Evening Star Newspaper, April 21, 1929, Page 60

AVIA BY JOSEPH VIATION is presenting a roblem which our educa- onal institutions are find- ing increasingly difficult to Ignore. Students in colleges, high schoois and even the elementary schools are clamoring for intelli- gent instruction in this new field of activity. The response to this clamor has been sporadic. Educational lead- ers are coming to the realization, however, that for their own peace of mind they are going to have to put their heads together and de- vise some fairly adequate method of satisfying the yearning of the z’nun folks for knowledge about his flying business. Incidentally, it may be remark- ed, the craving of the younger generation for participation in aviation—in almost any sort of capacity—is threatening to play havoc with the pocketbooks of a slightly older generation which has just about become educated, slowly and painfully, to the un- derstanding that a collegiate car is as much a part of the necessary education equipment of today as a book strap and pencil box were at the turn of the century. Wants Both Car and Plane. This does not mean that the col- lege student does not want his au- tomobile. He does. But he also wants his airplane. University men are turnln%to the glider and the airplane. Harvard seems to have taken the jump on other universities in this respect. There are 25 prospective airplane gllots at Harvard who go to the flying fleld every day and work under the direction of Robert B. Bell, student aviation captain, the De- partment of Commerce has been notified. They have regular flying schedules and own several planes. Members of the Harvard Flying Club expect to have a hangar soon and a repair shop in which they can overhaul aviation mo- tors and repair their own planes. Last Fall an intercollegiate air race was proposed to stimulate in- terest in college aeronautics and Grover C. Loening offered a cup to be awarded to the winning school. When it was found that Harvard had the only team quali- fied to enter, the race was post- poned until such time as other colleges might have something be- side optimism to offer in way of competition. College Association Formed. The future of college aeronau- tics, however, was practically as- sured when, during the course of the intercollegiate aeronautical conference held last, Fall at Yale, a National Intercollegiate Aero- nautic Association was organized, with representation from Yale, Harvard, University of Pennsyl- vania, Cornell, Massachusetts In- stitute of Technology, Carnegie Technical Institute, University of Illinois, Northeastern University, New York University and Detroit University. Each of the universities repre- sented in the association has an active aviation club and there are some men in each club who know how to fly and are teaching others. Despite certain faculty op- ggcsmon, the Yale Aeronautical iety members are making con- siderable progress. New York University, which is the home of the Daniel Guggenheim School ,of Aeronautics, has an active club comprising about 50 members, some of whom are enrolled in the Army Air Corps Reserves. Among the universities which offer flying courses as a part of their curricula are the Massachu- setts Institute of Technology, New | York University, the University of Minnesota, the College of Pacific, L ARRER i ' TION S. EDGERTON. Buffalo and the University of Southern California. While public school systems so far have refusec to sponsor actual flying by students, a number of them in various parts of the country have inaugurated classes on the theory of flight. In this gioneorlng work they have had he co-operation of a committee on e]omemnay and secondary aeronautical education which was established a little more than a year ago by the Daniel Guggen- heim fund for the promotion of aeronautics. This committee has suggested text books and class courses to many of the schools seeking information. The Guggenheim committee recently conducted a survey to determine how many schools in the United States are giving some form of aeronautical instruction and the nature of this instruction. Of 576 schocls that replied 205 reported that they are giving aeronautical instruction of some sort. In addition many others encourage model plane building in school shops, providing a very good ground work for luture“"’ Lrainln% In this city the community center department, which is a de- partment of the public school system, has gone into the model lirgllme situation seriously and wit) most gratifying results, Washington schoolboys having captured many sectional and na- ticnal ?rizes. The building of model planes has been encouraged by a number of local manual training instructors and at least one of these teachers has .made a really serious effort to organize this activity. Eastern High Sets Pace. In the field of aeronautics proper, Eastern High School has taken a pronounced lead among Washington public schools. Stu- dents there have an old type air- plane, which they can tear down and reassemble, thus gaining a comprehensive idea of the struc- ture and functions of the various parts of an airplane. ‘The aeronautical scholarship has made its appearance and students of 83 colleges and uni- versities have enrolled for the Alexander aircraft scholarship contest. The winner will be awarded a four-year university course in aeronautics or, as an alternate award, an airplane. The aeronautical correspond- ence course also has come into being and the Massachusetts De- partment of Education is offering such a course to all residents of the United-States and Canada. The State course was decided wapon as a result of experience gained by the Massachusetts Uni- versity extension in conducting classes in aeronautics during the past 20 months. The course nat- urally covers only the fundamen- tal rinciples of aeronautics, carrying the student up to the actual point of flying training. Exclusive of preparatory studies, the course includes elementary aeronautics, the airplane engine, structure and rigging, airplane design and air transportation. An indication of the tremend- ous intrest taken in aeronautics by American students is con- tained in a report of Charles H. Snow, dean of the College of En- gineering of New York Univer- sity, in which he stated that the important place which ecivil en- gineering has held in the curri- culm of that university for many decades is being threatened for the first time by the newly estab- lished courses in aeronautical en- gineering. One-fourth of the students at the College of En- gineering now are identified with Stockton, Calif.; the University of aeronautical engineering, he said. ALL-METAL DIRIGIBLE DESIGNED FOR NAVY IS NEW TYPE AIRSHIP DETROIT (#).— Glistening in the sunlight that filters through the win- dows of its huge hangar, the Navy's new experimental metal-clad dirigible, MC-2, is nearing completion on Grosse Isle. Called a daring feat of engineering by many aeronautical engineers, the new dirigible, if successful, will be fire- proof, weather-proof, durable and per- manent in structure and navigable in all kinds of weather. It is the first airship of all metal construction built for the Army or Navy and embodies several revolution- ary ideas in dirigible oconstruction: Only one other metal airship has been built and it depends upon other prin- ciples for its success.. Completion of the silvery metal ship and its first shed tests are scheduled for the middle of April. Its designer, Ralph H. Upson, and its builders are confidently, but anxiously, awaiting the day when the new dirigible may prove itself a success in actual flight. The thin metal used for the airship's covering has the appearance of tin, but it is a new aluminum alloy to be known as “alclad” with duralumin as its base. Millions of tiny rivets, measuring s few thousandths of an inch in diameter, hold the strips of thin metal together. A special machine, which resembles a household sewing machine, is used to stamp the microscopic rivets into their places at the rate of 40,000 in eight ‘hours. FLIGHT WITH DIESEL ENGINE IS SUCCESS Junkers With Oil-Burning Motor Stays Aloft for Ten Minutes. The first European flight of an air- plane equipped with a Diese] oll-burn- ing motor has been made successfully at Dussal, Germany, according to a re- port received here by the Department of Commerce from A. Douglas Cook, as- sistant trade commissioner at Berlin. The plane was & Junkers G-24 com- mercial monoplane which usually IBI powered’ with three Junkers L-§ air- cooled motors developing 280 to 310 The structural members of the framework have been built and tested to insure a safety factor double that of the ill-fated Shenandoah, while the longitudinal strength of the metal hull is calculated to be four times that of the Shenandosh. Unlike the Los Angeles, Graf Zep- pelin and other big dirigibles which have lengths many times their maxi- mum diameter, the MC-2 will be stubby | —only as long as its maxi- mum diameter. ‘The nger and control car, swung beneath the silvery ship, is 24 feet long, 8.5 feet wide and is of duralumin construction. Two engines, hi on frames extending from the control car, will propel the ship. Each has 200 horsepower. A of the new airship hope to preven repetition of the Graf Zep- pelin’s experience with a torn fin while crossing the Atlantic by using eight small fins and eight rudders of metal construction. The small fins would be less exposed to storms than the large quadruple fins of the Graf Zeppelin, and their metal surfaces should be im- rvious to winds which lashed the Eewpeltn'l fabric. Dreams of giant commercial metal- clad airships, capable of maintaining regular three-day schedules between Detroit and London, are in the minds of Carl B. Fritsche, vice president of the Aircraft Development Corporation, and other backers of the project. DOUBLE PARACHUTE JUMP IS SCHEDULED Scott and Miss Runnion in Stunt at College Park, Md., Today. ‘The aviation fleld at College Park, will be the scene of a double parachute jump at 1 o'clock this after- noon, Miss Geraldine Runnion C. Air Legion, and W, F. chief machinist’s mate at the Anacostia Naval Air Station, are to leap from the Lincoln Page training plane, operated there by the Miss Runnion’s jump, it is said, will woman in horsepower each., The three motors | S! were removed and a single 600 to 700 | ing horsepower Diesel engine was substi- tuted. With this motor a flight of 10|50 timore, under direction of . Scott, one of the Navy's foremost ute made :’ record jump of 15200 feet over this city several ago, but had the mhfiofiumd ent. TH. i ARLINERS TO DOCK | [ summve st 10 sty soome or smmsmes | ING MAST TO SIMPLIFY MOORING OF AIRSHIPS EASIER THAN SHIPS| Telescopic Mooring Mast Ex- pected to Solve Many Problems. BY WILLIAM E. BERCHTOLD, Associated Press Aviation Editor. LAKEHURST, N. J—A telescopic mooring mast, capable of towering into the sky to receive giant les and then shrinking to earth to moor them in safety, is being developed by Navy engi- neers, Its perfection is seen as a definite step in the development of apparatus to en- able future merchantmen of the air, carrying scores of passengers, to moor with greater ease than ocean liners now dock at their piers. Stub Mast Has Disadvantages. In employing the high mast now gen- erally used, attendants must keep con- stant vigilance lest vertical gusts of wind sweep the airship upward or pound it toward earth. The recently developed stub mast, which solves that_problem, has its own disadvantages: ficult to maneuver the ship to the moor- ing position. The telescopic mast has been designed to meet the objections of th. It raises its head 70 foet, a height con- :lderz?“ -dml us for an easy moor- ing, then n| om‘umered the safest height from which a big ship can ride the air while at- tached to a mast, Alrships not only offer possibilities for cutting days from transoceanic voyages, but new devices being perfected to facil- itate their handling will cut the time the ocean traveler must walt for his ship to dock. Stairway In Dirigible’s Nose. The transoceanic aisship passenger may climb a stairway in the nose of the dirigible, walk out on a gangplank swung down like a hinged doorway, and alight on the mooring mast's platform. An elevator will wait to lower passengers to the ground, while the airship's crew completes the mooring operation. The dirigible Los Angeles, using equip- ment now available, has achieved a “fiying moor” to a stub mast in 15 min- utes. New equipment is expected to cut that time considerably as well as reduce the size of the ground crew. Under ex- tremely unfavorable conditions, the dir- igible required an hour for the op- eration, but even an hour is less time than required by ocean liners maneuver- ing m“!}\elr plers, The projected telescopic mast will be mounte% o}'\ a triangular frame equipped with caterpillar-like wheels. Navy ex- perts hope to be able to attach future airships to the mast while they are still in their hangars, tow them onto the fleld, swing them into the wind and per- mit them to ride in safety until Yy take off. Predictions Are Risky. Comdr. Garland Fulton of the Bureau of Aeronautics, who has had an active part in the mast development, says that although predictions are risky, it is hoped that future moorings of large ships can be mwmp}:shed with ground crews of 150 men or less. “The development of nfilhfl:z equipment to handle big dirigibles remove a great obstacle to their suc- cessful use for military and commereial purposes,” Comdr. Fulton says. WLEX IS PLANNING AVIATION BROADCASTS Maj. R. G. Ervine Signed as Editor by Station—Flyers to . @o On Air. BOSTON (#).—Aviators are “take to the the air” in & new Boston. Station WLEX at %m- gurating service with a new A has signed up an aviation editor and announced plans for special broadcasts on aviation by flyers, in addition to other aviation features. Maj. R. G. Ervine, general manager of the Curtiss Flying Service in New England, a former lar Army offi- cer, is the aviation editor. One of his dutles, station officials announce, will be to see that celebrities in the world of aviation who arrive in Boston go on the air promptly through the WLEX transmitter. ‘To facilitate this arrangement a fly- ing field adjacent to the station is be- ing prepared for the benefit of aviators. In addition, the station plans to carry regular broadeasts of aviation news, flying weather forecasts' and, through its editor, will answer ques- tions about flying. IMMIGRATION BY AIR FORESEEN BY OFFICIAL Labor Department Already Taking Up Issue—Expectations Are Outlined. “In five years we -emet a for- midable amount of h:x‘:i’cn n to come by air,” Mr. Husband told the.Lehigh Airports Competition, which sought his advice on correlating the functions of the American airport with those of his department. “The majority of these foreign air travelers,” he continued, “will be busi- ness men and tourists, whom we clas- sify as temporary visitors. Undoubtedly there will also be a small number of immigrants who wish to remain. Their entrance will, of course, be regulated by the immigration laws.” el SO R Omaha Port to Start Soon. Construction work on the new Omaha municipal al will be started soon. Hni‘h ;l m}lllon lr‘p%mn . hl]lbbeen'mmr aval le for a levelopment pur- poses and a Federal airport expert has assisted in selecting a site. Actual plan- ning and construction of the rt has been placed in the hands of a com- pany specializing in airport engineering lfledeum' n:‘hmug;"' l{wp' .tm:rswfi- plete ni equipment - cluded in the plans. Protect Your. Gears A The Correct Lubrication ‘for the Gears. Ebonite is cant in two grades. EBONITE-T for” the- transmis- sion _gears, gear - shifi amazingly easy, in all seasons, at all speeds.. EBONITE-R for_“fear axles® cushions these important gears, and saves repair bills. EBONITE (Combination of Pure Oil) ; 20 Cents a Shot At Filling Stations and Garages. BAYERSON OIL WORKS Columbia 5228, cientific gear lubri- | ineers are developing a telescopic mooring mast for dirigibles. Comdr. Garland Fulton (inset) says the Navy engi! best features of the recently developed stub mast (right) and the widely used high mast (left) are combined in the new GERMANS MOOR PLANES IN WAY TO RESIST WIND ‘When Left on Open Fields They Are Fastened by Tail Skids for Safety. Planes which have to be left in the open alr subject to high winds are being moored by the tail skids instead of fac- ing the wind on fields operated by the Deutsche Luft Hansa European lines as a result of studies made by the German Aeronautical Testing Institute. During the Summer of 1928 8 num- ber of cases occurred in which planes left on open fields were torn from the old type of moorings and were dam- aged. Under the new system the tails of the planes are faced into the wind, and the company expects to reduce the danger of damage. In moorings of this kind, it was stated, the rudders must be firmly fixed and the plane tied down by the tail skid alone. The theory is that on account of the negative angle presented by the wings and tail surfaces in the reversed position the plane will be pushed agatnst the ground rather than lifted by a hori- zontal wind. Cowboy Quits Ranch To Manage Airport; Gets Pilot License LAREDO, Tex., (#)—From cowpuncher to airport manager in eight months is the record of James Kelley, new manager of Laredo’s airport. Kelly deserted his branding irons last Summer, after & life- Satity hi uree o By & pien, sal urge to fly & plane. He took 100 hours of instruc- tion and won a license as & lim- ited commercial pilot. ‘The Sioux Falls, dedication of the September 15, tion ceremonies. . The airport will and other facllities available. nnouUncin P . e o ven H“ Performance, Comfort & Qu ual FULL, S1ZE This is Plymouth’s * National Display and Demonstration Week_ PLYMDUTH now shows the public some- thing new and nlmer unconventional in even higher stan of performance, comfort and quality. Today's improved Plymoath has longer stroke; much heavier crankshaft; much larger main bearings and connecting rods; a full- re lubricating system of new design— and other Chrysler advancements that have a brilliant new c?;ct on Plymouth performance. Inaddition, rubber-insulated engine mount- ings, silcrome exhaust valves, aluminum |NEW AIRPORT UNDER WAY. 8. Dak, Chamber | of Commerce is laying plans for the ty's new municipal airport, scheduled for completion about There will be a program of races and contests, with prizes for the winners. The Army and Navy will send planes and personnel to mssist in the dedica- 400 acres in area, with hangars, lhopsl one under construction. The drawing (center) shows the top of the mast in detail, with its passageway for passengers to 40 feet, which is | from the airsh “MAIL PLANE COMING,” SIREN INFORMS CITY Blast Gives Plenty of Time for Chattanooga to Hustle Its Letters Along. By the Associated Press. CHATTANOOGA, Tenn., April 20.— An electric siren to notify air mail pa- trons of the arrival and departure of mail planes has been installed at the Hotel Patten here, Operated by wire through a telephone switchboard at the airport, the siren is sounded here 15 minutes after the de- | parture of the northbound plane from Atlanta, warning that there is yet time | get it aboard. The siren is blown again 20 minutes before the ship reaches here to signify that only that much time is left in which to dispatch mail to the plane by special messenger, ‘The same signals are repeated for the southbound plane. Alrport officials say they hope soon to make it possible for the pilots of the .::i 1‘ljml.l planes to sound the siren by radio, be Son i AN alloy pistons, body impulse neu- IMPORTANT NEW FEATURES Increased Engine Stroke and Piston displacement. Heavier Crankshaft. aner Main Bearings and Connecting ods. New Design Full-Pressure Lubricating stem. Improved Sicering Mechanism which mflmrb: road shocks malTr r':cu- mitted to the steering wheel. Greater Economy of operation and upheep. New Self-Conforming seat cushions. New Spring Colors—and a number of other highly scientific new Chrysier engineering refinements. H. B. Leary, Jr. & Bros. Execittive Offices and Service 1612-22 You St. N.W. Salesrooms—1612-22 You St. N.W., Connecticut Ave. and Que St. N.-W,, and 10th and H Sts. N.E, Used Car Salesrooms—1321-23 Fourteenth St. N.W. tralizerand otheradvanced features contribute largely toward making Plymouth’s performance so con- sistently and delightfully smooth. Already famous for comfort, the full-size Plymouth is now still more comfortable. Its wide, deep seats with self-conforming cushions give you “easy-chair” repose. Plymouth radiates the charm of Springtime colors that enhance its crisp smartness of line. The obviously greater quality and value of theimproved Plymouth are apparent in every phase of its appearance and behavior—in its greater interior roominess and comfort—in its ter economy of maintenance and ope: tion—and in its greater stamina and long life. Equally obvious is the greater safety of Semmes Motor Co., Inc. RAPHAEL SEMMES, President 613 G Street N.W. 8 Dupont Circle to post air mail at the post office and | FEATURES FUEL STANDARDS RAISED FOR PLANES Specifications in Use for 12 Years Will Be Replaced " on May 1. Delivery of aviation fuel to the Army replacing those in effect 12 years will begin on May 1, the Navy Department has announced. ‘The present Federal fuel specifica- tions for gasoline, under which all Gov- ernment fuel purchases have been made since 1917, were drawn up by averaging the characteristic values of all the available aviation gasolines. The en- gine compression ratios in use at that time were low and detonation was non- existent. There was no need for in- cluding & detonation determination in the specification. Insist on Tested Fuels. ‘Today 5.5-to-1 compression ratios are common and the trend is toward higher compression ratios, the detonation point of the fuel being the limiting factor, the Navy Department stated. Realizing this, the Navy Bureau of Aeronautics took steps two years ago which resulted in placing & provision in the Federal specifications covering the establish- ment of an accepted list of approved gasolines. Prior to the publication of the Spring schedules of delivery for East Coast gasolines this year, the bureau sent to some 50 refiners a letter informing them that it would be necessary to have their fuels tested before their bids would be considered. In response 21 gasolines were submitted by 16 different refiners for the required tests, the main feature of which was detérmination of the anti- knock value and detonation tests in a variable compression engine. Minimum Standard Fixed. ‘The average highest useful compres- sion ratio found as a result of these | tests was 5.5 to 1, which was established as & minimum standard for domestic aviation gasoline. This standard will enable the Navy to purchase a gasoline capable of use in standard 5.5-to-1 com- pression ratio engines without “doping.” In addition to the improved anti-knoek | qualities of the fuel higher volatility is | shown, which is expected to result in | better starting properties and even more power distribution. It is believed that the gasolines pur- | chased under the new specifications will reduce the maintenance problem in the ‘fleld by nvln" longer engine life be- tween overhauls. i o Construetion of the new Wayne County (Detroit), Mich., lh:)ort is | scheduled to begin soon. The develop- | ment, to cost $2,000,000, will embrace | 40-acre tract of land with all faeli- | for a class AlA airport rating. and Navy under modern specifications | FIELD TO BE DEDICATED. Columbus, Ohio, Afrport Ceremo« nies Set for Date in May, Port Columbus, new municipal alr- . port at Colurabus, Ohio, will be dedi- cated late in May or early in June, ' upon inauguration of the Transconti- nental Air Transport, Inc., coest-to- coast air passenger service. The Columbus airport will be the Eastern terminus of the plane service, where passengers will change from plane to train to continue their trip to New York, 'HANDLING OF FLARES CHANGED BY RULING | New Regulations Are Designed to Safeguard Flyers Making Emergency Landings. As a result of reports that fiyers forced to land at night in unlighted fields have been subjected to undue hazards by the improper use of emer- gency landing flares, the Department of Commerce has put into effect a rule designed to establish a standard and efficient system of warning and “flaring ;‘;I‘(’i’:” pilots at official intermediate Flares are to be placed so as not to be obscured by nearby obstructions and shall be at least 100 feet from any red obstruction light, it is ruled. When two flares are used they are to be placed 50 feet apart at right angles to the course. Caretakers at the fields are to be held responsible for the proper timing of the flares. Signal flares are to be displayed 20 minutes before the plane is due and to be continued 30 minutes after the plane is due unless it is known the plane has landed else- where or passed over the fleld. In case of dangerous weather condi- tions ahead, the caretaker is directed, in case the plane passes a stop flare signal at his field, to call the next two lds ahead to put out emergency stop APPOINTED MANAGER. Henderson Heads Air Show Bection of Aero C. of C. Clifford W. Henderson, director of the 11928 Los Angeles national air races and aeronautical exposition, has been ap- pointed manager of the aircraft show a>ction of the Aeronautical Chamber of Commerce. The organiation also has established a distributors’ and dealers’ | section, representatives of which will serve on the show section. Henderson will be in charge of the 1929 air races and exposition, to be held in Cleveland August 24 to September 2. He is 32 years old and a graduate of the University of Southern California. He was in charge of the fleld arrangements at Santa Monica, Calif., for the start and finish of the Army round-the-world flight in 1924. : that create her Standards i» P s ity Plymouth—made certain by the itive, instantaneous control of its full-size Chrysler weatherproof internal-expanding four-wheel hydraulic brakes. ) Coupe, $655; Roadster (with new ra- AMERICA’S LOW FULL-SIZE Skinker Sal " This is Plymouth’s National Display and Demonstration Week. Make it a point to examine and drive the improved Plymouth. h rumble seat), $675; 2-Door Sedan, $675; Touring, $695; De Luxe Coupe (with rumble seat ), $695; 4-Doer Sedan, $695. Al prices f. 0. b. factery. Phmouth dealers extend the convenience of time payments. PLYMOUTH EST-PRICED CAR 281 Motor Col, Inc. les and Service 1216 20th St. N.W. Main 6660—Night Phone, Main 1943 Open Sundays and Nights Phone Decatur 4640