Evening Star Newspaper, October 14, 1930, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR wuWlih Sundsy Movuing Edition. WASBSHINGTON, D. C. . TUESDAY......October 14, 1930 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company lIt‘ 8t. llllén %‘;‘f:-‘nl- Ave. A Rl an ce: 14 Re:rnl 8t.. London, England. Rate by Carrler Within the City. P . th S iy duar o **7 o™ indays) i 'eoa per month .65¢ per month .. .bc per cop: of each month be sent in by mall or telephone in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. EEP and_ Sunday. e 10 iz o I ay only Ay 1mo.. 85¢ 1 mo.. 80c 1 mo., 40c All Other States and Canada. 7 and Sundsy F’h lfi.sg;im.. nz.g inday only 7. 4800, 1 mer Member of the Associated Press. S0 AR et tion ol eIl hews. diae Bublished Heratoe ANl Fighis of pub num'.? special dispatches herein are 1180 reserve e — Death of the Borland Law. It is doubtful if any specific piece of legislation affecting the taxpayers of the District of Columbia has ever been #0 heartily or consistently condemned during the sixteen years of its existence a8 the so-called Borland street-paving amendment of 1914, which the United States Supreme Court practically nulli- fled yesterday, in so far as further ac- tual application is concerned, when it refused to review the findings of the lower courts, which decided against the municipality in two important suits against constitutionality of the law. ‘The verdict of the courts, therefore, ‘will be & popular one. The law was as evil in its grossly discriminatory and unjust provisions as it was indicative of a selfish desire on the part of Con- gress to escape the just responsibility and burdens assumed at the outset by the Federal Government in the de- velopment of the American Oapital. ‘The pity is that the millions assessed from citizens in the years that the act has been enforced are not recoverable. Even if the taxpayers who have paid their assessments in the last three years—the statute of limitations ap- plying this far back—now protest and seek to recover, the maximum amount returned will be about $1,800,000. ‘The Borland act was unjust and dis- set apart as streets more than half the total area of the city, 3,606 acres out of a total of 6,111, a greater per cen- tage of street surface than any city in the world. The plan of the city was calculated for the magnificent Capital of a great Nation, but, as the Senate District Committee said in its report of 1835, was “oppressive from its very dimensions and arrangements to the City free guide service is appreciated by the visitors. Capitol Building, the main point of terest for visitors, they are herded into groups and held up for the fee. During thé past few years the guide force in the Capitol has been enlarged to such an extent that leading membe's of Congress have declared that “it seems like a free-for-all for get-rich pickings from our constituents.” 1t 1s now proposed to have Congress furnish visitors with a free guide se: vice by uniformed guides who will not be permitted to tell the visitors anything that comes into their mind and to make “wise cracks” about prcminent persons or members of either House or Senate who may happen along, but who will be carefully drilled to give an instructive, educative talk on the his- tory of the Capitol and to point out the principal points of interest with | authoritative information. Besides abolishing the fee, abolishing' the “wise cracking” and abolishing other undignified practices, the inten- tion is to make the people of the country more welcome in their Capitol, to fur- nish them accurate information and to drive out any taint of commercialism. In addition to giving the Capitol Building a& more dignified and im- pressive setting, Congress will make a first and most important step toward greater dignity within the historic bullding which visualizes the self- governing power of the American people by driving out the money changers just within the main front door. ———————— Speeding Up Indictments. ‘The new practice of bringing prison- ers charged with felony directly into the grand jury room after arraignment in Police Court should prove a desirable method of eliminating some of the dif- ficultles facing Government prosecutors. These are the difficulties that arise from loss of witnesses, difficulty in rounding up the witnesses and the fact that memory suffers concerning important details after a long period of delay. With the witnesses in hand and the crime fresh in the minds of those con- cerned, the matter of presenting the case satisfactorily to the grand jury should be easier. The reform seems worthwhile. The plan is not to be confused, how- ever, with a step that would hasten the trial of prisoners, once they have been indicted. That is another matter en- tirely. A quick indictment merely puts another case on the court décket. In the District SBupreme Court, there are now some 400 cases on eriminal docket. The judges in the criminal division have been increased from two to three. The addition should hasten the disposal of criminal cases by a third, but any important trial, such as the pending proceedings in connection with indictment of F. H. Smith Co. officials, will throw the legal mzchinery behind again. It is desirable that men accused of a felony be saved the delay between thelr arrest, arraignment and presenta- tion of the case before the grand jury. No man should be forced to spend any time behind the bars until his case has been heard by the grand jury and t! inhabitants, if its execution to any con- extent is to be thrown upon No people who anticipated the and subsequent support of it of their gwn funds would ever have of forming such & plan.” But shirking its original hard-driven the paving and re- t system so gen- OCgngress foisted part of the nd law many individuals have been recognized X t the same time the nciple underlying the law its obviously discrim- validation of the TRonl land law is another matter. Under its provisions the Dis- trict has been collecting about $600,000 & year. The loss of the revenue is not 8s important as the possible, handicap that court action will thrust in the municipality. The point was made by counsel for the District that “so much property that has been assessed for highway paving will be exempted from Sssessments under this ruling that it would be inequitable ,to require other and less numerable properties to bear the burden of these assessments.” ‘The municipality should perforce re- gard the Borland law as a closed issue, in so0 far as its further application is concerned. The Comimissioners have been trying to get it off the books for the last decade. The opportunity now is golden. Substitute legislation must be proposed and considered by the next Congress. It should remfove the spe- cific inequalities and injustices found in the old law; it should recognizs the Federal obligation in the carrying out of Washington's great street plan. —————— ‘There is & strong reminder of Pleld's “Little Boy Blue” in the discovery and exhibition of the tiny toy soldiers given by Napoleon to the little son and heir | who is best known by the nickname “L'Atglon.” He had hoped to influence | the mind of the boy toward military | element of doubt as to his innocence Jjustifies his incarceration until trial. But after the indictment of the ac- cused, the period he spends in jail or free 'on bond should be cut to the mini- mum, and the minimum should be measured by the time required by the labor together one year ago and thus contributing in great degree to an avoidance of those conflicts which so often in the past have complicated our periods of depression and delayed our industrial recovery.” Then Mr. Mor- row eulogized the President's “dignity and wisdom” in the conduct of Amer- ica’s foreign affairs and, speaking with special knowledge, Mr. Hoover's “in- itiative and driving force” in connection with the London Naval Conference. The Newark speech is not the utter- ance of a political Brutus, come to bury Onesar. It was exclusively a mes- sage of praise. It will enhance Dwight Morrow’s reputation as a politiclan and a statesman. After all, he is only fifty- seven years old. The White House will still be here in 1936, if the Republican party, in its sagacity, decides to turn to New Jersey and the United States Sen- ate for presidential timber six ycars hence. ——— According to the anti-dry organiza- tion called the “Crusaders,” 934 speak- easies have replaced 326 pre-prohibi- tion bar rooms. Such figures, however, are always open to doubt. For one thing Washington is a bigger city now; for another, there is no knowing how many of the 934 alleged wet spots were in operation at any given time. It all may not be as bad as it sounds, but few will deny it sounds pretty bad. ——— The claim is made by an American correspondent in France that the future of the world is in Germany's hands. She seemed to think she had it once before, but tripped over a rug or some- thing and allowed it to slip. Further- more, some go so far as to claim that the future of the world is in the hands of a Higher Power even than Germany. . PO S Coste and Bellonte start back for that La Belle France with 73,000 good Amer- fcan dollars for their transatlantic ef- fort. If they ever contemplate changing the name of their ship, Argo, Jason's vessel that went out for and returned with the celebrated Golden Fleece, ‘would not be bad. —————— Calls handled by London telephone girls are “put through” on an average of six and three-tenths seconds, it is claimed. It is a curious th'ng that no American tourist by any chance ever happens to .get one of the girls who helps maintain this remarkable average. e ——— A good many hundred thousand achool children ean see little or nothing in the current bimillennial celebration of the birth of the poet Vergil. Today he is just & chore to them, but some of the things they are getting out of him will last them all their lives. ————— oo EHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Hopeful. We're feelin’ kind o’ happy 'cause we've got another chance To start this old world proper. been leadin’ such a dance That it made us downright dizzy to observe its pirouettes. We had to grit our teeth to keep from showin’ our regrets. But the banners is a-fiyin' an’ the | drums begin to sound An’' we feel a heap more cheerful when It's prosecutor and defense counsel to per- fect their cases and appear in court. The theoretically perfect arrangement would be found when the courts were waiting for the trial of the accused. As it is now, the accused must wait until the courts are ready to give him his day. The wait for the day in- volves months, even years. —_————— “The latest transatlantic fiyers, in re- sponse to & suggestion they fly back to Australia, are said to have replied, “That has been overdone. About the only thing left for us to do is to fly the Atlantic westward, upside down, without a motor.” They might try keeping quiet. Mr. Morrow’s Future. Anybody who has crossed the country in recent times cannot have escaped the | conviction that Dwight W. Morrow has impressed his personality upon the pop- ular imagination to a remarkable degree, | Some people attribute that phenomznon to the New Jersey statesman's choice of a son-in-law. Others explain it on the basis of Mr. dorial exploits in Mexico. Probably the best diagnosis of his sudden national | renown is his bold stand for repeal of the eighteenth amendment. The boom | in Morrow stock dates from the hour, five months ago, when he nafled wet colors to his mast as 1 candidate for the United States Senate from New Jersey. Whatever the cause, “Morrow for President” on the Republican .ticket is @ slogan which has achieved amazing currency. Naturally it echoes the more enthusiastically from lips that are parched and which are clamoring here, there and everywhere for obliteration or modification of the cxisting liquor laws. Perfervid Morrowites, anxious for anti- prohibition action with a minimum, of delay, have conjured with his name for 1932, Premising the wishes which are father to their thirsty thought, they have jumped to the conclusion that Herbert Hoover is destined to be a “one- | term President,” and anointed Dwight Morrow as his candidatorial successor two years hence, matters, but falled completely. That #0 many fathers fail similarly with their boys is one of the wise provisions of Nature, for if a parent has too much of any quality or preference the off- spring is apt to react negatively to a marked degree. ———r—— The Capitol Guides. In the incoming session of Cong:ess an effort will be made, as it should, to abolish in the Capitol Bullding the system of fee-charging guides and to replace it with a paid guide service, so that visitors from any part of the country will be shown about the Capitol Bullding free of charge. ‘The fee guide system in the Capitol, instead of a free guide service, has long been criticized and severely censured by prominent members of Congress as well as by the steady flow of tou ists. It has been declared “a shamg” on the Government to allcw visitors to be & toll before b-irg shown about In other buildings on Last night at Newark, from the same | platform whence he stirred wet emo- { tions in May, Mr. Morrow seized prompt | occasion to scotch his premature presi- | dential boom. “I look forward with, | Pleasure and confidence,” he sald, “to | | the opportunity of voting two years from now for the renomination and re- | election of Herbert Hoover.” That will , not be interpreted, of course, by super- Morrowites as meening that the former Ambassador has definitely and posi- tively withdrawn his hat from the 1932 ring-—where it has never formally been. | But the friends of both President Hoover and Mr. Moircw are entitled to feel that the latter has at least done his part to clear the G. O. P, track for 1932 and leave it, es is traditionally done Morrow's ambassa- |- election day comes ‘round. There’s jes’ & little while each year in which we kind depend | On feelin' that our troubles is ere long : to have an end. We've got a lot o' candidates all standin’ up in line An' each an’ every one prepared to treat us voters fine. It'’s like a glimpse o' paradise, this state of joy profound Us citizens drift into when day comes ‘round. The Irresponsive Mike. “Are you going to speak over the radio in your campaign?” “I don't know,” answered Senator Sorghum. “I'm used to being in per- sonal touch with my audiences. Iwish they'd invent a microphone that knew when it was time to laugh or applaud.” Jud Tunkins says it's the business of Congress to pass laws, but a few Con- gressmen fail t; see the necessity of setting distinguished examples of obedi- ence. election Unsafety First. A traffic cop has much to do. He bids us halt or hurry; The reckless motorist breaks through And murmurs, “He should worry!” Immunity. “Your boy Josh is a fine banjo player.” “I'm glad of it,” answered Farmer Corntossel. “S80 long as he keeps playin’ the banjo he can't mix up in none o' them foolish dances.” “Love of money,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “makes many a man the melanchely victim of unre- quited affection.” Having the Stuff Analyzed. ‘The pleasures once deemed trivial Now puzzie the biologist. ‘The citizen convivial Employs a toxicologist. “A man dat says he's goin' huntin’,” sald Uncle Eben, “don't expect much game. What he means to say is jes' dat he’s ginter quit work an’' go walkin'.” L Autos Replace: War. Prom the San Jose Mercury Herald. The auto Is doing so well in keeping the human race thinned out that it looks as though another war might not be necessary. AEEEAAT In Days of Old. From the New Castle News. How far away and long ago it seems since *he test of a faithful husband was his .. delity in watering the rubber plant while the rest of the family was away. - ———————— Happy Days Are Here Again. Prom the Asheville Times. One thing less to worry about: The Schwassmann-Wachmann comet has 'undfl our politico-presidential system, to the incumbent, provided the latter | aspires to perpetuate himself. Nor is Mr. Morrow at all minded to exploit to immediate advantage the ' economic _djgrcssion through which the Un'ted Sta¥, in common with the rest of the Capital of the world, is passing. s o missed the earth by 5,000,000 miles and gone on its way. Home Owners Must Worry. Prom the Eimirs Star-Gasette. ' Another home lem with & hause that's too and not old enough what to do ‘modern- be an an- THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Is music the most democratic thing in the world? He walked along a block’ containing homes ranging in value from $8,000 to $50,000, and he heard same cheap jazz coming from each one. Tum, tum, tum, tum—it was the steady, fundamental beat of the fox-trot rhythm, good when it is delivering a melody of some genuine inventive worth, cheap only when it hammers out a poor musical pattern. ‘This was a poor pattern, utterly lack- ing in any musical value. And the sad fact, from a musical standpoint, was that those who lived in the expensive house listened to it evi- dently with the same pleasure as those who lived in the cheap house. It was not a matter of houses or their costs, then, but solely a thing of musical taste—or indifference. ~ This is one of the questionable traits which the radio has brought into being. Too many listeners forego the joys of selection for the ease of taking anything and everything that is offered. A plece of dance music is good, but there are many mediocre ones, and o one who knows the difference should be content for a minute, let alone for hours at a time, to listen to the welter of whang-doodle drool which drips from the brazen throats of instruments manhandled by lusty young fellows who are enjoying themselves at the expense of divine muuc‘, i Yet the democracy of music remains one of its finest features. It is a univer- sal language which knows no boundaries, in any direction, especially in the things of the spirit, including appreciation. Appreciation is & power which ordi- narily does not include the ability to go and do likewise. There is nothing more common, however, than for & man who loves poetry to imagine that he can write it, too, or for a man interested in statecraft to believe that he knows all about politics. Those who never get closer to & base ball than the bleachers or grandstand always know how the plays should be made, and why yonder participant is a duffer. Appreciation is a an art in itself. Many men who could not write a novel to save their lives nevertheless appreci- | they ate every fine line, every good point in the master works of fiction. e same applies to every other art form. The danger ocmes only when one confuses appreciation with ability in creation. reation, either with words, music, concrete, nations, is a_distinct branch of human activity. The masters are born, the mediocre and clumsy are made, or, rather, attempt to make themselves. Creation is invention in music. The great music masters have been born with a gift, especially for melody. Even the cheapest thi they do has a note or two in which the discriminating will hear genlus, The late Victor Herbert, for instance, although his gift was of a lighter sort, had a special flair for endings. Those familiar with this man’s work came to recognize a Herbert melody through the last two b-rs, there usuaily was some- thing so intriguing about them, so filled with a certain elfin, yet sweet spirit. * % ko ‘The democracy of music, while it ad- mits the universality of the mediocre for mediocre tastes, also permits the love of the best to all, irrespective of money, training or ability to go and do Hkewise. This is seen in some of the European courtries, perhaps,. better than in our own America. The love for good music is Iorn!th!n.}l 'hltl‘h knows no baundlri;! except those im) y good _taste. Even their violation, as exemplified in the same poor music coming from all the houses down a block, shows a demo- cratic spirit, based possibly on indiffer- ence, rather than on choice. There is nothing snobbish about a love for the really good in music, al- though some may speak of the “high- brow” in music. That is simply igno- rance—a not knowing that good music is just as easy to like as cheap music, if ‘one prefers it. The preference is essential. How one gets the true liking for the good, or what the discriminating of every age call good, is a mystery. If educators knew hoWw to solve It, they would shout with joy. Children may be “exposed” to the best in literature for many years without once catching & g‘:s:m of the purple and gold of the In music it is the same. Here is a child who has been reared in a home of culture, who has heard the best operas, the finest orchestras, yet who gets genuine enjoyment only from a wild um-pah brand of music properly named as jazy. Here, on the other hand, is a poor boy who never heard the Philadelphia Orchestra, yet who naturally takes to symphony] “chamber music, the best operas, because something in them ap- peals’ to wmeth‘ng in him. He may sit in the highest gallery, but his ‘enjoyment of the music, his real love for it, puts him on a par, in a musical sens>, with the well dressed man in the box below, who would be glad, in his turn, to admit the other to musical brotherhood. * % K % It will seem to some that the demo- cratic brotherhood of music is more complete, because more simple, than the fellowship of kindred minds in good literature, painting, ‘statuary, archi- tecture. This arises, one may feel, because music, while the most vocal of arts, is also the most mute. In itself it ex- resses nothing. The expression is done in the heart and mind of the hearer. o m music,” so called, is mostly bluff, an attempt to put into words what belongs in notes. It will do no good for the program to tell me that the opening notes represent the rise of the sun in the desert. I see no palms waving. The opening notes are what are—music, and one hears music. If he sees pictures, too, that is his own business, and no one on the outside can tell him in advance what he will see, if anything, becauge he does not know himself, Music is glorious because it is word- less. Every one knows that the words of a song do not matter. It is the music which counts. Mendelssohn knew better than his critics when he wrote his “Songs Without Words.” Since his day words have been written to some of them, and titles given to all of them, but still the music remains wordless. 1t is precisely because a note is not a word—not even a letter, but a sound, a certain vibration—that it strikes every ear differently, impinging on the spirit, soul, intelligence, whatever one chooses to call it, with a peculiar effect. ‘This unique effect, different for every hearer, is utterly different from the separate effect which a good book may have on every reader. The book has plot, construction, fsually one or more plain aims, ressed ‘in words whose definitions are known. ‘There are no definitions for musical notes and their expression, musical sounds. They mean, not what the composer tried to make them mean, but what they mean to you, the hearer. We do not believe that a composer ever tried to make notes “mean” anything, any more than the Lord put any “mean- ing” in a beautiful flower. A perfect plece of music is a gem, to be loved in silence—silence, even while the music flows. If there is any one who does not understand that, he has never heard music, but only listened to it. Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands E SOIR, Brussels—The Luxem- bourgeois (Luxemburgers) have been coming to Belgium in ll-l"! numbers to visit the ex- position at Antwerp and also the one at Liege. How great an incon- venience is suffered by these people, then, when .n chlnl’lnselheir Luxem- burg banknotes into Belgian money they must submit to a discount of from 10 to 20 per cent. We live, as do the citizens of the grand duchy, a simple, thrifty life, and are, in reality, of the same economic community. The Lux- emburg franc is worth, nominally, the same as the Belgian franc, and the logic of fair dealing demands that coins and notes of Luxemburg be accepted everywhere in Belgium, at face value, Jjust the same as Belgian money is ac- cepted at par in Luxemburg. If, for reasons impossible to under- stand, or to justify, certain Belgian merchants refuse the legal tender of the grand duchy, or ucug: its coin and bills only at a discount, it is time that the public were educated on this point. It is most regrettable that such a dis- crimination exists, and it s high time that the government instruct all rail- road and post office cashiers and agents to deal with our economic allies upon an equitable and reci) 1 basis. There should also be established at the expositions offices where Luxemburg money can be changed to Belgian money without any stock jobbing opera- tions whatever. * k% x U. 8. Cited in Discussion On Capital Punishment Bill. ‘The Daily Mall, evidence before the select committee which is considering the capital pun- ishment bill, Lord Buckmaster declared that the arguments used recently in favor of capital punishment as a de- terrent were used, and for a long time were successful, in the early part of the nineteenth century, when capital pun- ishment was & common punishment for civil offenses. “There ere a few calculated, cold- blooded murders,” said Lord Buck- , “but the bulk of murders ll; We belleve, however, that there is always a risk of forgetting the victim in sympathy for the convicted murder- er. It is not humanity but sentimen- talism to lament the lot of the crim- inal and to ignore the fate of those whom he has done to death. And we are afraid that human experience does not justify Lord Buckmaster’s hope that social opinion may be strong enough to prevent murder. This is certainly not what has happened in the United States. In that country, socially ad- vanced as it is, the death penalty, for all practical purposes, has been abol- ished, and can always be eluded if the criminal has cash and powerful friends, But social opinion has not put down murder. On the contrary, the United States stands first in its ratio of mur- ders to population. 7 A 2 ] Fewer Candidates For Ministry in England. ‘The Evening Post, Wellington.—Every year sees fewer candidates in Britain for ordination as clergymen of the Church of England. rate of de- crease between 1921 and 1928 was 600 a year. ‘The Evening Post, Wellis n.—Re- cently when Palmerston North fire brigade was called to suppress a fire it found that a car had been parked over lug, and make 8 a fire the firemen were obliged hurried removal of gear to the next nearest plug. This caused delay and the subsequent ap- pearance of the offending car owner in the court Since then a sharp lookout has been kept for cars parked over fire plugs, with the result that several other car Gwners were be(mhmm e cently. M. Abraham, who a| lor one of the defendants, contended that me were _invited park over plugs by the borough who London. — Giving | had drawn white lines on the road, in between which cars were supposed to park. In several instances the fire plugs were in between these lines. . Whitehouse contended, however, that the lines were drawn to show the angle at which the cars were to park, not where. Another defendant, J. A. Grant, pointed out that there Were so many fire plugs in Rangitikei street that if they were cut ‘out there would be no parking area left. * * Workmen Find Mystery Styles for Women. The Bulletin, Sydney. — A suburban store recently found itself in possession of a large second-hand stock, most of it years out of fashion. Carrying out renovations, workmen started to de- molish a cavity wall that acted as a partition /in the staffs’ retiring room. Where tht cavity should have been was packed with odds and ends of flap- pers’ raiment, pushed well down out of sight. The lower the wall dropped the older the styles, until the workmen were unearthing mysteries that girls now- adays only read about. They were all discards, of course; and it was just as obvious that the discarders had aban- doned them for selections from the goods they were supposed to be selling. x K % % Chile Sees Movies As Education Medium. El Mercurio, Santiago.—The Univer- sity of Chile has placed the seal of its approval ) what is known as the “educational film.” It has found after careful mquierd experiment that the screen many adapted, to the instruc- tion of children, even of kindergarten age, in a way that does away with the impediments of book and blackboard methods, and that it is a means of imparting knowledge that is actually enjoyed by the younger generations, ‘The text book, in this epoch, is too arid an adjunct. Children remember and understand what they see in animated pictures. It requires eons for them to assimilate the same information from pedagogues or the printed page. The University of Chile is of the opin- jon that not only history, art, natural science and physics can be inculcated by the screen, but that even arithmetic, geometry, rhetoric and orthography are ing the long catalogue of subjects which may be taught by means of these ani- mated pictures. How much more, for instance, will children know of the men and women of ancient Greece and Rome, when they see them moving and acting upon the screen, than they possibly derive from descriptions of these persons in a his- tory book? The y, the Aeneid, the Trojan War, the assassination of Julius Caesar, and the campaigns of Hannibal and Scipic Africanus become vivid, veritable events, never to be for- gotten nor misconceived when children * * | behold them in all authenticity of cos- tume, action and environment. How much deeper an impression they receive of Ulysses, Hector, Cicero and Cleopatra | t when they see these personages in living pantomime? S S, Naggers Nag Naggers. From the Florence Alabama Herald, Ninety special deputies were sworn in to keep Chicagoans from betting on the races. Which shows the solicitude | Po4Y of the Windy City for its feebleminded, Roping Up Trouble. Prom the Omaha World-Herald. ‘The speculators who br! cial crises—Mussolini wouls them, but with a rope. oo o No Moonshine, No. Romance. From the Haverhill Evening Clazette. Sclentists say the moon is getting hr homu:u nnh‘ why present romantic than some on finan- “suspend” NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM L. G. M. MOVING FORWARD. Henry Ford: In collaboration with Samuel Crowther. Doubleday, Doran & Co. Henry Ford’s system of economics is shop l‘;lylde. Its trial and justification the business of the open road. By way of this system—though Mr. Ford would, not be likely to formalize his industrial program by the use of so Stiiff a term—but by way of it a dis- tinct departure is made away from the sclence projected by academicians as pure logic rounded to a body of eco- nomic theory. Yet in foundation and superficial seiz- ure the two do not sum dissimilarly, Production, transportation, distribution i—these the basis of both. The instru- ment of each is work allied to its nat- ural complement, money. Industry and finance (finance itself in essence an industry) joining hands in a full com- petency toward the progress of the world. The entire social structure is rooted within such union. Upon it every measure of community life de- pends. Enterprise, education, politics the agent of government, religion the active hand of well-doing in every direction. Mr. Ford is & doer. The professional economist is a scholar, devoted to the irrefutable logic of his subject, bent upon fitting the human element to rig- idly drawn reasons and deductions. Here the two part company. Here, besides, the common man has a chance to come upon & body of opinions and convictions about enterprise and industry that has been. drawn straight from personal experience Iitself d from a wide outlool n the worki world in its frequently wise and frequently unwise efforts toward “‘mov- ing forward.” Startling things in this book. you don't befieve them. Why not? Chiefly, I think, because they are new. New thoughts, new programs, new things generally are suspect. Admis- sion to the book is by way of a bit of ritual. Nothing more than to shed the old skin of tradition, of fixed beliefs about certain matters passed on by the grandfathers. Just common sense and nothing else. We: are moving too fast to carry the lumber of excess luggage. So, stripped and clean, step into this book along with Henry Ford and his colleagues. Step in_anywhere for a swift look around. Later ficu will stay longer, taking in the full import of this sane and solid matter. Henry Ford does say stranj thlng: “Today mone of the leaders ‘working for money.” “Industry does not exist to find jobs for as many men as pos- sible, but to find high-priced jobs for as many men as possible,” “The world does not owe any of us livings, but we all owe livings to one another.” “There is no such thing as overproduction.” So, somewhat at random, we follow this man as he goes on his industrial way, smashing old notions to smither- eens, gleefully knocking cold time- honored scarecrows in the flelds of labor. A shocking person, Mr. H Ford. But the shocks are thrilling what is "ri prodncml them proves, definitely and concretely, every case in the new order to which he is devoting his own body and soul. Work and service—work for service. Such the law and gospel in the new creation. The idler is waste, sheer waste, whether he loaf in poverty or, at the other end of the line, in wealth. The second more intolerable, more dangerous, than the first. A work- world, this one. And to it all thi are added. It is in this light that Mr. Ford conceives it and so from many angles does he approach it in its industrial and economic significance. Wages, the wage earner's tenure of service, his parity in all essential pro- duction with the employer himself, ed- ucation in its relation fo industrialism, the drinking man's value in produc- tion, abolishing poverty in the course of time, the its of money—and so on in wide and straight views of the innumerable problems inherent in the supreme problem of work for service. You know this man. So, you know his ways of doing. No stridency here for the sake of creating opinion, no insist- ence at one place or another, Just simple narrative instead. Just a record of fact, fact so inclusive and so per- sonal to all as to make the recital one of individual character, directed upon each of us. Here is the true story of work by a man who believes in it as the sole worthy preoccupation of the human tribe. And to be as well the economic salvation of a public led astray by tradition, confused by the magnitude and complexity of current life. Read the great book. Then to work. Read it again in the it of ml’ own increased activity of mind and ly. Then read it some more for its wisdom and practical outlook, for its simplicity and an essential idealism that includes the world itself. * K * % BEHAVIORISM. John B. Watson. W. W. Norton & Co. ‘This is the book that almost broke the bank of the old introspective psy- chology. ~The innerists would have none of it. Not content, however, to let the study stand or fall by its own substance, these set up a war of right- eousness against it. Triumphant, too, for a time, these hosts seemed to be, since “Behaviorism” went into a rt tirement that proved, happily, to be but temporary. = Willing to know if he really were wrong as the tremendous hullabaloo declared him to be, John Watson went over the whole field again, this time in the role of pure critic. That was quite a few years ago. And here is the book agai t so much rewritten as reviewed and corroborated in the original issue. And what is it all about? About psychology, to be sure You remember it, that study of the mind of which you could make nothing at all! The trouble with you and the rest of us was the inaccessi- bility of the mind. No one could see it, or handle it, or taste, smell or hear it. The nearest approach was by way of words that, themselves, meant just nothing at all. Consciousness, concept, image, idea, apperception—just a few of them picked out from a blessed for- getting to remind us that these have something very important to do with our thinkings and Teelings and, Just pos- sibly, with our doings. Then John Watson, quite a way back, indeed to just before the World War, "l.'l}l‘:s “E‘huckxl" or words to Dhl‘: ebfllle!::‘ trospective psychology nk. It is hokum. It is any other thing that never by any chance comes within 10,~ 000 miles of reality. “How do people behave?” Why do they conduct themselves in this man- ner, or in that, through the various issues and events of an individual career and finally through the collec~ tive behaviors that set regions of the earth apart from one another by virtue of superficial disparities of outlook and action? Something like this appeared to John Watson to be the only sane reason for probling the human mind— that is, in a search for the possible sources of human behaviors. And upon this foundation he made his approaches that inseparable combination, mind and body, in their reciprocal effects, one upon the other, both in individual conduct and, finally, in collective tangi- ble responses to the collective mentality itself, “Why do people behave this way, or this, or this? That was the persistent question posited by Mr. Watson. The tudes and ru%:‘nm was to him, clearly, the answer. e author counted always that the mind is part of the d that so are other organs which are dis- tinctly influential in human moods and conduct, So, this study is, primarily, a study of the body for a discovery of 1ts sources of behavior. What is the body made of? How are its various parts co- ordinated into a functioning whole? What special structures make behavior, conduct, possible? How do these op- erate toward such an end? ,‘l;ndl. those new;n;hlonid"hm that 80 many centuries n se- t do with l ! X, what ha to Four Topoit of Jou 40 yourself and the study. And |, | by the elected government with consid- in its various powers and apti- | sion, ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC Stop a minute and think about this {!ML You ecan our lnrmauol: ureau any question of fact ge! the answer back in a 1 letter. It Is 'a great educational idea introduced into the lives of the most intelligent people in the world—American news- paper readers. It is a part of that best purpose of a newspaper—service. There is no charge except 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Get the habit of & asking questions. Ad- dress your letter to The Evening Star Information Bureau, PFrederic J. Has- kin, director, Washington, D. C. Q. What base ball park in the bi }vfleues has the shortest left fleld?— 10 Z A. The Polo Grounds, where the New York Giants play base ball, has the shortest left field listed in the major rk dimensions. It is 279 feet from lome plate to left field. This field also has the shortest distance from right fleld to home plate, 257 feet 8 inches. Cincinnati has the shortest distance from home plate to center field of any ?! the parks in the major leagues, 393 eet. Q. Who designed and built the En- terprise and the Shamrock?—D. P. A. The Enterprise was designed by W. Starling Burgess and built by the Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. The Shamrock was designed by Charles Nicholson and buflt by Camper and Nicholson. Q. Why is a burial ground called a cemetery?—M. S. A. It is a derivative of a Greek word which means sleeping place. Q. Of how many men do the air forces of Great Britain and France con- W. rce Reserve, the Air Force Spe- rve, the Auxiliary Air Force Territorial Air Force. The ent of the Royal Air Force, exclusive of those ‘The establishment ary Air Force is 801. The rce in 1929 had 73 squad- ents, 8 special reserve ents. Each squadron is auxilia i The establishment (:: of 12 alrpl the Military 36,800 officers 2 air comman organized in ds, dQmprising 14 air regi- ments and 5 inde 'ndent air groups— service number 1,730. Q. In speaking of pi meant by prints?—O. F. A. The word “prints” in¢ cuts, engravings, etchings graphs. Q. Are children permitted at night in Russia?—D. A. C. A. N Persons . No. work at night. Q. Please give a list of the “ologies known to science—C. A. P. A. The following are the principal Om' An , science of man; »_ani ; astrol in- fluence of stars on humen affairs; bi- ology, life and living organisms; bion- tology, physiology of the species or genus; c‘rpolofy, structure of fruits and seeds; craniology, characteristics of skulls; criminology, criminals; ento- mology, insects; etymology, derivation of words; geology, structure of the earth; genealogy, i ogy, from handwriting; horology, time meas- urement; hydrology, waters of the J. HASKIN. earth; ichthyology, fishes; limnology, Jakes and ponds; mammalogy, mam= mals; mineralogy, minerals; naol ecclesiastical architecture; mology, structure and diseases eye; , morbid w:immm oJ mc.:n body; , organic func } plleonwplh". fossils; phrenology, char- acter as ted b{’!orm .:efl e;kul.l- pomology, fruits; sociology, 24 - wh:lg theology, God or of religion, and zoology, animals. Q. does Floyd Gibbons wear & patch over one eye?—E. C. A, Floyd Gibbons, the war correspond- ig | ent, lost the sight of one eye from & wound received in the battle of Cha- teau-Thierry. Q Who is at the head of education A. Sir Charles Phillips Trevelyan president of the board of education in the British cabinet. Q. Was John Wilkes Booth considered a great actor?—G. E. A. Estimates vary somewhat concern- ing the ability of John Wilkes Booth as an actor. At the beginning of his career in Philadelphia he met with constant failure. He was frequently received with hisses. Later he played two seasons in Richmond, where was held in esteem. He then became a star and made a tour commencing at Montgomery, Ala., and ending at Boston. This was on the whole successful, and he was commend- ed particularly for his presentation of the part of Richard III. Booth did not rt -behum in New York except at & ew Q. How do the katydid and cricket produce their noises?—A. J. 8. A. The sound made by katydids is pro- duced by friction caused by the modi- fied wing membranes which overlap the wing covers rubbing against one an- other. The chirping of crickets is pro= duced by rubbing a filelike ridge of one wing over a scraping surface of the other, Only the males have these or- gans, and it 1s generally agreed that the sound serves to call their mates. Q. What is the highest point on the Atlantic coast south of Maine?—S. W. A. Todt Hill, Staten Island, with an altitude of 430 feet, 1s the hllhtltlrolnl on the south of Maine. ount Desert Island has the highest point on the coast, 1,532 feet. Q. Who devised the system of dividing the Bour into €0 minutest—M. A T, A. sexagesimal system, coun! sixties, was the method employed by the Babylonians. Q. How much money is spent yearly by the Post Office Department for twine used to tie up bundles of mail?—S8. D. A. The approximate cost is $500,000 & year. Q. Was the character of Uncle Tom in ”!Ur_nrclt Tom'’s Cabin” drawn from life?— A. Mrs. Stowe said that her first con- ce] of the character came from the husband, a slave in Ken- ky. Afterward, she used some inci- from the autoblography of Josiah . The character of Uncle Tom, , was a fictional one, imbued with which Mrs. Stowe was death of Uncle Tom was France and six lects have distinch divisions, amounting in all to 70 or 80. \Japan’s Liberal Liberal tendencies in Japan are ob- served by the public in the approval by the council at Tokio of the London naval treaty. After centuries of con- servatism in the Oriental empire a more democratic spirit is welcomed by the people of the United States as well as those of other republics. It also is mflnhd out that a new mark in efforts ward peace now been set, although troubles in the region of the Mediterranean still cause some concern, Commenting on the “unconditional approval” by the Privy Council of Japan, the San Francisco Chronicle de- clares that “this marks the final de- feat of the Japanese counterparts of our own preachers of ‘stalwart Ameri- canism.'” The Pacific Coast aner adds: “These Nipponese politicians wailed loudly that their country had been ‘sold out’ to Britain and America. They were just as loud in their pro- tests as those so-called ‘stalwart Amer- feans’ who were sure that the United States had been ‘sold out’ to Japan and Britain. But apparently nobody be- | lieved them. ey didn't get any in Japan than they did in America. ~Great stuff, this ‘stalwart Americanism’ and ‘stalwart Nlpronhm.‘ It's a fine catchpenny phrase for per- sonal ballyhoo.” “The most serious obstacle—ratifica~ tion by the United States Senate;” ac- ding to the Grand Rapids Press— ‘'was met first of all, and doubtless aided in_the general of the treaty. While shipyards will be busy for years, under authorized build- ing program. of the treaty, these pro- grams in every case will far below the naval race building which was in prospect and practically under way. Moreover, capital ship tonnage will be scrapped and along with it the cost of maintaining and manning great battle- ships. The world has saved money. And the world, in one of the few ways it may be done in advance, has made peace.” Y * ok ok X Recalling ‘“efforts of the big navy element at Tokio to force obnoxious reservations,” the Houston Chronicle expresses satisfaction that ‘‘the govern- ment which had sent the delegation to London did not falter,” and concludes that “the war clouds which have low- ered threateningly over the Pacific are now blown away by the clean winds of international justice and will.” ‘The Chronicle finds it “comforting to feel that the sea powers of the world have comj mutual differences in amicable fashion and to the advantage of all.” It continues: “Great Britain, America and Japan, the Three Mus- keteers of the sea, stand steadfast, arm in arm, their motto, ‘All for one and one for all’ No more dreadnaughts for them, not while the cost is so great, the reward so small. The nations of Europe must follow suit if % expect to live at peace with each er and the world.” “Purther victory for popular govern- ment in Japan” is hailed by the Kansas City Star, which points out that “for ears the Privy Council was the power hind the throne in Japan,” and that “it always co-operated with the general staffs of the army and navy,” but that “recently its authority has been disputed erable success, and for a time it looked as if the council, which is a bureau- cratic body unrecognized by the consti- folks roundabout? What about talent, even genius? What about the transmis- rom fathers to sons and to an gc- 80 called, by above the teresting study of young things beays upon the subject of “human instincts.’ Are there any? “Do we always think in Most. interesting. More ab- thing more than the oul %hlgl . The high point of this is that one can gei hold of It. :-ynmlfln ni \..; Tendencies. Seen in Approval of ‘Tre\at_)( tution, might try to make the treaty an issue in the hope of regaining some of the lost power.” The Star feels that “the council seems to have thought better of such a project.” “Final without the o delphia “is eloquent not only of the force of the demand in the empire for relief by international agreement from the and cial burdens of competitive naval byild ing, but of the growing democratization of the country. Old Japan made a de- termined stand against both the Kell pact and the treaty. Acceptance of bof is a victory for new fnmrmlve Japan and the lpmhln( auguration of a purely par] 'ntary regime in the country. For the first time in hist the greatest naval powers of the warl are henceforth bound by an agreement limiting tonnage in every class of war= ship. Further steps to armament re- duction are inevitable despite obstagjes and militarist resistance in every country.” N “The scare is over. For whatever it may be worth, the treaty will stand,” avers the Dayton Daily News. Springfield Union sees a “growi government new is more responsive to public opinion than ever before in the nation’s long, picturesque history under a that has endured for more The Hartford Cou- “if the governments 2 responsive to the will of the publics to which they look for sup- port, they will so order their policies that extension of the terms of the treaty upon its expiration in 1935 will come about almost as a matter of course.” Skepticlsm, however, is expressed by the Baltimore Evening Sun in the state- ment: “The Japanese formally approved the London naval treaty a few days ago. Now they are making preparations elaborate naval maneuvers to determine to what extent more airplanes can take the place of 26,000 tons of submarines that the pact lopped off the Japanese gether to mnrull naval program. At the end of the maneuvers the Japanese admirals will estimate just how many airplanes wo! be needed to replace the submarines ‘The airplanes then be built. And when they have finally been placed in commission the Japanese navy will be rlihb back where it started.” 1t seems fair to emphasize et this time,” says the South Bend Tribune, the fact that the agreement brings a Ppause in naval rivalry. Whether it will lead to further reductions in the arn- ments that burden mankind is 2 moot point. The answer may be had in th> next decade.” The Kalamazoo Gaz (ic advises that “if France and Ita manage somehow to reach a w agreement in the next few y: i should be possible to devise a m(y)'rc c.m- prehensive and more effective n treaty when the powers assembie ‘Under terms of the tr argues the Terre Haute Star, - Britain reserves the right to i rease her naval tonnzge in the event the :I‘u:zl:‘ powers el’;‘x::rk on & more ambi- s rtomm. t automatically gives America ‘and Japan the pflvi‘){ 4 of similar increases in the various classi- ficatfons of the fighting fleet. The sit- uation in Europe just mow is rather ominous for the cause of armament