Evening Star Newspaper, October 6, 1929, Page 56

l! Fllem wag 17 incongs: th A : ' THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, OCTOBER 6, 1929—PART 2. Noise—A New Menace (Continued Prom First Page.) to measure changes in sound with ref- erence tc sensation is not sitmple and has proved a stumbling block to inves- tigators in the past. First the swnsa- tion unit is established by a series of m!dlxd tests, determining the um _threshold of sound percep- tion for the average ear. But noise itself cannot be measured in sensation. units because the perception of sound guroeeed.l not as an arithmetical rate it by & logarithmic scale. One hun- dred sensation units are not detected by the ear as 100 times more sound than one sensation unit. Rather the difference is as the log of one to the log of one hundred. 8o arbitrarily ths log of the number of sensation units is designated as th* number of belis. is then muitiplied by ten for translation into decibels. ‘The device has been used mostly in measuring the noise inside the cabins of airplanes, but would be equally ef- fective in an apartment house or an office. Gr*e provid:4 with an accepted standard & sa.%¢ v.hasurement, silent construction requiremems <2u oo Writ- ten into building contracts and tha contractors made to abide by them. | Thus far there is no accepted way of | measuring the harmful effects of nole on the individual, because the physical | and mental make-up of persons differs 80 greatly. The Pain of Noise. It has been dotermined, however, that when 108 sensation units is reached the average listener feels | physical pain. Actually the physical sense of pain is stimulated by the sound waves. A much greater amount An Italian Diplomat in Exile (Continued From First Page.) will almost certainly be an effort on | his part to undo what he has been | forced to surrender at the time. Count | Sforza has formulated this principle | of diplomacy in a paragraph that is worth quoting here. Noisy Success Dangerous. “I will even state this as a funda- cental law of diplomacy: The diplo- mat must, of course, succeed in a negotiation, but he must try to succeed without too much eclat. A too noisy success is frequently dangerous in dip- lomatic life. It is possible in this way to wound a former ddversary even more than by concessions extorted from him. It is this discretion in success that will create a lasting position for an ambassador.” ‘The strategy of diplomacy consists in | getting one's opponent to adopt one's| case and make it his own, so that when | the negotiations are over he will carry on the policies which he has accepted instead of going home to thwart them in sullen resentment. This reminder of the value of self-effacement in negotia- tions may well be kept in mind by American diplomacy. ~ Count Sforza adds to it three other major principles for the diplomatic career—avoid exces- sive zeal which the other party may fail to understand; be sincere and hon- est, for there are no true settlements where there is not mutual confidence, | and, above all, have the courage to re- sist the waves of passion of either aris- tocratic courts or demagogic dictator- ships. Writing of these things recently, Count Sforza has declared his belief that in the new era of public diplomacy there will be more and not less need for practicing these tried virtues of the old regime. . After the war was over Count Sforza was appointed High Commissioner of Constantinople, and there at once di- vined the importance of the movement led by Kemal Pasha and placed Italian policy on a sound basis with reference to insurgent Turkey. He was the first Italian statesman to conceive of Balkan politics in any other terms than those of local feud and foreign intrigue. The | last traces of the old Califate that had | 80 long oppressed the people of the Near East were being obliterated by the gecular spirit of Nationalist Turkey, and there was surely hope of equal achiev rrenlent in the liberated peoples them- selves. Saw Capabilities of Dalmatia. ‘The realization of Jugoslav unity, therefore, he held, should mean to Italy increased prosperity in the growth of law and order throughout ali the wide- | n?nad Jugoslav domain. ‘e Kingdom | of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes was not a rival to be considered in hostile terms by Italy, but a neighbor whose friendship was to be won and main- tained. ‘The problem of the Adriatic ceased to be in his eyes what it had been in the mind of most Italian states- men since the day when the sea empire |, of Venice passed away and Turkish oppression brought ruin to the Dalma- tian coast. In most Italian eyes the| only culture that existed in Dalmatia lay in these ruined traces of Venetian history. Count Sforza, on the contrary, knew that beyond-the devastated hills ?‘3", .réfh }}mtfrl:ndn’md a sturdy stock e of playing its part in the Eu- ¥ope of tomorrow. - 5l It was this conviction which led him | As foreign minister to concentrate upon | the settlement of the Serbo-Italian dis- te, and largely on his own initiative e secured that settlement in the treaty of Rapallo, which is perhaps the most | outstanding triumph of his career. An TItalian historian has described in & narrative, hitherto unpublished, the final snegotiations which led to the | signature of that treaty: Late at night on November 9, 1920, | Count Sforza and the Jugoslay Minis- | ters, Vesnic and Trumbic, met in the | salon of a villa on the Riviera, not far | from Rapallo, to settle, at last, two | years after the end of the Europe: war, the division of territory of that rt of the Hapsburg monarchy which | | missions to Rumania, and, above all, in | element in international affairs, he was | of foreign affairs, Count Sforza became 'Japan to Aid Business Entering Export Trade Encouragement of foreign trade to help wipe out Japan's annual unfavor- sble trade balance of about $100,000,000 is the chief aim of a special commission :?wmud by the ministries of foreign airs, finance, and commerce and in- dustry. This group has studied the problem carefully, and has made plans for & system of financial alds to exporters which is expected to be put in force before the end of the year. Under the new regulations the government will of noise would be torturesome. At present the nearest approach to this ordinarily experienced is in an air- plane, where the noise averages from 90 to 100 sensation units. in the New York subway experienc: 80 sensation units, while workers in a stenographic room must endurs about 70. The noise of a busy street is ap- proximately 60 sensation units. m this point the decline is as follows: Ordinary conversation, 40 to 50; soft radio music in apartment, 30 to 40; average whisper four feet away, 20; rustle of leaves in a gentle breeze, 10. Mr. Chrisler tells of experience at the Bureau of Standards laboratory, where physical discomfort was felt because of noise. This was especially evident in some tests with a foghorn. Before en- tering the room where the horn was op- erating the experimenters would plug up their ears so tightly as practically to exclude sound. But immediately th horn was turned on they would experi- | ence a strange sinking sensation in the stomach. Sound Waves That Hurt. They were confident that this was due purely to the physical effect of the sound waves and not due to imagina- ilon, because they heard nothing and did not know when the horn was to be turned on by the operator outside the room. Yet the sinking sensation and the starting of the horn always corre- sponded. The standardization of the sensation unit and the decibel may mean much toward producing in the future homes and offices reasonably free from noise. At least it was necessary to find some way of measuring noise before standard methods could be worked out for over- coming it. | Only 350 Pound Box the people and add to the responsibili: ties of the government of Belgrade. This is far-seeing statesmanship, and one can understand Count Sforza's im- patience with the short-sightedness of Mussolini's substitute for it in the inter- ference in Albania, in diplomatic co- quetry with Greece and Bulgaria, which has not been followed through, in the hollow assurances of military out their full flavor. the effort to tie in with the reactionary elements in Hung®ty. The foreign pol- icy of Mussolini in the Near East is the exact antitheses of that followed by Count Sforza and has been clearly de- scribed by him in his subsequent writ- ings. One does not have to wait for history to form a judgment of their Delicious! Queen Anne Pecan Nut Puffs rurmtee the payment of bills owed by foreign buyers to any bona fide Japan- ese ex 5 1If the exporter does not get his money within a reasonable length of time, the %mment will advance this sum. ile it is anticipated that most for- eign aceounts will be good eventually, it 1s & that delays in payment are & great burden, especially to the small trader, and the authorities want to en- courage this class of business men by such financial assistance. Efforts will be made especially to open up new fields of trade in South America. —_— A live elephant and a live camel took part in the grand march at a ball at Chelsea, England, recently. Satisfying! Japanese Newshoy’s Ancestor Was Lord Masatoshi Maeda, descendant of the once powerful feudal lord, Toshile |Maeda, earns s living by selling news- papers at & busy street corner in Tokio, but he never forgets that he has “blue blood” in his velns and tries to con- duct himself as a‘'model of true patriot- ism. Maeda is extremel; - perial family and eve’ryh:-‘o‘m'za u::nl;nnh way to work he pauses before the main entrance to the emperor's palace and Only 498 Pound By Wholesome chocolate nougat centers rolled in mouth-melting caramel and topped with tasty pecan meat kernels. So smooth and delicious they just melt in your mouth. A4 Crisp, Old-time Delicacy! relative wisdom, The years 1920-21, when Count Sforza was foreign minister of Italy, were those in which the nations of Eu- rope had to fit themselves within the mold of the peace treaties and find a way to live with each other afterward. ‘The Giolitti and Sforza cabinet played an important role in the direction of these affairs. Count Sforza saw clear!s that the only policy for Italy to follow— and for that matter, the only policy for | Europe as well—lay'in a frank recogni- tion of the erection of the new states | in succession to the Hapsburg mon- | archy, and of Poland on the eastern fringe of Germany. In contrast with Mussolini's policy of baiting the little entente, he supported it loyally. Know- ing as he did from intimate personal acquaintance the nature of the Haps- burg court, he stood out against any thought of a restoration and proposed In Powder Form ican laboratories, and wash. A 4 Price 490 This delightful anti- septic for hygienic uses was created by Ameri- can chemists in Amer- unexcelled as a mouth (| ped ANSENE 4 WY “Ask Your Dentist!” medicine cabinet headaches, colds other minor aches. | Tin 1 50 Bottle is of 12 of 24 worships ~ briefly, praying that the emperor and empress will prosper. Reports; of Maeda's patriotism and the zeal with which he preached loyalty to the Japanese empire reached the ears of officials of the imperial household German Ships May Enter Pacific Lanes Possibility that the “invasion” of the | Pacific by the German dirigible Graf lucrative Pacific business. When the German light cruiser Emden recently touched at nolulu, reference was made by some of her officers to Ger- many'’s revival of merchant marine, and the impression, was gained that the visit of the Emden was quite as much department and they offered to reward ' Zeppelin, will be followed by German !in fl&e‘dnne of good-will development him with a grant of money. This 'he refused to accept, claiming that he had done nothing to merit ma- teriad rewards. Sixteen generations ago Maeda’s ancestors ruled their province with an iron hand, but an unfortunate political alliance resulted in their de- feat ;h':,n the "&;‘lku‘l‘;fl te came er 300 years before Japan WaS opemm ‘western lnfluem:u.m | passenger and freight liners is oc- ! cupying the attention of several in- terests prominent in Pacific shipping. The rapid growth of the German merchant marine, and the recent record-breaking feat of the Bremen, indicate Germany's aggressive sea policy, and it is considered likely that one or more of the big German com- panies will make bid for some of the | Savings on CIGARS! These 10c Values Phila. Hand-made Luis Martines Garcia Grande Robert Burns Henrietta er —the Better to Serve You Fresh, crisp brittle, made of pure country molasses and filled with tempting, tasty peanut meats that have been properly roasted to bring Pure, wholesome, delicious. Bayer Aspirin Tablets Keep a bottle in your i for g == and 25¢ Bottle of 100,....‘..730 When you have a cold,qf a headache or neuralgia, || vou generally take Aspirin| Tablets. When you take Bayer Aspirin Tablets you are taking the best. Lead- an anti-Hapsburg convention to the Jugeslay government, which effectively checked any possible movement in Hun- gary. Describes Events Concisely. Count Sforza has described these events in a concise but clear narrative in his volume, “Diplomatic Europe Since the Treaty of Versailles,” which was published recently by the Yale University Press. The Hapsburg policy of “divide and rule” was, as he indi- cates, at bottom a motto of European anarchy; and, as foreign minister of Italy, he threw all his weight against the revival of any such influence in the heart of Europe. In the Balkans, in his policy with the little_entente and in his dealings with the League of Nations, Count Sforza was always on the side of conciliation and consolidation. It was but a step from these to the open advocacy of a European federation. It was not to be an idle, illusive dream, but a reality that could only be achieved at the hard cost of mutual concessions. He regard- ed a Franco-German conciliation as a European necessity, but in order not to compromise it he was opposed to taking steps too rapidly; a fair and proper Jjudgment in 1921. Convinced as he was that the League of Nations was henceforth an essential the merits of this great medicine. 929 Seventh Street 3101 M Street ~ TANLAC Rundown Conditions $1.10 73C - Bottle In many cass § where these condi- &« tions are due to im- proper assimilation of food, Tanlac is guaranteed to bring relief—or you get your money back at once. opposed to it risking itself in the early years on enterprises too bold for its young strength. Beneath the diplo- matic and judicial constructions ,Ai Miller’s Herb Extract We now have two laboratory repre= sentatives in our stores to explain Northuwest (Georgetown) 52 Million Bottles Used ing physicians reco me mend Bayer Aspirin Tab- lets. pure. them Keep a hottle handy - for Absolutely safe and of minor aches and pains. The large size, contaming 100 tablets, is decidedly the most eco- nomical. El Producto Optimo El Verso Blackstone La Palina NOTICE . . . le promotion as it was a train- ing cruise for future officers of the w_.iman navy ‘With both passenger and freight busi- ness on the Pacific increasing, shipping companies flying the American, British and Japanese flags are entering on an era of shipbuilding and trade expan- sion. The coming of a German line into the Pacific pieture is regarded as & rea! possibility. These Low Prices Mean Greater Savings! During October You Will Find Many Opportunities to Save More on Health and Beauty Needs Our Store No. 2° Located at 7th and E Sts. N.W. Is Temporarily Closed for Remodeling ! Upon completion, which will take from three to four weeks, this drug store will be one of the most modern and heautifully appointed in Washington. The interfor is to be completely redecorated, with all new fixtures. To avoid 2s much as possible any inconvenience to patrons the prescription files of this store will be removed to Peorles Drug Store No. 51, 604 Ninth Street N.W. Here patrons may have prescriptions refilled and are assured of the same painstaking care and superior service that they have becom: accustomed to in Street N.W. Save More on HOME REMEDIES $1 Horlick’s Malted Milk . . 50c lodex Ointment $1 Joint Ease, large $1 Lavoris Antiseptic. . . . 50c Lysol Disinfectant. . . . 75¢ Mellin’s Food, 10 oz. . $1 Mercitan Lotion . $1,25 Occycristine, 8 oz. . $1 Ovoferrin Tonic. 50c Pape’s Cold Compound . 27¢ $1.35 Gude’s Pepto-Mangan . 81¢ statesmen, he held that the fund: mental thing was, after all, the mental and moral life of the people themselves, because in it lay the clew to those in- stinctive actions which carry history along in times of crisis. After his tenure of office as minister BERING EAR OIL Ambassador of Italy in Paris, and held that post until Mussolini’s fateful “march_on Rome” in the Autumn of 1922. Sforza immediately sent in his resignation in a telegram which was given publicity and was widely com- mented upon. In it 8forza, with his ac- customed courage, fairly and frankly criticized the situation that had arisen with the advent of Fascism and refused to have anything to do with a govern- ment so foreign to his political concep- tions. In Mussolini’s “Memoirs,” pub- ished in 1928, there is reference to this incident, which shows how deeply Mus- solini was stung by Sforza’s action. Nevertheless, in spite of the vivacity of Sforza’s formula of resignation, Musso- lini telegraphed him again, asking him for the Ears ear Wax. nolsy. Use * Bering iay along the shores of the Adriatic. Gains Treaty of Rapallo. | “Count Sforza refused to place the | negotiation on the basis of ordinary diplomatic bargaining. It was to be an | honest conciliation of the national as- | pirations of two peoples which should | finally result in an entente between | them. He offered therefore to meet the | claim of the Jugoslavs with a single |wee&tng concession of all Dalmatia (ex- | cepting Zara), but on the north stood | firm for the natural frontier of the eastern Alps. This the Jugoslav mini- | sters were not prepared to grant. Count | Sforza’s final ultimatum was an appeal | of Matteotti, and Sforza was the only Ear Oil and pote to withdraw it, but Sforza replied sim- ply that he did not believe in the suc- ! cess of dictatorships. 1 Count Refuses Office. | Nature has an ear ofl commonly called Ears ' often become dry, hard, itchy and the difference A Medicated Oil, especially Wast Baskets Enameled in Bright Colors 39¢ Special These metal waste baskets are enameled in bright colors with attractive designs stenciled on them. 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TOILET ARTICLES Priced Very Low Returning to Rome then, Sforza di- rected, along with Albertini, who had been disposed of the Corriere de da Sera, the opoosition to Fascism in the Itallan Senate. For several months Mussolini continued to offer the count this office and that, but he always re- fuse: nd then came the assassination one who had the courage then and there to declare that it was necessary to overthrow by force a government that they should face the unpopularities of the settlement—for any settlement | would be unpopular—with a courage i equal to his own, for he was prepared to . carry through the policy of peace in the Adriatic at the cost even of his own | exile or death: then turning on his| heel he abruptly left them as though | the rupture had actually come. Next | morning the Jugoslav delegation ac- | cepted the Italian program and two days later the Treaty of Rapallo was signed. ‘The author of this narrative goes on to point out that in this episode Count Sforza’s character “stands revealed. Orthodox diplomacy was thrown aside. Dramatic and decisive speech violated all the conventions, but it spoke to the | FoPe consclence of responsible statesmen as man to man. It was not merely by the Treaty of Rapallo that Count Sforza laid the lines of a sound Italian polic’ in the Adriatic. He evacuated Albania while guarding the island of Sassano to watch over Valon: It is small wonder that he should attack the adventurous policy of Mussolini in Albania and the pin- prick policy with reference to Jugo- slavia. Sforza saw clearly that the su- preme need of Italy in Ball was a consistent and generous attitude toward any movement of pacification, even if it envisaged the creation of a le Balkan state: he saw that order and prosperity in the Near East were more to Italy’s advantage than an- archy, and that the best way to dim Ish the exuberance of Serbian nation- _wealth of | from taking steps against the incen- which had installed itself by violence. His democratic colleagues, and even the Socialists themselves, looked rather to the slow destruction of Fascism. - Then Sforza founded, with Amendoia, who was killed two years afterward bv the Fascists, the National Democra®c Union, at the first congress of which he was proclaimed president. He was attacked by a Fascist band and suffered ! grave bodlly injuries. In October, 1926, { his country house was burned by the | Pascists and the courts were prevented other symptoms. 15 yeas Don't suffer longer! SURE diarfes. Since then Count Sforza has been practically in_ exile—an exile which, however has been busily spent in writing and in lecturing both in Eu- and in America. rtunately, he is able to supply the philosophy of his- tory which he professes to his own life as much as he applies that philosophy to politics, and in no place has this been more apparent than in those stud- fes of the great characters of modern history. appetite S Taxi Drivers at Wedding. Seven taxicab drivers were among the guests at the recent wedding at St Giles Church, Holborn, England, of Miss | Jean Forbes-Robertson, the actress- daughtsr of Sir Johnston Forbes-Rob- ertson, and James Hamilton. The driv- ers have a stand near the bride's home “We were invited by Lady Forbes-Rob - ertson,” said one of the seven. “We 7% have often driven-the bride, and we §§p have ‘her grow up.” i 89¢ dorse Pond' B o sicont comahin tion of digestants and herb tonics. d all Promptly relieves gas pains ‘I‘I—_ Harmless. 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