Evening Star Newspaper, February 18, 1930, Page 8

e THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. __ WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY.....February 18, 1930 . THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor The Evening Star Newsnaper Company oy us o .P.!ufi anin Ave ice. 110 East 42nd st Michisan Buildin. Regent 8L.. London, aud. the City. 4b¢ ver mond 60¢ Ler wonth whi 65c The Sundav Sta ... Bc per copy Collection made at the end of vach manin Orders may be sent i by mail o telepnone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Rate by Carrier Within e Evemne Star ai d Sunday Stat nys) per month v only ., Sunday only " | ivel e400 All Other States and Canada and Sunday. | yr 00: § mo.. §1.00 on . 12.00: . 1¥ry 8800 1mo. T8¢ day only il 3500: 1 mo.. 50¢ mo.. 4 Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exciusive:y entities to the ure for 1epublication of all news Cis- patches credited to it or not otherwise crid- ited in this paper and also the icca) news published herein. Al rights of publicatin of #Decial dispatches heiein are also — veserved Blocking Business. March is within hailing distance and still the tariff bill clogs the way in the Senate. The end of the dchate on this measure is not yet definitely in sight. For a “limited revision” of the tariff, the length of the discussion ap- pears quite unlimited. The Senate has become the great forum of politics. New parties are set up; coalitions are formed, and still the American people are compelled to wait the pleasure of the Upper House. Debate is valuable when it is informative and corrective. But, afteg all, there are limits beyond which debate ceases to be anything but a clog on the wheels of legislation. That point has been reached in the con- sideration of the tariff bill. Representative Tilson, the Republi- can leader of the House, and the other House leaders admit that the situation is becoming alarming. The House has put through a majority of the great annual supply bills for the running of the Government during the next fiscal year. But they have not been acted upon in the Senate. Tariff has the right of way in that body—except when politics steps in. The bill for the trans- fer of prohibition enforcement from the Treasury to the Department of Justice in the interest of greater effi- ciency in the enforcement of the law has been passed by the House and is now awaiting consideration in the Sen- ate judiciary committee. The argu- ment of the Senators has been that even committee consideration of the prohibition enforcement program must await final disposition of the tariff in the Senate itself. And now a proposal is advanced that the Senate judiciary committee shall investigate the en- forcement officers, charged with the duty of seeing that the liquor laws are not violated and if they are violated that the violators shall be punished. In some quarters this proposal is re- garded merely as a plan to delay action on the prohibition enforcement legis- lation, now awaiting consideration. ‘The Senate did turn aside from the oonsideration of the tariff bill for three or four days last week to discuss the nomination of Chief Justice Hughes. ‘The great objectors knew at the time that their objections would not pre- vail. But here was a chance to seek Ppolitical advantage, to launch a cam- paign, even though it involved r.hel Bupreme Court itself. It is a tradition that political party control falls when times become hard. It does not seem possible that the most determined opposition to the present administration would lend itself to fostering a situation that would bring hard times. Yet it is a fact that busi- ness in America waits on tariff legis- lation. It is so whenever tariff legis- lation is undertaken. It.is more than & year now since the House ways and means committee began work on the lapse of the Tardieu ministry, how- ever, leaves France without any effective represcntation at London, although its present delegation there may carry on temporarily as observers and non-au- thoritative delegates. A new ministry will probably be formed by ths week end. 50 that there is Lkely to be little delay at London after all. If, however, there should be difficulty in forming a new ministty, if the opposition should block all efferts to maks a working combina- tion for the national administration and & government of definitely opposing views should eventually be created, the London meeting would be seriously at- fected and the conferance might con- i ceivably fail. | The French system of government is I'ment of th> French people. | chan its frequent turnovers, its s rapid progress along definite constructive lines | cifficult. Yet France “carries on” and | mects the real crises in national life ef- | fectively. In this councry, with a fixed | tenure of administration and with po- ! litical partisans groupsd nto two major | parties between which the elections are | controlled and decided, with infre- quent oceasions when third-party groups hold the balance of power, government | overturns are rare and comparatively | harmless as affects the national wel- | fare. i Extension of Retirements. | The Federal Government merely | cuts off its nose to spite its face in enforcing a blanket and arbitrary rule| governing the limit of extensions under retirement. After August 20, 1930, as the law noe’ reads, no employe can be retained in service beyond the age of retirement for more than four years. The retirement ege varies with the type 51 service. But so varying is the effect of age upon individuals, and so vary- ing is the value of individuals to the Government that a mandatory and in- flexible rule fixing four years beyond retirement age as the limit of efficient | service is apt to prove a boomerang and accomplish more harm than good. The law was evidently framed to get around the admitted difficulty of retir- ing superannuated employes whose pos- sible influence and whose appeals to sentiment acted to retain them in the service after their usefulness to the Government was at an end. But the fact that the law will work to the dis- advantage of the Government in some cases is evidenced by moves for its amendment backed by such agencies as the Civil Service Commission, the Bu- | reau of Efficiency, the Bureau of the Budget, the Board of Retirement Ac- tuaries and others. - Some of the de- partments and independent establish- ments of the Government are averse to amending the law, but examination of the theory of retirement systems, as well as the many deserving cases that present themselves, indicates that the subject should be considered and de- cided on its merits alone. Retirement should affect two classes | of persons—first, those who should be ' retired for disability, and in some cases | age alone constitutes a disability; sec- ond, those who, having served a suffi- cient number of years, are eligible for | optional retirement. A sufficient number of cases exist to| show that it is a real disadvantage to the Government service, as well as con- trary to reason, to say that at a certain age a man is no longer fit or able to perform the duties of which years and ripe experience have made him master. An article in Sunday's Star discussed a few of the specific cases in which compulsory retirement will react to the disadvantage of the Government. The Interstate Commerce Commission'’s fore- most authority on the cause of railroad accidents, James E. Howard, must re- tire next August under the law, al- though his superiors and those familiar with the work that he has performed have characterized the prospective loss as an “official calamity.” Henry L. Bryan, editor of the Federal Statutes and a well known and beloved Wash- ingtonian, is another prospective victim pending tariff bill. During all that time American industry has been at sea regarding the final outcome of the legis- lation. The House passed the bili and sent it to the Senate more than half & year ago, and in the Upper House it still hangs fire. It is a contribution toward stabilizing conditions in this country which Congress is in a position to make, provided the Senate will vote. ‘The Senate can be led to the brink of the legislative pool, but it is difficult to make it drink therefrom. . Statesmen who hold out hints of a political revolution under certain condi- tions do not inspire great fear. A republic is supposed to be expertly de- signed to go on functioning securely regardless of an occasional political wevolution. ——e— Preserving a characteristic calm, Mr. Charles E. Hughes does not question the right of the United States Senate to some dissenting opinions. —— e An error sometimes endears as an evidence of common human fallibility. Nobody blames the weather man when & predicted blizzard neglects to arrive, —— e France Changes Again. ‘The instability of Prench ministeries has become traditional. The average life of a vernment” in that country is only a few months, owing to the facil- ity with which adverse votes are cast and combinations are broken. Yesterday the ‘Tardieu ministry, organized about three months ago, was defeated on a question of confidence by the slender margin of five votes—286 to 281. The immediate issue turned upon a financlal meas- ure with relation to a ministerial refusal to accept an increase in pensions for the widows of officers and soldiers killed during the World War. This adverse ‘vote merely means that the opponents of the Tardieu government found a ques- tion upon which it was possible to mus- ter a bare majority. A new ministry will be formed, pos- sibly, it is indicated, by Tardieu himself, perhaps by Poincare, who has canceled his engagements for a trip to South America. He has now recovered from his recent illness and it Is quite possible that he will return to political activity and In this “crisis” consent to undertake | the difficult task of forming a govern- ment. It is suggested that if he does not take the premiership he will join Tar- dieu and serve as a minister. Were it not for the Lo | ence on Naval Reéuction { po particular interest in t! Yamentary | n Confer- of the law. David B. McLeod, editor of the Federal Budget; Frank Bond, chair- man of the United State Geographic Dr. Willlam Tindall, information officer at the District Building, and many others whose years spent in pub- lic service have given them unique equipment will be affected by this in- exorable prevision of law, the workings of which in reality should be left to the discretion of the authorities. The Smithsonian Institution and the De- partment of Agriculture stand to lose the services of sclentists whose re- searches should never be curbed by the passage of a fixed number of years. The retirement act should be further amended to allow individual cases of extensions to be decided on their merits. 1f the leeway sought is embarrassing to administrative officials, it would appear that such a difficulty could be solved by placing extension in service beyond the four-year limit in the hands of a board or committee constituted so that suitable investigations could be made and decisions reached after weighing the pros and cons necessarily Involved | in each case, e i Literary censorship has been frequent- ly attempted. Shrewd publishers and | book sellers do not seriously object to it | in view of the market it creates by means of unusual publicity. Censorship | unfortunately arouses more curiosity than indignation., —————— The Thomas Circle Mystery. It would seem as though with the traffic light system in vogue at Dupont Circle in operation for more than a year the motorists of Washington would have become sufficiently familiar with its workings to enable them to meet a similar situation at Thomas Oircle, upon the establishment of an identical set of lights, without confusion or com- plication. But, no! With the turning on of the current at Thomas Circle in practically the same conditions as at Dupont Circle a few blocks west, there bas been a series of jams and compl requiring the greatest patience and skil in unravelment and involving all drivers enmeshed in them in prove delays and some damage to fei and running boards. Dupont Circle lies just six west of Thomas Circle, about mile. They both are on the Massachusetts avenue, one of heavily traveled arteries of the city. ok THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTOR, p. ®, FUESDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 198 ; —_— e ]\A more dificult at Dupont Oircle than at Thomas. Yet with a year of experience at the more westerly point, some thousands of motorists have during the past two days acted as though the light system at Thomas 1 Circle were some new and strange and |insolvably complicated puzzle. | It may be that there are many motor- ,ists who use Fourtcenth street and M etreet and Vermont avenue who do | (DOt use Massachusetts avenue or P | street or New Hampshire avenue or | Nineteenth strect—that is to say, | motorists who negotiate Thomas Circle who never tou¢h Dupont. That, how- | ever, is almost inconceivable. It is & thousand to one that practically all of the drivers who have been tangled up I perhaps entirely suited to the tempera- | in the Thomas Circle jams of these L0 | days past have at some time or other | rounded Dupont Circle and become ac- “erises” upon fmmaterial issucs render | quainted with fts system of lights. So then here is a mystery of motor- Ing ronduct. The psychologist who re- cently wrote a work entitled “Why We Behave Like Humen Beings” might well study this passing local condition | to get a mew slant upon the motorist mind in relation to colored lights. -t Relics of the Past. A little time ago some Spanish trav- elers in Morocco came across signs of & prehistoric skeleton. What appeared to be the bones of a dinosaur were in evi- dence in a bank of earth. Distinct curves were observable, strongly sugges- tive of the ribs of a species of this crea- ture heretofore known only in the Rocky Mountains. excavation they abandoned their re- search and reported their find to Madrid. A scientific mission was organized and dispatched acress the straits to the. scene of the discovery. A very little probing, with due care to prevent break- age, brought to light the fact that the “ribs” of the dinosaur were not bones at all, but were the curved iron teeth of a hay-making machine of dec\dtdl)’! modern creation. With true scientific reserve the investigators from Madrid have refused positively to identify the “remains,” pending further investiga- tion. It 18 true that the excavated por- tions bear traces of the trade mark of a well known Chicago manufacturer of agricultural implements, but not until the entire “creature” is dug out of the bank will the probers into the past give it a definite identification. The theory tentatively entertained is that this machine was the property of a Spanish farmer who, during the Riff ‘War of 1917, abandoned his agricultural machinery and fled to safer quarters. That Winter was marked by heavy rains and it is probable that the machine was enveloped in a land-slip. At any rate, whatever the cause, there are the “ribs” and there also is the name of the Chi- cago manufacturer. In a way the “find” is almost as interesting as would have been that of a genuine dinosaur, whether of the Rocky Mountain variety or other- wise. To excavate a Chicago haymaker from the fringes of the Sahara Desert is an achievement, even though the r!hc! does not go into a museum. ———— Intense public interest is manifested in matters of economic importance. Homicide mysteries have become 8o nu- merous that the reader is inclined to neglect them for the greater mysteries involved in history makin — et — Eminent personages can be shielded in some degree from inconsiderate pho- tographers, but they cannot be protect- ed from the pictures of them sometimes drawn by other eminent personages in the heat of debate. — e No further reason need be assigned by Calvin Coolidge for a leisurely trip, including sojourns in Florida and Cali- fornia, than one of those good old- fashioned New England Winters, - ——— Imprisonment for life for a fourth offense arouses peculiar anxlety in the mind of the violator of prohibition laws who has taken chances on four thou- sand or more offenses, o SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Bold Fisherman, ‘The fisherman again is home. ‘The tribe is gay And hopes he will not care to roam ‘Toward them another day. With seriousness those things are fraught ‘That occupy the sea. ‘To battleships he'll now give thought And let the sallfish be. The sallfish is a creature great; ‘Yet when the tale is done, We don't find scales of armor plate Nor weigh him by the ton. And in the days now passing by ‘With duties all their own, For bigger sport he'll have to bry And let small fry alone. Saying What He Thinks, “I am here to say what I think," thundered Senator Sorghum. “But you aren't saying anything at al!” “Not yet. Before a man undertakes to say what he thinks, he wants to let his emotions settle and make sure that he really is thinking.” Jud Tunkins says it'’s a mistake to laugh at every little blunder. It's what is encouraging too many humorists. Maghematical Statesmanship. nd say, “Now study that!” Consistent. e you a wet or a dry?” “But you enjoyed an occasional glass the old days.” “I never bragged about it in public and I always advised against it, same as I do now.” “PFlattery,” sald Hl Ho, the sage of g Chinatown, “is the imitation gem mis- taken for the priceless jewel of honor.” Inside Information. ‘The X-ray man's & jolly elf. He says, “You ought to see yourself And give more time to the direction Of thought on lines of introspection.” Dupont has virtually two icar lince ewouldbe |on a part of the periphejy, wherer- dog A latest par- | Thomas Circle has only one, completin; of a watch dog is d to be unpopu- overtum in France, Fhe col- the ciroult, Conditions iz act are & lax wif de wrong kind o' nelghbors,” “Tain’ no use talkin’ to me agin my said Uncle Ebs “De right kind With inadequate means of | George Sand's “Little Fadette” was a favorits book on the parlor tables of the '803 and '90s in this country. | There was a desire on the part of the average cultured person to appear up to date by having a French novel or two, but no householder wanted to risk exactly the sort that had made them | famous arcund the world. o the compromise was made on “Little Fadetie” (La Petite Fadette), often called “‘Fanchon the Cricket” in | tran-lation. Today it is mot so easy {lo get a copy of this well told story. The best edition we know of is that of the Scholartis Press, translated by | Hamish Miles. ( Devil's Pool.” It has more plot to it. | more real character study, and lacks the fairy tal> atmosphere which dis- tinguishes that delightful peasant story. It is long enough to merit the title of short novel. After all, a novel ought to have some length. There is a sense of insufficiency felt by the average reader in a skimpy story, which 1o sooner begins than it ends. Proper narrative flow, it would seem, demands that a certain quantity of mere words be interposed between the beginning and the ending. While there Is no doubt that a master hand can make something great out of little, it is unquestionably true that the average novelist runs'a better chance of suc- cess with a long work than with a short one. Think over the great fiction pieces of the world from “Don Quixote” down, and you will realize that bulk has had something, at least, to do with their success. Not only does the passage of | time required in the reading give the reader the impression of the passage of time in the story, but he is above all made to feel that these characters and these scenes are worth lingering with. He is affected by the stabilizing power of quantity, whether he realizes it or not, and whether he wants it to affect him or not. ok x great stories, and as such ought to be read by every one who wants to have some sort of grasp of one of the world's most delightful art forms, The novel, the tale, the romance, has held its own now for many years, and at this writing there would seem to be no indication whatever of a loss of prestige. 1t is true that blography has cut into its field in the past 10 years great as it seems at first. The vast popularity of the novel has led to a tremendous output throughout the world. For many years there were a great many more novels published than all the other types of together. nothing to obliterate all except a few. Each gen- eration knew its “popular novelists,” who wrote and sold thousands of coples, but whose names and works were fated to oblivion just the same, Only the great names are left. When ‘we come to our author of the moment, we have just & handful of her 80 ranks high It is a good story, in the first place, because it deals with twins. ere always has been something mysterious, unusual, about human twins. Five pupples or kittens as alike as peas in a pod are normal, but two"identical twins strike humanity as distinctive, Landry and Sylvanet, the two peasant boys of “The Little Fadette, alike that even their own mother rcely can tell them apart. But the st is a normal boy, whercas the :!'(;(md is given to a selfish love for his win. “Little Fadette” is good, in the second place, because it manages to fool the reader as to the plot. This Is not done in the modern manner of a detective ANISH COMMERCIAL RE- VIEW, Copenhagen.—The cli- mate and the soil of Denmark offer especially favorable nat- ural conditions for the culti- vation of good malt grain. And through long number of years a considerable quantity of this grain has been ex- ported, particularly to Germany, Great Britain and Norway. Fifty years ago the Royal Danish Agricultural Society started a work of research and investi- gation for the promotion of the home cultivation of malt barley, and this work continued for some 20 years. An annual malt barley exhibition was held in connection therewith. Danish malt barley has also distinguished itself in the finest manner in foreign competi- tion wherever it has been shown abroad, among other places in Magdeburg in 1884 and repeatedly in England. After the beginning of the new century the exhibition of Danish malt barley ceased, as having reached a standard which met the claims of the brewing industry to a fitting degree. As is well known, however, develop- ments in recent years have brought about a shagpening of the demand, so that now essentlally greater importance is attached to characteristic of quality than was formerly the case. There has thus again arisen as an undeniable ne- cessity to set in operation a directional work aiming at the bringing of the malt barley cultivation of the country into the best possible accordance with the present-day claims of the brewing in-| 0 dustry, which demand a greater purity, nnar proteid content and lowered fer- mentative puw:tl:lll:. i Children Stage Vehicular Meet. El Telegrafo, Quayaquil—This paper gave, at the Plaza de Toros, a grand vehicular meet for the children of the city. The events were open to children from 4 to 14, in various classes. We published photos of all the prize win- ners. ‘The contestants rode tricycles, bicycles, tandems, automobilettes, hand- cars, push-cars and roller skates. It looked as if every child in Guayaquil was on wheels. " Prizes were: given the winners in each contest, and sand- wiches, cakes and refreshing drinks were given the children by the Cafe la Universal. Parents of most of the children at- tended and enjoyed the performances and excitement as much as the little ones. * koK K Constitutional Reforms Order of Day. El Mercurio, Santiago.-—Consti- tutional reform is the order of the day in practically every nation on earth that can justly be considered a nation. This, mainly, is the finding of the oper equilibrium between the execu- fle and the legislative powers. In our own country this bringing of the gov- ernment up-to-date is evidenced in the substitution of the constitution of 1925 for the superannuated constitution of 1833, This is no reflection upon the first real constitution of our country, how- ever. Any constitution that lasts & cen- tury with scarcely any modifications is & good constitution, but in the course of such & lont period conditions, both within and without the nation, change so radically that old provisions are no lona:r adequate, and in the case of Chile were the cause of perturbations h the country, In neral, constitutional reforms, rticularly in republics, have elevated mclet N‘h& gislative body, to an extraterritorial authority, It not only a deliberative body, like the Chamber of Deputies, but lurporu and guides the chief executive in matters of foreign policy and international re- lation. All' other countries, too, have adopted a system of proportional rep- resentaifon, Developments of the World War ne- cessitated radical changes in the This 18 a better told tale than “The | “Little Fadette” is one of the wnrld'a!:n held by all to be older and therefore | but so many of the biographies are | simply novels that the inroad is not so | books put | In this stream of fiction there was | it but that time would | novels. Among these “Little Plde!te"1 are 50| cons uu;‘l‘um" THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL, story, but simply through the natural seanance of events. Ninety-nine readers out of a hundred, | picking up a Prench story about twins, | would expect to find the two falling in |love with the same girl. | The reader of “Little Fadette” con- | stantly expects this to happen, and ‘!hrn. as the story nears its close, gives up the expectation. But the page he gives it up, the expected begins to| | happen! | Yet np one must think that the love | story of Fanchon the Cricket (the little Fadette) and her Landry is threatened | thereby. 1t is much too late in the story for that! the gentlemanly Sylvanet | simply takes himself off to the Napole- onic wars, and stays with them forever, so _far as the happy couple Is concerned. | For the little Fadette was a charmer, |as the author admits, and as all the characters admit. In her youth she was poor, ugly, thin, and so dark in com- | plexion that the village nicknamed her “the Cricket.” She was that ugly. Misjudged by the villagers, she turned upon them in rebuke and ridicule, be- coming the butts of their jokes and ridicule in return. Landry and Sylvanet hated her, and as far as any one else could tell she despised them. As a'matter of fact, she (had fallen quite in love with Landry { when she was 13 years old, but the au- thor manages to keep this out of the | record until the proper time, of course. | By doing so she achieves one of the best strokes of the story. * ok ok x The transformation of this poor, homely little girl into a beautiful and | charming young woman, through the power of love, is the central theme. It is doubtful if any but a French writer | could work it out so well, I,y The pastoral drama is built around thé opposition of Landry’s father to the match which he is determined upon !making at last. The French peasant ifather is the head of the house in a sense that America has forgotten. He | wiser, and the household defers to his | judgment at all times, | _The happy climax comes when little | Fadette finds a bag of gold beneath the floor of her grandmother's hut, after | the old lady has passed on. The scene in which she takes the gold to Father Barbeau and asks him to invest it for (her is a sterpiece. The reader sces | the old man gasping as he realizes that this supposedly penniless girl is now one of the richest persons in the village. It i€ amazing the way his respect for the girl increases, but the thing is { worked out so well that it all appears | perfectly natural, especially when the. | reader “takes into consideration the universal theme of all French fiction, the covetedness of the peasants. “Little Fadette” has a wealth of peasant tradition in it. Perhaps it is ‘mpossible to understand the French {temper at all without having some comprehension of the basic stratum of | the national life. Many French authors |rather overdo the picturization of the | peasants, Ttm{ make them out veri- | table demons of the soil. | It is pleasant, therefore, and probably | & great deal nearer the truth, to know the gocd peasants of George Sand's “Little Fadette.” They must be true. |88 far as they go. Here we have them at church and at their dances on the green sward immediately after the| services. We see them at play and at | work, and are amazed to discover that in essentials they are just like other human beings. Fanchon, the little Padette, may make |long speeches, but aside from that little |blemish she is a charming young lady, | especially commendable because she ran | her own beauty parlor and became so | satisfactory to mankind from such hum- ble beginnings. We feel sure that the world ought to reprint and read more the deft story which George Sand wove about her adventures. Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands stitutions df nearly all foreign coun- tries. The functions of government dif- fer in them all in many interesting particulars, but they are unanimous in the respect that the chief executive must have the accord ot the Chambers, and thus derivatively of the people, be- fore he can proceed with any public measures. It would be well for us to study the functioning of all the different types of republic, that we may avoid the de- fects of some and adopt the advantages of others, when it comes, as it must, in the course of the years, to further revi- sions of our own constitution in the in- terests of harmony and the obsolescence of eonflict. * ok k% Turkish Women Emerge From Chrysalis. Les Nouvelles Yougoslaves, Belgrade.— The liberty of women! Behold a con- summation worthy of all admiration, an attainment of which our age and civilization may well be proud! Even the Turkish -women are emerging from the chrysalis in which they have been confined for ages. What progress this is! There has been nothing in all the centurles that have gone before, in the history of man, to compare with it. How horrible was the former con- dition of women! The poor things had to stay at home, ensconced upon silken cushions, eating cake and rais- ing children, their beauty forced to bloom within four walls, not able to seen by any one except the brutal and fealous husband. No wonder poor women used to complain! is changed. The house alone and goes where she pleases. In five min- utes, by auto or tram, she finds herselt in a neighborhood where no one knows her, but where every one notices her, especially if she is good-looking, young and well dressed. What woman does not enjoy this new-found independence, whether her little journey is of a senti- mental order, or along the prosaic and practical lines of business! Nor is it only the pretty women who profit by their liberty. = Others, the serlous, the ambitious dames, can do, too, just mbout what they want. There 1s not much difference any longer be- A woman may become a doctor, lawyer, professor, or even a legislator. She can write books, interview editors and take the initiative in many other activities where woman's foot never trod before, In short, woman has entered fully into man's domain, d is so fully occupied, either with her diversions or with _her work, that she is scarcely ever home, and has absolutely no time for children. A baby is a burden to a modern woman. ‘The numbers of women without bables increase daily. In acquiring liberty, women have lost their families! Give Delegates Time. From the Ralelgh News and Observer. Frank H. Simonds says the Naval Conference is “now in the silly stage.’ !ut‘nw“tall hn;';‘n'r. y&t become u:c qual s lve them time and the will become deadly serious. . Supreme Indifference, Prom the St. Louls Globe-Democrat, A majority of citizens can accept with supreme indifference the recom- mendation by Secretary Mellon that colmsa of $2.50 gold coins be discon- tinued. To Please Mayor Thompson. | ®rom the Indlanapolis Star. ‘While the d tes arc over in Lon- don they mij something to dis- ish “Am " from “God Save tween men and women of the world. | NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM L G. M. THE MEANING OF CULTURE. John Cowper Powys. W. W. Norton & Co. Among the oldest of storles, told in many and diverse ways of speech. The story of him who ransacked the ecarth for a hidden treasure of wide renown. And did not find it. Home again— strange happening!—upon his own doorsill lay that which, far and wide, he had so sedulously, and vainly, wlfim. joralists and lesson-mongers, up to tale_to foster contentment, to still {shuffiing feet overrea be off and |away, to hold back ger breast riding so hard the galling yoke of ad- monition and restraint. But—it is a thin story that does not hold at least two lessons, if lesson be {the end-all. Let us shake this familiar { one again for another possible outcome. | And here it is. Listen: Is it not likely that if this seeker had stayed at home he never would have discovered the treasure actually lying under foot? Had he not fared out, had he not taken upon his tongue the many savors of life—the honey and the gall, the sweet and the bitter of a world so breath- lessly beautiful, so monstrously terrible —if these together had not worked within him as a new knowledge, new | values, new feelings, would he have | found, ever, that precious thing, so long {unseen and undivined? * k¥ * Here comes John Cowper Powvs. In his scrip that old-new tale of the far quest and the nearby finding. And now he is undoing the budget that he car- ried n his scrip. Within it lies the treasure—culture, A thing to be ex- amined, tasted, weighed, applied—and, just maybe, captured. A hypnotizing word, “culture” A | word misty in its own’ nebulae, all in a flux and flow of shift and change | and quick elusion. et it casts its spell not only over him who already has | some little grip upon its substance, but | over him as well to whom it is yet but a goal of desire. Often do we handle this magic word, passing it from palm to palm from right to left, in a way of measuring it. of appraising the reality within. Is it learning that makes culture? No, not learning alone, as many a one solidly compact of erudi- tion gives sorry evidence. 1s it wealth? No, not wealth alone, nor travel alone, nor high company alone. None of these by itself. And, maybe, not all of them together, even, can discover and claim this treasure. * % X ¥ % “I'm searching for culture, John Powys. Where shall I find it and this very day, make use of that ancient | Any reader can get the answer to any quemyon by writing to our_Information Bureau in Washington, D. C. This offer applies strictly to information. The bureau cannot give advice on legal, | medical and financial matters. It does not attempt to settle domestic troubles, nor undertake exhaustive research on |any subject. Write your question plainly and briefly. Give full name and address and Inclose 2 cents fn coin or stamps for return postage. The reply is sent direct to the inquirer. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J, Haskin, director, Washing- ton, D. C, Q. What is the strongest radio station in the United States?—J. J. A. The Federal Radio Commission says the largest stations for broadcast- ing programs are 50,000-watt stations. Such stations as WGY WEAF, and KDKA are the highest powered stations operating in the United States. The General Electric Co., however, has a short-wave station 2XCG, which is 200,- 000 watts, but this is used only for experimental purposes. Q. Please give the meaning of the A. Quantico means dancing, or place of frolic. Occoquan means hook-shaped or a hook. Q. What are considered the best pictures of 1929?—F. L. G. Such a selection must be based to some extent on personal opinion. The following, however, were listed by the Film Daily as the best ten pictures of 1929, as selected by 327 critics throughout the country: “Disraell,” “Broadway Melody,” “Madame X,” “Rio Rita,” “Gold Diggers of Broadway,” Bulldog Drummond,” “In Old Arizona,” “The Cock-Eyed Wt Mrs. Cheyney,” and “Hallelujah.” Q. How many Jewish farmers are there in the United States>—H. T. A. The Jewish Agricuitural Society has estimated that there are 80,000 Jewish farmers operating a million acres of farm land. It is largely due to the efforts of this organization that the number is so large. Thirty years ago, at the time of its inception, there were barely a thousand Jews on Amer- fcan farms. The Agricultural Soclety not_only offers scientific advice, but lends money and assists the farmers in many instances in securing a suit- able location. Q. How many veterans are now on the pension rolls?—C. W. 8. A. On December 31, 1929, there wefe 472,917 old soldiers on the pen- slon rolls of the Bureau of Pensions. how?” And he answered me, “Would you know it if you were to meet it face to face out on the open road or in the shadows of some lone by-path? Would you know its face, its mien, that which it was holding out to you with free and giving hand? Would you?” “I fear that it 1 were so to meet that benign being, John Powys, I would not be aware of it.” “Sit here with me"— and hé began to finger the scroll that was slipping from his scrip, *x ok x | And that was the way of it. In such company and under such guidance I was led out to meet this long-sought being, to learn to identify it by its na- ture well as by name alone. Upon this adventure, John Powys led me through p hilosophies, old and new, into literature and_poetry, into paint- ing and religion. Oh, not for any deep plumbing of these! Rather for a re- gathering of them for readier seizure of the spirit of culture that had hous- ing within them. Rather, for a re- harvesting of their fragrances and es- sences, for their breathings of beauty 80 subtly penetrating as to sink deep into the inmost of the person himself ~—into you and me standing by and ‘waiting—maybe unconsciously, but wait- ing, nevertheless, for the enrichment which these things offer, which such wide visions of life secure. A great adventure. A quiet man, this one in whose company I am. A gentle-voiced man, waywise to the thoughts of genius everywhere, at home with great human revelations. A good deal of a poet, besides—a_ quite fearless poet who dares to be either a believer or an unbeliever, who dares—if war- rant there be—to stand apart from the many or to draw near to the lone one Patient, too—infinitely patient toward everything in God's great world —save only toward cruelty in its countless evil ways. And toward that he is savage. An amaszing-.and beau- tiful outgoing, this one with John Cowper Powys. And coming back home—there it was, the treasure. Or, at least, there was the source of it, the seed of it right in my own hand, right in your own hand. This wide journeying made it un- mistakably clear that culture is an in- dividual concern. It does not come by class or caste or formal rote, It is not in hiding across the world. It is, instead, exavtly where we are, you and L It is within that deep self of which we are so conscious. Soul, if you will, Ego, if you choose. In either case it is the very inmost of each of us, that self so dimly conscious of the wonder of life, so quivering with the reality of the unreal, sensing faintly the far and mystic as the near and familiar. The seed of religion, philosophy, all art, including the art of life itself—all here, ready to open out under the enrich- ing miracle and loveliness of life into appreciations of aching poignancy, into comprehensions of vast significance. * ok ox o From this adventure so rich in ex- perience, so vital in its personal appli- cation, John Cowper Powys settles to task—to the pleasurable task, it is plain—of bringing the fruits of this out- faring right up to the daily matter of being alive. What will this cultural expansion have to do with human hap- piness—with love, with the many rela- tions existing among men, business re- lations, social, whatnot? 'How will it affect one's interest in nature and what enrichment will it bring to such in- terest? How will it influence reading, in the choice of this, in its reception, in the ripening and mellowing that it grants and converts into stronger and more beautiful behaviors toward the rest of the world? And, as warning, here are set down some of the hin- drances to the free growth in culture. You know these. They are on every hand. Better stay by the illuminating things that Mr. Powys, out of his own culture and wisdom, out of his own in- sight, has to say about the finding and the cherishing of this great treasure. You know, a poet can be as prac- tical as the next one, This poet is. He says plain things that go right against the most of our respected pre- possessions. But, testing these, in as much of honesty and unbias as one can, in the face of old lessons, these opinions may give us shock and pain, but—I leave it to you—if he, along with & few other greatly daring ones, is not right and we wrong. You not be able to read this book—this very noble and right and beautiful book —without becoming more honest, with yourself. Not ible. And we need to be more honest ahd more courageous. ‘Take the family—I know just what & sacrosanct institution this is, and, in ® sense, it should be that by virtue of its' stability, of its collective barrier against many an untoward onset, of its warm and comfortable quality, of its thousand endearing implications. And yet 1t is within this institution that an ingrained tyranny exists—that “for our own ” theory, that “fathes nows best,” “mether knows best"-—all of which in & pure parental passion of well-dolng makes the family for those growing up the least free, the least truly developing, the least self- sustaining of all institutions that have been so proudly and laboriously established. Understand, John Powys does not devote an undue amount of time and weight to this particular topic. He does take it up fearlessly and plain- ly. I think I'm the one that'is here stepping rather hard upon it. I see lit all the time. So do you. We are all too self-satisfied, too ‘lazy and too unintelligent in the long run to taks \ Of this number 183,310 were Spanish American Veterans, 55,716 were Civil War Veterans; and the remainder were regular service men, and veterans of the Indian Wars. . What are the names of the Three Wise Monkeys?>—J. W. A. A. The Little Apes of Nikko are | Mizaru, who sees no evil: Kikazaru, who hears no evil, and Mazaru, who speaks no evil, QW How long is the Kongo Rive "A. It 1s about 2,900 miln- Q. What is the ceremon; ing a battleship?—L. J. A. It is the custom for the ing party to stand upon a stant that the vessel starts toward the water the sponsor breaks a bottle of champagne—or, since prohibition, water —against the bow, pronouncing the name of the ship and saying “I name beside the ship's stem and at the in- | inj ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN, boil, s this the same as pasteurizing it?—E. V. B, A. Raw milk brought to a boil is not, correctly speaking, pasteurized milk However, that is about as well as can be done in the home, since the house~ hold equipment does not permit the |milk to be boiled any length of time withost impairing the flavor or scorch- ing it. Q. Is there a complete separation be. tween church and state In Chile? M. B. T. A. The final payment due the church under the separation agreement pro- vided for by the constitution in 1925 has been paid. Q. Is Henry Handel Richardson an Englishman?—T. H, A. The author of “Ultima Thule” i5 an Australian woman, born in Mel- bourne. . How many times does & person breathe each minute?—H. B. A. The average adult breathes 15 to 18 times a minute. Q. Please name some pieces of furni- ture which are purely American in type. Indian names, Quantico and Occoquan. |—S. N. R. P. B A. The butterfly table, the comb- backed Windsor chair and the rocking chair originated in America, Q. Did the first Mrs, Theodore Roosevelt die at the same time as Theodore Rcosevelt’s mother?—S. D. A. The first Mrs. Roosevelt died Oc- tober 14, 1884, within a few hours of the .death of President Roosevelt's mother, Q. Whit was Beethoven's last com- position?—P, B. A. Tt is not possible to say. We find a reference, dated December 2, 1826, which concerns music now preserved in the Royal Library at Berlin. This is sometimes mentioned as Beethoven's last composition. On March 27, 1827, the composer wrote of “a symphony completely sketched lying in my desk, as well as & new overture and other ings.” was Beethoven's tenth symphony. Q. Who named the American flag ;01d grlory“? Where is he buried?— A. William Driver gave this name to the flag. He is buried in Nashville, Q. Was there a famous actor many years Bnn by the name of John Gilbert? -1, A. John Gilbert (real name Gibbs) was a popular actor, born at Boston in 1810, died there in 1889. Among his best roles were Sir Anthony Resolute, Sir Peter Teazle and Mr. Hardcastle, He gave, writes Willlam Winter, the best performance of Caliban ever seen in Amerioa. Q. How many magnolia trees are there in Mountain Lake Sanctuary?— . P, . There are 2,000 magnolia trees and 1,500 dogwood trees in this garden. More than a million trees, shrubs and flowers have transformed this waste of sand into one of the lovellest spots in the world. | Q. Why was the word “sampler” ap- . 'plied to & certain kind of cross-stitch needlework?—L. G. W. A. The word is derived from an old " English word meaning “original® or “model.” A sampler was supposed to exhibit various patterns for future copy- ™ Q. Who supplied the building which houses the Gorgas Memorial Institute? —D. M. A. The Republic of Panama pre- sented the institute with a building thee in Lh_e name of the United States.” Q. If raw milk is brought to.a brisk l:nflflnll.ly erected as a school of medi- cine. Army Man as Commissioner Stirs Vigorous Controversy -Wide national debate has followed the j announcement that President Hoover is in favor of making Maj. Gen. Herbert B. Crosby one of the Commissioners of the District of Columbia, upon his re- tirement from the Army. There are strong differences of opinion as to the probable results, One objection is that a retired Army officer cannot be con- sidered a civilian, required by law for the post. The Crosby selection, in the opinion of the Charleston Daily Mail, “repre- sents a real, sincere attempt enforce- ment by the President of the United States,” while the Manchester Union, holding that “there are precedents for the employment of military men as directors of public safety under one title or another,” states that “the British have not hesitated to follow this course, and Lord Byng, who won distinction in France, is now head of the London Police Department. On this side of the ocean,” continues the Union, “there have been similar instances, perhaps not marked by unvarying success, yet mak- ing a very fair avel of accomplish- ment. But the chances are that Presi- dent Hoover chose Gen. Crosby because he believed him fitted for the task rather than because he looked upon military service as a first considera- tion.” * ok ok ok “The action of Mr. Hoover,” as viewed by the Lexington Leader, “will appeal strongly to the best elements in the country, and Gen. Crosby will go into office with the best wishes and sincere sympathies of the whole Nation.” The Chattanooga News predicts that “he will make the fur fly,” and the Char- lotte Observer suggests that “the Presi- dent is minded to repeat in Washington the experiment in Philadelphia, where Gen. Butler of the Marine Corps tried the military hand to some success—at least put Philadelphia on the front pages.” The Observer adds that “the ‘Washington job appears to be one call- ing for military principles.” “Ultimate success cannot come through needless surrender to the auto- cratic principle,” avers the Memphis Commercial Appeal, while the St. Douls Globe-Democrat asks, “Is it a good thing for the Army to have its officers of either active or retired list mixed up in politics and other affairs of municipalities? “The protests,” thinks the New York ‘Times, “have come from sources which cannot possibly be s cted of inter- est in the free flow of bootleg liquor. ‘These people believe it was the intent of Congress, as it is the funda- mental American idea, that civilians with civillan methods shall manage our civic affairs. This is confirmed by ex- hold of this supreme matter with in- sight and outsight. I d we fall back upon “mother love” and “father ride” to support the weak case in and. ‘‘There is something about the parental’ ‘aura’—however kind and un- selfish her parents may be—that is deadly to a girl's nature”—I'll not go on with this. Tll do as John Powys does at this point—recommend to us all the reading of Dorothy Richardson for the subtlest possible understanding of this matter of children and parents, particularly the matter of girls and thelr mothers. I apologize for stressing & single point in & big book of rich thought, of wide cultural essence, of the cnlnT of many a genius in example and inspiration—but, after all, nothing is more vital to the culture and the happiness of the future than sincere attention to this matter of the family as the first source of such expanding ibllities as every human is made tter and stronger by finding and m.‘:‘!‘mok to d in joy—i read in in the joy of both agreeing and disagreeing. AJ zny noble book for one to return to, in spite and : ain. H s perience in, for example, both New York and Philadelphia.” The Charles- - !v't“xlnrgmm p%‘i’l?mx “x the Di 4 success! of is- trict, however impressive it might be of the possibilities of enforcing an un- popular law, would prove nothing as to what could be done in a self-governing community. It might be made the basis for an argument in favor of abol- ishing universal suffrage and of put- ting in the hands of the President supreme and dictatorial authority to enforce prohibition by military ‘rule. * * * The sacrifice of political lib- erty would be, in the eyes of drys, & small price to pay for the enforce- ment of a law which is unenforceable among a free people.” 4 “Several generals, and even an ad- miral or two,” advises the New Orleans Item, “might not be too many to han- dle the problem of wet Washington, from all we hear and read. Gen. Crosby will retire to civilian life in March. He won't have the Army behind him, unless it be that ‘army of righteous ublic opinion® of which we often hear ut rather seldom see in action. Any- thing may be expected if he invades friendly little parties of Congressmen and their appointees in the bureaus, Irritates major statesmen in connection with traflic rules, or gets fussy about what becomes of sundry importations to the various embassies.” Anyhow, it will be interesting at watch.” * ok ok “Along with the problem of enforcing the dry law el ks the St. Louls Post-Dispatch, “in a city drenched with embassy liquor, moonshine from the Maryland and Virginia hills, and varied products—Jamaica rum, Scotch from the Bahamas, Canadian bourbon and rye, tequilla from Me: t find their way through Cht e Bay to the Potomac—along with this problem, he must answer alarms and catch driv- ers who make left-hand turns. It is like asking him to take Gibraltar with a troop of saber-wielders.” Citing the form of government that is established in Washington, the Lynch- burg News, the Springfield Republican and the South Bend Tribune dé.enu the Crosby selection on the grounds=yat he will not be obliged to contend with such political conditions as existed when Gen. Butler was in charge in Philadelphia. The Louisville Times assumes that “it is not beyond the capacity of an honest civilian to handle such a situation as Washington presents,” but adds that “perhaps the President selected Gen. Crosby as an honest man, rather than because of his being a military officer.” Campaign Speakers Could Answer This From the New Orleans Item, On the stage ‘Washington. Our mind's eye sees a judge awaiting un- happlly on his rostrum with a pack of 1llustrious servants of the public weal in front of him. The job is to determine what is a_Republican. In the pack are bucolic Brookh: and urban Bill Thompson, standpat Moses and foot= loose Norris, Couzens and Vare, Smoot :‘ncd OI;undy. C'ouhu.m ‘a.nd Mellon, etc., 3 one of them is & blican, What are all the rest? T PUDLCAh When _the % Al Smith leads the line, Cannon at his coattalls, what's the any] on parade, with Bishop and—oh, well, use? What is a Democral & Republican, either? —— e What a Step Forward} Prom the Toledo Blade. It the naval conference wants & sat- isfacto: disarmamen ry exam| of t, let it turn’ back o g‘ the abolition of the ——— s e Others Just 5&.“.‘.%"" ¥rom the Rutland Daily of himgelt, in, o0 Jol [@ow ing of L ing iike 1t in imniediate and | But in Ameries are hungry. “M struggle on until X