Evening Star Newspaper, August 10, 1929, Page 3

WETNESS OF CITIES 1S REAL PROBLEM Alliance of Bootleggers and Politicians Seen Dry Law Difficulty. (Continued From First Page) ‘The number of other millionaires croated by violation of the prohibition law is amazing. In one case, for in- stance, which involved six bootleggers, we found that in three years they had | evaded paying taxes and had built up THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. POSTAGE STAMPS OF THE VATICA house and kill them with a volley mm! sawed-off shotguns. And so, in Chicago, the United States attorney has not _made war alone on the bootleg ring. With the co-operation of the State prosecutor. attack is being made, and successfully, on the whole army of the lawless. The situation in Chicago exemplifies the difficulties in many other large cities. In the same county are 92 smaller communities. To one of these, Chicago Heights, there were 60 murders attributable in five years as a result of gang wars, An Honest Politician. But when the wheel of political for- tune brought into the office. an honest, efficlent and determined United States attorney and a State’s attorney of the same kind at the same time, law en- forecment became far from a hopeless task. The information and assistants of each prosecuting officer’s staff were freely exchanged. There is a co-ordi- nation of effort similar to the co-ordi- nation and welding of the allied armies in the World War. When the forces | T such fortunes of magnitude that they |of the law begin to work together, in- owed ths Government the following stead of at cross purposes or in an un- amounts in faxes: One of them owed | related manner, results are achieved. $1.300,000—that is, the tax, not the The influence and investigations of the | money he made: another owed $280.000 | State’s attorney secured the revocation | in taxes, another $415.000, another |Of the licenses of 1,400 soft drink par- $312.000, the others $72,000 and $33,- | 0rs. 2.854 speakeasies, places which had 000, respectively. | furnished a large part of the work for Fvidence in the “Big four” con- | spiracy case at Savannah, Ga:, revealed | the fact that in three years a ring-! leader of the bootleg industry derived | such profits from the inportation of | liquor and other illegal operations that he was reassessed for income taxes in the sum of $1,243254.29. Another owed $301816.09. Lesser fry in the organization had dodged taxes ranging from $245,000 to $53,000. - Bootleggers and Politicians. Because of all this ready money and the great value of the city vote in elec- tions, there has been a marriage be- tween bootleggers and corrupt politi- cians. ’ With the liquor operations are often combined other big city “grafts.” For | instance, the United States attorney at | Chicago recently called my attention | to some accounts s in the Chicago | Heights raid. The: records consti- | tuted the bookkeeping of income from | slot machines only, and not from pro- hibition violations. The revenue over a period of three years, according to the books kept, was approximately $725,000 a year for these machines. This represented the result of slot machine operations in an area where there reside not more than 100,000 people, & small suburban city in the southern part of Cook County. The record sheets that were seized showed in detail the revenue from each ma- ehine and the division of the profits among the five racketeers who con- trolled this form of lawlessness. Still Hope. The district attorney. Mr. Johnson. ! said to me, “I have often wondered | what the total figures might be, since there are about 4,000,000 people Ln‘ this county, including Chicago, if every 100.000 population produced ac- cordingly.” We can only guess the ag-| gregate profits from all the rackets in and near Chicago. but based on the | spoils from slot machine operations alone, the total in a year's time, in-| cluding revenue from bootlegging, the | operation of disorderly houses, and pro- | tected gambling establishments, would | amount to $25.000.000 or more a year. With possible profits of such enor-| mous proportions it will be seen why the job of prohibition enforcement is one of such magnitude. And the fact that those tempted to engage in boot- legging and allied activities know very well that even if apprehended the con- gestion of court calendars probably will give them many months to temporize and use political pu.' or in the end op-| portunity to plead yuilty and be ‘“re- warded” with a fine of only a few hun- dred dollars or a term of only three or six months in jail. explains why the; forces of lawlessness never lack for re- cruits. But the chances for law enforcement in the big cities are far from hopeless. Such men as Mr. Johnson. the United States district attorney at Chicago, and Roscoe Patterson, former United States | attorney in Kansas City, Mo., and now Senator from that State, and Haveth Mau of Cincinnati, who sent literally two carloads (83) of city and county grafters to Atlanta, have proved that where there is determination to enforce the law, coupled with legal ability and high personal integrity, prohibition can be enforced like any other law to curb the operations of the criminal element of society. Quick Money. The prohibition law has not given birth to any new element of lawlessness. It simply has attracted those who would in any event try to “beat the law” in some racket, designed to make big money quick. The proof of this lies in the fact that the names of Al Capone and others of his gang run through cases involving all of the many rackets. The | same men who are involved in Chicago in the trade union rackets—by which legitimate business or organizations are forced to pay tribute or have their places blown up and their employes slugged—are at the heads or in the ranks of the big liquor rings and in- volved as well in the slot machine graft and the election fraud cases. The type of men who descend in a swiftly moving automobile on the garage which is the headquarters of a rival liquor gang and exterminate them with a machine gun is the same as those who kidnap the poll watchers of the opposition party on election day, take them to a deserted — SPECIAL NOTICES. T WILL NOT BE_RESPONSIBI Aeieainee than. thote coniTheted by mYsnIT, (Signed) IRVING GORDON, 1 Rock Creek Church. Yon. Washington. b. ! 3‘ v{ll‘l' N;UT‘BdEbRIHPONg} "‘Pb o ts contracted by any ofher oIf. Fork T MAURER. 615 So. Car. aver s 15 FE_MOVED YOUR NEIGHBOR—LET 08 know wners and when you wish to move, ana you, too. will like our service Natfonal 9220. 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PFARM. one MV dotkule on Yosd to = ‘Potomac, Md. EACHES ARE RIPE AT QUAINT ACRES Thousands of baskets of chuice. tree- every day til} 9 pm. om the Districi: a pleasant Drive throuzh Silver Sprins, Sign at farm entrance. ve. turn right at Sligo. | b | to bootleggers in Oklahoma, Kansas, . | big cities if we can find more men of - | vealing the astoundin Federal officers charged with prohibi- tion enforcement. The United States district attorney, with his limited force of assistants and investigators, and with only one out of three Federal judges available for trying criminal cases, could not hope to deal effectively with the racketeer gangs operating in the 92 smaller communities of the county. But the county attorney, with his larger staff and indirect control over thou- sands of police, sheriffs and constables, could not only help to enforce the pro- hibition law but the State's liquor law and the other laws of the State which supplemented or were akin to Federal criminal statutes. For instance, the Federal and State forces can co-operate with each other in cases involving the stealing of auto- mobiles, liquor cases. the robbery of drug stores and other places contain- ing post office substations, the pos. session or sale of narcotics. and rob- jes of or embezzlements from banks allled with the Federal Reserve system. | “Chee Chee” Dodges. Then, too. when the State takes tion where it has exclusive jurisdiction, i such as in slot-machine gambling de- | vice cases, it often puts an end to| joints which have also violated the | Federal prohibition law. And the crooks who always asked a jury trial in Chicago, knowing that the State or Federal court docket was so crowded that such a request would bring about long delay, are now often disagreeably | surprised to find that a Federal charge | is substituted for a State one, or vice | versa, and the desire for a trial by a| jury of peers is thus promptly “grati-i fled,” and promptness was anything but what they wanted. Por years Kansas City, Mo, was notorious as one of the wettest spots in America, One of the principal fac- | tors in that situation was Frank (Chee | Chee) D2 Mayo, known far and wide | as a “king of the bootleggers.” He | operated not only in Kansas City: he supplied liquor through his organization Missouri and other territory. He was bold enough to maintain an office in a bullding directly across the street from the Federal Building, the headquarters of the prohibition agents and the United States Courts! His operations were so conducted, through lieutenants and go-betweens, that the regular force of prohibition agents could not—or did not—establish proof of De Mayo's own connection with the large-scale bootlegging operations that were flooding Kansas City and the Southwest with liquor. De Mayo's | spotters and tip-off men gave warning of every trap set for him. ‘The Law Closes in. But when Roscoe Patterson took | ~harge of the situation, as United States attorney, he determined to bring De Mayo to face the law. His first step was to secure the detail to Kansas City | of the keenest men in the Federal narcotic and prohibition investigating | services. We exchanged many letters | over this. | De Mayo himself seldom handled | either the money or the liquor. He| largely directed the operations of a big force of makers and distributors of | alcohol and whisky. Those who wanted liquor for wholesale or retail distribu- tion might see De Mayo once, end by him be placed in contact with the members of his organization who actually handled the liquor and re- ceived the money. That made actual evidence hard to obtain on him. But the special investigators wotmed | their way into De Mayo's confidence | and obtained definite proof of his own participation in prohibition violations. Even after the evidence was gathered, the fight had just begun. De Mayo was tried not once, but four times. Every legal obstruction was interposed in his behalf by a large staff of skilled lawyers: Three times conviction was prevented by the re- fusal of one or a few of the jurors to gree on a verdict of guilty. Then ad- ditional investigations were made by Department of Justice operatives whom 1 finally was able to get assigned to the work, as well as prohibition agents, and we secured evidence of attempted Jjury tampering. The result was that when,De Mayo was again brought to trial the jury, which had been carefully guarded from outside approach, even before it was selected and sworn in, and which was sequestered during the trial, brought in a verdict of guilty. De Mayo was sent to the penitentiary for three years. Moral Effect of That. Such a prosecution has a “moral effect” even more important than the immediate result of removing one man from active participation in violations. When the dozens of little bootleggers see their “king” go to prison in spite of the protection of political leaders and of a swarm of high-priced criminal lawyers versed in every technical de- fense, the small crooks are frightened, and either cease operations or seek other fields less dangerous. Further- more, the public is aroused to desire and back clean government. It was the skill, ability, courage and bulldog tenacity of the United States attorney in Kansas City, Roscoe Patter- son, which brought the important De Mayo case to a successful conciusion. The skill and resourcefulness of the agents who investigated the case and furnished evidence for the indictment would have been valueless without the services of a prosecutor determined to put guilty men behind bars no matter how often it might be neces- sary to try the case to expose jury tampering. Prohibition can be enforced in the g;:’ type of Senator Patterson of Kansas And such men can and will be found if political influence is disregarded or curbed by those who have the respon- sibility for appointments. Undoubtedly the 1!2::)” are wet—but they are not | hopel ly so. (Copyright. 1929, by Current Pe res. Inc.) News Now that the Pope is a temporal ruler, with a kingdom of his own, with wer to coin money, make stamps, etc., these postage stamps have been issued Jor use by his subjects. Price of each is indicated by lira.—Associated Press Photo. SERGT. YORK NAMED BY STATE AS HEAD OF MOUNTAIN SCHOOL | War Hero Wins Recognition‘ by Tennessee After Eight- Year Fight. | i Captor of 132 Germans Has Pledged Life to Educating | lliterate Hill Folk. By the Associated Press NASHVILLE, Tenn, August 10— Sergt. Alvin York, the unscivoled ‘ien- nessce mountaineer who gained fame | by capturing 132 Germans single | handed and returned home' to invest| his prestige in educating his people, | after an eight-year fight has been rec- ognized for his achievement by appoint- ment to the presidency of Alvin York Agricultural Institute in Fentress County. Decision of the Tennessee State Board of Education to make him head of the institute ended the bitter, pro- longed fight during which his control has been' contested in factional political wrangles and legislative maneuvers. Pledges Life to Education Fight. Returning from France at the close of the World War bearing the decora- | tions of all the allied armies, Sfl'gt,( York pledged his life and his slender | resources to emancipating his home folk ‘ | SERGT. ALVIN YORK. tire command drew thousands of hear- ers. He aiways followed his war story with a picture of the scant chances for schooling afforded the boys and | gitls in the mountains of his home | State. School Was Political Foot Ball. After Sergt. York had founded the school donated by the State, the insti- tution soon became the object of fac- tional politics. In Fentress County one from illiteracy. Himself deprived of | faction questioned his control, claiming education advantages, he realized the|the State appropriations committee hazard of inadequate schools to the | placed the school under State super- youth of East Tennessee. | vision. York, finding his hands tied, The strength of his earnestness in | went before the State Legislature and his move for education was evidenced | threatened to establish an independent by his turning down a $1,000,000 vaude- | school if he was not made head of the ville contract in order to devote his agricultural institute. time to lecturing in a campaign to raise _ Finally it was decided the State funds for schools. | Board of Education had control and His speaking tour carried him prac. vesterday the board appointed the World tically to all sections of the United War hero and educational campaigner States, where the story of his forcing president and manager of the institu- a German officer to surrender his en- | tion. CONFSCATEDAUTO. PROES ADVANCE MYSTERY HIDES FATE OF 3 FLVERS U. S. Marshal Reports on French Fear Swiss Met With! Disaster—May Have Start- ed New York Hop. Sales of Cars Taken ‘[ From Bootleggers. l The average price paid for the 105 BY the Ascociated Press. " LE BOURGET. France. August 10.— confiscated automobiles which have been Mystery surrounding disappesrance of sold by the prohibition department since | three young Swiss aviators who left January 1 of this year has been slightly | here Thursday deepened today. Air of- higher than that which the United ficlals admitied a distinct possiblilty of sa ster. States marshal's office was able t0 ob- |~ The aviators, tal fain during 1928, Whether this Increase | o i o oty ad ot roa] is due to bootleggers using more expen- | caiq at their departure they were going sive cars or whether the sales are be- | to F‘ coming better attended by prospective buyers, United States Marshal Edgar C. Snyder cannot say. So far this year $4,392 has been re- alized from the sale of cars seized for transporting liquor, showing an average price of $41.83. Last year 287 machines ‘were disposed of at an average of $35.21 each, totaling $10,134. This is a record for any one year. 'During 1928, 15 addi- tional cars were turned ‘over to the ‘Treasury Department to ald in prohibi- tion enforcement. g Procedure in Sales Outlined. ‘The procedure for the disposal of automobiles, the drivers of which are arrested while transporting liquor, was explained by Marshal Snyder. He said the cars are held until the owners’ trials, and upon their conviction are turned over by court order to the office of the United States marshal for sale. Before holding the public auction of the confiscated property, however, the ‘marshal’s office is obliged to advertise the sale for 'four consecutive weeks in the local newspapers. The make and | Lisbon to initiate a transatlantic | flight toward New York. Nothing has | been heard from them since. It was regarded as possible they really began their transatlantic flight here and have been swallowed in the Atlantic’s vastness, leaving no trace be- hind them. It seemed lm&robnble that if they had met with a mishap even at an out-of-way French town it would have not become known after so long an interv: The aviators arrived here Monday from Zurich. They were: Oscar Kaser, pilot; Kurt Luescher, the backer and a mechanic, and Alfred Tschopp, na gator and mechanic. They had a man plane. f Marriage Licenses. Lemuel P. Phillips. 22, and Martha Crowe, 19, "both of Richmond, Va.; Rev. John E. Briges. 2 Sandy Martin. 23, and A : 3 Rev. Shaties & Buer, s M Burs et Mettler, 2n; Harold 8w 25, and Ma and Hattie Y. Koonce, 3. 20; iy ¥ ¥ : Rev. C. Harold Douglas. Henry L. Polk, 30, and Emily M. Miller, C., WOLL RAPS USING U. 5. CASH ABROAD Foreign Investment Policy| Menaces American Masses, Labor Head Says. By the Assoc! Press. | ‘WILLIAMSTOWN, Mass., August 10. —Matthew Woll, vice president of the American Federation of Labor, ad- dressing the Trade Relations Confer- ence of the Institute of Politics today, said that the United States had reached a period where it must view “our de- veloping foreign investment policy as involving & menace to the wellbeing national future.’ Pointing out that between $300,000,- 000 and $400,000.000 of American money is at present invested in stocks and bonds of manufacturing companies in Europe and that approximately $500,000,000 is invested -in American | branck plants on that continent, Mr.; Woll declared. "We have come to a | sharp turn in the road. We face a new | problem.” Investments, Not Loans. “This new movement of money is not a loan,” he sald. “It is an investment of American money in manufacturing plants owned by Americans in foreign countries. In those plants are made commodities that might be called American commodities, since nearly all of them originally were made in this country: most of them are patented gere and they find their best market ere. “But In every case, the wage pay Toll stays in the foreign country. The power used is developed and paid for in a| foreign country. The property tax is ! paid to another country and raw ma- | terials. at least in part, are bought and paid for in another country. “Pinally the commodities are largely shipped baek to the United States to be | sold here in a market that has been bereft of the wages paid in manufacture and bereft of a hundred other benefits | of manufacture, in & market that ex-| tends its governmental protection to the | commodities in the form of patents and trade mark protection. 3 “It will be said that the profits from these ventures come back to Americans. | | but these profits, if and when there are | profits, return to the stock and bond- holders and not to the masses of the! people. Prosperity” Problems. “In spite of all our vaunted prosperity, we have the problem of increasing un- employment and underemployment. Until this problem is solved, the cus- todians of the national savings, whether they be bankers or industrialists, have no moral right to employ the invested funds in their hands outside of this country on mere promises of higher: financial returns. By such a process | individuals may get back their invested capital, but the country never will re- | | cover its lost opportunities. | “Nor is that all. Our official diplo- macy has bullt up the theory that; American interests are to be protected | by the American Government wherever they may be. “American factories are operating in a dozen countries where they may be menaced by violent attack. I am trying to see the possibilities, not as an alarmist, but as something of a realist. Just this sort of thing has involved us in more than one military operation and we have no reason to believe we have seen the end of such operations. Within the next five years we may easily enough see our troops going to the ends of the earth to ‘protect’ fac- torfes that have gone to the ends of the | earth seeking easier fleilds for the | exploitation of workers.” ; Cites Ford's Irish Factory. | g the manufacture of Ford | tractors in Ireland as an outstanding | said that electrical appliances, break- fast foods, machine parts, clothing, shoes and rubber goods were | also manufactured in large qulntltlui | | | women’s | by American plants in foreign fields. “I am among those who believe the world has not yet reached the millen- nium,” he concluded. “But as I see it, ‘we are about to enter upon a period of international competition that will overshadow anything of the kind the ‘world ever has known. DISCLAIMS MERGER PLAN. T., P. & W. Denies Road Will Be- come Part of Wabash Company. The Toledo. Peoria & Western Rai road has denied thay it is to become part of the Wabash Railway Co.” or | any other system. A circular letter is- sued to patrons of the former company set, forth that such s merger was im. plied in the application of the Wabash to the Interstate Commerce Commis. | sion for permission to enlarge the Wabash system. The denial was um‘l out to patrons of the Toledo, Peoria & | Western_system over the signature orI George P. McNear, jr., president. 17th and G lighted. No_inside bedrooms. with colored porcelains. Large Built-in sell on convenient terms. exact ‘deseription of each car must be given, so_ that al persons possessing liens on the property may have an op- portunity to enter a claim. As not infrequently happens, the cars are stolen or ly pald for, or are owned by citizens who do not know of their use in the liquor traffic. In such cases the marshal’s office either pays the remainder of the installments or returns the car to its rightful owner. Cars Held in Storage. During the month of advertising prior to the sale, all such cars are held in storage at the Fidelity Storage Co., 1420 T street, where the auctions are con- ducted. A list of persons known to be inter- ested in the sale is kept by the marshal and notices are sent to them before the acution. Bt & Grucneal Jro ¥, and Mildred verett &, Gru 5 3 28; Siev. Prancs Farnatl Moo " Morrison, 41, ‘snd Lorens th of Charleston, W. Vi 24, this city, as 23, ‘Marion,’ Vi . Mo Ralph A. Shank. 26, and Evelyn V. Ecki 22 Yot ‘ot Landover, Ma.: Rev James H. fers. Mi%hh W. Locke. 24, and Ruth N. Thorne, 24: Rev. George ummins. Percy i Fowler: S0."Whd Bdith M. Reed. William H.' Atkinson. 28, 5 ward- ", oth ot Batdtmorer Ma- Rev: Al aner O Onderniil. 38, Albany. N._¥. Mary V. Cox, 0. Waverly, A ) (In her next article Mrs. Willebrandt will begin tracing the “big leaks.” re- g abuse of the alcohol permit system and the power and’ corruption of the forces behind the alcohol steam-roller.) Today? Yesterday? Tomorrow? BOSTON, August 10 (#)—Letter re- ceived at the office of the Railway Mail | Service here: 2 “Dear Sirs: The Evening Bulletin has not been coming regularly. Today I got yesterday's paper and when T get yesterday’s paper today the next day I get the paper of the day before the day of the paper I got the day before. Last year I Teceived the paper of the day. before .and never once there s miscue. Please fiz-it.” .. | auctioneer. The next public auction As a rule about 30 machines are dis- | posed of in a day, Marshal Snyder es- timates. The largest sale was of 92 cars on July 6, 1928. A total of 69 cars was confiscated during the past month and are now in storage, according to John J. Clarkson, deputy marshal and net‘i'nlfi ...vou are thinking of a new apartment, don't fail to see those wonderful— 5 »nd 6 Room Apts. 2800 Ontario Road None Better to be Had Only 4 Left BLISS PROPERTIES 35 B St. N.W. Lincoln 1860 1401 Fairmont St. N.W. take place August 27. AL ED, Power- equipment is sup- ting -drawn machinery on Y‘u’i-«mmcum 1313 H St. N.W. Only O of our masses and the security of our SATURDAY, AUGUST 10, 1929. PRUSSIAN PRISON POPULATION DROPS UNDER NEW-SYSTEM | . {Principie of Educating Criminals, to Re-/ socialize Lawbreakers, Gains Ground 1 and Gets Results. i sixth of a series of articles on European methods of desling with minals. 8! BY HENRIETTA W. BINGHAM. ‘BERLIN, August 10 (N.AN.A) —Though the principle o feducation rather than degrading criminals is finding widespread support in , even today a convict may lose his civil rights. | An increasing number of “conditional pardons” is being granted to save | the early offender the stigma of prison. ¥ i Recidivism is only 20 per cent and prison popularition dropped from a | daily average of 70,000 in 1923 to 32,000 in 1928. In Prussia, as in all Germany, Penh mas, have mirrors on their cell walls nsti- | and photographs of family and friends; tutions, A _darker stigma, often|also they may have a plant to cultivate. | accompanied by loss of civil rights, | Sunday afternoons they are allowed an | This ls the erooks and crl tentlary and prison are distinct | attaches to the penitentiary. | has passed. example of investment abrcad, Mr. Woll | = See Them at Once Opento9 P.M. OWENSTE ‘There are minor differences in the treatment of the two classes of prison- ers. Prison dress is blue or grey: that | of the penitentiary is brown. Prison convicts may smoke: those of the peni- tentiary must not, save in exceptional circumstances. | Differences in Working Hours. | ‘Eight or nine hours ily work “is | required of prison inma nine to ten | hours in the penitentiary. Those in prison don’'t have to do agricultural work; itentiary convicts have no choige. ut in respect to individual treatment no distinction is made. In 1914 there was a daily average of 47,000 convicts in the penitentiaries and prisons. In 1923 the number had in- creased to 70,000. This was largely dye u‘;‘ abnormal conditions in Germany then. In days when it took millions of marks to buy a stamp and housewives lined up before shops by the thousands, hoping through an all-day vigil obtain » quarter pound of something | to stave off hunger, no wonder prisons were crowded with wretches who took what came their way without regard to the legal aspect. As soon as the mark was stabilized the number of prisoners lessened. | Nineteen hundred twenty-four shows a daily average of 54,000, and in 1928 there were only 32,000. The Conditional Pardon. | Various causes contributed to this| sharp drop—15,000 below 1914. The condition pardon granted an ever- increasing number of smaller offenders doubtless plays an important role. Probation of three to five years, accord- ing to the crime, is allowed. If within this time the culprit’s conduct is ex- emplary, he is not compelled to serve | his term. But if he transgresses way during this period he must serve the entire time of the first sentence, in addition to the second. | The Prussian ministry of justice re-| gards this innovation as productive of | very good results and hopes for further | decrease in crime through persistent, | intelligent. ‘ppllutlun of modern theo- ries. | “Revenge” Idea Passes. i The old idea of.revenge for erime It is no longer the aim| of penitentiary and prison to disgrace | or degrade the prisoner. but to educate | him. The prisoner must not be treated as an outcast, but he is educated along lines best enabling him to cope with life when released. Imprisonment must be utilized in every way to convert the criminal into| & law-abiding citizen. ~He must be| taught to work, but this must not be regarded as punishment. He must be brought to see that work is essential to success in life. Hence all work required | of him must have a constructive, posi- tive value. An_important, recent advanee in| Prussian penal administration was the | introduction of the gradation system.| The basic idea is gradually to moderate | the rules of prison life and to increase | the freedom of the prisoner according to diligence and good behavior. Every prisoner starts in grade 1. Those in the penitentiary remain in this grade t least nine months, those in prison at least six months, juveniles at least three months. | Privileges for Prisoners. | No privileges are granted during this time. At the end, if general behavior | admits, the prisoners are promoted to| grade two. In this grade various privi- leges are granted. The prisoners may have visitors, write letters more fre- quently, receive packages on their birth- aay anniversaries as well as at Christ- Fly in Safety See Great Falls from the Air, $5.00 Hop Flights, $3.00 Student Instruction Short or Long Passenger Daily Fi | CONGRES AIRPORT Rockville Pike NEW HOUSES Streets S.E. Now Open for Inspection Six-room honses with sleeping porch ~enclosed, heated, Bathroom and kitchen equipped front and back porches. Garage We have priced these houses exceptionally fow and will IN(©: District 0908 ICORPQRATED ne Left An Attractive Detached House at Row House Price 4011 21s t St. N.E. A Few Blocks North From R. I. Ave. This house is of attractive design, conveniently arranged and well constructed. The special features are sun parlor opening off the living room; the bedroom closets, large enough for dressing rooms, have window and electric light; the bath and kitchen equip- ment of green porcelain and the Electrolux in green; also the high attic, large enough for tw Convenient Terms o rooms. Open for Inspection | hour’s chat in & common sitting room without supervisjon. The third grade gives considerable liberty. Receiving visitors. the prisoners may wear their own clothes instead of prison dress. They may spend 3 marks 2 month on additional food. . During | to the radio or play games. They may, have light in their.cells until 10 o'clock. | Also a certain amount of self-govern- ment is allowed, whereby .they appoint | their own officers, held responsible for | order. - | These facts I obtained from the Prus- sian Ministry of Justice. A permit was | given me to visit a women’s prison, formidable, window-barred building in| the heart of Berlin. ‘Women'’s Prison Spotless. T was escorted into the office of the superintendent, a refined, intellectual- | looking woman, belonging to one of the oldest aristocratic families in Germany. prison. Scrupulously clean it was, with an abundance of light and air. T saw| women at work in the kitchen, in the laundry. washing windows, painting walls. T saw their individual cells, the bathrooms. school, hospital, chapel, ex-| ercise grounds. I took a bit of their| dinner; it tasted good. Certainly it was wholesome. Beef stew, with pota- | toes and sauerkraut, well cooked, well} seasoned. For the sick there was| boiled rice with sugar and milk. I had no opportunity to speak more than a passing word with the prisoners, but my inspection and my conversa- tion with the superintendent convinced me that the Prussian Ministry of Jus- tice is making a serious, sustained ef- fort toward the resocialization of anti-| social elements. | It is t0o early yet to obtain reliable | in any | statistics on the success or faflure of ! || present-day prison administration in| Prussia. It is safe, however, to predict | hat the country at large will not suffer | from its endeavor to educate rather than punish, for the standard of con-} duct as a whole will be raised. | The attitude of a nation toward its| lawbreakers is a gauge of the ethical | earnestness of the nation itself. | Next—Prisons and Crime in Holland. | (Copyright, 1929. by North American Ne paper Alliance.) T gbend,) CHNESE STUATION WORRES BRITAN Dispatches Tell of Apprehen- sion as Clashes With Rus- sians Are Reported. By the Assoclated Press. LONDON, August 10.—Some alarm was felt here today at reports of events along the Manchurian-Soviet Russia border, where increasing military ac- tivity, with considerable artillery firing, greatly heightened tension between China and Russia. A Harbin dispatch to the Daily Mail sald that authorities were apprehensive with respect to events in the near fu- ture. Much military and civilian ac- at many points in Manchuria are reported. There was arfillery fire Thurs- day at Pogranichnaya, where Soviet air~ | the entertainment hour they may listen | planes flew over the town. The dispatch sald there had been widespread sabotage along the selzed Chinese Eastern Railway, witth the ratl- road cut in three places at Harbin and a bridge near Pogranichnaya destroyed. The ships at Harbin were set on 3 Armed Chinese patroled Harbin dur- ing the night, searching_several build- ings and arresting many Russians. Proc- lamation of martial law was discussed. The dispatch further sald that a Russian proclamation issued Tuesday declared the Red army would protect all Soviet citizens “within 10 days.” Chinese troops were said to be movin northward. Hundreds of Soviet na-- tionals have applied for visas for their | She conducted me through the. huge | Passports, but expected considerable dif- ficuity in crossing the frontier. Sabotage Is Feared. ‘TOKIO. August 10 (#).—Rengo News Agency dispatches from Manculi, today sald that Chinese yesterday arrested and imprisoned 85 Soviet employes of the Chinese Eastern Railway at Khailar and 56 at Pokotu. The action was taken as a precautionary measure against the threat of a general strike. Other Soviet employes were kept under a close watch since it was feared they would attempt sabotage. WANTED —to handle the securities of a new Public Golf Course to be erected. Applicant must have own office and prove qualification to handle such a proposition. 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