcok. The Navy tests all new types of planes built for it prior to acceptance and we | insist that they measure up to our re- | quirements, especially as to safety. We have returned many planes to manu- facturers for further midification.” The tests of the I'okker tri-motcred transport type were held several months ago at the Naval Air Station, the de- partment sald. The plane was found to be “unstable” in two tests, it added. BUTCHER BOMB TARGET | Threat Made Good by Racketeers, but No One Injured. PHILADELPHIA, May 4 (#).—Racke- teers who had demanded $5,000 from Samuel Guerrara carried out their threat early today by bombing his home and butcher shop in the southern sec- tion of the city. The bomb, tossed from a passing au- tomobile, rocked the house and shat- tered several windows in the vicinity. Guerrara, his wife and two children were thrown from their beds by the blast. No one was injured. Guerrara told police he had received l'j;beu demanding $5,000 for ‘‘protec- n.” WILKINS TRII; BAN NENIED OSLO, Norway, May 4 (#).—Govern- ment officials today denied a newspaper report that the authorities might inter- fere with Sir Hubert Wilkins' projected trip to the North Pole under a regula- tion which gives Norway authority over all Arctic expeditions equipped in her ports. The director of navigation in the. her. Soon afterward she disappeared. ‘ Radio Pr_omm on P;gc C-3 ‘e ministry of commerce saild that the government would take no action which | might prevent Sir Hubert from starting from a Norwegian base, George O. Smith’s Removal Is Sought in Suit by Senate Davis and Groesbeck File Action Against Power Commission Chief. The Senate today sought removal of | Chairman George Otis Smith of the Power Commission through a suit filed in the District of Columbia Supreme Court by its special counsel, John W. Davis and Alexander J. Groesbeck. Counsel petitioned the court to hold that Smith occupled his office illegally. They asked that the chairman be re- quired to show by what warrant h. holds office and that he be ousted if it be adjudged that he has usurped the position. Smith was appointed chairman of the commission in December by Presi- dent Hoover and confirmed by the Sen- ate, but in January the Senate recon- sidered the nomination and declinea to approve the chairman. This second action followed an or- ganization meeting of the commission held by Smith and Commissioners Draper and Garsaud, in which they voted to dismiss Solicitor Charles A. y\unll and Chief Accountant William . King. Senator Walsh, Democrat. Montana, presented the resolution, under authori- zation of which Davis and Groesbeck acted today, after Presiden* Hoover had refused to resubmit Smith's name for consideration and permitted the chair- man to undertake his duties with the col fon. Although the name of District Attor- ney Rover was attached to the Senate’s petition, he had announced this was only a formality and that he would take no part in the case. Former _Senator George Wharton Pepper of Pennsylvania has been chosen by Smith to defend him. BLOODSTAINED CAR FOUND ON STREET Machine Stolen From Dentist | May Have Figured in Mur- der or Mystery Accident. With the finding of a blood-stained roadster at Eighth and R streets this morning, police homicide squad detec- tives were investigating the possibility of a murder or mysterious accident. A mans blood-stained handkerchief was found on the rumble seat. ‘The automobile was spotted by Detec- i tive Sergt. Prank Alligood of the auto: mobile squad. Stolen Last Night. It was reported stolen from Dr. Louis Notes, a dentist with offices in the 600 block of H street northeast. It was stolen at 10:30 last night on Eighth street between E and P. Dr. Notes was questioned briefly at headquarters this morning concerning the circumstances surrounding the dis- appearance of his automobile. The leather cushions in both the rear and front seats were spotted with blood and the khaki canvas top also bore bloodstains. Police today called in Sergt. William Sandberg, fingerprint expert, who pho- tographed an entire handprint located on the right-hand side of the black roadster. Fingerprints Studied. The prints will be taken to police headquarters and compared with prints obtained in recent unsolved crimes. Since the tags had been torn from the | machine its ownership was traced by the serial numbers on the motor. Detectives decided early this after- noon to ask the District chemist, Dr. John D. Read, to make an examination of the blood stains. They hope he will be able to determine how long they had been on the car. The theory that the blood in the car came from some person possibly injured in a nearby county accident was ad- vanced by Capt. H. H. Groves, com- mander of the precinct in which the car was found. THREE DIE IN HURRICANE Sailing Vessel Wrecked When Yucatan Is Swept. MERIDA, Yucatan, May 4 (#).— Three persons are known to have been killed and much property damaged by a hurricane that swept the Yucatan peninsula yesterday. 'lvno?lueuera and a member of the crew of a small sailing vessel perished when the ship foundered during thc _iorm off Celestan. The wind partially wrecked a theater building in the cit of Campeche and the towers of the ca- thedral were badly damaged. R:verjlck y = ASSESSOR'S VIEWS IN DAMAGE CASES Holds District Official C~nnot | . Give Opinion on Con- [ demnation. “In view of the widespread and grow- | ing distrust of expert witnesses in our courts, we cannot view with approval | | the practice of calling & salaried officer | | of the District of Columbia to give opin- ion evidence in & case where the Dis- | trict is a party, and especially where the assessor of taxes testifies to & jury | 1"““ up exclusively of, the payers of | taxes.” This is one of the reasons assigned |today by Justice William Hitz in ren- | dering an opinion of the District Court | lof Appeals setting aside the award of | a condemnation jury valueing land in squares 415 and 439 in Southwest Wash- ington as a site for the new Jefferson High School. Permitted to Testify. The land was owned by Johnson & ‘Wimsatt, Inc. The District had offered Assessor William P. Richards as an ex- pert witness and he had been permitted to testify. In holding that it was an error to receive the testimony of the assessor, the court said it did not mean to inti- | mate any eriticism of the assessor. | “whom we have long recognized as an | industrious and efficient public servant.” Justice Hitz remarked that “it is widely recognized that appraisements of prop- erty by tax assessors for the purpose of taxation are not reliable guides of mar- ket value and consequently not admis- sible in condemnation proceedings.” * Called Tax Umpire. Should the testimony of the assessor agree with the assessments, the court | points out, then the jury is indirectly considering the assessment and m- ing informed in respect to the assess- ment. Should the testimony differ from the assessment the difference cannot be brought out on cross-examination without considering the assessment and without informing the jury in respect | thereto. ~ The duties of the assessor as chair- | man of the Board of Equalization and Review make him, the court suggests, the umpire in any question of disputed assessment between the taxing authori- ties and any taxpayer, and under the law only taxpayers may serve on con- demnation juries. Commenting on the decision, Corpo- ration Counsel Willlam W. Bride sald |it was in accordance with his under- tanding of the law, He said, however, his office had been criticized by Con- gress for not using the assessor in con- demnation cases and about a year a the practice of using him in some cases| was begun. It had not previously been done, as far as he could remember. | KILLS WIFE AND SELF CONSHOHOCKEN, Pa., May 4 (P).— Howard C. Pedrick, cashier of the First | National Bank here, today strangled his :ll'(: tfl death and then shot and killed self. Pedrick's act, police said, followed the | discovery on Saturday that he was about $45,000 short in his accounts. | such legislation was needed. He pointed | (Continued on Page 4, Column 1. | ! and then Assistant United States Attor- Committee on corrupt practices legis- lation. “We have permitted a diffusion of cxpenditure: Prof. Pollock told the committee, “and, therefore, have been unable to enforce adequately the cor- | rupt practices laws.” Prof. Pollock also insisted that there chould be adequate publicity and serutiny of all campaign expenditures, and that the enforcement provisicns of the corrupt practices laws should be made effective. The Michigan professor, who has for many years been a student of corrupt practices laws and their operation, in- ted that these three points must be rne in mind primarily in the drafting of a new Federal corrupt practices act. Says Legislation Needed. At the opening of the session today Senator Nye of North Dakota, chair- man of the Senatorial Campaign Ex- penditures Committee, announced that his committee was beginning hearings on corrupt practices legislation because ! i PITTS IS REFUSED LIBERTY ON WRIT Appeals Court Holds District: Supreme Tribunal Has Con- | spiracy Jurisdiction. | | The District Court of Appeals in an | opinion by Justice D. Lawrence Groner | today sustained the action of Justice Frederick L. Siddons of the District Su- | preme Court in denying the application of G. Bryan Pitts, former chairman of the board of the F. H. Smith Co., to be relecsed from jail on & writ of habeas corpus. Pitts had claimed through At- | torney T. Morris Wampler that the | District Supreme Court could not try | & person charged with conspiracy be- | cause the law provides that it is triable 'in a District Court of the United States. | | has less direct interest than Addressing the opening session of the sixth general congress of the In- ternational Chamber of Commerce, at Constitution Hall, which brought to- gether 1,000 delegates from some two- score countries, Mr. Hoover directed at- tention to the forthcoming meeting of the principal nations to take up the question of land armament reduction and asserted “it is within the power of business men of the world to insist that this problem shall be met with sin- cerity, courage and constructive action.” The fact that the confere: called, he sald, is proof of m’mflmm Despite the Kellogg-Briand pact for renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy, the Chief Executive pointed out that the world expenditure for all arms is now nearly five billions yearly, or 70 per cent more than before the war. There are, he said, nearly 5,500,000 mén actively under arms and 20,000,000 in reserves. Baurden on Reouperation. “This vast armament,” he “‘continues not only a burden m'lm&dc. economic recuperation of the world, but, of even more co; uence, the constant threats and fears which arise from it are a serious contribution to all forms of | instability, whether social, political er Ewyl:_nnilldc." esident Hoover the limitation and reduction of naval IIX‘P;.I and that “further progress” is in sight. “These agreements,” he added, “have contributed greatly to reduce burden of taxes and m’ establish — among the nations 0 Mr. Hoover said that this them.” other great power in land armament eute be- demobilized and reduced more thim AN ol/hg'fl." ‘‘We have, however,” he emphasized, “a vast indirect interest in greater ss. surance of peace, order and the in- creased econ: e o omic prosperity of other Aware of Difficulties. President Hoover said he unaware of the difficulties I.nv:l‘v‘edn:r: disarmament, nor does he look for ac- complishment “over night.” However, he insisted, “endeavor as Wwe must in support of every proposal of international economic co-operation that is just to our respective peoples, yet we must recognize that reduction The appellate court holds that the } District Supreme Court, by that name, | | is the proper tribunal, under the acts of | Congress, for the trial of offenses which | outside the District would be triable in |a district court and that therefore the denial of the habeas corpus and the | dismissal of the writ was in all respects correct. Justice Groner points out that “it by no means follows that because Co gress has seen fit, by virtue of its a thority over the District of Columbia, to confer upon the courts of the Dis. trict administrative functions whi outside the District it may not confer upon courts created solely under Ar- ticle 3, these courts are any the less created under that article of the Con- stitution, nor do we know anything ‘n the history of these courts or in the legislation with relation to them which would indicate the contrary. “We think a reasonable and correct view of the subject would indicate that in the creation and organization of the superior courts of the District of Co- lumbia Congress has availed of its dual constitutional right in the first place to establish courts of law and invest them, | as it has, with power and jurisdiction | over all cases and controversies which ; under the authority of article 3 it has invested the district courts of the United States, and, in the second place, rln the exercise of the power of a sover- eign State, under the provisions of sec- | tion 8 of article 1, has further imposed | upon them jurisdiction and power which it cannot impose upon like courts func- tioning outside the District.” The case was argued for the Govern- ment in the Court of Appeals by As- sistant Attorney General Nugent Dodds, United States Attorney Leo A. Rover ney Neil Burkinshaw. Actions Showed no Atta | | “Any person who violates the pro- | visions of the prohibition act violates | the principles of the Constitution of the United States and cannot be held to be attached to the principles of the Constitution. Nor can it be said that such a person possesses good moral character.” Justice Josiah A. Van Orsdel so held today when he rendered an opinion of the District Court of Appeals revers- ing the action of the District Supreme Court which had dismissed an appli- cation by United States Attorney A. Rover to set aside the naturaliza- tion of Robert de Francis, whHo had b:en granted citizenship September 6, 27. At the hearing of De Francis’ appli- cation for citizenship it was stated that ! he had been arrested several times on | charges of liquor law violations, but | when the court asked if there had been ~ny eonvictions he was answered in the negative and the certificate of citizen- ship was granted. | ed the certificate through IDRY LAW VIOLATION HELD BAR TO CAPITAL MAN’S CITIZENSHIP| |Court Rules His Denial of Conviction and Previous| chment to Constitution. bekah S. Greathouse, alleging that for a period of five years prior to the filing of the petition the applicant wrs not a person of good moral character nor attached to the Constitution cf the United States, and set out a number of liquor convictions against De Francis, the latest being January 7, 1927, all prior to the hearing and granting of the citizenship. “We think there is no question,” said Justice Van Orsdel, “as to the suffi- clency of the grounds set forth in the application, if established, to justify the cancellation of appellee’s certificate. At the naturalization hearing, the judg:. asked the question whether-there was proof of conviction of the sale of in- toxicating liquors. Appellee was the only one present who knew that he ‘had been convicted and he stood mute. This, we think, under the eircum- stances, where appellee was the peti- tioner seeking the rights of citizenship. amounted to ths practicing of a fraud upon the court.* ‘ of this gigantic waste of competi military establishments is, h'lpelheo:ltli’: mate, of an importance transcendent over all other forms of economic effort.” The large audience arose and ap- plauded as President Hoover entered and was introduced by Silas H. Strawn of Chicago, chairman of the American Committee of the International Cha :',c.l; 'Hll":gaecfi.nhrle(llnd concise, also reeted with applai cont d‘;‘;mn' pplause at its he President remained at the con- gress only long envug to deliver l&s address. Mrs. Hoover, however, who, with Mrs. Herbert Hoover, jr., had pre- ceded the President to the gathering, remained an interested spectator in & box at the side of the auditorium, which she occupied with friends. Attorney General Mitchell and Sec- retary of Interior Wilbur also were present. Sharing the opening session with Mr. Hoover was Georges Theunis, retiring president of the chamber, who formerly e plren;ler of Belgium. = eviewing world business conditions. M. Theunis hit high world tariff as one of the contributing causes of depres- sion, called for a more liberal policy, and added that the feeling of business discouragement must be thrown off to bring abqut bettered conditions. For Liberal Customs Policy. M. Theunis told the delegates thst a “liberal customs policy might be ex- pected to lead to better business condi- tions.” “But,” he added, “the present depres- sion itself has the effect of increasing the protectionists’ temper of the vari- ous_states. “In company with many other busi- ness men, I am convinced that govern- ment _interference is most often useless and harmful, since it interferes with |the free play of economic laws. These, {In the long run, always assert them- selves, and the success which has at- ! tended certain instances of government (Continued on Page 2, Column 5.) |24 LIE DOWN AS BANK BANDITS GET $10,000 | Assistant United States Attorney Re-|15 Depositors and Nine Employes Overpowered by Memphis Trio. By the Associated Press. MEMPHIS, Tenn., May 4.—Three bandits held up a branch of the Union Planters’ Naticnal Bank & Trust Co. in the downtown shopping district here today, subdued bank employes and a group of depositors and escaped with cash and negctiable securities esti- mated at $10,000 or more. ‘The bandits, heavily armed. forced the manager and 8 other employes and 15 depositors to lie on the fioor while they ransacked the vault. E. D. Martin, a cashier’s assistant, was slow in ccmplying with the robbers order and was struck over the head. The bandits fled in an automobile. squad of police and detectives reached th> bank just after the bandits drove ' "