Evening Star Newspaper, August 5, 1929, Page 8

8 THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY . .August 5, 1929 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company usiness Office: Rate by Carrier Within the City. 3 45c per month tar 60c per month a ¥ .86¢ per month ‘The Sundav Star . .. ¢ per cony Collection made at fhi of each month. Orders mav he sent In by mail or telephone NAtional 5000. 5 Sundays). Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. 1 yr., 210.00: 1 mo., 85c 1y, $6.00: 1 mo. S0c 1y, $4.00; 1 mo., 40c All Other States and Dail G o, 31.00 ally 4 Sunday..1 yr., $1 : 1 mo., Dailv oniv T tae: 1 e tise Bunday only mo., 50c Member of the Associated Press. | The Associated Press is exclusively entitled | 1o the use for republication of all news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All richts of publication cf special dispatches herein are also reserved. The Unchanging Soviet. 1t is to be hoped that Senator Borah and other well-meaning advocates of American recognition of Russia are not confining their reading of the news from London to daily developments in the naval limitation situation. During the past few days the negotiations for resumption of Anglo-Russian dip- Jomatic relations have been broken off. ‘With every desire to reknit the official | ties which the previous Labor govern- ment effected, Foreign Secretary Hen- | derson had to admit that Moscow pre- sents & snag on which London's plans have been abruptly wrecked. Russia was informed that the price of the Soviet's readmission to British favor was twofold: (1) A guarantee that Russian debts to foreign governments were recognized and would be paid, and (2) A pledge that Communist propa- ganda in British territory would cease. Russia’s response to these demands was a flat refusal to discuss them until after diplomatic recognition was ac- corded and ambassadors had been ex- changed. Thereupon Downing Street notified the Kremlin that their dis- cussions could not proceed. It is not surprising that the Mac- Donald government is unwilling to fraternize with the Soviet again on the sights-unseen system. The Labor premier has not forgotten that his pre- ceding term of office was brought to an untimely end, five years ago, after the discovery that Communist Russia was grossly abusing the privileges which diplomatic recognition by Great Britain had allowed it. The Labor statesmen | now intrenched in power do not intend | to be hoist by the same petard l{ second time. A burnt cabinet like a, singed child fears the fire. The Washington Government is en- titled to derive special satisfaction from the attitude of the British authorities, The Russian policy of the United States is on all fours with that now proclaimed by the London Labor administration. Our reasons for with- holding recognition from the Com- munist czars are concerned, too, with the sanctity of debts and our determina- tion that American soil shall not be- come the stamping ground of systematic and subversive Red propaganda. Now that the two great English- speaking democracies are so de- terminedly on record with regard to Communist intrigue, the demand of Nationalist China in its pending dispute with Russia over the Chinese Eastern Railway, assumes particular significance. Nanking is no less in- sistent than London and Washington that the Bear “which walks like a man” shall at least have his Communist ; claws drawn before he is permitted wi tread the paths which nations have marked out for their own happiness and security. e —r———————— One or two more successful trips will gain the Graf Zeppelin what may be re- garded as the greatest practical tri- umph—that of running so securely on schedule that the trip is regarded as! nothing sensational. A Big theatrical enterprises have merged and merged again. Entertaining talent, ‘however, has not yet found a way to expand so as to enable the supply to keep up with the demand. The Virginia Primary. Regular Virginia Democrats—as dis- tinguished from those who opposed the election of Alfred Smith last November and who continue to oppose the Demo- cratic organization which supported Smith—will select their candidate for governor at a primary election tomor- row. The winner in the primary race later must meet the candidate of the Republicans and the anti-Smith Demo- crats, Dr. William Moseley Brown. In the past, the Democratic primary election for a party nominee for gov- ernor has been the last word in Vir- ginia. After the Democratic nominees were selected for office, it was all over but the ratification in November, which followed as surely as day follows night. But this year it is different. Dr. Brown has been nominated by the Re- publicans of Virginia for governor as well as by the anti-Smith Democrats. ‘This combination a year ago carried the State by approximately 25,000 for Hoover against Smith and also brought about the election of three Republicans to the House of Representatives. It re- mains to be seen whether a similar combination, supporting a Democrat, can elect him governor this year. The combination has strong incentive to hold together. In the first place, if it suc- ceeds, the regular Democratic organiza- tion will receive a terrible jolt—a jolt from which it will have the greatest difficulty in recovering. In the second place, the anti-Smith Democrats, in- cluding their leader, Bishop James Can- | need them. Fortunately for his temper- | The big requests come rollin’ in which- | its sixth year, non, jr., are fighting not only for their political lives but for justification of their course. They are out, they say, to “smash the machine” in Virginia, ‘There are three candidates for the Democratic nomination for governor: Rosewell Page, a brother of the late Thomas Nelson Page; John Garland Pollard, a member of the faculty of Wil- liam and Mary College, and G. Walter Mapp. It is generally conceded that the race lics principally between Pollard and ‘Mapp. It is the expectation of many of the politicians that Pollard Ffll win the namination, Jt 45 beleved 7 he has the support of the “organiza- tion.” It is a dangerous affair for any party organization, however, to cast its support to any candidate in a party pri- mary. The hands-off policy until nom- inations are made is generally conceded to be the path of wisdom in a two-party State. Virginia, however, until recently, has been a one-party State and the or- ganization has fought and won pri- maries time after time. The candidates for the gubernatorial nomination have conducted vigorous campaigns. It remains to be seen, after the nomination has been made, whether the followers of the defeated candidates will swing into line behind the nominee. There is no doubt that the party Jeaders will do their utmost to bring about a general outpouring of Demo- crats for the gubernatorial candidate in the Fall. They have every reason to do so. But primary fights are not con- ducive to party harmony, particularly where the organization has mixed in. Virginia, in the Fall election, will hold the limelight this year. It will be the first big test of the ability of the Demo- crats who were split wide apart in sev- eral of the Southern States in the presi- dential election last year to get together again. The Republican party in a num- ber of States went through the same experience in 1914, following the Bull Moose split. — e The Graf Zeppelin. The Graf Zeppelin again has crossed the Atlantic from its home base at Fried- richshafen to Lakehurst, and Dr. Hugo Eckener, the world’s greatest authority on lighter-than-air craft, has won new international laurels with Germany's silver pride of the skies, And again America extends hearty greetings to man and ship for a superior flying ac- complishment. Ninety-five hours out of Friedrichs- hafen the Zeppelin seitled gracfully on the field at Lakehurst, bettering her previous record by more than sixteen hours. Eighteen passengers, a stowaway and a crew of forty-one were carried by the big ship, which covered a total dis- tance of approximately five thousand three hundred miles. That this fiight will lend impetus to the perennial discussion of the merits of lighter-than-air craft, compared with heavier-than-air, is almost a foregone conclusion. Both types have ardent supporters. Unquestionably Germany, first with Count Zeppelin, and now with Dr. Eckener, has from the beginning taken and held the leadership in de- velopment of dirigibles. And with the Graf Zeppelin she has further drawn away from other nations. Opponents of lighter-than-air ships, | even with the accomplishments of the Graf in the foreground, claim that the big gas bags are highly susceptible to the elements and even at their best speed are slow compared to airplanes. On its previous trip across the ocean Dr. Eck- ener’s dirigible took almost a full five days and was damaged by & storm, thereby supporting those who argued that steamship and train travel would have been almost as fast and infinitely safer. On the other hand, lighter-than-air supporters point out that even if a dirigible is not as fast as the airplane it can with ease remain aloft without refueling for much longer periods and with the development of ‘“blue gas” which weighs the same as air, can car- ry larger pay loads. This statement is, of course, borne out by the fact that the | owners of the Graf Zeppelin charge only the reasonable sum of two thou- | sand dollars for a four-day trip from | the interior of Germany to the United | States. No airplane built or building could accomplish the same result. Although the discussion will probably go on forever, so will the building of both types of ships. Each has its dis- tinct field—the airship for the “long hauls” and the airplane for the “short hauls.” Until a new type of motor or new fuel is invented for the airplane it | will continue to be inferior to the; dirigible in flights over long distances. | Germany's “blue gas” marked a strik- ing advance in propulsion with no addi- tion in weight. Until something of the sort is devised for airplanes the limit of | their flights will be governed by the amount of heavy gasoline with which they can stagger aloft. When the Graf Zeppelin starts back to its native land a few days hence it will be beginning an epochal round-the- | world flight. With Priedrichshafen as| the first stop Dr. Eckener plans to cir- cle the globe in four long jumps. If the big ship comes through this flight with flying colors—and there is no rea- son to suspect that under the able handling of Dr. Eckener she will not— it will mark another era in man’s con- quest of the skies and advance the cause of lighter-than-air craft to a new high level. ————————— Announcement that a new automobile has been invented to sell for two hun- dred dollars is calculated to make the traffic officers look more worried than ever, ————————— ‘That man of great achievement, Emile Berliner, loved work more than he loved fame. He was content to be best known among those who really Know. ———— et Emile Berliner. ‘The modesty of genius was nowhere better illustrated than in the quiet man of great intelligence whom Washington called its own. Emile Berliner not only helped make the radio, the telephone and the talking machine what they are today, but he led a great health move- ment which has been instrumental in saving the lives of thousands of chil- dren. g Although his name was known in scientific and commercial circles throughout the world, he lived in the National Capital, where he began his work and where he continued it over many productive years, simply as a good neighbor and helpful citizen. Mr. Berliner never sought the aid of modern publicity methods, nor did he ament, all such helps to gentus, which sometimes prove hindrances, had no appeal. And no man needed them less. ‘There was a quiet power about him which carried conviction, which helped him put his inventions into general circulation, His work with the telephone is held responsible for making that means of communication what it is today. His work with the disc talking machine, sound box and records carried enter- tainment and musical instruction to the farthest corners of the earth. His genius »s anplisd to th misraphone, extended THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, MONDAY, AUGUST 5, 1929 THIS AND THAT the scope of music and of the talking voice to limitless lengths. The genius of no one man, perhaps, slayed so great a part in these three relat- ed acoustic instruments, destined to revo- lutionize the habits of mankind. As marvelous as they are, however, they may be said to be no more striking, in their power for good, than the persistent efforts which this truly great man made toward the betterment of child health. Here he wrote a remarkable chapter 1n the book of social service, one which not only helped make Washington a better city, but whose influence went out to all the other cities of the Natien and of the world. While the city bows its head to- day in memory of a great man, it is proud of the fact that Emile Berliner was neighbor, friend, humanitarian, ———— st Stowaway Treatment. One of the refreshing aspects of the Graf Zeppelin's arrival in America is the treatment accorded the young stow- away. When the big airship departed for Germany after its first voyage it carried, intentionally or otherwise, the first of this breed. When it reached Germany this youth reaped the harvest of sudden fame. His example was fol- lowed soon afterward by another lad who secreted himself aboard the French plane, the Yellow Bird, thereby spolling the chances of & successful trip and en- dangering the lives of the aviators. He, too, was received with much acclaim, although the vogue for stowaway “heroes” was rapidly on the wane. The second Zeppelin stowaway, how- ever, on his arrival in America yester- day, Teceived his just deserts and the same treatment that should have been accorded his predecessors. Dr. Eckener refused to divulge his name and he was hurried off to ignominious deportation after being kept in isolation throughout the trip. Stowaways who place the lives of those who fly in jeopardy are a contemptible breed and Dr. Eckener's summary action should be a decided deterrent to any young “smart alecks” who are nursing plans to win fame and fortune for themselves even at the price of deadly danger to others. ——re——————— Almost, every year the announcement comes from Paris that skirts will be very much longer. A dressmaker with good commercial sense keeps hoping for a fashion that will call for the greatest possible amount of expensive material. o Europe boasts of having no crime waves. A large number of European criminals regard America as promising better returns than their own lands and so tend to expand the record in the U. 8. A B — ‘The world will be better off if Thomas Edison has succeeded in discovering a genius and not a young man limited to the attainments of the prodigy. His latest research is daring, as so many {of his researches with brilliant results have been. — e A man of Calvin Coolidge’s attain- ments can write a genuine “best seller” without resorting in the slightest degree | to any hint of contemplated expurga- | tlon., e The Bremen and the Graf Zeppelin are evidently inclined to test the ques- tion of which has the best engineers and the best press agents. ——— As a motor expert, Henry Ford has done wonders. Yet he is still powerless to restrain parties who ride the highway at 1 am. and sing off the key. ——— st One or two slight mishaps lead to & fear that Lindbergh is getting his air- plane confused with his mahogany desk. . After all the philanthropic efforts to make penitentiaries pleasant, a prison mutiny appears downright ungrateful. ———r—t——————— ‘The Vestris after foundering in the sea creates an investigation which is submerged in technicalities. Russia and China have in mind a vast merger, each, however, on terms of compulsion. e Rome regards a papal promenade, | however unostentatious, as a historic | occasion. e rmeea SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. ‘The Philosopher. I met a mild philosopher ‘Who offered consolation ‘Whenever mischief was astir In any demonstration. I said to him: “Since you advise A patient self-denial, ‘Why do you not with manners wise Give this same plan a trial? “I notice that you eat the best The markets are availing, And that you seek your downy rest ‘With comfort all unfailing.” Quoth he: “’Tis true these things I do As I proceed to labor, And faithfully put forth anew Good counsel for my neighbor. “I'm never shy on food or sleep. I need them in my mission. 1t s by such things that I keep My lovely disposition.” / History. Oh, history repeats itself! It is a well worn text. But just the same no earthly elf , Knows what it will say next. Anticipation. August keeps movin', travelin’ on its way. Next we'll get September and October on display. Next comes November—and it's “Well, I do declare! It’s time to say, ‘Shop early!’ ‘cause there's Christmas in the air!” Speakin’ of the presents that we all would like to get, We've had some fine suggestions, but we're not contented yet. ever way we look. Old Santy has the hardest job he ever undertook. Sense and Sound. How oft you find the boisterous boys Into oblivion sinking! The brass band makes the biggest noise, But doesn't do the thinking. —————————— Moths Inconsiderate. From the Muncle Morning Star. ‘The pestiferous moths will acareely do their nibbling in & that could be conveniently cut for - sun-tan Y BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. “I like the natural taste of things,” Iy sald. “Some ple put salt on castaloupes, but I like them just as they e. r‘l' like the natural cantaloupe Happy is the man who likes the nat- ural taste of things. He saves himself a great deal of work and worry and ads & more honest life than one who lmxl:t change and make over every- g. Covering up the taste of one thing with another is a species of dishonesty, yet 80 many do it that it has come to be regarded as the most natural thing | in the world. The use of condiments in and on foods is but the most primitive of these manifestations; they extend into the realms of books, art, music, clothes, jew- elry, architecture, furniture, etc. ‘To be blessed with a natural taste is to know how good fresh air smells after sitting in a stuffy room for a while. It is to relish the keen pungency of wood burning in the open air and to react k}llsat:n y to the salt tang of the sea- shore. He who is blessed with a nat taste finds himself unconsciously I g with favor upon tanned arms and legs. Sun- burn seems beautiful to him because it is a natural process, not because it is mnhun vogue for women and chil- He can recall a quarter of a century ago when certain children frequented a Maryland seaside resort. At that time the virtues of “sun tan” had no- where been heralded. Dr. Roller of Switzerland had yet to make his ex- periments with the virtues of sunshine. Perhaps the ultra-violet ray had never been heard of at that time. The interesting thing is that those children got as much “sun tan” as any “smart | | young thing” of today, and they got it because they put themselves in line with natural processes. The effects of | those early sun baths never wore off completely, but enough of them re- | mained to prove the beauty as well as the utility of natural things. * k ok x In the matter of foods people go in for the unnatural on a large scale. We speak here not so much of foods from which natural elements have been ab- | stracted in refining them, but mostly of the use of seasonings of various sorts. ‘What is there, or what isn't there, in the flavor of the cantaloupe, for instance, which puts the average hand in motion toward the salt cellar the mg‘n;em the melon is placed before Some one says the universality of | this movement points to an unmistak- able lack of some element or elements in the cantaloupe which mankind at- tempts to compensate for with salt. We doubt it. Rather, mdnkind is the victim of custom, and has been educated as a child to the use of salt, pepper, sauces, catsup, vinegar, and s0 on. Consider the average child. He will seize an apple and eat it without thought of salt, but once he sees an elder sprinkle salt on it he will do like- wise himself. Perhaps 99 out of 100 children would eat cantaloupe without thought of salt, but after they have watched Mother and Daddy sprinkle salt on their cantaloupe over a term of years, the first time they are per- mitted to eat this rather different sort of fruit, they will sprinkle on salt, too, just as a matter of course. If one were speculating on the m: ter, it might do to think that man wants to bring all foods into dietetic ‘The rioting at the Leavenworth, Penitentiary has served to focus the |agotllsht on the prison problem which | the Hoover administration has on its hands and for which the solution is not yet in sight. With the Federal peni- tentiaries already filled to double their normal capacity and with incoming convicts largely outnumbering outgoing convicts the problem cannot be avoided or longer deferred. It has y_in- vited the attention of the Hoover Law Enforcement Commission and is a sub- Ject which that body will unquestion- ably be obliged to survey. It has the newly appointed superintendent of Fed- eral prisons, Sanford Bates of Massa- chusetts; Attorney General Mitchel and even Mr. Hoover himself on the anxious seat. Two alternatives are open—either Federal prison facilities must be immediately expanded on a very large scale indeed, or else the States must take over a substantial share of the burdens of prosecuting and confining criminal offenders now rest- ing on the shoulders of Uncle Sam. The | Harrison narcotic act, the Dyer auto theft act and the Volstead law, all put on the statute books in recent times, have increased tenfold the number of Federal offenders. Two-thirds of the present Federal prison population is re- cruited from these sources. Existing Pederal facilities never contemplated any such muiltiplication of Federal crimes. | * % ok % To date Congress has dealt gingerly with a Federal prison building program. It made a small beginning back in 1925, authorizing the establishment of | an industrial reformatory at Chilli- cothe, Ohio, calculated to care for 1,000 first offenders. Subsequently, two “narcotic farms” were authorized, but no buildings have been built at Chilli- cothe yet, and the sites for the narcotic farm are not yet selected. The salient suggestion in the now famous Wicker- sham letter that the States assume full | the responsibility for local enforcement of prohibition bears directly on the Fed- eral prison problem. If the States will take over local enforcement in its en- y only lift ns from the Federal enforcement machin- ery and from the Federal Courts, but a vast load from the Federal peniten- tiaries as well. * ok kX Incident to the return to Washing- ton of Senator George H. Moses of New Hampshire comes the report that he is slated to succeed his New England colleague, Jesse H. Metcalf of Rhode Island, as chairman of the Republican unul;wflll urtnpl committee. Sena tor Phipps o of this committee in Republican _ congressios the chairmanship of the Senate com- mittee Totates every two years. Sena- tor Moses will have some real battles on his hands next year, for the third of the Senate which comes up for re- election then includes several vulner- able spots, so far as the Republicans| are concerned. But George Moses de- lights to emulate the role of the boy tood on the burning deck whence ton as Dr. Work's successor as chair- mf&:’ the Republican national com- mi 3 * ok ok K Soviet's trade bureau in w‘rhe nmm:vhleh. in the absence of dij tic relations, is the channel of valuable t| ga communication and contact between conformity. He wants to standardize his foods, just as he has standardized his clothes, and even his habits of thought. His cantaloupes must not taste too different from his mashed potatoes. * k ko In the matter of clothes man has run the gamut from simplicity through ail the variations of complexity, silliness and futility, until the pendulum has swung back again to simplicity. In this movement the women have! taken the last lead. This Summer the | reaction against men’s clothing has been very distinct, as the wearers have seen at last that women not only have more beautiful and sensible clothing, but also by far the most comfortable. ‘To date, however, no male has been able to think up a better solution than pajamas. Now pajamas are all right in their place, but one may be permitted to lieve that the street is not the place. Even pajamas will never do until they are freed from their tight strings around the waist. The curse of men’s wear is the binder, in the shape of collars, cuffs, belts, garters, etc. As one looks back over the history of dress, he sees that the natural form of covering, which is simply something around one, gave way at early historic times to complexity in the interest of impression. A man had to be a king, indeed, to impress his followers with his ability when he wore little clothes, but from the moment he got himself into a shiny, gold-laced uniform, the thing was easy. Then came the succession of towering headdresses, and gumnn out here and there, mostly in the interest of prestige building. * Kk X Art, in its various forms, has always been the stamping ground of the natural, for here there is little which may be termed natural, in itself, the very name denoting a certain kind of arti- ficiality. The centuries grew their own art and arts, however, so that standards were achieved. The delight of many since been a certain type of superarti- ficial, which displays itself in cubist painting and so-called “free verse.” ‘The “Da-da” novel is the latest. Music has seen similar revolutions, but here one may not speak so confi- dently, for Wagner in his day displayed ‘what seemed to his hearers to be great dissonance and lack of musical sequence. Now we think it great music. All these are putting salt on their cantaloupes. The matter harks back to something in man which demands a continual “kick” out of life. He is for- ever dissatisfied with things as they are and wants them to be different and in trying to make them so is led to “many strange inventions,” some of which prove worthy, most of them turning out to be failures. The return to colonial furniture in this country is simply the going back to unsalted chairs, tables, secretaries. It has been found that nothing looks 50 well as the simple, dignified table, chair, lamp. Many present-day movements (in- cluding dress, or rather the lack of it) indicate a return to simplicity, which in its turn is simply an attempt, although often enough it may be an unconscious one, to get back to the natural taste of things. After one has lived for a while in a small, bird-cage type house, with ceilings too low and its windows too small, he longs for a normal, natural- size home where he can turn around in :::n(on. He likes the natural taste of ings. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS her pen in hand to write the “inside story” of her eight-year contact with prohibition enforcement as Assistant Attorney General. She is quoted as de- claring that the facts she tells will “sur- prise, shock and seriously displease” many folks in both the wet and dry camps. The official hostess, Mrs. Ed- ward Everett Gann, has likewise broken int) print in her own right to give her personal views of the social war which has raged about her since March 4. She views herself merely as ymbol™ of our great and free republic, and points out that it is not the red, white and blue bunting which we salute when we bare our heads to the Stars and Stripes, but what the flag stands for. As she sees it the honors accorded to her in her role as the Vice President’s hostess are not for herself, but for the office which Brother Charlie occupies. Alice Roosevelt Longworth ever writes her memoirs, it is safe to predict that her per word space rate will eclipse recent high records set by Cal- vin Coolidge and Al Smith. And Alice is about the only present-day personage in sight who has not turned author. * x x % French Strother, Mr. Hoover's edi- torial assistant and publicist, is by way of becoming the administration's con- ference “expert.” Friends of Mr. Strother attest the fact that he has long been strong for fact-finding commissions and conferences and advisory committees as a media for dealing with perplexing problems, social and governmental. Dur- ing the long period of his editorship of the World's Work Magazine he he?ped to promulgate the conference idea. . He sees eve to eye with his present “chief” and aids and abets the Hoover enthu- siasm for enrolling as many distin- guished men and women as possible as aids to carry on Hoover policies. Mr. Strother, llonwm\ his many regular duties at the White House, is an active member of the executive committee of e Preparatory Commission for the Hoover Child Welfare Conference, which 15 to come into full bloom next year. * ¥ K % Similarity of post office names is not the least of the trials and tribulations of the postal service. A current issue of the dally postal bulletin points out that besides Buffalo, N. Y., there is a E:lg:lo‘,n!o“. and cl;lu of the same and Kentucky and Oklahoma and Wyoming. Down in the {air State of Alabama four widely scat- tered post offices bear the names Fair- fax, Fairfield, Fairford and Fairview. Charlemont, Mass.; Claremont, N. H., and Clermont, N. Y., are frequently confused. Hurley is a popular name for & post office. Hurley, Wis., and Hurley, Miss.; Hurley, Mo.; Hurley, N. Mex.; Hurley, N. Y.; Hurley, Ky.; Hurle; Tex.; Hurley, S. Dak., and Hurley, Va., are all correct. (Copyright, 1929.) Asks Lighter Uniforms For District Policemen ‘To the Editor of The Star: In an article in the columns of your paper of July 31, 1929, in re- to the present uniform regulations of our police force, I am glad to learn that a lighter uniform is contemplated in the future for these men, alti h they must sizzle on in the present cum- bersome and weighty garments for the rest of an unusually hot Summer, ‘While a change is being contemplated, why not include lighter caps and a the | coatless uniform, somewhat like our postmen now wear, who were for so Soviet and our own Governmen! - tinues to shun the limelight. Now in | many years subjected to the same tor- ins - | ture” of heavy uniforms in Summer? cut avenue its manifold ac- | Why not our police force the same tivities continue to attract scant public | relief in from such uniforms | notice, yet its ts and emissaries | as our adjoining States do their men, ‘without m-meonduflu ‘who wear no coats at all and yet pre- highly imj it Boris |sent an equally good appearance S Cambessador. s 8t i oo | our mmt o tox Hob gt s stead of “ambassador,” is a r men do on our Yy to Rus- [with their buttoned-up coats, while ment on his annual pilgrimage 3 sia.- In his absence the “charge d'af- faires” is an American newspaper man whose name, Harold Kellock, has a Russian twist and who has been Skvir- sky's t ever since the establish- ment of the bureau back in 1923. The latter was a Soviet emissary at the Wi Disarmament Conference in 1922, > xR Msbel Walker Willebrandy has taken we whom they protect can sit in com- fort in our homes and offices in shirt sleeves and with electric fans? I would like also to ask why, if it is true, a policeman is fined for un- buttoning his coat on a hot day, just because the collar on the coat is clux‘e:? A coat is a coat, collar or no , in warm weather, and it does seem rather unfair to me that these umamlwudum Pedestrians’ Rights Asked in Traffic Law To m'hwi:" of The Star: “Why is not as much attention be- stowed in Washington upon the rights of the non-motoring public, to which I h: fiecl;w belong, as to the automobiling p ) ‘The above is quoted from an article by Frederic William Wile printed in The Star of July 25, 1929. Mr. Wile's plea is for better car service during the rush hours, a request in which all would con- cur. But there is a broader significance to his question, for in many ways the pedestrian is ignored in this age of motor travel. ‘We might consider this from several standpoints: 1. The motorist—Mr. Wile asks for | | more cars. Could they make any head- way through the mass of private cars, many carrying but one passenger, that persistently encroach upon the right of way granted to the companies, and for whose upkeep they pay? Can the street | car_companies be held responsible for every failure to maintain their sched- ules, or to enlarge them? 2. The street car companies and bus iines—Bus routes have been established in many places. But to my knowledge there is no comprehensive outline of their routes available, giving terminals, transfer points, schedules, etc. Only in 80 far as this information is available for all lines in one bulletin is the non- motoring public being fully served. We fail to use facilities sometimes for lack of knowledge. 3. The Public Utilities Commission— This body is now engaged in a hearing concerning a request for an increase of | fare. Something of uniformity would probably be appreciated by the traveling public. Why are there 2-cent transfers, 1-cent transfers, free transfers with cash and pay transfers with tokens? Why are there busses that will accept tokens and others that will not? Why are 25-cent round trips allowed in one instance and | in several others the charging of a sec- ond bus fare within the District of Co- {lumbia? ~ These incongruities cause a | waste of time for all when one must | question the motormen or drivers on | every unfamiliar line. | ‘Then, too, could not this commission | authorize the establishment of cross- town routes that would in some measure open up such beauty spots as Rock Creek Park or Soldiers’ Home? A line cross- ing by way of Plerce Mill Road or Mili- tary Road between Georgia and Con- necticut avenues, or even between North Capitol street and Wisconsin avenue, would open scenes unknown to some of | us who might be glad to avail ourselves of their beauties if we could reach them | with any degree of convenience, and if another consideration were given. This “"55 to the fourth point to be consid- ered. Our city parks, those shown in the L'Enfant plan, are exclusively for pedes- trians, and their needs are well cared for, even if the paths too frequently lead by devious ways to point out exactly on the direct route of travel. But there are other parks, where those who are still able to walk, and would like to| walk, are afraid to do so. There are no paths fit for any but the roughest shoes, and even some of these are not designed for pedestrians. Frequently there are none at all. And on the roads, beauti- | ful, smooth, inviting, one's life is not safe. Potomac Park, MacMillan Park and the new development along the Ana- | | costia River are evidently only for the motorist. And would not benches add to the comfort of the pedestrian? The cost is prohibitive perhaps. Are we a poorer Nation than England, Holland, or | other European countries, where the pedestrian and the bicyclist may pursue | their way without fear? And their roads, even though motorists are relatively few, have been the models for our own. Should we be any less democratic? { Do people walk where there are| paths? Visit the Zoological Park. The | lthmnms of people there are not all in- | terested in seeing the animals. They are just walking, enjoying the beauties of the park. And perhaps there would | be more walking to other points to take | advantage of the various athletic fields, to watch these sports. to picnic along | Rock Creek or along the river front, or x:{:‘i‘l’: just to stro}‘l and rest, if trans- n were available, and if were places to walk. e Should not the non. be considered in the -motoring taxpayer scheme of things? | H. M. WHITE. Hits Incorrect Usage Of Relative Pronouns To the Editor of The Star: Should the writer for a news T be indifferent or less careful in thpe.‘l).\eu of the relative pronouns “who,” “which” and “that” than when he uses other words in communicating his thoughts? Or is it possible that he is more par- ticular in using those words when he has cause for doing so in writing a book? Or is it an evidence of the care- less training by the teacher in the proper use of the relative pronouns? Many years ago when the writer taught school he made it a point to have his pupils in speaking or writing to use the word “who” in addressing zgonih"'zm:h"!.:& referring to in- or objects or , and “that” to | both persons and th\fgs. Since the writer's day in the school- house many changes have taken place. and perhaps the uses of the relative pronouns have also been changed, as he notices that no less a personage than | Mr. Frederic J. Haskin, noted author and answerer of questions, among others, replies as follows to a questioner in “Answers and Questions”: Ques. Will & small lily pool in a garden near a house breed mosquitoes>—E. S. Ans. 1t is advisable through the Summer season to keep several goldfish in such a pool who will feed on any larva of mosquitoes, if present, as well as add to_the attractiveness of the pool. The word “who” in the answer refers to goldfish—a person?—a Svertebrate animal. Because of its being a verte- brate animal, is it classed with man as to entitle it to the application of the ::;nuve prenoun “who” in referring to To the writer the use of “who” is out of place and is not in accord with the rules of grammar as given by Bullion in his English Grammar, pp. 50-1. He says “who™ is :Pplled to persons only, “which” to inferior animals and things and “that” to both persons and things. This writer is also supported in his contention by Harvey in his English Grammar in the proper use of the relative pronouns who, which and that on page §5. In Fernald's “A Working Grammar of the English Languags,” on pp. 76-7, are to be found directions for the use of the relatives who, which and that. In a note he cautions against the use of “which” with reference to person as was the custom of writers as seen in the authorized version of the Bible. 1t is lgl‘)lrent that writers are very careless the use of those relatives, and more so are the proofreaders who ought to correct all errors in manu- scripts. The proofreaders ought to keep dlc:&untflel ltmhlnd‘ uzh‘ :‘tn.ng% word appears in a copy they do no know, they should not change it for, one of their own which does not con- vey the sense the author intends. The newspapers are about the only litera- ture poor people can afford to buy reg- ularly, and about all they can take and th:!nmould be well should tain the time to read, edited and English and the most reliable and trust- worthy information nn-m.un-ble. to unbutton a coat Just collars turned down instead of standing. If this agree- ment still holds as given as the reason of the coats staying buttoned, then there is no time like the present to relieve the men from such a foolish agreement, even though thy must wait until next Summer for lighter gar- ments. Surely my fellow citizens will agree with me In this request for the comfort of our police force. | 'We have laws for the prevention of Veruelty to animals, why not a few for prevention of cruelty to man? JOHN T. HECK. . ent as not Just to gt the 4. The parks and highways division— | ‘What do you need to know? Is there some point about your business or - sonal life that puzzles you? 1Is there | something you want to know without delay? Submit your question to Fred- eric J. Haskin, director of our Wash- ington Information Bureau. He is em- ployed to help you. Address your in- quiry to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, ‘Washington, D. C., and inclose 2 cents | in coin or stamps for return postage. Q. How quickly can a fire company | leave the engine house to respond to | & call>—J. 8. | A. No comparative figures have been ! prepared showing the speed with which apparatus can respond to a fire. Chi- cago carried out a test to determine | how quickly the apparatus could get | out of the station from the time the alarm sounded, and it required around eighi seconds to accomplish this feat. Q. Can men whose sight is corrected by éyerllzluus become pilots of airplanes? A Industrial pilots, limited commer- cial pilots and private pilots may wear glasses, but not transport pilots. Q. If all the water in the world were evenly distributed over its surface, how deep would the water be?—R. M. A. 1f the earth were a perfect sphere it is estimated that it would be covered by water to a depth of about 9,000 feet. or nearly 2 miles. The exact volume of water contained in the oceans is, of course, not known—only an estimate is available. Q. Which State in the United States has the greatest and which the smallest debt per capita?—C. J. N. A. New York has the largest total debt of all of the States, $361,617.000. Indiana has the lest debt, $340,000. Q. Into what jons are Russians divided?—J. McG. A. The true Russians are divided into three groups: The Great Russians. or Muscovites; the Little Russians, or Malo- Russians, otherwise called Ukrainians or Ruthenians; sthe White Russians. Q. How are cashew nuts grown?— . A. Cashew nuts are not really nuts but the seed of the cashew fruit. What we know as the cashew nut extends| from the end of the fruit and is edible only after the caustic oil known as car- dol is expelled by roasting. | Q. How long is Delaware Water Gap? L. . K. A. It is about 2 miles long, and is a | gorge through which Delaware River| runs. This river forms the boundary between New Jersey and Pennsylvania.| ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. an event which turned out to the satis- faction of everybody, and in April, 1613, they were duly married, Pocahon having been previously Christianity and beptized under the name of ‘the Lady Rebecca.’ " Q. Has any one bettered Sergt. Bowes’ record for parachute dropping?—J.P. W. A. So far as we have been able to asceriain, the official world record for parachute dropping is now held | Bergt. Bowes of the Army Alr orgy, who fell 4,200 feet before o) parachute. On April 4, 1928, Hi Whitby, United States Navy, fell 4,400 feet from an airplane before pulling the cord of his parachute, However, this record is not official. Q. What is the average 1d of gas- oline from crude ofl?—S. ):u A. THe Bureau of Mines says that the average total yielC of gasoline from all crudes during 1928, including cracked gasoline, natural gasoline and “straight run” gasoline, was 41.3 per cent. Vari- ous crudes throughout the country eon- tain gasoline ranging from 0 per cent o 65 per cent or more, averaging in the neighborhood of 30 per cent. W o invented the self-starter?— A. The invention is attributed to Charles F. Kettering, an electrical en- gineer. The Cadillac car was equipped with these self-starters in 1911, NQS ‘What poet wrote about himself?— A. You probably refer to Walt Whit- man’s “Song of Myself,” which gives an account of himself and his theory of | the art of poetry. It was first publish- | ed in 1855. Q. When_were pendulum clocks firat used?—A. E. J. A. The pendulum was introduced into England by Fromanteel in 1675 and began the vogue for long case or grand- father clocks. Q. How many boys' teams will play in the semi-finals of the junior base ball world series of the American Le- gion, Rflnd where will they play?— FlJ | A. Six teams will play in the Eastern | and six in the Western semi-finals, be- ing the six regional winners in each area. The Eastern semi-finals will be played at Washington, August 20, 21 | and 22. and the Western semi-finals at | Colorado Springs August 28, 29 and 30. is Napoleon Q. Where buried?— T. A. The sarcophazus containing the casket of Napoleon rests under the dome of the Hotel des Invalides, Paris. Q. What does “Amtorg” mean?—B. P. A 1t is a coined name of a company, r How did Pocahontas happen to | composed of “Am” for American and Q. meet John Rolfe?—C. M. A. “After the departure of Smith for England in 1609, faith was not kept with the Indians as promised, and Poca- hontas, by the aid of a treacherous chief, was decoyed on board the ship of Capt. Argall in the Potomac, carried off | to Jamestown (1612), and nngrwlrd‘ taken to Werawocomoco, Powhatan’s | chief place of residence, where a sort of | peace was effected and the ransom of | Pocahontas agreed upon. While among | the Englishmen, however, Pocahontas | had become acquainted with .Yohn‘\ Rolfe, an ‘honest gentleman. and of good behavior.” These two fell in love, ! “torg” for “torgovlia,” the Russian word | for trade. Q. Where is the “Land of a Million Smiles">—R. M. A. A section of the Ozark Mountains is so designated. Q. When is the Real Estate Exchange to open in New York?>—N. S. A. On October 1, the New York Real Estate Securities Exchange will be opened at 12 East Forty-first street for trading in real estate securities. For the real estate field it will function much as the New York Stock Exchange does in its field. Pajamas as Hot-Weather Garb Fail to Arouse Enthusiasm Pajamas as a medium of emancipat-| ing the male from conventional Summer | clothing excite no popular enthusiasm, judging from newspaper comment on the exploits of W. O. Saunders, Eliza- | beth City, N. C., editor, who paraded the | home-town streets in gaudy night gear. | and, after being arrested by the chief of | police, received the commendation of | the mayor and took his innovation to New York. i “Dear Mr. Saunders, do you smoke?" asks the Detroit News, with the further list of pertinent queries: “If so, where in those pajamas do you carry tobacco, pipe, cigarettes, cigars or whatever you use? Where the lighter or matches, or both? Have you a bank account? Where do you carry your checkbook? ‘Where do you carry your coin, your bills, your keys, your pencils and pens, your toothpicks? Where do you pack your unanswered letters, your unpaid bills. simply accentuate the sad plight of the former lords of :runon:' o “The mayor of Elizabeth City issued a proclamation commending the spirit which prompted the wearing of a slumber suit and admitting a wish that he had sufficient nerve to wear the costume himself. That document tpm\-ub\y will express the sentiment of many per- spiring males as they tread the yield- ing pavement under Old Sol's punish- ing rays,” says the Indianapolis Star. But_ the Petersburg Progress-Index thinks “the only disturbing element in the whole proceeding is the timo- rousness of the mayor, who confessed that if he had the nerve he would adopt pajamas for street wear himself. How a mayor, who is elected, of course, as a result of public confidence in him. can lack the nerve of an editor and publisher, who always elects himself.” concludes the Virginia paper. “is one of those mysteries that will long pusrle your occasional receipts? Where do you wear your handkerchief? Where do you lug your wallet, your club memberships, | your motot registration, your postage | stamps, your calling cards? Where do you carry your flash? -We demand an answer. You confess to wearing the run-of-mine pajama, which, we are sure, is equipped with a single pocket, a little too big for a packet of cough drops, but not big enough for an apple. Where, then, did you stow your equipment? In your hat? Or did vou carry a reticule?’ * ok % “There are plenty of approved methods of almost approximating the lightness of pajamas without going to extremes,” advises the Providence Journal. “Not that there is really anything to be said against the pro- priety of pajamas and other garments | of the night in such a conversion to public daylight wear. that many women have been seen in pajamas at seaside resorts this Sum- mer, and one does not need the visible evidence to be assured that such a sar- torial fad might provide a distinct ac- cession of modesty as compared Wwith the prevailing vogue in feminine dress. # ¢ = There are still a few lines which the average man will not cross, and we feel confident that pale blue pa- jamas in public are among them. So it is to be feared, if that is the way to put it, that the bold Fifth avenue enter- prise of Mr. Saundér$ will stir no ap- reciable impulse of masculine emt ation anywhere in this land of libert; ‘The success of the metropolitan en- terprise is questioned also by the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, with _the statement: “What with its own flag- pole sitters, greased-pig catchers, long- distance piano thumpers and dance marathoners, it was inevitable that New York should see nothing new in the neglige. Besides, it could see better any day in a trip to Coney Island. It is a tribute to the country in general that its interest in the freak- ish seems to be pulling. The pajama gxe;n‘_mtxht as well go home and go to “Many varieties of thin Summer clothing are just as comfortable as pajamas, and much more presentable.” contends the Louisville Times, while the Hartford Times offers the judg- ment: “The reform in men’s clothing is a splendid cause, but it must be guarded against being made ridiculous by extreme enthusiasms for outlandish innovations. Men are nothing if not clannish, and there will be no progress in our attempted emancipation from superfluous clothing unless we proceed adually and ecarefully and in solid formation into the day when the lords of creation shall wear what, and only best | what. becomes them. “Unwitting man,” remarks the Ashe- ville Times, “has gone on his way rather dumb, while the women ap- propriated the best ideas of lest males for comfort in garments. The sailor’s unconfined neck becomes the style not for men, but women. The Scotch highlander’s rolled stock. ings and short skirt were adopted not by mankind in general, but womankind everywhere. In his fear of being called womanish, man probably will allow his hair to grow long fo distinguish him from the woman with the bobbed looks. All through the ages till late years, it has been the man who has projected his chest and proclaimed the right of life, liberty and pursuit of happiness. Now Wwoman seems to be the only freeman, and those revolting and bathing suits Rumor has it | | the_mind of thoughtful mankind.” | “In_Chicago.” it is pointed out by the San Francisco Chronicle, ‘700 members of Delta Upsilon start & eam- | paign to reduce hot-weather costume | to shirt and trousers of pastel-shaded | silk. white socks and canvas | with the usual contents of s man's | pockets carried in a reticule. * * | Taking up the Chicago idea would be a step toward real freedom. From this, men might graduate into the North | Carolina strolling suit and finally overcome the male’s panic over show- ing the knees to such an extent that we might finally achieve the kilt.” A Voodooism Credited For Native’s Death BY E. E. FREE, Ph. D. The real and terrible power of “voo- doo” or ju” magic over the minds ple is again attested 3 of primitive by an incident reported from the Gold Coast, in Africa, by Maj. H. E. Smith, assistant police commissioner of that colony. An English colonist was told by his native foreman, Maj. Smith A that the foreman would be unable to work the following day, as & witch- craft had been put on him by his mother and within two days he would be dead. The Englishman paid no at- tention, considering the whole matter mere nonsense. On the next day there was noticed near the foreman's hut a blood-covered chicken tied to a string. This, it was explained, was & part of the “juju.” Meanwhile the bewitched native went about quite calmly closing up his affairs, saying good-by to rela- | tives and behaving precisely as a man who knew that day to be his last. Curiously enough, it was. As predicted, the next day he was dead. There were no symptoms of illness. An autopsy showed, Maj. Smith reports. no sign of disease, injury or poison. The foreman merely died because witchcraft per- suaded him to; undoubtedly as an ef- fect of mental suggestion strong enough to produce dissolution. In spite of Buropean contacts, nominal Christian- ity and the availability of modern phy- sicians, the natives of Western Africa continue, Maj. Smith believes, to be ruled more powerfully by the imaginary force of ancient “juju” than white men ever imagine. Endurance Flights Held Test of Motor From the St. Louls Times. Endurance flights in airplanes which are refueled by “sister. P cipally tests of motors. are not nearly as hard beset as is their mechanism. =When a motor can for 200 or 300 hours without lnfig down on its job, it is a good motor. the test develops that it has structural m]nu, its makers learn something of value. Ten days in an open boat at sea un- der a burning sun and with scant stores of water would be a much severer test for tough hombres than 10 days in the air in a so-called endurance flight, - P Sport Model Language. Prom the Buffalo Evening News. Slang is just sport-model lm'::;f h stripped down to get more speed less wer.