Evening Star Newspaper, July 27, 1929, Page 4

4 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY........July 27, 1920 THEODORE W. NOYEE....Editor ‘The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42n g0 Office: Lake Micl ean Office: 14 Rege: England. higan Bullding. ure nt 8t.. London, by Carrier Within the City. ning Star. . 4bc per month The Evening and Su (when 4 Sundays) . Toe !\'enlng end Sunday Star (when 5 Sundayi ‘The Sunday Star : Collection made e Orders may be sent in by mall or telephone NAtional 5000, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sund 1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo. Daily only . 6.00; 1 m Sunday only All Other States and Dally and Sunday..l yr. $12. Daily only . 1yr, Sunday only 1yr. $5.00 Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively ertitled $ news dis- Rate The Evel Canada. 00: 1 mo. n this pap herein. All rights of publication o dispatches herein also reserved. An Acceptable Compromise. The good judgment shown by the city authorities in seeking the advice of & committee of citizens on the proposed amendment to the zoning regulations relating to fire engine houses, police stations and other municipal institu- tions within residential areas has been justified by the compromise recom- mended by the committee. The original amendment would have clothed the Commissioners with blanket authority to locate fire engine houses, police sta- tions, pumping stations, playgrounds and public swimming pools anywhere they chose. The compromise would bar police stations from residential areas, require a public hearing before fire engine houses are placed in residential areas and in the cases of pumping houses, swimming pools, etc., the com- mittee recommends that they be archi- tecturally attractive, suitably screened by landscape treatment and in every case so located that thelr presence will not constitute a nuisance to nearby homes. The Commissioners, in addition, are advised that before they attempt to enter a residential neighborhood for construction of any municipal building, thorough examination shall b2 made of available locations in commercial or industrial areas. This compromise should receive gen- eral approval. It refuses to conceive of any situation that demands the location of a police station in a resl- dential neighborhood. It does anticipate a condition that may require the loca- tion of a fire engine house in a resi- dential zone, but the Commissioners are stopped, in such a case, from pro- ceeding with its construction until & public hearing has afforded opportunity to protestants to give their reasons for opposing it. If, in the judgment of the Zoning Commission, the grounds for opposition are not well taken and necessity and public safety exceed them in importance, the municipality will be assured of public support. The compromise amendment now proposed will probably be incorporated in the regulations. The method of reaching that compromise should be adopted by the Commissioners whenever policles of the municipality clash with the sentiment of the community. Prop- erty owning and non-voting taxpayers In Washington lack the ordinary means of emphasizing thelr position on public matters that directly affect them. For this reason alone the Commissioners should avold arbitrary tactics on every occasion and seek the advice and con- sent of Washingtonians on all contro- versial questions. Such a policy will prevent as many mistakes on the part of the municipality as ill feeling on the part of the community. o Something Else Is Proved. No aviation stunt can be considered wholly worthwhile these days unless it proves something. Yesterday's feat of landing an Army blimp on the Capitol plaza and delivering Senator Bingham to the Senate finance committee satis- factorily met this standard. It was definitely demonstrated that if Senator Bingham is at Langley Field and wishes to attend a meeting of the Senate finance committee in about three hours, he can step into an Army blimp and land at the front door of the Capitol on time. But would the experiment have been successful if the passenger had been Senator Smoot, instead of Senator Bingham? And suppose Senator Bingham had been coming to a meeting of the committee on territories and in- sular possessions. What would have happened then? Blimps have landed on the tops of buildings in Washington. One was landed on the Capitol plaza and while one is yet to enter the Senate chamber during a debate on the tariff bill or tie up to the Washington Monument and swing in the breeze, such feats may almost be taken for granted. There is only one criticism of these maneuvers. ‘That is, that they are undertaken with the usually announced purpose of prov- ing something. If they could be done merely for the fun of the thing—and it must be a lot of fun for everybody—it would be impossible to assume any Justifiable grounds for complaint. ———e———— That favorite Summer word “don’t” | should be heard with respect by those two races of terrific fighters, once they get started, the Russians and the Chi- nese. Safety Through Prevention. Statistics on the results of Maryland's “Save a Life Campaign” assuredly justify the necessity of such check-ups on the condition of automobiles, and Commis- sioner Baughman of Maryland has al- ready decided that this year's campaign will be repeated again next year. Dur- ing the check-up, which came to an of- ficial end July 15, but which is being ex- oc | cars unfit to be on Washington streets penalty enough in the delay caused when automobiles without the sticker were halted by State policeman and put through a roadside test. If motorists falled to meet this test they were sub- Ject to prosecution for defective brakes, headlights, ete. Those who voluntarily submitted to inspection at officially designated garages were rewarded by the satisfaction of knowing their ma- chines were safe, as well as by the as- surance of avoiding the inconvenience and possible legal difficulties involved in a chance meeting with a State police- man. Traffic officials in Washington should study the results of Maryland's cam- paign with the thought of repeating it in Washington. Facilitles have long been available here for free inspection of brakes, headlights and steering gear, but a small and almost negligible pro- portion of motorists takes advantage of them. An annual inspection of motor cars, enforced as Maryland enforced it, would undoubtedly reveal hundreds of and constituting a continued menace. If there is any feasible way of removing this menace, it should be removed. Maryland's experience shows that it can be done with the minimum of incon- venience to motorists and with results that remove the campaign from the category of traffic whims and places it in the class of necessary precautions for safety and prevention of accidents, THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY, JULY' 27, 1929. we view most other warm-blooded ctea- tures. Nevertheless, they are not far off the evolutionary branch from which bave arisen the monkeys, the anthro- pold apes and man. But they have be- come the creatures of the night and the shadows. These others have pro- gressed as the creatures of the day- light and the sunshine, Gov. Pinchot's party, according to press reports, are bring'ng back many other curlous Galapagos Islands crea- tures to the National Museum. This obscure corner of the world, long cut oft from the beaten track of apimal migrations, is the home of queer ani- mal types, which attract the interest of the general public as curiosities and of the scientific public as examples of the workings of evolution in relation to environment. —— With so magnificent a residence at hand there is no likelthood that Pope Pius will be tempted to remain away from the Vatican long enough to be- come homesick. The sentiment “no place like home"” applies to the Apos- tolic Palace as well as to & peasant’s cottage. e e Assurance is given France that in Senator Edge the will meet an Ambas- sador whose services can ill be spared in his own country and whose selection for a foreign post is proof of the im- portance America attaches to its dutles. o n Civil Service Retirement. ‘The condition of the Civil Service Retirement Fund, which has just been disclosed from Treasury Department and Pension Bureau statistics, indicates three important facts in support of the long fight of the employes for liberal- ized retirement provisions. It shows that with an already ac- cumulated surplus of $140,000,000 made up almost entirely from contributions by the employes and with annuities paid which already amount to $89,000,- 000, entirely from employes’ contribu-~ tions, the Federal Treasury would suffer little, if at all, through Congress approving the liberalized provisions and the President signing the measure. It demonstrates that the employes paid into the fund last year $28,482,257, while the annuities and refunds paid out amounted to but $16,072,492, which is a clear gain for the fund of nearly $12,500,000 during the last fiscal year. It also shows that the fund is accu- mulating beyond all calculations of Government actuaries, and that the employes should be allowed the $1,200 annuity for which they have been cam- paigning for the past several years with out any further percentage increas: in their own contributions. In the com- —or—s. His full capacities for being agreeable will not have been revealed by Mr. Dawes until he has given his new poser’s interpretation of his admired masterplece “The Melody in F.” There have been many efforts to establish universal peace. “Try, try again” is still recognized not only as good moral philosophy, but as sound statesmanship. ——————— . Congratulations go to Al Smith for showing that a defeated candidate can earn a high price per word in literature the same as a man who has been Pres- ident. —— et In several drought-stricken parts of the country shutting off the alcohol has been less a problem than turning on a water supply. SHOO B TING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON, Still in the Lead. ©Oh, do you remember the “Old Swim- min’ Hole” ‘That Riley described with such art? Even now the reciter puts pathos and promise measure of 1926 the employes thought they were getting this $1,200 annuity, when they agreed to increase their contributions from 215 to 3% per cent, Prospects are good that the Dale civil service retirement bill will get early and favorable action in Congress. Practically the entire House membership is in favor of it. In the last session 281 members signed a petition demanding that it be allowed to come up for a vote and it was passed by acclaim. It then passed the Senate twice without a dissenting vote, the second time after the House had approved an amendment. It was given a pocket veto by President Coolidge. Many members of Congress earnestly favor an even more liberal re- tirement law. The bill is now on the Senate cal- endar, having been favorably reported by the Senate civil service committee. It has been reintroduced in the House, but there no action could be taken be- cause the civil service committee is not yet organized. 'The bill now pending dif- fers from the bill that passed in the past session in that it was provided that any five years of an employe’s services could be used as a basis for computing his annuity instead of the last five years, which was objected to by some admin- soul In the poem that touches the heart. Serenely the shadows are hovering there, And never a copper draws nigh, To look for an ankle left thoughtlessly bare, ‘That might give offense to the eye. No landlord takes toll for the use of the shore; No submarine lurks down below. No shark lies in wait for the folks who explore The depths that so silently flow. Of all the resorts that invite us to play In freedom from care’s dull control, There is none to be found that is better today Hole.” Overwhelming Erudition. Unto a massive book I cling ‘With stout and patient hand. ‘The more I try to read the thing The less I understand. Reversion. Suppose you succeed in your dreaming, Mr. Ambitious Man; Suppose you succeed in your scheming ‘With its comprehensive plan— istration officials. The vast army of civil service em- ployes in Washington and throughout the country whose members have helped to amass, out of meager salaries, a sur- plus fund of $140,000,000 and to retire more than 16,000 fellow workers grown old and incapacitated by long and falthful service, is hopeful that the present Congress and President Hoover will approve the justness of its plea. ———— In the matter of altitude test, the endurance aviator is mot only much more useful than the flagpole sitter, but also more comfortable. However, any form of contest involving sportsmanlike courage is of benefit to the individual and also of service to society in promot- ing a healthful interest among men in what their fellow men are doing. The Sea Bat. Gifford Pinchot's Galapagos Islands expedition . reports the capture of a glant sea bat, a welrd, black flying animal, with a fifteen-foot wing spread. The creature is coming to the Na- tional Museum here for identification. Such an animal is certain to attract an unusual degree of public interest. There is an aura of mystery around all un- usual bats. All sorts of legends grow up about them. Certainly they are among the most curious of Nature’s adaptive creations. They - differ so widely from the orthodox conception of mammals that they have become ob- Jects of repellent superstitions. But whether the creature captured by the Pinchot expedition is reslly a bat or a curious type of flying fish is not clear from the description. There are fish-eating bats—and there is also a particularly weird, demon-like the subject of many sea legends, which might fit into the picture. Nearly all the bats are nocturnal, secretive creatures. Consequently, it is not surprising to find types hitherto unknown to science turning up from time to time. Despite the intensive ex- ploration of most of the obscure cor- ners of the earth in the past few years, there still are picturesque mammals which never have been seen by natural- ists and which give rise to grotesque tended for the convenience of those who failed to have their machines inspected during the time set, it was revealed that thousands of automobiles on' Maryland's roads had defective brakes, lights and steering apparatus. Any one of these defects could have resulted in serious road accidents. No one can know def- initely how many deaths have been averted by correcting the defects. Maryland’s law for the inspection of condition of automobiles re. to show local legends. Such, for example, are layas, The bats fill & niche of creation ex-|ym clusively their own, so far as mammals are concerned. They have developed in accordance with the requirements of & fiying life in the darkness. This has taken them far off the common trail of kinsbip with which- fish— | stat You'll weary of scepters and crowns and things ‘That pertain to the majesty of kings. You will long for an honest hand to shake Like that of Jimmy and Bill and Jake. Suppose you succeed in your hoping, Mr. Ambitious Man. Toward youth you will still be groping As again you will long to scan The simple gardens of smiling flow'rs, With memories laden of boyhood hours, A And no music will equal the soft sweet tone Of the mother song for your self alone, ‘Where She Excels. She plays at tennis with a will All through the Summer. She doesn't play with special skill—» But the clothes become ’er. Overlooked Something. From $Be Lansing State Journal. An _advertising business-promotion concer® tells its clients the way to {et new eustomers is to search the tele- phone directory which lists “the better citizens.” Probably this concern never overheard a wrangle for the use of a two-party line. —— e Earthquake Life-Saving. Prom the New London Day. Life-saving tt‘ u:ev :uhe:yu ; aom- course for versi o al oml:’rmhmen. It would be more v: uable, perhaps, to teach life-saving di ing earthquakes. ——————————— Getting on Page One. Prom the Roanoke Times. 3 Mr. Wickersham can ‘f&.“." #m«: page any time 8 m%&mfi explaining his first —— et —————— Most Important Thing. Prom the Santa Barbara mnr:“l x]n-‘.. depends. Money ly most important thing in life if it is only thing that can make you feel B e Six Months to Go. Prom the Tulsa Daily World. Only four men have had the honor of being Governor of Oklahoms in 1929. But we still have nearly six months to the ihe Te- e Where Precedence Counts. From the San Prancisco Clironicle, Precedence at dinner isn't so impor- tant. But it would be nice if you were portant to butt in ahead of the line at the ‘window. o 8 e you The return of warm weather was greeted with inaudible cheers by thou- sands of persons who like it hot. No doubt there is some discomfort attending hot weather, but it is a mis- take to regard life always from the standpoint of comforts and discomforts. A pig in a trough is perfectly col h;rt?able, but who would want to be a 4 pEven the ancient philosophers who bas>d their attitude toward life on the negation of evil, and regarded lack of pain as heaven, held to no such animal- sm. There are degrees in both pain and discomfort, so that the former often becomes the latter, and the latter the former. ‘The sharp line between pain and dis- mfort is never drawn. A small dis- 'omfort can give a man of acute sensibilities more pain than a severed lcg, whereas a “tough guy” will be able to stand any amount of pain better. * k kK Hot weather has its good points, let advocates of Winter say what they Pplease. upon that man who declares that he prefers the dark meat of turkey, so one may feel that abuse of hot weather is false. Every one likes the white meat of turkey best, of course! It is not natural to prefer the dark meat. Not even an orator could convince us otherwise. Suppose_the white meat is dry, it has by far the best taste. Suppose the dark meat is juicier, what of it? There is a similar false note in the war cries of those who perpetually growl about the hot weather, who go around friends an opportunity to hear the com-*§n" 511 and August pining for zero weather, as if it would not come fast enough, anyway. ‘The plal truth is that the National Capital experienced no warm weather at all until the middle of June, furnaces were running during the first chill which comes to houses when the outside temperature is around and be- low 70 degrecs in the early morning. Even despite the annual rapping of those who delight in picturing Wash- er_here to date. Mostly the nights have been cool, and when one is able to sleep well the hot- test days may be stood with comparative comfort. After all, most of the mouth- ings about_how hot this city is come from New Yorkers. They love to come here for a day or so, let their feet sink in an asphalt street, and then go back to the greatest city in the world and talk about frying hot eggs on th= corner of Fifteenth street and New York avenue. To listen to some of the blah from the outside panners of ocur National Capital, one might think that eggs were lined up all along the downtown curbs, waiting and praying for the great sun to fry them gratis. Now we have searched Washington carefully, on some of the hottest days, and have yet to see an egg frying on asphalt. Well bred eggs prefer skille's Cooking, to an egg. is an indoor, not an outdoor sport. The egg knows noth- ing of modern “suntan,” but takes life as he finds it. And in doing so the egg points & and perturbing people who are unwill- ing to take the weather as it comes. * K x % Hot weather has many compensations. What is pleasanter than a house with all ghe windows open? There are some stories given to the newspapers which cannot be vouched for, consequently, under the policy of | reservation word, “alleged.” For ex- | ample, it is alleged that Mr. Jones | challenged his friend Mr. Brown with a gossipy accusation: “Brown, who was that nice new lady you had with you on F street lasu eve- ning? She was a stunner!” “That wasn't & new lady—just my Old Woman—repainted.” But that isn't news—any more than when “a dog bites a man,” for anybody can discover women on F street and elsewhere who are either “repainted” or in -the process of repainting before their little hand mirrors, in broad day- light and the most public places. Re- painting is so common today that it is almost passe—at least the groundwork is as passe as a wooden Indian before a cigar store. But now to find “news” one must seek what the glib advertiser labels “B. O.” synthetically produced. The story comes from France that the French people annually use four quarts of perfume per capita, yet not merely “capita’—it all over the body. ‘That's “B. O.” with a vengeance; it is officially affirmed by the American vice consul at Paris. His title of ‘“vice” consul may indicate that he is a smell- ing committee. * kK * Many years ago a famous English- man mentioned certain things tha were “wasteful and ridiculous excess.” Being so thrifty, maybe he had Scotch blood. Amongst his useless items was “to throw a perfume on the violet.” Yet Mr. Shakespeare was as futile as the folks who were cited by Mark Twain as always talking about the weather, but never doing anything about it. Shakespeare knew perfectly well that the violets were naturally smelly, but it remained for “furriners” across the Channel to do something about that smell, by extracting it and bottling the odor, which was as clever as it would be for a Chicago packer to find some use for the one part of the pig which he has never failed to count as “waste- ful and ridiculous excess"—its squeal. ‘To characterize the country of fog and rain as “Sunny France” became a stale joke during the war, for the sun shone so rarely, but recognize it as the land of flowers and rich perfume would be sincerity and verity. PR Tt is alleged that by taking 500 pounds of roses and squeezing into one pound of attar of roses, and smashing 200 or 300 pounds of violets, hyacinths, narcissi, mignonette and all the other blooms in the florist’s category into a pound of odoriferous liquor the making of perfumes has be- come one of the major manufacturing entes in France. Its total product amounts annually to not less 6,~ 000,000 wholesale, and thousands of men and women are thus employed. In the Province of Grasse there isn’t any room for , for more than 1,000 acres are devoted to roses alone, with an average of 7 call ther bushes) are hundreds of of in use, though their only value lies in their scent. * x Kk % ‘The tion that flappers may turn nw:'mm the too common prac- tice of painting their lips, cheeks, eye- bm:h and m. ul‘nd l;ln-t!‘n‘l;l g ( ef al e rest of 2 y of “throwing a pe: on the violet"—each &Fe bel a shrinking of the men of England, Declaration of Ind a bill was more }nwl. for its “That all women, of Whatever rank, hether or , W] _widows, that shall such act im| Just as one may look with suspicion | Many | two weeks of that month. Those who | let their fires go out suffered from the | ington as a hot city, there has been | comparatively little really warm weath- | distinct moral to all restless, perturbed | them | been wont to use now wafted to THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL., Even the vislon of a snowbound cot- tage, bchind the windows of which a man’ reads pleasantly and at his ease before a roaring fire, fades before the picture of a happy home in Summer, with a breeze blowing through open but screened windows and doors. One will admit readily enough that a slight breeze helps considerably. With- out it, however, we still have a beautiful picture. There is something about such an open house that is inviting. It is inviting both from inside and outside. And the tinkle of ice in tall giasses! Can Winter offer any sound to compare with 1t? The cooling effect of a cool drink is instantaneous; it makes little difference whether it is lasting. * ok Kk K ‘The possibilities of light clothing is another compensation of hot weather. Women to aate are the only human beings who have had enough common sense to take advantage of it. There are evidences, however, that men are coming to their senses in this matter. They are beginning to see that their so-called “better haives” have much the better of it in th> matter of sensible, healthy, cool dress. enjoy Summer more because they dress more sensibly. Tight belts, collars and garters will give way to more freedom. Just what form this will take is impos- | sible to predict, but it is coming as sure as you are sitting here. ‘The joy of water, too, s no slight one in Summer. Then, if ever, comes the better bath. We refer not only to out- door bathing, but to the old standard tub and shower, the portion of most of us. Soap and water comes into its own when the mercury soars. * k% x Outdoor sports of all sorts exist for most people only in the Summer time. It was not for nothing, you know, that the old song called it “the good old Summer time.” It is with the goodness of more freedom, less hamper- ing restrictions, less cares. ‘The furnace, for one thing, is for- gotten in its corner of the bascment. ‘The lawn mower replaces the snow shovel, and the garden hose the coal shovel. Such cares as Summer brings are pleasant ones, or at least such as any one can make pleasurable at will. Summer is the appointed time of the year for the garden. Hot weather was instituted principally for the benefit of plants. With a normal supply of water and food, plants need but two other natural forces—light and heat. The former presupposes the latter. Nowadays even human beings are taking hints from the plants in their craving for sunshine. The “suntan” vogue among men and women alike is not a sudden madness, but the full flowering of flmpa‘andl. and subtle education which has been going on for | years. Always there have been sun- | burned sailors, farmers, mechanics, | trappers, hunters, fishermen, people who live at seashore and on farms, but their |number was small in comparison with | the great masses of paleskins. At last | the consciousness of the benefits of sunshine—light,” not heat—has spread | among all classes, so that today we see | more tanned people than white people. Another pleasure of Summer is read- ing. The old-time vogue for “light Summer reading” has passed. Latest | lists show works of all sorts being put out this month and next. A psycho- | logical study of Napoleon is offered this | week. Many people prefer to stay at home with a good book on a hot after- noon or evening rather than roam all |over the face of the countryside in the | search of a coolness which does not | exist anywhere. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. pregnated with carmine seed to color the skin redder than drug store sun- tan), iron stays, hoops, high-heeled ‘Than that wonderful “Old Swimmin’ | “safety first” they are printed with the shoes and bolstered hips, shall incur | the penalty of the law now in force against witchcraft and like misde- meanors, and that the marriage, upon conviction, shall be null and void.” The bill was eventually laid upon the table, but its introduction demonstrates that “scents” may be dangerous to un- sophisticated men who might be trapped unawares. There were flappers in those days, too. | | | * k% ok At that time, and earlier, the mak- ing of perfumes was not limited to the use of flowers. There were polecats— known politely as civet cats—which were bred and confined expressly for the perfume they produced and it was a- The Eermmer to Queen Anne m Bailey, who kept a perfumer’s shoppe at the sign of “Ye Olde Civet Cat.” A rival used a picture of a polecat on his business card. Beau Brummell, the arbiter of style for men, declared that “no man should use perfumes, but should send his lineri to be washed and dried on Hampstead Heath.” He had no authority, how- ever, over the ladies who favored pole- cat odor. That's what Hamlet referred to in his remerk about Denmark. * % x 1t is impossible to trace the origin of the use of perfumes, for it antedates history. In the earliest records of the Bible its use is directed, and it is as- sociated with “sweet savours” burned at the altars as incense—a “sweet savour to God.” The word is de- rived from the ing smoke, and or “thro fume. ‘et French flngrel‘l smoke less than do the English, which seems inex- plicable until one finds in the Standard Dictionary that a synonym of fume is “bluster,” though still the connection appears strained like the gentle dew O n Atlet times, §t had n ancien es, specific use in the etiquette of social cultz:zcnx. ‘The head of an honored guest was anointed with sweet-smelling oil. The heads of kings when crowned were anointed with it, as a token that they were honored by the high rank. The greatest token of adoration possible to the out- cast woman at the feet of Jesus was her breaking the alabaster box of precious B iy e e liar odor s day, the peculiar odor asso- ciated with the memory of some friend —some perfumery that the friend l::d e nostrils—is more emotion stirring than the sight of the departed one's portrait. As glggngd?u ulfh ;Sc:unts are surer unds or si make your heartatrings crack.” A Some one has described the two marks of superiority of man over all other animals; it is his tongue and his thumb. But there are animals and lower races of mankind which are keener than civilized man in the identi. fication of scents. Witness the blood- hound in following the scent of its prey, though hours have elapsed since the passage. There are Ethiopic races and Indians who have the same keenness of smell and who can trail a fugitive days after his flight through woods or across prairies. And now for the last hundred years men have learned how to make syn- thetic perfumes and the day of the civet cat, the rose, mignonette and vio- is passing. Every dog has had its day, 50 why not the cat, the ambergris? ul V. Golling.) Task for Belligeren (Copyright, 1929, by Pai The {ime will come when men will | ‘musk deer and the whale with its precious ! " THE LIBRARY TABLE By lln@oaldm “A Preface to!Morals,” by Walter Lippmann, is exactly what the title indicates—merely a preface. It is in no way & system of ethics. It analyzes modern ethical standards in comparison with those long established through the ages, and stresses the need for read- Jjustment, but what the nature of that readjustment shall be is of necessity left undetermined. There are three parts to the book—Part I, “The Disso- lutlon of the Ancestral Order”; II, “The Foundations of Humanism' The inscription on the title page of 2art I is from Aristophanes—“Whirl is having driven out Zeus ) says: “At the heart of it there are likely to be moments of blank misgiving in which he finds that the civilization of which he is a part leaves a dusty taste in his mouth. He may be very busy with many things, but he dis- covers one day that he is no longer sure they are worth doing. He has been much preoccupled, but he is no longer sure he knows why. He has become in- volved in sn elaborate routine of pleas- ures, and they do not seem to amuse him very much. He finds it hard to believe that doing any one thing is better than doing any other thing; or, in fact, that it is better than doing nothing at all. It occurs to him that it is a great deal of trouble to live, and that even in the best of lives the thrills are few and far between. He begins more or less consclously to seek satisfactions because he is no longer satisfled, and all the while he realizes that the pursuit of happiness was al- ways a most unhappy quest” This is a description of a profound state of pessimism, a state such as Carlyle lived in for much of his long life. A very constructive philosophy, firmly believed in, is necessary to overcome such pes- simism. Mr. Lippmann does not offer any new philosophy, though in his con- cluding chapter he does suggest what he calls “the religion of the spirit” and briefly tells his idea of it. * ok ok % Mr. Lippmann’s discussion of politics and economics in “A Preface {0 Morals” is an_interesting part of the book. In the chapter “‘Government in the Great Soclety” he takes account of the decline of loyalty to established ideas. Loyalty, he says, is a very flexible term. “As good & way as any to raise the tem- perature of political debate is to talk about loyalty. Everybody regards him- self as loyal and resents any imputation upon his loyalty. Yet even a cursory inspection of this term will show, I think, that it may mean any number of different things. * ¢ * When the citizen’s loyalty is in question the whole matter becomes immensely subtle.” ‘Though not considering political science et all an exact science, Mr. Lippmann admits its influence on life. ‘“Nobody takes political sclence very seriously, for nobody is convinced that it is a science or that it has any important bearing on politics.” “The Evolution of Loyalty” is a small treatise on a phase of political science and helps to clarify ideas on the sub- ject by showing continuous develop- ment. The section “Live and Let Live" is an essay on toleration and the psy- chology which either promotes or pre- vents it. “One of the inevitable effects of being attached to many different, somewhat conflicting, interdependent groupings is to blunt the edges of par- tisanship. It is possible to be fiercely partisan only as against those who are wholly allen. It is a fair generalization to say that the flercest Democrats are to be found where there are the fewest Republicans, the most bloodthirsty pa- triots in the safest swivel chairs. Where men are personally entangled with the groups that are in potential conflict, where Democrats and Republicans be- long to the same country club, and where Protestants and Catholics marry each other, it is psychologically impos- sible to be sharply intolerant. That is why astute directors of corporations adopt the policy of distributing their securities as widely as they can: they know quite well that even the modest shareholder is in some measure insu- lated against anti-corporate agitation. It is inherent in the complex pluralism of the modern world that men should behave moderately, and experience am- ply confirms this conclusion.” ik Five hundred times as much money is being spent by Byrd to enter the Antarctic region as was spent by Co- lumbus to discover America, according to Fitzhugh Green, explorer and author of a new booklet, “The Romance of Modern Exploration,” just published by the American Library Association. This vast difference in no way represents the relative value of the two expeditions, he points out, but it does show the changes which have taken place in the methods of exploration. “The modern explorer,” he says, “is an expert, and his results go to experts, while the early seafarer was more of a rough- and-ready adventurer who took a long chance, hoping for big gain—and didn’t mind much if he lost.” Sketches of the hardships, sacrifices and victories at the poles, in Africa, in Asia, under the sea, and in the thin air are a part of this fascinating booklet, written by a man who has been behind the scenes of many of the great deeds of recent years. The adventures are continued in the several books suggested by Mr. Green, which, he says, are so filled with human interest that the reader will be compelled to feel as if he were one of the explorer’s party. “The Romance of lodern Exploration” is one of the “Reading With a Purpose” series. * K Kk ‘The cause of prohibition is to have its “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” if the offer of Dorrance & Co. is accepted of a prize of $1,000, plus royalties, for a novel ‘hich shall bec ;n prohibition what ‘al W] " was to slavery. ‘The competition is o] (| “Uncle Tom's pen to all, but the novel must deal with prohibition in the United States. The manuscripts must all be in by June 1, 1930, the successful candidate will be announced very soon, and the book will be published in the Autumn of 10!0*, s ‘The facts of the life of Erich Maria uthor of “All Quiet on the are interesting as in- terpretative the bitterness of his book. He is 31 years old, and belongs to a family which removed from France during the French Revolution and settled in the Rhine country. When he lett | Glo! school he went into the German army, and during the World War was on the Western front. During the war most of his friends were killed and his mother died. He became a teacher in a moorland village, where loneliness and isolation added to the melancholy which had resulted from the war. Suc- cessively he became an organist in an asyly a teacher of music, manager of a small business, dealer in motors, draughtsman and dramatic critic. He was enabled to travel by winning a good sized sum at roulette. ‘Later he became ndent, then _publicity Berlin. Last author. Two ideas are devel the story—that the war evolved real comradeship, and that it wrecked a generation. * % % X ;nA:ndeJ h.umnn ‘A stflud;‘ ln.cour o] £ E d ‘Through- king, modern man’s discontent Mr. Lippmann | V- Yet the section | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS ‘This newspaper puts at your disposal , & corps of trained researchers in Wash- ington who will answer questions for you. They have access to the Govern- ment departments, the libraries, mu- seums, galleries and public buildings, and to the numerous associations which maintain headquarters in the Nation's Capital. If they can be of assistance to you, write your question plainly and send, with 2 cents in coin or stamps, to The Evening Star Information Bureau, l"redarlecJ. Haskin, director, Washing- ton, D. Q. When was a belt first considered a symbol of championship in boxing?— N. | A. The use of a belt as an emblem of championship is of .very ancient origin, dating back at least to the time of the siege of Troy. Homer in de- | scribing the game at the funeral o Patroclus mentions a belt in this con- nection. Q. Why 15 the back seat in some ::wmobues, called the “rumble” seat?— L A. The term “rumble seat” was first applied to the seat in a carriage behind the body of the carriage, which was provided for servants. Doubtless it was called this because of the continuous | low, heavy noise which wzs made by a | mr:lm" or wagon as it rolled over the | road. Q. Which railroad first used the tele- phone for train dispatching?—A. 8. T. A. Telephone Topics says that the Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad | was first to put the telephone to this | use. This was in 1879. Q. Is aluminum the lightest metals? If not, what is?—F. M. V. A. Lithium is said to be the lightest of metals, having a specific gravity of | 0.59. There are eight metals between | this and aluminum, which has a specific gravity of 2.6. Therefore, aluminum | { may be said to rank tenth. Q. What breed of dog is the largest? | —S. D. A. The mastiff, the St. Bernard and | the Irish wolfhound are the biggest dogs. The mastiff is probably the heavi- {est and the Irish wolfhound the tallest. This is a very general statement, since individuals of all breeds sometimes arc very large. Q. How many hymns did Fenny Crosby write?—O. V. N. A. Fanny Crosby, the blind hymn | writer, wrote some 2000 songs and hymns. Het most popular hymn is “Safe in the Arms of Jesus.” Q. Are snakes blind part of the time? | —F.E. W. | A. Snakes are blind during the pe- | | riod of shedding their skins. Q. Is Premier Hamaguchi the first | commoner who has become prime min- ister of Japan?—P. N. | A. Japan has had two other prime ministers who were commoners—Taka- shi Hara (1918-21) and Reijiro Wakat- suki (1926-27). Q. What does “alamo” mean?—F.C. A It is a Spanish word, and means | popliar tree. Q. Who is the wealthiest German In | the world>—G. G. of | BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Monthly, the Gefman' magazine, esti« mates the value of his property at 500,- 000,000 gold marks, which is about $119,000 vJ0. Q. Please describe the new. street cars in Pittsburgh—N. B, T. A. The street cars de luxe in Pitts- burgh are built of aluminum. The win- dows are unusually wide, the seats are form-fitting and well upholstered, the | floors are made of non-skid flexolith, and the lights are subdued. The inte- riors are finished in an ivory shade and the exterfors in green with black trim- mings. Because of the aluminum con- struction the cars run smoothly at 45 miles an hour. Q Has cigarette smoking among children increased or decreased in the past few years>—L. H. A. It has been estimated that the ge for forming the cigarette habit has fallen in the last 10 years from 16 to 11 years, and that every year 985,000 child smokers are added to the cigarette addicts. Q. Where did Pere Marquette live in | Chicago?—M. A. D. A. bert Shackleton in “The Book of Chicago” says: “As nearly as can be ascertained, the spot where Mar- quette lived in the bitter Winter th: was the last Winter of his life, was at what is now the junction of the Drain- age Canal with the Chicago River, at the foot of Robey street.” Q. Where are the celebrated “Canova lions"? Are they duplicates?—FP. F. A. You doubtless refer to the lions which are at the entrance of the tomb of Pope Clement XIIL Canova worked eight years to complete the tomb. The lions differ, in that one is wide-awake and menacing; its companion is asleep. Q. How does the quantity of cake consumed in the United States com- pare with breads?>—T. N. T. A. Experts say that the people of the United States are eating on the average about 1.6 ounces of cake a day, as com- pared with nearly 8.6 ounces of bread, less than 3§ ounce of macaroni, about !5 ounce of biscuits and crackers and 3.6 ounces of sweets other than cakes. Q. When was it that grasshoppers were o numerous in Kansas?>—L. B. S. A. When agriculture began to be established generally in the great plains region of the United States lying west of the Mississippl River and east of the Rocky Mountains, during the decade 1870-80, a migratory species of grass- hopper, commonly known as the Rocky Mountain locust, frequently swooped | down from its breeding grounds on the benches of the mountain range in such great swarms as to destroy practically all cultivated crops over vast areas of country, reducing thousands of families almost to starvatio) Q. Is Edwin Carewe, the movie di- rector, an Indian?—H. A. A. We are informed that he is half Indian. Q. What association in England cor- responds to the American Medical As- sociation in the United States?—P. L. M. A. The British Medical Association, London, does. Q When will trips to Europe be available for Gold "Star Mothers?— H. E. A. It has been stated that ex-Kalser | Wilhelm is the wealthiest German in | the world. An article in Westermann's | "A. 'The free trips to Europe for Gold Star Mothers will be from May 1, 1930, to October 31, 1933. Right to Criticize Officials Made Issue in Contempt Case Demands for an authoritative decision | that a newspaper should not comment, by some high court on the right of\fl it so desires,” at the same time | judges to act as complainant, prosecu- | stating that “the broad-minded man { tor and jury in cases involving alleged | porceives that the press is interested | contempt of court come from the press | mainly in the public welfare and that | generally as a result of jail sentences it has no desire to crucify any official imposed upon the editor and an edito- | unjustly. rial writer of the Cleveland Press for | The position that, as prosecutor, the 3 | Ohio judge should not have passed ok court | judgment on the case is taken by the Little Rock (Ark.) Democrat, the Asheville Times, the Elkhart Truth, the Albany Evening News and the Rochester { Times-Union. The Cleveland Plain | Dealer asserts: “If a judge can jail an | editor who dares point the finger of | eriticism in his direction, the whole | institution of a free press falls in ruin, | and without a free press popular govern- | ment would be a hazardous experiment, | if not a failure.” | Pointing to similar cases in the past, | the Youngstown Vindicator concludes: “All these lead up to the point that the acts of a public official are not above honest_criticism.” The Topeka Daily Capital thinks that “judges and courts have their personal rights against slander and libel, but as persons they have no special rights as office-holding persons.” The Ann Arbor Daily News protests that the judge “was utilizing the authority of his position to defend himself personally, and while doing so he denied the press that freedoms which constitutes a fundamental American principle.” “It is noticeable that the foremost judges in this and other States seldom or never have cases of contempt before them,” says the Columbus Ohio State Journal. The Detroit Free Press is concerned over the fact that “the wide- spread abuse of contempt proceedings in this country is a growing menace.” The Indianapolis News comments: “If the court holds its course, the issue ma be stripped to the bare question of I ful right to criticize, * * * and a de; cision reached as to whether the m‘opla propose to tolerate such court rulings.” “It is high time,” declares the Chi- cago Daily News, “that the issues pre- sented in the Cleveland case were decided deliberately, after full discus- sion, by the highest court of some State. ®* * * The important question is whether the editorials, published while the case was pending, were calcu- lated to obstruct justice and reflect upon the integrity of the judge. If they were, the contempt was plain. If not, the journalists merely exercised the right of free discussion and proper criticism of public servants.” The Daily News explains that the editorials to which the court objected attacked the issuing of an injunction which prevented the suppression of “contribution betting” at a race track. After stating the general understand- ing of the law, that “criticisms of judges and discussion of the merits of jaw suits while under consideration are forbidden on the theory that such press criticism might tend to sway the mind of the judge and jury,” but that “it is not the common understanding that it is done at all for the mere personal protection of the court,” the Madison (Wis.) State Journal says: “It would seem bad policy, indeed, were judges made immune to criticism of their judicial acts. Certainly that would not be free speech. To withdraw judges from the chastening influence of public opinion would be a dangerous proceed- ing in & country whose fundamental law Tests upon the idea of majority rule, of freedom of opinion, without the excrcise of which the very (uncuunmg of republican government would cease. * o % X “The American Bar Association,” recalls the Charleston Daily Mail, “has been en- deavoring to reform the law and pro- cedure under the law, but lawyers as well as the law move slowly. This association may well take up the law of contempt. Two things must be pre- served in this country—respect for the judiciary and the freedom of the press in the matter of criticism of public officials. Neither is perfect; both are necessary. The public good demands that both be preserved.” “It detracts nothing from the re- spect and consideration due to_ our courts,” in the opinion of the St. Louis ‘Democrat, “to emphasize the hat judges are servants of the people, like those selected for other preferment, and that days of reckoning may come with demands for an ac- counting, on their records, to the pub- lic or those who voice the public's de- sires and opinions. That is the very essence of free speech and a free press.’ The Altoona Mirror also contends: “The courts are entitled to the con- fidence and the respect of the press as well as of the community and a judge should be exempt from criticism ¢ idea tI Why 't e judge be criticized, and why judge have a weapon called ‘contempt of court’ that he can indiscriminately jail those who regard mamnfllsm acts ulwmu?" asks té:: Portland Oregon _Journal. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch contends that “it - |all new. The mosquitoes originated Chemist Invents Soap By Synphetic Process BY E. E. FREE, PH. D. Added to all the new metals, new foods, new fabrics and other novelties presented to the world by synthetic chemistry, Mr. Ralf B. Trusler of the Mellon Institute in Pittsburgh has in- vented a new kind of soap. It is made, he explains in his report to the Amer- /ican Chemical Society, by using in place of ordinary soapmakers’ lye & new syn- thetic chemical called ethanolamine. The ethanolamine soap has the unusual advantage of dissolving in liquids like gasoline and carbon tetrachloride even more readily than soap dis- solves in water. This is expected to make it useful in taking spots eff clothes, in dry cleaning and in cleaning oil and grease off walls, automobiles, machinery and other subjects. Ancient nations, even those as cleanly as the Romans, knew nothing of soap, but de- pended on water, steam, oils like olive oil and certain kinds of clay now known to contain a little lye. vented, historians of the inhabitants of anclent Gaul, most of whom wore long beards id who liked to have these beards Lye from wood ashes will redden dark-colored beards and black- bearded Gauls are known to have used the ashes of their fires for this E:r- pose. Some one probably mixed ashes with fat, the historians sus) cidentally, it is belleved, the fact that fat and Iye mixed together will make soap. Now Mr. Trusler takes another step by devising his synthetic substi- tute for lye. £ ————————— Refueling Isn’t New. Prom the Louisville Times. £ in Rignt tent anything at centuries ago. Add Chinese Situation. 'llwpm ‘They ha dation trains