Evening Star Newspaper, July 24, 1929, Page 8

8 ¥ THE EVENING STAR _ With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C WEDNESDAY . .July 24, 1920 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company ‘Business Office: 1th St. and Pennsylvanis Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t. Ghicago Office: Lake Michigan Building. Furopean Office: 14 Regent St., London, England. City. Rate by Carrier Within the s per month ‘The Ev rn;nr S!;rs. i .'--':I-I‘ pel The Ev i T hen 4 Bundars) " 60c per month enen s The Sunday Star . . Collection made at the end of Orders may be sent in by mail NAtional 5000, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. v and Sunday....1 yr., $10.00: 1 mo., b e Yo te00; 1 mo. Sunday only 1 3400 1 mo. 40¢ All Other Stal Delly and Sunday..1 Dailv only Sunday only ... ‘Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively ertiled to the use for republication of all news dis- paiches credited to it or not otherwise cred- Ted 1n this paper and also the iocal news published hersin. All rights of publication of Rbecial dispatches herein are also reserved. and Canada. +$12.00: 1 mo.. 8! 58.00; 1 mo. . $5.00; 1 mo., es e 1.00 | 8¢ s0c For War Against War. *Poday in the east room of the ‘White House forty countries of the world joined in an impressive proclamation of the general pact for the renunciation of war. Twenty-two other governments, which have either signed or adhered to the pact, were there mn spirit, if not in the actual flesh of representatives now in Washington. President Hoover, ap- propriately flanked by his ‘predecessor in office, Calvin Coolidge, and by his own first Secretary of State, Frank B. | Kellogg—whose honored name will for- | ever be associated with the treaty— headed & company Tepresentative of all | the signatory and adhering powers. To | them Mr. Hoover addressed a mes- sage symbolical of the occasion which marks an epochal stage of the world's long and weary march toward the mil- Jennium of permanent peace. Such a conclave would have been momentous in Any circumstances. Under those which ushered in this noon's ceremony it becomes an event of dramatic significance. At almost the “ hour for which the proclamation pro- ceedings were convoked, it became & certainty, after days of utmost tension, that Russia and China are not going to war. What would have made of the White House ritual a hideous travesty was averted, and averted, moreover, by and because of the Kellogg pact. The Chinese Eastern Railway con- troversy is by mo means a closed in-| cident. But thanks to a prompt and a forceful reminder to the high contend- ing parties that. as signatories to the multilateral treaty, they were bound to refrain from war as an instrument for compesing their differences, Russia and China have unlimbered no guns, or at least have fired none at each other. In accordance with article 2 of the anti-war treaty, they will resort to “pacific means.” The authors of the Kellogg pact eould hardly have designed a more thrilling curtain-raiser for this day's solemn proceedings. It is not going too far to say that the treaty vindicated jtself at the very moment of its offi- cial birth as the law of the world. Not even its most extravagant devotee has ever claimed for the pact that it would utterly and absolutely banish war. It 4 a league of good-will among nations determined, if they can, to make war Jess probable than if the treaty did not exist. The Russo-Chinese imbroglio came along at a psychological moment for focusing the world’s attention upon the basic purposes and practical pos- sibilities of the pact. Tt stood the test. It generated pre- cisely that “aroused public conscience against the utter horror and frightful- ness of war” to which Mr. Kelicgg has so aptly referred. The pact, as he observed on the same occasion, is & concerted effort upon the part of statesmen to help “the peoples of the world enjoy a peaceful mind.” With the treaty for renunciation of war now on the statute books of Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas, ratified by virtually all of the governments of both hemispheres, and sanctified by the hearts, the longings and the wills of thelr peoples, mankind is entitled to stride forth from this day hence in the high confidence that it has charted a new and better course. America clasps the hand of France at this hour with particular fervor. History may know the treaty as the Kellogg pact, but it will not fail to record that its primary origin lay with that brilliant Gaul, Aristide Briand. There is glory enough for all in the eventual achievement. M. Briand'’s initiative and Mr. Kellogg's patience and persistence—especially the Ameri- can Secretary of State’s demand for a multilateral world pact rather than a Franco-American bilateral treaty— were the twin factors leading to to- day's triumphant climax. A -milepost of human progress is now set up. It is a sign that we are at least that much nearer the goal of a warless world. To have marched so0 far since 1914 is a striking accom- plishment. . 85 80c | | | pocketbook. | cases—and these in the less populated reduced, as evidenced at Grant road where a portion of the roof of one building was blown off, and at Wesley Heights where something similar hap- pened. This deterioration has reached a stage where the cost of dismantling has become out of proportion to the present value of the buildings involved.” Taking the report as a whole, it is found that while some of the portables are in generally good condition, as portables, practically all of them have deteriorated to the point where high wind endangers them, where it is un- economical to move them, and if “some- thing similar” happened at Wesley Heights, “something similar” is likely to happen again. In the face of this report it is dificult to see how the Board of Education can recommend anything but an abandonment of the practice of moving portables, unless it chooses a few of the best and demands expert “yes or no” advice on whether it is safe to move them. The alter- native to moving the portables is a resort to part-time classes in congested schools. That is undesirable. But it is the lesser of two evils, for if portables are unsound and unsafe their continued | transfer and use should be abandoned without question. Portables have served a useful pur-! pose in Washington and in other cities. ‘Their adoption here as a temporary ex- pedient was necessary and reasonable. Had the five-year building program been carried out as originally planned, they would no longer have been neces- sary. But the five-year program was not carried out and the emergency and the portables seem to have become per- manent. The emergency may remain, but the portables should not. o Speed Traps, In the early days of motoring it | was no uncommon experience to be stopped on the road by constables and told that “from that house back yon- der is a half a mile and we have had the stop watch on you for proof of speeding.” Thereupon the justice of | the peace would emerge from behind | shady tree and collect a fine, part ‘of which he pocketed as his fee for. conviction. This was known as the | “speed trap.” Nor was it an uncom- { mon experience to be overtaken by a dilapidated car driven by an unkempt- | appearing individual, who would proud- |1y pull his frayed coat aside to show a brightly.shined star with the infor- mation that “you are under arrest for | exceeding the legal limit allowed by |law.” Naturally there followed the | usual procedure. A visit to the justice of the peace and a flattening of the As time went on, however, public | |opinion frowned so definitely on these | practices that in all except isolated sections of the country—they were abandoned. States put their traffic en- forcement men on speedy motor cycles and in natty uniforms. Cities did like- wise. These trafic men of the new school of thought on traffic enforce- | ment were sent out to patrol the high- { ways and to inspire obedience to the {law by their presence. They worked | {on the theory that “an ounce of pre- | vention is worth a pound of cure.” | Their primary purpose was to prevent infractions of the regulations rather than to make arrests of those who perhaps unwittingly had violated them. So sound was this theory of trafic enforcement that it. is now universally used. Consequently it is with consider- able surprise that Washingtonians ob- serve their own motor cycle policemen hiding up dark streets with lights out seemingly more anxious to make arrests than to prevent violations of the traffic code. They sit poised on their ma- chines deep in the shadows of large trees, the shadows unrelieved by a cin- gle light from their machines although the regulations call for illumination on every vehicle on the streets at night. ‘Washington, of course, is in the midst of a traffic enforcement campaign. Splendid results have been accom- plished by it. However good the resulis there is no excuse for such police practices. They are subversive to every logical theory of enforcement and should be promptly discontinued. Un- less Maj. Pratt has changed the policy of Maj. Hesse he is unaware of the methods used to apprehend violators of the regulations. It is inconceivable that in this day and age the National Capital should revert to the practices of bygone times, practices that have been universally condemned and abandoned. ————ao—s. Soviet Russia does not wish to fight. Neither does China. The problem is to prevent the assertion of so-called lead- ership which will precipitate a fight at | any hazard. e ‘The Bremen breaks a record and an- nounces to the world that any suspicion of German discouragement is unwar- ranted. o Enforcement of prohibition brings up an old-fashioned study of the art of “passing the buck.” —————————— Pajamas and Principle. | W. O. Saunders, editor and author, of | Elizabeth City, N. C., wore pajamas down the main street on Sunday a week ago, and the results of his feat law enforcement is demanded. In- terpretation of the law introduces new considerations. B Report on the Portables. The cauticusly worded report of the municipal architect’s committee which inspected the city's portable schools places responsibility for their continued transfer and use with the school au- thorities, The report recommends that “any further moving of these schools should be very carefully considered and only those in a very substantial con- dition should be moved; other build- ings should be repaired as long as necessary, but when their usefulness in their present location is gone, they should be abandoned.” ‘While “only those in a very substan- tial condition” should be moved, the report does not state what portables, it any. meet this standard. The report does class as “general condition good” 36 of the portables inspected, but also declares that all buildings of the type “show evidences of deterioration from this constant moving; screw holes are worn out and timber crushed and de- stroyed around bolt holes by the tight- ening of bolts while being re-erected. o When this condition is con- sidered it is readily seen that the re- were disappointingly inconsequential. Nobody disturbed him, nobody arrested him, and, for all one knows, he went back home crestfallen, took off his paja- mas and attired himself as fashion and custom decree. But yesterday he came again upon the street attired in a natty blue suit of rayon pajamas, with a neck- tie and sandals, and the local constable and chief of police, acting as one man, picked him up and haled him before the mayor. The mayor made his bid for fame by releasing Mr. Saunders in the custody of his pajamas and by issuing a proclamation that said, in effect, that there was no law against doing what Mr. Saunders did, and he could keep on wearing pajamas as long as he wanted to, so long as he observed the proprie- ties of ordinary decency. Now as long as the case remains in status que, everything will be lovely and serene. Mr. Saunders will wear his pajamas on the street if he wants to and the chances are that he will not want to very long. The danger is that some member of the ‘North . Intention to reduce Army expenses is a | tax reduction. 'THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €., WEDNESDAY, JULY 24, 1929. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. immediately don pajamas for the prin- ciple of the thing and the Nation's peace of mind will be shattered. Give us more pajama-respecting mayors in this country and it will be a better country. If a man feels that he must wear pajamas, let him wear them. If he wants to go barefooted, let him go barefooted. And if his sister prefers to dress, or otherwise, in a manner that attracts large crowds of interested citizens wherever she goes, let her do it. Remove the penalty for wearing pajamas and the pajamas are also removed—removed, that is, and replaced by ordinary and shock-ab- sorbing raiment, Fommm Reducing Army Outlays. ‘The President’s announcement of his stroke while the iron is hot, It follows closely on the heels of the White House announcement of last week that ana- Iyzed the mounting expenses of Gov- ernment and the dimming prospects of ‘The blame for the mounting expenses was laid at the door of the Army and the Navy, greater outlays for public works and the Post Office deficit. Now the President an- nounces that one channel toward tax reduction lies in reducing expenses on armament. Naval expenses may be curbed by international agreement on naval arms. Army expenses may be curbed by appointment of & commis- sion within the general staff that will reconsider the whole program of Army expenditures, and discover where ‘cuts may be made without materially affect- ing the Army's abllity to remain ef- ficient and prepared. Our expenditures on armament, it is pointed out, are greater than those of any Nation in the world and at a time when there is “less real danger of ex- tensive disturbance to peace than at any time in more than half a century. The hope of tax reduction lies in large degree in our ability to economize on military and naval expenditure and still maintain adequate defense. Our whole situation is certainly modified under the Kellogg pact. In linking directly the possibility of tax reduction with the possibility of sav- ing money on the Army, the President takes the shortest and surest cut to ob- taining that public sentiment upon which he must count for support. Money talks, and most persuasively when it is arguing for reducing the average citizen’s expenses in taxes. A strong sentiment for tax reduction can be set in motion overnight by merely announcing bright prospects. A senti- ment for Army and Navy reduction on the basis of the Kellogg treaty alone re- quires longer to crystallize. The acute problem lies in where the | trimming process, in the Army, can be- gin. Great Army outlays now are large- ly explained by a building program that should be carried through as planned, and on the development of aviation. Our standing Army already represents the minimum. But the President’s idea is evidently to have a group of experi- enced mechanics overhaul the old ma- chine from top to bottom, to discover where money is being spent on meth- ods and equipment that have been ren- dered obsolete and of doubtful worth by the advancement of scientific war- fare. Some of these may be abandoned. Other expenditures may be spread over | a longer period. ‘The general staff commission is given an opportunity to reorganize the Army on the basis of efficiency and economy. If greater efficiency and economy are the result, the task will have been | worth while, even without the added re- | ward of a reduction in taxation. ! —— e Convicts at Dannemora, N. Y., made a desperate attempt for freedom. The | system which undertakes to make peni- tentiary service agreeable and helpful is evidently a failure. R — Michigan supports pari-mutuel bet- ting. There seems to be no way of abol- ishing the influence of horse racing as an element of modern civilization. —et————— At the present moment it ought to be the proud privilege of Russia and China to assert themselves as dominant in- fluences in securing a world peace. ——ee— Commercialism asserts itself even to the extent of calling attention to how | much per word a political favorite may | receive for a magazine article. —— e Soviet leaders may prove intractable. They have a dificult constituency with whom to deal. e ""SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Racquet Tamed. The Tennis Racquet makes it plain As years go passing by, That youthful force we can't regain. But we can “swat” a fly. So let us gather, more or less 1In sport, as days go by And each be filled with gratefulness ‘That he can “swat” a fly, Kindly Attention. “Didn’t I tell you not to bother me about the tariff?” said Senator Sorghum. “But, we felt that it would be better to say & few words in order to show that we atill regarded you as influential.” Jud Tunkins says his idea of fame is something that depends on who has managed to get the best press agent. Unintelligible Terms, A Russian and a Chinaman Engaged in a debate, And sald, “Oh, please get, if you can, ‘This laundry ticket straight!” Driving. “Does your wife drive from the back seat?” “Yes,” answered Mr. Chuggins. “And she’s a good driver, at that. Only she doesn’t realize that she hasn't got the traffic officer as thoroughly covered as Iam.” “The most effusive friend,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “may only prove an enemy in disguise. Back to Earth. The aviator soars on high Afar from mortal sight. Carolina Legislature will propose a law against wearing pajamas on the street and that the Legislature may pass it. Then Mr. Saunders will have to ight | complications,” sald Uncle Eben, “sooner | {275, HinE they ve for his rights as an American citizen and hie pajamas may get torn, thou- ‘We still encourage him to fiy— But how's he going to light? “In spite of all dese international or later we's got, plain, simple git down to de of who has been sistance to high winds i considerably sands of self-rerpectips citigeps Wil robblp’ de hod Eoost.” ... ““Yes,” answered the polite constituent, | o, Why do men simulate anger as a Jjoke? Many have & bad habit of pretending to be angry when they are not, as if there were not e spleen in the world already and they must make some more. Two middle-aged men meeting, one began to ask as to the composif of a certain party to be held, and when the second told the first that his son was going along, the latter sald, with- au: cracking a smile, that he would not go. “1 won't go if that boy is along,” he declared. “I hate that boy.” Chan listeners wondered at the remark, look- ed at the man to see if he appeared serious, decided that he did, dismissed the matter as past understanding. As it turned out, the er Was “only joking.” Seeing that his remarks had been misunderstood by all except the father, he volunteered the informa- tion that as a matter of fact he was and always had been excessively fond of the young !:llo'w ‘tn question. * ‘The question remained: If he liked the young fellow, why did he pretend not to like him? If he really cared for him, what queer trend in human nature was it that made him willing to joke about the matter? And even if willing to joke. why should the joke take the form of anger? Yet it is common knowledge that this simulation of ire takes place often, es- gchll,v among men, who rather fear show affection in public. (This s another matter in which women are more sensible than men.) Perhaps the best thing for them to do would be to remain silent. This, at any rate, would free them from the appearance of anger. Anger is too costly and explosive an emotion to monkey with, as many have found out to their sorrow. Of all the emotions to which man is heir anger is the one he has to fear the most. It comes upon him in the most unexpected ways, from vast psychological depths no man has yet probed. The whole history of the race is colled away in anger, which raises its ugly head at the slightest spark, ready to defend, to fight, to slay, or, at the least, to intimidate. The 'lnr of the back and swelllng of the tail of the domestic cat are striking mani. festations of anger, yet the emotion does not have to be so visibly displayed wa; rewg‘nu:bla ose who knew George Washington best recognized him as a man with great depths of anger held in leash against an emergency. He was the perfect gentleman, but beneath the outward lgpeurmcu slumbered & vol- cano which not even his closest ad- visers dared to disturb. ‘Washington was a great man, who not only held his temper in check, but made it serve the purposes of his coun- try. With most men such anger is only a hindrance and a danger. The average person has neither the oppor- tunity nor ability to turn anger to any good use. With him it must be simply an explosion, stirred into being by an injustice, perhaps, or by no greater reason than a slight. * ok X x Anger is productive of both good and evil, as most qualities are, so that wholesale condemnation of it would be silly. Just as the arched back and thus increased height of the an tomcat saves him from the pursuing dog, 50 righteous anger in man has been responsible for many good deeds. Its awful manifestations, however, have been s0 numerous in the history of the race that mankind has come to be afraid of it, and rightly, for anger is too widely coupled wtih sinful mani- WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE Some day, when it can be told, there'll be a thrilling story of the way in which heaven and earth were moved during the past week to prevent Rus- sia and China from going to war. The United States put the most powerful shoulder to the wheel. Its all-com- pelling motive was to avert hostilities at this particular moment—the cere- mon'al effectuation of the Kellogg pact. President Hoover and Secretary Stim- son realized that war in Manchuria on the eve of today's historic event in the ‘White House would have blown gaping holes in the pact, and possibly sunk it without trace, as far as any future use- fulness was concerned. America hopes the anti-war treaty will be a bulwark for peace for all time; but what sent cold chills down all spines at the White House and the State Department was the fear that the Russians and Chinese might begin shooting at each other this week, of all weeks. So it was ordained that Secretary Stimson should step on all the diplomatic gas at his command to avert such a catastrophe. He moved with celerity and force in Moscow. Nanking, London, Paris and Tokio. To date, he has achieved America’s pur- pose. How long it will remain achieved —well, that's another story. * ok x % Officially, the choice of July 24 by President Hoover as the day for pro- claiming the effectiveness of the gen- eral pact for renunciation of war was dictated mainly by the arrival this week of Japan’s ratificatory document. It was the last one required to put the treaty in force. has deep historical actly 156 years ago today—July 24, 1914—the World War was born. It was the fateful 24 hours between the dis- patch of Count Berchtold's imperious Austrian ultimatum to Serbia and its official rejection by the Serbian govern- ment. Herbert Hoover is not a - larly sentimental person where the real- ities of public affairs are concerned, but it's just possible he chose July 24 as “Kellogg pact day” with malice aforethought, as it were—malice, that is, toward all and sundry who, in days to come, refuse to renounce war as an instrument of national policy. * Kk K X Not everybody knows that an Ameri- can newspaper man, Smith Reavis, news editor of the Paris bureau of the lated ad & hand in the , i Kellogg pact. On April 6. th:hg tenth anniversary of the United States entry into the World War, Reavis asked Foreign Minister Briand at Paris for a statement to the Ameri- can people. M. Briand's nse was s ernmen ce in & bi- lateral to outlaw war. Out of that n grew Secretary Kellogg's mponl of a multilateral {.a, which oW he civilized Tecently 1927, become the la7 of gathered to his fathers, Myron T. Her- rick, our late Ambassador to France, and Paul Claudel, French Ambassador in Washington—also played effective toles in bringing the pact to final fruition. * % ¥ % American dollars have an important share in the Bremen's conquest of the tlantic record. The North Ger- man Lloyd is one of the numerous German corporations which have bor- rowed large sums of money in the United States during the ?.m flvt:'l; six years. The company's comm shares are listed on the New York Stock . ‘The cash which investors placed at the Lloyd's disposal has certal furnished some of . the sinews of war for the Bremen line’s enormous expansion, especially in the direction of enabling it to build a fleet of de luxe J:amm for the Amm passenger . The skipper of swift and sinewy Bremen is Capt. Ziegenbein. German, his means “goat’s leg.” Evidently the Teu- ‘got & good one to on the bridge. PR of Nicholas J. Sinnott the festations of humanity to make it a lar commodity in the human mar- u:n': at least for every-day consump- Ever since writing as an art came into fashion there have been great diatribes against the sin of anger. In the early collective days of mankind, when thoughtful men first ut their , the pic of anger became & ‘ Plutarch wrote charmingly and to the polntmhumnmmdur. In a later -n" Montaigne han the subject well. Man was quick to see in the mani- festations of nature the “anger of the gods,” and the great Hebrew writings are full of “the anger of the Lord.” He was declared to be a man of wrath, mighty in but plentiful merey. too. Thus anger was seen to have a rightful heritage, both in heaven and earth, largely because human beings who wrote out their thoughts saw the emotion so universal. Modern "re- ul:cl':u have l:fl;flh tl# o:flmouan to be almost as mucl ys! ical as psy- chological, depending upon the work of certain glands of interior secretion for its effectiveness. Yet the part of man which “touches the button,” as it were, |1s the mind, coupled with the nervous | system. These operate through the senses, and especially through the un- | derstanding, which may be called the | sixth sense, to our way of thinking. 3k Anger would thus seem too consum- | ing a passion to be evoked in mock play in order to say something which xrnu:n. better be said plainly and as a ac Such statements as we have quoted | show a predilection for teasing, which | many adults indulge in as play. but which in reality is simply a form of mild cruelty curiously intertwined with anger. ‘Teasing usually involves a mental or physical prodding by one superior in astren, to the victim. It is a form| of bullying on a mild scale, usually tol- | erated because both victim and spec- tators fear to attract attention to them- selves and thus draw upon themselves |a more sincere form of anger. |” Thus anger lurks at the base of this | as of many other matters. The danger | | of all teasing. all joking statements and | actions lies in the ease with which an- | | ger is invoked. | Anger is such a terrible thing, so rec- | ognized by the world at large, as well as by individuals, that only the reck- i:us man will consclously risk stirring up. Unconsciously, however. thousands run the risk simply because they fail to realize the relationship of anger with joking and teasing. The acceptance of such “jokes” is supposed to show one & *| sport,” whatever that is, but the futility of them may be ques- tioned at the same time. It is so much easier to say plainly what one thinks. especially when the thought is laudatory, that there would never seem to be occasion for acting !to the contrary, even when another| thoroughly understands this method of | back-hand compliment. Others may not understand it and g0 away with false reports. Certainly there are enough of these without run- ning the risk of adding to their num- ber through purposeful misstatements. All such “joking” is beside the mark. It tends to leave hurtful impressions, even though not realized as such, for words are mighty and possess power not alone in their combinations but in themselves. If one wants to joke, let it be a real joke, not based upon a sim- ulation of emotions having no connec- tion with wit and humor. anger, in | | just passed away in Washington, was another example of the faflure of great, physical prowess in youth to assure a man longevity. The former Oregon Congressman was only 58 years old. At Notre Dame, in the early 80s, Sinnott was the all-around champion athletes Immensely tall and muscular, he shone irresistibly on the track, the diamond and the gridiron. All through his life he carried as a charm the gold medal awarded annually to the outstanding athlete on the “Fighting Irish” cam- pus. Secretary Hughes once told this observer of being accosted in New York by a puny old man, whom he didn't recognize, but who turned out to have been a classmate at Brown and the “strong man” of the university. R President Hoover is still looking for | the eighth and last member of his Fed- | eral Farm Board. George Akerson, his assistant, says that what the Chief is to locate the * %k ok ok Sergt. Ernest M. Seaman of Chief “Dick” Jarvis’ White House police force is recovering in hospital from a serious operation. Seaman is one of the two sergeants on duty at the executive of- fices whose re: ve gantlets all! handshaking patriots must run before geining access to the President. No career diplomat has more need of the | suavity and tact which Sergts. rymple and Seaman must exercise from hour to hour. Many years of service have fitted them admirably for the job. ‘When Seaman comes back he’ll find the new ante-room of the executive offices open and doing business. though “Jim” Hornaday, veteran Indianapolis News correspondent, says the sergeant by mistake may think he's wandered into a rallroad “depot” somewhere in the Hoosler pie bel:. e Here's 8 sprightly account of Mid- | summer life in Washington from the Fertilizer Review, published in the in- terest of the industry which wants to mk;o m“m'l‘n‘; for tertmnut‘lon: ly are warming up 2 bit here in Washington, “midst hauls of fame.” The Senate finance committee is getting the lowdown on tariff. The hotels are full of big “sugar and ’lasses men” from and there, who say they can't raise cane without some protection. The apple growers are singing “Yes, We ‘Want No Bananas” (unless there’s a tariff on ’em). The butter-fat are to grease the skids for for producers of vegetable olls. Senate is doing its slip the debenture fh“'l: ;nw the ufl.lnbm. dEo -1% n all it’s & merry party, and we of the intelligentsia sit back and pon- der whether there’s more “tare” or more “iff” in the tariff as an aid to agriculture. Also, events of the past few days have given little consola- tion to those who predicted that Mr. Hoover's Farm Board wouldn’t have a legge to stand on. (Copyright, 1 LG, Better Than the Flyers. From the Muncie Morning St . AR al ark in th Atlantic Ocean. o trying “cream of wheat.” Like Money That Won’t Last. Prom the Roanoke Times. Of what value is an endurance record that won't endure? e N S L | ten individuals whose blood was first | Paraguayan Official v Raps Nerval Article To_the Editor of The Star: In The Star's issue of July 14 last. & contribution of Sr. ton Nerval ‘was published in regard to the contro- versy between Paraguay and Bolivia respecting certain territory in the Chaco. ‘The caption of the article in ques- tion and the stated character of the author as an ‘“authority on Latin American affairs” at first led me to suppose that some impartial and objec- tive discussion of the Chaco contro- versy might be involved. ~But upon analyzing the statements of Sr. Nerval, it became evident to me that his pur- pose was rather to expound and de- fend the Bolivian point of view in this matter without taking into account that of the Paraguayans. This induced the aug ition that notwithstanding the published character of Sr. Nerval as an “authority” in Latin American af- fairs, he unconsciously had been in- fluenced by a Bolivian background. Upon inquiry into the matter it was develo) that the pen name “Gaston Nerval” is used by Sir Raul Diez de Medina, attache of the Bolivian lega- tion in Washington and son of his excellency, Sr. Diez de Medina, the Bolivian Minister in Washington. Before learning the identity of this author, I had thought of asking the hospitality of your columns to rectify several erroneous premises in his con- tribution, believing that they probably represented the opinion of an impar- tial American who was not completely 4 informed on Latin American matters, and who would, therefore, be interested in comparing all points of view in the Chaco dispute. But upon learning the affiliations of the author, which are as Bolivian as mine are Paraguayan, I did not consider it necessary to make such; an_effort. I therefore take the liberty of ad- dressing this letter to The Star and ask that you be good enough fo give it publicity at least equal to that af- forded Senor Nerval in vour columns, and should like particularlv to make clear the following point for the in- formation of American public opinion: Paraguayan rights in the Chaco, do not rest simply on_ possession, as Sénor Nerval, or rather the junior Senor Diez de Medina, alleges, but 2lso on numerous warrants of the Spanish monarch in colonial times. These warrants and other supporting acts are of such jurid- ical titular value to the Paraguayan rights that Rutherford Hayes, Presi- dent of the United States, acting as judge in 1878 to decide between Argen- tine and Paraguyan rights in the Chaco, in a controversy identical in principle n-Bolivian , “the Re- public of Paraguay has just and legal title to said territory.” It may be noted. therefore, that Paraguay's rights in the Chaco do not derive cnly from possession or occupa- tion, but also rest upon the solemn arbitral finding of a Precident of the United States declaring Paraguay's just and legal title there, i, e., the most perfect title that a nation may possess respecting any territory. And this fact | should not be omitted by any “‘author- ity on Latin American affairs” who undertakes a discussion of the Chaco | controversy. 1 PABLO M. YNSFRAN. Charge d'Affaires of Paraguay. | —r——— Mountain Visit Adds Pink Blood Corpuscles BY E. E. FREE, PH. D. Whether or mnot a visit to the! mountain tops fulfils the poets’ prom- | ise of uplift of soul and flow of in-| spiration, it certainly promotes the fiow i of new red blood corpuscles outward | from the bones. Two Italian physiolo- gists, R. Margaria and E. Sapegno, re- | ported recently to the Academy of Sciences in Rome their experiments on | tested after three weeks on top of Col d’Olen, a mountain about 9,000 feet high, and afterward at sea level at| Turin. The mountain-top blood contained about one-eighth more red corpuscles than usual, but the red coloring matter of these corpuscles, the hemoglobin, in- creased only about four per cent. The mountain visit evidently caused more corpuscles in the blood but less of the | vital red chemical in each average | corpuscle. This smaller share of the red color is characteristic of new. young corpuscles, recently set free into the blood vessels from the “factory” where the corpuscles are believed to be made ; inside the marrow of the long bones. When a person loses blood. the Italian experts recall, this same thing happens. Many new corpuscles are rushed out from the bony factories only partially ready, as though the loss of half his armies compelled a general to send in- to the trenches a batch of raw, im- perfectly trained recruits. Evidently some stimulus of mountain life induces the corpuscles factories to act similarly and to supply new, imperfectly colored ones | with unusual speed. | e e ! Smoking Privileges i For Woman Teachers, From the Ann Arbor Daily News. | ‘Woman teachers in California pub- lic schools will be permitted to smoke cigarettes—in the privacy of their| homes. Vierling Kersey. State director of education, has made such 2 ruling and | it is causing a lot of discussion. But it cannot be called unreasonable unless| discrimination between masculine and feminine teachers is accepted as logical and fair. 1t is not going too far to insist that+ the lives of public school teachers shall| be morally clean, but the smoking of cigarettes is not generally looked upon as an act of immorality. If it were immoral for women, it certainly would | be immoral for men, and there has been | no question in California concerning the | right of male teachers to smoke. Smoking in the classroom is, of course, out of the question. The in-' fluence would be bad, for the reason| that it would encourage the children to contract the habit, and nicotine is manifestly not good for boys and girls of tender age, regardless of what its effects may be on adults. But in the privacy of the teacher’s home—regardless of the teacher’s sex— smoking is a purely personal matter, along with the eating of sweets and the drinking of tea or coffee, and in fact the whole question of diet or that of physical attire. A teacher may be a public servant, but that does not mean that he or she shall be obliged to live in a glass house, with every personal act under the scrutiny of a censor. Teachers are human beings, entitled to a certain amount of private living, with individual preferences regarding the manner of eruvymfi life. Smoking may not be P ly beneficial to a woman teach- er, but so long as it does not interfere with her educhtional activities it is mostly a matter of her own business. [, = Humanizing Bull Fighting. From the Worcester Gazette. The reporled movement among the Spaniards to “humanize” bull fighting | probably has made no marked impres- sion as yet on the bulls. g ———— Why Imported Only? Prom the Cincinnati Times-Star. custom house official and have to read all the off-color fiction imported from Europe. —ve—a And Headline Writers. Maybe It Was Weights. From the Butte Daily Post. The Butte thief who stole a house and moved it a mile away ol started out in life as mmfim Only One? Prom the New London, Cenn, A Kansas City farmer was arrested for his truck with a load of ,, Day. speedirg live pork, He's what you'd call a road From the Dayton Daily News. A Russian Chinese war might not af- fect the rest of us, but it surely would cause a lot of trouble for’the type- setters. = A Good Blank for the U.S. S. R. Prom the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. American tourists in Russia find that tips are refused by soviet waiters and porters. If the bellboys are included the rush soon will be on. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Any reader can get the answer to any question by writing to our information bureau in Washington, D. C. This of- fer applies strictly to information. The bureau cannot give advice on legal, medical and financial matters. It does not attempt to settle domestic trou- bles, nor undertake exhaustive research on any subject. Write your question plainly and briefly. Give full name and address and incl 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. y is sent direct to the inquirer. Address ‘The Evening Star Information Bureau, ‘l;redgll:c-l. Haskin, Director, Washing- n, 3 3 hat nationality is Vietor Var- coni?—J. P. A. He is a Hungarian. He was born in Kisvarda, Hungary, March 31, 1896. Q. When was the privilege of the M floor of the Senate granted to reporters and when was it revoked?’—R. G. E. K. There was never any specific au- thority for admitting press representa- tives to the floor of the Senate. Under tule 33 of the Senate rules, which lists those entitled to the privilege of the floor, representatives of the press are not mentioned. It has been the custom for many years for the chairman of the rules committee to extend this privilege to one representative of each of the principal press associations and up until May 22, 1929, this authority had never been questioned. Since that date re- porters have been exciuded. Q. Can a couple, both of age, but non- residents of the District of Columbia. secure a marriage license in Washing- ton and be married the day it is issued? —M. G. A. This is permitted. Q. s it true that cement was used in the early buildings in Mexico? Who bufli these buried cities and temples?— A. Cement was not used in early buildings in Mexico, but the building materials of Mexico included a score or more of different kinds of excellent stone, all workable and much of it hand- some: marble of a dozen different va- rieties, and onyx as beautiful as any in the world. That the native civilization in Mexico had already reached a high degree of culture is shown by the exist- ing ruins of the past and highly ornate edifices erected before the Spaniards set foot in America. The Totonaca were a cultured race at the time of the con- quest, of Mexico and it was among them Cortez established the nrst Spanish gov- ernment and colony on the mainland of the American continent. The Tarasco, forming one of the important racial di- visions of Mexico, were a highly cul- | tured people and in the time of the Aztec empire they maintained a separate and independent. government. The Mayas were the most highly civilized of all the | native residents of America. Q. How many people in the United States have pipe organs installed in their homes?—H. J. A. Only a vague estimate can be given. There are probably between 500 ’ar\fl 1.000 in private homes. Q. How many rural schools are there in the United States>—N. D. A. The term rural schools is now ob- solete. The approximate number of schools in communities having a popu- Jation less than 2.500 is 160.000 one- teacher schools and 17,000 consolidated | schools. . What i the correct spelling of the plural of bus>—A. M. S A. Both buses and busses are given in dictionaries. Q. Who is representing the Philip- pines in the tariff discussions>—G. E. B. A Rafael Alunan is at the head of the Philippine commission, represent- ing the Philippine governmenl? ‘which came to Washington purposely to rep- resent the Philippine side of the tariff | question. Q. In how many States bears found’—S. 7. bt A. There are only nine States in which the grizzlies are found. They a; Arizona, which has 10; Colorade, 1 Idaho, 127; Montana, 490; New Mexico, 16. Oregon, 1; Utah, 6, Wash- {ington, 100, and Wyoming. 1.626. | Alaska has about 2,500 - grizzly and | brown bears. These have been counted | together, s0 it cannot be said how many of them are grizzlies. Q. Please give some information abouNt the next Wrigley marathon — | _A. The fourth Wrigley marathor {will be held on Lake Ontario over an | oblong _course immediately in front of the Canadian National Exhibition grounds. over a distance of approxi- imately 15 miles for men and 10 miles [for women. Places may be secured from the Canadian National Exhibition, Lumsden Building, Toronto 2, Canada. | There is no tide in the Great Lakes, but sometimes quite large waves. The prizes will be as follows: Women's 10- mile event—$10,000 to the winner. $3.- 000 for second place, $1,000 for third place. 8600 for fourth place, §400 for fifth place. Men's 15-mile open: event— $25.000 to the winner, $5,000 for sec. ond place, $2,000 for third place, $1.500 for fourth place, $1.000 for fifth place, $500 for sixth place. The women's event will take place on August 23 and | the men’s on August 28. Q. How many children are there in :‘re% sswne'.! family besides Dorothy>— ‘A Fred Stone, the comedian. has three daughtert-Dorothy. adls Beron and Carol Montgomerv. Dorothy i the eldest. it Q. If a plane has flown one-half hour longer than the establiched record doesn't it hold the new record?—T.. F. _A. A plane has to better an estab- lished record by one hour in erder to make & new record. Also, a plane at- Lerglp;mg n; make an endurance ree- | has to land at the same r | which it tock off. B | 5 Q. What is 2 mesa’>~W. V. & A A mesa is a tableland or piateau with an abrupt or steeplv sloping side 0r sides, often bordering a valley. Mesas common in the Southwestern of the United State: o Q. What can be done to popeorn which has become too p? "A)- 51 - dry to pop? . It may be put in a paper sack and placed somewhere that ‘;tp:'lll ab- sorb a little moisture. Usually putting it on a sheitered porch and leaving it there during a rain will put it in con- dition to pop. Q. What is the reason that the Vol- stead act does mnot apply to the Phil- ippines?’—A. W. A. The Bureau of Prohibition savs that “the eighteenth amendment to the Federal Constitution applies to the Philippine Islands. Section 5 of the act, of August 29, 1916, provides that ‘the statutorv laws of the United States| hereinafter enacted shall not apply to the Philippine Islands. except when| they specificallv so provide. or it i8 so| provided in this act’ Inasmuch as neither the national prohibition act of] October 28. 1919, or any subsequent act, makes specific mention of the Philip- pine Islands, the national prohibition act and subsequent prohibition le; lation are not. applicable thereto Pulllic AMacks Submarine As Menace in Peace and War “One wmight with ‘hat the naval An outery against the tragedies fol- wers would agree to its eliminatior lowing the oily wake of the submarine is echoed by a large section of public, but that is bevond hope at this time.” opinion which demands proscription of | savs the Harrisburg Telegraph. While this sinister weapon, called as deadly | the New Orleans Morning Tribune be- in peace as in war. The recent British | lieves that “it is very improbable that | disaster so closely paralleling the loss|they will ever be banned,” though it of the S-51 is enough, some writers feel, | feels that “the toll mav be reduced, but to banish the undersca boat from all | can never be eliminated as long as sub- civilized navies. Others, reconciling | marines are used in deep waters.” The themselves to the necessity of this type | Salina Journal advises that “it doesn't| | soundly answered,” .| marine all Our idea of a tough job is to be a | Depa: of ship, look hopefully to new safety devices which will make its use less perilous to its occupants. “Why the submarine at all? The question has been begged in numersus | disarmament _discussions, says the Journal, with the conclusion: “If the submarine is to continue existence, 2s seems inevitable until a new plane is 1 attained in international diplomacy. cer- tainly every effort should be applied to increase safety measures in its opera- tion. It has no right to exist at all if it cannot. show service-rendered to hu- manity comparable to the tremendous debt incurred. The ledger should be made to show some sort of balance, or the submarine’s account lined off.” “It can never be made safe,” declares the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. "It can remain only what it is—a death trap and an assassin. Its record in the World | ‘War was that of the coward who strikes in the dark while refusing battle. Tt | was the submarine that put the United States into the war against the Central powers. It is a despicable weapon. the horror of seamen. It is unworthy of civilization and should be abolished. If the world cannot get rid of it in the| dual reign of two such sensible moderns as Messrs. Hoover and MacDonald, civ- ilization will have missed a great op- portunity.” * ok ok * “At the next disarmament econfer- ence.” according to the Ann Arbor Daily News, “it. will be strange if the undersea fighting craft does not become a topic of most earnest discussion, not merely in terms of limitation, but in terms of abolishment. America, Italy and Britain—yes, and Germany—have good reason to look upon such vessels as liabilities rather than assets. The world would be better off without them, in e and in war.” “All the stronger naval powers— France, Great Britain, Italy, Japan and the United States,” it is pointed out by the San Antonio Express, “have suffered from these disasters. It is time they consider scrapping the subma- rines.” That paper also remarks that “the United States’ offer to abolish the craft if all other nations will do like- wise, again is receiving attention in Great Britain,” and that “it is halting the development of such craft by drop- ping six submarines from the current program.” Looking forward to the development that “elimination of the submarine is likely to loom large at the next naval conference, with England and America this subject—Comdr. Kenworthy—a campaign has started in .the British press for the abandonment. of the sub- together. The argument is advanced that, whereas science and in- vention have lessened the casualties in aviation and other branches. of the War rtment, the toll of submarines has edvanced with the years.” “Its complete outlawry” in the opinion of the Flint Daily Journal, “could be accomplished without disturb- ing the balance of naval power which. in the minds of naval experts, seems s0 essential. Great Britain and the United States are compelled ‘to- retain this form of warfare because certain (‘)‘tm powers will not .agree to abandon ds 20" hk:tulu!o‘hl' "t “’I! d gh to ol 3 n to induce the poyers abolish the craft. it will have mm. plished a great thing for humanity.” but. never | Atlanta | | help a particle to announce that inven- | tions and devices have been found to | prevent such tragedies in the future if) | the future brings the same old tragedi | with the same dismal results."” Expressing surprise that no effectivel advancement has been made in safetv] measures, the Birmingham News as-| serts: “There should be no lack of pow- erful vessels, specially designed for this sort of emergency. waiting in America: harbors constantly—vessels with firre. sistible lifting power. equipped with ex. traordinary diving apparatus for grap- { pling lost ships and bringing them f; | the surface, regardless of cost. What |1s clear ix that no scaman who goe ! down in submarines can be guaranteed | against. tragedy. But it would be ai | admission of engineering ineptitude t ys that boats that can be reached grappling irons cannot be raised “A peculiarly pathetic feature of somd of these sea tragedies.” says the Sal Lake Dessert Ne is that. althougl signals have ireen for a time exchanged between the hapless crew imprisoned i their sunken ship on the floor of thi ocean and their would-be rescuers o the surface, succor has not been abl to reach them in time to save theif lives. However, recent experiments and wonderful daring on the part of Uniteq States submarine experts and deep-se: | divers have resulted in the perfectio of devices by which it is believed thes terrible tragedies may be minimized. { not averted. so far at least as pertain | to the rescue of the unfortunate crew. “If men are stiil to go down to thi {sea in submarines—and presumabl | they are, in spile of temporarv ouf | bursts of public protest.” suggests th Providence Bulletin, “such fests a those being successfully made nea | Block Island offer the only hope for in | creased safety after submarine disas | ters.” The Bulletin also explains: “Na | val experts are confident that the nes sea hatch and ‘air lung,’ together witH the new lifting devices. or ‘eyes.’ tha are being built on all American nnder sea boats, will make disasters far les tragic. | rge World-Wide Unity In Aviation Regulation: | #rom the Columbus Evening Dispatch. If air travel and transportation is be developed on lines of maximum con| | verience and profit, a substantial unj formity in legal regulations the worl | over should be an object of earnest en| | deavor from the very start. All ar] | aware of the constant inconvenienc | and annovances arising from conflictin| Automiobile regulations in the separa! States, of the Union, and as air traff erossing national lines gains in vol and economic importance, it is desirab) to avoid a similar confusion in the us of the air. Europe, naturaily, has felt this neef more seriously than the United Stat |and an international aeronautics co! | ference will meet in Warsaw on the 10t} of October for the primary Durpose d | promoting wnity in zir trafic regul | tions through international agreemen| -Delegates from virtually all the civiliz countries of the world are expected ] be present. The conference will ha no power to t-a -code; -of course but if the delegates can agree on a prq ‘which shall commend itself to telligence of competent aviation en neers and experisnced flyers, their rq port is sure to have great influence wit| their home governments in the directio of uniformity, even if not adopted i 1ts entirety, |