Evening Star Newspaper, March 22, 1929, Page 8

Page views left: 0

You have reached the hourly page view limit. Unlock higher limit to our entire archive!

Subscribers enjoy higher page view limit, downloads, and exclusive features.

Text content (automatically generated)

THE EVENING STAR., WASHINGTON, D. €, FRIDAY, MARCH 22, 1929.° THE EVED VING STAR |in May will suffice to give Mr. Ramsay | an average speed of more than 61 miles. With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY.........March 22, 1920 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Emwnsu:.:eov;:pr Company 11th 8. Pennsyivania A New York Office: 110 East 42nd Ghiesss : Lake Miehigan Building. ropesn it Regent €L London. England. Rate by Carrler Within the City. The Evening Star ... .. 45c per month The Evening and Sunday Star (when 4 Sundays) ... 60c per month The Evening and Sunday Star (when 5 Sundays) 65¢ per month The Sunday Star .. Sc per €op: Collection made at each month. or telephone MacDonal¥l seats enough to entitle his| At no time did Miss England show her | party to another lease of government such as it had for a precarious period in 1924. But that the present strength of, roundly, 400 Conservatives, 155 La- borites and 45 Liberals will be radically changed is a foregone conclusion. Mr. Lloyd George bounds into the picture with undiminished buoyancy. With a fascinating flair for the polit- feally popular, the little Welshman seeks tc capitalize Britain's chronic un- employment problem and industrial de- | pression for the Liberal party's pur- | poses. He has apparently taken a leaf out of the American notebook, or at E:nv and Sund: ails onir nday only All Other States and Canada. ! Pays end Sunda: . s only aily only Sunday only .. Member of the Associated Press. s0c iated Prese is exclys) entitled | for republication of ata- ches credited o it or not otherwise crede in this paper and siso iocal news published herein. All riehts of publication ef special dispatches herein are also reserved. —_—— Uncle Sam Sells His Ships. The United States Lines, pride of the | Amorican merchant marine, and the | American Merchant Lines passed into ! the hands of private American citizens vesterday with the signing of the sales | contract transferring ownership and | operation of the Leviathan and ten other fine ships from the United States Shipping Board to the newly formed United Siates Lines, Inc. Thus is cnr-£ ried one more step toward completion | the policy laid down by Congress nine years ago, which has as its aim the creation of an adequate merchant ma- rine “ultimately to be owned and oper- ated privately by citizens of the United States.” This policy has been an expensive on2. The shipping industry is highly competitive, and the odds have been against Uncle Sam. But the only al- ternatives have been to spend money through Government operation and Government subsidy, or to see the American flag at the mainmast of ships ‘which sail the seven seas displaced by the flags of our foreign competitors. ‘That could not happen. Money has been rolling out of the pockets of American citizens to keep the ships afloat. But the ships are afloat, and the sale ratified formally yesterday indicates that the development of the American merchant marine has reached a point where American citi- wens are willing to invest their private funds in an undertaking which they be- lieve will be successful. In the last few years the Shipping Board has trans- ferred seventeen ship lines to commer- cial concerns for guaranteed operation in shipping lanes where no American- flag ships sailed before the war. That Justifies heavy expenditures. The price paid for the Leviathan and the ten ships included in the sale is something more than sixteen million dollars. But the terms of the sale are more interesting than the nominal pur- chase price. Under those terms the newly formed corporation is pledged to build two ships, at a cost of not less than twenty-five million dollars each and of forty-five thousand tons dis- placement, which will be placed in oper- ation by February 13, 1932. Under the Jones law the purchasers will be able to borrow up to:seventy-five per cent of the construction cost of the vessels, and Tepay the loan at low rates of interest. As distasteful as the word seems to be, the virtual Government subsidy involved in the sale of the ships is a necessary feature of the policy by which the United States Government hopes to get out of the shipping business, but, at the same time, will assure the success of the shipping business in the hands of American citizens. If the experiments now under way in private ownership and operation fail, governmental subsidy will necessarily become Government ownership and operation. —————— In Mexico when a -court-martial is required instructions are issued to arrange for photographs before and After the execution; which sounds both business-like and prophetic. o The British Elections. Great Britain on May 30 will indulge herself in the luxury America biennially enjoys, viz, a ‘“general election,” at which a new House of Commons is chosen. John BulVs parliamentary sys- tem differs materially from our own. Under his unwritten constitution a “general election” must take place mot less infrequently than every five years. An election may be held at any other time whenever Parliament is disselved by will of the sovereign or when a gov- ernment “falls,” retiring from office be- cause of the cabinet’s inability to com- mand a majority in the Commons. The election to occur two months hence ensues by reason of the statutory limit of the existing Parliament’s dura- tion. Premier Baldwin's present tenure dates from November, 1924. The May battle in the British constituencies is to be & three-cornered affair. There is| every prospect that it will be cu]orlul.‘ A trio of doughty antagonists will lead | the rival p'lr!ln. Mr. Baldwin will | command the Conservative forces, which are bent upon retaining power. Mr. Ramsay MacDonald, captain of the now second most powerful parliamentary group, the Labor party, will essay an- | other thrust for ascendancy in West- | minster and Downing street. Mr. Lloyd | George, at the head of a militant mi- nority, has hopes of achieving at least & balance of power, which would give his Liberal cohorts a coalition value which neither Conservatives nor Labor- ites would scorn. This week five bye-elections—pollings | constituencies which are to fill in vacant Commons seats—are being held | in England. They are looked upon as| curtain-raisers, designed to show the likely course of events on the general election stage in May. All the bye- elections are in divisions now held by Conservatives. In two of the three already held the Conservatives have won, & Liberal winning in the third. The Conservatives freely admit that their present unwieldy majority in the presidential campaign. “Abolition of poverty,” which the | eradicate joblessness by a huge program | of public works, to be carried out with borrowed government capital and with no incidental increase in taxation. Con- servatives and Laborites denounce the Lloyd George plan as impractical, and even as absurd, but the former pre- mier's vote-making talents, plus a catchy platform, are not underestimated. strange to hear of agricultural distress as a political issue. Yet this year it ex- ists, Perhaps somebody will cable Mr. Lloyd George a tip to dangle @ Mc- Nary-Haugen bill before the embittered and embattied farmers of the English Midlands, Scotland and Wales as a win- ning election battle-cry. {tried in America and has worked. S lEighteenth Amendment Questions. Some attention is being given, in quarters of opposition to the eighteenth constitutional amendment, to the con- tention raised by members of the Rhode | Island Legislature that the amendment | is invalid because it was not submitted to constitutional conventions in the | regarded as offering material ground for attack upon the validity of the pro- hibition enactment, inasmuch as the Supreme Court has already upheld the amendment. The point remains merely a matter of somewhat interesting dis- putation, though in point of fact there is not the least ground for it in the Constitution itself. The method of the Constitution, which provides that amendments “shall be valid to all in- tents and purposes, as part of this Con- stitution, when ratified by the Legisla- tures of three-fourths of the several States, or by conventions in three- fourths thereof, as one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by Congress.” Nothing could be plainer than that it is for Congress definitely to prescribe, a8 between these two, the method of ratification. The Rhode Island argu- ment fails for lack of any evidence that it was the intention of Congress, when submitting the amendment to the States, that ratification should be by convention rather than by Legislatures, which had previously been the uniform method of State approval. In comnienting upon this point re- cently Senator Borah, himself a believer in and supporter of the eighteenth amendment, has declared that while there is nothing to the Rhode Island objection there is a point that might have been raised effectively against the amendment if advanced in season. That is that the inclusion of the seven-year clause invalidated it. This clause, pro- viding that the amendment must be ratified within seven years after sub- mission to the States or fail of effect, was inserted into the joint resolution in the course of its passage through Congress at the instance of opponents of prohibition, who believed that it would be impossible to obtain ratifica- tion from three-fourths of the States within that period. To their amaze- ment and discomfiture, however, the amendment was ratified within a year after its submission. ‘There is nothing in the Constitution either to permit or to prohibit the im- position of a time limit for ratification. It the amendment had been ratified by the affirmative vote of a thirty-sixth Legislature, making three-fourths, after the expiration of the seven-year period its validity might have been questioned. And by the same token the validity might have been claimed on the score that Congress had no right to prescribe a period of limitation. That-question would have been settled by the Supreme Court, and it is impossible, to say with certainty what its decision would have been. But the amendment having been ratified well within the seven-year period, the limitation clause was merely an act of supererogation, of no moment, and no bearing upon the validity of the amendment. PO Political fortunes vary and Trotsky refuses to be discouraged so long as he has with him his trusty typewriting outfit. The pen was proclaimed mightier than the sword and the typewriter may prove mightier than the machine gun. — - £ A Hollow Victory. Maj. H. O. D. Segrave goes back to England holder of the world’s speed record on land and water, but it Is probable that the water championship is of small value to the daring British sporisman. Maj. Segrave was beaten yesterday in the second heat of his challenge race with Gar Wood, yet, by a system of scoring which is difficult for the layman to understand, he was accorded victor over Wood because the American pilot was forced out of Wed- nesday's heat. By winning on Wednes- day the Britisher received 400 points. Wood did not finish, so received no points. Wood won yesterday and ac- quired 400 points, while Maj. Segrave was second, thereby earning 361 points, giving him a total of 761 against 400 and the award of the championship | trophy. ‘This holiow victory is undoubtedly as disappointing to the Britisher as to the Americans who had hoped that Wood could retaiy the title. One of the finest sportsmen of the age, Maj Segrave can find little satisfaction in showing a high speed in. one heat. of only 61 miles an hour and finishing the second ‘House of Commons is doomed. It may not be entirely wiped out, but its re: duction to a level of cquality with La- bor s more than a possibility. There “mastoadl Ukeliiood that Lehotite gains miles and finished yesterday's hest &t dr heat at an average of only 42 miles when the Wood boat, while it was in commission on the first day, roared around thé course at better than 65 ratification is prescribed in articie V of | heels to Miss America VII. As a matter of fact. Woud literally ran away from the other boat as long as his craft wa: | functioning, so that being acclaimed th | victor under these circumstances is { probably not at all to th# major's liking. | Although the Britisher has given up high-speed automobile racing—and, he | can well afford to, having set the rec- | ord beyond the reach of any present- | day motor car except his own—he has | specifieally stated that he would indulge | in speed-boat competition for his hobby. | Under these circumstances it may rea | sonably be expected that some time in Y {least out of the one which served Her- . the future he and Wood will put on bert Hoover so effectively in our 1928 another bout for honors in the realm | |of King Neptune. The boating world ,will await with interest their next en- | President hoisted to the mainmast, is | counter. |the flag Mr. Lloyd George intends to | | fiy in Great Britain. The Liberal leader | calls his plan “Elimination of Unem- | 7% | ployment.” Like Mr. Hoover, he would | SO e Capt. Joe Judge. Probably no action that Walter John- better satisty | thousands of Washington fans than the | Appointment of Joe Judge as field cap- i tain of the team, except, of course, to | bring in the Washington club on top I'of the heap next Fall. A star of the | first magnitude—In fact, rated by some as premier first baseman in the game— | Joe Judge has year after year per- {son could take would In highly industrialized Britain it s frmed valuable service for the team.| [Always a three-hundred hitter, or close {to it, and one of the most graceful flelders known to organized base ball, | Judge has earned the respect and ad- { miration of the thousands who journey [ to the Seventh street ball orchard. | By his new appointment Johnson has It has been |SAtisficd not only the fans but the play- | ers themselves. If a vote were taken among the players for the most popular man, Judge would unquestionably score a large majority. He is “one of the boys” {to the players, and they not only re- ispect his ability, but solicit his good will, weeks before the new season opens, and to the rabid base ball fanatic life is just about to become worth while. To this States. This objection, however, is not | type of fan nothing else matters until | the base ball season is on and the Winters are spent in contemplation of what the next year may bring forth. Washington has & good ball club for 1920—fast, aggressive and above the average in skill-and with Walter John- son managing and Joe Judge captaining harmony of the winning sort should be | the order of the day. R The violin is an instrument which attracts the mind engaged In abstruse thought, Thomas Jefferson drew the melodious bow, and so, according to modern report, do Einstein and Charles Dawes. o Diplomats have apparently little in- terest in prohibition. They may yet awaken to the glory which awaits co- operatiort in arranging for a strictly non-alcoholic world. oot Horseback riding is Senator Borah's favorite exercise; one which might excite the envy of the Prince of Wales as he learns of the Senator’s ability to stick on. LA TR ‘Tammany again makes it clear that “the interest in local New York politics is stronger than any sudden interest in national affairs. o ‘The only objection to Mount Weather appears to be in the fact that in so comparatively low an _altitude. the weather cannot be guar&nteed. —————— King George is able to sit up and take notice, and give some valuable advice as new hands assume the reins of government. o An Antarctic expedition discovers new territory which as yet offers no temptations to the realtor with a genius for subdivision. —————————— SHOOTING STARS. . BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Fisherman. ‘The fisherman I must suspect Of certain mild duplicity. He finds his toll he must neglect For sportsmanlike publicity. He wields a rod and line so stout And often ineffectual— And all the time, he thinks about Some problem intellectual. Correoting a Rumor. “I heard that you intended to give up polities.” “You have it wrong,” answered Sena- tor Sorghum. “The rumor was to the effect that politics was about to give me up.” . P Jud Tunkins says after seeing a lot of beauty contests, all girls begin to look altke. The Grand Holiday. The bird may sing, the bee may hum, As Spring resumes her rule, And even then a Frost may come ‘To murmur, “April Fool.” No Playful Occupation. “Does your wife play bridge?” “No,” answered Mr. Meekton. - “She's one of those experts at the game who make hard work of it.” “A wise man,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “takes care of himse)f, but realizes that he cannot do so with- out taking care of others.” Radiology. My Radio! My Radio! Another payment's due. You are—TI hate to call you so— My “Radi-I-0-U." “When it comes to hittin’ de mark of prosperity,” said Uncle Eben, “de crap shooter generally turns out to have a purty poor aim.” . A Welcome Burden. From the Helena, Mont., Record-Herald. A banker refers to our billion surplus of gold as a “white elephant.” It would be no trouble at all to be re- lieved of the burden. EESt L A Job for Col. Stewart. From the San Diego Union. Now that our retired great men are going in for literature, Col. Stewart of Indiana might get a job with a con- fessions magazine. ——— Dressings Trade Plaaes. Frorn ihe Louisville Times. In ‘he modern drug store the surgical dressing is now secondary o the Aressing. Pl —B b It is only a little mote than three | ] i | Despite the progress made in the art and science of radio broadcasting dur- ing the past decade, only a beginning !has been made in the presentation of music to the publie. Much has been done, but more can be achieved, since the opportunity s endless and the capacity of the Ameri- can people for the absorption of music seemingly limitless. So far the broadcasting units have confined themcelves to certain well ! known compositions, mainly on the two-fold basis that such numbers are not only great, but well known. Familiar compositions “go over big." Old-time tunes make a hit with pecple of a certain age, but with all tvpes of persons the best liked thing is the most familiar. That is why “re- quest” programs are so popular. * ko Yet it remeins true that novelty has its place, not only in news, books and life, but even more so in music. The new thing must be good, of course, but with so much granted it is undoubtedly so that novelty often entertains when standard merit becomes boresome. * It must never be forgotten that radio is educating millions into an apprecia- tion of music. There are certain musi- cal numbers, both instrumental and song, which ought to be known by every one. When onee known, however, they can be played and sung too much, and, alas. | heard too often Thus the well worn classics, such as Beethoven's popular “Minuet in G,” or Mendelssohn’s “Spring Song,” as it is called, may be heard too often. o w Why infinite repetition leads to sur- feit in music is something of a mystery since one might think that if there were any medium in the world wheve boredom would be lacking it wonid be in music. Yet, because music is based solidly on human emotions, it runs the risk of straining them. The powers of musical appreciation of the individual .may be likened to a rubber band, which, stretched too much, begins to lose its power. Some musical natures are very thick, heavy bands, which no amount of use can thin. These persons are fortunate. Ordinarily they delight in iistening to the old tunes, and can stand an un- limited amount of repetition. Perhaps they do not listen to music as much as some others; these others are often like fine-spun elastics, which suffer much from too much handling. These latter musical' temperaments must have something new constantly. No matter how fine the old is, the new intrigues something in their minds aid hearts. Composers belong to this latter classi- fication. They are always composing, writing new songs. The grand masters never rested satisfied with one sym- phony, but ever went on to new ones. Sousa, when he had composed “The Stars and Stripes Forever,” perhaps the greatest single march ever written, kept on incessantly writing marches. * k% x ‘The sclence and art of broadcastipg, | ceaselessly pouring music into the ears | of the Nation from a thousand points | every day, must take into account more | than heretofore, we believe, the neces- #ity for constant variation. | | BY FREDERIC David Lloyd George has taken a leaf out of Herbert Hoover's 1928 campaign book. One of the President’s big talk- ing points was the “abolition of pov- e verge "ot aniing e approaching verge - 0! .the approaching British general election on a libera! platform adorned with a rose calied by inother name, but smelling as sweet— limination of unemployme; Soon after Hoover was elected last November it was revealed that one of his principal remedies for joblessness is ‘“stabiliza- tion of prosperity” by ci ng out com- prehensive schemes of seasons of .widespread " unemployment, The President identifies himself with the theories expounded in “The Road to Plenty,” the arresting book recently written by William Trufant Foster, econ- omist, and Waddill Catchings, fina cler. Lloyd George thinks John Bull's chronic unemployment situation can be cured by a vast program of national road-building, financed with Govern- ment -funds, on lines almost identical with the Foster-Catchings plan which extorted Hoover's indorsement. Y ‘With Congress about to vote farm re- lief, it's timely to note the extensive aid the Federal Farm Loan System is al- ready rendering to alling agriculture, It is set forth in the annual report of the Farm Loan Board. Under the vig- orous direction of Eugene Meyer, farn loan commissioner, the entire system during the past two years has been re- organized, with beneficial results to the farmer, as well as to_the Treasury. Public confidence in the system has been increased and supervision of the land banks has made more ef- fective. Special emphasis is placed on the last-named phase of the work, be- cause examinations constitute the prin- cipal channel through which weaknesses or lmpmger conditions may be discov- ered and corrected. Since Congress created the land banks in 1923 they have advanced to farm co-operative marketing associations, upon warehouse receipts or shipping documents, $266,- 409,125. With renewals of original loans, a total of $426,706,350 was advanced. Altogether g5 “co-operatives” were as- sisted, accounting for a membership of 1,250,000 individuals and representing cotton, wool, wheat, rice, beans. tobacco, fruit, vegetables and miscellaneous crops. R Like lesser mortals, Herbert Hoover now and then sends his hats to be blocked -and cleaned. At present the Pregident literally has one of his lids in the dry dock—the silk topper he wore on_inauguration day. It's the one he bought in California for the South American good-will tour—the same that was drenched sopping wet during the drive up and down Pennsyl- vania avenue on ch 4. Evidently to insure its getting back to the White House, Mr. Hoover autographed his name inside in indelible pencil. The | chief engineer wears a 7' size hat. He | hasn't needed a bigger one since last November. * ok ok X Former Senator Atlee Po.nerene, Democrat, of Ohio, is still convales- cent at Emergency Hospital, Washing- ton, following a protracted illness with an annoying internal complaint. He was seized in Washington early during affairs connected with the wind-up of the Government's oil prosecutions. If President Hoover is planning to put some distinguished Democrats on the law enforcement inquiry board, Pome- rene is considered an ideal choice. Out in Ohio he is credited with wet in- clinations, though not of the moisture of those with which Al Smith et al. are identified. * ok kK The big brondeasting systems, like private enterprises in general, keep | reaching out for men who've made their mark in Uncle Sam’s s°rvice. The other day the Columbia chain drafted Sam Pickard, former Federal radio commis- sioner and Department of Agriculture official, and made him its vice president. Now the national chain has elected !T'rank M. Russell, assistant to the for- mer Secretary of Agriculture, William M. Jardine, one of its staff of vice presi- dents. Russell, known because of his old-time newspaper affiliations as “Sooop,” will be stationed in Washing- ton as “contact” and “policy” man for the National Broadcasting Co. He fis jan Towan and was brought to the salad ' Capital by the late Henry C. Wallace, | Seczetary of Amxiculls in the Haxd- THIS AND THAT. BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. WASHINGTON OBSERVAT: lic works in | the past Winter, when here on legal | ‘Take the music of Ethelbert Nevin, for instance. One can hear too much 1 of his “Rosary,” or his “Day in Venice” suite. Did he never write anything eise? One might think not, if left to jlldge} solely from what he normally hears over the radio. The other night we were | utiterly surprised to hear the announcer declare that an orchestra was going to play Nevin's “Country Dance.” Being an ordinary radio listener, with !no partcular mugical training, we had | supposed that Nevin had never written | | anything else. Yet here came a really fine thing, a delight to hear. Once having broken Nevin ice, as it | were, the station on several Iater oc-| cesions added Nevin compositions never | olayed before over radio. EREE /This would seem to be essential, if steady broadcast listeners are not (o be | moved to.musical tears. | No agency whatever in the whole his- | | tory of music has had the opportunlty‘ of ‘diversified programs to the extent which the broadcasting stations enjoy,‘ for the simple reason that no other agency has ever pounded away at the | cars of the public so many hours a day, | month after month, year after year. In the days when the great German masters were turning out their wonder- ful compositions a concert was a state affair. The court attended to hear new compositions. The. royal patrons wanted something | new! EEE trictions may interfere. be | Copyright | in some cases, but this can scarcely the case with the older masters. | " While there must continue to be a | basic course in musical appreciation, in- | | cluding the standard great works, to be sent out by the broadcasting stations caselessly, there should be given with it, and side by side, a continuing course in musical discovery. | The radio presents today the only | means whereby most of us may hear | the other compositions of the musical | great. Let us have all of Nevin! Surely he wrote much fine music, as yet un- | heord except by a few students. | He is as yet too little appreciated by | the American public at large. Born near Pittsburgh, in 1862, and educated “n Dresden and Berlin, Nevin became | connected with the music department | of Yale University, but his life was cut | short in 1901, | What treasures of melody were lost! Radio may do a great service to musical America bv presenting all of his work to the public. ‘r * K kX To date only a beginning has been | made in this delectable field. Many a | composer is known to the great radio | audience by a few of his compositions | only. | The radio public has tasted his music, | that is all. It has been permitted to | nibble a bit at it, but the real feast of musical reason and flow of musical soul | has not been given to it. | When the broadcasters turn to this 1uhue of the matter with the energy | which they have shown in other de- | joaq partments, the listening public will be given all of a comvoser, not just some of him. Then we will kr. -~ whether Sir Ed- ward Elgar wrote re than “Pomp and Circumstance. d Kettelby any- | Monastery Gar- INS || thing else besides . den.” WILLIAM WILE ing cabinet, as director of the depart- ment’s news service. Russell recently loomed as a possible Assistant Secretary of Agriculture. * ok ok ok This observer has excellent reason to believe that tiie question of diplomatic prohibition immunity is by no means to be regarded “a closed incident. The impending session of Congress may wit- | ness an explosion, with the Siamese | legation episode fresh in mind. The subject has already been bitterly raised on Capitol Hill. In the Senate Blease of South Carolina, brought it up 2 couple of years ago, and in the House Representative Celler of New York trotted it out last year. Celler, who is a wet of wets, attempted to extort some chapter-and-verse statistics as to the exact number of cases of liquor which Washington's corps of 500 or 600 | diplomatic folks is bringing in from time to time. But the State Depart- ment, which is the bulwark of legation and embassy. rights, advised both the customs division of the Treasury and the Prohibition Bureau that it's a mat- | ter into which thirsty Americans may | not pry. * kR x From the press of the Pan-American | Unlon in Washington comes a trim little 60-paged pamphlet entitled “Ad-| dresses Delivered During the Visit of Herbert Hoover, President-elect of the United States, to Cefitral and South America, November-December, 1928.” A Spanish-Portuguese edition of the amphlet is also available. The book: et begins with thes address of welcome of Foreign Minister Coello of Honduras, and ends with the response of Mr. Hoover to the address of President Pereira de Sousa of Brazil. All ac- counts agree that Hoover’s welcome in Brazil outshone in warmth, splendor and magnitude anything he encoun- tered on either side of the Equator. Rio de Janeiro was the onmly capital vitited tn which the ministrations of secret service men were dispensed with as far as the safety of the American President-elect was concerned. (Copyright, 1929.) Lo OPR 18,549,511 U. S. Women Gainfully Employed You understand why business and | professional women feel that they have a right to their “week” when you read their record. In the United States some 8,549.511 women are gainfully employed. They jare found in 537 out of 572 listed oc- cupations. In addition to the usual enterprises women also are found as designers, draftsmen, inventors, chem- { ists, metallurgists, dentists, aviators and theatrical producers. More than half of the women at work i | | | | are in the businesses and professions. They have 960 clubs aligned in the Natlonal Federation of Business and| Professional Women's Clubs. They - have 436 educational loan funds. They | +have two slogans: “At least a highl| | school education for every business |girl,” and “Every business woman a {saver.” The ldtter means thrift. Women are invading politics. Mary | Anderson of the woman's bureau, United States Department of Labor, summarizes: This year finds eight women in Con- gress instead of four as at last session. | The names of 146 women will be car- { ried this year on the rosters of 38 State | . Legislatures, which is a gain of 17 over | the record established in 1927 antl 1928, | { when 120 women served. | For a good many years there has been an argument whether women be- | longed in the business and professional | world. ~Both chivalry and prejudice | | have often denied them entrance. But the argument is closed. The women have ended it. Whether men welcome them or not, they are definitely a part of the pattern of work. And to that pattern they add golden threads of | idealism and devotion.—The Portland | Oregon Datly Journal. EEma The Way of All Flesh. From the Worcester Daily Telegram. It is & man with a true understanding of life and philosophy who notes that {Hoover’s Oil Policy Critie | leasing act. | agricultural overproduction by “giving | the air” to the homesiead law, thus de- +|men like Senator Watson assumed the when you lose at poker everybody loves you, but that when you lose at bridge 1 Replies to Col. Requa| To the Editor of Tha Star: | Interviews have just appeared in your | columns between the undersigned and | Mr. Mark L. Requa and your contrib- | utor, Frederic William Wile, on the subject of President Hoover’s ofl-con- servation policy. Col. Requa’'s criticism | of my contention that the President has | set aside the leasing act of 1920 is most | gratifying, because 1t attracts public at- tention to the controversy. I made the statement that Mr. Hoover's order, transmitted through the Department of | the Interior to subordinate officials, to &ccept no more applications for oil per- mits or lcases on the public domain was _tantamount to the repeal of the | Nullification would have | been a more accurate statement. I do not perceive anything irr Col. Requa's rejoinder which refutes the assertion On the contrary, he lauds a con- tribution of Mr. Hoover upon ol cor servation to the meeting of the Ame; ican Petroleum Institute in 1920, which at a more recemt gathering advocated congressional legislation upon the sub- ject. He also commends President Cool- idge’s appointment of the Federal Oil | Conservation Board in 1924 to my con- sideration. I have been reasonably familiar with these incidents since they occurred, and have found no fault with them. But they are wholly beside ‘my recent contention, which Col. Requa wisely avolds. His position is, if I un- derstand it, that because oil conserva- tion is desirable the Executive is justi- fied in overriding a Federal statute which does not so provide. I asserted, and Col. Requa cannot deny, that the | leasing act confers upon all citizens the | right to apply for oil leases or permits upon the public domain which the de- partment may grant or refuse at dis- cretion, and that because of this dis- cretionary power the President has by executive order forbidden the receipt of all applications thereafter tendered for filing. His rejoinder is that oll conserva- lnnn is a good thing, so why shouldn't he? - He 2lso emphasizes the fact that in January, 1927, eminent committees of geological authorities urgently appealed to President Coolidge to make a thor- | ough inquiry into the need for conserv- ing our supply of all minerals, which | includes virtually everything from gold | to_feldspar. i | i | | But if Mr. Hoover's new | policy is correct, why the need for this | investigation? Col, Requa, as the Pres- | ident’s guide, philosopher and friend. needs only to advise him to broaden | this policy by suspending, repealing or | jburg in the Thuringian Forest. ! for the establish- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ). HASKIN. ‘Take advantage of this free service. If you are one of the thousands who have patronized the bureau, write us again. If you have never used the serv- ice, begin now. It is maintained for your benefit. Be sure to send your name and address with your question and inclose two cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Address The Eve- | ning Star 1nformation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Q. Where was Chauncey Depew buried?—A, L. A. Mr. Depew's remains rest in a mausoleum in Peekskill, N. Y., the place of his birth, Q. What is the capacity of the ele- vator recently installed in the Wash- ington Monument?—S. B. A. Thirty-five passengers. Q. When were kindergartens first es- tablished?—H. S. A. The kindergarten was suggested and organized by Friedrich Frobel, a German educationalist, near the middle of the nineteenth century. The first kindergarten was opened by Frobel in the year 1840 in the yillage of Blln)l;“- e ploneer movement ment of kindergartens in the United States was led by Miss Elizabeth Pea. body of Boston, who, on becoming in- terested in Frobel's writings, went to Germany in 1367 to study his system. The first public kindergarten was opened in Boston in 1870, but shortly |abondoned. The first permanent suc- cessful attempt to make the kindergar- ten a part of the public school system was begun in St. Louis in 1873 under the leadership of Miss Susan Blow and Dr. W. T. Harris. Q. Last Fall a theater in Madrid. Spain, was burned down. Can you tell me the name of the theater and of | the performance being presented?— | D. A W. A. You refer to the Novedades, one of the oldest and largest theaters in Madrid, which was destroyed by fire September 23, 1928. “La Mejor del Puerto” was being presented. Q. What was the per capita consump- tion of wines and liquors in the 90s?— T. H. A. In 1890, 972578878 gallons of these beverages were used, or 15.53 gal- nullifying, call it whet you will, all the | jong per capita. Federal mining statutes, forbid prospect- | ing for or locating mining claims upon | unappropriated public lands, and the trick is turned. He might go farther and minimize | | priving our people of the right to ac- | quire farm lands by occupation. All these laws embody a discretionary power | of administration which I understand ! to supply the key to the new policy. ‘Then there are other departments an departmental law¢ to which the new | pruning knife might also be lppliEd‘ with equally direct results. The Presi- dent needs, of course, to assure the public that his conduct is inspired by the principle of conservation. That, in- , is a word to conjure with. Even law enforcement must bow to its all- prevalling potency. . C. S. THOMAS. — st Physicists Say Ai Atoms Travel Fast BY E. E. FREE, PH. D. Tiny aviators traveling thousands of miles higher than aircraft and making by far the longest and fastest journeys of anything on earth are conceived by Dr. H. B. Maris and Dr. E. O. Hulburt of the United States Naval Research Laboratory, in Washington, as respon- sible for many puzzling natural”phe- nomena, from the Northern Lights to | all the good radio communication which has proved to be possible between Comdr. Byrd's Antarctic Expedition and the United States. | In a recent communication to the | American Physical Soclety, Dr. Maris and Dr. Hulburt describe these aviating particles as being atoms of alf gases which have been electrified hundreds of miles above the earth’s surface by | ultraviolet rays from the sun. In those | cnormously high levels of the earth’s, atmosphere, atoms are much scarcer | Q. Does the word “music” oceur in the | Bible? What was the first musical in- strument?—L. D. N. A. The word “music” occurs 15 times in the King James and Revised Version of the Scriptures. It cannot be definitely stated exactly what the first musical instrument was, but undoubtedly crude instruments were used by paleolithic man, a primitive flue of reindeer horns Y. | being found in a cave which was inhab- |ited during the stone age: also many prehistoric horns of metal have been unearthed among the relics of the bronze age. Q. In what town in Georgia is the tree that holds a deed to the iand that it occupies?—W. D. A. The Jackson oak at Athens, Ga. is referred to as the tree that owns i self. The unique deed which was re- corded three-score years ago by Judge W. H. Jackson, at one time chief jus- tice of the Georgia Supreme Court, says tin part: “I, W. H. Jackson, of the County of Clarke of the one part and the oak tree (here defining location) of the other part: Witnesseth, that the sald W. H. Jackson for and in consider- ation of the great affection which he see it protected has conveyed and by these presents doth convey unto sald oak tree entire and of all lands sides.” possession of itself, Q. What names for boys are most common?—M. T. k) A. One compilation gives the follow- ing, in the order named: John, William, Tiarey: Keny: Josepn. Walter: Thomas . Henry, Joseph, Walter, Arthur, Edward -ng Clarence. v ‘What should an adult Persian cat weix'h?—_o. J. H. in Bou’s or males weigh than close to the ground. It is possible for an atom to fly for | hundreds of miles in a straight line without the frequent atomic collisions which happen in ordinary ajr. It also s possible, the Navy physicists believe, for these electrified’ atoms to | acquire enormous speeds, sufficient to carry uncounted billions of them up- ward from the earth's tropical regions | in a great fountain twenty thousand or | twenty-five thousand miles high and | down again toward the earth's magnetic poles. to which they are attracted by their electrification. This entire journey of fifty thousand miles or more up, down and northward is completed, the two physicists believe, in about nine hours, providing the polar ' regions with electric energy for the! auroras and as well as for the atmos- pheric conductivity which makes polar | radio a possibility. e Watson Realignment Pledge Called “Late”| From the Los Angeles Evening Express. Generous of Senator Watson, the promise that reapportionment “will be taken up and will be passed” in the extra session of Congress, to be con- vened in April. He is only 10 years! late. For a decade the Constitution of the United States has been ad-| journed. States have been denied their rightful representation in Congress, other States have had more represent- atives than were due them. All because right to select what part of the Con- stitution they would obey and what pert ignore. & In the Seventieth Congress the House, which alone will be affected, adopted a fair reapportionment bill. By their votes for the bill certain members helped deprive themselves of office. They were patriotic. ‘They put al- legiance to their oath to support the Constitution above their own interest and desire. But the Senate refused to pass the bill. A vote was prevented by enother of the notorious filibusters with which the Senate sessions seem habitually to close. Senator Walsh has been made Senate majority leader, since the elevation of Curtis to the Vice Presidency. He ought to be able to make good his prom- ise, but let us not hope too much. ——— et | Taggart as Politician Held Worthy of Respect From the Harrisburg Telegraph. ‘The passing of “Tom” Taggart, In- diana Democratic boss, removes one of the last of his type. Taggart, like Penrose in Pennsylvania, was a political force worthy of any man's steel. He lived and thrived in a period when po- litical organizations were largely domi- nated by one man, and none had his own particular State group under more effective control than he. But there is a new order of things in politics and today no one man any- where can speak with full authority for his party in any State. The likeli- hood is this will continue. Whether or not it makes for better government, it does give the individual a larger oppor- tunity to express his preference, and that is in full accord with American ideas and ideals. So, while the passin, of a plczuuu}ue figure may be regret one may rejoice that the system which he stood is breaking down. ) Perhaps! Prom the Sloux City Tribune, Perhaps the Mexican rebels merely were touching off a_ few fireworks in celebration of Mz, Hoover's inaugura- | for | . Persian cats vary weight. They are usually 10 pounds. Sometimes the 11 and 12 pounds. These cats are bein, L!n'ed for large bones and greater weight. bears said tree, and his great desire to | Mac the | his induction into the presid within 8 feet of it on | Q. In placing tablets in the Hall of Fame, New York City, how many votes t;‘l t_:_m sgmmmee of 100 are required?— A. In the case of men 51 votes are required and In the case of women 47. The first balloting took piace in 1900. Q. Is wheat harvested during March in any country?—D. N. A. In Upper Egypt and India wheat ;An hgrvukd during February and rch, - . What are the colors of the United States Military and Naval Acad- emies?>—D, E. T. A. The colors of the United States Military Academy are black, gold and | gray; those of the Naval Academy are | blue and gold. | Q. Please give me simple definitions for the terms “typhoon,” “waterspout” and “gale.”—W. L. G. A. Definitions of these terms are given as follows by the Nal graphic floeéey- straight wind; typ! a2 in the tropical waters of the Pacific waterspout, a tornado or violent whirl- wind over water. Q. What is meant by cancs”?—J. T. A. It is money of account recom- mended by the Inter-American High Commission at a meeting held in Buenos | Aires April 12, 1916. It would be worth 120 cents in United States money. Cuban Central R. M. “panameri- Q. When will the | Highway be finished?- | . A. It is to be completed in two years. | It will pass through the capital of each |of the six provinces of Cuba. It will | have no grade crossings and outside of | towns no speed limits. Q. How long has the human race cul- tivated crops?>—H. G. K. A. Agriculture is believed to be the earliest occupation of man. It ean be | traced back to prehistoric times when | primitive man began to select particular | plants as preferable to others for his use as food. Records on ancient monu- ments have enabled us to trace the his- | tory of agriculture in Egypt back to at least 3000 B.C. Q. How long has Lloyd's been in ex- tence?—N. C. A. As an incorporated association it has existed since 1871. But it had its | origin more than 235 years ago in the | meetings of merchants in Lloyd's Cof- fee House in Tower street, London. s Q. Who were the Seven Wise Men of® | Greece?—C. E. J. A. The names of the Seven Wise Men | of Greece, together with the names of the cities with which they were asso- ciated, and the famous sayings for which they attained distinction, a Solon of Athens—“Nothing in excess”: Thales of Miletus—"“Suretyship brings ruln"; Bias of Priene—“An excess of workers spoils the work”; Pittacus of Mitylene—“Know your opportunity”: |Chilon of Sparta—‘Know thyseif”; Periander of Corinth—"Have fore- thought in everything,” and Cleobulus of In dus—"Moderation is the highest Q. What is the bright star in the | Western sky in the evening?>—V. R. 5. A. The Naval Observatory savs that the bright star now seen in the Western sky after sunset is the planet Venus, which has been visible as evening star for about six months. Q. Did Thomas Jefferson leave the | White House immediately after James ‘was inaugurated?—C. G. A. President Madison returned. after ency to the house at 1333-35 P street, which he had occupied as Secretary of State. Jeffer- son spent several days in the White House before he left for Monticello, Since the Russian Soviets have no Q. | belief in the Suj God, what kind of obligation do assume when in- e Soviet e ek th 3 2 s make no oal or affirmation on taking office, 10 derve the state, | OCe DUt agree Q. Are railroad tles large: used to be?—J. L. e A. The size of ties most widely used under heavy traffic has increased since }:&! bfm_' 8 inches ’hyml h::ehu 8 ¢ R inches by iches by 8 feet Proposed International Bank Studied as Potential Force While there is very little expressed { opposition to the proposed international bank, to be used primarily for handling the German reparations, American opinion that it might prove an im- portant factor in bettering international relations is mixed with a feeling in some quarters that the matter should be ap- proached with extreme caution, because of the possibility that its great poten- tial force’in finance might be misused. “‘One of the ‘tender spots’ in the repa- rations program” is seen by the Phila- deiphia Evening Bulletin in this scheme, although it is convinced that “the es- tablishment of such an international clearing house for reparations transac- tions now appears to be an essential part of the plan which the commission Deaded by the American, Owen D. | Young, is considering: Undoubtedly a | natural sequence of its successful oper- ation,” continues the Bulletin, “would be iis utilization for the simplification of the war debt paymenis. * * It would not follow necessarily that the two series of transactions would be merged because. of such propinquity. But the possibility suggests itself and it may be that the advocates of such a merging see their path opening in the proposed arrangement. Hence the de- sirability of sounding out the United States, where there is. no backsliding from its original determination that the settlement of its accounts with European nations for borrowed money and other war credits is in no way contingent on German payments of war reparations.” “If the project is carried out,” ac- cording to the Springfield Republican, it may almost rival in importance the adjustment of the reparations question. * * * Viewed simply as a plece of ma- chinery, the proposed transfer bank is rather impressive, but it has to be viewed in so many other lights that.we must expect responsible comment to be at present somewhat guarded. Unques- tionably its ?owers. financial and pos- sibly poli , would be immense. In- deed, it is sted that if it had been in existence in 1914 it might have put enough pressure on bellicose govern- ments to prevent the outbreak of the war. But any power great enough to accomplish that is great enough to do many things not necessarily so meri- torious, and who is to control it and to what ends become a matter of the very highest concern to all countries in the world.” “In the marketing of German bonds, in connection with the proj com- mercialization of the reparations debt,” in the opinion of the Chicago Daily News, “the ice bank naturally would play a higl important part. It is even pointed out that in its own way the peace bank eventually might aic the countries which have renounced war as an instrument of national policy, in restraining aggressive govern- ments contemplating a breach of in- ternational peace. speculative, however, and of no imme- ite tical significance. The. fact that experts are formation o‘?enwh a the experts' un’oraeen delays in riving at substantial agreements.” S i of Germapy's S is, of course, is | Fr0 debt by an international bond issue, with German rallways and industries as security, has hardly been broached,” says the Louisville Courier-Journal, “but the bank scheme envisages the whole wmurrud and intricate busi- ness. That it might prove a Pranken- stein monster, a huge combine thas might control world trade by its pos- sible power over exchange, is a con- sideration that may be summarily dis- mi . The ex) of seyen nations may be to see to it that the vast financial machine would work for the best interests of all and not be a potential menace to any.” Favorable comment comes from the New Vork Sun In the statement: “Be- ir3 strictly non-political in character, it would not be susceptible to the influ- | ence of any individual nation or of & political organization such as the + | League of Nations. It would be a purely financial institution, operated in accord~ ance with sound business principles. From the viewpoint of American inter- ests, its successful functioning would be an added assurance of the continued payment to the United States of the service of war debts owed to us by Eu- rope. But the broad aspects of the mat- ter remain the most {nteresting, and the experts are to be congratulated upon having had the foresight to envisage, in planning the indispensable new repa: tions machinery, an institution that can perform broader service to the world.” “If a group of natlons begins to work together on anything so important as finances,” declares the Milwaukee Journal, “it will learn to work on other things. Such an international bank as er. Young proposes, beginning in a lim- llted way as the United States began in i limited way. each nation chary of cen- tralized power and distrustful of other nations, as the States were jealous of Federal power and distrustful of each other, will become a bulwark against war. It will be worth any dozen freaties. It will be an active, working reminder of the value of peace.” The tremendous power which is seen in the proposed bank suggests to the Waterbury Republican cause for obiec- tions along two lines—“that it would possess undue influence upon govern- mental fiscal policies the world over, and that it would almost inevitably exert such influence in the interests of big business. Whether the existence of such an institution would be an unmixed blessing for humanity is an open ques- tion.” concludes that paper. Objections that might be made from both sides of the water are suggested by the Brooklyn Dally Eagle in these words: “From the American point of view it might be objected that it unifies was to smoke Sgns that ¥l

Other pages from this issue: