Evening Star Newspaper, October 28, 1929, Page 8

MONDAY, OCTOBER 28, 1929. 3 THE _EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, e [ ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. THE ' EVENING STAR With Sunday Marning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.......October 28, 1920 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor ‘The Evening ?ur Newq::p« Company New Y ghicage Ofce: European Office. 'llt Regent 8t.. London, ‘Rate by Carrier Within the City. 45c per month 60¢ per month per month ic per copy ach menth, sent in by mall or telephone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginla, ilv and Sunday....1 5r. $1000: 1 mo.. 85 aily only . 21 yr., $8.00. 1 nio. e junday only . 1 ¥ $4.00: 1 mo.. 40c AT Other States and Canada. and Sunday..l yr. $12.00; 1 'mo., $1.00 Blndas om0 I 4300} 4 Mo 80e ‘Member of the Assoclated Press. The Assoctated Press I« exclusively enfitied 1o the use for republication of &il news dis- es credited to It or mot otherwise c1ed- In this paper and also the lacal news published herein. All riehts of pu pecial dis herein are als — Our Navy. ‘With no other phase of the strenuous public life which he so longadorned would ‘Theodore Roosevelt have preferred to have his name perpetuated than in con- nection with the United States Navy. “T, R."” was born on this day seventy- one years ago. Recurring 27ths of Oc- tober, since the American scene was bereft of his stimulating presence, have appropriately been dedicated to his memory. Again we celebrate Navy day and attune our thoughts to the national | defense ideals to which Roosevelt was Incorrigibly and passionately devoted. ‘The United States Government, under the leadership of President Hoover, is now engaged in negotiating another naval limitation agreement among the five sea powers signatory to the Wash- ington treaty, Americans do well at this Roosevelt anniversary hour to re- mind themselves that the President seeks limitation and reduction of arm: ment, not disarmament. Mr. Hoover does not believe in dis- armament in the literal sense of that term, which denotes abolition of de- fensive weapons. He is for peace, but he is not a pacifist. He doubtless longs for the day when all of America’s “swords” can be beaten into “plo ghares,” an inspiration at which he hint- ed in his Louisville address last week. But until the “mind” of the world, in Ramsay Macdonald's idiom, has been “re- furnished,” until the world is thoroughly ready to take what the prime minister calls “the risks of peace,” President Hoover is thoroughly conscious of the necessity to keep the United States on that “respectable defensive posture” rec- ommended by that other engineer-Pres- ident, George Washington, in the Fare- well Address. “Great Britain's navy is Great Britain itself!” exclaimed Mr. Macdonald in his ‘memorable speech before the Council on & Star hen 4 Sundays) X The Evening and Sunday Star Sundays) Department revenues, would necessitate rates here are too high now. penditures upon the existing scale of water rents, Water users in the Dis- are called upon to pay for the main- been a development over a long period of years, fostered by the protective tariff system. In the matter of the tariff the industries have had the better of it, and agriculture has not been benefited as has industry. The farmers of the West, who have been Republican and sup- ported the Republican party and its candidates for many years almost un- failingly, were led to believe last year that there was to be a new deal when it came to tariff writing by the Repub- lican Congress. Out in the agricultural West, how- ever, when the Hawley bill was put; through the House, the feeling grew | that industry in the East was injuring agriculture and also itself by its in- difference to the economic welfars of the farmer. Intense feeling has been aroused in certain sections. Of what use, say opponents of the bill, to raiss rates on farm products if at the same time rates are to be raised on the things that the farmer must buy? The farmer, under such conditions, would be no nearer economic parity with in- dustry than he was before. Senator Reed, Josph R. Grundy, president of the Pennsylvania Manu- facturers’ Association, and others are complaining bitterly because of the at- titude taken by Senator Borah and the rest of the Republicans who are op- posing the rates written into the bill by the House and the Senate finance committee. They may well take into consideration the feelings of these representatives of the farm States of the West when they have seen what they consider merely a continued in- equality for the agricultural West and the industrial East fostered by the pending legislation. ‘The Pennsylvania Senator complains that the farm bloc is trying to pull the industrial East down “until we are on a level of common misery.” He is wrong. What the Senators from the West are doing is to try to raise the agricultural West to a level of common prosperity with the industrial East. oot The Water Report. The most interesting feature of the proposed expansion program for the Water Department is the recommenda- tion that the capital expenditures, amounting to about $1.287.000, be drawn from the general fund of the District instead of from water revenues. ‘The report states that the money needed to make certain major addi- tions and improvements to the distri- bution system, if drawn from the Water an increase in water rates. Therefore, it is suggested, the money should come instead from the general fund of the District, thus permitting water rates to remain stationary. ‘That is & good argument, for water But the argument could as well have been based upon equity alone, without taking into consideration the effect of large ex- trict should pay only for the cost of maintaining the system. As it is, they Foreign Relations in New York on Oc- tober 11. “We are a people of the sea, and the sea is our security and our safety,” he added. Those affirmations apply to the United States with no less force. We have vast coast lines on two scean fronts. We have, in the Panama Canal, s jugular vein as vital to national security as Britain's Suez route to In- dis. We have far-flung overseas posses- sions. We have developed a mighty foreign commerce. We are creating a great merchant marine. We do not yet inhabit & world in which we are uni-| versally and consistently beloved. We hold & $22,000,000,000 mortgage on Eu- rope. We possess nearly half of all the gold in the world. ‘These are some of America’s reasons for building and maintaining a fleet| tenance of the supply and distribution systems, which furnish the Municipal and FPederal Governments with free | water, and for extending and improving | the distribution system. Capital ex- penditures on the water system should be drawn entirely from main assess- ments and from the general fund of the District, the latter representing funds contributed by District property taxpayers and by the Federal Govern- ment. It is to be hoped that the report on the water extension program, concurred in by Maj. Breton Somervell, the United States Engineer for this district, and by officers of the supply as well as the | distribution systems, will receive the | approval of Engineer Commissioner Ladue and the Board of Commissioners. The report should be mads the entering second to none afioat. Happlly, there is every prospect that the impending parity agreement with Great Britain will as- sure us such a navy. With nothing less will the American people be content. | ‘To nothing more do they aspire. oo The expert trader in Wall Street is | having his difficulties in keeping up ‘with the expert bookkeepers, Where Parity Is Needed. Senator David A. Reed of Penneyl-| vania, speaking at a dinner given by | the Metal Trades Council of Philadel- | phia, is reported to have said that the pending Smoot-Hawley tariff bill is “dead.” He went further and declared that the bloc of Republican Senators from the West, led by Senator Boral ‘was the “execytioner” of the bill. Sen- | ator Reed's complaint was that the Senators from the West are intent upon beating down every tariff provision re- | lating to industry and upon boosunnl every tariff provision relating to agri- ‘This is unfair to the Republican Sen- ators from the West. Had the present! tarif? bill been passed by the House and | reported to the Senate providing for agricultural duty increases—such as had been promised the farmer by the Re-| publican party during the campaign of | 1928—leaving the industries of the| country the same measure of protection | which they have now, the row over the | tariff bill which threatens its death would have been avoided. Had the House and the Senate committee been content with writing into the bill, in| addition to the revised ngrlcultunl“ rates, increases in rates for such in-| dustries alone as have been hard pressed | by foreign competition in the last year or two, trouble would have been averted. | But the doors of general tariff revision | were thrown wide open. Industries; which have been doing well, apparently, have determined that here was an o) portunity to do better. Many influences have been brought to bear to gain in- creases in rates for many items covered in the tariff law. i President Hoover, when he called Congress into special session, announced , that it was for two purposes. One was, farm relief. The other for a “limited” | revision of the tariff. Senator Reed and | the manufacturers of Pennsylvania, Connecticut and other industrial States must have realized that the special ses- sion of Congress was summoned pri- marily for the purpose of farm rellef, both through legislation placing the Federal Government back of the farm- ers in the efforts to better themselves and through a revision of the tariff in favor of the farmers. turing interests, | could make no headway against the The manufac- | the industries of | wedge for a revision of the whole financial system which supports the Water Department. The Water De- partment should be self-supporting, as| far as maintenance is concerned. The water rates should represent merely the per capita cost of delivering water in Washington homes. Capital investment in plant should be drawn from the funds contributed by property tax pay- ers and the Federal Government. As| this investment in plant increases and the number of water users increases, water rates should decrease toward that ultimate desideratum of free and plenti- | ful water for all who can use it. ) One of the things now sought is a frank understanding among nations which will place such little memoranda | as “secret codes” entirely out of the picture. ‘o Nature Supreme. A tragic airplane accident in the Gulf | of Genoa, with the practically certain | loss of seven lives, proves again that man, with all his ingenuity, is but a puny adversary of Nature when she is | in a fighting mood. The City of Rome, a gigantic all-metal seaplane powered with three engines, was on its regular run in the recently inaugurated Indian | Air Mall Service. The ship was of the latest design and was considered air- worthy in every particular. Seven per- | sons were aboard—four passengers, one | a woman, the pilot, an engineer and | a steward. Near Naples the plane encountered a terrific storm, the wind | reaching a velocity of more than seventy miles an hour. Finding he elements and fearful that the battering the ship was recelving would result in the breakage of some vital part, the pilot decided on an immediate landing in the sea. Carefully estimating his position, he dispatched § O S calls noti- fying shore stations of the plight of the plane. And now comes the tragic part of the last fiight of the City of Rome. Assist- ance was immediately forthcoming and, with the big plane resting apparently securely on the mountainous seas, tow ropes were attached to it by the steamer Famiglia and the shoreward journey was begun. But not for long. The hawsers parted and the Famiglia left the marooned plane for the purpose of procuring further assistance. When de- stroyers and merchant craft returned to the scene there was no sign of the plane, save for the body of the pilot floating on the waves. Just such an accident was that which befell the big air liner of the Trans- { The “melancholy days” draw near— travel. A blanketlike fog, 8 mountain peak shooting its way up toward the sky for ten thousand feet, a crash, and the snuffing out of eight lives! Nature again proved her superiority over those who defy her laws. Even with these accidents, however, and many others like them in the future, man has made such progress in the new-found art of flying that gnillions of safe miles have been put Qghind the whirring propellers of thousands of fleet ships of the ether. Tragedies will occur on the water, under the water, on the land and in the air, but with the world demanding speed and more speed there will be no cessation of travel in | carriers that can balance the annihila- tion of distance against possible hazard. et Foreign Minister Briand. Tt is good news that reaches Europe and the world today, that Aristide Briand has accepted the post of foreign minister in the new French cabinet. Under the premiership of Edouard Daladier, M. Briand resumes the port- folio he held in the ministry of which | he himself was the chief until a week ago. Thus ends the latest Parisian cabinet crisis, or at least that phase of it which is of paramount importance to countries outside of France. From the stand- point of French internal politics, M. Briand's willingness to join the Daladier government is significant be- cause it assures the new premier the support of the moderate Socialist group in the Chamber of Deputies. Its adhesion gives M. Daladier a slender, but a working, majority. M. Briand's refusal to smart and sulk under the fluke parliamentary rebuke his own government recently suffered, whereby he was required to relinquish his eleventh premiership, magnifies his reputation as a statesman., Except as the mercurial exigencles of French politics demand it, Aristide Briand seldom thinks in local terms. His vision ranges far beyond the Quai d'Orsay and the Place de 1a Concorde. It en- compasses the globe. Its objective is world peace, At no moment in cotemporary his- tory could Briand's conciliatory hand be less spared than now. The cause of international understanding, which he has so genuinely at heart, has just lost a potent paladin in Gustav Stresemann of Germany. Only within the past few months, Stresemann, Briand and Mac- donald were bracketed as the three musketeers of peace in Europe, which connotes the peace of the world. M. Briand retains the helm in France. It is a key steering-post. It is well that the co-author of the Kellogg pact remains there. S Elevation of Otto Kahn to political responsibility may have a beneficent in- fluence in assuring the touch of the impresario in securing better campaign songs. B Foot ball continues to. leave many college students in doubt as to whether book learning is holding its own in the educational world, oo ‘Whatever may have been the aspira- tions of Albert Fall, he has not, in his advancing years, realized any dreams of rustic quietude. —_— et ©One of the difficult questions relates to lack of understanding as to why “sples” should persist when nations of the world are no longer at war. et Soviet aviators are making remark- able records. Russiz neglegts no field of activity and may find good puhuclty‘ agents in her airmen. oo ‘The tariff is beginning to enable the Congressional Record to borrow some of the excitement available to the publica- tion that runs a mystery story. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNEON, Autumn. S0 all the poets say— The foliage in jocund cheer Presents a bright display. The purple and the gold disclose A scene, amid the mist, Of loveliness and soft repose Which no one can resist. | wWith ail the glories that arise, Which, at the evening time, Reflect into the twilight skies The coloring sublime, We pause in reverence to see ‘What moves us to such praise, And wonder, still, why these should be Called “melancholy days.” Seating Arrangements. “Where did you sit when you went to the theater?” “I don't exactly remember,” said Senator Sorghum. “My folks were there simply to enjoy themselves. There was no question of social prece- dence involved.” Jud Tunkins says his moral scruples prevent him from being a bootlegger; also his lack of local political influence. Ins and Outs. In politics we win Full many a hard-fought bout. We work to put ‘em in, And then to put ‘em out. Playing Fair. “Do you allow your wife to drive from the back seat?” “Yes,” answered Mr. Chuggins. “Sometimes she's inclined to play pretty fair and allow me to drive from the front seat.” “An ancestor,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is too often only one who has left us good advice which we THIS AND THAT BY CHAPLES E. TRACEWELL, Few things attest the standardiza- tion of Americans more than the ga- rage. This automobile house is so common in modern back yards that the home without one attracts attention. Yet there are to be seen yards here and there free from the squat little| houses wherein family cars are kept| when owners are not too lazy to put | them away. No doubt the owners of some of these garage-free back yards are independent souls who refuse ‘to purchase a car on account of the necessity for housing it. | They simply do not want a garage, that is all. Let others have their ga- rages, is their attitude; such buildings| are utilitarian and may be designed not unfree from a certain amount of | appropriateness, if not actual beauty. "The brave man here and there, how- ever, who wants his grounds free from incumbrances has a right to do as he pleases in the matter. So far as is known, there has been no case of neigh- bors Kkicking before citizens' associa- tions because certain residents did not build garages. * ok ok ¥ The garage as a garden occupant has certain good and bad points. It has long been a commonplace among land- scape artists that some one center of interest should break up the rear view.| Some specialists in the landscaping of small properties—and this is the kind we are considering, of course—in- sist_on a tea house. ‘The ordinary form, with a peaked roof, gives a distinct point of interest, they assert, especially when located un- der the shade of a well placed tree. Some of us are not quite able to see what advantage this has over a well proportioned garage. There is no par- ticular reason, except cost, why a garage need be so squat, so lacking in beauty, as_most of them are. ‘With some attention given to the ga- rage from the standpoint of the garden, as a whole, as well as a utilitarian automobile stable, this little house seen 50 often on the modern alley landscape might even aspire to esthetic aspects. A stone terrace on the near or house side. edged with shrubbery, might give all the possibilities of a tea house. In closely built communities the garage glves protection from the alley side, | and a great deal of privacy, especially fin l:uch narrow lots as prevail in city imits. * ok ko The garage has its most determined foe in the ardent gardener who resents the loss of 50 many square feet from his estate. Especially is his heart torn when the purchase of a car necessitates the building of one in a position occupied by _shrubs or flowers, Such a tearing up and out becomes, to him, a desecration. Those althea bushes, so tall and sturdy, must be up- rooted and set elsewhere. And every gardener knows that even the sturdy althea gets the wrench of its life when it is transplanted, Per- haps professional gardeners can trans- plant with nothing but benefit to a shrub, but the average home gardener has no such magic. Transplanting! What crimes committed in thy name! “Transplant- ing makes a plant stronger and healthier, gives greater root growth,” etc. So say the garden books. Most home gardeners, however, know that ordinary everyday transplanting only slows a plant up, holding it back are several weeks from its normal growth. Even zinnia seem to suffer from this operation. We speak of careful transplanting, too, done by a knowin; hand, the seedlings well watered, and protected from the sun for several days. * K ok % ‘The preferred placing of a garage by experts in home grounds planning is about 20 feet behind the house and slightly to one side, in communities where private driveways run from the street. Where there are rear alleys, the garage is commonly and properly placed on the rear of the property, with its entrance on the alley. In either po- sition some consideration should be given to the building as a part of the property design as a whole. As ordinarily constructed a garage is not a thing of beauty, being basically a box for a car. Even a peaked roof will not take away from this rectangu- lar look, Rose vines, tall growing shrubs and other plants offer material with which to disguise a garage. After a certamn number of years have gone by, such a place becomes fairly integral with the remainder of the ‘landscape. * x K % i From "tjl: xmcuitn;lden standpoint, owever, the property without a garage has the best of it. gees Not only is so much land—and by no means a negligible plot—saved for garden purposes, but the grounds are free from an element which has no particular place in garden composition. One would not be too esthetic about this matter. There are beautiful gar- dens both with and without garages, i and there are very ugly ones both with and without. It takes more than any one element to make a back yard either pleasing or displeasing, so that the garage as a disturbing ~ element may be overac- centuated; there is little doubt, how- ever, that the realiy beautiful gardens | are minus them—and still we speak of comparatively small places. True es- tates, holding their many acres with that dignity which size alone gives in this world, solve the garage problem easily enough. ‘With the smaller and small place the garage becomes something of a prob- lem to the home owner who prefers his garden above automobiling. Ardent motorists may believe that no such per- son exists, but we could show him scores of small properties where the garage has found no entrance, simply because the owners value their gar- dens above motor cars. * k% ok The smallest type of city back yard becomes particularly cut up by the ad- dition of a garage. When these little houses are as alike as peas in a pod for an entire row, and the row is duplicated on the other side of the alley, an element of similarity is intro- duced which but adds to a plethora of the same thing already in existence, in all_likelihood. Some writers upon this subject have put the home garage in the category of “necessary evil” and let it go at that. Perhaps they are right. Our de- sire here has been to point out to those who love their gardens best that one may do the brave and unusual thing and dispense with the garage. It may be added that the unusual thing, in such a day and age as this, is often enough the brave thing. There are heroics of the everyday as well as of the exceptional occasion. One would not stress the point, but it exists, WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Otto H. Kahn's selection as treasurer of the Republican senatorial campaign committee for 1930 admits of a variety of implications. In the first place, Kahn is of the very flower of the Wall Street “international banking"” the ilk to which Herbert Hoover's name once upon a time was anathema. In the second place, such a watchdog of | the G. O. P. war chest means that it is | not likely to lack the sinews necessary | The senatorial | to a national contest. organization is nominally an entirely separate outfit from the national com- mittee, and Kahn's treasurership is said to have originated with the chair- man of the senatorial committee— Moses of New Hampshire. But_the choice was announced at the New York dinner in honor of National Chairman Huston, so_it's reasonable to suppose that Kahn has the national committee’s | . K. Kahn was born in Germany, lived in England for a while, and is now an American citizen. Once upon a time he is sald to have aspired to a seat in the British House of Commons. e M. Tytus Filipowicz, Polish Minister to the United States since last Spring, is the one member of the Washington diplomatic corps who shares a quality in common with President Hoover. He is a mining engineer by profession. M. Filipowicz has also been in jail oftener than any other diplomat in this coun- try. During the pre-war years in which the Polish people sought to liberate themselves from the Russian and Prus- sian yokes, M. Filipowicz, an ardent young patriot, ran afoul the Czar’s min- fons s0 often that he underwent no fewer than six separate prison sentences for revolutionary activity. While serv- ing as the diplomatic representative of independent Poland with Gen. Wran- gel's army in Russia, he was seized by the Bolshevists and jailed. Later M. Filipowicz was Polish Minister in Mos- | cow, and also in Helsingfors and Brus- sels, before being sent to Washington. o Lieut. Col. H. Edmund Bullis, Re- serve Corps, United States Army, saw in these observations a recent reference to George Eastman's proposal to name the additional month in his 13-month calendar “Sol.” Bullis once was on the lecture platform advocating the East- man calendar reform. “I discovered,” he asys, “in addressing women's clubs, a distinct objection to calling the thir- teenth month ‘Sol,’ because women told me that girls would object to being married in a month by that name. So in a lecture before a New Jersey wom- en’s club I asked if there were anybody in the audience who could suggest a good short Latin name for the extra month which would be an improve- ment on ‘Sol.’ platform when I was through and said she would suggest ‘Luna’ I thought she meant ‘Luna,’ for the moon. But she corrected me and explained that ‘Luna’ was short for ‘lunacy,’ which she ble:c'?smered the whole 13-month year * % % ¥ Not long ago a Western Senator called at the Interior Department_to transact some business with the Bu- reau of Indian Affairs. What was chiefly on his mind was improved high- way communications through a part of his State chiefly given over to Indian reservations. The Senator sald he feel perfectly able to think up for ourselves.” Well Earned. The public without regret Salutes an honored past. T. Edison decides to get A full night's sleep at last. “Noah,” sald Uncle Eben, “was away behind de times. If he was takin’ his precautions today, he'd be bulldin’ an alrship.” ——e———————— No Place for Forestry Lecture. From the Butte Daily Post. John Taylor, our popular forest sus pervisor, is going East to lecture on the continental Air Transport a few months America, have been enormously pros- perous. Their prosperity has not been 4 thing of the last few ago. The ship, like the Oity of Rome, was the most modern in construction yoo'S 1t has and embodied the latest Jeatuzes Jor alr Toling 'pflra:lm of forestry. 'Most every big is on the list except Washington, where they know too much about log- already. \ would expect to get what he asked for because the Hoover administration is bound to Scattergood-Rhoads. The wisecrack has reference to the fact that the present commissioner of Indian af- fairs is Charles J. Rhoads and his as- sistant commissioner is J. Henry Scat- tergood, a brother Quaker. There has never been such teamwork in the In- dian Bureau as these two fellow Phil- adelphians are exhibiting. President Hoover told a recent caller interested in the Indians that he looks upon Com- missloner Rhoads as fit for any exec- ‘l"fl{e post within the administration’s * ok K K Senator James E. Watson of Indlana, the Republican leader in the Senate, had a visit last week from a Hoosler constituent who is a prominent textile manufacturer. The industrialist gave “Jim"” a brand-new slant on Iffs, from the manufacturing standpoint. “You can put a tariff as high as the Wi n Monument on foreign tex- Slen® mill owner said, fraternity— | A lady came up to the | doesn't do us a particle of good so long | as the purchasing power of the Ameri- can home market is crippled. As long as the consuming ability of our own people is shot to pleces tariffs are worthless, So industry’s main interest is in domestic prosperity. When Amer- icans have plenty of money to buy homemade , then tariffs to pro- tect industry against low-production costs abroad have their uses.” Watson thinks the point is well made. * X K K ‘Treasury and Federal Reserve Board officials were invited last week while the New York Stock Exchange panic was raging to “take the air” and broad- cast a steadying message to the Ameri- can people. Radio authorities who be- sought Secretary Mellon and Gov. Young to use the microphone were told that a reassuring thought or two wafted lover the wave lengths might be the means of stopping hysteria and avert- ing hundreds of millions of dollars of losses to nervous stock owners, It was decided that conditions at the moment were too delicate to warrant any offi- cial broadcasting on the subject. Then President Hoover came along with his statement, issued through the press, and the surging waves of Wall Street were forthwith calmed. * ok x K George Akerson, one of the Presi- dent's secretaries, is the possessor of a | talent known only to his closest friends. |He's an accomplished musician. The young Minnesotan, who continues now |and then to be mistaken for “the Chief” himself, is a cultivated student of the piano and the organ. Whenever | he needs solace from the trials and tribulations of his multifarious duties at the White House, Akerson communes with Beethoven and Chopin and bids dull care begone by strumming the | tvories, * K ok % ‘Two newspaper men stationed in Eu- rope, whose names are known to thou- sands of American readers, are in Wash- ington this week. One of them is John L. Balderston, London correspondent of the New York World, and the other is Sisley Huddleston, Paris correspondent of the Christian Science Monitor. Bal- derston, a brilliant young Philadeiphian, is here to attend the first American presentation of his comedy of London life, “Berkeley Square,” in Washington tonight. It is his .second theatrical venture, Morality Pla, for the Leisure Class” having been Balderston's maiden effort. “Berkeley Square” is a reigning success in London. Huddleston is an Englishmen who knows his mod- ern Paris as only George du Maurier knew his Latin Quarter. For several | years, under Northcliffe’s ownership of the Times, Huddleston was “the Thun- derer's” Paris correspondent. He has | written numerous books and is M. Poin- care’s official biographer. Mr. Huddle- | ston talked foreign affairs with Presi- | dent Hoover at the White House today. | (Copyright, 1929.) s High License Adopted To Curb Gypsy Tribes From the Baltimore Evening Sun. At the behest of that large and im- portant body, the Association of Com- merce, backed by the Baltimore Federa- tion of Labor, an ordinance was intro- duced in the City Council recently to require gypsies and other nomadic bands “having no permanent place of abode in Maryland” to pay an annual license fee of $1,000 for the privilege of camping within the city limits, and engaging in industrial pursuits. Thus two power- ful organizations direct their heavy tillery at a handful of gypsies who, pre- sumably, are placing organized labor in Jeopardy by repalring copper kettles and water spouts. In connection with the proposal two thoughts come to mind. The first is the ease with which the gypsies may avold the penalties of the ordinance by rent- 13“1'055‘ “‘abode” at considerably less than The second and more compelling thought is how the Association of Com- merce and the Federation of Labor who, we have been led to believe, are con- tinually occupied with vital matters per- in to the industrial progress of a Defense Up to Date “Business of Congress” From the Charleston, 8. C., Evening Post. It is possible to call for a revision of the Nation's defense program as Repre- sentative James of Michigan does, with- out coming under suspicion of being an alarmist or a jingo, and common sense is on the side of the acting chairman of the House military committee when he points out. that a program mapped out at a time when military men deemed it an impossibility for airships or planes to cross the ocean needs to be brought up to date. The average American has no doubt taken it for granted that his Army and Navy kept its defense plans up with the times and that the exploi- tation of important new inventions was automatically followed by changes in the defense program to make allow- ances for them, but to judge from the Congressman's remarks that is not the | case, A hundred years ago a plan for de- fending the Nation could safely be worked out by war strategists and put on ice to use when occasion required and it would probably Bfve kept un- spoiled for years. There was not much in 1835 that would make 1825 war plans out of date. Consider the difference today, however. In 1939 the war plans that could be worked out this year would probably look like antiques. New developments in aviation, war chemistry, radio, television and a half dozen other fields are certain to make even the new methods of today obsolete. To the layman it is incredible that the Nation's military should pursue any other course than to keep in touch with such de- velopments and work them into the defense scheme and that is probably just what it does, despite the impression given by Mr, James in his request for a probe, One air bomb, as he points out, dropped on New York City's water supply might make 7,000,000 people clamor for peace. Then, again, it might not. Strangely enough, the people who are always visualizing the horrible de- struction that would ensue from the dropping of a_bomb on or near New York seem to forget that the Germans dropped countless bombs on London and Paris with amazingly little large- scale effect. Somehow or other, the new inventions usually fall short of the destruction they are expected to do, which is a very good thing, too. Never- theless, the military strategists have to take them into account and make their plans accordingly, and if it is true that the national program needs revision. it is the business of Congress to see that it gets it. e Judges of Antiques Urged Against Fakes From the Grand Rapids Press. Grand Rapids manufactures any amount of “period” furniture, excel- lently made after the best models of the past—as well as combination and modern designs of its own. It knows how to create the “patina” of antiquity. It can shoot a chair full of wormholes if desired. And the chair will be much more comfortable, with a far greater wearing capacity and a generally more’ substantial appearance, than the rickety “real thing” culled from an English garzet. Moreover, 1t will not be sold as a genuine antique. It will bring a price commensurate with the fact that it is modern manufactured furniture. Its maker will pay wages to American workmen and taxes to local, State and Federal treasuries. The best of our period and modern furniture, as well as the best of these “atmosphere antiques, have as competition today a va: amount of stuff unloaded at American ports as “genuine antiques,” but ac- tually just as new as the latest thing from a local factory stockroom. This stuff escapes customs duties because its importers lie about fts origin. at exorbitant prices because of the same lie. It takes business from American factories, wages away from American workmen, just taxes away from the American treasury. There have been several suggestions as to ways of meeting the fake antique. Some of them would have placed a tariff handicap against the importation of real antiques except for public and private museums, Senator Vandenberg has had adopted in the Senate version of the tariff bill what seems the best plan of all—which is to appoint skilled judges of antiques at certain ports, re- quire that all alleged antique furniture enter through these ports if it is desired to escape the duty, and penalize the importer of fakes by assessing him the full furniture duty plus & 25 per cent of value fine. ‘This plan centers exclusively uj the liar and fake, does not interfere with furniture really more than one hundred years old and can arouss no objections on the ground of barring genuine museum pieces for use in American homes. Whether there is to be a new tariff bill or not, this administrative provision -should be adopted. —orms. Airport Service Held Sign of U. S. Interest From the San Francisco Chronicle. ‘The extraordinary airport advisory service undertaken by the Department of Commerce is an index of the Gov- | ernment’s eagerness to encourage the creation of the best possible airport sys- tem in the United States. Experts of the department who have been ying the practical and theo- retical phases of the best existing air- ports are now being sent out on tous taking them into the communities that ask advice on their airport problems. These experts are equipped to give advisory service where it is wanted, and also are authorized to grant class rat- ings of existing airports on the Federal air map. They do not undertake to provide engineering layouts or super- intend the construction, but they will help to select sites and indicate the best general line of development. By this means the Government hopes to enable ambitious communities to get the greatest possible results from the money they invest in airport facilities, In many branches of progress, nota- bly in the matter of laying out the earliest high-speed highways, the pio- neers are now found to have made costly errors that might have been avoided. The Department of Commerce wants to save airport cities from un- necessary losses by the trial-and-error method and to provide instead the best expert knowledge available. And in the course of this effort the department will be able to put together an airport map based upon expert, unprejudiced opinions of its own agents. ‘The service is going to be a big help to communities with airport problems to solve and also to build up a standard system of airports that can be depend- ably mapped for air travelers, S Consumers’ Counsel Proposal Commended From the St. Paul Daily News. A counsel for consumers of the United States is hereafter to function with the Tariff Commission, working independ- ently with his own staff to represent the public, if the Senate amendment to the tariff. bill prevails. This is one of the best of the many amendments the Senate has added to the bill. The commission’s record of 32 important increases in tariff rates, against five unimportant decreases, shows that insufficient consideration has been given to the consumers’ interests in the past. Senator Reed of Pennsylvania de- clared that he voted for the amend- mené in & “cynical” mood, feeling it was useless, yet that a vote against it would be considered a vote against con- sumers’ interests. The vote was 68 to 11. This is significant. We hear much of the lobbies representing special in- terests and their power over legislation. ‘When, however, it is possible to draw an issue clearly between the interests of the lobbles and those of the general n public, & majority of the Senate votes Tight It sells | ‘What do you need to know? Is there some point about your business or per- sonal life that puzzles you? Is there something you want to know without delay? Submit your question to Fred- eric J. Haskin, director of our Washing- ton Information Bureau. He is em- ployed to help you. Address your in- quiry to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, ‘Washington, D. C., and inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Q. What is a hitch-hiker?>—H. H. A. A hitch-hiker is one who walks along the road seeking and taking rides from any persons who may be going in the direction in which he wishes to travel, Q. How much did Harriet Beecher Stowe profit by the dramatization of her novel, “Uncle Tom's Cabin"?— E.D.N. A. Mrs. Stowe, in her total disregard of the theater, had failed to reserve to herself thg dramatic rights of the book. Consequeatly, 16 was at the call of any producer ho wished to have it. Throughout the play's immensely prof- itable life she never got & dollar in theatrical royalties Q. Is it fermentation that makes a banana turn brown after it is peeled? What will prevent this>—M. B. A. It is not fermentation. It is oxi- dation. for salad, coating them at once with mayonnaise or olive ofl will prevent it. Q. Is Billy Sunday & Methodist?— 'A. Before entering the evangelistic fleld, Billy Sunday was a Presbyterian and 1s stiil a member of that church. Q. Are boys entering college younger or older than they were 25 years ago?— T, B. A. The Office of Education says the average age for boys entering college now is 18 years. This is thought to be slightly younger than the average 25 years ago. Q. At what age did Caruso begin to sing?—M. C. A. Caruso was born in 1873, and at the age of 11 started singing in the churches of Naples, Italy. Caruso’s first, training in singing and music was received from Maestro Alessandro Fa- sanaro, who discovered his gifts of voice and expressiveness while teaching his pupil his school hymns. Q. On what date was the first Thanksgiving day celebrated?—D. 8. A, It was first celebrated in Plymouth, Mass., on December 13, 1621. Q. Of what are Hamentashen made? —S8. L. K. A. These three-cornered cakes con- tain poppy seed mixed with sugar and honey. Jews serve the cakes on Purim in commemoration of the downfall of Hamen, who conspired against the Jews. Q. How many acres of oil land are there in the United States>—L. V. A. It has been estimated by the American Petroleum Institute that oil lands in the United States comprise more than 25,000,000 acres. The Federal | Ofl Conservation Board has estimated that producing and proved areas are in excess of 3,000,000 acres. If the bananas are to be used | Q. When was silver luster made in England?—A. A. W. A. Adams Tunstall of England and | Greengates and Greenfleld potteries | made luster. They have been manufac- | turers for almost 500 years. The Josiah ‘Wedgwoods were tenants of the Green- gates Potteries. They made good silv luster. Established in 1657. Where is the largest automobile in the United States>—W. H. The American Automobile Asso- ciation says that the largest automobile race track is the Speedway in Indian- , | apolis, Ind., which is 213 miles in length, | iz | Q. Please give some information re. garding stretches of railway without a | curve—w. C. P. | "A. Two of the longest stretches of | ratlroad without a curve are: Th | mile stretch on the Rock Isiand lines | from Guymon, Okla., to Dalhart. Tex. | At Dalhart_there is a quarter-degree curve and then it goes on for 25 miles farther without a curve. The Seaboard Airline in Florida has 8 curves in 200 miles. It is said that on the Argen- | tine-Pacific Railway to the foot of the | Andes, there is a stretch of 200 miles without a curve or a cutting or an enbankment deeper than 3 feet., On the Australian Trans-Continental | Railway crossing the Nullarbor Plain, | there is a straight-away of 300 miles. Q. What is the French naval build- ing program for this year?—J. W. F. A. For the year, 1920, the building program is: One 10.000-ton cruiser, six * large submarines and five small sub- marines. Q. Is it against the law to shoot birds from automobiles?—C. M. A. There is a Federal regulation which makes it unlawful to hunt mi- gratory birds from automobiles. Q. When was the first national con- vention held by the National League of | Women Voters>—M. 8. A. 1t was held February 12-18, 1920, in Chicago. Q. What word in the English lan- guage has the most different mean- ings?—E. P. 8. P A. While it may not have the most, the word “set” ranks among words with many meanings and uses. Q. What is meant by a production or selling cartel in Europe?—E. A. C. A, Cartel is a name applied to prac- tically all forms of industrial combina- tions in Europe. Production cartels aim primarily at joint regulation or control of production. Their main purpose is to prevent overproduction. The selling cartel is one in which a single sales agency handles all or part of the output of the individual member plants. Price-fixing is generally included in its activities. Q. Was Continental currency redeem- * ed by the United States?—N. L. G. A. The various issues of Continental currency were never redeemable by the United States as reorganized under the Constitution. By the act of August 4, 1790, it was redeemable at the Treas | ury in subscriptions to a loan at the rate of $100 in Continental money for $1 in specie. By the act of March 3, 1797, it was declared that said money should be receivable as above until December 31, 1797, and no longer. track A. Amazement is expressed at the scope | of operations conducted by a bootleg- ging ring on the Eastern coast, as dis closed by a series of simultaneous raids by Government dry officers. There is much comment on the fact that the methods of big business were employed in law violation. Action by the Fed- eral forces is hailed as a turn for the better in the prohibition situation. emphasized by the Rock Island Argus, with the statement that “no rum- importance has ever before become in- volved with the Federal Government.” That paper concludes that “evidently the syndicate has been functioning suc- cessfully for a long time,” and that “profits are so great that, although this particular organization will have to place.” | “It is one of the stoutest blows the | enforcement authorities have struck against the bootlegging industry, the Charleston Evening Post. smashing of this organization,” in the opinion of the Evening Post, “was & real achievement, and, while it will not put an end to rum running, it will un- doubtedly give the prohibitionists something to stand on in an argument as to the possibilities of effective en- forcement. In the war between the Government and the bootleggers, the Government has won an important vic- tory. What the cost of it may have been and what it may show the cost of comparatively complete enforcement to be is another matter.” The results appeal to the Kan: City Journal-Post as giving support the contention of George W. Wicker- sham, chairman of the Hoover law- enforcement investigation commission, that the ideal way to enforce prohibi- tion is to have the National Govern- ment handle the big bootleggers—the wholesalers, so to speak—while the State and local authorities handle the little ones, who might be called the retailers.” That paper argues: “At any rate, only the Federal Government can handle smugglers, and most smuggling is done on a big scale. By this raid, the Pederal agents were more effective than it they had arrested scores of in the judgment of the Lynchburg Ad- vance, “will be determined when the cases go to court. If convictions are secured against the rum runners, if lawyers and bankers who are charged th giving assistance to the liquor syndicate are penalized, if officials who have taken bribes at the rate of $30,000 a week can be brought to justice and the service purged of them, then a smashing blow will have been dealt by the prohibition unit. It seems unlikely that so much publicity would have been given the case unless the officials believed they would be able to do these things. Hope is expressed by the Rochester Times-Union that “the principals, the men who were directing operations and raking in the lion's share of the illegal gain, have been caught.” That paper holds that “they deserve heavier pun- ishment than their tools, though all engaged were lawbreakers.” The Times- Union advises that exposure of such extensive rum-running and bootlegging operations ought to stimulate New York and New Jersey to give much better co- ration in hunting down such bands.” The Syracuse Herald, on the other hand, holds that “the effect will be to make the many other criminal organizations of the same kind more vigilant and cautious ‘The Herald says of the previous record that “the Government's measures for combating the outlawed trade were inadequate to the point of absurdity.” Commenting on the power of money which had enabled the organization to conduct the operations disclosed by the Government, the Canton Daily News remarks: “Set loose in the community ta thousand per cent profit and the town will be morally shot up before the game is cooked.” The Little Rock Arkansas Democrat finds “just another instance of American genius for organ- jzation ‘gone wron; an exemplifica- tion of the truth of the old saw that both waye - That paper s impressea ‘ways.' " at paper b;.uu Illfl- that memb:‘r:ho( '.\?a “have been o funds a8 though th ‘The magnitude of the proceedings is | smuggling organization of this size and | suspend, another will soon take its says | "Th Scale of Liquor Operations Shown by Raid Amazes Nation | bakers of bread or distributors of any | other human necessity.” | "“An illegitimate trade attracted cap- ital, the owners of which were not, finicky on the subject,” states the In- dianapolis News, “for the simple reason | that it held out the prospect of big | financial returns. Furthermore, the chance of losing, through discovery of the business, was reduced by bribery. | Considerable good fortune was a factor in giving the national officials & clue.” The $pringfield Union offers the com- ment on the situation, “That an fliicit business can be organized on such a large,scale in spite of the risks indi- cates what tremendous profits are in- volved, and measures the difficulties facing the Government in the enforce- ment of the prohibition laws.” ‘The threats invelved in such opera- tions are viewed by the Philadelphis Evening Bulletin as “directed not only against enforcement of the prohibition of liquor, but against every law by which the Government attempts to safeguard the material or moral inter- ests of its citizens.” That paper thinks « that “the situation justifies the utmost . expenditure of effort and money to | thwart the conspiracy”; that “it makes assistance by other nations not only & matter of comity, but of self-interest.’ Referring to payments to public offi- cials, the Lincoln State Journal re- | marks that “apparently the shrewd chaps who operate the bootlegging syn- dicates don’t agree with those wet spokesmen who say that the prohibi- tion law cannot be enforced.” The As- bury Park Evening Press avers that “the Government has proved its ability | to cope with the situation, and, unlike | its predecessors, the present adminis- | tration has indicated a desire to meet a | problem which has long been evaded. The Janesville Gazette sees in the ac- | tion evidence that “the Government is ' not fussing around about this liquor | enforcement,” adding: “More has been {done in the last three months than in to get at the big rum- ‘The gangsters in Chicago have been hard hit by the new attorney gen- jeral, and everywhere the still business | is getting more hazardous. And this | last large news story will be a warning that others are to follow.” | — e | Japan Makes Typical Reply to Parley Bid From the Kansas City Journal-Post. Japan has made a typlcal reply to the invitation to the naval reduction con- ference in London. It assures the most honorable inviting nations that it is | sincerely for peace and much against the evils of war and that naval ex penditures should be limited and, of * course, it will have delegates at the conference, thank you very much! It is not committed to any special terms, as yet. But it will take up wita its honorable ally, Great Britain, ce:- tain preliminaries’ and it is optimistic over having an agreement with sucii ally prior to the conference in January. What these preliminaries are is leit to conjecture. But that is not difficult, in view of the firm attitude Japan took at the Washington conference in the matter of the naval bases and fortifi- cations in the Pacific. It is very much incensed over the elaborate work at Singapore, which the sensitive Japanese interpret as aimed at Japan, since it is the only power with a fleet worthy of the name in the Far East. This work was suspended during the previous Labor ministry, and Premier Macdonald is opposed to it now, al- though adequate appropriations for continuing work were made by the Con- servative Parliament. Australia and New Zealand have been very solicitous about pushing the work. " Even Mr. Macdonald 1s on record as denying that the work violates the Washington agreement. Japan is also averse to applying the capital-ship ratio of the Washington conference to all classes of vessels. It insists on more vessels especially fitted for its needs in the part of the earth it dominates or can dominate. So Japan will be at the conference, either with Great Britain acceding to its wishes or lined up with France and Italy to batt'e for the kind of naval equipment each feels that it ought to have. All the expressions of politeness on the g:.n of the Japanese or of the United tes will not alter this cond:- Each nation must protect its