Evening Star Newspaper, August 5, 1930, Page 4

- GLAIMS DISPUTED Washington Geographer De- clares U. S. Policy Insists “on Settlement. By the Associated Press. WILLIAMSTOWN, Mass., August 5. ~Many of Great Britain's claims in the Antarctic, particularly in the Falkland Islands, are challengeable on the basis of right of discovery, Dr. Laura H. Mar- tin, geologist and geographer of Wash- tngton, D. C., told members of the In- stitute of Politics today. In an address before the conference on “Problems of Sovereignty in the Arc- tic and Antarctic” Dr. Martin said Great Britain asserted dominion over several polar areas extending beyond varts discovered by Englishmen. Byrd Flights Reopens Question. The recent flights of Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd in the Antarctic have again brought to the fore the question of whether the United States might | claim land in the Antarctic on the basis of discovery, Dr. Martin stated The United States has so far never elaimed land in the Antarctic. she inted out, nor acknowledged Great ritain’s claims Yo the region used for Admiral Byrd's base and his flights. Dr. Jesse S. Reeves of the University of Michigan, United States delegate on. the Pan-American Commission for the Codification of the International Law, at Rio de Janeiro in 1927, told the con- ference that the United States. as op- posed to many other nations, has never adopted a policy of basing claims to territory simply upon discovery. Policy Insists on Settlement. “Our policy, as stated by Secretary Charles Evans Hughes in 1924.” he said, “is that the discovery of lands unknown o civilization, even when coupled with & formal taking of possession, does not support a valid claim on sovereignty un- less the discovery is followed by an ac- tual settlement of the discovered coun- . This is a correct statement of in- ternational law, and the policy of th United States is in accordance with it. The question bf sovereignty becomes ncreasingly difficult in the Polar re- gions, Dr. Reeves pointed out. because of the presence of ice barriers and because both Polar areas involve the question of the open sea, no country Baving successfully gaintained title to snything but land territory. “As to the statement made that the United States has a right to the sector from the center of Bering Strait to the Pole on one side and from a projection of the 141st degree of longitude on the morth shore of Alaska to the Pole, there # no official foundation. “There is mo basis of intermational faw for the United States acknowledging the doctrine of Polar sectors put forth by Great Britain, Soviet Russia and Canada, involving, as they do, claims o exclusive jurisdiction over well recog- Rized areas of the open sea.” Canadian Claims Set Forth. Canada_will watch with a “jealous eve” anything resembling a design on the part of a foreign power to establish | Stself within the zone lying between her mainland and the North Pole. P. E.| Corbett, dean of the Law School of McGill ' University, said today before the Institute of Politics. Dean Corbett, who addressed the con- ference on “problems of sovereignty in fhe Arctic and Antarctic,” stated that Canada claims all discovered land lying Between her mainland and the Nortn Pole and will probaby assert a claim t0 | #ny land that may subsequently be dis- | eovered there. . The basis of the claim to existing fayds is, generally speaking, he said, British discovery, and such occupation #s the particularly difficult conditions of ghe area permit. =~ “Where occupation is not yet possible the Canadian claim is justified by prin- ¢iples of territorial proximity and pos- sible strategicimportance,” ne said *These principles have never hardened nto rules of international law, but fthey have been urged from time to time as moral and political. if not legal, ounds for the appropriation of unat- ‘hed lands. . i Aerial Highway Foreseen. ! “At the present time, the main in- rest in the Arctic is in its position as he possible future highway of inter- emisphere air traffic. The shortest Wway between Great Britain and the Western part of Canada is across these Torthern latitudes and the same is true for the Northwestern United States and Northern Europe. Landing and fueling stations along the route will a prime necessity and if such sta- jons in our northren hinterland are be within control of any one power that control ought to he Canadian.” Dean Corbett stated that the quéstion ©f internationalizing the polar regions | jmay arise if expected development in serial igation takes place, but that the United States has hitherto dis- | played slight enthusiasm for such a Ym"" “and without her it would be oolish to think of any such regime in Polar regions.” Chinese Communism Discussed. Yuen-Lilang, judge of the Shanghal Provincial Court, speaking before the Found table on the far eastern situation, | paid: “The recent recrudescence of commu- Ristic activities in Central China, in- stead of being a menace to the estab- lished institutions in Chinese soclety, will most probably serve to lead differ- ent, factions in the Nationalist party to fron out their differences as far as their political platforms and policies are con- cerned, and once more unite the party Jeaders in carrying out the Nationalist grosram. the process of which has been lelayed by dissensions within the party “T am not at all surprised if negotia- Mons are already proceeding between the REV. EDWIN V. O'HARA. —Harris-Ewing Photo. ORPHANAGE FUNDS DECLARED INTACT Virginia Methodist Trustees| Say $23,011.78 Unaccount- | ed Balance Found. By the Associated Press. RICHMOND. Va., Rev. James T. Mastin Vaughan, trustees of the Virginia Methodist Orphanage. in & statement issued last night, said that “a balance unaccounted for, aggregating $23.~ 01178, had. been found in the ace counts of James P. Jones of Richmond, 2 member of the Virginia Assembly d until recently orphanage treasurer. “A settlement for this amount was offered and accepted by the board of trustees at their meeting on July 31" the statement set forth. It was set forth that “there is mo shortage, merely & discrepancy between the accounts of the treasurer and the records of the 'superintendent of the orphanage, which has been adjusted.” Mr Jomes had been treasurer of the orphanage for four years. He was suc- ceeded on June 7 by James C. Crass. Jones was a_former treasurer of the| Anti-saloon e of Virginia. He| said earlier in the day there had been | no shortage. August 5.—The and I N. HURT IN ELECTION VERA ‘CRUZ, Mexico, August 5 (). —Minor _disturbances over this state | marked the congressional elections held THE EVENING ' STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., TUESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1930. DAVIDSON WILL . inzv. EDWIN V. 0’HARA . APPOINTED BISHOP Director of National Catholic Wel- fare Council Promoted to Montana Diocese. By the Associated Press. VATICAN CITY, August 5—The! Pope today appointed Rev. Edwin ¥. | O'Hara of the Rural Life Department of | the National Catholic Welfare Council | as bishop of Great Falls, Mont. Rev. E. V. O'Hara is a parish priest. Rev. Edwin' V. O'Hara has been | director of the Rural Lifs Bureau of | the National Catholic Welfare Council | in Washington since 1920. He is a | brother of Dr. Frank O'Hara, 1301 Mon- | roe street northeast, & lay professor of | economics at the Catholic University of | America. No confirmation of the dispatch from the Vatican City had been received at | | the offices of the National Catholic Wel- | | fare Council at 1312 Massachusetts | avenue. H Father O'Hara, it was said, is out of | the city at present, but is expected to | return here tomorrow. As director of | the Rural Life Bureau he has been a leader in Catholic welfare and parish | work in the rural districts of the coun- {try. The Great Falls, Mont., diocese is one of the most important in the Northwest Father O'Hara was born on a farmy e Final reductions are $|.o $18.00 R —— Sunday. Several laborers were injured by | rockets fired at them when a mob at- | tempted to capture the National Revo- | Iutionary party headquarters, Troops in- | tervened and restored order. One man, | in a voting booth, was stabbed by & | voter. | Orizsba reported that several were | wounded in an exchange of shots there. | The Revolutionary party claimed victory | throughout the state. | AT Sy SR | | either friend or foe of prohibition can | fairly judge its economic effect upon | the Southern States,” he said. | “Opinions which might otherwise be | valuable are rendered more or less use- | less by the prejudice upon which they | rest. This is as true of one side as the | other.” Attacks Prosperity Claims. Attacking the prosperity claims of | prohibition advocates, he said the de- | pression since last Fall has “demolished | the favorife argument of our dry friends.” He enumerated four indexes by which he said the effect of ten years of pro- hibition might be judged, listing the increase in seizures by the Federal Gov- ernment of stills and liquor, increase in arrests for drunkenness, increase in the alcoholic death rate and increase in al- coholic insanity. | In liquor seizures by the Pederal Gov- ernment, he said, the Southern States, | in proportion to population, lead the | rest of the country, Georgia and North Carolina possessing the “doubtful dis- tinction” of topping the entire list of States. The argument that savings deposits have increased since prohibition he answered by saying such deposits in- creased 98 per cent from 1910 to 1919, | the nine years preceding prohibition, | and increased 84 per cent from 1920 | 0’1929, the nine years following. | He conceded that the colored popu- | lation is better off without liquor. | “Many white citizens were willing to.make ¥he mecessary personal sacri- fice in order to bring this about,” he | said, - “This purpose has utterly failed. Not” only does the -Southern colored man continue to obtain liquor, but, waroe still, thousands of them hate de- seMed the farm and engaged directly or indirectly in its manufacture.’” NE “As though a cloud of eiderdown leaders of the government and of the opposition for the convocation of & gen- eral congress of Nationalists to discuss common aims and interests and to seek unification by means of coalition.” Defends United States in Haiti. Amarican policy in Haiti was de- fended in an address by W. W. Cum- berland, former- general receiver of Haiti, delivered before the round table on “our Latin American relations.” Cumberland criticized the report of the Forbes Commission sent to Haitl last Winter by President Hoover. He sald “many errors of fact” oc- eurred in the report, which was based on “a casual visit of two weeks to Haiti, within which time it was impos- sible even to obtain the reliability of witnesses, let alone to formulate any comprehensive policy for _determining the relations between that Republic and the United States.” Government Criticized. Government is the only great business whose machinery has not kept pace with progress during the last century, the institute was told by Frank O. Lowden, former Governor of Illinois. He found little to approve in the practice of creating commissions for administrative duties. “It provides good places for aspirants to office,” he said, reviewing the Illinols State government before Teorganization. “Being a law unto itself, the members could attend to their private affairs and give one or two days a month— usually about the time the pay rolls were made up—to the public service.” Prohibition Benefits Disclaimed. C. O'Cennor. Goolrick, Predericksburg, told the institute that the tion on State's rig hibition “exchanged its birthright for mess of pottage.” He termed prohibition & failure and challenged its supporters to produce evidence that the dry law had ught held you aloft far from That’s how it feels to s tresses whose youth we have re- stored. Charming new ticki selection is used. The sterilized—cleaned—made buoyant. $3.00 gos"e' PH-R'HARRIS: 1224 F STREET == r—-————————-— Let THE STAR near Lanesboro, Minn.,, and graduated from St. Thomas' College, St. Paul, in 1900. He matriculated for the priest- hood at St. Paul's Seminary and was appointed assistant pastor of St. Mary's Cathedral, at Portland, Oreg. Later he was made pastor. Most of his work has been done in that diocese, He served as a chaplain with the American _ Expeditionary Forces in France during the World War. From 1907 to 1918 he served as di- peesan superintendent of schools for the archdiocese of Portland, Oreg. Jn other positions he rendered various public services. In 1913 he was chair- man of the Oregon Unemployment Commission; from 1913 to 1917 he was chairman of the Oregon State and In- dustrial Welfare Commission, charged With the administration of legislation for women and children. ~He was chairman of the Portland Housing Commission from 1917 to 1620 and helped draft the Portland housing code. Father O'Hara resigned the pastor- ship of 1920 and was assigned to the parish of Lane County, Oreg. He has been director of the Rural Life Bureau here since 1920, His work in Oregon,’where he developed religious vocational schools in Lane County, has spread to cther sections. There are now such schools in 70 Catholic dioceses throughout the country. Since 1924 Father O'Hara has been a member of the board of directors of the American Country Life Association. This year, it was said, he received a year's leave of absence from his diocese to devote his entire time to. the ex- tension of rural work. extreme on Harris’ SUMMER HATS 2 Groups 100 Hats of hair, k 0 colors. 150 fine felts, silks, baku, novelty straws, ete. All sizes. All colors. follow you into Vacationland + o+ The simplest; way 4"k ifgton . . . and all th .. . now what's going on in e other worthwhile news is to have THE STAR delivered by mail to your ... Summer address. Simply legve your address or itinerary at the Business office:and you will receive THE STAR with the “saime"dispatch as home in Washington. if you were in your own Rates by Mail—Postage Paid Payable Maryland and Virgin month week. All Other States— month. . week. .. One Advance Fvening an Sunday. Evening. SBunday. 85 50¢ e 25¢ 15¢ 10e 1.00 30c 75e 25¢ 50¢ 15¢ The Star THE GREAT NEWSPAPER O F THE NATION'S CAPITAL MATTRESES FOR the ground.” tress old at leep on mat- sunset. springs made Beds and ng of your you at low fa inside is Phone National 9411. OLD ! The cost is only $4 to $9. A mat- sunrise is new before Box to order, $25.00. Bedding sold direct to ctory prices. Mattresses, box springs and pillows renovated or made to order at factory prices. Zaban Mattress & Box Spring Co. 903 E St. N.W. National 9411 the Cathedral in Portland in | LETTERS 'GRANTED vidson, Jr., and Richard P, Davidson, the executors named in his will, on pe- | tigion qf Attorney. Milton W.. King. | The ‘court is advised that property estimated &t $175,000 belonging to the | estate is within the District, of which $175,000 of Property, in. Real| 100,000 is in real estate notes, stocks Ancillary letters on the estate of H.| Estate and Securities, Is in Distriet. and bonds and $75,000 in real estate known as lot 24 in square 128. No holdings in Maryland are set out in the petition, His will, dated June 8. 1929, was probated at Rockville July 29. The will recites that he had conveyed Bradley Davidson, real estate operator, | to his wife, Mary Porter Davidson, and who died at Edgemoor, M L, July 21, were granted today by Justice Joseph W. Cox of the District Supreme Court to Louise A. Davidson, H. Bradley Da-|that $15,000 each has been given the A his daughter, Louise A. Davidson, the home &mpeny at Edgmoor and now gives them the household effects and $25,000 in cash, each. It also is recited two sons and théy are now to have an- other $30,000 between them. 2 Should the remaining estate be suffi- | clent, the will provides $4,000 for the Union Theological Seminary in Virginia and $2,000 to the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church South for for- an employe, is to have rent free for life premises at 1720 Thirty-third street. The remaining estate is to be held by | the executors in trust to pay the income | to the widow during her life and at her death” to distribute among the. three | children. The walking stick used by Charles I on his way to the scaffold was recently “old in London for $30. Willism R: Bush Dies. RUTLAND, Vt. A X R, 3o Bech T lay af us Sant Co R L in lead mining ep lent of the | is, mamifacturers : 8¢ oil eign and home missions. William Jones, | bu! |COLONIAL ~ ANTHRACITE “Guaranteed No Siate, No Climkers” Ask the Man Who Uses It Ralph J. Moore Coal Co. 1406 N. Cap. 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