Evening Star Newspaper, August 29, 1929, Page 8

THE EVENING STA " With sunday Morning Eaion. __ WASHINGTON, D. C. UHURSDAY.....August 29, 1020 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor 11th 8t. New uropean Rate by Carrier Within the City. e E 48¢ per month 80c per month ar .65¢ per month Sc per tl\%! ) vach m%m . nt In by mail or Lejephons Bui 4 Sundays) . arne Evenine and Sundsy £ 5 Sundaya) r mo.. mo., 40c Fua only ~. junday only . All Other States and fly ‘rnd Sunday..l sr. $12 E:ur only - junday only Member of the Associated Press. d Preas is exclusively enti ‘epublitation of all rew Canada. h ted dis- s A One-Sided Picture. A day or so of argument remains, but hearings on the street rallway cor- porations’ applications for higher fare are virtually at an end and the Public Ttilitles Commission is almost ready to take the case under advisement for 8 decision. The bulky record of testimony, eon- suming some 2,000 pages of typewriting, bears witness to the time consumed and the effort put forth by the com- panies in presenting their side of the pleture. “They have made an eloquent and a moving appeal that more than once must have cast a thick pall of gloom over the hearing room in the District Building, so disconsolate and plaintive has been its motif. They must have more money. The return upon their investment is too low. The wolf is at the door and the street-car- riding public must come to the rescue with its pennies, which, this public is assured, are inconvenient to handle anyway and might as well be dropped in the fare box. In submitting a melancholy prospect, the companies have been eminently successful. They have not allowed one small ray of light to enter. The only silver lining to the somber clouds is that which might be turnished by the dimes of the customers, If the companies have erred it is ‘because their zeal has lost to them a proper sense of proportion and balance. ‘Their picture is ‘one-sided. It might even be called lop-sided. They have given plenty of attention to a portra of the pauperized condition of the cor- porations. The only attention they have given to the rights of the publie, whose streets they use for profit, has been to obliterate or to attempt to minimize the few strokes made by the Utllities Commission and the spokes- men for the people, who have sought to paint in this necessary and impor- tant element of the scene. ‘The result is that the companies are shown holding out their hands for more money, but offering nothing in Teturn. Search as you will the thick pages of testimony'and the nearest ap- proach to a promise of better or more adequate service in return for more money is found in the following state- ment by President Hanna of the Capi- tal Traction Co.: “® ® ¢ In recent years, with the increased rate of fare and their (the ‘Washingh Rapid Transit Co.’s) ability to purchse new equipment, their busi- ness has gone up, and I want to state right now that if we had a sufficient vate of fare to enable us to purcha: new equipment, which we have not done for many years, and to put our equipment and our service in better shape than it is ncw, that our passen- gers would go up, and it is my sincere belief that in spite of the fact that was brought out in the last two or three days that both here and elsewhere in- creases in the rate of fare have shown immediate falling off in passengers car- ried, that it is not a permanent arrange- ment. I do not know that the rate of fare for which we are asking would be sufficient to enable us to make the sort of improvements in our service that ‘we would like to make, I doubt it very much. But I we were able to make those improvements, to put on modern cars and improve service in that way, I am confident that we would get some of this business back. Of course, all this s surmise. This is not facts. Nobody knows what the facts are. But I belleve that my experience qualifies me to make a rather intelligent surmise on what would happen.” If such an able and experienced executive as Mr. Hanna does not know what the facts are, there are none. All that the public has been offered in return for higher fare has been Mr. Hanna's ‘intelligent surmise, which is interesting, but totally inconsequential a8 & guarantee. The corporations have made a fortissimo appeal for more money. They have soft-pedaled service in return, And there are other facts that are Iknown. One of them is that while the companies contend for a uniform rate of fare, granting their plea means that the public will be paying half its fares to & eorporation whose returns have been falling off after many prosperous years, while the other hailf will go to fattening the returns of & company now on & prosperous footing after lean years, the Washington Rallway & Elec- trie Co., which did not ask for a higher rate of fare until ordered to become a partner in misery of the Capital Trac- tien Co. Another fact that no longer belongs in the category of intelligent surmise is that both of the companies have put themselves on record as favoring cor-, porate merger and unified operation of the traction lines. Such unification would lessen those costs of operation that now form the foundation of argu- ments for higher fai But efforts by the Utilities Commission, designed to hasten this merger, are rebuffed by the companies, as are all tentative sugges- tiens thrown out by th@commission for effecting the possible economies of eperation that lie in such joint use of equipment and rerouting as would be possible without corporate merger. As eloquent and as skillfully put as has been the appeal for higher fares, it lacks that ringing note of sincerity R | end it amounts to this: “We want mere money. We can promise our stock- holders, but not the publie, something in return.” It is high time for a Public Utilities Commission in the District of Colum- bia to give that painstaking consider- ation to the rights of the street car patrons that heretofore has been given to the rights of a relatively few street car stockholde: - Mr. Snowden Sees It Through. Mr. Snowden does not get his pound of fiesh at The Hagus—to use the idiom his detractors have employed—but he has roundly twelve ounces of it. The British ®hancellor's admiring ecompa- triots, who are organizing a conqueror’s welcome for him in London, are ap- parently quite prepared to econsider that 3 ' in obtaining some 75 per cent of his demands Mr. Snowden has achleved a historic diplomatie triumph. Already they are likening his return to England with the victorfpus homecoming eof Disraeli after the Berlin conference, who brought back “peace with honor.’ Germany's assent to the reparations compromise. enforced by the doughty watchdog of the British treasury- is still outstanding. But concessions de- manded by Herr Stresemann seem cer- tain to be granted, substantially, if not wholly. Berlin has discovered that the game just won at The Hague by London is one at which twd can play. Herr Stresemann is therefore bargain- ing while the bargaining is good. Great. Britain obtains $9,000,000 odd per annum more than her fellow ered- itors at first were willing to allot her. Germany, on her part, now insists that after September 1, and pending final evacuaticn of the Rhineland, the full cost of military oceupation shall be borne by the occupying powers and no longer rest upon the Reich. The Berlin foreign minister puts forth this elaim as compensation for Germany's release of her interest in surplus payments under the Dawes plan before the Young plan becomes effective. The old plan, with its larger scale of German payments, would not expire until September 1, whereas the experts in Paris agreed to apply the Young scale as of April last However the further Kuhhandel (the “cow-trading,” as the Germans eall sueh business as The Hague huckster- ing) results, it is impossible to deny that Philip Snowden, onee reviled by Britain's governing class as a rank Soefalist out- sider, emerges with the most impressive trophy of victory brought home by any British statesman since Versailles. His compatriots now are elamoring. in glad- some accents, that it was never the bagatelle of two million pounds, more or less, for which Mr. Snowden was | battling at The Hague. He was gunning | for bigger game. He was out to strike a decisive blow for British prestige. He was bent on letting the whole warld know that British diplomacy was no longer to be regarded the catspaw of Europe’s post-war political and eco- nomic necessities, regardless of Great Britain's needs and interests. Having stood like Gibraltar for this principle, Mr. Snowden has indoubtedly not only heightened his own status as a statesman and a patriot, but he has as unmistakably rendered the British Labor party a yeoman service. To have challenged the empire's admiration so singularly—to have brought sueh laurels to Britannia’s brow within six months of taking office—is an accomplishment on which the MacDonald government may legitimately plume itself. If it were to go into another general elec- tion tomorrow, it would probably secure, on landslide proportions, the absolute majority it does not now possess in the House of Commons. There is, ot course, gnother side to Mr. Snowden's distinguished service medal. At what cost has Britain bought victory at The Hague? What feelings does it leave behind in the breasts of the vanquished? What is the future attitude of France and Italy, Britain's sister powers in the Mediterranean and Africa, going to be? European states- men are adept in the harboring of dip- lomatic grudges and in craving oppor- tunities to wipe them out. Time will tell whether, after all, the Snowden game was worth the candle, c———. - —— Kill the Flea! ‘The Star has waged a campaign against the fly for many years, until its slogan “Swat the fly!” has come to be a household word among its readers. Among the many factors which make Washington & healthy eity this is not the least. ‘The control of noxious insects is neces- sary at all times. This includes not only the fly, but also the various roaches, water bugs and the bed bug and the mosquito. Last, but not least, the flea presents a menace. Every home which harbors a dog or cat faces the danger of a flea plague on a small but very dangerous scale. The Bureau of Entomology of the Depart- ment of Agriculture has issued & timely warning, pointing out that the life habits of the insect demand particular vigilance, Fleas lay their eggs while on animals, and the eggs fall among debris and soon hatch into slender maggots, which live in the dust and produce another brood of adults in from two weeks to thrze months, . It is stated that the adult flea can live for several weeks without food, which explains how hordes of hungry fleas may greet the family on its re- turn from a vaeation. ‘The flea is no laughing matter, as many seem to think. Any who is bitten by them knows better, Noer can any one laugh about the subjeet who has seen the list of scores of deadly diseases which may be transmitted by them. - Eternal vigilance against the flea is the best home policy. Modern science has evolved many good insecticides, and the Department of Agrieulture is ol- ways glad to give adviee. Kill the flea! B The Graf Zeppelin did not sail over Washington, D. C. However, automo- biles bring each day -more sight-seeing visitors than a dirigible could carry. A Magnificent Accomplishment. ‘The world is congratulating Germany today. For the first time in history globe. The ship which performed this mans and built by Germans and flown by Germans. It is a triumph of tri- umphs in the annals of aireraft devel- opment and to Germany must go entire credit for fostering the plans of Count Zeppelin to the point where a ship an airship has circumnavigated the magnificent feat was eanceived by Ger- | gi G_STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., THURSDAY, AUGUST 29, 192. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL, porting humans around ‘the faster than has ever before been ae- eomplished, L Twenty-one days ago the Graf Zep- pelin left Lakehurst on its epochal voyage. The first stop was at its home port, Friedrichshafen, a distance of ap- proximately four thousand miles. A |few days rest and Dr. Hugo Eckener, bullder and commander of the great leviathan of the air, pointed its nose over uncharted lanes toward Toklo, Six thousand, eight hundred miles more were churned behind its whirling pro- pellers before the Graf settled lasily down onto Japanese territory. Another short rest and a minor acci- dent and the first non-stop flight over the rolling Pacific was begun. Three days later, with another five or more thousand milés in its wake, Los Angeles greeted the monster dirigible, its eom- mander, passengers and crew. Then the final lap was started, and early to- day the Graf again reposed in the Navy hangar at Lakehurst, twenty-one da: seven hours and thirty-three minutes since it vanished into the black night on its first lap to Friedrichshafen, but more remagkable still, with only a little more than eleven days actual flying i time. Around the world in eleven days! Shades of Jules Verne! What mar- velous steps man is taking to annihilate distance! What will come next from this nation that ten years ago finished with a devastating war. It is supreme in the air and on the & Its ocean liner Bremen will unquestionably set a better mark when it is well broken in and the new dirigible that Dr. Eckener is already planning will profit by the |lessons learned from more than Aty thousand miles of fiight with the Grat Zeppelin. The congratulations that are being showered on Germany today are richly deserved. S New York authorities say’ that crime | has decreased in Manhattan. One of the characteristies that make New York 0 influential is & sublime and insuper- able optimism. ] A seat on any stock exchange is commended as sure to rise in value. There is at least one form of specula~ ;t(on regarded by fln‘neul experts as | comparatively ! D In spite of the publicity given that ornate insect, the Japanese beetle, the | old-fashioned American caterpillar con- | tinues to do most of the real damage. o eees ‘Though doomed to wander in realms | of obscurity, Trotsky stil expeets to be | heard from so long as he has his trusty | tvpewriter. | ) who find Speculators themselves known as the “Wailing Wall Street.” - eee In settling debt questions, ne nation, | careful of home opinion, ventures the magnificent gesture, accompanied by the remark, “Keep the change.” —————————— Splendid as his achlevement has been Dr. Eckener can hardly expect to rival | Lindbergh as & picturesque air per- | sonage. e A Zeppelin is not graceful. It brings new respeet to the homely adage, | “Handsome is as handsome does.” —— . There is a growing tendency to esti- mate a diplomat, not by the clothes he wears, but by what he has on his mind. [ Soviets apparently intend to show the Chinese how to carry out their idea of- making a bad government worse, ———— SHOOTING STARS. | BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Deing Business. Airship returning! Let him pass! Paddle wheels are churning Round a barrel full o’ gas! Folks pause to chatter ‘Bout the fiight. 5 Ask 'em, “What's the matter?” And they say, “Oh, what & sight!” Airship a-sailin® Through the blue. Schedules once prevaflin® Lose a day or two. Folks keep debatin’ As of yore— But the airship’s in waltin® To do “biz" from shore to shore! Giving the Public What It Wants. “Are you a wet or & dry?” “I am both wet and dry,” answered Senator Sorghum. “The thirst in poli- ties is like that of the private indi- vidual. It may demand recognition, only to be followed by sincere remorse.” Jud Tunkins says the friend who is slways reminding you of your duty gets to be just about as popular as an alarm clock. Taking the Air. He aviated in a way Which was much to be dreaded. He is “air-minded,” some would say, And others, “He's light-headed!” Exchanging Confidences. “Did you tell your mother where you are going?” “Oh, yes,” answered Miss Cayenne. “We always exchange confidences as to our dates. It might be a trifie embar- rassing to meet at the same night club.” “We look inte the pas the sage of Chinatown, “only to learn that’ our ancestors anticipated us in some of our most serious mistakes.” Not So Cheap. They often told.me “talk is eheap”! ‘This I believed until ‘The 'phone folks broke my slumber deep And sent.me in a hill. ey “A chicken,” said Uncle Eben, “helps slong many a Sunday dinner foh de ailmple reason dat it can't be identified without de feathers.” Warring Over Pact Treaty. Prom the Worcester Daily Telegram. It seems that Russia and China take the Kellogg treaty pretty seriously after sll. Each of them is getting ready to ive the other s .oose drubbing for violating the treaty's terms, ———————— It's Too Late Then. From the Worcester Evening Gasette. There is 8 large elass of motorists ho need te remember that they can't when they . mpeded to make it canvineing. In the Aamed after him 1 capabls of trans- to the |erased from stock exchange aetivities | may decide to consecrate an area to be | Nothing will take the joy out of read- ing & good book quite &o effectively as the unspoken thought, “Now I am be- ginning to read.” He who wants to kill a book instantly has only to assume this self-conscious attitude, and watch the interest of the work expire. The only way to read is to fall to without thought or eare. Then the joys, expected and unexpected, spring ur on every .page, like fresh flowers along a winding road. Every book is a bright journey down s path which perpetually hides from view, but which as persistently opens up new vistas every moment. It is only when one stops to admire, to realize to himself, “Why, now 1 am seeing mmekhindg. that the pleasure goes out of reading. ‘The one sure way, then, of enjoy- ing what one reads is to plunge into a book as a diver does into water, without thought of bumping one's head or strangling. T) doubtedly. Every one i3 not a good reader, simply because he knows one word from another, any more than every one who can swim is a good swimmer. To go hll(ln"ly through so many pages of text—that is not, reading, in the best sense. It is work, and read- ing is never work. excitement, to those who have any busi- ncu_mreldlnl igl.d i e good reader begins with his se- lection of a book. 1f he trusts too much to the opinions of others he may find himself fooled. Nor can he put any too great reliance in the name of an author. Many a writer, urged on by an ambitious publisher, who wants to cash in on a former success, comes out with a new book not half so good as the old one. The reader must be- ware such pitfalls which lie in wait for him. Reading is not the easy, ef- fortless thing it scems, but if one ap- proaches it from the standpoint of a duty. or a task, or a genuine effort, he is likely to ‘et.boredom for his pains. * k% ‘The number of people who do not seem to know how to read is astonish- ing. In the majority of instances they are like would-be horticiflturists who do not go into the garden often enough to become familiar with their plants. s0. To read without enjoyment is better than not to read at all, perhaps, but it is not very much, after all. One will have to have read enough, and for a long enough period, to be- come familiar with the mechanics of call himseif a reader. One can- not fool himself in this any more than in most personal matters. Even the most boastful person knows when he is not the great shakes, as the saying is. which he sets himself up to be, and so it is in the kingdom of books, where there are great readers and great pre- tenders, too. little to do with it. although one cannot escape the belief that he who has read many books has a decided advantage over the slight reader. A wide famil- farity with authors and their works i beneficial, but not absolutely necessa if one makes up for the lack by a cer- tain thoroughness of spirit in his read- ing. The less a reader is conscious of his reading the better reader he ls. This means that he will have few, if any, intervals, while reading, when he wakes from the spell into which the book easts him. Children often are great readers because their imagination | helps them escape wholly from the hum- drum real world into the vivid world An old house of colonial together with an inter- sting tower. Located at 1800 Pennsyl- ia avenue nortl t. This estate is one of the most coveted in America, suitable for an all- | year-round home. Although somewhat damaged by fire in 1812, it has been thoroughly = repaired _and repainted white. The tower is 625 fest hizh and might be utilized for a silo, if rented to the Farm Board. 5 “For terms, inquire of the present occupant of the mansion, at his office. No publicity gate-crashers considered: the terms of sale require immediate donation thereof to the United States Government.” * ok ko While considering this ancient castle as a rare antique, it is noteworthy that some collectors favor more movable relics—such as Admiral Dewey's flag- 3 , with which he an- nihilated Spain's fleet in Manila Bay in half a day, although he had pre. dicted that it might be an all-day job. It seems to justify the reputation sometimes given to Americans that they imagine anything can be bought with money, when a sincere offer comes to the Becretary of the Navy from & New York financier, r chase the flagship of Admiral Dewey and donate it to the Government (which already owns it), stipulating only that thereafter the ship must be kept on exhibition in the Tidal Basin of the National Capital. The Secretary of the Navy has polite- declined the responsibility of accept- ffer, either to sell or receive & osition of Govern- n the power of Con- gress, rather than in that of a cabinet official, but Secretary Adams suggests to the newspapers that Congress may decide to preserve the historie vessel by donating lg to the District of Columbia. ‘A naval officer finds possibilities of complications even in such an act, o1 then, perhaps. this little community would be faced with increased taxes to maintain it—increased taxation without representatiori. He points to the vain struggle that has been made to keep up the Revolutionary ship, the Constitution, through popular subscription. However, in the course of conversation, he re- called that the equall mous 3hip, Oregon, reiic of the same Spanish- ‘American War, is now the property of the American Legion of the State of Oregon, and is anchored, permanently, at Portiand, where the American Legion intains it g‘l:nm admission. It requires full time of a dozen men to keep such & ship clean and painted. PERER «you may fire when ready, Gridley.” The Am?ricin Legion of the District of Columbia hereby accepts the Olympia, if given title thereto by the Government, and agrees to anchor it in the Tidal Basin and keep it ship-shape forever, or until Chicago discovers Noah's Ark on Mount Ararat, 2s the Windy City is pro- sing to do. po‘l‘heg Leglon will charge the same ad- mission here as is charged in Portland to see the Oregon. The writer has not consulted the Distriet officers nor the executive com- mittee of the Legion, but if they should be disinelined to take over the project then the George Washington Post, No. 1, will do so, the commander thereof al- ready being committed to the enter- prise. Among the members of this post are Gen. Pershing and more major gen- erals, brigadier generals, naval officers and corporals than can be counted. The Olympia could be made the headquar- ters of all military and naval organiza- tions of the Capital, and a museum for housing the fl;fl and other relies of the days before. the pacifists had totally abolished navies and armies of national defense. Our descendants will find it as interesting as we do the relics of pre- historic ages in our National Museum, for are not all present defenses to be abolished? ER mtmum\imodmt‘:hkhn , for 8 gen- ook Fules of aatisnal fus- Iy ing the of gift, since the dis; ment property lies takes a little experience, un- | Even technical matter, filled with| formulae, is interesting, replete with | One cannot garden 8o, nor can one read | reading, before he will be entitled to The mere matter of quantity has| roposing to_pur- | by charging visitors 25 of the book, where colors are brighter, sunshines sunnier, love lovelier and everything glossed over with unreal hues more n-t;xn.l ';hn:\ lite itself. ‘The real mark of a reader is the abllity to stay submerged, as it were, beneath the spell of the work. Every coming up to breathe, and every time he breathes he is no longer a reader, but a human being. Thus a reader is sore- thing other and different, something at once not wholly human, any more than the spectator at a theater is precisely & human being d nothing more. Every one who has come under the spell of a great dramatic ‘work realizes that for the duration of the act, at least, he has become a disembodie spirit, a kind of god looking down from lympus upon a scene of humanity. Words, as such, ceass to exist for the reader who comes under their woven spell. In order to put himself into this enviable position he must read quickly, smoothlessly, effortlessly. It may be said t! hat this !l"clh'ty‘ hl: ssion of the many, not of ?PM}IEH i8 no snobbishness in read- ing. any one who can read in this man- ner is the 1 of the best, because there Is ng greater in reading than the spell. It was this magic whic] the blind Homer dispensed upon those Greeks who sat listening to him sing the “Tliad.” He conjurad, out of words, deeds, emotions, thoughts. the lving body of narrative which has survived to this day in listeners, inasmu neath the spell, wei various forms. ch as they fell be- re nlder;: l'h" :m; underwent is precisely what a r’nder of & good book experiences today. * ko ¥ ; of the most curious experiences !"fi:‘; can come to a reader is the | awakening frém the spell, and the going | back into it again. He no longer is | consclot of the chair in which he sits or of the book which he holds: his right foot may go to sleep beneath le. and he will not be aware of it; he does not see the light in the window or the shade beneath the sill; outside noises make lnu impression upon his jnd or muscle, mg\?ddenly no more than & curious word, never seen by him before, breaks the spell as if with a sledgehammer blow. He becomes re of the chair in which he sits, and finds it un- comfortable; he wakes up to find that his foot has “gone to sleep.” the blood | cireulation hampered by s constraint somewhere; he sees that too much sun is coming in, Sencatn, hia window neal v v. beThe feeling which comes over him | is difeult to deseribe, but every reader | knows it, and has experienced it in | every book. The less, the better reader he—or the more fortunate, it is difficult to say which. The 'mrd‘y spell is | broken, the golden bowl of narrative | smashed to smithereens. The fortunate, happy thing is that he can pick the bowl up an a page or two. g & great noise ‘The spell may be made as good as new by a diligent appli- | cation. And just as few, if any, have ever caught themselves going to slecp at the exact second when they slid into | unconsciousness, so few readers. no matter how good they think themselves, | are able to tell at just which word the | .spell took possession of them again. | they could, it would not be the spell And, as the best readers read by whol ! clauses, sentences, or even gln(nph,. instead of word by word, the thing is | impossible, anyway. The spell of a book cioses in imperceptibly, quickly, surely. and a good reader shall | not be released from it until he put tHe volume down, and maybe not even then. “BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. that is too sapred to be trified -\l’l({l. America has reason to be ver | proud of the achievements of her won | derful Navy. In every war our Na | has led all others in invention, ‘n prow- |ess and in victories. In the cark days of the Revolution, we had no Navy at first and were forced to charter priva- teers, but when the Constitution was launched. she was the leader of all the navies of the world. We first applied steam to ocean vessels; we first used steel-clad battleships: we first sent the Monitor against the ironclad Mer- rimac and showed the world in a day that all navies in existence must be re- tor; ‘e have met the enemy and she is ours!” -Our Navy crashed the gate of Japan and opened the Qrient to world commerce. Our Navy transported the millions of American soldlers over that | “bridge of ships” and enabled us to win | the World War. | ** % x | Admiral Dewey met Spain's fleet of superior power under the very guns of | formidable fortresses commanding Ma- nila Bay. Furthermore, he faced the | almost open interference of the German fleet—itself superior to the American ships. 1t is recalled that just before Dewey left Hongkong for the Philippines he | was visited cn shipboard by Prince| | Henry, brother of the Kaiser, who in badinage remarked: “Commodore, I will send my | Manila to see that you behave." To this Commodore Dewey retorted: | “I shall be delighted to have you do | s0, your highness; but permit me to | caution you to keep your ships from be- | tween my guns and’ the enemy.” | _ After the victory over the Spanish fleet, Dewey established a blockade of i Manila, and a month later five German cruisers under Rear Admiral Von Died- rich arrived—also one French, one | Japanese and one British cruiser. The |0ernun ships made themselves ob- noxious by showing sympathy with the ,armnds and ignored the usual rules of a blockade by moving their ships around at night and landing provisions on shore. Dewey sent his flag lieutenant to Von Diederich with a protest against this “‘extraordinary disregard of the usual courtesies of naval intercourse,” and he directed the officer to warn the Ger- man rear admiral, “Brumby, tell Ad- miral Von Diederich if he wants a fight he can have it right now.” i It is of record that in the years just prior to Admiral Dewey's death, while he was a member of the Naval General Planning Board—after the outbreak of the World War—it was part of his work to perfect plans for naval action in case we got into a war with Ger- many. He did not live to see the oc- casion for the use of those plans. * k% ¥ Although the admiral had ceased to | battle h life before we entered the World War, such was not the fate of . his famous flagship. The Olympia be- came the flagship of the U. 8. Patrol Force, under Rear Admiral Wilson, on the Atlantic Coast, and later served in the Eastern Mediterrancan and Black Seas, and after the armistice she did valuable service in carrying food to the Russian refugees. As Josephus Daniels says in his book, “Our Navy at War,” “Dewey and the Olympia were the link between the Spanish-American and the World Wars.” She has been out of commission since ships to 1922, What could be a more glorious monu- ment, to American patriotic service than the Olympia anchored in the National Capital? (Copyright, 1920, by Paul V. Collins.) o Better to Wash Dishes. From the San Jose Mercury Herald. A 17-year-old girl is writing a novel. 'Most everybody now is writing one. And they sell because the writers feel obliged to read what the ether writers 3 the S vouia B8 einar 1 ney waktid diaes: time he becomes story-conscious he is and he is aware that| d put it together again in| Holds Anderton Erred. Secretary of Beet Sugar Associa- tion Says Statement 1s Necessary. To the Editor of The Star: May I take exception to some of the more glaring errors contained in Mr. George P. Anderton's recent letter on the sugar tariff? A clear statement is necessary because he either misunder- stands the operation of the tariff or his calculations were intended to prove an entirely untenable point. Mr. Anderton argues that, if sugar were placed on the free list, the cost to the consumer would be 4.24 cents a cents might be deducted from the cur- rent retail price of 6 cents a pound. That, of course, is lpure assumption. It is impossible to foretell what would occur if sugar were granted free entry, save only that the domestic industry most assuredly would be killed. Once that had been accomplished, Cuba would have complete control of the American market and might. adjust sugar prices at any level she desires. Moreover, if the argument for free en- try is a valid one, Mr. undertake to explain the price of cof a_commodity on the free list. 8ince 1013, according to statistics of the De- artment of Labor, coffee prices have ncreased 65 per cent. Sugar, in all those years, has advanced only 16 per cent, an increase less than that of any other food commodity except rice. Obviously, free entry for coffee has re- h | sulted in no great saving for the con- sumer. From the point in his argument at which_he subtracts the rate of Cuban duty from the current retall price to arrive at the goal of 4.24 cents, Mr. is | Anderson's mathematics become as con- fused as the Mad Hatter's tea party. For a time he calculates costs to the consumer on the basis of the Cuban duty. Tiring of that, he substitutes the world rate of du!{. which has not the remotest practical force because less than 1 per cent of our sugar imports pays that tariff. He assumes manufacturers of food products who use thousands of tons of sugar must urchase at the same price as the gou.wwm who buys 5 pounds at the corner store. He compares his hypothetical price of 4.2¢ cents with a still more hypo- thetical price of 7.24 cents—a figure which would include a world rate of 3 cents—and arrives at the astonishing conclusion that “the housewife with & family of five will contribute practi- cally $15 & yur’u‘:’r the support of our omestic sugar industry.” domest e aU%ith any knowledge of the tariff system believes thnt"t‘he f\:‘l:ul;:lr y ssed on to the col e No one who has f the sugar industry believes that the average American consumes directly, as Mr. Anderton im- plies, 100 pounds of sugar a year. No one, with & single exception, can give serfous attention to “savings’ based on metaphysical calculations which strike a balance between non-existent free trade and a world rate of duty which s not in effect, and would have no practi- cal force if it were in effect. The truth of the matter, demonstrated over a long period of years, is this: A large part of the tariff is absorbed by manufacturers of cheap, foreign sugar who are seeking our markets. Another large part of the cost of the tariff is sorbed by the manufacturers of soft drinks, candy and other food products. 1If the House rate of 240 cents a pound were granted, the sugar in a bottle of p would coft less than a mill addi- fonal and the increase in the cost of | eandy would likely be infinitesimal | Since candy and pop scll at established prices, there is no possibility that the consumer would be called upon to pay that cost of the tariff. i The direct per capita consumption of sugar in the United States is about 60 unds. Thus, if the 240 rate were evied and the full effect passed on to the consumer, the additional cost to a family of five would be no more than $1.92. Like s not, it might be less. Mr. Anderton indulges in a learned discussion of “Senator Borah's bounty plan“—no mean accomplishmont view of the fact that the Senator ha | not. to my knowledge, made public an: | such proposal. | Sugar imports last vear produced | some $130,000,000 in revenue to the United States. How many members of Congress would support a plan that will mean the loss of that much money to the Treasury? What other commodity 1d they fax to make up for the loss? ! Would they increase the duty on butter. | which now pays 12 cents a pound, or about $250,600,000, if we accept Mr. Anderton’s theory that tariff costs are directly assessel to the consumer | Under the proposed Hawley-Smoot bill. | the butter rate is to be increased to {14 cents a pound, bringing the total cost to $292,000,000, according to the Anderton method of calculation. haps the members of Congress would select milk, on which Mr. Anderton’s | reckoning would set the present tariff | cost at $262,000,000 and at a still larger sum under the proposed ¢-cent increase. These seem tremendous totals, and they | are. Senator LaFollette and Repre- | sentative Frear both hail from milk and butter producing States and both, I un- derstand, are advocates of a bounty on | sugar, but neither one of them up to | the present made any public objection |of the proposed rates on milk ‘or butter. ‘The purpose of a bounty, or bonus. on | sugar, so its advocates say, is to make | sugar cheap to the consumer. Strange enough, it doesn’t work that way. From 11890 to 1894 we had duty-free sugar and a bounty on domestic production of 2 cents a pound. The average price on refined sugar in New York during that period was 5 eents a pound. When the bounty was removed a duty of 40 per cent ad valorem was imposed. Did the price of sugar advance? It did not. The average price was less than it was during the free sugar period by 70 cents a hundred pounds. So long as the price of sugar or any other commodity is es- tablished by a foreign country it is a mistake to imagine that the tariff gov- erns the price to the consumer. For example: The present tariff on sugar against Cuba has been in effect since the Fall of 1922, or seven years. Dur- ing this period refined sugar has sold in New York as high as $10 a hundred pounds and as low as $4.75, vet the tariff was stationary. The fact is that the price of sugar is based on what Cuba can get for her raw sugar laid down in New York. An examination of the record of these raw sugar prices i | woul simple enough to imagine that if sugar were permitted to come into this coun- try free, Cuba would have sold raw sugar as low as 1.69 cents? If there are such persons they are not to be found among practical sugar men, who know better. ‘The trouble with all free traders, such as Mr. Anderton, is that they overlook the human element which enters into all trading. People as a rule get what other peopie permit them to get, and if the tariff were out of the way Cuba wonld at once take up the slack and we would have to dance to her music. Adequate protection for the domestic sugar producers is protection for the American consumers. That fact is il- lustrated sharply by conditions which prevailed in 1920. In that year, after the domestic sugar supply had been depleted Cuba was left in complete contrbl of our market and prices mounted steadily until they reached a peak of 30 cents retail. They remained at abnormally high prices until the following year, when the domestic sugar again reached the market. That single experience in sugar cost the United States about $688,000,000, or enough to pay for the sugar tariff for five years. retmon in the sugar industry is as healthful as it is in any other pur- sult and conditions which rrmlt fair competition are much to be desired, and to compete on terms which are at all uitable the domestic industry needs a higher tariff. There is no threat to the consumer implied in the request for ad- justed rates. HARRY A. AUSTIN, Secretery U. S. Beet Sugar Association. oo Looking to 1930. Rost ot the. m“""fln"fimrn are ;u:“mitut to eaoturing 1930 pen- pound, since the Cuban rate of 1.76 | D. that | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Take advantage of this free service. If you are one of the thousands who have patronized the bureau, write us again. It have never used the service, in_now. It is maintained for your benefit. Be sure to send your name and address with your question and inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Address The Eve- ning Star Information Bureau, Fred- eric_J. Haskin, director, Washington, . In what eity in California is there an airport hotel>—D. B. A. The first airport hotel in the country has been opened at Oakland, Calif. The hotel contains 37 rooms besides ticket offices, restaurant and rest rooms. It is being well patron- ized by airport personnel and by Mnl.(lfl'! who arrive at the airport at night ready to board the early morn- ing planes, Q. How much money is invested in the United States by citizens of other countries?—R. C. A. Dr. Julius Klein, Assistant Secre- tary of Commerce, says that citizens of other countries hold more than $7,000,- United States. Q. How many people are necessary to constitute a riot>—H. T. T. A In law a riot is the tumultuous disturbance of the peace by an unlaw- ful assembly of three or more persons in the execution of some private object. Q. What are smallclothes?—S. H. 8. A. The tight-fighting knee breeches of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries were called smallclothes. Q. Does the Carroll family still Doughoregan Manor?—C. E. McW. A.—It is no longer in the possession of the Carroll family. Q. How many stars are bright enough to be seen by the naked eye?>—C. G. E. A. The Naval Observatory says that the number of stars in the whole celestial sphere bright enough to be seen by the average eye on a clear, moonless night has been estimated to be between six and seven thousand. As one-half of this number lies below the horizon, and haze near the horizon hides many more, the total number visible at any one piace cannot greatly exceed 2,500. The biended light of man: milijon stars in the Milky Way may be ;’QE}:I'. but not the individual points of ght. Q. What is the origin of the expres- sion, “pin money"?—C. B: §. A. The expression, “pin money,” origi- nally eame from the allowance which a husband gave his wife to purchase pins. At one time pins were so ex- | pensive that only the wealthy could af: own were permitted to sell them only on January 1 and 2 of each year, and ‘when those days came around the wom- en whose husbands could afford it se- cured pin money from them and bought their pins. % Q. What is the averagé height of the sunflower?—A. P. A. The Department of Agriculture says that so far as it knows there has never been any authentic record made { concernin, | flowers. owever, .it is estimated that | filfeo‘t is usually the height of a healthy plant. 000,000 worth of investments in thz‘ ¢ | © ford them. The manufacturers of pins | the average height of sun- | Q. How do cashew nuts grow?—M. H. A. Cashew nuts are not real nuts in the manner of spe: . ‘They are the seeds of the cashew fruit, but unlike the seeds of most fruit with which we are familiar, which are in the center of the fruit, the cashew nuts form the end of the fruit. The fruit itself is | delicious. It is used in the tropical | countries for the making of beverages, | preserves, ete., or may be eaten raw. Q. Who founded the Ne of Mound Bayou?—C. M. e A. It was founded by Isaiah T. Mont- | gomery and Benjamin T. Greene, once | slaves of Jefferson Davis, president of | the Confederacy. Mrs. Mary C. Booze, ’x""“"p’fi..','{ [Dational committeewoman rom ssippl, is the dau; . lac“t‘rm“rml’l’ ighter of Mr. Q. How many davs of the vear are, ;nz place or another, holidays>— A. Of the 365 days in the year, 239 are bank or public _holidays in one country or another. People engaged in international transactions find it neces- sary to keep track of them all. Q. How long is the Yosemite Val- lryA?-!. B. : . The valley is 7 miles lon floor averages 1 mile in width. s ;t‘:ficn' (rt:’m‘ z‘;ngn to 4,000 fe overed in 1851 and was named after the Indians who dwelt there, Q. Where is the largest convention hall in the world?—G. G. A. Atlantic City claims it. This hall, built by the city at a cost of $10,000,- 000, is 350 feet wide by 650 feet deep and seats 40,000 people in the main | auditorium. Q. Why is Delaware sometimes called the Dismond Sta J. H. R. A. This nickname is given to Dela- ware because of its small size and great importance. Q. Who was the first Duke of Clar- 'nce?>—B. R. | A. The title was created for Lionel, second son of Edward III, when he | mn;n]id the heiress of Claire, a town in | Suffolk. Q. Where s the rest }!Dok!n?~c. J. B. i s A. This is & matter of opinion. Some | authorities on languages say that as wure English as one can hear is spoken t Trinity College in Dublin. Q. Where is the deepest oil well in the United States>—O. O. H. | A. A recent report stated that the deepest oil well is in Reagan Coun Tex.. on land owned by the University of Texas. the depth being 8523 feet. It is difficult to make an accurate | statement of the deepest wells, gince wells are constantly being drilled. | Q. How many actors and actresses are there in the United States>—D. P. |, _A. At the time of the last census, 48172 persons were listed actors, actresses and showmen. Q. From what plants is starch ob- :m':’ed besides corn and potatoes>— A. Starch has been successfully made from sweet potatoes, arrowroot, sago (tapioca) and green bananas. The De- partment of Agriculture is making ex- tensive experiments at this time to de- |termine the relative values of the |starch obtained from the different plants. and the comparative costs. | jin A Fishermen and philosophers every: ; Where delight in President Hcover's re- cent talk with his Virginia neighbors bout fishing. which the Chicago Daily | | News thinks “would serve as a charm- | h"l Dpostscript to ‘The Compleat An- er.’ " | _“Thus,” observes the Daily News. “Mr. | Hoover's toilsome Summer, with fts (week end interludes. has enriched the | lore of fishing as well as the chronicles | of statescraft.” | “Horse racing is the proverbial ‘sport | of kings." But fishing—the silent sport’ ! —is coming to be rated as the spert of | Presidents,” says the Pasadena Star- | News in its comment on the speech. “In a sense, after that Virginia speech.” the | Omaha World-Herald remarks. “we feel that we have gone fishing with Hoover. | We like this glimpse of the President. | 2nd his talk to the Virginians in camp.” This view is shared by the New York | Herald-Tribune. which adds: “The | President talked about fishing. a subject { which he knows very thoroughly, and discussed it in & manner which must | | have been & revelation to those who ! know him only as a serious-minded ad- ‘mlnlsh’alor and engineer.” Continuing. {the New York paper points its own | moral, saying: “We must not forget our | vigorons origin. In frontier days there | were the risks of exposure to the ele- | ments, of famine, of hostile attack. To- | day we are no longer living the pioneer | life, but the dangers of soft ease, dis- | | tracting mechanism and overflowing | plenty are perhaps greater than those which the ploneers faced. Mr. Hoover does well to remind us that man cannot | be complete if he lcses touch with the | essentials of living.” | k% The speech was a “gracious expres- | sfon of gratefulness for the ncighborli- | ness of the Virginians. It was a pleas- 1ing tribute to the attractions of Vir- ginia as a place for fishing in season. and for rest in a refreshing climate and among scenic glories.” suggests the Kansas City Journal-Post. The Charleston, §. C., E\‘tnmx Post considers it “impossible for an Ameri- can to know or to understand his country without some familiarity with and a deep affection for Virginia. Mr. Hoover,” continues the Evening Post, “has shown that he could not resist the charm of Virginia. by pitching his camp by one of its swift streams, and his neighbors have shown how they can both celebrate his coming among them and also respect his privacy.” “President Hoover's speech to his Vlg'glnl. neighbors was in the good taste of his unostentatious purchase of his Summer camp in the Virginia mountains for his own use and that of his succcssors,” the Newark Evening News declares; while the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette thinks “it gives a further revelation of the personal side of Mr. Hoover to the public, furnishing an insight into the reason for the many enduring friendships he has made, with sly humor as well as ,)hflomphy work- ing into his conversation in periods of relaxation.” “The catching of fish is not essential to the prosecution of the piscatorial art,” in the opinion of the Spokane Spokssman-Review. ‘“While some men may go fishing primarily to fill their creels with fish, other, no less genuine fishermen, go ‘to be periodically reminded of this fundamental fact—that the forces of nature diseriminate for no man.’ And if that does not make bet- ter men of them, there is no virtue in a presidential encomium.” The Fargo Forum holds that “to be alone is to be strong, kind, great, and out of one's aloneness comes the equipment for the morrow's tasks.” EER Searching for the effect of success- ful angling on the President, the San Antonio Expres$, in imagination, gazes “u) the man who caught the ‘whale’ ufl}" a long, stiff fight,” and asks: “Is there about him anything remotely l\llf:lfln' a disposition to admit that he is a poor, frail creature, rather than a lord of the earth and of the waters thereunder—brawny and brainy unto the nth power of skill and keenness?" The Express concludes: “No, all men are not equal before dead fish. How does the President feel when his catch surpasses the strings brought in by his gomp:lnlnm‘ at t{m mountain eamp? umble and frail?” ‘“There are many other forms of Tecreation that compel & change of President’s Virg inia Speech ‘ Called Fisherman’s Classic mental processes, but only fiching per- mits one to draw silently within one's self and still play the game.” declares the Columbus "Ohio Evening Dispatch, but the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, while it “quite agrees with Mr. Hoover that | fishing s all that when it is good.” e presses doubt, that “it has all tho: - ities when it ix bad.” e .. The Flint Daily Journal feels that ‘there is something wholesome and re- freshing about a President who enjoys the ancient and honorable recreation of angling.” and that in his talk “he made many friends.” for his hearers “enjoved it far more than they would if he had discussed some problem in national government.” The Cincinnati Times-Star concludes Qm ‘after studving she gorges of China’s rivers and sounding the depths of Australia's and California's, Mr. Hoorer has found & new world of ad- venture at the moun ot tain springs cf the e Galileo Teachings Brought Censure To_the Editor of The Star: Last Sunday's Star contains a portrayal by J. Carroll Mansfield. in his interesting series “High Lights of History,” of Galileo's contributions to science. It unfortunately loses anv educational value by its departure from | thoroughly authenticated historicel facts, and by setting forth as history | what has long since passed into the | realm of myth. | The authentic facts regarding Gali- |leo’s treatment by the church are very different from tho: related by Mr. Mansficld. who states, “The church | maintained that they (Galileo's writ- ings) contradicted the Seriptures. and summoned Galileo to Rome to renounce his doctrine of the earth’s motion.” In 1543, nearly 100 years before, Copernicus, a Catholic priest, dedicated |his work “On the Revolutions of the | Heavenly Bodies™ to Pope Paul III, who | graciously accepted this tribute. Thus, icomn!cu and the full knowledge | of the church authorities, had set forth | the theory of the earth's motion round | the sun, and suffered no reproof. Not only that, but years before. a great | Catholic prelate.” Cardinal Nicolas de | Cusa, publicly taught this theory and brought upon himself no punitive action by the church. Consequently, to account for Galileo's | censure by the church we must srel | for some other cause than simply his restatement a century later of the theory of Copernicus. ~Astronomy long since has rejected advanced as proofs. ‘The truth is that it was not th= church in the first maintained, as Mr. s that the theory contradicted the Scriptures. On the other hand, it was Galileo, like some modern agnostics and freethinkers, who insisted on cast- ing doubt on Holy Scriptures, certainly a matter of concern to the church. In 1615 he made a solemn promise i‘m refrain from publishing his particu- ]lar views. He later broke that promise | despite the fact that a pension had been | given him to pursue his studies con- ditional upon his not offending ti> | faith of the people. He so far forgot | gratitude and good manners as to be offensive to his good friend and patron, Pope Urban VIII. As to Galileo's al- legend remark, “E pur se muove” (mis- spelled in Mr. Mansfield's cartoon), this was put into his mouth, so to speak, about 100 vears after his death. It first saw light in an edition of a French biographical dictionary. PATRICK J. WARD, National Catholic Welfare Conference. 0il on Troubled Waters. Trom the Akron Beacon Journal, The farm board has given ten mil- lions to the citrus growers of Florida and the grape growers of California. ‘This will quiet political unrest in the fertile Mississippl Valley. —eeon Educational Activities. Prom the Sious City Tribune. nd the col- Only a few weeks hence ai handling some educational a digni- | leges will be activities in ordsr to | fied background for