Evening Star Newspaper, October 23, 1930, Page 8

1 L ¢ ¥ T A-8 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY....October 28, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening ‘S“If NW’" Company hd Pennsvivania Ave. Ceke Michisan Bulldjis. 14 Regent St. London, Ensiand. Rate by Carrier Within the City. ing Star.... . .45¢ per month and Bunday Star ndays) . . .60¢ per month and_Su Ar (when § thundass) . 85 per month & er col T feetion made o 1 e mentn, 545 oz be sent in by mall or telepbons 5000, Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, 1yr., $10.00: 1 $6.00 1 mo. yrl, §5.00: 1mo., Ménber of the Associated Press. Assoclated Press is exclusively entitled $o the use for nrubnuuon of all news éis- E es credited to it or not otherwise cred- special s0c this paper and also the local news herein. 'All rights of publication of Datches herein are also rerervi The Treaty Navy. The General Board of the Navy has Dow completed the program for build- ing the fleet which the United States is suthorized to construct and maintain under the terms of the London treaty of limitation. Extending over a period of more than five years, between now and 1936, the program comprehends to- tal expenditure of something between $650,000,000 and $1,000,000,000. At such @ cost, provided Congress approves, the United States can achieve parity with the now strongest naval power—viz., Great Britain. Most of this cost will be devoted to Teplacement of obsolete craft and con- struction of modern 10,000-ton eruisers, . earrying 8-inch guns. In up-to-date de- particularly, the American fleet , stroyers, 4 woefully deficient. Congress has not authorized a destroyer since 1916, and Done actually has been built since 1920. In the 6-inch cruiser class, 73,000 tons ©of new construction are called for. The London pact allocates to the United States 52,700 tons of submarines, some * 25,000 tons of which need to be built. In the much-discussed 10,000-ton eruiser class, to be mounted with 8-inch guns, the American fleet, on a parity basis with the British Navy, is entitled * $0 180,000 tons. Of that total, only 140,- 000 tons are already built or building. Four more of these big cruisers must be constructed, but only one may be built at once. The treaty requires that home citles. It is comparatively easy to meet amid famillar surroundings. Members of the veteran associations can keep in rather constant touch with each other. But the First Division, a part of the Regular Army, lacks such a bond of home. Both its original members and the replacements were drawn from all sections of the country. The veterans have no sectional sentiment to cement the links of memory which bind them together. For such a division, as well as for the other Regular Aemy units, Washington is the mother city. Here they are building up their sentimental associations, Here stands the beauti- ful memorial of the First to its dead. The attachment of the members to the National Capital may be expected to grow closer as reunion follows reunion and the incidents of the war become ¢ [ more and more refined in memory as the men grow older. Already, in fact, the men of the First are growing older. Many of them are close to middle age. There will be gray heads in the gatherings here dur- ing the next few days which were black on the battleflelds. During twelve years the war has slipped a long way into the past. There 15 no occasion to recount the exploits of the division. Its citations alone constitute a colorful page of American history. It served as a back- bone of the A. E. F. from first to last. No other American division has a more thrilling record. No other group of veterans have more to recall of the stirring days of 1917 and 1918 out of the humdrum workaday world into wMich they have passed. The First Division seems inclined to adopt Washington as its mother city. ‘Washington is glad to accept the honor. ————————— Federal Work Here. The Federal Government, by speeding up work on various local building proj- ects already under way, can do much to alleviate whatever unemployment distress exists in Washington. Lieut. Col. U. S. Grant, 3d, director of the National Capital Park and Plan- ning Commission, plans to submit this suggestion to the President’s unemploy- ment conference this week. It will be feasible, he holds, to expend an appro- priation of approximately $1,500,000 immediately on the Arlington Memorial Bridge and in the development of Rock Creek and Potomac Parkway. The greater part of this money would be expended in payrolls. Col. Grant’s idea is in line with Presi- dent Hoover’s suggestion to the country at large. Expenditure on public works in times of depression is a sound way for the Government to help. It-eannot our three remaining 10,000-tonners shall | pe expected to wipe out unemployment mot be put on the stocks until 1933, | gltogether, but it may constitute a po- 1934 and 1935, respectively, for comple- | teng force toward stabilization of local tion in 1936, 1937 and 1938. This Was| pyginess, Such a movement is cumula- & concession msde at London to the e Japanese. In aircraft carriers the United States | S8 assigned, under the parity agreement, @ total of 135,000 tons. The Navy Board program contains provision for 55,200 tons of additional carrier stremgth, ‘which, with units already afloat or pro- wided for, will give us our treaty aggre- gate in this most modern and indis- pensable type of war craft. ‘The Navy Board program presumably will be laid before the President by the @ecretary of the Navy with recom- mendations for its submission to and approval by Congress. The friends of adequate American preparedness at sea bhave no reason to doubt that Mr. Hoover will urge Congress to authorize and appropriate for the London Treaty Prof. Lumsden has at his home, in Battery Park, a notable collection of erchids, ranging from seedlings to one plant forty-two years old. Here he is earrying on experimentations based on his early training in England and his work at Cornell University. Prof. Lumsden is thus one of those good citizens for any community to possess, who knows what he loves and s true to his ideals. Work with flowers is not all blossoms; often it has its thorny side. The orchid is a peculiarly djfficult plant to raise, and presents many prob- lems, both to the experienced cultiva- tor and to the amateur. The orchid has the lure which most things have which are thoroughly expensive, but it | constitutes, in addition, a peculiarly interesting family of plants, of world- wide distribution. Orchids range from delicate things pansies to huge MUly-like of exquisite workmanship, caus- | ing the beholder to quote, involuntarily, the words of the poet about another growing thing, “Only God can make a tree.” Man, however, can work with the Creator in the cultivation and develop- ment of new forms. The rose, the ‘peony, the gladiolus, the irls, to name | but four, have seen many essentially different varieties arise through man- made experiments. Among these experimenters the name of Prof. Lumsden must be placed, and flower lovers of the National Capital rejoice that his work has been recog- | nized by such a graceful tribute as the | cup of the American Orchid Society. ————ate—. A typical week in rural Maryland; continued dryness for six days and on' Sundsy, day of rest, some nice, brisk | forest fires. . The First Division. The First Division begins its twelfth annual reunion in Washington today. No organization deserves a more whole- hearted welcome to the National Cap- ital. Most of the A. E. F. divisions ‘were essentially sectional, each draw- , | here is debatable. Mechanics at work on public projects have money to spead for both necessities and luxuries, the making and handling of which provide jobs for others. It may be that only a lttle thing is needed to turn the tide. ‘The Government, of course, would get full value for its money. The work is to be done. The money is to be appro- priated and spent. Why wait until a return of national prosperity, when there are plenty of jobs and satisfactory labor is hard to secure? ‘Washington, of course, is not a key point in the ‘unemployment situation. Probably distress has touched this city more lightly than any other community of comparable size in the country. The stable Federal payroll prevents any very serious upset in the business situa- tion. Just how many are out of jobs Nevertheless, the de- pression is felt. Jobless men frequently are encountered on the streets and the rellef agencles have been carrying & much heavier burden than usual. Any- thing that can be done will be welcome. ‘Washington has the work to be done and, just now, plenty of men who need the work. It would be rather ironic to delay doing it until nobody really needs to do it. After all, depressions are not due to lack of work, but to inequable distribution of work in time—due to mysterious economic laws. Anything done to smooth the curve is a notable contribution toward a solution of the ‘whole problem. uSME————.-- Metropolitan actors and actresses, *“temporarily at liberty,” have been touring the sticks under assumed names for as little as thirty-five dollars per week instead of a former $700, and glad to do it. In addition to maintain- ing the necessary supply of calories, this experiment has had another pleasing effect; many received just as much hearty applause for really good work as if they had been extensively “bally-hooed” under their real titles. It proved a sort of thespian “blind- fold test.” [ The Boy and His Dog. “Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends,” declared the youngest and longest lived of the evangelists. A touching instance of this climax of af- foction is reported from Washington State, where a ten-year-old lad stepped protectingly and deliberately between his dog and the muzzle of a gun. The result was not the laying down of a life, for only a shoulder wound re- sulted, but the fact remains that this small boy faced, for anything he knew to the contrary, grim death itself in order to save his “friend”—for if the dog is known the wide world over as the friend of man, he is doubly so the friend of the small boy who holds his ownership and his entire devotion. It was an older boy, actuated by a spirit of mean bravado, who pulled the trigger of the potentially lethal weapon, but he does not enter the inspiring picture ex- cept incidentally. The combination of small, restless and affectionate boy and of adoring dog is ages old and approaches perfection as closely as anything we have on this earth. Many a pet, pure-bred or mon- grel, has hurled himself unhesitatingly into fatql fray in order to protect his small master, and under many a small sized, none too clean, gingham shirt or chequered jumper exists & reciprocally chivalrous spirit as fine as anything | Galahad ever experienced. A boy is & | wonderful thing; a good dog scarcely | 1ess 50, and the combination of the two has virtues and advantages scarcely to ing the great majority of its person- nel from a few States. Now thay have division homes—such as Boston for the 26th, New York for the 27th, St. Louis for the 89th, etc. The ity of the Vv Who returned from somewhere in the vicinity of be comprehended unless by those who once were boys and who once owned dogs. The participants in such a partner- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. O, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1930 THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. tures rich and sometimes racy; they share actual guilt and untrue suspicion thereof with a sublime serenity. The dog shares his master's sandwich with as great & nonchalance as he con- tributes fleas to the small human per- son. In spite of strict family prohibi- tion, they often share the same bed. To the immortal category of Damon and Pythias, David and Jonathan and Roland and Oliver, let there be added Any Boy and His Dog. The one great disadvantage in the scheme of things is that the boy becomes a man while the dog becomes but a beloved memory. Perhaps providence so decrees it lest the ultimate parting wrench become unbearable. In Uncle Sam’s Service. ‘To serve Uncle Sam faithfully, intel- ligently, efficiently should be glory for any American citizen. To deserve and receive promotion for work well done in the public service should bring gratifi- cation and exaltation, not only to have merited advancement, but to realize that the eye of fellow man has been upon you and found you deserving, has pronounced, “Well done, thou good and | Pangs faithful servant!” Such feelings must surge in the breasts of many Government employes who through long years of faithful, de- voted, specialized service have won suc- Autumn, ambling into town, comes as an old acquaintance, not as a stranger. A Summer with drought was some- what new; most of us had never seen anything like it before. But Autumn, with Jowered tempera- tures, sharp winds, turning trees, the smell of burning leaves, is as old as ourselves. Perhaps the first memory of most of us is of a keen Fall day, when we ran and played and kicked in the brown and golden leaves. Sharp is the recollection of the red leaves found in childhood days—red leaves which stand out like an illumi- nated page in !'ner'nm;yl‘ ‘book. Autumn! Victor Herbert sang your praises in one kzt the best of his smaller orchestral ‘works. The poet Bryant (also the newspa- per man) sang you in verse. The short story writer Poe, in one of his lyrical moments, between his of suffering, wrote a mediocre thing to which he attached the word “melancholy” as descriptive of the sea- son. Since his day the temper of humanity has grown more optimistic, more in- clined to look upon the rosy side of life. ‘We no longer, as a people, luxuriate in cessive advancements to positions of | sadne: greater trust, responsibility and oppor- tunity for larger service to fellow man. Just now there is a particular pro- mction that illustrates how a young man who goes to work for Uncle Sam, if he be ambitious, if he puts his heart into his duties, if he finds gratification in doing something to better the lot of his fellow beings, will win advancement and eventually be selected for some out~ standing important work that brings him with commendation into public recognition. John H. Bethune, & native of vote- less, disenfranchised Washington, after graduating from the public schools, vol- unteered in the Spanish-American War, and then for 28 successive years has served Uncle Sam in many important positions with both the legislative and executive branches of the Government. Now Mr. Bethune has been chosen to be the first resident representative of the Tariff Commission in Europe, with headquarters in Brussels, who will act as an ambasador of business good will in straightening out tangles and mis- understandings regarding tariff matters. ‘The Nation's Capital may well feel proud of this native son. ——————— “O that mine enemy would write a book,” is a biblical saying the wisdom of which has come down through the ages. However, Gen. John J. Pershing, who has just written one, has no enemies, so far as is known. And even if he had, those who know him best declare that he is not the sort to deliver himself into any one’s hands. ———r e A strange and hitherto-unheard-of native tribe is said to have been dis- covered living in the mountain fast- nesses of Mexico, where they have re- mained entirely secluded for four centuries. Little do they realize the good things they have missed, from Cortez on down through Villa. B m— A “boulevard of fame” to be lined with sculptured likenesses of screen stars is planned for Los Angeles. Even 1if Chaplin’s: feet and Ben Turpin's diverging eyes are truthfully represent- ed, it will not be & bit worse than that avenue in Berlin which flaunts past Hohenzollerns, ——————— ‘That new Norwegian elkhound puppy to be added to the canine congress of nations occupying the White House kennels ought to bring out a particularly heavy Scandinavian vote. Danes, do your stuff! SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNESON, The Candidate’s Query. If you want a reformation in the way that things are done; If you'd like to have the people all as smiling as the sun; It you think that what you're taxed for should be cheaper—maybe free; If you've any kind of grievance, say! Why don’t you vote for me? If you want & world of roses and of laughter and of song— A world in which there’s nothing that is ever going wrong— There isn't any reason for your minds to disagree; The question of the moment is: “Why don’t you vote for me?” His Contribution. “Why don't you contribute some- thing to the cause of reform?” “Well,” answered Senator Sorghum, “it has been said that I have already done as much as most men to make reform necessary.” Dangerous Knowledge. “I suppose you think your husband knows more than any other man alive,” sald the woman who sneers. “Yes,” answered young Mrs, Tor- kins, “he does. But I do wish it wasn't about race horses.” Not Afrald. They tell how frenzies seize the financier And with much scorn discuss his actions queer. Could I amass so glittering a pile, I'd willingly get foolish for a while! A Gentle Reminder. “Some of his ancestors were highly distinguished,” sald the impressionable heiress. “Yes,” answered Miss Cayenne. “But owing to circumstances over which you have no control, it is not one of his ancestors whom you have the nppor- tunity to marry.” Inartistic. “What did you think of those voices at the opera?” ¥ “There were good strong voices,” an- swered Mr. Cumrox, “but considering what we paid for seats, I couldn’t help thinkin’ that we folks in the audi- ence ought to be doin’ the hollerin".” ©On Exhibition. A horse show’s what they call it. Observant people know ‘That in reality it is A human being show. s, So Autumn, 1930's Autumn, does not strike most of us as melancholy, but rather as peppy, as filled with zip, zest and vigor. * K xR No doubt our better heated homes and other buildings have a great deal to do with this change of a state of mind. Surely there must have been some- thing melancholy about Autumn to a man who, like Edgar Allan Poe, found it necessary to use biankets to keep warm during the daytime.. He who leaves a cozy, warm home today, in the suburbs, and journeys in a heated car to an office building which is more often too hot than otherwise, | intel is in a better frame of mind, as it were, to appreciate the sharp beauties of the typical Autumn. A man who is warm clear through is better able to praise freezing, and frost, and snow, and ice, and sleet, and even irds. * K kX Imagine those old-fashioned homes, ‘where rooms with fireplaces were called “heat rooms.” Ice formed readily on the panes. Home-lovers toasted their feet and faces while their backs remained per- manently cold. Chairs had wings to them, in order to_keep off side drafts. ‘There was no lolling around the house hh;p shlremskevu in \‘ahou g:yl, those ¥, nocent and perhaps more healthful days. ERE Autumn now means a change from a light suit to a slightly heavier one, and the substitution of a light topcoat for the old-time heavy overcoat. This, of course, for the thousands of office workers. Men who work outside, on buildings, on trucks, as letter car- riers, delivery men of all types—these necessarily wear heavy underwear, fa- vor leather windproof vests, like large ‘woolly overcoats. Autumn probably will offer no such violent contrast with Summer as in the average season, when rains fall Highlights on the Wide World rganiza- allegal see the Go engaged in limit- appraised by still FEasoais h.m his ral editorial ncdlnyprnlpe:fiotm tiga Go in 4 the campaign, handles the e Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands. A PRENSA, Buenos Aires—The executives of the Club de Pesca- dores (fishing club), in a color- ful ceremony, first pile of their new edifice at the [in corner of Avenues Norte and Sarmiento. ‘These two thoroughfares intersect at the beach, and the handsome clubhouse to be built out over the water, will afford an ideal site for the fishermen from the gallerles of the structure itself. The new club of the fishers will be equipped with every modern con- venience, as well as with every charm of elegance and comfort. A part of the roof will be covered with awnings, after the manner of a Spanish courtyard, and from that vantage point, as well as from a lofty tower in which is en- sconced a light, to gulde the return of nocturnal boating parties, an extensive vista of the coast and estuary will be obtainable. The plans of the build- ing predict that it will have plenty of Toom, be of the latest and best con- struction, and furnished with all the Juxury and recreational instaliments now expected to be found in a club of this sort. *x k% Escapes With Only a Few Scratches. The Evening Times, Glasgow.— Policeman—Did you lose your head? Lady driver—No, I think I've escaped with a few scratches. EEEE Urge Abolition of Tax To Beautify Cemetery Route. Tt Chargs ot 10" pesos (49" tm cent charge pesos ($5) ime by the municipality for each ly transported to the General Pantheon or any of the &l:vm cemeteries is adding greatly to ex- pense of bereaved families. ‘The authorities claim that the money thus obtained is used in maintaining, in worthy and impressively beautiful | in condition, the avenues leading to these sanctuaries of the dead, but few who attend the interments are in the mood to enjoy these beauties of nature, On the contrary, this increase in the cost of a funeral has led, at least in sev- eral instances, to clandestine burials. particularly of children, an alternative which, if persisted in, will be partic- ularly prejudicial to the public wel- fare. We urge the abolition of this surtax upon people already afflicted, t & similar charge be rescinded in the cases of the heroes of 47 (United States-Mexican War), ‘whose are removed from these cemeteries to the General Pantheon. * ¥ % ¥ Man Just Beginning To Harness Natural Energies. Cologne Gazette—The World Power Conference in Berlin has turned from the discussion of the present state and development of power utilitles and natural e to consideration of the future sources of mechanical force, in the event that such latent energies as coal and available hydraulic power Shpaciiy. Few people realize that even caj . Few people at even it all t{u yet a] tly inexhaustible supplies of coal, for instance, were used ur, there would still remain sources of infinite power which have scarcely been touched. All feasible water- power from running streams, for in- stance, is far from being utilized, and even if it were, there is still the power ‘obtainable from the incalculable poten- s of the waves, and the tides Men are just beginning, the con- ference has pointed out, to harness the energies of the sun and the wind. Not only power but heat and light can be procured from exploitation and con- servation of these eternal springs of vitality and movement. So, too, the warm_ currents of the sea can be em- loyed in the service of mankind. and other supplies of caloric | the , many of them still tial existence. Even the friction of a indistinguishable to the eye, can utilized by sclence to produce the power, warmth and light now obtained throu the consumption of coal, electricity and oi'l. R o ‘The high cos! consumer natural N“E Ve | very least that can be and thunderstorms bring fear to umldl,‘thh So far Autumn is as as Summer, and colder, of course, which in itself makes for dryness. This is the season for chapped hands, popularly regarded as a feminine failing, but a state of hands observed on male persons quite as often. Now little girls’ knees chap readily. Mother should see to it that they receive an application of some healing lotion, which will supply the ofl which the dry cold evaporates. * ok kX Hardy young men who have adopted the hatless vogue begin to look very smug these days, as they see the oldsters Who may have taken up the fad for the Summer retreat behind hats at the first nipping wind. ‘The old boys are right, though. : Too many Winters have gone over their hatted heads for them to dare the winds of the season. Theirs is not young blood. Their hearts may be young and willing, but their tissues are not so ready to accept cold without protest. ‘There has been a great deal of plain gnk wrm:nu:ibout ;he resistance whlc]r; e may build up by exposing himsel to cold water, cold afr. | ” Many people freeze' their livers (a fact) in the name of hygiene, or a mis- taken notion that they are ‘“young|gy bloods” in truth as well as in fancy. Thousands of persons heroically sleep with wind blowing over them when they would be & great deal more com- g ey would use moderation in"this as in other matters. * K k% Autumn is a particularly good season for reading, both the plain and fancy varieties. What is more delightful than to open the front door, after facing a brisk wind for several miles, and take & comfortable seat with a good book? ‘The outdoor air has toned up the mind as well as the skin, and mdde the lligence respond as well as the blood. One may see that we have nothing against the use of fresh air in proper quantities. It is pleasant, inside, to” watch the wind blowing along the street, whirling urflnle-vumrthadmwehm blowing dust in eyes. ‘The mental attitude of the watcher is that of the man on the in Lucretius, who found it somewhat pleas- ant to watch a sailor tugging at the oars, not that he, the man on the shore, wished him, the sallor, me’. observer, was not subj ted to such * ok ok X One may view life as from an ob- servatory better in Autumn than at any other time of the year. He has just left the delights of Sum- mer, he is not yet sunk into the leth- argy of Winter, he dream ing winds, pumpkin ples, cold milk, roller skates, foot ball games—these and a hundred other matters and things put the con- templative man into & fine mood for O it scasin he do season oes not about the “lure of the great ouwm,'m espe- cially if he has got beyond the collegiat: or foot ball age. hl‘ieflnd-zslmoimmmmdm charming, intriguing, interestin He has Autumn at its best. o ponderable and invisible, are of producing the same inconvenience and expense. Already there is a marked falling off the consumption of coal, and fluld fuels now substituted for it will soon be superseded by other agencles simpler and more efficlent, requiring llet:xls “:r no mechanism, and leaving no capable without *x s Modern Distract Sehoo Chilaren, El Nuevo Diarlo, .- examinations, always a terror for the juvenile element, seem to have be- With the muitiple” dsttactions Waies mi e in this era mv o not the time and interest they do today. But examinations seem inevitable despite these conditions, and many students, at the end of the school {:‘-r,eomebfim.rmuvnhno owledge of what they have been e tisy do ok o et 3 en they do not accom) (pass) the tests, is augmented by the grief of the parents, who desire their offspring to do well in . These conditions, taken together in several recent in- stances, have led school boys and girls to attempt desperate things. One boy in Cologne, Germany, rather than face his father after his failure, ran away and hid upon a desolate is- d in the Rhine,*and tried to live like Robinson Crusoe. other, in England, attending the school at Har- row, tried to hang himself. A 14-year- old girl in Vienna tried to suffocate herself with gas, and numerous others our own and foreign lands have left their paternal roofs and are trying to maintain lves. themsel So intense has become this universal fear of the “finals” that many schools of all grades are considering doing away with them entirely, and instead mark the student for success or failure on the average of their daily recitations. It is with many children to fall, but wi ve all their time to sports the: n no alternative. Power From Sea Water Explained by Science From the New York World. Sofar as the dispatches indicate, this power machine that has been set up by Prof. Georges Claude at Matanzas, Cuba, with its gigantic pipe for bring- ing up cold water from the bottom of the sea, does not involve any principles unknown to science. It was shown long will give off s below its ordinary boiling point, and also that cold water will condense the steam and restore the vacuum. So that when Prof. Claude takes advantage of this and uses warm water from the sur- face to produce the steam and cold water from the bottom to condense it again, he is not exactly an innovator. ‘The main question, then, is whether his invention commercially and on this one would like to expert opinion, formed observation on the spof the dispatches, the apparatus generated enough power to light forty 500-watt bulbs, but whether this power was in excess of the power needed pump cold wat up from the bottom is not stated, afd it is a very vital point. ‘To the layman the whole device looks like a second cousin to a perpetual-mo- tion machine, and therefore not very ; but this objection was ralsed the steamboat and pel absurdity; yet they propel selves, and at & pretty lively clip. said for Prof. Claude is that he has tackled a project that men have often speculated about, and brought it to a it where its possibilities can itely determined. It may prove as impractical o S oux oitlen. , but that he, | ten The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. ‘The contest for Senator in Delaware year b into opposition two rty wheel horses, men who have been regular, who have taken the jobs as- signed to them and who have striven always for their party. The Republican nominee, Senator Hastings, has never before been a candidate for an elec- tive office, however, while his Demo- cratic opponent, former Senator Bayard, has been a candidate on the Democratic ticket at so many elections that it would be difficult to enumerate them. Hastings has been appointed to many offices and Bayard has been elected to few. Hastings' first job was that of deputy ~attorney general. Later he aspired to be attorney general, but the organization turned him down. He remained regular, however, and T. Cole- man du_ Pont an interest in his career. He served later as secretary of State, Supreme Court judge and judge of the Municipal Court, which is much more of a job in Delaware than in some of the other States. Finally when Coleman du Pont, because of ill health, was unable to continue in the Senate, he retired and Hastings was appointed. It was a reward for faithful service to the G. O. P., & step-up for du Pont’s first leutenant. * ok k¥ ‘The background of the two senatorial candidates differs considerably. Bayard came of a family long prominent in politics and the social and public life e State. Bayards have sat in the Senhte, in the cabinet and held other high office. Senator ‘was_born in Maryland, but he moved to Dela- ware 20 years later, studied law and was admitted to_the bar, & hard-work- ing youngster. In a measure it is the aristocrat against sel{-made man, The Democrats ih Delaware are doing their best now to drum up trade among the colored voters—variously estimated at somewhere between 17,000 and 25,000. They are seeking to make use of ator Hastings’ vote in the Senate to confirm the nomination of Judge John J. Parker of North Carolina to be as- sociate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States Judge Parker’s nomination was attacked by the Asso- clation for the Advancement of Colored People on the ground that he had de- clared Negroes should have no part in politics in North Carolina. But the Democrats face a serious difficulty in winning over the colored voters. When the Democratic primary was held not has as a party ‘That kind of unwrit- matter of fact been a law among the Democrats foree It is not a matter which lorg time. the Democrats can lightly brush aside. And the Negro vote in Delaware is one of considerable importance in a State which casts at most, as it did in 1928, 104,000 votes. The Republicans start with a considerable advantage in any election there if they can count on the colored voters. *x e % The New York World, most Demo- cratic of Democratic newspapers, is not content with the way Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt has met the charge of corrup- tion in the appointment of Tammany jl:%u. Editorially this newspaper has “We see on the one hand a concert- ed effort by the Tammany o tion to thwart investigation into the tions of systematic purchase of judicial office, and on the otherm Wi ® vernor ing the investigation. “The has some e awalt with the utmost v. Roosevelt's account to the ple of New York City as to how moral respon- sibility as leader of his party.” ‘The same declared that Gov. to run. interest ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘This is a special department devoted solely to the handling of queries. This peper puts at your disposal the serv- ices of an extensive organization in ‘Washington to serve you in any ca- pacity that relates to information. This service is free. Failure to make use of it deprives you of the benefits to which you are entitled. Your obligation is only 2 cents in coin or stamps inclosed with your inquiry for direct reply. Ad- dress” The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, ‘Washington, D. C. Q. How much money is invested in golf clubs in the United States?—A. J. A. While formal figures are not ob- tainable, the following estimates have been given: Investment, club houses and property, $2,000,000,000; yearly ex- penditures, club members, $840,000,000; balls, yearly cost, $20,000,000; clubs, yearly cost, $11,000,000. Q. How many miles & day was the average travel with horses and car- riages in old times?—S. D. A. It is related that Julius Caesar traveled from Rome to the Rhone River in his four-wheeled chariot in about eight days, making 77 miles & day. He covered the same distance in & light two-wheeled carriage making an aver- age of 97 miles a day. Q the Harding Memorial —M. K. A. It is said that this $800,000 me- morial at Marion, Ohlo, is among the finest of its kind in the world. It is a circular building 102 feet in diameter and 57 feet high, set in a 10-acre land- scaped park. There is no roof, but 24 great Doric columns, each containing 53 tons of marble, mark the outer circum- ference. Twenty-two fluted Ionic col- umns constitute an inner circle, where- in rest the bodles of President and Mrs, Harding. Q. How many marches have been written by John Philip Sousa?—W. M. A. The number is 140, including 5§ this year. Q. What sort of preparation did Wil- liam J Bryan's daughter Ruth have for a political career?—L. K. A. The Woman's Journal says that Mrs. Owen had & youth of close con- tact with American politics; years of travel and living in foreign countries with her British Army officer husband, Reginald Owen; years of war service as a nurse in Palestine and an entertainer singing for the boys in camp at Port Said; years in this country building up a national reputation as a Chau- tauqua speaker—these were the ele- ments of her preparation for the statesman’s toga. zqé How big do oyter shells grow?— A.'Some of them are 10 inches in length. Q. What is the customary attire seen at the opera in Russia? Is it well pere formed?—L. B. A. Most of the men go coatless, wear no collars. Many of the attend dressed as they were at during the day. Few of the latter stockings. In the cities opera ‘magnificently produ : 18, h did the Liberty Bell crackte- A. Independence Hall says that question as to what caused the bell crack is purely & metallurgical one. - As with many people, a disorder might be called hereditary, dating from birth, so the defects in the Liberty Bell ate dated from the day of its casting. Metal castings are subject to strains due to natural shrinkage while eooling. The original crack was probably due fo cooling strains. Q. Why is it believed that the earth 115‘ _;ll(shuy flattened at the poles? — A. The substantiation of the theory of the shape of the world with the flat ness of the poles is highly technical. Sir Isaac Newton deduced from the mechanical consideration of the figure of equilibrium of a mass of rotating fluid that the form of the earth an obllteflsphe:?\d. ‘The permanently settled by the La) ex. pedition sent out by the Academy o Sciences, Paris, in 1735, under the auspices of Maupertuis and Clairaut. ‘The flattening of the pole has also been proved by actual experiments in degrees a{fl latitude by observations of the pen- um. Q. How does the camera work which gives depth to a picture?—F. J. W. A. The invention was ected by George K. Spoor after 14 years' experie mentation. He uses a camera with two lenses, both of which record impres- sions on the film through a l?nm aperture, and new methods for devel- oping, projecting and recording sound are features of the process. The double- exposure camera places its identical ime pressions on the film in red” film is run through the proj chine at a speed at which the pictures merge. Q. How are Presidents chosen for plo- tures on postage stamps?—C. B. H. there is no rule regulating the use of Presidents’ on stamps, except that it does not use traits of Presidents who are 1f 3 many cases influential individs a memorial . association of stamps the portrait is accepted. Q. Where is the la: lake within Canada?—E. T‘:“" Wnd ‘Mackensle A. Great Bear Lake, in the g L . Wl wit territory. Its “hn’:b imately 12,000 square miles. Country Watches Struggle Of Bolters ‘As the country at the battle for ‘the ip friends, Philadelphia. declares that Pinchot n hostile to the regulars, support ‘The latter has always in while he is credited with the h | of progressives in the State. There is Boosevei with the Re) 1po] and Tammany a New York campaign ,tlhu::bet;:! years. tt. is not a situation when the Republican party of New York and its candidate for Governor have pretty well taken the prohibition issue out of the clmplllfl.' * k¥ % Even if Gov. Roosevelt weathers the storm in this campaign and is re-elected Governor of New York, these cl now made against linking name with Tammany and its protec- are likely to be raised against him in 1932, when, it Roosevelt would be a contender for the Democratic presidential nomination. * K kX John J. Raskob, the Democratic na- tional chairman, once a Republican, then & wet and finally a Democrat and & wet, may have some further explain- m‘wdnwhupmnmmbors-v.he dry wing in the South, for example. Raskob has been one of the chief angels of the Association Ag: - bition Amendment, having contributed heavily to that organization. This asso- clation is now supporting Judge Albert J. Galen, the wet Republican candidate for the Senate, against the dry Demo- cratic candidate, Senator Thomas J. Walsh., It looks very much as though Raskob funds might used on both sides of this senatorial contest, for Raskob is a generous contributor, 3 to the Democratic national organiza- tion. Former Secretary of the Navy Josephus Danlels, publisher of Raleigh News and Observer, not so long ago demanded that Raskob retire from the chairmanship of the Democratic National Committee for the very reason that Mr. Raskob might be found fight- ing Democratic candidates for Congress through his connection with the Ass ciation Against the Prohibition Amend. Mr. Daniels now has a case in * k% ok Traveling about the country, all kinds of rumors are encountered regarding the imminence of the return of beer containing more than one-half of 1 per cent of alcohol. Some of the re- ports, or rather rumors, are the Federal Government has been an investigation to ascertain just what the brewerles could do in the way of putting out, say, 2.75 per cent beer on rather short notice and how many men they could give work to in these times of unemployment. When the truth of such reports is doubted, the purveyors of the rumor insist they have reason to belleve that the Government actually is looking forward to & return of beer of a greater alcoholic content than has been allowed under the Vol- stead act. ‘The proponents of beer, however, are counting their chickens considerably before they are hatched. Even if all the wet candidates for the Senate and to | House should win in the coming election —and they will not—the preponderance of drys in the next Congress would still be so great that any pi g back beer would have not the ghost of a chance. Furthermore, when the Con- gress is asked to “nullify” the eight- eenth amendment to the Constitution there is going to be around the country. Victories of a considerable number of wet candidates at the polls this year ite_certain. These a terrific roar ere, and everywhere for some kind of modi- fication of the present dry laws remains to be seen. ‘The drys are accustomed to sit back an u{.nw eighteenth amendment can ever from the Constitu- %W?Mm“ma in a | Pinchot.” clared to At throug] tison, Democrat, to orship.” Lin has been believed, | been stressing issue paign. ving ichot. ‘Thostility, ainst the Prohi i t oy “The votes be too,| _As to f the l hi o dryn r’ their own hether the that making i that : licaf tters, Natio ponent roposal to brin pol t the victories Set - | prohibitio there of bition en some mcuhmm as to the ity of el g & Democratic , but it is pointed out that some leading Democrats have deserted John Hemp- tic numlzxn.ee, and are sup- hill, Democraf fiwfiu Pinchot. It that he succeeds he will & potential candidate for President. It is described by the Baltimore Sun (independent itic) as “a crazy campaign,” and “apparently unj .” The Sun suspects that is less Pinchot as a dry than Pinchot as ‘The Providence Journal (in- dependent) refers to the State as “one of the great and significant battleflelds of 1930,” and says that “the uprising Plnchothl: the most threatening ar to be ‘seriously endangered’” and that “much of the opposition is be- has not cause he is a dry, although he this in the cam] LY Belle' that “Pin ‘has ing to force the State and been try- adelphia ,” the Louis- (independent) machines into open ville Courier-Journal adds that “he could have had ngl ot.hl:r ly _he E::pue"‘ and that to under- w they would und mine his organization from within, and he preferred to place them in the atti- to his stand- both parties. tude of bolters, and ral ard the independents ‘The Haverhill Gazette (independent) offers the view: voters must decide between dealing a blow at prohibition and & blow for political reformation. It is not a simple choice and it is un- fortunate that Pinchot's dryness makes it necessary.” * K kX Pinchot’s support, the Erle Dispatch-Herald (Republican) declares that “the leaders of the Pennsylvania Grange are found by the side of Gifford Pinchot in his fight to keep control of the State government with its plethoric treasuryout of the hands of the rapacious Vare Philadelphia machine.” The Terre Haute Star (independent Republican) comments: “It is the ess of Pinchot which the Philadelphia machine makes its excuse for abandoning the reserva- tion. Pinchot says the real issue, how- ever, is not that of wet or dry, but of whether’ the public utility overlords shall have or le shall be served by ir interests. In any ef vernor, W] & man loyal to case, it is & most interesting situation, and, taken with other omens, seems point to troublous times ahead for the Republican party.” “The bo]tgl.t is not wholly one-sided,” remarks the New Orleans Times-Picayune (independent Democratic) “for Pitts. burgh dispatches report that three for- mer Democratic candidates for Governor have announced their support of Pin- cratic voters with them.” News (Democratic) say, “To com- plicate ma there is Vance McCor- mick, once chairman of the Democratic atlonal Committee, supporting the Republican candidate against the Republican National Committeeman Atterbury.” Mr. McCormick's paper, the Harris- burg Patriot (independent Democratic) makes a very spirited attack on the o] ts of Pinchot in the statemen! “It s a hunger to control the govern. ment of the State, the appointments to the Public Service Commission, the ap- intments to the courts, the interpre. tations of tax laws, the manipulation of issue | Re] Against Pinchot getting a square Pinchot’s “marvelous aptitudé‘in de- veloping antagonistic forces against any movement he champions” is asserted by the Columbus Ohio State Journal (in- dependent Republican), and that paper continues: “The Democratic te belleve Pinchot would bécome an active candidate for President if he should win Would b ot of the presidentil eommid ul o1 enAfl pfifizfi'”m agree ) ol revolt now in progress is of hmht mensions,” concludes the Seattle the | Times (independent Republican), the explanation: “On the surface principal issue is prohibition. . chot is an ardent dry, while his Demo- cratic opponent, John Hemphill, favors repeal of the eighteenth amendment, the The Springfield Massachusetts Union (Republican) avers that “there will be many Republicans who feel that both their party and their State will be far Lb(Clt:etr ofll Withteflnchot eliminated, even nvolves a temporary experience with a Democratic Governor, who, in this case, has elements of responsibility that Pinchot lacks and apparently scorns.” The Scranton Times (Democratic) states that “predictions are widespread and alarm growing that the Pinchot bark will never reach port.” The Rock Island Pijchot Wil find the going very hard c] n going very " a thought which is voiced also by the Savannah Morning News (Democratic), while the Cincinnatl Times-Star (. pllb]icln)b;)flm melv‘“flz'.; “Pinchot i opposed powerful pol 1 organiza-’ Iy b cause 8S al wet_voters because he is a dry, by Re- publicans generally as s marplot who is a Republican only when he is after something, and by that eon- siderable body of citizens who regard him as politically a very bad actor.” “For the first time in 40 years the election of & Democrat to the governor- ship becomes exceedingly likely, or af 10 | Jeast possible,” in the judgment of the Roanoke World-News (independent Dem- ocratic), while the St. Louls Post-Dis- gnh:h (independent) suggests: “As the ighest party officer in the State, Gen. Atterbury was in duty bound to work for the election of the party’s ticket, cer- tainly for the election of his party’s can- didate for Governor. Had he retained his office and secretly conspired against Mr. Pinchot the accusation of treachery would be in order. As it is, Gen. Atter- bury’s deportment seems to us entirely raiseworthy. He hes refused to smother convictions for the sake of party regularity.” In an attack on the methods of Mr. Pinchot, the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (Republican) volces the charge: “In Mr. Pinchot’s 1930 platform, we find the following paragraph—‘To _prevent political on the State police, the disposition of legis- | 2, lative bills on the desk of the Governor that is involved. They are against Pin- chot because he will not let them State government. Every one as unalterably favorable to national n. ‘They may or may not be ht regarding the unalterableness of sentiment in these States. But they overlook the fact that if the rest of the States, with a large preponder- strength in the House d ), not &mwmpw by R ance Senate, undertake to wipe the enforcement laws off the and | it ite a run |8 of this the Nation should port Mr. Pinchot in a national .” The Rockford Morning (Republican) however, sees no hope his success in 1932. The