Evening Star Newspaper, July 21, 1929, Page 52

AVIATION BY JOSEPH S. EDGERTON. LL air trails will lead to Cleveland next month. The 1929 national air races, to be held there from August 24 to September 2, promise to establish precedents. Preliminary registrations have led the com- mittee in charge to predict that nearly 1,000 civil and military air- | craft will visit Cleveland during | the 10 days of the country’s out- standing =~ annual aercnautical classic. | The races are to include nine air derbies from various parts of the Nation to the Cleveland air- port, including ‘the first long | cross-country race for woman flyers. There will be 23 closed course events and fpur special| feature contests. Prizes totaling| $100,000 are to be the incentive to | achievements worthy of a place in the aeronautical record books. For the first time in the history of American aeronautics gliders, or motorless airplanes, will be flewn in competition for distance, duration and accuracy of landing to a mark. There will be eight glider contests and, as the art of glider flying is just beginning to take hold in this country, it is| almost certain that records wl]l! be established. Many famous man and woman pilots are to try their skill in the glider events. Endurance Records Sought. Endurance flights are scheduled as a part of the program and dur- | mile free-for-all race. Army pilots THE SUNDAY will figure in the next two events, ' which will be a 120-mile race for attack planes for the Gen. Mason M. Patrick Trophy and a race over the same course for pursuit planes for the John P. Mitchell trophy. The cld war-time OX5 mctor will constitute the power plants of planes to be entered in the eighth race, for civilian pilots only. Another race for civilian rflots, flying behind 275 to 510 nch motors, will follow. An efficiency race from Clcve- |1and to Buffalo, N. Y., for all types of planes will be held, all ships being required to carry the gross loads stated in their Department | of Commerce approved type certi- ficates. Man and woman pilots will be eligible for entry in the contest for the world’s endurance solo record, listed as the eleventh event on the profram Prizes, important commercial offers, and awards for | each hour above the existing| record are expected to attract a | number of contestants. And Yet More Races. There will be a relay race for| civilian pilots flying OX5 motored planes in teams of five ships each, | followed by a 720-inch piston dis- placement’ class race for civilian pilots over a 50-mile course. The famous World War Liberty | engine will come into its own| This Hamilton all-metal monoplane type heliconter by installa the nose. The wing propellers are driven rising and landing at a very steep angle. tion of horizontal 18-foot propellers under each wing in addition to the regular propeller in| STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €, JULY: 21, has been converted by Jesse C. Johnson of Deiray, Fla., into an experimental | nd are expected to aid the plane in by shafting from a motor in the fuselage a —Underwood & Underwood Photo. pllots to Cleveland to participate in the races. Should they appear, they prob- ably will fly in competition with the finest Army, Navy and Marine Corps pilots in the United States. Approximately 2,500 flyers will par- ticipate in race from Cleveland to Buffalo August 31. They will be homing pigeons and the race will be conducted under ‘the auspices of the American Racing Pigeon Union, of which Capt. D. C. Buscall of this city is president. Cleveland is spending $450,000 to get its huge 1,000-acre airport in condition for the races. A grand stand for 30,000 the field for a quarter of a mile. The construction program also includes a| Mount Olive, a Mississippi village. race administration building, | +central Rural Blacksmith Sz‘wes Aviator Delay By Repairing His Damaged Airplane PENSACOLA, Fla. (#).—The day has | fence on one side and nosed over. Prof- | ing by the experience of Pilot John | spectators is being constructed, fronting | | come when experienced aviators are |t able’ to land their planes, repair dam- | age occasioned by forced landing and | take off again. |8 Two Marine aviators put their train- | lo: \ One aviator noticed that the ofl | forced landing in a muddy fleld near Dunn, and he straightened the propeller. Pilot James Slade made a safe | nding. | Mtles from a repair shop, with the | hip flat on its back, part of the tail | st and with a bent propeller, it was | ing to good use recently when a plane a case either of repairing the plane on | paye perfected the a: carrying one of the fiyers made & the spot or having it crated and shipped. The village blacksmith was cllleg‘ again in the fourteenth event—a | contest technical station, headquarters pressure in his engine was decreasing | needle and thread were borrowed from | STORMY WEATHER HELP 70 SOARING Motorless Plane Experts Reach High Altitudes With Aid of Wind. By the Associated Press. DETROIT, July 20.—Unlike airplanes, which seek clear skies for their most favorable flights, gliders, or motorless soaring machines, prefer stormy weather, P “The stormier the weather the greater the pilot’s chances of reaching high altitudes,” Dr. Wolfgang Klam- perer, famous German gliding expert, says. “Gliders often climb 1,000 feet above the peak of a mountain under adverse weather conditions and perform well in gales as high as 45 miles an/| hour, Calm Forces Idle. “Only a dead calm keeps them on the ground in idle waiting,” Dr. Klemperer says. He is in the United States to teach American youths how to fly in motorless machines, and will address the National Glider Association here at its April meeting. Soaring flight with -motorless ma- chines depends upon rising currents of air. If the vertical velocity of a current of alr is greater than the maximum rate of descent of the motorless machine, the pilot may gain altitude. Many have learned that air rises near the peaks of hills or mountain tops, and | not a few of Germany's expert gliders of flying from | mountain to mountain by storing up | | energy in favorable vertical currents and | using it to reach another favorable area. Cloud-to-Cloud Goal. | THIRD ENGINE IS AT)DED are visible indicators of rising saturated alr. To glide from cloud to cloud is the maximum goal soaring flight plo- neers set out to attain. Glider pilots have been carried by the cloud’s upwash as high as 4,000 feet and traveled 40 miles on such cloud-to- | cloud flights. | ‘These are all feats for the advanced | soaring pilot, Dr. Klemperer points out. The beginner must be content with flights of seconds or minutes duration until he masters the art of controlling his frail craft in the air without a motor —a more ticklish feat, according to some pilots, than flying an airplane. e ON NAVY FLYING BOAT| | Result of Tests of Big Craft Are Guarded as Military Becrets. Mounting of a third engine on the | glant Navy-Consolidated experimental | flying boat XPY-1 has been completed | at the Anacostia Naval Air Station and the big plane probably will be ready for | tests this week with the increased power | rating. - The big boat, said to be the largest flying boat in the United States, has undergone exhaustive tests during the ! past two or three months as a twin- | motored plane. Many of the tests, it is understood, were passed with flying col- | ors, though the results are guarded as | military secrets. The third engine is mounted on a| trestle above the center section of the | wing. 1t, like the other two, is a Pratt & Whitney Wasp, rated at 425 horse- | | | CAMERA CONTRACTS AWARDED BY ARMY Fairchild Corporation Will Furnish Fighting Planes With Gunlike Equipment. ’ Contracts for a number of “machine- gun cameras” for use on Army Air Corps fighting planes as a means of training pilots and gunners in the use of their guns against enemy planes have been awarded by the War Depariment | to the Fairchild Aerial Camera Corpo- ration. In outward appearance, shape and weight, the cameras will be duplicates of the guns with which the Army plenes are equipped. They will be mounted on the machine-gun mounting rings &o that the cameras may be aimed and operated in the same manner as the guns they replace. Instead of firing bullets when the trigger is pressed, however, the camera takes a small picture showing where the bullet would have struck. On each picture the exact time of exposure is recorded automatically, eabling cam- era-gun combatants 1o seitie disputes as to which “shot” took effect first. Through the use of the camera guns pilots and gunners will be able to go through the maneuvers of actual war- fare, determining afterward the pre- cise effect of their “fire.” i = Flying Hazards to Be Cut. Hazards to fiyers landing snd inking power. Navy test pilots believe the per- ‘ormance of the big ship, which is under | auguct 24 o September 2. will be re- test as a Navy patrol boat, will be im- | quced to the minimum. All tele e l . phone proved materially by the increase of |lines, water and electric channels are power. | being 1aid underground R v OFFICIAL AUTO-LITE SERVICE GENUINE PARTS off at the Cleveland national air races, Army Buys 1,140 Parachutes. Contract for the delivery of 1,140 parachutes has been awarded by the| Army Air Corps to the Irving Airchute | Co. 120-mile race for miljtary two- | buildings for the Army, Navy and Na- | place planes powered with Liberty | tional Guard units and Red Cross sta- engines. An average speed °“§:'3:T§imr'f?'x.;'v‘“’3§ por:l‘m :I’ nu,- e);- t1 'S e en 7.0 or level- g;‘&:‘;:mg 90 miles per hour will | f;g e ading, surtacing and drainage of | the landing field and for construction An Efficiency contest for light of permnnfm airport buildings and in- rapidly. Knowing it meant an eventual | the village harness maker to sew up | _ | forccd 1anding and a possibly ruined |torn fabric. Village strong men turned | Dr. Klemperer says that while avia- | the largest single orders ever placed for engine if he continued, he picked out | the plane right side up. Old iron pipe | tors generally shun fiying in clouds, the | parachutes, and provides that dellverus! |a field and came down. The landing | was found to brace the damaged struts | plucky soaring exPert has learned to use | shall be made during the next six| | spot was small and the plane struck a 'and to take the place of the tail skag. them to advantage. He knows that they months. ing the races airplanes will circle | The order is believed to be one o(‘ cverhead continuously in efforts | to break the existing refueling en- durance record of more than 10| days and the non-refueling solo| endurance record. There also will | CREEL BROS. 1811 14th St. NW. Potomac 473 be an air-line distance flight made | in an attempt to establish a new world record for non-stop long-| distance flying. Ccncurrently with the races an aeronautical ecxposition will be| held in the Cleveland public audi- | torium. The races and exposition | are sponsored by the National| Aeronautic Association and the Aeronautical Chamber of Com- merce. The aerial contests are to] be sanctioned by the National | Aeronautic Association and held under the rules of the Federation Aeronautique Internationale so that any records which may be | established may receive official | recognition. The glider contests | will be held under the rules of the | National Glider Association. | Five days before the opening of the races an Ohio air tour will be | made by 25 airplanes representing the various industries and cham- bers of commerce. The fleet will stop at all the principal Ohio cities and fly over many others. Inspection of ground signs and roof markers directing visiting flyers to the Cleveland airport will ‘be one of the purposes of the tour. | Woman Pilots to Race. Perhaps more general interest| has been manifested in the pro- posed women's derby from Clover Field, Santa Mcnica, Calif., to Cleveland than any other single event in connection with the races. More than 20 entries have been received to date for this race, according to Floyd Logan, chair- man of the air race committee. Among the noted woman pilots who will participate are Lady| Mary Heath, Bobby Trout, 18- year-old Los Angeles endurance | flver: Mrs. Marvel Crossen of California, and Mrs. Dewey Noyes | of Cleveland. The rules provide that no men | may be carried in the planes, de- spite the pleas of some of the en- trants that they be permitted to carry mechanics. The rules specify that at least a three days’ supply of food and one gallon of water shall be carried for each occupant of the plane. This is in anticipa- tion of a possible forced landing in the desert and mountain country over which part of the| flight must be made. | The woman pilots are to take | off frcm Clover Field at 4 p.m,, | Sunday, August 18, proceeding over a course with 15 control stops so as to arrive at Cleveland at about 2 p.m. Monday. August 26. Prizes totaling $8,000, in ad- | dition to lap money, have been | offered. The course has been laid | out by way of San Bernardino, Calif.; Yuma, Phoenix and Tuscon, | Ariz,; El_Paso, Pecos, Midland, | Abilene, Fort Worth and Dallas, Tex.; Oklahoma City and Tulsa, Okla.; Wichita and Kansas City., Kans.; St. Louis, Terre Haute, In- dianapolis and Columbus. The! flight will be across 10 States, with | | stops in eight. Nine Air Derby Races. Other derby races to be flown | in connection with the classic| have been announced as follows: | Light airplane derby around Ohio, August 25 and 26; Miami, Fla., to{ Cleveland, August 24 to August| 27; Philadelphia to Cleveland, for | cabin planes only, August 27 andi 28; Portland, Oreg., to Cleveland, | airplanes will be followed by a parachute-jumping contest for military and civilian entrants, the jumpers being rated for accuracy in landing to a mark from a height of not less than 1,500 feet. The succeeding events will.be a race for 800-cubic-inch motored planes flown by civilians, an air |scnages in American aeronautics will transport and efficiency contest. a civilian cabin-ship race, a race for multimotored planes carrying pay loads of 1.000 service pilots’ planes. | stallation of equipment. | Notables to Attend. President Hoover. has received a num- ber of official invitations to attend the races, one of them contained in an air mail letter signed by 100,000 Cleveland school children. | Practically all of the famous per- | | attend the races or participate in the | various events. | clude Martin Jensen, former solo en- unds and a Navy | durance flyer; Art Goebel, Dole flight race in pursuit | winner; Capt. George W. Haldeman, holder of the Canada-to-Cuba record Entrants in the non- | stop Pacific Coast-to-Cleveland race in- ‘The Pontiac Big Six at 745 is enjoying record-breaking success because among it represents the greatest dollar value ever offered low-priced sixes. Because of basic superiorities in design and construction, it provides big car style, perform= ance, comfort and safety at small car prices. For this reason alone it But, in clearly deserves the tremendous popularity it enjoys. addition, it offers economy of operation equaled in no car comparable to Pontiac in price. According to figures com= There is to be an “Australian and pilot of the plane American Girl | pursuit race,” open to all types| of planes on a handicap schedule | worked out so that all planes should finish at the same time. This will be followed by a race for National Guard Liberty-motored planes. Distance Record Trial. ‘The proposed air-line _distance non-stop and non-refueling con- test to establish a new world’s rec- ord for long-distance flight, ex- ceeding the present record of ap- Rroxlmately 4,500 miles, will be lown as the twenty-fourth event. The flight is to end at the Cleve- land airport. Any type airplane powered with any size motor or motors may be entered. This will be followed by a con- test . to establish a new world’s endurance record by refueling in flight. The contestants are to fly within sight of the Cleveland air- port, except in case of bad weath- er, and it is expected that con- testants will be in the air during the entire period of the races. The next events in order are to be a free-for-all race for any type of plane equipped with any kind of motor or motors and using superchargers, special fuels or any other means to increase their speed: a dead-stick landing con- test for men, a ladies’ race for planes powered with motors of from 510 to 800 cubic-inch capacity, a dead-stick land- ing contest for woman pilots, two Aus- tralian - pursuit races for women, an- other Australian race for men, balloon- bursting contests, a civilian acrobatic exhibition and a speed and efficiency contést for the Aviation Town and c;;umry Club trophy, open to cabin type planes. Races for Dirigibles. Plans are being made for dirigible race ever seen in this Five small dirigibles are expected to participate in this race and other events during the 10-day period of the show. ‘The Army and Navy also will be asked to_enter blimps in the race. In tribute to the memory of the late Ambassador Myron T. Herrick the French government has been invited to send a formation of its crack military the first country. Col. William Thaw, commandant of the | on its transatlantic flight attempt, and | | afayette Escadrille during the World | | War. Jensen is having a plane with | retractable landing gear built fér the ;ac“er. Goebel also is having a plane uilt. | Frank M. Hawks, holder of the trans- continental round-trip record of 36 hours; “Speed” Holman, Earl Rowland of Wichita, Lee Schoenhair, “Freddie” Lund and other pilots known wherever men fly are expected to participate in |- the races and aerial contests. On the sidelines will be such aviation notables as “Casey” Jones, Eric Nelson, Leigh Wade and Lowell 8mith of the Army round-the-world flight, Capt. “Eddie” Rickenbacker and Reed G. Landis, first and secand reanking Ameri- can aces in the World War; Eddje Stin- son and Bill Brock, Reggie Robbins and | Jim Kelly, the Texans who broke the refueling endurance record of the | Question Mark and started an epidemic | of endurance flying, and arance | Chamberlin. Col. Charles.A. Lindbergh ‘g:ob:‘bly will be there with Mrs, Lind- | bergh. | The aeronautical manufacturing world" probably will be represented by Anthony H. G. Fokker, Charles Lawrence, de- | signer of the Wright whirlwind engine | which has figured in so many record fights; Fred B. Rentschler, president | of the Aeronautical Chamber of Com- | merce; Willlam' Stout, designer of the | Ford tri-motored plane; Glenn L. Mar- [ tin of Baltimore, Don Alexander and | William E. Boeing. P | | “The great transport and financial interests which are sending Ameircan | | commercial _airplane mileage ~beyond | the figures which have long given Eu- | rope its boasted vantage, will be repre- | sented by Clement M. Keys, Harris M. | nshue, Boeing, Col. Paul Handerson | and others. | | From the National Capital will prob- | ably go the leaders of civil and military aviation, among them William P. Mac- | Cracken, jr. Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Aeronautics; Maj. Clar- | ence Young, director of aeronautics of the Department of Commerce; David 8. Ingalls, Assistant Secretary of the | Navy for Aeronautics; F. Trubee Davi- | son, who holds the same post in the | War Department; Maj. Gen. James E. | Fechet, chief of the Army Air Corps, |and Brig. Gen. Benjamin D. Foulois, | one of his three brigadiers and leaders | of the Navy Bureau of Aeronautics. 7z ChrisCraft 23 yeay boert | piled by a great public utilities company operating 996 auto mobiles of 33 different makes during 1928, Pontiac costs one cent per mile less to operate than any other low-priced six. ro The Pontiac Big Six was originally intro- duced with both the Five-passenger Two- door Sedan and tl year’s most popul Big Car Features Combined in Neo Other Car at or Near Pontiae’s Priece Big Car Speed. and Acceleration . " Greater speed, faster acceleration, higher power than you can expect in any other six equally low- priced. Because of greater engine size . . . 200 cubic inches displacement. its 1Y-inch ecarburetor with an accelerating pump . pump instead of a vacuum system advanced design intake manifold. f. o. b. Pontiac, Mich. And despite the fact that it is now offered in a variety of the You probably drive your car an average of 10,000 miles per year. And so, when you are comparing Pontiac with any other six at o r near its price—remember that its big car qualities will cost you $100 less the first year alone—which is just like saving $100 when you buy! PRODUCT DF GENERAL MOTORS he Coupe listed at $745, ar.colors . . . despite the . in prices. , Power BigCar Safety . . . . Big Car Comfort Two completely independent braking systems. Silent, dirt- and-weather-proof internal- expanding service brakes. Sepa- rate emergency brake acting on the transmission. Big Car Style Specially designed bodies by Fisher . . . a wide choice of popu=~ lar colors at no extra cost . . . dis- tinctive radiator design . . . smartly modeled hood . . . flaring big car fenders, 70 inches wide . . . seats . . . wide doors . acting ge springs . . . spring covers f Pontiac’s inate spring squeaks and Because of slight extra cost. e o o o + « gasoline controlled headlig] ventilating windshield. TIAC fact that it is the only car in the world com- bining big car qualities with small car cost + + « despite the fact that it is recognized everywhere as America’s biggest motor car value . . . it continues to sell at no increase Roomy interiors . . . wide, deep teering wheel, clutch and ift lever . . . full-length Big Car Convenience . . Adjustable driver's seat. matictemperature control. Cross- BIG SIX G/ J.0.b. Pontiac, Michigan Five-Passenger 2-Door Sedan Body by Fisher Pontlac Big Six, $745 to $295, . Pontiae, Mich., delivery charges. Bumpers, spring co nd Lovejoy shock absorbers regular equipment stslight estra cost. General Motors Time Paymens Plan availableat minimum rate.’ Conslder the delivered price as well as the list price when comparing ues - . . Oakland~ Pontlac delivered o only ressonable charges for handli ncing when the Time Payment Plan is used. . o easy to elim- Lovejoy Hydraulic Shock Absorbers at As Economical to buy as it is to operate! Figures quoted above reveal how inexpensively the Pontiac can be owned and operated.” We ean show 'TEP into a Chris-Craft, and touch the starter. Instantly the powerful motor responds, and you're off at any pace you choose for a day of purest pleasure on the water—dry, safe, and comfortable at all times. ' for open cockpit and mail type|| planes, leaving Portland Augusti§ 23 and arriving at Cleveland || August 27; Oakland, Calif., to Cleveland, for any type plane|| powered with motors totlllnsi more than 800 cubic-inch dis- .| placement, no date set; .Cana-| dian derby, open only to Cana dian pilots, details not completed; a non-stop derby from the Pacific Coast to_Cleveland, details not completed, and a “rim of Ohio” derby for planes with motors of more than 800 cubic inch ca- pacity. 3 The cloced course events will | open with a race ovér a 50-mile course for woman pilots only, fly- ing planes powered with a motor. of not more than 510 cubic inch piston displacement. - A race for || civilian pilots flying planes power- || ed with motors of 100 cubic inch capacity or less, all in the-light plane class, will follow over a 100- mile course. The third event, which prom- ises to be of unusual interest, will be a demonstration of experi- mental type airplanes, eacl which must inc rate some structural feature constituting a substantial departure from the conventional. Some weird jobs. several of which undoubtedly will be able to complete the prescribed 50-mile course, have been entered. Army and Marine Races. Marine Cor fightin, ilots. flying aervicem:ulci ph{xu? will race over :nltw-mm euurnb:l‘t.ae event. = ww dfll?filfl"% -5 80~ that it can be just as economically purchased. For we are prepared to offer a generous price for your present car. And this price may more than cover the down payment on the new car. Easy monthly terms for the remainder. Come in to inspect the Pontiac Big Six and to learn how easily you can own one. And bring your present car for our LIBERAL APPRAISAL flow radiator to eliminate losse: of water and alcohol. Coinci- dental lock—remove the key and lock ignition and transmission. Big Car Reliability Assured by the full pressure oiling system . . . the crankcase ven- tilating system which keeps water out of the engine oil . .". the cross- flow radidtor which minimizes water and #lcohol losses . . . and other features contributing to dependability. & L. P. STEUART, Inc. * SERVICE STATION 1119 to 1127 21st St. N.-W. THERE’S A RELIABLE OAKLAND-PONTIAC DEALER NEAR YOU PADGETT-JOYCE MOTOR CO. H. R. KING MOTOR CO. 654 Pennsylvania Ave, S.E. . 514 H St. N.E. . BORDEN MOTOR CO. TEMPLE MOTOR CO. Bethesda, Md. " Alexardria, Va. : 'VIRGINIA Manassas, Va. Culpeper, Va. | Pence Motor Company Garrett Motor Company Q ico, Va. s Auto Service, Inc. Remington, Va. Martin Motor Co. chrome-plating on all bright metal parts. Big Car Luxury Interiors of closed cars uphol- ;!ered Inulurm:inhu- ne quality and appe: n m»d‘:l. upholstered in Spa: pl:h ain leather. Interior fitmle\nu y Ternstedt. Dome lights, roller shades, robe rails, foot rails, ete., in those body types in which they are appropriate. Big Car Smoothness and Silence Obtained by means of the Har- monic Balancer which eliminates torsional crankshaft vibration. .. a sturdy, short-stroke, counter- weighted crankshaft . . . airplane type interchangeable bronze- backed. main bearings . . . full pressure oiling to all n and connecting rod bearings. e o o o o o o It takes immense resources, fine plants and equip- . ment, constructive genius, and the ability to do the job right, to build a motorboat like Chris-Craft—one that you ean:drive for 25 years. We have for immediate delivery two Chris-Craft boats—one a 32 mile sedan, priced delivered at $3,500.00 —also a 26-ft runabout complete with top, powered with a 200 H. P. Kermath ‘motor, with guaranteed speed of 44 miles per hour—this is the fastest boat in Washing- ton. Let us show you. Remember—when you buy a Chris-Craft boat—you, | get the same service as you get when you buy the high: est priced automobile. We have our own club and serv- ice station where we store and take care of your boat. No more worrying where to keep it. ‘We are also the agents for the famous Elco cruisers. If you want a cruiser see our line before buying.. We have a 26-foot Elco cruiser for immediate delivery. - Other models up to 62 feet. { 2 L2y Come down to our service station at the foot of 9th. & Water Sts. S.W., any day and let us show you this complete line of Chris-Craft and Elco boats. ~ THE WASHINGTON MOTOR BOAT SALES AGENCY 9th & Water Sts. S.W. Phone Met., 743. Oakland Salesroom 3113 14th St. NW. Pontiac Salesroom 14th & R. 1. Ave. N.W. SHERIFF MOTOR CO. 627 K Street N.W. SERVICE MOTOR CO. Silver Spring, Md. J. L. JERMAN i 3342 M St. NwW. BAILEY MOTOR CO. Mt. Rainier, Md. : - "MARYLAND Berwyn, Md. Lanham, Md. 5 Gingell Motor Co. + Blythe Ga; - . + La Plata, M Central Garage Co. Le. dtown, Md. d. :::" ardtera Motsr Upper Marlboro, Mt Sachice Southern Md. Garage Annapolis, Md., Warner- Motor Ce. Prince Frederick, Md. Mot Damascus, Md. 5: ce Frederick or 7 . Gue Gaithersburg, Md. W. L. King, Inc. .