Evening Star Newspaper, July 7, 1929, Page 25

Part 2—8 Pages SCOPE OF CRIME BOARD NOT BOUND BY DRY LAW Events and Politicians Seeking Probe of | Prohibition Alone Declared to Have Little Chance of Success. BY JOHN MARRINAN. VENTS and some politicians are conspiring to stampede Pre: dent Hoover and his Commis- sion on Law Enforcement and Observance into the prohibition arena—with all its present violent Jprejudices. But political intriguers seem to have small chance of trans- forming the law commission into an extraordinary grand jury on booze. The |4, President’s program in this particular has been formulated with too much de- liberation to suffer radical readjust- ment through political pressures. there are other Federal agencies to deal with violence. There i widespread misconception ©of the President's purpose in creating the Commission on Law Enforcement and Observance. And this has assisted the opportunists whose present effort, s successful, would make a really com- prehensive project a ridiculously petty one. Our leading professional cynics have seen in it only a hastily conceived political gesture, an attempt by diver- sion to stem the rising tide of public dissatisfaction with conditions surround- ing the Volstead act, a device to pest- Lsnnr or evade direct issue on the pro- ibition question. A more liberal view, and one which 1s accurate in so far as it goes, represents the President as taking advantage of the present keen interest in the wet @nd dry question to effect certain re- forms in the general administration of Justice throughout the country. S Whatever may be the necessary lim- tations now or subsequently imposed on the work of the Law Commission through force of circumstance or lack of facility, the President nflfimuy had far more ambitious plans than elevat- ing the bar and the bench and intro- ducing a greater degree of certainty and promptitude into the administration of Justice. Solon, the great Athenian law- @iver, expressed some cynical doubts about the efficacy of laws some cen- turies ago. The law enforcement prob- lem is not especially new. As history counts time, laws are transient things. American Imponderables. President Hoover, when he first gave eerious thought to the questions which eventually led him to the creation of the Law Commission, was exploring far more deeply. He was considering what he was pleased to call the imponder- ables—those essentials of American life and character upon which not only our destiny but even our existence as a na- tion must inevitably depend. That we should have criminals and Tacketeers is regrettable, but not dis- astrous. That we should have too much mawkish_sentimentality for the crim- inal or flippant disregard for crime is quite a difierent misfortune, That criminals should escape punish- ment by reason of the obsolescence of court procedure is bad. But that peo- ple should hold our courts in contempt and lose confidence in justice is an ill of quite different degree. ‘When voters support the wrong pos litical ticket, we may have stupidity. ‘When they fail to vote at all, they de- fault in the primary obligation of cit- izenship. When our deliberative assemblies honestly grope and stumble and blun- der, it is one of the prices we pay for democracy. But when our Legisla- tures become babels of skillful mis- representation and demagogic sophis- try, our standards of representative government fall into disrepute. _When machinery works revolutionary displacements of handpower, it often causes much inconvenience and some distress. But when mechanized indus- try levels, and even consumes, the ‘workman, the profits bear a taint. When masters of finance speculate in the billions with other people's money, it only means that Barnum's sucker ratio is now obsolete. When they defy the governmental authority |} charged with their regulation. that is altogether another kettle of fish. Offends Public. ‘When men spend their personal mil- lions to get themselves elected, they may violate the statute and they of- fend our sense of public propriety. But ‘when they employ the power of public office to levy tribute they corrupt the foundations of government. When modern invention and skillful advertising introduce powerful material sncentives into our daily lives, we only gcamper around faster and subject the human_machine to greater wear and tear. But when uncontrolled ecredit makes s & nation of gamblers and debt-dodgers we mortgage the future | too heavily. | When college professors explain and | defend the flapper. they only surrender | to the inevitable. But when motion pic- tures dealing with the same theme glorify the gaudy superficialities of the professional they hold out deadly lures #o_the young. When our economic system induces the married woman to work for wages, our basic institution loses something. But when this condition is capitalized by social charlatans to preach com- panionate marriage we have then a re- portable disease. ‘When the products of science are turned to criminal uses, w ous misfortune. But when nce sur- renders to Mammon, then we have an awesome tyranny of greed. When newspapers are subservient to the passing fancy of a thrill-hungry public, we lose a measure of Yubllc lead- ership. But when the public gains a cynical suspicion of the integrity of a free press, we have lost one of the wital props of democracy. When a professional faddist amidst zome applause recommends an -aristo- cracy of culture, he forgets the brutal power of an ignorant mob. But when our educational system goes in for standardized mass production, we are on _the road to national mediocrity. These conditions—some partially de- weloped, others merely symptomatic warning signals—seem more important to the President than whether we drink Mquor or milk. The deal with the im- ponderables—those national virtues of Ruch essential character that they can- not be subjected to any test of weight or time. They deal with those traits of individual character which exalt such prosaicinstitutions as home, family, motherhood, industry, honesty, peace, and—on the show-down—induce us to fight for them with the uncompromis- ing valor of a Verdun. They are the vital components of national morale. Important Questions. Tt is unfos Sawyers, archaic cials, debateable sllly laws, dumb policemen, offi- e tyrants, drug store nee, ' Bet t fundamental “state e e greed and intol- d | ment. have griev- | part Among ourselves, just how lazy and cor- rupt and vain are we as a Nation? Why do we do so much business under the table rather than over it? How much of our politics springs from hypo- | critical personal selfishness and how much of it reflects civic unintelligence? The President is not so much con- cerned with our unsightly, but unimpor- tant skin rashes. He wants the facts about our organic diseases—Iif we have ny. All of which explains why the Presi- dent's commission is to devote itsei? to law observance as well as law enforce- ‘With the President this aspect assumes paramount importance. The questions ~ surrounding it comprise a vast fleld and one which has thus far been obscured through the constant pressure of sensational developments in connection with prohibition. The suc- cess of the commission in making some fundamental headway in pointing ways |in which more general observance of the law may be encouraged and realized will determine whether or not its work { will become noteworthy or merely an- other contribution to the already volum- inous records of our public allments. As food administrator during the war Mr. Hoover counseled against the em- ployment of governmental coercion af- fecting the personal and individual habits of our people. He was then— and he is now—fully alive to the diffi- culty of changing the personal habits of a population. He pressed to success- ful conclusion the one great war ex- periment in voluntary and co-operative effort involving a whole people. He did not resort to coercion nor did he rely upon exhortation. There was a vivid and effective campaign of educa- tion which reached every home and food-consuming institution in the coun- try. Of course, he was assisted greatly by the patriotic urge of a people under stress of war. President’s Exhortations. ‘The President is now exhorting the country to observe the law. He is giv- ing assurances that the limits of law will not be exceeded, but at the same time making plain that neither will law enforcement be stultified. When “‘fire- proof” construction bursts into flame, at the moment an extinguisher is more useful than a letter to the manufac- turer. Hence the President’s exhorta- tions. Mr. Hoover entertains no deep con- fidence in the technique of revivalism. For emergency repairs, yes. For fun- damental construction, not so good. He | believes far more profoundly in the power of education and public under- standing. During the war he possessed more food facts than any other living man. He used them to sustain his great co-operative enterprise in food | control. Incidentally he was the only war-time food controller who emerged intact and possessed his official skin. Now Mr. Hoover has charged the law commission with ascertaining crime facts, enforcement facts, observance facts. With these in hand the Presi- dent will rely eJn'lmlrfly upon exhorta- tion as & remedy for non-observance of the law; nor is he likely to advocate legislation making compulsory & moral awakening. Eventually we are likely to have a campaign of public education with attention to some factors which are ordinarily neglected. Let us consider the conspicuous sore spot. What may we expect from Presi- dent Hoover on prohibition? Primarily, we may be assured that he will take no steps calculated to undermine the eighteenth amendment to the Constitu~ tion he is sworn to “preserve, protect and defend.” Repeal or modification of the prohibition amendment falls within the legislative function. Mr. Hoover is not going to usurp this function b; - direction. Moreover, it has been fairly well established that it would require at east a generation to effect the constitu- tional change. In the administration of the Volstead act the President has direct responsi- bility. In this we may expect him to insist upon a kind and degree of en- forcement that will be firm but sane. Under the limitations skillfully imposed on the enforcement machinery by poli- ticians, he is tremendously handicapped. However, the human factor in enforce ment is likely to be improved as we pro- ceed and methods certainly will move away from the spectacular more in the direction of quiet accomplishment. De- liberate nullification is, of course, an absurdity. President’s Attitude. What do we know about the Presi- dent’s personal attitude toward prohi- bition? Pirst, neither the drys nor the wets have enrolled nor claimed him; he is unlikely to fraternize exclusively with either side. We know that he has lived a considerable part of his years out on the frontiers of civilization where life is to be observed in the raw. We may regard him as a man of strongly moral bent and possessed of convictions reached through cosmopolitan and many-phased contacts with life. Before prohibition he was acquainted with the taste of wine. Since, he has been a total abstainer. Mr. Hoover did not take ap active in the adoption of the m‘r‘memh ve ac- amendment, nor in its ad withdrawal of alcohol from consump- tion would mean a very considerable in- crease in the individual consumption of And at the time it was his job to conserve sugar. As Secretary of Commerce, it was Mr. Hoover's job to promote business. He obse; that contemporaneously with prohibition there were notable increases in home building and in savings de- sits; there was a tremendous general crease in the distribution of which pgeviously had been regarded luxuries; employment managers report- ed the eradication of hangover Monday and a reduction of industrial accidents on machinery. As official promotor of American industry and commerce, Mr. Hoover was bound to give recognition to these observations, He did so. It is the he was dealing as a promoter with only a-small segment of garded this as an artful straddle. more likely that it was a precise staf ‘ment of opinion. The - upshot of this record is that -minded on the 'EDITORIAL SECTION he Swnday Star. WASHINGTON, D. C, SUNDAY MORNING, JULY 7, 1929. - Lady of British Cabinet Margaret Bondfield, New Labor Minister, Still Considers Home-Making Woman’s Chief Vocation BY C. PATRICK THOMPSON. ERE, last but most unique, is our old friend, Margaret Bondfield. She is a double first—the first woman who has been admitted into the privy council—she is now the Right Honorable Margaret Bondfield —and the first woman to take & seat in the cabinet. Now, in the name of the whole country, I greet her to the cabi- net and wish her success.” Thus Ramsay MacDonald, Socialist premier of Great Britain, introduced the new Labor minister in a talking film made in the garden of No. 10 Downing street on the historic occa- sion of the first meeting of the new Labor government. As an introduction it could not be bettered; so I borrowed it entire. They call Margaret Grace Bondfield “Our Maggie”; and her story and per- sonality in themselves are one of the illuminating explanations of the rise of Labor in England in this century and its advent to power for the second time in this year of grace 1929 A. D. 13 MARGARET BONDFIELD. She is & woman of Somerset—where they breed men and women of strong, dour character, slow, patient and in- domitable—who started at 13 to teach boys in a state school. became a shop assistant at 14, went into trade union- ism when it was in its infancy and she was in her teens, and rose with the « tide of that movement until. at she finds herself the first woman to 1 cabinet rank in a British gov- -ument. People who meet her for the first iime are agreeably surprised to find this dark-haired, dark-eyed, broad-browed | little woman very pleasant and femi- | nine, not at all what they had supposed | from all they had heard about her rep- | utation for inflexibility and her prowess | as an aggressive fighter. She is not remarkable to look at; nor is she one of those magnetic women whose appearance in a room is in- stantly noticed. She is diminutive, able, quick tongued, enormously indus- trious, incredibly patient, tireless. mightily in earnest, with a touch of the “schoolmarm” about her still—and at times a dash of the Salvation Army. She has moments of excitement when she irresistibly suggests a mother bird defending a nestful of -young: and phases of austerity when she gives one Reviews of Books BY FRANK H. SIMONDS 8 time passes it becomes clearer and clearer that the proposal | to substitute the new yardstick | of “equivalent naval values” for the old standard of tonnage has opened new possibilities of chaos and controversy practically without limit. Nor is it less patent that while Gen. Dawes bowed the expert out, in his first London speech, the expert remains the master of the situation. As long as the British and ourselves were satisfled to accept tonnage as the measuring rod for cruisers, as for bat- | tleships, the task of arriving at parity was relatively simple. True it involved an agreement to build only the same | number of the same sizes of cruisers | —and here was and is the major diffi- | culty, for the British want most of | their cruisers small and we want all | of ours large. But %o far as measuring, | the thing was possible. | But now we are plunged into a sea | of confusing elements. Inevitably the | British are going to present their own table of values, and according to that table all the things they have will be | counted low and all that we have or are bullding will be chalked up to the skies. Our admirals are going to do exactly the same and they are going to add to the confusion by insisting | that British naval bases and passenger steamers, available in war, shall be added to the other elements. Two Yardsticks? Obviously no real progress will have been made when the British and American experts have produced not one but two yardsticks. But who is | to bring about a compromise? We | shall not take the British stick, mor will the British take ours. The mo- ment both are finished, the press will be filled with the protests from British and American experts, reinforced by the patriotic societies, that application of the standard of the opposite country would lead to naticnal defenselessness. The British standard will produce figures and facts to show that equality means, in fact, British supremacy, the American standard will just as cer- tainly amount to a system by which we shall have superiority. It is now proposed to let the League of Nations make a yardstick. But either the Brit- 1sh will be able to persuade Geneva to see things its way or the non-naval | powers will get together and produce | a standard, which will disarm both the | United States and Britain and be | equally unsatisfactory to both. Of course the truth is that no | equality is possible precisely as long as CHAOS AND CONTROVERSY SEEN IN NAVAL MEASURE Yardstick of “Equivalent Values” Held as Disturbing Force Between Britain and U. S. at Washington the plain statesmen had their chance. Mr. Hughes had the simple task of adjusting the strengths of two navies, one of which had pros- pective superiority in the battleship department, the other which had supremacy in the existing cruiser line. But the best he could do was to agree that the British keep their existing cruiser.supremacy.. Five-One Ratia. A few years later the American pup- lic became aware that in the matter of cruisers the ratio between the British and ourselves was not five-five, but more nearly five-one. Congress, the press, the country gradually became aroused and pressed for a naval expan- sion program. Mr. Hoover might con- ceivably agree to a new adjustment as advantageous to the British as Mr. Hughes', but sooner or later Congress and the public would become indignant and we should have another Anglo- American crisis. ‘The real difficulty in the parity affair grows out of the fact that we are try- ing to settle by figures what has always been settled hitherto by fighting. The fleet we insist upon—and will insist upon under any system of “equivalent naval values” will be superior to the British in the fighting line. And the fleet the British insist upon will be equal to ours in the fighting line and superior everywhere else. If the British were willing to build as many big cruisers as we need and | we were willing to build as many small | cruisers as they need, equality in theory | would result. But we refuse to waste | the money for the boats we do not need, { while the British will not put a limit on those they do need. While we are }both solemnly and sincerely talking about equality, the thing we actually demand is superiority. We can, at any time, take naval su- premacy, because our wealth puts us beyond the reach of British competi- tive building. But we do not want to spend the money, and thus base our case on the double argument of economy and of disarmament. But the British do not want to give up an actual su- | premacy, which they have held for cen- turies, save as they are forced to resign it in the face of the accomplished fact of our Jarger fleet actually in being. Unless there is a change in the rela- !flve expansion of national wealths the | British~ will have sooner or later to | recognize the fact that power has {from their hands to ours, the power of | the purse. When that time comes the | debate over equality will have termi- nated automatically, because it will be | patently in our hands to fix the size the fllusion of an abbess from the Old | the British desire one kind of boat and | of our own fleet beyond the point of ‘World who has been inadvertently pro- i (Continued on Fifth Page.) Washington Growing Fast Estimated Population of 564,000 Increases at Lively Rate—Several Reasons Assigned BY WILLIAM A. MILLEN, ASHINGTON is “stepping on the gas” from a population viewpoint. Despite the fact that Uncle S8am has not added ‘any great number of Government employes to his Washing- ton pay roll in the decade that has followed the World “7ar, the popula- tion of the National Capital, snowball- like, has ,been increasing at the estimated rate of 12,000 a year. The cause for this healthy growth of the District of Columbia is attributed to several factors by civic leaders and others. The increase of light manufacturing in the city. The post-war advance in representa- tives of trade associations that bring great numbers of people here. The absence of & strictly local in- heritance tax. The reflection in Washington of the added importance of the United States in world affairs. The advent of wealthy persons, at- tracted by “the Paris of the New World,” as a‘desirable residential city. The increased importance of Wash- ington 'as a social center. ‘he natural, normal increase of a growing community. Driving Forces Complex. With these factors, gathered from various sources, one is afforded a pic- ture of the complex forces that are driving Washington ahead. The Bureau of the Census of the Department of Commercé, which is now busily engaged in preparing to take the dfficial census of 1930, informs the information seeker that the 1920 census figure for the population of Wasl is 437,571, Since that year, according to the bureau's estimates, the city’s popula- tion growth has been spurting forward at the estimated rate of some 12,000 & rear. 2 ‘With the 1930 census in the offing, the Department of Commerce has omitted its customary July 1 estimate for the population figure of Washing- ton and other metropolitan centers. Officials consider it too risky to venture £n estimate at this time., It might be too far out of the way of the official 1930 census figure. The estimated population of Wash- ington as of July 1 this year should be in the vicinity of 564,000, based on previous estimates of the Department of Commerce. J Of course, the population of the sur- rounding territory is growing at an ap-.| preciable rate, too, as Montgomery and ce Georges Counties in Maryland and Arlington and Fairfax Gounties in Virginia are expal to eare for the overflow population of on. What of the future? While the National Capital Park and ing Commission has never announced for X s ing areas continue in effect these areas averaged from 2,000 toin time these areas, selected because 5,000 inhabitants per square mile.” ‘Taking up the various suburban communities, the commission found this population per square mile in 1920: Kensington, 1,860; Takoma Park, 2,735; Laurel, 2,799; Hyattsville, 2,936; Riverdale, 3,015; Capitol Heights, 3,850; fl;gy Chase, 4,220, and Mount Rainier, "“It may be assumed, therefore, that of their accessibility and natural ad- vantages, will have an average popula- tion of 3,000 per square mile,” the com- mission explained. “The areas fall naturally into six groups, and the area and probable pop- ulation of each is shown in the fol- lowing table: 1. From Potomac River to Rock Creek, 4.67 square miles, 14,100 population in 1950. 2. From Does Your Respect for Folks Grow Greater As You Go Along? BY BRUCE BARTON. HAVE made no change in the following letter except to er the writer's na Read it all the way through: “Two Winters ago my doctor [ broke the news to me that | was tubercular. One lung and both kidneys were affected. | had to give up my p put myself absolutely under the doctor’s care. engaged to be married his advice on this point, feeling that | could never give up the man | loved. My fiance felt the same way. He want than ever to be my helpmate and urged me not to obey the doctor in this one matter, “We consoled ourselves—a bit- —with ti we would have any children. had, they would inherit tuberculo: “Then, as | lay thinking, there came to me this thought: Sup- pose .that | should have a baby, after all, and that some day that child should be told, ‘You have tuberculesis.” Not for anything in _the world would | want a child of mine to go through that first terrible agony of des “The next day | told my fiance my decision. Oh, it was hard, ton. We seépara We not seen .each other since. | dare not trust the strength of my will too far. “Of course, | thought of death, the speedier the better. | con- t followed the structions to the letter—milk and i ;nd sunshine and year my lung was entirely curad. ‘The kidneys were better, but they could probably never be ‘entirely well. “Through the offices of a fri 1 obtained a hal-time posi in a hospital, which leaves my afternoons free for the rest that al treatment, and am but surely regaining “Best of all, | am cheerful; 1 am happy in my work, which largely among children. And | am full of plans for the future. “Some day, if God is willing, | am going to have a bungalow in the country—a bungalow that has a flower garden in front of it and a vegetable garden in back. And then | am going to adopt a baby. Not a 100 per cent better baby, but a little tubercular girl, Mr. Barton, and give her a fair chance in life, slowly health. still there, of course. t always will But if | had to go through again, | am not sure that | would not choo way.” What feelings are stirred up in you as you read that lstter? Merely a momentary i tion that a your time troubles? Or does it start you to think- ing how much of patience and fidelity and quiet heroism is hidden away under every com- monplace life? As you grow older, do you find yourself becoming less patient with your fellow 'men and women, more critical of their e in telling you her as only a higher form of animal, living a meaningl life, dying a cowardly death? Or do you marvel more and at the patience with which continue to hope for the best, o after a lifetime of pointments; the unshaken fid: that fixes their eyes on a heaven out of which has issued it mingled with ng? 1 have often thought that one measure of success is a ‘man’s increasing power to find cause for reverence in the lives of his fellow men, (Copyright, 1029.) Rock Creek to Sargent-Ri Toads, 8.58 square miles, 25.800.1‘.; From Sargent-Riggs roads to Pennsylvania Rallroad, 10.23 square miles, 30,600. 4. From Pennsylvania Railroad to Brandywine road, 3.85 square miles, 11,700. §. From Brandywine road to ‘inmn River, .96 square mile, 3.000. 6. Arlington County, 11.87 square miles, 35,700. This makes a total of lation of 119,900. “In 1916 1 40.16 were already fairly well settled. In 1926 7.4 additional square miles had received considerable settlement and the remaining 22.2 square miles are nowtln the process of intensive settle- ment.” U. S. Employes Fraction. A consideration of the figures for the number of Government employes in Washington will account but for a fraction of the increase in population in the National Capital and the sur- rounding territory. The war expan- sion and reduction since the armistice in the army of Government employes present an interesting picture. The Civil Service Commission thus tabu- lates the increase: June 30, 1916, 39,442 Government employes in the District of Columbia; November 11, 1918, 117,760; July 31, 1920, 90,559; July 31, 1921, 78865; June 30, 1922, 69,980; June 30, 1923, 66,290; June 30, 1924, 64,120: June 30, 1925, 63,756; June 30, 1926, 60,811: June 30, 1927, 59,800; December 31, 1927, 60,660; June 30, 1928, 61,388, and December 31, 1928, ,140. Analyzing the figure of 62,140, the Civil "Service Commission said that 37,404 of these were men and 24,736 women. ‘The latest date for which figures for the number of Government employes in Washington is available is April 30 of this year, when the Civil Service Commission said that there were 63, 507 persons here in Government em- ploy. These figures show that Government +| employes and their families can a count for a slice of the 12,000 an- nual increase in Washington's growth. Seeking the basic reascns why Wash- ington is marching steadily forward, The Star asked F. Stuart Fitzpatrick, manager of the civic development de- partment of the Chamber of Com- merce of the United States, who has his finger on the pulse of civic growth over the Nation. Washington's growth since the ‘World War is in large measure due to the advance of America in world im- portance, in the opinion of Mr. Fitz- trick. The growth of this Capital, e holds, reflects the new position of America in the world. Washington has become an international capital, and this is mirrored in its population, for this city has become more important in the life of the country and the ‘world, “Paris of New World.” ’M‘;i TFitzpatrick dwelt on Tg‘uu:t of Washington as a magnet for at- tracting the well to do as a place of residence. Washin, has become “a sort of Paris of the New World,” he thinks, and the wealthy establish homes e g with wfl’ul:;lm Teti- ux, wi o nmotmu:vmn, ids in adding to the of the Gov- another reason for the ula growth of the American Cap- ou o - t has become more complex is bmw more and more interlaced with the life of the Nation as more in- ventions and the further expansion of ‘and [ #nd this vast une 40.16 square smiles with a 1950 popu- | square miles of these | we another. Some one must be | superior in some direction. As we | make our program, we shall have more large cruisers and thus surpass in the battie line. But the British with many more smaller cruisers and many more naval bases, will retain a command of shipping which is at least as important. i MacDonald’s Knot. | Now Mr. MacDonald, without a ma- | jority in the House of Commons, with all the Tories and a certain number |of the Liberals determined not to see | British seapower inferior in any direc- | tion, is up against a stiff proposition | when he undertakes to advocate any measuring rod, which could even con- | ceivably satisty the most moderate of | American admirals. But Mr. Hoover is not in much better position, if he { undertakes to reconcile Congress to | accept a British system, which all our naval authorities agree permits Bri- Just now in both ccuntries public sentiment is running high in favor of adjustment, but in neither country is there any real idea that adjustment means the practical sacrifice of the theses for which the two countries have contended in the past. If one is to judge from what Mac- Donald and Dawes have said recently, the admirals and experts are now to be ignored and plain statesmen are to settle the matter once for all. But contact with the daily life of the peo- ple, he explained. Illustrating his point, the manager of the civic development department of the National Chamber of Commerce speculated on the added population that the setting up of the recently author- ized farm board will mean for Wash- ington. This great instrument for farm relief will bring to this urban center a new influx of population, as various Government officials, experts in the woes of the farmer and eager to aid in his betterment, bring their families here to swell the growing total. As an index of the accuracy of this surmise Mr. Fitzpatrick invited atten- tion to the growth of the Department of Commerce under Herbert Hoover as Secretary of Commerce in the Coolidge administration, when airplanes and Tadio were coming to the fore and trade expansion was forging forward. The advent of numerous officials to Wash- ington meant a corresponding family increase here, he said. Influence of Trade Groups. Apart from the governmental aspect of Washington’s growth, Mr. Fitzpatrick asserted that the coming of the repre- sentatives of countless trade associa- tions to Washington to aid in the Na- tion’s development and get in closer touch with the manifold functions of the Government is yet another reason why Washington is climbing up the population scale. ‘Then, too, there is what Mr. Fitz- Efl'lck calls the “indirect magnetic fluence,” as the city becomes of in- terest and attracts the resident of means. While this condition has al- ways been 5o, he explains, the process has been speeded up since the World ‘War. Because of American industry, com- cerce, Government and politics, Mr. Fitzpal ing out on the population map with a marked increase. ‘The industrial expansion of Washing- ton was cited by Charles W. Darr, president of the Washington Chamber of Commerce, as one of the major reasons for Washington's population in- crease. “The rapid increase in the popula- tion of the District of Columbia dur- 54 Per Cent Increase. “This increase is due to a variety of causes, one of the most portant being the in the number of Census figures in 192 increase of 54 per cent 3—an - |in the number of industrial employes in the District. The greater Washington area now produces manufactured goods valued in excess of $100,000,000 dertaking calls for in- tannia to continue to rule the waves. | trick asserts, Washington is bulg- | all competition. The fleet is only one symbol of many, all disclosing the change in the balance |of power in the world resulting from the rise of the United States in the war and post-war years. But the fleet | is precisely the symbol of British world power and has been for centuries. d it is just as clearly the symbol of Brit- ish security, for once British naval su- premacy is gone British security be- comes relative, not absolute. It is altogether too much to expect the British briefly and completely to | concede, not in theory but in concrete | naval units, the change which has taken ‘pllte in the world. But it is just as |{unreasonable to expect the’ United | States, which in wealth and in industry | has taken the place which Britain once | held in the world, to continue to accept an_inferior rank as a naval powe! It is far more likely to take a gen- | eration than a decade to bring about a new adjustment of British and Ameri- can affairs. But unless the United | States suffers some enormous disaster or Britain enjoys some unforeseen good fortune, time works for us and against | them. ‘What is today the chief danger {is that on both sides of the Atlantic misunderstandings and bickerings may accentuate what is, after all, a very real revolution. Personally I am afraid of the new proposals for adjustment because, while there has been a very real improvement in the tone of Anglo-American conver- sations, there has not been the remotest change in underlying national opinions. We think the British have become more reasonable and they think the same of us. But the fact is that we are both just where we were before. We have become more polite, but Mr. Mac- Donald could not get Parliament to ratify any compromise Mr. Hoover could | get Congress to adopt. and vice versa. | Moreover, alike in Britain and in | America, the legislators are becoming | vestive and the naval experts rebellious. (Covsrizht, 1920.) 3 Japan Has 3,000 Men Millionaires in Yen Japan has 3,000 men who are mil- lionaires—millionaires in yen—making the equivalent of property holdings of about $500,000. Of the fifty wealthiest men in the empire 39 live in Tokio and 5 in Osaka, great industrial center, according to a review just made by & credit company. The two richest men are Baron Iwasaki, head of the Mitsu- bishi interests, and Baron Mitsui, rich- est of the Mitsul group, both of these having wide interests in the principal countries. Their exact fortunes are not known precisely because of the great ramifications of their holdings, but $250,000,000 is the sum generally ac- cepted for each. They are doubtless to be included in a list of the world's 10 richest men. The Mitsui is the richest family in Japan. its members controlling & combined capital of $750,000,000. The Iwasaki family comes {a close second with total holdings of only $10,000,000 less. Practically all of these millionaires got their start or | made a majority of their money in some |form of the banking business. |Open Floating Prison for Young Delinquents A floating prison for the sole con- finement of Japanese juvenile delin- quents has just been opened, the in- auguration ceremony being attended by Minister of Justice Hara and other high judicial officials. It is anchored off the coast of Tokio Bay, near Yokohama, and from time to time will go out on short cruises. This ship prison, former- ly the warship Musashi, was remodeled with a view to providing some practical met of curing young lawbreakers by glving their minds and bodies healthy & year|them