Evening Star Newspaper, May 22, 1929, Page 8

THE: EVENING STAR —_ Wih Sunday Morning Bditien. WABHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY......May 22, 1920 THEODORE W. NOYES. ... Editor . ¥he Evening Ster Newssaper Compans | iness OMce: ce 3 Lake Michigrn R iildink 14 Re-ent St.. Loncon. England Rate by Carrier Within the has provoked discutsion of the subject in the Senats i'self. Dire threats have been meade to expsl newspaper cor- respendents from the press gelleries be- | cause of the violation of the rule of ! secrecy. It has been apparent, however, that these violations of the rule origi- nated first with a S2na or or a group of Senators willing to make public what had happened in the secret sassion. It there remained /'so the Senalor or Sen- ators to b2 dealt with. In eariiar days the transaction of i City. nn gtnlr.c Star 45= rer month e Evening and nodL LI wh Bundn Stindar Star yo 80c per month | Sunday Star | SoIN #5¢ per month c mer eopr A Af cars menth mall or telepasne | | Rate by Mail—Pavable in A ! Marvland and Virzinia. Delly an¢ Sunday . : mnl- anly Eimdar only ANl Other States and Canada. and Sunday. 1 yr.$17.00: 1 mo.. $1.90 1yl JA0N: 1 mo. Se §5.00: 1 mo’. ml 1. 1rl 19r. mo.. The Avencines Proce 2 the 1te for rannaliceting of Atabes eradired (6 it or not oth Faein S maner and ain the ~idlisked herain. All rishis of aupl e3nciz] dispaiches are also o | ey ThesrY Motorist Rehavior. | 12 oo ciion with ths edinational asmpaign to terch padestrian: to obey | ©re lights and eroseing policsmen it fahaoves the matorist to turn ever a | new Jesf in his driving bshavier at interseetione, The campaien for wa s, whied i€ now nnder war and whi it the Commissione:s heed the p- | - | | ons of arganizations and tha TramMe Bureau. | | will b follswed by sirict enforcemant | ef the existing reguiation relsting 1o ! padsetrians, stroszec again the fast that | 1f moiorist: expsct ths co-op-ration of | e welkere they must thsmssiver set | -s can bs no poseibls fairness in | expeeiing the much harasced psdestrien | ' for the gresn lght be- | at across an intsrsaction | ned by drivere | whe pase the painted: white line or | stast up or the caution signal. Like- | wwite thers can be no logical argument | .for pedesirian conirol if right-turning | drivers simply ignore those walking wihen they swing around the ecorncr diractly into the stream of padestrians | prezseding on the en light, H Thase practi unfortunatsly, are | preval:nt In Washington today and no headway con be expected in securing tae good will and aid of the walker for s beiterment of traffic conditions while they eontinue. Pedestrian control | is in force in a good many cities of the country. It is not designed and has not shown itself to be a regulation te give the moiorist & monopoly of the | streets. On the contrary, motorist and psdestrizn werk in harmony for the | protéction ef both and for the good of | the mejority. Th- rooterist is given tléar way on the gieen or go signal, while the wa'ker, in return, is granted full reciprocal privileges. ¥ There fre jpany who argue that pe- destrians should be free from regula- tion and that they should be permitted unreetricted use of the street because they are constantly in peril. In fact ene facelions writer to The Star in- cuired if & pedestrian death in the Dis- trist should be eorisidered “natural or aecidantsl” The fact remains, how- ever. that the streets of all large cities are becoming s> congested that no one clast of strest user, while on the street, should be granted entire fresdom. idewalks are furnished for walkers and streets for fast-moving trafic. All stvest traffic is controlled and it log- ieally follows that when the walker deserte the sidewalk for the street, he, teo, should come under the general con- trol. It is for his own protection and for the frictionless movement of traffie. Naturally the responsibility for safety 1s greater upon the motorist than upon the walker, The former is driving a potentially dangerous vehicle, against which the latter is defenseless. Accord- ingly, the motorist must exercise ex- treme eare. He must stop and “stay | stopped” until the signal flashes green: | he must not encroach upon pedestrian domain, and when he does encroach in making a right turn he must do so ceurteonsly, slowly and with scrupulous | regard for the fact that in that par- ticular mansuver his rights sre entirely subordinated to those of the pedestrian. Whan this Is don: and when pedestrians come to the realization that the ex- igencies of present condilions demand that every street nser be regu’ated, then the National Capitzl will be a better place n which to live, walk and drive. e | Tt is sincerely hoped that stories of plotiing to kidnap Miss Morrow will be teaced to some Hellywood press agent, moved by admiring en'husiasm to ren- | der service gratie. e Secret Sessions. The Senate spent the larger part of 1ts legisiative day, yesterday, discussing a“violation” of its secret sessions. It| was stirred hseauze of the publica fon of what purported to bs a record vote | en the confirmation of the nomination | of former Senator Lenroot of Wiscon- | sin to be a judge of the United States Court of Customs Appesls. The com- | posure of some of the Senators was ruf- | fled. In their opinion. the dignity of the Senate has been afironted. Beeret sescions of the Senate, while eonducting public business, have bacome | an anomaly. More and more the| esuntry is getting away from the idea | that any public business should be transacted in secret. There is no good reason for such secrecy. There is no | good reason for withholding a record vote taken on any nomination that is bafore the Senate of the United Stal tor Appro The Senate is in danger of making itself ridiculous. Thore is a live movement on foo! t6 do away with the seerecy rule. The root of th evil lies ‘in that rule, and it should be | amended, certainly to the extent pro- pesed by Senator Jones of Wa<hin< on, whe hae offered an amendm=at pi ing thet neminstions for office shail be In open execu'ive session, unless the Senate, by & mafority vote, sha't deter- mine that #ny pariicular nomination shall be eonsidored bhind clo-ad doors. As long #s the secrecy rul is contin- ned in effect it may be expecied that | | conserve public business in secret session of the Senate was the rsgular order. More and more, however, this practice of con- 'ence Acting on suggestions from Nr.' Toung, President Hoover calied Treas- ! ury and congressional leaders into coh- sultation at the White House. The re- {sult was en cffsr to reduce by about| { | i the correspondent was to be punizhed | sidering imporiant matters in secret has | bren abandoned. Even affairs of great international, as well as national, importance have come to be considered | in the open Senate, as In the case of | he Versailles treaty after th~ close of the World War. Every step toward publicity has bean fought by men of habits of thoughi—men who believe that what exisis and has ex- isted in the pest i3 right. e2n prople today are not willing to be kept in the dark by the Senate or any one elss. eleciive representatives are doing in re- gard to public matters and why. The | | | | The Ameri- | They wish to know what their | consideration of the nomination of the der eat, men for impor'ent office Government is of public inter Zanate actt upen such nemina jons. ) The Airport Situation. the | and | the publie & entitled to know how the | mot toward debt revision. Wa hington will await wih keen in. ! evest the answer of Senate and House lenders to the query of the Joint Con- nsional Afrport Commission as to wheiher time ean be spired at this specis! srerion for the eonsid-ration of airport legisalion for tie National Capi‘al. Al of the the prineipal cities of i United States eithsr have airporte al- ready or are pushing s‘eadily forward with plans for adequate landing facil- ities. The network of commercial and paseenger Alr lines hatwasn important points !s growing. Every month of delay in making a start on Washington's air- port puts the Capital City that much | out of step with the onward march of aviation s & means of transportation. The Senators and Representatives dasignated by the last Congress to tackle | the problem of air terminal facllities for Washington plunged wholehearted- 1y into their task two months ago. They scught the advice of the best minds, both locally and naticnally, regarding all phases of the subject. They have assembled & complete record of testi- mony a8 to the various available sites, | the amount of space that should be provided, the weather conditions to be dealt with and the various safety appli ances with which a model airport for Washington appreciates the real with which they have gone at their job. But, as was pointed out by the ehair- man yesterday, the commission has about reached the stage in its delibera- tions where little more can be done without congressional authorization, and, accordingly, a committee has been instructed to sound out those in charge of the legislative program. 1t' js recognized that Congress Was called into special session at this time to act on two or three pressing national problems, and the leaders, naturally, are anxious to guard against opening eral legislation that would come up at ! a regular session. At the same time there is an emer- gency element in the local airport sit uation. It is generally conceded that, as the Capital of the Nation, ‘Washington is bound to become an important center in air transportation, and with other National Capital to get started without delay if it is to avold being left behind in this new fleld 1t is going to take time to lay out the with hangars, runways, lighting devices and other facilities Whenover the. first move is made. And herein lies the ad- vantage of some legisiative action, it the National Capital should be equipped. | the legislative gates to the mass of gen- { Janiding field, or fields, and equip them | | opinion of some exper s. by cities moving ahead rapidly in the!derstand them for purposes of contra- planning of airports, it behooves (ht}flk“m_" the leaders can see their way clear to! | he is not camera shy. one million dollars ths annuitles which Germeny Is ob'igaied to pay for onur Rhine Army occupation eosts, Against the background of tha roundly five hnn- dred millior, dolars per annum in- volved in the Paris d'scusei'ns our re- bate propersl is ineons'dersble, But its ea’ts )i°s in its moral rather | than its finencial volum». The United | States seeks, in other words, to point the way t> compromiss. N man in the | has » shrewdsr realization cf the | nacessity of Furopsan escnomie recov- | erv than President Hoover. H> reasons Iy that an ounce of concession now may produce tons of dividends later in the way of a speedier re-establishment of normal eonditions “over there.” Sacretary Mellon sagely observed some vears ago that a Mabilized and pros- perous Europe is worth more to America than all our war debts. 1t may he per- tinent to suggest, in that connection, that the modest concession we have of- fered by way of exampl> to Germany's other creditors is not, and 1s not intend- #d 10 b2, & precedsnt as regards Bu- rope’s debts to ths United States, Any hopss on that score sbroad, or any foars hors at home, are undoubtedly hended the rocks. The United | States has moved. and moved sclely, in he direction of reperztions psace, and tor = r—oma Precident Hoover goes fishing with- ou. ths accompaniment of cameras. A true fisherman likes to do his own brag- ging and limit it to a close circle of friends. rmone The weather man holds no real au- | (hority that would enable him, assum- ing that he might b* mercenarily in- elined, t5 b~ subsidized even by so large | an enterprise as a circus. e Questions of rocial precedence will | hardly become so signifirant as to re- | ouire the appointment of a commission t0 settle them. It was assumed that Al Smiith had | reformed Tammany. Only time can show whether hs must be ranked with other disappointed ideclists. PO Poison ges will end warfare, in the leaving no- rry on the fighting. - “woe e Many photographs are taken of Mus- solinl. He may be a lit‘le haughty, but | body alive to ea SHOOTING STARS. BY PRILANDER JOHNSON. Pessimism of Columnism. In days of yore The “Kollumist” ‘With smiles would score. No reader missed ‘The gentle quips ‘Where Fancy strayed ‘With laughing lips Through life's parade. He now portrays ‘War and finance, And turns our gere To each grim chance. ‘There is no man In all the list ‘Who's gloomier than ‘The “Kollumist!' Playing Safe. ‘ou have made your remarks very long “That's where I play safe,” answered Senator Sorghum. “They go unchal- lenged, because no one who appreciates the value of time will undertake to un- Jud Tunkins says he had such high hopes when he bought a gold brick that for & couple of days he really got his money's worth, - Irresistible Intrusien. My Radio! My Radio! You fill me with delight, The old alarm clock out I throw, And stay awake all night! THIS AND THAT BY Conservatlsm is at once th> blessing and bane of the gardener. Whereas on the one hand It makes his existence more peaceful, on the other it causes him to lose th» spice of variety. Gardens need more ploneers, men and wemen who will exneriment just for the sake of novelty. If to be in motien is the essence of life, as no doubt it is, ronstant change is necessary in garden- ing. 8uch change should mean more than that wrought by the seasons in their vearly swing. Any garden. no matter how small or large, will show such vari- ations. They ere plersant, beautitul ennobiing, but standerdized to a point of surety. Again Iet it bs said that such surety is_of the cssence of gardening. If we could not depend upon the Jilacs, and [ the iris. #nd the poonies to work their magic &t gardening would pleasure, The fixity growth of snn approximately given times, lack much of its evergreens, th sure the fine spires of holivhocks, fhe genile b'u= of ag-ratum, are some of the features whi h moke gardening what it is. Their certainty of performance glad- dens the experienced gardener no less than the amateur, and makes glad him who owns a thousand acres no less than the man who has only a small back rard to cultivate, PR ‘The ploncering spirit for which we speak recognizes all this. but alto be- lieves in frying the new thing just for noveliv's sake. If the spirit could be extended to' more gardeners it would result in sur- ! prise being introduced gardens. Reflect a moment on the place which the element of surprise occuples in most art works. A garden is a living work of art and nceds’ surpris> not only in its composition, but even mcrs in its elements. The same old plants yesr after vear ars perpetually sat'sfactory. Nothing ean be said against them. It is a garden lack of which we speak, not of a flower chortage itsalf, Go into the first dozen gardens at hand and note how little variation you will find. This is not because thrre is any lack of ambition on the pert of owners, but solely hecause gerdening tends to bocome standardized. You find the same backgrounds, the into counth | same poois. the seme rock gardens, the | same sundials and bird baths, each and 211 baautiful, but inclined to be monoto- nous in their sameness. . The Interest of the beholder craves the nourishment of something different, | { He wants something vhich will give him the same start a reader gets at the end of an O. Henry story. * o E ox No dcubt this is why the simnle rose sardan holds porpetual fascination for the garden-minded. In most gardens there is a hodge- podge of plants, but in the old-time rose garden there wes nothing but the rose, | Queen of flowers, There i8 a certain soothing quality about such a planting which is still to be_found by thoss who seck it. Lack of space has made it a novelty to thousancs, that is whv we include it here. ever, would be a garden devoted en- tirely to the rose, iris and gladiolus. Rose, iris and gladlolus! Such a garden woul? possess charm s well as novelty in an equal degree. * nearest approach to it would be ‘What we would like to sce, how- | HARLES E. TRACEW'ELL, and thess are scaresly to be considered as_gardens There would be no ban, of course. against shruba and evergiesns as back- grouncs. The iris, for instance. s a plant vhich demands s 'me sort of back- ground, whether the sde of & gArase or a green privet hedge, If iris can be a0 pianted as to be stlhcuetted againat the sky it is in ita clement. Such a “Big 3" garden almost always would have at least two of iis flowsrs blooming at the same time. Poscs would come into bloom in this vielhity the Iatter part of April. and thair first flurh wonld coinelde with the bleeming of the iris. Then the lat> iris would come Into fiower, bridging cver the brief period when ‘thare might be no glediolus in bioom. Proper planting of the “glads” would give their flowers the remainder of the year, along with the blocm'ng of the roses from tims to time. Any one who has ever seen a bas- ket of pink roses and gladioli wiil recog- nizs Instantly the po:sibilities of sheer beauty which lie in such a garden for the back yard ploneer. It I8 a planting which should not be undertaken by the amateur, as it pre- Supposss considerable knowledge of va- rieties and rome degree of acquaint- ance with color s~hemes. Worked out by a true lover of the varieties. such a rose. gladiolus and iris ge would he af once novel and beautiful, satisfying the normal garden temperament as well as the most robust plonsering spirit. W What could bs prettier than an all- petunia garden, especially for the man or woman with a small plot which has been neglected until Jate in the season? A few dollars invested in seed of the various varleties (there: are some 50 varieties easily purchasable from the big New Yori houses) would result in a | garden unique. A small yard fairly smothered with th~ greai rufed varieties would be an | encherting sight, and the owner would | 2 have th~ intense satisiaction of enjoy- ing h’'s bloems until frost. Nor would the all-petunia garden nocessarfly. be A flat aTair, for some of th* white varisties are cl'mbers. often goirg as high as 6 fest and 7 fort, and these varis than almost any other, lastin after the average gardener has enthusiesm for the work. until fos We would like to ses some one try . an all-zinn'a garden. fashioned favorite sometimes called “Youth and Old Ag>." which is a poor sort of pame. It blooms Almost as constantly as the petunia, may ba secured in some 50 varietles. An all-canna gardén would prove a kneckout in a bold, flaunting way. It would be & bit of pioneering for the owner of a Spanish-type home. Many of the newer orchid-flowering cannas are delicate in coloring, with small, low foliage. A concentration on thess, with a few of the tall ones with glaring flowers for accent, would give a decided- Iy different garden. In ell such plantings one of the main considerations should be the inclu- sion of white or blue flowers to bind the others together. This is a standard | dictum of flower gardening. and one which even the skeptical will find cor- rect in practice. | Ageratum is splendid for this purpose. Among the zinnias the pale buff variet Tsabellina, Is good. White petunias serve This is an old- the farms of some commercial grower, cqually, WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC President Hoover must have employed his engineering yardstick, or whatever h 1t is that engineers use for measurement purposes, when he picked his National Law Enforcement Commission. It is about as nicely balanced, from a geo- graphical standpoint, as anything could be. With three representatives each from the East, Middle West and South and two from the Pacific Coast, the commission is sectionally non-partisan. e Democrats think their party might have been more conspicuously | represented. As far as can be ascer- tained in Washington, the commission contains eight Republicans and three Democrats. The latter are Newion D. Baker of Ohio, Federal Judge Wil- liam I Grubb of Alabama and Monte M. Lemann, president of the Loulsiana Bar Association. Th» Republican Pro- gressive element has a noble exponent on the commission in Federal Judge William S. Kenyon of Iowa—a Pro- gressive leader in ths Senate until he went to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals. Chief Justice Kenneth R. Mackintosh of the Washingion State Supreme Court, one of $he Far West representatives on the commission, was at Stanford with President - Hoover. * X % % ‘There is earnest hope on Mr. Hoo- WILLIAM WILE 1, President Hoover has diseovered that e has a cabinet of very “choosy” states- men, when it comes to cigars. At one of his earlest meetings wich his official | household in the ite House “offices | the President passed around a box of | his private smokes. To his astonish- {ment it was promptly revealed that | every mother's son of his executive ad | visers who smoke is so much of a “bug'’ {on his own pet brand of cigars that the; | scorned to tackle any of “the Chief's offerings. oo Charles MacVeagh, retiring American Ambaseador to Japan, farewell officlal visits to Washington | this week. He says he hasn't a glimmer |of & notion who's to succeed him at | Tokio and doesn't think Secretary of | Btate Stimson has come to any decision | on that score. The name most common- |y _mentioned in Washington for the | Japanese post is that of John W. Gar- | reit of Maryland, a former diplomatic “career man” of long experience and | high repute. Garrett was secretary | general of the Washington Armament Conference in 1921-22 and is said to | have made a particular hit with Ad- miral Kato and the rest of the Japanese delegation on that occasion. Itshappens bloom longer | t his | and also | is paying his | ver's part that the country will not that Mr. Debuchi, now Japanese Am- uponthe National Law mlm-nn::;t | bassador to the United States, was at- | tached to Niopon's delegation In a sec | is no chanee for obtaining Action on & | setected the right stock for a purchase | iated their reply to certain conditions give it a chance at this time. Any steps | taken at this session toward the enact- | ment of enabling legislation would be | “What's your boy Josh doing now?” that much progress made, since & bill| “Makin' the world set up an’ listen, started on its legislative journey now said Farmer Corntossel, proudly. would retaln it status in the next, “A sta‘esman?” session. “No. Radio announcer.” The Joint Alrport Commission has not yet disclosed what its detailed rec- ommendations are likely to be with re- garé to the airport, and may not reach definite conclusions at this time it “5 develops that there is no hope for ace | tion at this session, On the basic ques- tion of the urgent need for an airport, however, there ean be no disagr 'ment. | 1If the commission is advised that there Teiling the Weorld. | | “A poor man may be very wise, { Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “yet his poverty shows that even Wisdom may be indiscreet.” Strictly Business. A “Business Doctor” came to town, And round us threw a dizziners; But when he holler-4 for Cash Down, ‘We knew he knew his business, Dbill at this session, then Washington | «Dar is 5o much illegality goin’ on in will lock forward to the earliest possible | get in' supplies,” said Uncle Eben, “dat consideration of the matter at the "S- I's afraid dai 'most any Sunday I's ki Rasslion: gineier meet an officer inquirin’ whether s | we's got a bootleg chicken dinner.” Even Wall Street canrot promise to | S rmem make the man who heeds advice against | Th V 5 Sambing quite s happs atthe ne xhy| [Pl s o Lpdducement. Northwestern University plans to es- tablisih a school to train men to “outwit | master criminals.” It will be situated convenient to Chicago, consequently will not lack laboratory material. e Knighted—Or “Mourned.” R America to the Rescue. Thare have been so many disap- pointments at the Paris reparations; i ent recurrantly conference, with agreement recurr IO ol Mg vy £0 near and yet 8o far, that the world| “yion"oreny knighted in America, but hesitates to believe the experts 2a' i+ means about the same thing when Jongth are on the verge cf a meeting of | they get their firat invitation to address {helr minds, But today's dlanatches toll | & Srauuating class. - s TS A s the baromster of hope has again shot = 7 ; The Banks Are, Too. npward, Tho ereditor delegs om the Datrolt News ¥ Except for rounding at the right time. oo | have formn- | ¥ | up | masiers, the matter of {ne Mexl; ¥ which the German delegation proposed | juijon ssems to be qui e well cleaned vp a8 the price of their seceptance of | at this time. Chsiyman Young's compremise seftle- | - ment plan. The ereditor rapresentativee | | approve of six of Dr. Schacht’s condi ticns. Three others are sifil under dis- | cvssicn. Two conditions arpear to have ‘n.; ;‘X:‘_-'-"n:;:;;d[:";\ii W?}&'}l"';xm;’ been rejected outright. One is the Cer- sach other. man demand for th»> right to convens another conference whanevar the Reii's | economic situation vequires it. The|pn o (o a00nice Herald. other condiilon calls for a {Wo-32:i| Eyen though motor cars can run more moratorium on prymenis In ease ihey | than two hundred miles an hour on ¢ s—ren That Makes It Bad. From the Toronto Deily Biar. The trouble with the Mexicans is thai ) And They Always Will, Commission as a prohibition-probing proposition. The inclination to look upon the personnel of the commission, there- fore, as either dry or wet in its pro- clivities is deprecated at the Whiie House. The President was emphatic on this score in his Associated Press speech at New York on April 22. He “purposely cited the extent of murder, burglary, robbery, forgerv and embezzlement.” be- cause, he explained, “only a small per- centage of thess can be aftributed to | the eighteenth amendment.” Then Mr. Hoover made his much-discussed and widely challenged statement that ‘“of the total number cf convictions for fel- ony last year less than 8 per cent came from prohibiiicn violations.” These were dnbbed “a mere sector of the invasion of lawlessness.” * kR R Certain wet spokesmon deplore the “packing” of the Law Enforcement Commission with Federal judges. Thev argue thet these men, being undsr oath to defend. admin’ster and enforce the prohibition law #s they finl it, can hardly be expected to lend thems:lves to any very vigorous eritici'm of it. James Prancis Burke of Pittsburgh, g~neral counsel of the Republican na- tional committee. who i3 an unofficia attache of the White House, disputes this view. He says that Federal judges have frequently nnd frankly d'senssed the eighteenth amendment and the Vol- stead act from the bench And now and then have written their visws into opinjons. Burke is confident that the members of the national judiclary, who are on the Law Enforcement Commis- sion, are in no wise hamstrung by their official positions, He predicts they will be in the forefront of constructive ac- tivity, with regard to prohibition and all the other problems they are called upon to face. xox ok “Bill" P. MacCracken. jr., Assistant Sceretary of Commerce for Aeronautics, wes “reminiscing” about Lindbergh the other day. apropos the sscond anniver- Mac- Lindbergh was at Bolling Field a year agn taking up congressionals and other for joy-rides. More people tried h the gate on that occasion than tims within the memory of ne forenoon,” MacCracken ‘a well spoken woman turned ling _Fisld and sald she was | Mrs. Williom E. Borah. That sounded good to me, ‘Lindy’s’ boat. and I helped her into She'd _no sooner been |s2ated when Senator Borah's secretary, who Lappened to bs on the field, st ped up to_exp'ain how sorrv both Mr. #nd Mrs. Borah were that they weren't | retarial capacity at the Washington | conference. He and Garrett are warm friends. ! ok ok | Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur, Secretary of | the Interior, is about to relapse into his | medical Incarnation for a day or two. | He is chairman of the “Committee on |the Cost of Medieal Care,” which will hold its Spring meeting in Washington lon May 27. Brief statements will made there by members of the ¢im- | mittee in regard to recent progress and | further plans. The committes, which consists of the most eminent mediesl { men in the country, is in the third year lof & five-year progrem of minute in- cuiry into the ¢conomic aspects of fll |ness and heaith. Dr. Olin West of Chicago _epitomizes the | tesk as follows: “The one great outstand- |ing problem before the medical pro- fession today is that involved in th® | delivery of adequate. scientific medical rvica to all tha pople, rich and poor. A_eact whish can be reasonebly met bv them !n fhelr respeetive stations in f Explosive Lightning Again Investigated BY E. E. FREE, PH. D. The mystery of “ball lightning,” about which scientific controversies have raged for more than a century, has again occupled the attention of the Academy of Sciences in Paris. meeting M. E. Msthias, advocats of the theory that ball lightning consists of a rpecial kind of matter, probably formed from air gases by electric action, re-| ported additional instances of these mysterious ball-like lights which he | has found in accounts of eyewitnes:es ag back to 1770. In some In- stances, M. Mathias reporis, the eye- witnesses desoribe these glowing balls |as exploding wiih enormous | louder than the discharge of many cannon at once. In other instances ihe balls seem to have disappoared slowly #nd quistly. What M. Mathias calls the *fulminating matter” of these Jightning bal's may either explode or not explode, he bellsves, Gepending on | the eircumstances, just as explosives like TNT mey burn quietly in a fire or may expiode \iolently when toushed off |by a detonator. The ball lightning Is | dererib*d by most of (he people who claim to have seen it, M. Mathias re- ports, in very similar terms. During be | eiection comin; At a recent| noise, | regular course, locomotives are stil’ going to be able to go up. The pscudo | an o.dinary lightning storm a round, Politics at Large By G. Gould Lincoln. | relief bill be:wa'n the conferees of the | Benate and of the House has so far b.ought no results. The Senate mem- bars of the confersnce commitice are insicting that the House take a direct vote on the debenture pian, written ! into the bill by the Senate, bafore any- | thing furthrr s done, Th* House con- | fe1ee8, on the other hand, demand that |the Senate receds from its support of the debenture plan without more ado. Fowx long this impasee will eontinue 1s . Mueh may dep=nd upon the d wiih which the tariff bill is cought to a final vote in the House and also ther during the consfdera- | tion of the tariff bill in that chamber |a vote is had on a proposal to incert | the dcbenture plan in that measure. When the farm relief bill containing | the debenture alanse came bacz from | the Senats to fne House, the latter dodged the cons i.utional is-ue involved. alhough it, in i3 resolution sending | the bill to confeience, declared thai |such a constitutional question exisied. | Th> constitutional question arises be- jeause of the chaige made in some | quarters that the debenture is revenue |legis'ation and under the provisions of the Constitution must originat> in the Houee end not in the Senats I it as ' clear that the House conferees go back for a vote in the House on the deben- tura plan, either the House will have to waive this question of eonstitutional- | ity of the Senate’s action in placing the | debenture in the farm bill, or will ha | to raise the issue with the Senate. Th> | announced purpose of avolding that |isane when the bill came back from | the Senate originally was to expedite final action on the farm bill. It wi | feared that if the conatitutional ques- {ion was raised it might lead to long | debate in both Houses and that if the | House actually returned the bill to the | Senate, declining to consider the deben- | ture amendment, it might be weeks and | months before tha farm bill is sub- | mitted to President Hoover for his ap- | proval. It remains to bs seen wh'ch of the I itude. i debentu direct. ve The Senate supporters of the continue to clamor for a o in the House an fhe Genate ! amendment providing for debenture The Houss leaders apparentiv are as firmly set against that procadure. L IR B Before the week is cut the Republicen memberzhip of the Houss will have demonstrated its ability or fail to dem- the tariff bill. ers. members of the ways and means ccmmittse and Republicen mombers . who have heen disappointed over som: of the duties placed in the bill &s re- ported, have struggied to adfust the differences. A party caucus is expected almost daily to tak- final zction on the | bill. It is understood that the ways and means committee will rgree to a number of amendments in an effort to placate both the aroused Republicans | from farm States; who insist that the farmer is not the real beneficiary of | this tariff bill. and members from some i of the indus‘rial States. who are cling- ing fast to thair demands for increa:ed duties on some of the manufactured produets of their States, If the Repub- iteans fail to agree on the tariff bill, it will be someth.ng new., Representative Franklin W. Fort of New Jersey. secretary to th» Repub- | 1731 to 1783, serving as president of | n nationel committes #nd recog- | that body in 1781, the first to hold and 67 nized as one of the ablest of the young- er leaders of the party. has come for- ward with an’ ingenious signed to make it possible to grant protecilon to some of the articles now on the free list without resorting to another tariff bill. His proposal is to #2t up A separaie class for articles which have bzen on the free list, but which need proteciion before the Republicans get around to writing an- iother tariff Jaw. He points out that eigt or ten vears usually elapse b> tween the enactment of tariffl lewe. With worid eonditions of trade an- production eenstan’ly changing. Ames cen-produced aril- whicn tocay re Guire no proteciion from foreign com- petition may in a year or two years need such pretection vilally. Amorg the articles which he would include in | this new classification are hides, shoe:, leather, phosphate rock, veg:iable oils, efc. Under Mr. Fort’s plan a nominal | duty of one per cent would b- placed /on such articles and a maximum dut: ot perhaps twenty per cent would be fixed by Congress, The president of ihe tarif boera would be given au- | thority to deal with the dutics on these articles if & chang> b>came necessa In reality, Mr Fori's proposal is an ¢ tension of the elready existing fi=xible provisions of the tariff law under which the President, after investigation by ihe tariff board. is given ths right to in- crezse or reduce the tariff duties by fif'y per cant of the rat> fixed in the law. A suggestion was made while the | wavs and means committee was_cor ering the tariff bill that the | dent be given autho:ity to take ¢ s | from th* free list and fix on them | duties within certain limiis, after inves- | tigation by the tariff board. Gpposicion aros: to ihis, however, on ths grouna that Congress will be praciically wach- ds of its constitulional duty 0 levy tariffl qutles. Mr. For.’s plan p'aces the infilative on Congress isalf And l=aves to the Fresident only aaministraiion of the will of Congre within bounds specifisd by law, X% % Alihough 1929 is wihout a national estion de- Ing its han «Empaign, it piomises not to be de- void ot political inierest. There i.\\dnn | on in America a est city, New York, which may a very far-reaching effect. Mayor “Jim | my’ Walker s seeking to succeed him- i . Republicans and supporicrs of K{m-nm' Mayor Hylan, not t)> mention | the number of anti-Tammany Demo- | crats, have bsen seeking to form a fu- | slon ticket. When Tammany Las bsen committee’s | defeated in New York, which is not | scheduls. KMtep. it _has been through the fusion | method. _ Republicans in the greater ’uly simply have been ounumb ied by | their Democratic opponents. Ever since | :he resignation of George W. Olieny as | tammany lcader there have been erup- tiens in the Tammany ol ganizativin, | Ly, the new leader, was e.xcied on jafier a rather bitter Int.rnal struggle. 1 Curry has boen at odds with Alfreq 7. |smith In the past. His sclection as |'iammany hoad was interpreted &s a dgirect slap at the former governor ¢nd presidential cendidate. Tammany, un- der the leadership of Curry, is ba~kin | Mavor Walker. Not a Iittle interest will | be maniiested in the part which Mr. Smith plays in the mavoralty cam- p On the surface at Isast there overcome the opposition next Fall. * o ox % Another weman may soon become a member of the House, swelling the | fminine representation’ in that_bod: iill farther. Mrs. Sarah C. Ca: widow of the lats Repressntative John | J. Cosey of Wilkes-Barre, Pa.. has been | ssiected by the Democratic leaders of | the disirict as their candidate to fill the vacancy In the House at a special | eiection to be held June 4. Like many other woman members of the House, | Mis Casey, If she is elected, will fal | heir to a seat held by her husband. | Mrs. Kahn of California, Mrs. Rogers of Massachusetts and Mrs. Oldfisld of Arkansas are other instances of wom- en who came to the Houss to A vacancies created by their husba; deaths. Be it stid. however, they hav made good in their own right, and in most cas>s have been rs-clectsd. I Mrs. Ca is_elected to the Hous» sh: will be the first woman sent to the | netional Legislature by the State of Pennsylvani; e Preliminary sparring over the farm | wo Houses will be forced to ehange ite | never condurted an organised e | onstrate its abllity to get together on | For davs now, ths lead- | €l > | Sooner or later a woman seems bound ‘P ramided by reta ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS - BY FREDERI Many readers send in questions signed only with Initials, esking that the snswers appear in the newspaper. | The space is limited snd would not accommodate a fraction of such re- | quests. The answers published are | ones that may interest many readers. | rather than the one who asks the }quuuon only. All questions should be acompanied by the writer's name and address and 2 cents in coin or stamps | for reply. Send your question to The | Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- | | ton, D. C. | Q. Was Texas Guinan of notorlety ever in the movies?—F. B. A. She was in the movies. and be- fore that venture was on the stags. Q. What are gamma rays?—W. B. A. Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves of hign frequency with wave lengths of from 14 angstrom units down to approximately 0.01 angstrom { units. Gamma_rays are more pene- j trating than X-rays. Gamma rav have n used for treating such dis- eases as cancer, tumors, ulcers, con- | genital warts, ete. Q. Please name co-operative col- | Ioges other than Antioch in the Middle Wes D. R. A. Merquette, at Milwaukee, Wis. ! and ‘Beree College, at Berea, Ky, a | both' co-operative colleges. | @. Do th» musictans in the Navv Band have to serve part of their er. | listment at ssa2—C. V. F. A. Tt is not r | Q. Where i3 Prof. Ritchey, who de- signed the great telescopes of Mcunt Wilson_Observatory?—S. F. O. A. Prof. G. W. Ritchey js working jon a new reflector in Paris which will | probably be the largest in the world. | This telescope will have a& 240-inch mirror. Q. Have the Chinese, American In- dians or Jews ever persecuted people ! H. ns thinking they were witches?—H. P. A. The Chinese or American Indi | paign against witcheraft in any way { comparable to that carried on in | Purops in ths middle centuries or'in America in the early history of the | conntry, but there i« ample proof that | the Jews from earliesi times placed witcheraft under the Pan of the law. and among the earliest laws given Moses is the one “Thou shelt not suffer | a witch to live. Q. Can quail in~uba‘or?-B. E. % ! A. Quail may be successfully hatched | in incubators. The temperature should bs kepi at about 99', degrees. The eggs should be turned daily and the air in the incubator well supplied with molsture, It takes about 23 dars.fer | eggs to hatch. Q When did Nietssche live? M. K. | A. Friedrich Withe'm Nietzsche wes | a famous German philosopher who lived i from 1844 to 1900. Q. Was John Hanson the first Pres: | dent2—1. M. F. A. John Hanson, born in Green H'Il Md., 1715, was a Representative in | the House of legales of Maryland { from 1757 to 1781 and a delegate from | Maryland to ths Continental Congress. B:{,._m hatched in an this office after ths adopiion of the Articles of Confederaiion, but not un- tution. Crorge Washi ed High Propos | | The proposed increass on sigar in the new tariff bill is widely and vigotously disoussed, with ite adveoates eontending for the building up of the domestic in- | dustry 3 'y and its opponents protestin | #zainst an addition to the cost of li+~ !ing and the effect on trade with Cuba. | On world sugar the duty would be raised from 2.2 cents a pound fo & c°nts. On Cuban sugar, Wwith its 2 per cent differential, the increase is | from 1.76 to 2.4 cents a pound. | “The sugar schedule, whether it is wise or unwise.” according fo the B falo Evening News (Republican). * 'been framed with the purpose of ene couraging the production of beets o1 Westsrn farme—that is, of promotine greater divers'fication in farming. The | expansion of agriculture from the one- | crop system to a variety of crops is an | ess°ntial part of the farm relief pro- |gram. Where well directed diversifica- | tion is practiced. farming usually is a prosperous incustry now. consumption of the United States is so qomous #nd the possibilities of fur- ther increass are so unlimited that it i should offer an atiractive fleld for in- { ereased home production without dimin- {ish'ng the imports.” In opposition to this view is th~ | contention of the Nashville Bann-r (independent) that “the claim that the changs in the sugar schedule were med> in the interest of the beet sugar oreducers of this country is feen to be a shallow hoax. It is estimated.” con- tinuss the Tennessee paper, “that the beet suger producers would secure only ebout $4,000.000 additional under the | political cempaign or a congressional | NeW schedule. This is only about one- | twenty-fifth of th> $100,000,000 extra { cost_of living that wonld be placed cn th> American people. of whom the farm- ers compnse the la~gest class.” It might have besn expected.” sug- | g2sts the New York Sun (independent). | “that the little republic which the | United States sst free and which has been more or Jess under the Americzn wing since 1898 would receive more considerate treatment in the sugar 1 this be dismissed as a wholly sentimental argument, the ta makers might remember that Americars < have $1,000,000,000 invested in Cuba and !that these Americans do not like the picture of Cuba h-ading for bankruptcy or revolution, or both, * ¢ * Th~ | continues to be for proisciion. but i cannot speak w2l of & bill which saem< {to sorve no purpess cxoept giting nerveusn-es o business and offendina. perheps ruin‘ng. a neighbor.” |7 *Th influences in Wall Street which are so powerfully behind the Cuban sugar industry,” charges the Salt Lake Drseret News (independent). “are not take defeat Money | Is power—and they centrol plenty ot both. But against 18" the | emphatic necessity, as understood by 1 going | its cost in this country not less than | the cost of production of the domestic |erticle under American standards of labor and living. |~ Emphasizing the benefits to Michi- | gan farmers expected from the proposed I rates, the Flint Dailv Journal pendeni) remarks: “This, of course, is pleasing to those Slates which raise sugnr beets, of which Michigan is cne, ibul it will form the hasis of much op- | position to the measure, as considerably | more States are merely consumers than are also producers of sugar." | “It is history,” recalls the Detroit torfal nemination in 1952, If she does. she will be following in the footsteocs of Mrs, Ru'h Hanna MecCormick of Dliinels, also a memboer of the House, who has announced her inten‘ion of running for the S2nate next year. | to break into the Senats of the United States, Mrs, Owel ather, the Iate | William Jennings Bryan, had an am- | bition to enter the S~nate irom th: The sugar) (inde- | C J. HASK, ton was the first President of ths United States under the Constitution | and was the first President elected ac- | cording to the laws of the Constitution. | Q. Please give. an example of the | letter “w" used as a Towel—M. D. A. “W" serves as a consonant when it begins & word or syllable. The letter serves as & vowel at the end of a word or syllable where it forms a diphthons with the vowel preceding it, as in the words “how" or “grew.” Q. Are any Amcricans buried ‘Westminster Abbey?—A. 8. A. No Americans are buried in West- minster Abbey. There is a bust of Henry W. Longfellow in the Poets’ Cor- ner, A colored window and a tablet fo James Russell Lowell and a tablet to Walter Hines Page. Q. Has a perpefua! been invented?—M. T. A. No perpetual moilon machine has as yet been invented. The law of the conservation of energy i an absolute i barrier to all schemes for obtairing bv mechanical means what is called “per- petual motion,” or a machine which will do an amount of work greater than the equivalent of the energy. whether of heat. of chemical combination. ef electricity, or mechanical energy, that is put into it. Such & result would be the creaticn of an additional store of enerz7 in the universs which is npt nooable by any human agenc: Who was the ! 5 first Unitad States Ambeasador?—V. H. A. Thomas Francls Bayard was the firsi, United States Ambassador. He was ‘Ammldcr to Great Britain from 1833 to 5 Q. How long do doves live?—C. W. K. A. The life of doves and pigeons in general is about 10 to 15 years. In | captivity under favorable circumstances ! these birds might live a longer time. Q. What is th> orig of tne word “succotash” . B, A. It is Indian in origin, It is a corruption of a Marragansett name for | an ear of corn as distinguished from | corn’_cracked -or. broken pounding. | Roger Williame used fthe word in this | wise, By 1778 it had the msaning of eorn mixed. with beans #nd perhaps bears’ flezh. Now succotash is a miz- turs of corn with lima’ beans or strirg , beane. % 4 motion machine | | in and meaning "?—8. H. ‘What countries in’ Southeastern re independent nations?-—C. R. A. 8iam is the only one. Q. How expensive were the first books printed?—B. 8, | @ Ava w i E re is record of twn printers in 1478 agresing to publish 930 coples of the Bible. Just how long these | Bibles wete in preparation is debatable, |but the first record of sales in thet | locality, Venice, year 1492, and by the | same printers gives the selling price [ate8 to 12 ducats, or 8 $30 to $60. | @ Was Prederick, Md., ever general- | Iy known as “Fredericktown”?—P. | 5 dericktown, Md.. was estab- 1ished April 20, 1793, This name wes |.changed to “Frederick” between 1823 and 1829, | Q. How manv school teachers are | there in the United States?—M. R. A. There are 138.810 male teachers 350 female teachers. a total of 214.139. The tearhing departments are divided ints primarr, secondary and h'sher Jesmirg. ASugar vTarrirff Subject of National Debate News (independent). “that the sy-calle { | refinerct cifferential was first put into the American sugar tariff back in the | 90s. by e hslp of a few United | States Senators. An enormous scandal | Tesulted. That was in the early dars | of the noterious svgar trust. The trust | rake-off t'hm held n“obnms was 1. of a cent & ind. e pending sugar tariff so juggles the existing tariff as to give the Atlaniic refiners a differ- ratial of 2-5 of a cent a pound! It is now about 1-8 of a cent & pound! The ~'ements of another sugar scandal of the first magnitude are present with o $300.000.000 added to th~ Natlon’s snnual sugar bill” argues th~ Davton Daily News , (independen: Demo-retic), “we could i a few years bur all the beet and cans sugar Jand ‘n the countrv, pav anmtal pensisns t~ the cans and bset sugar growers an- 5 emancipate enrs~lvsc finally from o rrific national hurden. | . On th e nf the sigar tariff, th- | Mew Oriearc Item (Demarratic) at- tacks “o'd-time esmnalen flanjood!-™ | pnd mainiaine thet “the sugar pean’ | have alwavt had a rather touzh tim-~ | t~ make ends meest gver fny 'ong perio-l | of vears” making the" her argh- mant: “It i known #s a theory that » of the sugar in the United States ron'i ha nrodneced within the borders of th~ United States. As a maiter of natione! nolicv. we @n no' beljeve jthat thie i< desirable. Rut the lesson of the Jast | war. and A"l of the wars, has oointed {tn tha logi~ of hevingy contineni~! United Statss nrodnce s reaconab's nronort'en of the sigar that it eon- = bv vepr 1t has hasame harder #n* herder th furn onr raw suesr b a ==afit " parees the San Wrancje~o Chren- s (fndemendant). while the Bntts AMantpna Stendard speavine for in. | Arescsd peadustion in ite ~wn Stats. Aaclaras “TH wanld casm that avar rassthia fastar ghanld he heaneht tn henr to ashisvs avmancian f the e Fnetre. g'mas tha Tinjted Statee mea. dnnse amie one.Afh of the sugar it rmmtvmman “OAn tmmarts af Fyhan aygan® sare ‘e Attants Jeurmael (Nemoeratic). em ha Athar hand G amamiagn mAmanmess T maw dnctaad nf JHR pente o narendd b fn amhadfagle Wigh Aha AC DR pakenl Tha Macte “n indar tha Oegltdma s Amin mansmesnded g veSustion 0 this Suse tn 197 sints Asslaring thi TAN'A giva tha hewme npednners ape-- mansnia af aratastian meadad Ryt - | tram eavaw, rammieeian'e par. #el. whish we A o0 Prosd invecti. wetian, uilisen, * maforite | Conorase mraragee 4 KA mer pent s [ vAnes Acide fram ite inivetice tA Fihe gnad maichber and etanch friens, PO been signs recently that the Dem- | the tariff reformers and as expressed this wan'd he an actaction An ava— ocrats in New York wer ironing out by the President, of placing such a duty | Amariaen Mu-»«:m nv'4‘m;‘ thnu;l‘ndl their differences and would be able to on the imported product as shall make of Amsricen fndnciriee | “Cnba bnes moast of “her manufs-- #nred goode from s states the Bachacter Times-Un'an (Indenandant) “Runnipg fretoriee fe & joh for whirh she is noorlv ernigned. whita we sro evmarte fn muantitv prodnation of re'i- sbla manufactursd goofe. Rut th- wave 2nd mesns committes Aoes net care whether we guoply Cuba with | mannfsctutsd goods or not.” Proteste | aga‘ret rumning Crha gre mede alen | bv the Colnmbus Ohjo Siate Journsl | (Repuhlican) and Hartford Times (in- densndent Democratic). “H~w guirklv sven propnsed teriff inerascas affect the prices housewives nav for pessesities,” save the Bronkl: Drilv Feqle (indenendent). “is illus trated by the announcement made ‘ointlv bv the Eastern and Midwesterr refiner= of a rise in the wholesale rates for refin=A suger from 4.9 cents & pound to 5 eonts. This. of eourss, il dealers.” Others whi-h protest aga'nst increased house- ha'd _cost are the Herald (in- danendent).. Little kansas Ga- 2attey] itic) Al rlotte News e apstraini Tarmdn capacity to are ovemstraining Corman cAPACIY 13 yortimg them to the grade erossings. carmo— But It's Fattening. Prem the Rochester Times-Unian. first lady of Idcho had the shock of | ball-sheped glow is seen. usually mov- her life when I asked her. to vamocse, |ing through the air a few feet above snd she did not de so without expos- | the ground. Presently the ball vanishes tulation.” MecCracken has never re- | or explodes. No one has seen one of vealed the identity of the impostor, but | these balls form, and some lightning A magazine article, praising exercis®, | says it wae his turn to be shncked when | experts still deny that they exist, the says. boxing insresl the reach. 8o he found himself nm‘v next to her at ' reports of witnessss bsing escribed to dees icarding, end i's less stfenucus. & dinner party lest Winter. ‘crtisel illusions, - - There is talk in some quarters of ' Slate cf Florida, which he. made his' (Dem . . % the probability of Florida having a | residence several years before hisd - 'h.| “Trivial efits” for fi ars seén woman candidate for the Senats with- | Senator Fletcher might have been. op- by the Baltimore S inderandent in the mext two or three years. Mrs.|posed by Col. Bryan had he lived. 1! Pemorratic). and.the Fuecson A-izons Ruth Eryan Owen. who last year was|is Senator Fletcher who comes up for Star (independent) avers that “if the elected a member of the House, end isre-election in 1932, and against tariff on sugar is. anv _higher now serving. her first term, may, it is' it is possible Mis. Gwen may make the erican farmer suffer eald, become a candidate for the sena- race. \inverse retio.” Senators will he angered Ly the publi- catien in the newspapers of what transpires behind the clozed doors of the Serate chamber. From tims to i the publieatien ef reporls of pro- seedings of {he Senale In sserst session A* (he beginning cf this Jaicet erunjal woek in Paris the Uniled Statss mads a dramatie gesture which may well b the meinspring of the opiim'siic atm: rlere azain prevailing at the conl )