Evening Star Newspaper, April 10, 1929, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR . With Sunday Morning Editien. WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY.....April 10, 1920 THEODORF W. NOYES Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office 11th St. and Pennssivania Ave. ork g e fllm}'n"fl‘x@n 4 Regent ‘B¢, Tondon. rrier Withi 3 (when & Sundass) . 60c per month The Evening and Sunday Star (when 8 Sundays) The Sunday Star . lection made ©Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone Main 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 88 .1 800 + 40c fly and Sun only B B Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is cxclusively entitled o the use for republication of all news dis- tehes credited to it or not otherwise re per and he local news . All rights of publical hes herein are also reserved. Mr. Stimson's Diplomacy. Secretary Stimson has confronted the first test of his diplomatic skill and met it astutely. The Curtis-Gann so- eial precedence issue, which the new Becretary of State found on his desk along with the Mexican revolution, the I'm Alone imbroglio and other momen- tous foreign affairs, threatened endless embarrassment for the State Depart- ment. It involved not only such intrinsic merits as it possessed, but it conjured up the possibility of requiring Secretary Stimson to reverse his predecessor, Sec- yetary Kellogg: As both Secretaries were Hoover administration cabinet of- ficers, a situation arose in which the administration might have to eat its own words, with the world at large as enlookers, during the first six weeks of its existence. It was not a heartening set of circumstances. Then came Henry L. Stimson, pano- plied in the talents of an Alexander, and cut the Gordian knot. The Secre- tary of State, in courtly language, af- firms that while Mr. Kellogg “correctly stated the custom which has prevailed during recent years, neither Mr. Kellogg nor any other Secretary of State has intended to make any official ruling as to the precedence in which American officials and their wives should be re- ceived within the homes of the mem- | bers of the diplomatic corps, but that such decision rests wholly within the discretion of the members of the corps themselves.” In other words, says the suave and ghrewd Stimson, Mr. Kellogg was quite right in explaining that Mrs. Gann, ac- eording to tradition, :s outranked at diplomatic functions by wives of Am- bassadors and Ministers, but any place assigned to her on such occasions is not a matter which can possibly keep the State Department awake .at nights. Secretary Stimson does not content ‘himself with this adroit and impeccable presentation of the battle of the cen- tury. In a priceless passage of the same note, addressed to the British Ambas- sador as dean of the diplomatic corps, he adds: “Any courtesy which members of the corps choose to show the Vice President and Mrs. Gann will be most agreeable to me.” Mr. Stimson has recently been so- Journing in & part of the world where “saving of face” iz the most revered of all diplomatic arts. He apparently mastered well the delicate niceties of accomplishing it. He has “saved the face” of Mr. Kellogg. He has “saved the face” of the State Department. He has “saved the faces” of Vice President Curtis and his official hostess. He now jves the diplomatic corps a graceful pportunity of “saving face.” e distinguished and discriminating “gentlemen of, the corps will not fall to note that word “courtesy” in the Stim- son communique to Sir Esme Howard. There’s the milk in this cantankerous cocoanut. Showing courtesy to the offi- clals and governments of the countries to which they are accredited is the first law of foreign diplomats. It is alto- gether inconceivable that they will with- hold from the Vice President and his sister the courtesy at which Secretary Stimson, with Chesterfieldian charm, deftly hints as the golden bridge to breach the Curtis-Gann chasm. Diplomacy is not a lost art, even in this prosaic day and Capital. And Henry L. Stimson seems to be its prophet. ——.———————— A very old man, Hindenburg, holds the German presidency. Wisdom would be more secure if those who have ac- quired it could endure indefinitely through the’ years. ———— e Prohibition may cause international eonversations. Old John Barleycorn was ever loguacious. ——— o Long of Louisiana. Louisiana's House of Representatives has impeached the governor of that Btate with a single article of accusation. ‘There was a long list of offenses against the commonwealth to be charged by the impeaching body, but the House had to content itself with this single ftem because of the lapse of time. The Legislature had been called in special session by the governor for a purpose of his own, with a time limit on its sit- ting. The impeachment movement thus eame swiftly to a head, and, despite the desperate maneuvers of the governor's partisans, it proceeded to the point of a formal charge. This single article, which was chosen in view of the limited time available as the one most defi- nitely susceptible of proof, relates to the - attempted coercion by the governor of , & Baton Rouge publisher, the allegation being that Gov. Long sent word to the ' publisher that if the latter did not obey | executive orders he, the governor. | broadcast—as he did subsequen that the publisher's brother was inmate in an insane asylum. The items, which had to be discarded juse of lack of time, were of & much graver character than this, but were not so clearly provable. ? This case against the Governor of ! Touisiana, following so soon after the | tmpeachment and conviction of Gov. i their administrators. In this instance Long canvassed the State on much the same sort of platform as that of “Bossy” Gillis, who became mayor of Newbury- port, only later to be jailed for contempt. Some very strange creatures get into public office in waves of emotionalism and, it may be, in moments of careless- ness on the part of the electorate. Looking back over the campaign con- ducted by this vigorous, unconventional and decidedly indiscreet executive of Loulsiana, the happenings of his period of office holding have not been really surprising or out of character. In his canvass for votes he raged up and down the State with wild accusations against snin, | those whom he regarded as the oppo- sition, the conservative element of the State. He promised sweeping reforms and’ a liberal program of public im- provements. He was elected and very | soon the State regretted its choice. Now he is to be tried on one charge out of a score, and if the sentiment of the State Senate remains unchanged he will be convicted and removed. It will be interesting to note whether, in the course of this trial, anything relating to the discarded charges for which there was no time for consideration by the House of Representatives will be admitted to evidence. If so, this trial will be one of the liveliest and most | sensational in the history of American | political jurisprudence. ——————— e The New York Fare. New York's straphangers, millions of them, will continue to pay a five-cent fare. The Supreme Court of the United States has turned down the suit of the Interborough Rapid Transit Co. to compel a seven-cent fare. And to the | straphangers the denial of the higher rate of fare is the immediate gain. It has been estimated by no less a per- son than Mayor Walker that the re- tention of the five-cent fare hassaved the straphangers eollectively some $30,000,000 & year. For those who travel in the subways of New York at the rush hours in the morning and evening there is still the problem of more adequate trans- portation facllities in the gleater city. Life is a struggle. But in the subways | it becomes a batitle. The victory is to the strong and the weak are out of luck. New York's transportation prob- lem grows and grows. The sooner the | transportation companies and the Tran- sit Commission of New York get down to brass tacks and work out, harmo- niously if possible, a general and all- embracing system for the betterment of the transportation facilities in the me- tropolis, the better for the public. ‘The decision of the Supreme Court attacked the procedure of the Inter- horough company, which filed suit in! the Federal court instead of taking its case into the State courts. It reversed the decision of the lower Federal court. But at the same time it declared that | | there was no justification for a demand | |at this time of a higher rate of fare by the subways and pointed out that a demand for an eight per cent return from the subways was preposterous under all the circumstances. It denled | the justice of including the operation | of the elevated roads with those of the subways in making a rate for the sub- ways. ‘The decision of the Supreme Court had also its bearing on New York City | politics. Former Mayor John F. Hylan, | whom Walker defeated four years ago, has announced his candidacy for mayor. Mr. Hylan has fought consistently for the retention of the five-cent fare. Had the fare now been raised, the issue ‘would have been to his hand. He has charged that Tammany was seeking to barter away the interests of the people. Now, political wiseacres in New York insist, Mayor Walker appears certain of renomination and re-election. Mr. Hylan, however, insists that he will continue his fight to oust Walker and Tammany from control of the affairs of the greater city, declaring that the big issue of the mayoralty campaign will be “Tammany’s alliance with the | underworld and the extravagance of the | city administration.” | John H. McCooey, the Democratic | leader of Brooklyn, who supported Hy- | lan in the campaign in 1925, when he | was informed of the decision of the} Supreme Court, said that it meant the re-election of Mayor Walker and an- nounced his support of the mayor. Brooklyn, he said, would give Walker a one hundred thousand plurality. So, it appears, New York is not only to have "a continuance of the five-cent fare, but also, by the grace of the Supreme Court decision, a continuance of Mayor “Jim- my” Walker. e et A little fog does not disqualify an airport site. A good aviator knows how to observe the weather conditions. SR Council and Chesf 1t is important that Washingtonians | interested in the effective development of welfare activities in the District of Columbia realize the difference between the Community Chest and the Council of Social Agencies, which has just held its annual meeting. | The success of the Community Chest | has been great, and so much attention has been focused upon its effective ac- | tivity that there is great danger that it will overshadow the Council of Soclal Agencies and that confusion may exist in public understanding between the functions of the Community Chest and | the Council of Social Agencies. The Council of Social Agencies, it| should be understood, is entirely sep- arate from the Community Chest, al- though co-ordinated with it. It is a federation of both public and private welfare organizations, ‘devoted to the prevention of duplication in human service, the development of teamwork, the improvement of methods, securing | of fundamental facts regarding social conditions, the allocation of responsi- bility for specific work in specific agen- cles—through co-operative discussion and agreement between the represent-’ atives of its member organizations. While & considerable number of the are not members of the Community Chest, and should not be members, The council, as & matter of fact, shouid in- in its membership all of the agen- t its and other activities which | $600,000, not need funds from contributions, | the Bast Side, soon to be and all public welfare activities which are financed through tax ‘The planning of community welfare is a matter of the co-operation of all forces concerned in human service and can be made effective only if every agency legitimately concerned in such service in Washington shares in planning and in c>rrying out those plans. The Community Chest, as & matter of fact, has developed out of the Council of Social Agencies, whose committee on co-operative finance began in 1927 the studies and discussions which have ‘re- sulted in the successful organization of the chest, The Community Chest could not ade- quately perform its function of effec- tively collecting and spending funds if the function of the councll were not performed in some way. If there were no council, the chest would have to develop some mechanism for the con- sideration of standards, of methods of planning, of fact-finding, etc. This would be less effective than the present arrangement, because the Community Chest at its utmost extension can only incjude in its membership those agen- cles which are concerned in joint finance, while the council can, and should, include all agencies legitimately engaged in human welfare activities. To the council the chest must look for information regarding the developments which should take place in social wel- fare in Washington. The Community Chest finances the council. On the other hand, the council gives back this value many times over through the in- formation it is able to secure as to the proper ways of carrying on social work and through the improvement of meth- ods which it makes possible. The day of individualism in charity and social work has gone forever. The modern community i8 too complex and its problems are too varied for any so- cial agency, whether public or private, to carry on its work without reference to the other social agencies. All-inclu- sive community planning is necessary to meet adequately the human needs of the Nation’s Capital. The Council of Social Agencies is the logical expres- sion of this principle in the fleld of dis- cussion, fact-finding and plan-making. The Community Chest is the logical answer to it in the field of the collection of funds. Only when each of these co- ordinate organizations has as an active participant in its work one hundred per cent of its potential eligible mem- bership will Washington be in the posi- tion to make the concerted drive which it should make for the best possible conditions of life for all of its citizens of all races and all creeds. o Airplanes are making s bid for pas- senger service, but they attempt no re- duction in rates that will relieve the patient commuter. —r—————— Explorations continue to reveal an- cient glories which made a royal tomb of little more importance than a safety deposit vault. ————r————————— Theater traffic has been regulated in New York in & manner which takes care of automobiles, but not of ticket speculators, ————————— ‘Washington, D. C., is visited dally by many tourists from all parts of the country. “See America first” is & call to be taken seriously. Mexican rebels are typical of the spirit that makes men willing to fight rather than work. A lamb in Wall Street is the pet of the broker—up to the time when the killing is due. o SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Back to Bill. I sought to be a poet fine And so I learned to quote All faithfully, line after line, The things Bill Shakespeare wrote. | T sought to be an orator, And made my listeners note My great appreciation for The things Bill Shakespeare wrote. We have the “Willies” every day. We argue and we vote. The best of all we have to say Are things Bill Shakespeare wrote, Holding ’em in Line. “However do you manage to hold your constituents in line?” “By means of the social instinct,” answered Senator Sorghum. “For some mysterious reason everybody likes to shake hands.” Jud Tunkins says you can give ad- vice that you are sure is for the best. But, in most cases, it's about as wel- | come A & spoonful of castor oil. “Howdy!” ¢ How do you do, this April day, As temperature you note? Your new straw hat do you display, Or wear an overcoat? Thrift. “Are you & wet; or a dry?” “I'm a dry” answered Uncle Bill Bottletop. “I am plously convinced that anybody who hasn't been provident enough t6 have licker in his own cellar deserves to go thirsty.” “Great wealth,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is too often made the means to great unhappiness.” No Rest. My Radio! My Radio! You make me tired by night; ‘Then wake me up by morning's glow To start the day aright, “De wust case of ingratitude I knows of,” said Uncle Eben, “is dat of the hoss dat I polished an’ fed foh weeks, an’ den bet cn.” ——aon— Sometimes They Do. From the Springfield, Ohio, Daily News. Up in Massachusetts they are nlmlns pledges to abstain from liquor for 3! days—something that is very easy to % dou!-hl}w"fl]mfidfltfi”xl’l. e A Long Ways to Go. From the Springfield, Mass,, Republican. With a new ,000 subway on under i New York's undercity growth will caf up & bit with the growth of its under- world. s N Summer Recruiting Made Easy. ¢ which ‘make up the Community any other private social work which are' ‘Communtty Chest Prom ier-Journal.. ¢ S ‘There is a early certain expansiveness about an lm that creeps into the blood of even die-hard persons who assert that they like Winter best. As it any one could lke Winter better than Spring! Some one has said that one of the pleasures of being ignorant is that you don’t have to put the windows up in cold weather; one of the benefits of honestly and openly, to put up no bluff at liking the cold months best. ‘There is now no necessity for claim- ing to like the ‘“keen, invigorating winds” of January, when one is bathed he mildness of April. 1f it gets as hot as Summer, so much the better! A little discretion will more than enable any one to meet Summer temperatures Ir; ezn:m:me. And see how much the grass and the flowers appreciate the warmth! ‘The very trees are In leaf, to wave a welcome to the season beloved of the ; but the point is that all men are poets in the Spring. All men become lovers and so poets, when Nature begins to clothe the world irnguen, that curious color at once likable and unlikable, In leaves and grass it is one of the most beautiful of all colors, but in flowers it is sickly and unappreciated. It does not take much yellow to make green ugly; yet what 18 prettier than shutters of dark green against a clean white house? Probably the secret of a good green is a close adherence to Nature's pristine tints. Where she leads, man may well follow. * kK X Men as well as women are interested in the “sun tan” vogue which has slow- ly been creeping over America.” ‘What a curious phenomenon! Once upon a time only farmers, trap- pers and other outdoor men were tan- ned; in many circles a sunburned skin ;::r looked upon as a badge of rough Then the automobile came and with it what might be termed an automobile civilization. Some hardy wag has even gone to the extent of saying that Ameri- cans have become h:gyy and wealthy by _selling automoblles to one another. result of this movement—among its many resuits—was to take millions jof Americans into the open spaces on holidays, Sundays and vacations. Coincident with the automobiles came their mass production, which economists believe also partly responsible for in- creased wealth. And where there is a distribution of wealth leisure becomes better distributed, too. * ok k% More leisure for the masses of the people, with the colleges placing em- hasis upon sports, has coming fashionable. Sun tan is the mode, and whether one 8o accepts it, or sturdily insists that he always liked it, the fact remains that to_be sunburned today is “the thing.” It used to be a standard Washington joke that many Government employes spent their vacations in their own back yards, securing a “seashore tan” by pouring water on their faces and arms and sitting out in the sun. ‘Today no one feels called upon to go through such & maneuver; every one {is out in the sun as much as possible. Golf, fishing, home gardening—these and other sports take every one into the sunshine. During such days as have graced the BY FREDERIC Although congressional pessimists fear the special session may drag its hot and weary length along until September, | both House and Senate are wondering what's really going to keep them busy all that time. President Hoover's mes- sage will ask Congress to do only two things—enact farm relief and moder- ately revise the tariff. The ways are already greased for relatively speedy action on both matters. The farm bill will go thrbugh not only first, but more act. But when the House has sent both the agricultural and tariff bills to the Senate, where do Nick Longworth's little playmates go from there, while waiting for the upper branch to act? And how is the Senate going to put in its precious time after passing the farm bill and while waiting for the House to send over the tariff measure? The House thus far has organized only its agricultural and ways and means com- mittees. Theoretically, it isn't prepared to tackle anything but farm and tariff business. There is a batch of minor bills which might be adjudged part and parcel of the general farm program. It's suggested that these would be ap- propriate time-fillers and time-killers in the House. ‘And there’s always the base ball season. . _As the Senate is a continuing body, all of its committees will be organized at the outset of the special session. The new chairman of the all-powerful committee on committees is Senator McNary, Republican, of Oregon, whose relief bill. Senate committee assign- ments are greatly coveted, especially the ones that carry with them cer- tain recognized social opportunities. These, in the order of their social rank ~the thing that nowadays counts so much in Washington—are the commit- tees on foreign relations, naval and milif Chairman McNary Republican places on the blue ribbon foreign relations committee. One is the chalr left empty by the retirement from Congress o?’ former Senator George P. McLean Connecticut. The other is the additional place created by increased G. O. P. representation on the commit- tee. The Senate's newest comer, Gov. Henry J. Allen of Kansas, Presi-~ dent Curtis’ successor, is unde; to have his eye on the foreign relations 1 committee. * k ok * s ‘The new Senate list counts up 56 Re- publicans (including Vare of Pennsyl vania), 39 Democrats and 1 Farmer- Labor (Shipstead of Minnesota). As- signments, in the case of committees of ordinary size, will be in the ratio of 9 Republicans and 8 Democrats. In some of the larger committees, like foreign relations, appropriations, agriculture and finance, the ratio will be something like 11 Republicans and 9 Democrats. That's about as equitable an arrange- ment, based on the political make-up of the incoming Senate, as it seems pessi- ble to work out. It is reputed to have the approval of Senator Joe T. Robin- son of Arkansas, Democratic minority leader. One cannot overestimate the ce of congressional commit- tees. The floors of House and Senate are where the talking is done, but com- mittee rooms are where the work is done. Nine times out of 10, what com- mittees do today, House and Senate confirm wmg.r;ow, w'l'll'n‘!l‘!'l encu"y’ what is about to pen regard relief and tariff revision. * kK Ok Representative Fred S. Purnell of In- diana, ranl Republican member of the House 'tural committee, says it's as to write the new farm bill. “All we have to do,” he explains, “ig to take the Kansas City platform, tack on & few passages from and there you are.” * K K K Senor Dr. Moises Saenz, undersecre- tary for Idmhfl&p in the u:mn‘ B m- set of :‘ ":llh'lwlnd arranged by the mln‘ eunmm e committee on cul relations mittee has led to sunburn | quickly than the Hawley-Smoot tariff | name once again will adorn the farm | itary ago has'14 applications for the two vacant farm | isl .uuu!alp.ech,lddanen-‘ fi";'f" t;‘l.folumhh for the l;nn month ature been extreme! erous M Yord ok is 2 bl word of warn neasonable therefore to all those who would blindly es) al pring, wl?l! mu{t in nvem es to many persons, The le‘ummtlon of the skin volved the process of tanning is simply a reaction of Nature to protect the sensitive vessels and tissues lying immediately below. Those who tan readily derive the most benefit from sunburning; this is a matter of common observation, but there is satisfaction in knowing that :nhfdlul practitioners say the same ng. ‘The real vogue for sunburn had its o1 in Switzerland many years ago; bathing in the sunshine was evolved into a regular. practice. Junior’s “sun suit,” with its straps and not much else, is merely an adapta- tion of the nudity of the European sun bathing places. * kK % Man, in turning to the sun, has merely lined up with plant life at last, after flowers, grasses and trees have been steeping themselves in sun- light for centuries. for little chil- If sunshine is dren, the dictates of health and fash- ion com 3 is_even better for plants of all sorts. Tiny seedlings of the annuals, just breaking the soil, put forth their little leaves in full confi- dence that this great warmth is good for them. The rays of light, even more than the warmth, do precisely for plants, al- though In another way, what they do for human cuticle, for it is the light, rather than the heat, which causes the beneficial pigmentation. We have previously discussed here the startling growth of the peonies, but fully as interesting is the great stride made by many an annual, as those flowers are called which grow up from seed, blossom and die in the year. He who plants a garden and over- looks the annuals just because they are common is doing both a great injustice to himself and his garden, for nothing in plant life gives greater rewards for time and money spent on them than the annuals. LR Perennial plants may be called the permanent plants of the garden, and their use as a background for annuals may be advocated, but<they should not usurp the entire space of any gar- den, however formal or informal such may be. Space should always be left for such annuals as the petunia, zinnia, snap- dragon, marigold, alyssum, larkspur, to name only a few of the best known and most standard. | Many amateur gardeners, after a sea- | son or two, affect to despise the com- mon things, forgetting that in most cases they are common because they are the best. A beautiful garden could be had with nothing, more than petunias and zinnias, | both of which have undergone remark- able improvement during recent years. Pew people know that some 50 to varieties of each may be secured from up-to-date growers. Thess annuals are necessary in the gardens of all who believe in sunshine, for they represent, the ultimate action and reaction of sun and created things. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS WILLIAM WILE. use it before an audience. of the public school nationally regulated Mexico, throws | graphic light on the neighboring re- | public’s effort to grapple with its ter- lflfic illiteracy, problem. An American educationalist who introduced Dr. Saenz at a meeting in Washington declared ’th'. Mexico today is probably tackling |{the elementary school problem with | greater efficlency and zeal than any ' other country in the world, * ok kX One of President Hoover's bosom friends, Mark L. Requa of California, happens to be in the very thick of the pending | tween the administration and the ofl in- | dustry. Requa is not only a director {of the American Petroleum Institute, | which proposes the curtailment of | production pronounced violative of the Sherman anti-trust law, but is also its only living honorary member. That distinction was bestowed upon Requa in token of his services as general di- rector of the oil division of the war- time United States Fuel Administration. Perhaps it will fall to his lot to build the bridge for an entente cordiale be- tween the oil industry and the Gov- ernment. Requa is temporarily pitch- | ing his tent in this part of the country. * ok ok X | There's not only “a little cabinet” in ‘Washington, but also “a little Con- gress.” The latter consists of secretaries of members of the House and Senate and of congressional committees—an uncommonly potent group of young | men and women. One of their shining | lights, Peter F. Snyder, has just been promoted to the executive end of Penn- sylvania avenue. For years Mr. Snyder was clerk to'the House committee on immigration and naturalization. Snyder has now been made assistant’ to the Secretary of Labor. He is a native of St. Louis County, Missouri, and the son of a union printer, surm‘.:'fi life 25 years as a printer's devil. Snyder was editing a country newspaper, the twice- a-week Kelsonian at Kelso, Wash., ashington, broug! tional Capital in 1914 secretary. A graduate of Georgetown Law School, “Jim” Davis’ new lieutenant was executive assistant to Everett San- ders in 1924 and to Walter H. Newton in 1928, at the Republican speakers' bureau in Chicago. (Copyright, 1929.) Island Universes Found by Scientists BY E. E. FREE, PH.D. * Even universes seem not to like being lonely. In the vast depths of space outside the solar system astronomers have discovered more and more distant groups of stars called “nebulas.” Many of these are spirals, like giant pin- wheels; many of them so vast that light rays, moving at the enormous speed of more than 186,000 miles a second, need thousands of years to travel from one side of these spirals to the other side. These spirals are some- times called “island universes,” for each close cluster of stars with relatively empty space between the clusters, ands in an empty sea. Our own sun, it is belleved, is one of the stars in such an island universe, al than th¢ average and wi see well, since we are inside it looking out instead of outside it looking at its iwhole. In one direction in the in pelago. But that is not Harlow Shapley and Miss Adelaide Ames of the Observatory have discovered that- distant universes are not distributed 60 | At least to “stop him"” with a strong His account | rogram, which is | conservation controversy be- | of them is apparently a more or less| g ‘Politics at Large By G. Gm}d Lineoln. Former President Calvin Coolidge has yet to cleat up the mystery whether had he been nominated for President at Kansas City last June he would have sccepled or rejected the nomina- tion. In an article appearing in the current issue of the Cosmopolitan, en- titled: “Why I Did Not Choose to Run and What I Did to Stop My Nomina- tion,” Mr. Coolidge in no place answers this question which vexed politicians up to the very opening of the Republican national convention, during the con- vention, and which it now appears will not be answered unless the former President writes smother article deal- ing with the matier. * K kR Mr. Coolidge has stated in the Cos- mopolitan why he did not choose to run and what steps he took to prevent his nomination. His reasons for not choosing to run for President in ‘1928 ranged from & desire to protect the health of Mrs: Coolidge to his belief that & man caunot successfully serve as President for a period of more than eight years and the fact that those|to Presidents who have served eight years | an have been able to accomplish little of & constructive nature in the latter part of thelr term of office. Mr. Coolidge apparently did not answer even in his own mind the question as to what his course would be 4f the convention should stamipede and nominate him. He did determine, however, by sending word through his secretary, Everett Sanders, to leaders in Kansas City, that he would prevent his nomination. The expression of his wish to these leaders, according to Mr. Coolidge, prevented his nomination. Had he not adopted this course, he would have been nominated and elected, he has since been told. * kK x Nowhere in his article does the for- mer President say that he favored any articular candidate for the nomina- lon. In fact, he gives the impression that he kept a hands-off policy abso- lutely. Mr. Coolidge's estimate of the value of presidential primary elections, which are held in many of the States, and their effect on the delegates is not without interest. He belleves that the | national convention picks usually the man who has made the greatest pop- ular showing, unless there develops some disqualification which bars him. President Hoover easily made the strongest showing in the presidential primaries of any of the men who were | candidates for the presidential nomina- tion. The same, by the way, was true of the Democratic nominee for Presi- dent, Alfred E. Smith. The difficulty of preventing the nomination of a candidate who has made a strong showing through the instrumentality of | hlc}ln‘ a large number of “favorite- son” candidates was emphasized at| Kansas City, and the former President called attention to this tactical mistake. It is necessary to beat a strong candi- date with another strong candidate, or candidate in order to make possible the selection of a compromise candidate. * o x * Some of the politicians in Washing- ton are wondering today what signifi- cance, if any, may be attached to Mr. Coolidge’s statements in the Ccsmopoli- tan so far as his own future course may be concerned. There is 2 group who be- lieve that Mr. Coolidge, who is now only 56 years cld, may well be picked as a candidate for President in the future, provided circumstances develop that make & demand for his nomination. And there arises in their minds the old question as to whether the former Presi- dent, if the nomination had bezn handed to him at Kansas City, would have turn- ed it down. They are pointing out, too, with an interim of four or more years, | Mr. Coolidge would go into the White | House without the handicap, if it is ! one, of having had an immediate pre- | ceding term as Chief Executive. It is | clear that Mr. Coolidge does not con- sider that a President who succeeds | to the White House while Vice Presi- | dent is serving a “first” term in the | | sense that it would be a violation of | { the “third term tradition,” or that the | | country would so construe it. 1 In the ordinary course of events, if | | President Hoover gives a successful ad- | ministration, he will be renominated by | his party for the presidency in 1932.]‘ And, judging by the way the President | has taken hold of the office and his capacity for dealing with public and governmental questions, he will be re- nominated, and, if times continue good, bar Mr. Coolidge from the presidential nomination for at least eight years. By that time he will be 64 years old, by no means a great age, but he might not care to undertake the arduous work of a national campaign or the heavy duties of President if he were again elected. Speculation continues to run regarding the possibility of Mr. Coolidge’s becom~ ing a nominee for Senator next year, to succeed Senator Gillett. It would be in keeping with his long career as a | public servant. But there are many who believe he would not care to run for | the Senate or to serve in the Senate. He has indicated that he wished to retire to private life and to take up his part in the life of the country as a private citizen. * k k% Five days from now the Seventy-sec- {ond Congress will convene in special ses- sion. It will be President Hoover's first opportunity to deal with the Congress as Chief Executive, Upon his success in bringing about the adoption of his legislative program in this session of Congress may hang many things, in- cluding his renomination in 1932. The prospects for legislation in line with the proposals which the Hoover administra- tion will make are good. The farm bill will be put through in conformity with | Mr. Hoover's recommendations, when | they are submitted to Congress, it is freely })reflichflt There is likely to be more of a struggle over the tariff. It is easy for blocs to form, composed of | members who are willing to support the demands of each other in the matter of tariff increases. ‘Mr. Hoover, it has been said clearly, is not in favor of al | general or drastic increase in the tariff schedules. It now appears he will have the backing of a majority of the House ¢ ways and means committee in his po- sition with regard to the tariff. That committee has great ‘weight in the House, and as it dralts and reports the bill to that body, so it is likely to pass. * ok ok X Opinjons differ as to the probable length of the coming special session of Congress. The more optimistic say that it will end by July 1 or July 15. Sena- tor Watson, the new Republican leader of the Senate, is inclined to believe that the session will run until September 1 or later. If the program is confined, as now planned, to farm relief and tariff revision, with the census and re- ills and possibly “’t‘l“l; in July. If, however, there should be other matters taken uj session doubtless be consider- ably prolonged. There in some it to the Senate a gflofl m‘l the Root formula, so- it ok B will be re-elected. That would seem to | Pal ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Nr‘ Q. At just what time did Spring be- gin this year?—E, M. A. The sun “crossed the Equator” at 9:35 p.m. March 20. e Q. I notice that many of the securi- tles of a large investment house are ad- vertised in the Washington papers at cut rates, often on the same page with ma oflnn":l t:!:ztuemenu of th:.hl;ouu ering at par. Why re- duction in price? Why should any one wishing to buy these securities deal with the firm direct when he can buy so many of its issues from other brokers at cut rates?—T. E. L. A. The Better Business Bureau of ‘Washington, D. C., says “this situation is brought about by the fact that tifese securities are not listed and there is no established market for the sale of them. Persons who buy these bonds from the issuing house and then desire to dispose of them are generally forced 0 to a dealer in unlisted securities sell them below par. The dealer will then advertise these bonds in the local newspapers. It is correct that & person buying these bonds through un- listed dealers in many instances obtains the same bonds that they would have g\;rrct'nmd from the issuing house ect.” Q. What is & cachou?—R. 8. A. It is an aromatic sweetmeat in the form of a silvered pill, used for giving an agreeablg odor the breath. Q. What Swedish prince, an artist of fame, has never sold a picture?—R. B. A. This is said of Prince Eugene of Sweden. Q. Is there a new motion picture showing the American Flag Code.—P. N. A. The film “Old Glory,” released by the American Legion through its film service, at Indianapolis, shows the es- sentials of the history of the flag and | the Flag Code. Q. How many bands were there in the inaugural parade?—A. G. R. A. There were 38 bands, including | Con the fife and drum corps. Q. How many first-class restaurants, cafeterias and the United States?—E. W. 8. A. The Lewis Hotel Digest there are 19,000 high-class restaurants and 22,300 high-class cafeterias. Tea rooms and lunchecn rooms in depart- ment stores throughout the United States number 6,400. Q. Who named the entrance to San P’rlncb{;o Bay the “Golden Gate"?— M. A. ‘The name was given to this chan- nel by Sir Prancis Drake about 1578. Q. How much pressure will an egg stand when it is on its end>—N. B. A. When an egg is placed on either | end it will stand a pressure of from 20 to 40 pounds. Q. Of the coldiers in the Marine Corps who take up aviation, how many qualify as pilots?—W. C. M. A. During the past year, 60 per cent of the officers who studied aviation qualified as aviators, and 30 per cent of the enlisted men qualified. Q. Does any proper name of pure Indian language begin with the letter “B"?—C. E. A. A great many American Indian languages do not use the sound of “B.” The famous Aztec language of Mexico does not have it and the majority of North American Indians are unable to prg:ouncz, the mur;: However, some Indian languages have the for example, the Jamez tongue of New Mexico has a perfect “B." d in Cali Warm Tributes 'I’l that | fornik the Pomo Indians, the most ex- ‘hunz mker;k in the world, have good example of & proper name beginaing with “B” is Bagil, a woman heroine in Pomo mytiiology, aboui whom storles are told. Her name is pro- nounced Bah-geel. Q. Why does a hot-water freeze before & cold-water nlpe?—c’.u: T, A. Hot-water pipes are re| to burst from freezing more o than cold-water pipes. This is not because of a difference of freezing point of the water, but is probably because the water in cold-water pipes contains dis- solved air, which separates on freezing and forms slushy ice; while when water in a hot-water pipe freezes, it is more apt to become undercooled and then freeze rather ruddenly, forming com- pact ice, free from bubbles, which is more apt to break a pipe. Q. How long is the Erie what did it cost?—FP. L. S A. The total length of the Erie canal is 340 miles. The canal proper is 122 miles long, 150 feet wide and 12 feet ?n!:leldln:hm];l l:nflt of construction, a $175.000500 , amounts to about Q. When was the s 1 “ . " was prod Candler Theater lnm? zl:‘-uds;m' t}ée Harrls), New York, August 19, 1914, Q. Is there an English Summer re- sort known as “Westward Ho"?—E. 8. A. Westward Ho is & small seaside village in the Barnstable parliamentary division of Devonshire, England. Of modern growth, it takes its name from a famous novel by Charles Kingsley. Q. When Mussolini first considered writing his autobiography, what title did e plan % user—n. 3. s S Al Setee the Street to Fowers T T Q. If an inventor sells or assigns an invention before it is patented, lf:n its new owner apply for the patent?— D. M. M. A. In each case application for | patent can be made only by the actual | inventor, if living, regardless of the ownership of the invention. | Q. When was our system of decimal | coinage adopted’—S. D. G. A. The of decimal coinage was adopted April 3, 1792, by an act of gress, | = | Q. What is considered & good day's run_while touring in an automobile?— | tea rooms are there in ' S. C. | A. 1In 1928, the average day's mmn was 234 miles. Anything over this could be considered a good day's run. Q. What proportion of chickens and turkeys is edible?—K. P. A. For chickens, before fattening (roosters) 51 per cent of live weight; after fattening. 58 per cent of live weight: hens, before fattening, 70.59 per cent of the dressed weight; after fattening. 71.40 per cent of the dressed weight: turkeys, 66 per cent of the | dressed weight. Q. How many Mexicans speak Span- ish?—H. D. 8. A. The Mexican embassy advises that of the 14,000,000 people living in Mexico, 12.000.000 speak Spanish. Fully 50 per cent of those speaking<Spanish | read and write it as well. The remain- ing 2,000,000 speak a dialect and in this group very few read or write either Spanish or their dialect. Q. Were the Pilgrims, who came over in the Mayflower, men of advanced years or were they young?—L. T. A. The average age of the Pilgrims, with the exception of Brewster and his wife and Carver and his wife, was probably less than 25 years. Willlam Bradford, their governor for so many | years, was then only 33; Edward | Winslow, a subsequent governor, was then 25: Miles Standish was 36, John | Alden was 21, Gilbert Winslow was 21, iV?r‘alhn Howland was 27, and Samuel Place Herrick Among Nation’s Great Envoys Qualities which made firm friends of both nations and men are a ted universally in estimates of the career of Myron T. Herrick, whose recent death in office as Ambassador to Prance fol- lowed exposure at the funeral of Mar- shal Foch. His simple method is called the highest form of diplomacy. “The tributes of loving admiration id by Prance, by the United States, by Ohio and by Cleveland are pald with greater devotion because the lamented Ambassador always put duty and coun- try above personal safety or bodily strength,” says the Cleveland News, which also finds ‘“comfort in the knowledge that his spirit enabled him to enjoy life so well toward its close, though his strength was no longer ro- bust, and his determination to do his utmost for both countries left him little opportunity to consider his health.” “Born in & log cabin and sent into life's battle as a youth, with no re- sources save his own courage and talent and integrity, he forged his way from meager schooling to liberal culture, from poverty to wealth, from a peddler's cart to a governor’s chair, to an Am- bassador’s fame, to a place at the helm of history, to a noble seat in the ad- miration and affection of two of the earth’s great peoples,” according to the tribute of the Atlanta Journal.. The Tulsa World states that “his service stands out for real diplomacy, for can- dor and courage and a 1 degree of intelligent devotion to every duty”; that “his career was typical of the t de- velopment of American manhood.” * & ¥ x “An American business man, who happened to be Ambassador to France,” recalls the Cincinnati Times-Star, “rose to a great emergency. He caught the spirit of France toward an invader, but he applied the methods of organization that had brought him recognition as a man of business and affairs back in Ohio. The result was that when the exigencies of politics caused him to re- turn to the United States he received, as it were, only a leave of absence from France, Within a few years he re- turned and remained to die among the French people, whom he loved so well.” With a tribute to his heroic qualities and recognition that “in both public and private life Mr. Herrick exempli- fled gentler traits of kindness, sympa- thy and understanding which won all hlendru," L_;_l; San Antonio Express eg.:- cludes: “The good diplomat’s most im- portant work deals with intangibles. Years after the husbandman has passed it comes into full fruition.” 3 The Davenport Democrat sees three ictures of the Ambassador—the man “who refused to leave his in the face of threatened caj lew days ago.” “‘between the Charleston Evening Post, “without seeking any diplomatie triumphs or statesmanlike achievements, and that, perhaps, is the can render.” sees in him “an American of the best type"hwho “cgrnnmnndedThl;apect ‘wher- ever he was known.” it paper re- cords that “several Presidents offered him honors,” and the Pittsburgh Post- Gazette recalls that “three Presidents had offered him cabinet _Ksu." ‘while “it was left to President ft to place him in the position in which his high- est fame was achieved.” “In France the death of Mr. Herrick has released a volume of affection that Americans rarely can command.” states the Chicago Tribune, “and, though his- torians still must decide whether the late Ambassador caused America's en- try into war against the central pow- ers, the French at least hold him in that regard. The outbreak of the World War gave him & chance to serve the France he loved so well. His sym- thies and his influence in Paris and ‘Washington, like those of Page in { America's entrance on the side of the | allies.” | “His was a nature finely attuned to the requirements of a delicate situa- tion,” in the judgment of the Butte Daily Post. “Tis sensitive and wholly |tactful gestures at his official post | evoked only admiration and esteem in the republic that is peculiarly noted for its adherence to social amenities and whose very religion is courtesy.” * ok ok ¥ “It somehow seems appropriate that, in his old age, he should have died in the service he had adorned and among the people who loved and appreciated him,” remarks the New York Evening World, and the Charlotte Observer ex- mfl the thought, “No doubt the ent, with the aid of Secretary Stimson, will be able to select an Ambassador of quality, but that he will secure a man who will improve on the service rendered by the late Ambassa- dor is a matter of doubt.” “Mr, Herrick might have been a powerful figure in national polities,” the Pasadena Star-News believes, “had he consented to become active in that fleld. But he would not capitalize the fame he won abroad as United States Ambassador.”" Baker Medal Award Brings Forth Praise Prom the Roanoke Times. a board that he be awarded Distinguished Service Medal. The recommendation was sub- sequently renewed by the board after Mr. Baker went out of office and this week President Wilson's War Secretary came to. Washington to receive the medal from Secre! . | The award, says ths accompanying | citation, was made for “exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services.” The American people will heartily con- jcur in the foregoing estimate of Secre- 1 tary Baker's splendid record as head of 1 the great war machine that recruited, organized and put into the fleld in an amazingly short time the most formi- dable army in all _F;ob.hmy that was “Throughout the war Tvices inestimable tion adds. | London, were contributory, at least, to_ ‘