Evening Star Newspaper, July 18, 1930, Page 6

A6 * FEDERAL EXPENSES | UTLINED BY JONES S&nator. in Radio’ Forum, iSays Higher Costs Show ! -Growth of Nation. Whe {remendous incréase in activities of. the “Federal Government was de- seribed in terms of annual expenditures | by Senator Wesley L. Jones of Wash- | n in a radio address last night. | Senator Jones, who s chairman of the | Senate Committee on Appropriations, | pointed out that the Nation spent $300,000,000 for all its activities inl 1873, and more than $4,800,000,000 in | the fiscal year 1030. Speaking in~ the National - Radio Forum, arranged by The Washington | Star and broadcast over the coast-to- | coast network of the Columbia Broad- | casting System, Senstor Jones said this increade has been normal throughout | the years except where abnormal con- | ditions prevailed. As an outgrowth of the Spanish and World Wars, he said, appropriations for the Army and Navy j have greatly increased. “Activities along civil lines have also greatly increased,” he said, “and made larger appropriations necessary and wise.” ‘le cited the postal service and expenditures on roads as examples of the larger interests of the Government. “When examined honestly and with- | out bias we are forced to the conclusion ! that our expenditures are honestly and economically made to meet the actual and legitimate needs of the Govern- ment,” Senator Jones asserted. ‘“In- stead of indicating extravagance, they show the expanding activities and un- exampled growth of a wonderful coun- | try.” hThP address of Senator Jones follows full: » 1 have been asked to talk about gov- ernmental apropriations. This is & hard subject to make interesting. It is & fine subject, however, to discuss over the radio. One who wants to be en- tertained need not listen, and one who wants to know of his Government's ex- penditures can do o, while the speaker can proceed on the assumption that he has a vast and attentive audience. The growth, development and wealth of the country can be shown in various ways. As I think about it—as I study it—the more I am convinced that the best. way to do this is to point out its increase in expenditures. What more_striking evidence of the greatness and wealth of the Nation than the fact that its expenditures for el its activities 50 years ago were $300,000,000, while for the fiscal year 1930 its expenditures will be over $4,800,- 000,000. Think about it, reflect over it; the more you do, the more wonderful it becomes. Is this great increase the result of extravagance or the result of necessity? The le who produce the money are entitled to know. We may spend more than we ought to spend, but I sssert that what may be ex- travagant, what may not be a neces- sary expenditure is a very small part of the total. There is a normal governmental ex- penditure, and there is an abnormal ex- penditure. _The increase in our ex- enditures has been normal throughout he years except where abnormal con- ditions prevailed. We often hear charges of extravagance. They are largely made under the impulse of partisanship for political advantage and to bias dur THE EVENING SENATOR WESLEY L. JO for the last few years the deficit has | been rather large. Many post office | activities were originally started as ex- periments and have developed so as to | become almost universal necessities. While post office expenses have enor- mously increased by a general expan- sion of the business, new lines of service have from time to time been estab- lished which have greatly expanded and we would not give them up to save expenses. Postal Service Expensive. Our rural delivery service was started about 30 years ago with two experi- mental services in different sections of the country at a cost of a few thousand dollars. We appropriate now annually to carry it on $107,000,000 and no one would do away with it. It is a dally necessity. Our city delivery service has kept | pace with the growth of the cities and | we gladly pay out annually over $130,- 000,000 to bring mail to the doorstep | of the housekeeper, or to the business | man’'s office from one to two or three | f.ln;e‘l & day. We would be lost with- out it. ‘The transportation of our mail by rafl costs over $130,000,000 annually. No one dreams of doing away with it, un- less it be by a swifter system. Judging the future by the past we need not be | surprised at any developments that may take place with the airmail among a people so active and energetic as we are. ‘There are just two or three fi- lustrations of the great expansion of the post_office facilities accounting for the | greatly increased cost of the post office | service, A few years ago we had much con- troversy among our people about high- way improvements. The impulse for such improvements became so strong it could not be resisted and the Na- | tional Government was brought into it. people for or against some particular proposition or party. Indicate Growth. When examined honestly and with- out bias we are forced to the conclusion that our expenditures are honestly and economically made to meet the actual and legitimate needs of the Govern. ment, Instead of indicating extrava- gance, they show the expanding activi- ties and unexampled growth of a won- dertul country. In 1873 our expenditures were in round figures $300,000,000. With a steady increase in population there was a gradual expansion of governmental activities to meet the needs of our people and a steady increase in_the aggregate cost of these sctivities. This steady unnoticed increase continued until” 1893 and 1894, when we were thrilled by the statement that we’had a billion dollar Congress. That meant more to our people than the statement that our expenditures had reached the “sum of $500,000,000 a year, which was the plain and simple fact. ‘The expenditures of the Government under normal conditions have not in- creased in proportion to the popula- tion, and this is a fact that refutes many of the radical statements made. In 1880 the expenditures of the Gov- ernment were in round figures $333.- 000,000, in 1885 $306,000,000 and in 1890 $395,000,000, Between these dates the expenditures varled slightly. When we became a billion dollar Congress this was an increase of nearly $200,000,000 over the preceding Con- gress. What was the cause of it? Not extravagance, but increased pensions and post office facilities accounted for nearly all of it. Everybody was for these increases. They were just and necessary. Wars Increase Costs. In 1899 we appropriated $892.000,000 n one year, or almost as much as in the two preceding years. Why? Be-| cause of the Spanish War. From 1899 ! to 1908 our expenditures had increased only about $27,000.000. In 1908 we ap- propriated a little over $919.000,000. In 1909 our annual appropriation ex- | ceeded one billion dollars, and pro- ceeded at a normal rate w0 1916, when | it had reached $1,114,000,000. Instead | of being a billion dollar Congrass we | have become a two-billion dollar Con- | gress. As the outgrowth of the Spanish and | World Wars the appropriations for our { Army and Navy have greatly increased. In 1890 the appropriation for the Army ! ‘was $36,500,000, while for the fiscal year of 1931 we appropriated over $351,000,- 000. In 1890 the appropriation for the | Navy was $21,000.000 and for 1931 it 15 over $380,000,000. In 1885 the appro- priations for all the activities of the Government amounted to $306,000,000. We have appropriated for the fiscal year for the Army alone more than this sum and also more than this sum for the Wavy. ‘While our Army and Navy appropri- Btions have greatly increased by reason ®f the war and its necessary results, our Botivities along civil lines have also greatly increased and made larger appropriations necessary and - wise. Nowhere is this more marked than in connection with out post office develop- ments. This, of course, has kept pace with our industrial growth and develop- A Federal highway system was started. | The sentiment for its expansion became | overwhelming, In 1917 we appropriated | out of the National Treasury for road | construction $75,000,000. For 1931 we have appropriated over $106,000,000 and to daie $913,000,000 has been appro- priated for this work, and in my judg- ment no single item of lpgroprhuon is | a!wn':glre 'l:ln.npor:nce to the people as - e ese appropriations for good roads. _W Veterans Cared For. Our people have always dealt MNber- ally with its national defenders. it be interesting to learn that we have actually appropriated for our sol- diers of Mexican, Civil and Span- ish Wars over $8,280,000,000. For the veterans of the World War we appropriated over $389,000,000 for the year 1922 and for 1931 over $500,- 000,000. The total amount appropriated for these veterans from 1922 to 1931, inclusive, is over $4,700,000,000. This has been done gratefully and cheerfully, and there is no better way to put money, raised by taxation, among people of the country. ‘There is a great need for public buildings throughout the country The Government should have these build- ings for the transaction of its business and the people are glad to have them as fine architectural examples. For many years comparatively few public buildings were constructed. A regular system was established a few years ago under which if, is contemplated a public building will ultimately be constructed in practically every city in the coun- try with a population of* 7,500 and up- ward, including monumental bulldings in larger cities and in the District of Columbia, During the last five years, including 1931, we have appropriated for this purpose over $182,500,00 0. The cost of running the Post Office | = THIS SERVICE MEANS BETTER SNAPSHOTS WHEN you bring a roll Department for 1890 was $66,000,000, while for 1031 it was over $800,000,000. For the Agricultural Department in 1890 we appropriated $1,600,000 (note this small sum), while for the flscal year of 1931 we appropriated over $155,- 000,000. It should be said, however, that included in the $155,000,000 is the sum of about $105,000,000 for high- WAYS. Billion Dollar Congresses. There are strange cycles in annual appropriations for the expenses of Gov- ernment since 1873. 1In 1873 our ap- propriations were $330,000,000. In 1890 they were $395000,000, and they ex- ceeded $400,000.000 only twice during the period of 19 years. In. 1892 they were $524,000,000 and in 1898 $528,000,- 000, being less than $500,000,000 twice during that period. In 1893 and 1894 we had the noted billion-dollar Con- gress and in 1895 and 1896 we had less than a billion-doliar Congress, but every Congress since has appropriated a biilion dollars or more. From 1899 to 1908 our appropriations increased from $892,000,000 to $919,000,000, with slight variations from year to year. In 1909 they were a trifle over $1,000,000,000, with an increase to $1,114,000,000 and in 1916, with slight variatiohs between. Can any one see any signs of extrava- gance in these increases? I think they were nothing more than what one could expect in our growing country. In 1917, war preparatio) we appropriated over We then entered the war in earnest. We made the largest annual appropriations in the world’s history. In 1918, we ap- propriated over $18,800,000,000, and in 1919, over $27,000,000,000, or over $45,- 000,000,000 in two years. The highest amount in any one year since was $7,000,000,000, and the lowest amount appropriated in any one year since was $3,700,000,000 in 1925, Since then we ha’ appropriated = annually over $4,600,000,000, until for 1931, a little over $4,800,000,000. This is’ a large sum of money s extravagant? Does it indicate waste? Not when analyzed. At least 70 per cent of this sum is deemed necessary to meet the needs for defense and care for the results of war. A little over $200,000,000 of it is the result_of emergency legislation, leaving YOU CAN SERVE Jorp (ALVERT (OFFEE With Confidence ik \mlmwm e Juu‘mg\*‘“m E‘IW‘““‘-"‘WN\i\\'m i '{0RD (ALVERT § i o erAND Hsveen cut COFFEE 100% Pure Because Of Its Unvarying Uniformity and STAR, Imme & billion, two hundred million properly chargeable to the ordinary ex- penses of a surpassingly great Nation, with new and expanding activities. These vast appropriations furnish & poc litical war cry in a campaign year, but they in fact measure the activities of & reat Government in behalf of the wel- are of & progressive people with con- veniences of life unequaled by any peo- ple in the world's history. It is sig- | nificant that no one who complains of | our large appropriations ever points out | any specific items that should be omitted. Extravagance Charged. It is charged by those of high posi-| tion and -honorable character that there is great extravagance in our appropria- tions. They have had much to do with making them and should know and be able to specify the items on which such & charge is made. Only one specific item is given. It is said that the cost |of running the President’s office has | increased by $91480 over the preced- ing year of the last administration. | This is true. No head of any govern- ment in the world has such problems to | meet and such duties to perform as th"i 1 | President of the United States. They are increasing and becoming more dif- ficult and complex from year to year. Increased help should have ;been . pro- vided before. The President's office is run at less cost than the correspond- ing office of almost any other civilized nation. I am reliably informed that the Presi- dent of our little neighbor republic, Cuba, is more luxuriously housed and that the cost to carry on the office is greater than the housing of our Presi- dent and executive office. I am also assured that this is true of the execu- tive head of eur neighbor to the north of 10,000,000 people. Our President is economical. He is honest. I am sure he has no greater force than is neces- sary in the proper conduct of his great office and the people of this Nation do not begrudge him all he needs for the proper discharge of this work. Carping criticism as to this working force will not meet with the favor of our people. It is said that millions of income taxes paid have been refunded, and it is intimated but not directly charged that such refunds are fraudulently or improperly made. No one, of course, eould approve this if true. What is the situation? ‘The determination of the amount of income that should be paid is in many cases difficult and a com- nlex problem. Government officials in WASHINGTON, | or small the interest entitled to it? the first instance fix the amount on & CHICAGO MARKET COMPANY NAT. 2939 SPECIALS FOR FRIDAY.-SATURDAY BEEF ROAST GROUND BEEF Ib. 15¢ | BOILING BEEF Ib. 10¢ LAMB_SHOULDERS Ib. 10c | VEAL STEW 311 7TH ST. N. W. LAMB STEW STEAK-STEA PRIME RIB ROAST HAMS-HAMS SL. BACON VEAL SHOULDER CHOPS CHICKEN LAMB CHOPS SHOULDERS Red Bag Coffe Butter-Butter ..., SHOULDER LAMB CHOPS b 25e FULL LINE OF PICKLES BOILED HAM DRIED BEEF LUX LOAF...... HAM BOLOGNA. SL. BOLOGNA HONEY LOAF .1b. 50¢ .1b. 60c .1b. 43¢ .1b. 35¢ .1b. 30c .1b.43c U. S. INSPECTED MEATS BEST QUALITY Boned Roller Ib. 25¢ | SL. HAM Sugar Cured Ib. 20c |Peanut Butter Ib. 123c D. €., FRIDAY, \J and impe: :‘:en’cemm to make it high enough to eer all contingencies. The amount | fixed is paid under protest with the as- surance that a careful examination will be made and any amount over a just and legal tax will be refunded. Surely no charge of negligence can be m: against our officials by the public for taking such a course. A carefil study is made. Doubts are resolved in favor of the Goverrment, and refunds are| made only when it appears clear that, such a refund is just and legal. In all such cases the Government has the use of the money so unjustly taken without interest. Surely no one can justify the refusal ‘of the Government l.a‘ret,l’xm money illegally taken no matter how Ilr‘eyor small the sam nor how Effected Biggest Trausaction. The greatest financial transaction in the world’s history Has been ocarried on by this Nation with unexam ed suc- cess At the close of the World War, our public debt was $26,600,000,000, the annual interest on this sum was pxac- tically & billion dollars. In a little oner 0 ye we have paid off over $10, 000,000,000 of the principal and the an=/ nual interest charge has been reduced io about $400,000,000. During the last fiscal year we paid on the principal of the debt $746,000,000. What does this mean if it needs to be further empha- sized? It means that in a little over 10 years we have paid off two or three times the amount of the national debt at the close of the Civil War, which was not fully discharged when we entered the World War. While payini off our national debt at an average of over $800,000,000 a year, we reduced taxes several times and relieved thou- sands of our people of all direct taxes to the National Government and at the same time put the Government into new lines of activities for the benefit of the people. No doubt mistakes have been made, but when, and by whom, in the world’s history has su~h a record of business efficiency and honesty been Wore Annoying Roachey Keaping the of ROACH the Job, ROACH DEATH Extra Fine Quality n15¢ Fancy Spring n17¢ Ib. 123¢ Choice 5. 2 5c Round Ib. 25¢ Ib. 40¢ . 23¢ Ib. 23¢ Sirloin Whole i or Half 3-Pound Piece or More Home Dressed Fryers..35¢c Fancy Stewing .......28¢c Rib or Loin Ib. 35¢ n. 19¢ Small Lean No. 1 n. 36C 20, LUNCH MEATS Smoked Sausage.. .lb. 22¢ Pickled Pigs Feet 1b. 12Y;¢c MINCED HAM... .1b.35¢c LIVER CHEESE. . .Ib.35¢ CORNED BEEF.. .lb. 25¢ LIVER SAUSAGE.Ib. 35c Jelly-making and canning—~what stains they make! Use Clorox and rfect examination nndi ¢ FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES Sugar Georgia Sweet (Hiley Belles) Corn Peaches 3 Ears loc 3 Lbs. zsc Cantaloupes 2 for 25¢ Bananas 3 Doz 2§5¢ Ripe Ieeberg Lettuce & Hiz. 25¢ Tomatoes . Temnesce Lb. 10¢ String Beans 3 Lb. 25¢ ‘Bunch 5° SOWEGA GROWN Guarantesd Watermelons e rire E2-39€ Beets Home.Grown Nationally Known LUX (Soap Flakes) . 19e | Pkg. / Today Two more new combination i / A&P Food Stores— One at: i 244.7 ; 18thI St.' }!.W. e Riverdale, Maryland (Om the Balte. Pike at Madison Ave.) \ \ \ IN OUR MEAT DEPARTMENTS Fresh-Killed Frying Chickens b. 39c Milk-Fed Stewing ~ Chickens w. Jle Lotsier’s Luxury Loat 14 Lb. 1 2¢ Del Ray Italian Dinner Pkg. 29€ Geltand’s Mayonnaise 33¢ Pint Sunnyfield Jar Pure Lhr’d Creamery Butter Sunnyfield Print Butter 32¢ The World’s Largest Wildmeres' Do: Carton Fresh Eggs 8 O'Clock Coffee Evaporated Milk ™ Quaker Crackles Rajah Mustard... e 10c Dromedary Grapefruit. % 25¢ Bread & Butter Pickles. . ... 25¢ Best Foods Mayonnaise "= 18¢c Salad Dress’gcm Medal, 12-0z. jar 19¢ Birsley’s Orange Juice “ 23c Scot-Tissue. . .. .....3 s 28¢c Waldorf Toilet Paper,3 . 17¢ Pabst-Ett Cheese. . ... ... s 23¢ Sultana Peanut Butter . 23c Royal Gelatine et 2 s 15¢ BOSCO The three food drink . « « Jjar 230 Old Dutch Cleanser. .2 ... 13¢ Lighthouse Cleanser. .3 .... 10c Double Tip Matches. .3 ... 10c Safety Matches , .2 15¢ FiEGunii. ... ..........cen 29C Flit, Pint Liquid....... ... o 49c Dethol, Gun & Liquid. . s 65¢ Metal Fly Swatters..... .. «cx S¢ Brigg’s Pep Loat Breast of Lamb Breast of Veal Tender Beet Liver Plate Stewing Beef Sliced Bacon Print or Loose Sell # Priced Coffee “Little Pillows of Health” All5¢ Beverages*':ic. ot .. . .. 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