Evening Star Newspaper, May 2, 1930, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR . s dYRE Senduy Storotuy Fiftton. WASHINGTON, D. G FRIDAY...........May 2, 1980 THEODORE W. NOYES. . ..Editor gan Building. ogent St.. London. Carrfer Within the City. ening Sta 45¢ ter month and 60c per month e 0 per copy Collection made at the end of each month. §aders may be sent in by mail o televhons fAtional 6000. Mail—Payable in Advance. - bfil inia. y only All Other States and Canada. 7 and Sunday fer. 31200: 1 mo. #1.00 iy only .. .. '38.00: 1 mo. junday onily 1yl 3500 1 mo.l Member of the .ussociated Press. is paper and aiso the local news 2u herein. “All rights of publication of ecial dispatches herein are also rererved. —_—e e Inereasing the Lump Sum. One of the many factors to be con- sldered by the Senate in approving the recommendations of its appropriations committee to increase by $3,000,000 the inadequate lump sum now carried in the Distriet bill as the Federal contri- bution to Capital maintenance and de- velopment is the Government's with- @drawal of large areas of land from the taxable area and the large-scale im- provements contemplated in the Gov- ernment’s great building program. | On the one hand is to be studied the | Ioss in potential revenue to the city that results from transfer to the exempt list of valuable real estate; on the other the increase in revenue that would ac- erue to the municipality if Uncle Sam were to become a taxpayer and make his contribution to the District on the basis of his real estate holdings. For under the building program for the eity now authorized or appropriated for, the Federal Government is increasing or improving its realty holdings in the District by an amount appproximating | $227.890,000. Opponents of the principle of fixed ratio in appropriating for Capital main- tenance and improvement, who likewise have become opponents of increasing the inelastic and arbitrary lump sum, sontend with all the enthusiasm of con- verts to a new belief that if the Gov- ernment actually based its contribution to the District upon the value of its real pstate holdings the $9,000,000 lump sum would represent an excessive tax upon an excessive appraisal and in reality it therefore should be decreased. No one will contend against this ar- gument. The point is that the Gov- ernment’s real estate holdings and im- provements, to be enormously increased under the great Capital improvement projects so wisely undertaken by the Congress, is merely one important fac- tor that must be considered in arriving at an equitable contribution to the running expenses of the municipality. It is not contended that this is the only factor. It is not contended that the United States, possessed of exclu- sive legislative power over this com- munity, solely responsible for its ade- quate care and development, should merely tax itself as a real estate vwner and rely upon the city, unique among cities of the world as to its limited taxable resources, to supply the re- mainder. The strongest obligations resting upon the Nation are equitable in their nature and based primarily on the cir- cumstances of the Capital's creation, and the treatment of the Capital by the Nation ever since the birth of the Nation’s city. In the beginning the Fed- eral Government planned a magnificent Capital, covering a large area and characterized by broad streets, avenues and reservations to an extent unsuit- sble for a self-supporting commercial city. By the terms of its bargain with the original owners of the soil, and by the declarctions of its representatives then and in the years since then, the Pederal Government showed an inten- tion to build up a national city, at the Nation's expense, on a grand scale, ir- respective of the future population of the city. In 1878 the Government, which had in the beginning impliedly undertaken to meet all expenses of Capital making and then shifted that burden, in the main, upon private citizens, decided that | Justice required it to pay one-half of the District’s expenses. That practice and principle were followed until 1922, when the practice was changed to a 60-40 in- stead of a 50-50 ratio of appropriation, but the principle was retained. In 1925, evading but not withdrawing its own pledge, Congress instituted a lump sum system of appropriating for the Capital and the lump sum was fixed for that year at $9,000,000—a figure that repre- sented 29 per cent instead of the lawful 40 per cent of the total to be divided with the District. For six fiscal years the $9,000,000 has remained, while the proportion it represents has dwindled to 21.5 per cent in the bill for 1931 as passed by the House. Guided by its study of the resulting ccondition of District finances, both from the standpoint of equity and practical necessity, the Senate appropriations ceommittee proposes to increase the lump sum by $3,000,000. The Senate should | agree. e The pathway to the United States| Supreme Court may be stormy, but that fact does not interfere with the reliable Judicial calm once the political voyager reaches harbor. oo A Placid May Day. May day passed with such tranquil- Uity that it would almost seem as though the radical elements in this country and abroad had concluded to abandon their rough tactics for mere oratory. There were many meetings and there was much spouting. There were parades and banners and ribald slogans, but there was little or no riotous behavior. In New York, for example, the carefully Iaid plans of the police to prevent an outbreak were so effective that there were a bare half dozen of arrests, and those were for minor offenses. Two demonstrations were held in Union Square, one of patriotic organizations foMowing a parade and the other, also | often means the destruction of a tradi- you ecan't help,” after a procession, of the Communists and their fik. A rigid schedule was prescribed and the two bodies did pot | rests matnly THE EVK fwmn meeting was a big one, Union Square being filled with, it is estimated, the largest crowd in its history. The local Communists, who were to have staged a procession to the White House and a demonstration there, falled to make a showing. They could have obtained a permit for a parade, but they aid not epply for one. Perhaps the spirit of martyrdom has flagged. Possibly the Washington radicals, who are mostly imported anyway, were over in New York attending the Union Square party. Whatever the cause, the local contingent of Communism, if it marked the day at all, confined itself to indoor assemblage and mere mouthings of shibboleths and half-understood in- dictments of society. ——————— The President and Fiasperity. No more welcome word has come from his high place since he took office than President Hoover's assurance that the economic crisis is past and that American business is again definitely on the upgrade. That was the burden of his impressive address to the Cham- ber of Commerce of the United States in Washington last evening. It was a typically Hooveresque utterance. It eschewed the glittering generalities of optimism and dealt with the causes and effects of the latest “major mania” in terms of practical common sense. ‘Tt is an arresting and a stimulating state paper. The “news value” in the President's speech lies in the announcement, of his intention, “as soon as matters have cleared a little,” to subject the recent upheaval to comprehensive study. To that end, he purposes resorting to the favorite Hoover method of a fact-find- ing commission. The President reveals his engineering-exploratory bent when he indicates that the commission will have a twofold objective. It will ex- amine into not only the 1929 slump in securities and business, but also into the boom which preceded and led to it. Mr. Hoover is peculiarly interesting when he thrusts, as his own diagnosti- cian, into the pathological cause of the stock crash and its far-flung after- math. “All slumps,” he say re the inexorable consequences of the destruc- tive forces of booms. If we inquire into the primary cause of the great boom on the stock exchanges last year, we find it upon certain forces in- herent in human mind. When our Nation has traveled on the high road to prosperity for a considerable term of years, the natural optimism of our peo- ple brings into being & spirit of undue speculation against the future, * % The effect of these vast contagions of speculative emotion is to divert capital and energy from healthy enterprise—the only real source of prosperity—and to stimulate waste, extravagance and un= sound enterprise, with the inevitable collapse in panic. * * * I do not accept the fatalistic view that the dis- covery of the means to restrain destruc- tive speculation is beyond the genius of the American people.” 80 it is to the future, rather than to the recently devastating past, that President Hoover would turn the gaze and constructive energies of the coun- try. His proposed inquiry into the twin evils of boom and slump is to lead the way. He assures us that the founda- tions for a resumption of stable times are already laid. Capital has come out of hiding. Interest rates have gone down. Building operations are exten- sively on the increase. Above all, American business leaders have demonstrated that intelligent teamwork on their part, in co-opera- tion with the agencies of Government, is capable of checking impending dis- aster. The President did not go too far when he acclaimed as an unparalleled achievement the ‘“great experiment— possibly one of the greatest in our his- tory,” which resulted in stabilizing the Nation’s economic forces last Fall. That thereby the effects of the crash were mitigated, and its destructive period shortened, is no longer op:n to doubt. Mr. Hoover would have the American people learn from the experience through which they are now passing concedes that they are not entirely out of the woods. But the President pro- claims his confidence that “America is finding herself” and intimates that if we but have the wisdom and courage to profit from costly lessons, our steady progress down “the road to social satis- faction” cannot b: obstructed. e North Carolina faces a frequent per- plexity in trying to make one appoint- ment the means of settling a number of diverse economic and political questions, ] Romance and History. During the Parker dcbate the other day Senator Fess was historicizing the reconciliation between Clay and Taney when they, both old men and feeble, shook hands for the last time and parted friends. As Senator Fess related it, Clay told Taney, “No man attempted to defeat you in the Senate more than I did,” and yet Clay wanted to confess, after having watched Taney's perform- ance, that no man better fitted than he for the Chief Justiceship could have been secured. The confessions brought tears to both men's eyes. But Senator Borah here asked Sen- ator Fess if he had ever been able to discover where either Taney or Clay re- ported the incident. For, said Senator Borah, it was supposed to have taken place in the chambers of the Chief Justice when no one was present except Clay and Taney. “The incident which the Senator has just related.” said Sen- ator Borah, “is one of the very beautiful incidents in history which I have never been able to verify. I hope it is true and I presume it is. I have searched industriously for the actual facts with reference to that * * * but I have searched in vain for the record of that transaction.” Senator Fess replied that he had taken it from history as a common statement of history. But it is unfor- tunate that neither Senator Fes; nor Senator Borah was able to pin down the incident as an historical fact. Both of them, apparently, had met the fate of every historian who indus- triously pursues the threads of romance that are woven into the facts of history and in time become indistinguishable from the facts. It sometimes becomes impossible to follow the threads through, vet to tear them out and discard them as artificial adornments that are out of place becomes an act of sacrilege. It tion, and such things are dear to the hearts of a people. & dollar across the Potomac? Did Mov'l Pitcher remain by her husband’s gum at Monmouth and continue to pour de- struction into the ranks of the British? Did Barbara Pritchie do all the flag waving with which she is credited? Did Lincoln ever say what he is reputed to have said about supplying his other generals with the same brand that Grant used? Did Sherman really have horns, and did Pickett, with his long hair waving in the breeze, lead them on or did he stop in a clump of trees at Gettysburg while his troops passed him by on their death march toward Ceme- tery Ridge? The man who sets out to “debunk” history has a thankless task ahead of him. He probably approaches it with Senator Borah's real regret that the substantiating evidence for such inci- dents as Clay’s meeting with Taney | cannot be found. But when he says he cannot find it, he has knocked down an idol and defaced somebody's temple. e Col. Grant's Decision to Remain. In a public statement issued yester- day regarding the possibility of his going to Cincinnati as city manager, Cel. U. S. Grant, 3d, said: I am so interested in the work I am now connected with in Washington and attach so much importance to the large number of projects in course of being carried out, or apparently’ likely to be attempted, in which I have the pleasure of being a large collaborator, that I have felt that I cannot abandon this at this time. ‘Washington is grateful to Col. Grant for his decision to remain on duty here so long as his assignment continues. He might have profited greatly in a financial way by accepting what ap- pears to have been an assured tender of the Cincinnati post, with its emolu- ment several times larger than his present Army pay. He has put his opportunity for useful service here above the pecuniary advantage of a useful service to the Ohio metropolis. In his public statement, Col. Grant to be attempted” in which he is to be a collaborator. The program of public improvements now under way is certain to be extended. No one can now defl- nitely foretell the limits of the Capital- making work that is developing. The Government building plans are merely now in the first stage. The park plans are in formulation. A dozen years will surely elapse before it will be possible to consider as closed the chapter of Capital-making works now in hand and | in view. 5 Doubtless Col. Grant had in view also in his declination of the Ohio position, tender of which rested only upon his attitude toward tne proposal, the mat-| ter of the George Washington bicen- | tennial celebration, of which he has been named a director. This in itself | would justify his continuance in his present Washington post. With consid- eration for every factor, it is with the | deepest gratification that Washington | learns that Col. Grant is to remain here in active service, History is not made for the conven- ience of schoolboys who will one day be puzzled by the fact that two great men by the name of Roosevelt came 8o close together in the course of American events, A ———— Bandits escaped in automobiles in a small Alabama town with an $18,000 pay roll belonging to the tire company. This is & cace where a blowout might have helped some. ' s Japanese cherry blooms are things of beauty in themselves. For pur- poses of weather prophecy when May- time approaches they have not been | strictly reliable. —— e The stock market continues to show | that no basic prosperity can prevent some speculators from losing in order that others may win. ——ors Visitors to Italy regard it as a dis- tinction to be received by Mussolini. The King is left to royal exclusiveness. P SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Robin Song. I heard a robin sing today In an exultant style, And most of what he seemed to say Was, “Wait a little while!” The frost has swept the buds away When blossoms ought to smile, And yet that robin song so gay Is, “Wait a little while!” The crescent moon is on display. There comes o'er many a mile A perfumed melody of May— So wait a little while! “As you go on in your political career,” remarked the watchful friend, “you seem to get further and further away from your early eloquence.” “When I was a beginner,” sald Gen- ator Sorghum, “I had little to lose and was inclined to be flery and impetuous. I have learned more every campaign and the more I know, the more cautious T become.” Jud Tunkins says if human life is to be safe this Summer, there ought to be a conference to limit the number of canoes. Art Ostracism. I shy at disproportionate curves. I do not care for colors fiat. Forms angular get on my nerves. 1 speak in grief—but that is that! Dejected and alone, I move Where others play a joyous part, For everything I disapprove My friends declare is modern art. Aid to Celebrity. “The things that author wrote have made him famous.” “I permit myself to doubt,” said Miss Cayenne, “if he is famous hecause of what he wrote or because of his ex- traordinary luck in being constantly censored.” “‘We are proud of our ancestors,” | Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. self-esteem assures us that in producing us, they fulfilled a glorious mission.” One Auditor Pleased. ‘The golfer tells in gladsome phrase Each day about the game he plays. ‘The story oft we let him tell, Since it amuses him so well. “Tain’ no use complainin’ ‘bout what said Uncle Eben. “Mebbe one o' de reasons you can't help sumpin' is dat you was'es yoh time Did Washington ever cut down his complainials “ speaks of the projects “apparently likely 5 NING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. [ “into conflict. The Communist | father's cherry tree? Did he ever thnW C, FRI DAY, THIS AND THAT L Cit,” faces, wooden faces, Indian faces. On'\"oing back to the street cars for our di'ly personal transportation we Were stry ck forcibly by the facial char- acteristics of our fellow Washingtonian: ‘Bus rider S are not usually in the be position to &€ others. They are crowded into little sex'ts, hemmed in by stand- ersby in narr 'W aisles, intent only on keeping their s 'ats once they get them. Street cars, ¢ the other rail, are large; they conta, in multitudes, as Wait Whitman said of . nother matter; they have the amplitud, > of time and for- tune. Riders in vehicles u hat go on tracks, said by some to be on 1 be out grade, but still doing a_very nice business, thank you, have full opportunfy ¥ to give their fellow passengers the “ony € Over. B By taking up one's seat On the cross bench at the front of the ¢ I solemnly stare into the full', faces of 80 or 90 other customers, all enga g°d in the exceedingly solemn task of ‘fldinx to work, * X k% Once such an observer gets th > idea into his head that their faces ar® In- dianlike in character, he will fin1 it difficult to get it out. He will find support for his theory, in an article by the eminent Prof. Carl & Jung in the April number of the Forum. The Swiss psychologist, in an article en- titled “Your Negroid and Indian. Be- havior.” declares in effect that there is something in the very air and soil of & extent of their features. | With this observation'in mind we | could easily fancy that the men and | women riding in our street cars every day have Indianese physiognomies, hence our opening observation of city faces, wooden faces, Indian faces. Undoubtedly this theory may be ushed too far. It is manifestly impos- sible to disassociate the monotony of & | daily habit from mysterious air influ- | ences, and to say exactly where one leaves off and the other begins | Yet unquestionably the jaw formations | of Americans are undergoing a change. | One has but to look at_the photographs taken of the Union soldiers during the Civil War to see the difference. Com- pared with the boys and men of today jhose fighting men had slender faces. | 0 doubt some of that aspect may be at- | tributed to the cap, which today seems | strange, but physical measurements in | all likelihood would bear out the obser- vation. | with higher cheekbones, and with deeper sunken eyes, giving the entire face, especiallv in repose. an Indian chara ter, or flavor, which is often startling. The mixture of races, too, is a factor which cannot be overlooked. It is fairly well established that the mound | builders of Ohio must have come to this | country from Asia, crossing at the Ber- | ing Straits. o Solidity of feature was perhaps the | most striking characteristic of the old- | time Incdian. If observations made on | modern Indians, as they come to Wash- ington, count for anything, it would! scarcely be fair to say that the newer types are stolid. | Certainly we have seen Indians on| lower Pennsylvania avenue laughing as heartily as any group of young white | persons fresh out of school. The braves, judging from the smiles, had a keen sense of humor, and were not backward | about showing it. | Habit. great molder of emotions,| restricts the facial lines of the typical What amounts to the first test of | the virtue or vice of the late Progressive | Democratic tariff coalition in the Senate | will take place in South Dakota on May | 6. The incumbent Republican Progres- sive Senator, William H. McMaster, is contesting a primary fight for renomi- nation against George Danforth, Sioux Falls lawyer. To help McMaster win, Senator “Young Bob” La Follette, broth- er Progressive, of Wisconsin, has gone to South Dakota and will deliver a series of whirlwind speeches on his behalf. Mc- Master is asking renomination mainly on the Senate coalition’s successful struggle for Hawley-Smoot rates favor- @ble to agriculture. It was the South Dakota Senator's tariff resolution of January, 1928, which marked the be- ginning of the “jackass” movement to get higher farm duties and to reduce ex- cessive industrial rates. McMaster is expected to worst his primary foe easily next week. But his real troubles will set in the vear, when he will face ill” J. Bulow, prosp-ctive Demo- election. The governor is a popular figr ure, a vigorous campaigner and a proved vote-getter. .k % “Bkipper” Charles Francis Adams, the Secretary of the Navy, took a hand in piloting 8. 8. Leviathan as the big ship bringing home the London conference delegates approached Nantucket Light. Capt. Cunningham, commander of the had once steered an American Cup de- fender in the Anglo-American yacht race, and ask-d the ruler of the Navy if Adams wouldn't like to take a turn at the wheel. The Secretary tackled the Job like the ancient mariner he is. For the ensuing 25 minutes, until the Le- viathan's escort, three destroyers, the battleship Texas and a Navy dirigible, hove into view, the Massachusetts yachtsman held the helm. “She's a bit lively,” Adams remarked, as he returned the command to the liner's quarter- master. 5 . e It would be difficult to conceive of & more interesting three-cornered inter- national set-up than the journey upom which M. Paul Claudel, cuitured French Ambassador to the United States, has just embarked. He's on his way to Ger- many to attend the premiere of the Franco-American lyric opera “Christo- pher Columbus,” of which he wrote the libretto. ‘The first performance is sched- uled to take place in Berlin on May 10. The ‘music is the composition of an- other French diplomat, M. Darius Mil- haud, who a few years ago was attached to the French embassy in Rio de Janeiro while M. Claudel was charge d'affaires. Poetical and philosophical works, espe- cially on Oriental themes, are the Am- bassador’s hobbles along with diplomacy. HIs book of the words for “Christopher Columbus,” it is learned, does not con- tain Patrick Francis Murphy's immor tal wisccrack that America was discov- ered several times before Columbus' time, but “it was always hushed up.” No happier homecomers have reached these shores in many a day than the secretaries and stenographers who went to London for the naval conference. Since theit arrival in Washington this week they've been busy clearing up the misapprehension of departmental co- workers that the girls' sojourn in Eng- land was one continuous joy-ride They'd not been on the conference job working immensely longer hours than |anything they ever knew in Washing- rather than the exception. Miss Hurley Stella Fisk, who became a familiar fig- ure on horscback in Rotten Row, de- poses and says she was so busy that she didn’t even get to meet an English- man or see the Tower of London. Miss BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. one may | tj WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC W:”.I,IAW’WILE. cratic candidate for the Senate at the | Leviathan, remembered that Mr. Adams | bevy of State and Navy Department | very long before they found themselves | ton. A 12 or 14 hour shift was the rule | q city man, as he is comning to be known, to _certain set lines. ‘The vast number of. persons he meets every day tends-to prevent him from recofnktng few, if anmv, of them if he should run across then1 again He is, in effect, livii1g in the midst of an assemblage, of sti"angers, yet fel- Jow human beings, he might like to know if the opportunity’ came. But he has not been | ntroduced, and this is the stumbling bloj k. So, utilizing & protective device, he falls into the characteristic attitude of pretending that he is interested in no one. His mouth becomes ,set, his feet firmly planted, his hand's immovable. He is a sort of Indian, suwely. . Bt just as our humorows Indians on Pennsylvania avenue could; smile when they had something to tickla their fancy, 50 these street car Indiany, these so- | phisticated wooden faces, these typical city faces, often give themsalves away. ‘Those rolling eyeballs give \\im away. | He is not as stolid as he appaars to be, nor as indifferent as his attitude sug- | gests. Let an exceptionally peetty girl come down the aisle, he misses' nothing, being in full possession of his ‘faculties of appreciation, evidently. | See the old fellow with thel nobby gray topcoat and the light gray felt . hat. His face is pink as a baby's, pink- .". 8s & matter of fact, for a mydern ch ild is likely to be either whity> or tan, ed country which molds the inhabitants to | - ts gentleman for the world would the type of the aboriginals, even to the | noy, say good morning to one as takes' his seat. It is against the ethics',0f mass riding. ride is, indeed, a solemn affair. Evi- dently it requires a moderate amount of real a\llity to do so dangerous a! thing, if w,® may judge from the ap- pearance of 4 Ur subject, he takes him- self so serious'V. He is shaved, bathed, well dressed, in the regulation felt hat and sack suit ot the American business the success Ul American business e h be st In his heart hei fa’ls that there are certain subtle distinct\)ns between man and man, despite 1vs f\'ll adherence to the inherent principles af the Declara- tion of Independe:e, = gspecially in those portions whick) bear. upon the theoretical equalness of all mvn in the sight of their Maker. He is not willing tivat a sttamger, even when brimming \vith good' will, induced by pleasant weat.ter andai good Today's typical face is broader, fuller, | breakfast, should greet twm wigt the | same hilarity assumed by' an olX ac- quamtance. 5 Perhaps it would be better if stranger, did not greet him at all, saving yourself from a slight rebuff v manner and him from an unsefitlemen % of habit. How faithful a thing @ habit is, it makes no difference whegher a good one or how bad a one! Looking at this solemn, citified gen- | tleman, we can almost see him in' war | paint and feathers, moccasins on his feet, (at present incased in $18 shoss), gravely smoking a pipe of peace with his equals. It takes a greater stretch af imagination to picture him burning a vietim at the stake, or scalping a fallen oe. vou, But look again—y as we live! there ar tell-tale signs around his mouth, and his eyes are set very close together, the lips are compressed to a mean line —see, he raises his tomahawk in air, gives forth a blood-curdling shriek, prances forth to glory—and all on a May morning, in a Washington street car, in the year of our Lord 1930! bers and address them briefly at a cere- | mony on the south lawn of the White House grounds on Monday noon, May 19. "If the weather’s bad, the east room will be the scene of operations. Half an hour later the convention will listen to a “keynote” luncheon address by Senator Borah of Idaho. Senators Vandenberg: of Michigan and Harrison of Mississippi, Secretary of Labor Davis and Assistant Secretary of Commerce Klein will also address the advertising | fraternity. | | | | | * ox ok % One of the diverting “inside” stories which reaches Washington with the | London conference delegation concerns the duel alleged to have been fought by Stimson and Briand over the text of the treaty preamble. As the yarn has it, the American Secretary of State was anxious to include some beatific refer- ence to the Kellogg pact—something | that would look good and sound well without risk of entanglements either with the Senate or with Europe. The Frerch foreign minister expressed as- sent to the proposal, provided Stimson | would let Briand insert a few kind | words about the League of Nations./ That put the lid on the whole business, so0 the pact is devoid of reference either to the anti-war treaty or the Geneva covenant. | | * ok Kk Miss Averil Bland, a Canadian woman who was a war nurse with the American Army in France, is the latest to refuse to take the arms-bearing oath as a con- dition of United States citizenship. The naturalization authorities at Washing- |ton have just received the details of | Miss Bland's seance with the Federal | authorities at New York. “Is there any circumstance,” she was asked, “under which you would take up arms to de- | fend your country?” ~ She replied, “There is none.” The examining mag- istrate then wanted to know whether Miss Bland would let some one carry out a threat to Kill her. “Certainly,” she rejoined, unhesitatingly. The Ca- nadian woman's counsel contends that her case differs from those of others who declined to take the arms-bearing oath, in that it involves the printiple of religlous freedom. Miss Bland claims that her religious beliefs inhibit, her from vowing any willingness to employ force in national defense. (Coperight, 1930.) - Wool Price-Fixing May Be Boomerang From the St. Louis Globe-Democrat. Price-fixing on wool is now demanded in Australia, which produces one-third of the world supply of wool. That the government shall put up $15,000,000, that a wool pool shall be formed by the sheep raisers and that not more than 20 or 25 per cent of the annual clip shall be sent to Europe until prices im- prove, is proposed. However, there are a lot of things to think about. In producing the other two-thirds of the available wool, South America is becoming a factor of ever- increasing importance. Should price- fixing, in which Australians take all the risks and pay all the costs, be a sucesss, the larger benefits will go to a graat number of sheepmen who will not raise a finger toward alding the scheme, just | as non-British territory benefited prin- cipally from the ill-fated British scheme for increasing rubber prices. Further- more, synthetic fabrics are coming so much nto use that their competition explains part of the depression in wool | prices. If wool quotations go up to a synthetic figure, the Australians will be | joined in rejoicings by the makers of This morning | 80 | | wow about them? | marginal acre in €rain farming, not very | from marginal and sur, 9h1s lists that! | gent method or another &irplus farm i complished with very little friction, con- |standing that exists. Fisk was the courteous nymph of the ! such fabrics as rayon and the linen and typewriter with whom the American cotton men also may do a little re- newspaper men at the late unpleasan ness had most to do. She was on duty at press headquarters. As a token of appreciation of her smiling helpfulness the scribes thrust upon her before she left London a pold cigarette case and lighter. W W President Hoover will send a welcome to the twenty-sixth annual convention of the Advertising Federation of America in Washington during the week begin- ning May 18. He will receive its mem- | joicing. | " After a_large accumulation of wool ‘h-n been held back from the market, it may, after all, have to be sold at a loss. |A canny part of the plan is that, if there is a loss, the wool men will have to meet it from & tax of 1 per cent on the receipts from all future clips until the loss is wiped out. Our new Grundy tariff increases the duty on the finer wools from 31 tp 34 6&_,!"! & pound, the highest in our his- MAY 2, 1930. Daylight Saving for opponents, light saving have against it? saving is in effect in practically every part of the United States from Balti- more The entire State of Ohio, which at one time was on Central tims is now on ‘Eastern time. giving thoss people the benefit of daylight savingi| the_year around. If New York, Boston, Philadelp! and other large cities have felt it w to adopt daylight saving year af year, there must bel some merit to it. Let's boost for daylight saving. It can be put into effect in Washington, this year if the menchants of Wash- ington will only say ghey want it. It| does not need congressional approval. Let's get in step with the rest of the world. JOHN W. LAINHART. Prm-u-ing AHors;a_ Tries To Tell of Cruel Rein ‘To the Editor of The S The other day the writer saw a team of horses attached to a ¢lump wagon -hauling _dirt. “near” horse was bay and the “off” horse \white. The bay horse was uncheckeel working _quietly, the pranced all the time trying to make the driver understand the agony it was en- during from a cruelly tightj checkrein. The driver thought the animal was “nervous,” and added to its suffering by pulling hard on the bit. 1f this article reaches the eye of the owner of this team, he is kindly requested to re- lease the checkrein on the white horse | and permit it to work quietly, and thus save money and save the horse. The creature is not “nervous,” it ing in its voiceless language to tell' its pain, ) and is prancing away all its strength in the effort. CARRIE K. HUNTINGTON. yiight.| or ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC This bureau does not give advice, but ves free informstion on any subject. 1o e informed is atvice, and in- eric J. Easkin, director, . Ploase state whether Amos and | —B. A. A. Both Freeman Gosden and Charles Correll are married. Q. Is there to be much money spent | by power companies this year?—W. L. | A. The Department of Commerce says Q. Do Japanese cherry trees " bear fruit?>—C. H. A. The Japanese cherry tree is grown | for its blossoms alone and produces no fruit. Q. When was the first money sent to the ;onsclenu Tund in the Treasury?— A. The first contribution to the con- science fund was made in 1811. Money received for this fund on the books of the ment as such, but is listed as miscella- neous receipts. The amounts sent in range from 2 cents for & person who failed to put & stamp on a letter when mailed, to several thousand dollars from persons who smuggled goods into the United States without paying import duty. Usually the sums sent are small. The total amount sent in mow amounts to about $578,000. Q. How many arches are there in the foot?—M. M. wihite horse | M. - 1 \farm Board Wheat And Bread Rates To the Editor of The Star: ‘Fhere has been much ado jat the A. There are four arches in the foot— the long arch at the inside of the foot from heel to great toe, the front arch across the ball of the foot, the arch at the outside of the foot from the heel o the base of the small toe, and the 'arch across the middle of the foot un- Unlted States Commerce Buildiag this weetk, pros and cons, in re thet Farm Board, Its Continuance or Abolition! One hundred million bushels of: wheat have been removed from the competi- tive wiheat market and spot wheat sold today on the Chicago Board of Trade at $10133 a bushel, while 120,000,000 \Americans are paying the bread trusts ithe same old price for bread as when fwheat was $1.80 a bushel. Would it inot be well for American newspapers ito demand that the bakers reduce the price of their bread throughout the country? It is the consumer who pays: the freight to either the farmer or the wheat speculator. The poor man of family, the widow and her orphans— ‘These United States 2 te in a nervous condition these days. W "heat cheap! Bread dear! . ‘W. E. RYAN. ‘Tin\\ber Crop Proposed As Real Farm Relief #rom the \ Chicago Daily Tribune. A man’ from Wisconsin writes, “Plant trees.to ¢ Wt the farm surplus.” With a timber sh. wtage annually more threat~ ening, witl \ @ grain surplus which Mr. Legge is try g desperately to buy away, it might be Wwell, our Wisconsin corre- spondent sug '®ests, to shift from grain to timbe; *s. One ourv,c;? % or 10 acpes under culti- vation is a sur plus acre. Much of that| acre. according 10 good estimate, is poor for grain but go 94 for timber. It is the [ | \l good nor efficien % but it bmeaks down | the farmer’s price % A way to make it timber hnd'wfluld \aid - the farmer and restore our forests. In Wisconsin timi er \and is taxed 10 cents an acre until the: trees are cut. Then a heavier tax ' is levied on the timber crop. Thus p1 ivate interests are encouraged to grow ftorests. In New York the State is buyh \§ 'lands not good enough for farming bu. % a0od to regrow | forests. In great areas ol the southern, counties of the State lar Wi are removed | break the farmer down. ' B)’ one intelli- lands may be turned to tin \Ber. In Illi- nois alone six million acres V) potential timber land lies relatively W/asted and unused. $ When America can increas % the aver- age acreage of farms and 1 educe the total acreage of farming, says 1’r. Rich- ard T. Ely, director of the ins & itute for research in land economics ar ¢ public utilities at Northwestern Univer 8 ity, the solution of the farm problem nearer. In this day of indust. farming the average one-family f# '::r:: fent | Ohio, Times, while the Richmond, Ind., too small. On test farms in Mon 3,000 acres have been found the efl\ size for dry farming methods. On dle Western farms with one owner would be less, but still larger than \ present acreage. the productive acreage on the aversy farm, as the Farm Board advises, th acreage should be larger. \ On a 3,000-acre unit in Montana wheat can be raised with a total labo: time of 54 minutes per acre. This means efficiency for one-family farm- ing, for though corporation farming has not succeeded, according to* Dr. Ely, [the family farm must use the ce ra- tion’s methods of industrial machinery and science to make a go of it, To re- | duce acreage on the 3.000-acte farms | in Montana as the Parm Beard advises —or to raise it—will only raise the costs of farm products to the consumer. To reduce productive acreage on good farms will injure the consumer. It will not help the farmer. 7 If the Farm Board could use millions buying surplus lands instead of surplus crops and restore these lands to timber, the farmer and consumer both would profit. The timber land or crop could be sold or leased later to the lumber companies and governments could break even. The farmer mean- while would be greatly aided. Farms in general should be larger, but the total acreage under cultivation must be reduced. Private crops of tim- ber should be encouraged by improved taxation methods. Where public help is needed in the farm emergency the areas of cheap marginal lands should be converted into State and national forests. Vst Misunderstandings Make Task of Census Hard From the Omaha World-Herald. Taking the census seems to be ac- sidering the opportunity for misunder- To many persons, inclined to be sensitive and secretive about their personal affairs the ques- tions which the enumerator must ask may seem to be unduly impertinent. Ignorance on the part of the questioned or a want of tact on the part of the enmumerator may be fruitful of misun- derstanding. In spite of all this, however, the enumerator and his prospect usually arrdve at a basis of mutual understand- ing, and comparatively few cases arise where an appeal to Government force is made. It is annoying to an enumerator to find that he has arrived at a home simultaneously with the stork or the grim reaper. These are callers who demand even more immediate attention than he does. While it means extra work and no more pay for him, the best he can do is to exercise patience and tact and call again. The filing of a census obstruction complaint against a State university instructor seems to have been due to the failure of the enumerator to appre- ciate that he had arrived at an inop- portune time. Fortunately for this in- structor and victims of similar misun- vill N s |t wies et G eniiy and |two husky sons the proper acrs 3ge Instead of reduct 18/ der the instep. Q. How many lives and how much money did_the World War cost the | world?—E. R. A. The World War is estimated to 'have taken nearly 8,000,000 lives and to have cost ap ly $. 000. This is the estimate of losses di- rectly due to the war, and if indirect \losses were included these totals would be very much greater. @ Do some airplanes have cranks? A. A number of airplanes have inertia starters which might be called a crank by laymen. This device winds up and ‘when released throws the over. .all violators, to regulate the anchorage tof vessels and to keep the thannels clear from the wharves to the sea. Q. How long has Albania had cur- rency of her own?—H. McL. A. Until 1926 Albania bad neither metallic nor paper money of her own. In September, 1825, there was the National Bank of Albania, creating franc as the unit. It has issued [ bank’ notes, 'ex- , and gold. silver, ins. e bank has changeable for gold, nickel and bronze oo the to | and is not carried | 184,000,000, | P. formed | —R. J. HASKIN. * also -mnhh:'d fitting ‘purpose taking export trade. Q. aren't the divorce laws the same all over Mexico?—M. H. A. Mexico, like the United States, grants to fts provinces the power to conduct their internal affairs, and di- vorce laws of the provinces er as do the divorce laws of the different States in this country. Q. Are there enough sight-saving classes in the United States to take care of children in school whose eyes have serious defects?—T. B. o~ A. There are now 350 such classes dis- tributed in 95 cities in 21 States. The number needed is 5:000. | . Q. What is ‘the pottery made at Barnstaple, England?—R. C. D. | _ A. It is known as Barum ware. The | first productions were small jugs which cante under the notice of a London firm and which helped develop the business. In 1885. Queen Victoria pur- chased some of this ware. The designs consisted mainly of foliated and bird ornament, of convention scrolls, flowers, fishes, etc. Originally the colors were only white and red, but later rich com- binations of yellow, blue, green and others were used. The pottery is of or- dinary earthenware. Q. What money bought and equipped the school near President Hoover's camp?—L. J. A. The President Herbert Hoover Community School was built upon pri- vately owned land, which was donated for the purpose of erecting the school. ‘The money was given by President Hoo- ver and his friends. It was equipped by Mr. and Mrs. Hoover with the money donated by them and by their friends. The State Board of Education of Vir- ginia made recommendations &s to what would constitute suitable equip- ment for maintaining a school. Twen- ty-five students are now enrolled. Q. When a match is thrown into a tank of gasoline, why will it sometimes ‘explode and gometimes the match goes out?>—s. B. A. Gasoline alone will not explude. Gasoline vapor mixed in proper pro- portions with air is explosive. It should be realized. however, that such vapor is usually present near the gasoline and may be ignited. Q. Did_Sidney Pranklin, the bull- fighter, recover from his injuries?— A. Bidney Pranklin i now recovering m the injuries he received when a ‘bull gored him at a performance in the flrin' at Madrid several weeks ago. animal charged on him while his | back was turned. Q. How should the problem of mak- ing a will be approached?—H. W. A.It may be simply stated as a dis- position of your life insurance, of your general estate and of personal keep- | sakes. The administration of the will is the other weighty problem. The choice of executor is of great impor- tance. Q. Are the same type refrigerator cars used for meat that are used for fruit and vegetables?—S. R. A. Cars for meat are often cooled by brine tanks in which ice and salt are mixed, while cars for fruit and vege- ::lsl utilize air currents passing over Q ‘warehouses for care of import .:hmmtheundnfcuhm7 A. This is not known precisely. Prob- ably the Hebrews used the term to designate the whole country between the Brook of Egypt (Wadi el 'Arish) and the Nile Delta. Souvenir Coins Under Fire As Result of President Hoover’s first veto, though dealing with a relatively It matter, has served to stir up a certain amount of friendly debate. There is general support for the presidential ob- Jection to the minting of special coins | to commemorate the Gadsden Purchase, ! though some feel that the sentimental | value of such a souvenir would out- weigh the ed the veto. It is agreed that the Gads- ?::: Purchase of urrml).ry !r;:n Mexico an important place Whether or not the pl.ine heen drawn on this particular matter is the chief subject of discussion. “The President’s veto Has the ap- proval of those who think that the cus- with the dignity that should attach to the coinage of a | great nation,” says the Portsmouth, Item contends: “The monetary system of the country is created and exists for |a well defined and essential purpose. | Sound practice demands that it should not be diverted to other uses, if we are best to serve the needs of trade and e commerce, satisfy the convenience of | the pmnlg_ and protect the integrity of our * Kk kX “If medals are desired for observances « 1 this kind,” according to the St. Louis ¢ ‘lobe. it, “they can be struck Iy 7 _private firms. Acquisition of terri- "y by purchase, even from an intimi- :;A‘!d enemy, is to be encouraged over acq, sition by arms, but if the seventy- & or seventy-seventh year calls for a caoin, would not the one hundredth year*1all for another? Perhaps we may ‘asswwme that & halt is also to be called on theg issue of special commemorative stamp \. which has enthusiastic approval by stai 6P collectors, as probably the is- sue of \pecial coins has of cain eollec- tors. B Yt the practice is being carried too far.” ' “The 1%1e had to be drawn some time,” in ithe opinion of the Albany Evening N.\Ws, “and it is well that it wn ncsw. There are better ways to commemo.yate great events in Ameri- can history.” \The News e the President’s staf\’ment that “there are \now about 13,0004 900 special coins, which have come frol the mint within a decade.” oA\ * * Point out that? “Gadsden's treaty with l&‘e‘fiw. which \g.1ve Mexico $10.- 000,000 and the Unial States 45535 square miles of territory. Was & mem- orable event and one \warthy of suit- able commemoration,” the" it Free Press nevertheless believigs that “neifiner it nor any of the many ot'her aemoraible events in our history should.be made an excuse for exposing the' mational colnage to confusion or coun.‘erfeitinig. The first formal veto indulged in [by Mr. Hoover is sound.” \ The suggestion from the Pr esidant | that “events worthy of commemo Taticn should be taken cognizance of th tous b the issuance of appropriate mednl‘\" 15 quoted by the Lynchburg Advance, it the comment: “We might suggest t hait history. should have | the Veto by Hoover used them for propaganda purposes. Some of them were comparable to the TLiberty Loan posters.” “The Gadsden Purchase,” suggests the Fort Worth Star-Te , “marked . | the establishment of the tween Angl ‘Western Hemisphere which .stands to- @ay. It would be difficult to select from the list of ), : “It is difficult to see how the addition of one more design would have greatly weak- ened the security of our coinage, espe- cially when the entire issue of special coins sought were to be taken by the as- sociation in charge of the event it was sought to memorialize with a guarantee that ndét one of the coins would ever find its way into Federal circulation And residents of the Southwest perhaps will find sympathy for the feeling thar the protective measures of Mr. Hoovcr might well have been held off a bit longer to permit the issuance of the special coins commemorating the Gads- den Purchase, when 50 many less im- portant events have been so commemo- rated in the I-mmedllotf #t with the enthusiastic approval esidents and Congress.” As to the use of a special stamp, the Charleston Mail is “not sonkeen even on this,” although it remarks that “the more stamps purchased and can- .celed and taken out of use, the more profit for the Government.” The Utica Observer-Dispatch thinks that “neither the special coin nor the stamp carries with it any significant lesson in history.” The Saginaw Daily News advises that “historical or important events should be commemorated, bit in other of the many ways open, without using the country’s coinage system.” . “President Hoover has squarely raised the issue of legality and it is doubtful whether any group will feel strong enough to debate the point.” avers the New Castle News, while the Spokane Spokesman-Review feels that he “has strengthened confidence in his admints- tration, and demonstrated the wisdam of the veto check of the Constitution.” The Indianapolis Star agrees that the veto “reflected sound judgment,” and the Detroit News suggests that “perhaps the President has his eye on some of the bills which Congress always ing to pass with roll call attached.. ) No Potato Bug Admissions. From the Toledo Blade. Despite France's accusation, we ha been unable to get even one member o the A. E. F. to admit that he took a potato bug overseas with him. ———— ey Purpose of American Home. From the San Antonio Express. By this time census takers are con vinced that many an American brme § Just a place to eat and sleep. S commemorative stamps, many of wh.\ch have appeared in the last 30 years, | issued. 'They are not costly, and mi'c lions of citizens would be able to ac-\! quire them, while only a relatively small number would acquire the coins. And, besides, the danger of counterfeiting would not be present, for no counter- feiters would take the trouble to turn out spurious stamps of the low values which usually are represented by the commemorative postal adhesives.” * ok k% Challenging the Presidant’s stand, th Memphis Commercial Appeal state: “No doubt the reasoning; the Presi- dent is sound. No doubt ¥he coinage of the country should be uniform. The evil of counterfeiting must not overcome the land. At the same time there will be sentimental regrets in certain quar- ters that a halt has been called to the practice of celebrating great events in the national history by striking af a derstandings Government _prosecutors are not so hard-boiled as some enumer- ators and mutual explanations are all that are required to straighten out the difficulty. coin. The history of many nations can be read in fairly good outline from a Lindbergh Scores Another. From the Charleston (W. Va.) Daily Mail. Lindbergh seems to have solved suc- Lcessfully the problem of aerial back. \s driving. o Popularity of Prisons. Fiey ™ the Muncle Star. llru\ extrs mely hard to get into them. ue reason why prisons are so ‘s that the lawyers are mkg\:wn . ——— Figy hting Necessary in Battle. From t} ° Omaha News-Herald. But 4 me of Gandhi's followers evi- dently b)‘ lieve that you can’t carry on a fight witd out doing some fighting. oo Chan ce to Save Words. From the Zan, “sVille (Ohio) Times Recorder. Never tell , * Bir! she s the first study of the coins. The Emperor Augustus not only told the story of his Tule on the imperial coins, but he also you éver loved. Tt You have skill she won't believe you, an, 1 if you are awkward it ian't necessary., x !