Evening Star Newspaper, October 17, 1928, Page 8

8 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. ‘WEDNESDAY. . .October 17, 1928 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company iness Offize: Pennsylvania Ave. e 110 East 42nd St. Chics OMce Tower Building. European Off 'eEN Rrjem St.. Londw.n. . rrier Within Sunday Star the City. 43¢ per month Sundavs 60c per month eninz and Sunday Star n 5 Sundays).. ... 65c per month iay S1ar ... 5c per copy made at the end of vach month. Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone Main 5000 l—Payable in Advance. and and Virzinia. 1 yr.$10.00: 1 mo., 85¢ +7$6:00; 1 mo.l 50c $400: 1 mo.. 40c Ma Daily end Sunday.. Dailv only Sunday only ... 192 ANl Other States and Canada. and Sunday..] yr.$12.00: 1 mo.. 1 o B 1 yr, $3.00: 1 mo. 1 yr. §5.00; 1 mo.; v 31,00 Bally 5 | s0c Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is (xclusively entitled | e for republication of all 1 ews als- Ties credited fo it or not otnersise cred- this paper and also the .ocal rews o i herein All Tights of publication of | Sbecial dispatches herein are also reserved. | Car-Fare Equities. What formula of street car fare fix- | ing or increase can be devised which will increase the fare upon both the Jocal roads in precisely the same amount | without imposing an unjust exaction upon the thousands of Washingtonians | using one of them? The needs of the two roads, justifying an increase, have never been and are not now the same. First one road claimed and now the other is claiming comparative poverty. If irrespective of the actual needs of an increase the fares are raised to cor-| respond to the earning of a certain per- | centage on valuation the new fare and the amount of increase over the old ! rate will not, of course, be precisely the | same in respect to the two roads. 1f the facts suggest the possibility of ; a just increase in the fare to be charged by one road but negative a just in~i‘ crease in respect to the other, shall we | exact both increases, the unjust as well | as the just, from the car-using com- munity as demanded by the railways? Or shall the refusal of the road which possibly .deserves an increase to accept it, unless the fare charged by the other road is increased equally, be treated as a withdrawal of the original petition for an increase, since it has been Joaded down by a new and unjust condition de- clared to be indispensable? ‘When the roads have been merged the | difficulty of fixing a just and uniform rate of fare will disappear. Why not in the interest of the community whose welfare is primarily to be considered postpone the fixing of a new uniform rate until after merger? It is stated that if fares are increased i now they will by merger be automatical- | 1y reduced. Why, if even a temporary injustice is thereby inflicted upon the car-using community, should street car fares imitate the futile King of France of the nursery rhyme who with his 20,000 men “marched up a hill—and then marched down again”? r—e—s No Myth in Economies. Gov. Smith’s ridicule of the “Coolidge economy” by citation of absurd trifles of saving may win applause from his immediate audiences and perhaps evoke reaction favorable to him from some of his “unseen hearers.” But this is hard- 1y a worthy method of treatment. There is no gainsaying the fact that during the past several years Government ex- penses have been curtailed, mot by trifles, but by large sums, and that real economies have been effected in Federal administration. Certainly the country has come to accept the fact that judicious pruning of the expenditures has resulted in material reductions in the budget, permitting considerable de- creases in the tax rates accompanied by reductions in the public debt. This phe- nomenon has not been the less notable because it has been accompanied by some increases in appropriations. While the tax rates have been reduced the volume of revenues has increased, owing to greater prosperity throughout the cotintry and the increase of the bases of taxation. Consequently there has been | a larger volume of funds for expendi- ture. But for the persistent policy of administrative economy the appropria- tlons would have soared to totals far beyond those recorded, with a conse- quent lessening of the rate of debt re- duction. There is no “myth” in the curtailment of expenses and no amount of political campaign talking will serve to shake the public understanding on this score. 'THE EVENING 'engnged in conflict. But on Sunday the battle was resumed without notice and shootings occurred in several cities. | It is quite beyond the capacity of the | westerner to understand these contro- versies and slaughters. They are, how- ever, somewhat like the “gang wars” of Chicago and other large cities save that |50 far as known the members of the | tengs are not lawbreakers until the time comes for them to obey orders and ex- ecute designated individuals of the op- posing group. | The tongs do not prey upon anybody but their own kind. Their members are | peaceable enough toward westerners. | They are efficient, however, in their ex- countrymen. (as a rule those who are chosen for | “firing parties” are sent from one city | to another. They slip in and out quiet- |1y and have an exceptional capacity for | concealment. The tongs are powerful and protect their own members. Whatever may have been the offense against tong law that Sunday’s victims have committed, their slaying consti- tutes murder, and that crime must be It matters not that this is something that affects only the Chinese themselves. While they are living in this country they are entitled to the protection of the laws of the land and it is to be hoped that in this case there will be certainty of justice. ) The Foreign Service. Denial by the State Department of the rumor that a score of American Ministers in foreign countries have privately @greed to withhold their resignations when the change of ad- ministration takes place disposes of what was, upon its face, a fantastic tale. As the rumor had it, these repre- sentatives of the American Govern- ment, all “career” men, were to decline to offer their resignations in view of the fact that were they accepted, the work of their lives would be terminated. It can readily be understood with what dismay the men concerned regard the possibility of losing their posts. But that they should, in seeking to avoid that possibility, have taken the step which would be most conducive to the end they sought to avoid connoted an unbelievable degree of stupidity. The flouting of the precedent which calls for the offering of their resigna- tions could only result in offending the President whom they would represent, and a resignation not voluntarily of- fered could be readily obtained when demanded by the Chief Executive. The story did not hold water. But its publication served a very useful purpose in that it dragged into the light the facts upon which it was predi- cated. Those facts are as follows: Of fifty-four Ambassadors and Min- isters representing this Government abroad exactly hflfi ‘gareer men"— | each with a minimum o} {?zmeen years of foreign service before the honor of his present post was conferred. A majority of them are relatively young men, who have devoted their lives to the exacting profession—if the term may be so applied—of diplomacy. Should the resignation they are required to make incidental to the prospective change of administrations be accepted, their ca- reers would automatically be at an end. Under the Rogers act, from a fund created by each member of the foreign service, annually contributing five per cent of his salary, they would be en- titled to some benefits. In the case of a Minister or Ambassador above the age of sixty-five years he would be entitled to an annual pension based upon the length of his service. In the event of a man less than sixty-five years old he would be entitled only to seventy-five per cent of his past pay- ments into the retirement fund, plus accrued interest. It is in this latter case that a serious injustice is threatened to the man who, by virtue of special abilities, achieves marked distinction at a relatively young age. Under existing circumstances he may be required as a payment for that achievement to end his career when past the age for “taking up another, with actually less than what he has himself saved as a nest egg. Under such a system only the man of considerable independent -income could afford with wisdom to enter a career in the foreign service. Such a circumstance is contrary to the best interests of the foreign service in par- ticular and to American principles in general. It calls for rectification. O Mud slinging 1is discountenanced. Pamphleteers still take advantage of the fact that there is no limitation on ink slinging. e s R An enormous dirigible comes across the ocean in evidence of what science | and determination can accomplish. | ‘Without alert care and faithful endur- ance it could not have accomplished the trip. The successful voyage calls| for tribute more to the man than to! the machine. —r——— — ¥o cconomist can convince the aver- | auditor that a bill in Congress will | pcedily prove as mandatory as a pri- vate tax bill. e Tong Murders. With one man definitely held by a | coroner’s jury on a charge of participat- | ing in the Chinese tong shooting in this city last Sunday evening, the police, it is stated, are taking steps to rid the Capital of Chinamen who are without passports. A thorough combing of ‘Washington for possible members of the | warring organizations is to take place | in order to prevent further outbreaks. | ‘This is an admittedly difficult task. The Chinese who are enlisted in the tongs or secret trading organizations are, like | all their race, secretive and their iden- tification is hard to effect. Survivors of the Sunday shooting, though they | may have recognized individuals in the assaulting party, will not positively designate them. As in the case of the Italian Black Hand affairs. dependable witnesses are rare. When questioned they fall back upon a brief formula of ignorance. In this instance one of the men who was shot to death gave a name just before he died and it was by this | clue that the present prisoner was found | and is now being held. | These tong wars are mysterious out- | breaks of jealousy and reprisal. Some | years ago a peace was arranged batween the two leading tongs repre d in America which had been for s years 2| Registration shows that more persons will vote than ever before. The baffling question arises, “But how?” ———— Dirigible Limitations. While everybody who saw the Graf Zeppelin soaring over Washington the other day was probably thrilled by the | thought of its performance in main- taining itself continuously for many { hours in a flight across the sea, never- theless the initial passenger voyage of the great dirigible, indeed, the initial passenger voyage of any aircraft, can- not be regarded as unqualifiedly suc- cessful. The route pursued was not that originally laid down, being approximate- ly 2,000 miles longer. It was chosen with reference to the wind conditions and its selection was dictated by pru- dence. Yet even in the relatively calmer zone of the southern North Atlantié, the Graf Zeppelin was severely treated by the elements. A part of the cover- ing fabric was torn loose by the wind and partial repairs were perilously ef- fected. The injury was in a vitally im- portant part of the ship's organism, the port stabilizer upon which the trim- ming of the great craft depended. In point of time the voyage was not ex- ceptional. The ship left its German base Thursday morning and reached Lakehurst late Monday afternoon. This was faster time than can be made by a surface ship, it is true, and if the dirigible had come by the shortest route at the speed it maintained on its chosen course it would have reached these shores in record time. In the circumstances it is clear that the dirigible as a passenger carrier is not yet a promising competitor of the ewmship. Its accommodations are re- stricted and its passengers are subjected to limitations. may enable it to offer comparable com- ccution of orders against their own | The round-up of tong | | members is hard to accomplish because ; punished if its perpetrator can be found. | Further developments ' forts in transit, but it is to be doubted an increase of proportions. The larger | the ship the greater its exposure to the | rangement and deflection from course. | It 1s possible that the passenger diri- { not now contemplated as feasible. But must be done to assure precision of flight. independence of the elements and comfort of passengers in order to con- | stitute a popular means of transporta- tion overseas. New York's Voting Mix-Up. New York's extraordinarily heavy reg- istration, with an increase of more than half a million over 1924, brings its embar- | rassments to the board of elections in | that jurisdiction. There are 2,845 elec- tion districts in Greater New York, and there are 3,075 voting machines avail- able for use on the 6th of November. The 230 surplus machines are to be used |in placing two pleces of apparatus in | some of the heaviest districts, the re- substituted in emergencies for ap- paratus that fails to function properly. The board of elections has decided that this margin is not sufficient to care for | machine voting in all of the boroughs and that the machines shall be concen- trated in New York, Kings and Bronx Counties, with Queens and Richmond supplied with paper ballots of the old from these two boroughs. But there is and no funds are available for their purchase. Consequently the protests will probably be unavailing and on election day two of the Greater New York coun- ties will vote by the old method while the others are voting by the new. Meanwhile the board of elections is at work on the registration lists with the idea of purging them of sus- pected names. A special assistant at- torney general of the State in charge of registration and votihg frauds has an- nounced that already his deputies have uncovered evidence of 1,500 cases of sus- sembly district alone, and he has started to gather evidence for criminal prosecu- tions in all cases in which this evidence But the purging of the registration rec- ords cannot be effected in time or in sufficient number to relieve the situation regarding the voting machines and so several hundred thousand of New York City’s votes will be cast on election day in the old style, which will cause some slowing up of the count and may cast some doubt upon its accuracy. ——————— In view of an eccentric Autumn cli- mate, there is a slight cruelty in en- deavoring to make the “brown derby” a subject of sentiment when it is the old Summer straw that is sincerely re- gretted. —————— Betting odds represent mathematical caleulations with which the human ele- ment is likely to interfere in an elec- tion, the same as horse temperament is likely to interfere in a race. —————— , Prevalence of ‘“underworld dramas” makes the generally accepted idea that “the stage holds the mirror up to na- ture” something to be taken rather se- riously. e N & “Effieiency,” much discussed in all forms of endeavor, is now put to a crucial test in the matter of campaign organization. ——————— Two great questions are before the public: Who shall rule in affairs of Government? and Who shall -conduct the Nation's base ball? T v SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Reward. What do we toil for, as the days go by? A Dblossom’s fragrance, or a glimpse of sky. What do we covet in the weary grind? The bird song when our cares are left behind. What's the reward for trials daily met? The greeting of some fond four-footed pet. And so, with patient effort we must live To earn what Nature would so freely give. Empty Applause. “Your audience was ready to applaud you by the hour.” “That's one reason why a campaign Sorghum, regretfully. “A crowd would always prefer to hear itself holler than listen to sense.” Preferable Topic. I love our Constitution. I like the phrase prolix. They've cut out “Evolution” And are talking Politics. Jud Tunkins says there may be such a thing as a “whispering campaign,” but he never yet heard a politician who whispered when he got excited. Fish. “The beautiful blimp swims the sky like a gigantic silver fish.” “So it does,” answered Miss Cayenne. “I don't see why people brag so much about managing to land a poor little trout.” “A faithful servitor,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “may never hope to be held in as great affection as a favorite cat.” Food and Politics. Father wants his pork and beans, Mother wants her pie. Politicians set the scenes As Time goes hurrying by. Little Willie wants a cake And Sister wants ice cream. The Dinner Table seems to make A “Platform” 3]1 supreme, “It's a mistake,” sald Uncle Eben, “to keep talkin’ politics when you ought to be thinkin'” ———— Stores of Lore. From the Roanoke World-News. The things commonly used to provide an education late in life are a corre- sponding course and a set of children. o Virtue in Laziness. From the El Paso Herald. Paticnce s sometimes oi« the virtu- ous aspect of laziaess, | whether this is to be accomplished by | | wind and the greater its Hability to de- | | gible of the future may present features | |1t is evident from this voyage that much | |mainder to be held as reserves to be | type. Naturally a -protest has arisen | no time to supply additional machines | pected fraudulent registering in one as- | indicates the prospect of conviction. | | the darkness, of education is so slow,” said Senator | Dumas has been spoken of sneeringly | by some critics, who say nothing more severe, after all, than that he is “difi- | cult to place.” His characterizations are supposed to {be incomplete, yet admirers of this ro- mancer, this necromancer with words, can instance many admirable portraits. The following picture of Master Lo- riot, from “The She-Wolves of Mache- coul,” might have been done by Charles Dickens: “Master Loriot, notary of Machecoul, | was a little fellow, thin and meagre, and | appearing half as spare again as he i really was by the habit he had adopted | of bending himself double when spoke, and assuming an attitude of most profound respect. : “A long, pointed nose served him for a face. In developing that one feature | beyond all measure, Nature had chosen to recoup herself on the other features, and had ‘measured out to him, with in- credible stinginess, whatever did ot pertain to the salient part of his coun- fenance; so that it was necessary to look at Master Loriot at very short range, and for a long while, in order to discover that he had eyes and mouth like other men. But when one had made that discovery, one noticed that the eyes were full of animation and that the mouth did not lack expres- slon, * * * Compere Loriot fulfilled | all the promises of his physiognomical prospectus. He was clever enough to squeeze thirty thousand francs out of a position in which his predecessors had succeeded, ohly with great difficulty, in making both ends meet. “To reach this result, looked upon as impossible up to that time, M. Loriot had made men, not the Code, the sub- ject of his studies, and had come to the conclusion that pride and vainglory were their predominant qualities. He had, consequently, sought to render himself _serviceable to those two vices, and: had soon become necessary to those who were ruled by them. i “In Master Loriot, by reason of this obsequiousness. He did not bow, he prostrated himself; and, like the Indian fakirs, he had bent his body so much and so often that he had literally be- come accustomed to that position. He was a parenthesis, always open, in clients, which he repeated in every phrase with inexhaustible variety. Were a simple gentleman, the notary never spoke to him except in the third person. ‘However, his gratitude for such con- descending kindness was both humble and exuberant. And as he also mani- fested exaggerated devotion for the interests which were intrusted to him, he had succeeded in winning so many eulogiums that he had gradually acquired a very considerable clientele among the nobility of the neighbor- hood.” He is introduced to us as the Marquis de Souday saw him, as he opened at a knocking, which he thought to be that of soldiers. Instead: b “Instead of the sabres and bayonets which he expected to see glistening in instead of the warlike, mustachioed faces whose acquaintance he expected to make, the marquis saw nothing in the world but the top of an enormous _blue cotton umbrella coming on toward him, point foremost, climb- ing the steps one by one. “As this umbrella, which marched steadily onward like the callapash of a tortoise, threatened to put his eye out with the point which protruded from its center like the point of an anclent shield, the marquis lifted the outer circle of the shield and found himself face to face with a martin’s muzzle, surmounted by two little shining points, like car- buncles, and wearing a very high- crowned, narrow-brimmed hat which had been brushed and rebrushed so often that it shone in the darkness as if it had been varnished.” WASHINGTON BY FREDERIC By Herbert Hoover's own admission, in his opening words on Massachusetts soil this week, his visit to the “Coolidge zone” was of “critical” importance. The Bay State’s 18 electoral votes, in other words, are_all-essential to Republican success in November. Hoover rendered yeoman service to his cause by crossing Massachusetts, looking conditions in the face and stirring the enthusiasm of G. O. P. workers. Probably the last-men- tioned achievement was the most effec- tive of all. Republican leadership in Massachusetts has been at sixes and sevens since the astute hands of W. Murray Crane and Henry Cabot Lodge were removed from it. Even though a Bay State Republican since 1923 has been the national head of the party, its Massachusetts affairs have drifted from bad to worse. The defeat of Pres- ident Coolidge’s own political lieutenant by a Democratic candidate for the Sen- ate tells its own story. When Hoover was in Boston on October 15 he was assured that Massachusetts Republicans, for the first time in years, are a band of battling brothers. * K K K In addition to a harmonious party machine, “the Hoover Volunteers” are proving a tower of Republican strength in Massachusetts. They number 25,000 uncommonly willing workers, about equally divided between men and women, and have perfected so far-flung an organization that there is a “Volun- teer” on the job for every 20 Republican voters in the commonwealth. Their campaign task has been to whip up Hoover sentiment. Their election day assignment is to get out the vote. As elsewhere, Massachusetts registration figures foreshadow the largest presiden- tial poll on record. Women are work- ing like Trojans for Hoover all the way from Boston to the Berkshires. The Democrats concede that if Smith loses the State, “Hoover's women” will be mainly responsible. * ok ok * Some master of political showman- ship is entitled to a Phi Beta Kappa key for arranging the Hoover caravan across Massachusetts. Between his ar- rival at Springfield, in the extreme west of the State, and his appearance on Boston Common at midday the Repub- lican nominee must have been seen and acclaimed by more people in one day than any other presidential candidate before him. Half a million is perhaps an underestimate of the total number. Fifteen-minute stops at Springfield and Worcester were followed by a motor cavalcade which took the Hoover party for an hour and a half through the populous suburbs which encircle Bos- ton. Then a drive through Common- wealth avenue and the crowded busi- ness district, winding up with the mon- ster open-air meeting on the Common. Cheers—mingled with jeers—greeted Hoover every inch of his trlumphal way across the State. The jeers for the most part were those of rollicking schoolchildren in reglons which are evidently strong Smith territory. Nine- tenths of the time Hoover had a mag- nificently enthusiastic reception. * ok K x This observer made conscientious ef- fort at Boston to obtain a reliable fore- cast of Massachusetts election pros- pects. It is like trying to unscrew the inscrutable. The plain truth is that nobody knows. The State is doubtful, with a big D. Republican and Demo- cratic estimates are as far apart as the poles. On the Republican side they range from the superoptimistic pledge of Gov. Fuller that Hoover's majority will be ‘upward of 250,000 to conserva- tiv: fears that the Californian will not win by a fifth of that margin. Democrats assert Smith will capture Messachusetts, though' they know they have their work cut out for them to carry a State normally Republican in presidential elections by anything from 850,000 up. In 35 elections the Bay he | system of his, courtesy degenerated into | which were inclosed the titles of his| his interlocutor a baron or a knight or | THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. | There, one may submit, the reader | has a reasonably good portrait of Mas- ter Loriot, quite as well done as any {one could do it, with a good flavoring |of the jolly disposition of Alexandre Dumas. It is Dickensese, but different. “A long, pointed nose served him for a | face.” How could a big-nosed man be | better described? “He was a paren- | thesis, always open”—another felicitous bit of description in the best manner of | the best French masters. | One seems to know the Baron Mi- | chel’'s mother, too, after meeting her: | “Her face was insignificant, and with- out other distinguishing characteristic than an expression of borrowed haugh- tiness, which was in sharp contrast with her very ordinary appearance.” | "How many people there are in the world who might answer to that de- scription! True enough, but this one is individualized: | “She was short and stout; she wore |a silk dress absurdly out of place in | the fields, and a hat with brown stream- ers falling down over her face and neck. * * » Baronne Michel was one of those women with all the negative virtues, | who are so common in the world. Of | vices she did not possess the shadow of | a single one. * * * Madame la Baronne Michel believed herself to be a saint, pure and simple; she was regular in her attendance at all services, kept all the | fasts, and obeyed all the injunctions of | the church; and he who would have told her that she sinned seven times | every day would have astonished her | beyond expression. And yet nothing | was more true, for without assailing | her on any point except humility, it was { possible, at any moment in the day, to | surprise her in the very act of dis- obedience to the precepts of the Saviour | of mankind; for, although she had lit- tle claim to superiority, she carried her | aristocratic arrogance to the point of madness.” One can scarcely be in any doubt as to either the appearance or character of the worthy Madame Michel. Courtin, an evil peasant of the tale, who spies on his neighbors and drives | shrewd bargains, is set forth as follows: | _“In this field a peasant was driving a plow. “He was a man of some forty years, who was distinguished from his fellow | Poiteirns by the crafty cast of counte- nance which is peculiarly characteristic of the Norman: he was high-colored, and his eye was bright and piercing. His constant endeavor seemed to be to di- minish, or perhaps it would be better to say, to cloak the boldness of the last- named feature by incessant winking. He hoped, without doubt, by this means to achieve an expression of foolishness, or at least of good nature, which would paralyze the distrust of an interlocutor; but his sneering mouth, sharply drawn {up at the corners, somewhat after the | style of the god Pan, revealed in him, in | spite of his pains, one of the most re- markable products of a cross between | the breeds of Marne and Normandy.” | _And there is your crafty peasant, to the life. inescapable in his crafty, leer- |ing guile, marked out as an individual, | yet plainly one of a breed—and a breed, of course, as much in evidence today, in any part of the world, as in the Nor- mandy pf 1832. ‘These characterizations are of the old school, minute yet broad, definitely painting the actual appearance of the man or woman, yet mixing in with enough generalization to give the char- acter a standing among universal hu- ‘mamt,v It seems to one reader at least that this method is infinitely better than the slapstick way many modern authors have of carefully allowing their characters to paint their own portraits, as they say. Can any man paint his own picture? It is extremely doubtful. Surely he will miss some deft touches. Certainly no Master Loriot would “play up” his nose in such fashion. He un- doubtedly would favor that feature, un- “tl tlk;'e reader got no proper idea of it at all! OBSERVATIONS WILLIAM WILE. State has gone Democratic for Presi- dent only 3 times. Woodrow Wilson raided the electoral vote, while Taft m;ls-n;iz Roosevelt killed each other off in S * ok ok ok Never since then has Massachusetts been considered dependably Repub- lican. Hughes squeezed through in 1916 by less than 20,000. In four suc- ceeding senatorial elections Senator Da- vid I Walsh won twice. In Walsh’s third contest he lost to Senator Gillett. by only a little more than 18,000. In 1922 the mighty Henry Cabot Lodge himself held his Republican seat by the narrow margin of 7.360 votes out of a total of more than 800,000. Along- side Smith in 1928 there is running once again the man who has educated Massachusetts to vote Democratic— “Dave” Walsh, twice governor and twice Senator. The Walsh-Smith combina- tion is one for which Bay State Re- Eubncans are compelled to own the ealthiest kind of respect, backed, as it is, by & superb, well financed organi- zation. . * ok ok K On all hands one hears that the fate of Hoover depends largely on the French-Catholic vote. It constitutes a considerable portion of the round (and preponderantly Irish) 45 per cent which Roman Catholics represent in the Mas- sachusetts electorate. If the French- Catholics can be weaned away in con- siderable numbers the G. O. P. believes | they will cut fatally into the Smith- Walsh strength. Among Rhode Island Catholics there is some bitter Irish- French Internecine strife which has spread into Massachusetts and is ex- pected to help the Republicans there. Offsetting any disadvantage from the religious factor, the Democrats should derive the benefit of Massachusetts’ widespread wetness. EE ] For a man who hates speechmaking, Herbert Hoover did pretty well in Mas- sachusetts—six speeches within 12 hours, a record a seasoned spellbinder might envy. Hoover is conquering his em- barrassment on the platform. He had a chance in the Bay State to show that he’s far more attractive as an extempore talker than as the reader of a laboriously prepared, care- fully phrased manuscript. —Cultured, tariff-bred Boston was not bored by Hoover’s learned disquisition on fiscal science, but he himself seemed plainly to appreciate the impossibility of mak- ing pular campaign thunder with statistics and political economy. His speech in the Arena was delivered with more languor than Hoover displayed in any of his previous set addresses. Yet it will probably rank as one of the most effective of all his 1928 ut- terances. Written before Gov. Smith’s | Louisvilla tariff address, it turns out ) to be a_concrete parry of that thrust, | and 1t hoists the tariff once again to |its ancient place as a paramount Re- | publican issue. | (Covyright. 1 oo - Politics to Pedagogi From the Dayton Dally News. | The President of Mexico is going back {to school teaching, where the pay is ! smaller but apt to last longer. | e Automatic Reincarnation. Prom the Toledo Blade. There is no such insect as the last | housefly: Kill him a thousand times and | he comes back, meaner than ever. —— vt Police Jobs on Tap. From the Passalc Dally Herald. There's no certainty that those graft- ing Philadelphia policemen will be con- victed, but it's a sure thing ‘that t will be a great rush,for jobs on police department wi the next oper ings occur, SRS I ) Politics at Large By G. Gould Lincoln. MINNEAPOLIS, Minn., October 17.— A campaign within a campaign is waging within some of the Northwest- ern and Western States—a campaign which is breaking through party lines. iIt is the campaign to re-elect half a dozen Progressive Senators, some Dem- ocrats and some Republicans. So you find members of the Progressive group in the Senate campaigning in all these States for the Progressive candidates Srkl;cspecnvz of their own party affilia- ns. La Follette of Wisconsin, himself a candidate for re-election, has traveled into Montana to speak for Wheeler, who is running this year as a Democrat, and for Smith, although four years ago he was the vice presidential candidate on the La Follette independent Progressive ticket. _Senator La Follette has been in North Dakota campaigning for Frazier, a Republican and supporting Hoover. He is now in Minnesota making ad- dresses for Senator Shipstead, Farmer- Labor, who has committed himself neither to Smith nor to Hoover. What Senator La Follette is doing is but a sample of what other Progressive Senators are doing, among them Sena- tor Norris of Nebraska and Senator Nye of North Dakota. They are out to maintain, if they can, their Progressive group in the Senate, which in recent years has held the balance of power. More of these Progressives are to be found on the Republican side of the chamber, but there are some on the Democratic side, too. Wheeler in Mon- tana and Dill in Washington are the two Democrats who are fighting for their return to the Senate this Fall. Senator La Follette had his big fight in the primary campaign. He made a runaway race of it for the Repub- lican senatorial nomination to succeed | himself, and won by a tremendous ma- jority. His re-election is as sure as anything can be in politics, and, indeed, even surer. ERE I The way the Progressive Senators have rallied to the support of each other in this campaign and to the sup- port of their colleagues in the Pro- gressive group gives a pretty good in- dication of what is in the back of their heads. No matter who is elected Presi- dent, Hoover or Smith, these Pro- gressives intend to be in a position of sufficient strength in the Senate to make their own ideas and principles in government felt. The two Democratic Senators seeking re-election in this group have come out for the Demo- cratic national ticket. La Follette has come out neither for Hoover nor for Smith. Frazier of North Dakota is out for Hoover, and so is Nye, although the latter is not this year a candidate, for his term has four. years to run. Howell, in Nebraska, is out for Hoover. Senator Norris, Howell’s colleague, has not committed himself, either to Smith or to Hoover. The rumor per- sists, however, that when he has finished campaigning for these Pro- gressive Senators he is going back to Omaha and there in his own State make an address which will declare his position on the presidential election. ‘The rumor also has it that he is going to make a speech for Smith. There has been at least one copy of a speech, alleged to be a copy of that which Mr. Norris will make, passed around in Democratic hands in St. Paul and Min- neapolis. It does not appear probable either that Senator Norris would pre- pare such a speech so long in advance of its delivery, or that, having pre- pared it, he would permit it to get out of his hands at this juncture. That's the rumor, however, for what it mmy be worth. * X X % Senator Shipstead does not feel the urge to come out for either candidate of the two major parties. He runs as a Farmer-Labor candidate. He is expect- ed to win and probably will. He is standing on his own record in the Sen- ate during the last six years. He takes the position that he is no man’s rubber ANSWERS TO Many readers send in questions signed only with initials, asking that the answers appear in the newspaper. The space is limited and would not accommodate a fraction of such re- quests. The answers published are ones that may interest many readers, rather | than the one who asks the question only. All questions should be accom- panied with the writer's name and ad. dress and 2 cents in coin or stamps for reply. Send your question to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Fred- | eric_J. Haskin, Director, Washington, | D.C. Q. Can canaries be interbred w! producing inferfor birds?—J. J. T. A. Interbreeding between various | forms, even though they differ widely | in color, results in reversion of the | orlginal type, which was a spotted or | striped greenish bird, certain proof of | the common origin of all. Q. Of what is incense made?— J. M. ithout | A. Incense Is a mixture of gums,| spices, etc. In Europe frankincense is | commonly employed as incense. In| America the modern ingredients are | usually benzoin, gum olibanum and styrax, and sometimes balsam and pow- dered bark of cascarilla. This mixture is allowed to fall on hot charcoal in the censer and burns promptly. Q. Does aging of glass give it a pur- | ple tint?>—G. M. P. A. The Bureau of Standards says that_the purple color in glass is sup- | posed to be due to a change of condi- | tion in the manganese content of the glass, which is a coloring oxide under certain conditions. This is supposed to be caused by certain rays of the sun which produce a difference in the de- gree of oxidation of the manganese present. fnil) Q. Do sheep contract tuberculosis?— E G. V. | A. Cattle, swine, sheep and poultry are all subject to tu&erculosia. Q. Did Byrd take any chewing gum with him to the South Pole?>—F. B. R. A. The Antarctic expedition is equip- ped with 70,000 sticks of chewing gum. Q. How large is the Vatican and C. A B is 50 acres. The palace covers about 13 acres and contains 1,100 rooms. | did>—E. M | worn by men. | is'a knight?. how many acres are in the gardens?— | A. The area of the Vatican gardens | QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]J. HASKIN. Q. How Dam?—B. A. The Conowingo Dam, in Maryland on the Susquehanna River, is 105 feet in height, 4,633 feet in length and has a storage ‘capacity of 107,000,000 gallons and cost $52,000,000. Q. In George Wa: t customar: clnrn is the Conowingo ington’s day was ¥ for all men to dress as he A. In Washington's day the citizens of the upper class dressed much as he did. Between 1790 and 1800 there oc- curred a change in the style of garb A round hat, short coat. light waistcoat and pantaloons reachin§ {to the ankles and fastened by buttons comprised the attire of a gentleman, The hair was short and unpowdered, Q Twxm was Corregio’s full name? — A ‘The painter's real name was Antonio Allegri. De Correglo is general. 1y added in allusion to his birthplace, Q. Is it tm:_ n:{s{ John McCormack A. McCormack teceived the Knight- hood of St. Gregory from Pope Ben Shte XV in 1921, Q. Does the Guif st ‘: A. Generally, the Gulf Stream do not affect the Eastern Shore of Mary. land, because the prevailing winds thew are off shore and not on shore, Ocea. sionally, however, and for short perlods the wind is on shore. At these times. especially during Winter, the tempera- ture of the air Sbviously is . Tittle €T, owing to the Gi Y it would otherwise be - S eamh than Q. What Italian city was the first to 3 % put its coinage on a gold basis?—, d bas A. R Q. Did the height of t of China \;uy'~!!‘u. ;’:" Rl A. The height was the same through- out the length of the Great Wall, Q. What is ln:m{:/. . A. W. . When Indians were alloti they had trust, or mncm.‘ei.';’,‘fii given them, saying that they could not alienate for a period of 25 years. This is called the “restricted period.” henco the term “restricted Indians.” Som: of these trust periods have not expired, Q. Was the expression “ g [ coined in the World Wars—w 2> 3o e Great Wall meant by “restricteq" e o Q. How can one enter the soap sculpture competition?—I. M. C. A. Entries should be sent to the Na- tional Small Sculpture Committee, 80 East Eleventh street, New York City. This competition opens February 1, 1929, and closes May 1, 1929. Q. In England and France is the death rate higher than the birth rate?— A E. S. A. The birth rate in Great Britain in 1925 was 18.7 per 1,000, the death rate 12.4 per 1,000. In 1927 the number of births in England and Wales was 654.969, the number of deaths 484,536. In France in 1926 the living births gum- bered 766,226, the deaths 713,458. Q. How long should most vegetables l‘:’)e N;ooked, particularly cabbage?—M. A. Many vegetables may be cooked in short time. Young cabbage may cook sufficiently in less than eight minutes, while 12 minutes is the maximum time necessary. Corn on the cob cooks in from 7 to 12 minutes, according to its size. For Brussels sprouts and cauli- flower 8 to 10 minutes only are needed. Salt added during cooking improves the flavor without affecting the texture or food value. From one to one and one- half teaspoonfuls of salt to each quart of water is a good proportion. Q. Were the painters called the Little Dutchmen small in stature?>—F. E. M. A. No. The name was applied be- stamp and wears no man’s collar. Therefore why should he feel impelled to come out either for Smith or for Hoover, He will pass on the merits of appointments made by whoever is elect- ed President when those appointments come to him, but not as a Republican or as a Democrat. The same will be his position with regard to their legis- lative recommendations. In his mind, as in the minds of La Follette, Norris and the others, the paramount issue is to have as many Progressives in Con- gress as possible. . * ok X ok Democrats and Republicans alike in the Northwest are wondering what Gov. Smith will do next and where he will alight on some of the so-called issues. His speech in Louisville, Ky., in which he declared for the protective tariff and | presented a plan for removing the tariff from politics, and in which he also strongly resented any imputation thap he had spoken with commendation' of the last Democratic tariff law, the Un- derwood-Simmons law, caused no little surprise. There are 15 or 16 Demo- cratic members of the Senate today, all of whom voted for the Underwood-Sim- mons tariff act and all of whom have been in the habit of praising that measure. In those days a tariff for revenue only, with incidental protec~ tion, was good Democratic doctrine. That was in 1914. And the bill was signed by President Woodrow Wilson, who had called a special session of Congress to deal with the tariff and other matters almost immediately after his inauguration. Gov. Smith, in his Louisville address, declared against any general bill for the revision of the tariff. This has made the old-timers gasp. Among the Democrats in the Senate who helped to frame and pass the Underwood tariff act are Senator Rob- inson of Arkansas, Smith’s running mate; Senators Overman of North Car- olina, Fletcher of Florida, Smith of South Carolina, Reed of Missouri, Rans. dell of Louisiana, Walsh of Monta not to mention Senator Simmons him- self, who was chairman of the Senate finance committee, which handled the bill. Senator Simmons’ opposition to the election of Gov. Smith, which he has so vigorously expressed, is not like- ly to be lessened by the repudiation of his tariff bill by the Democratic nominee. There are several Democratic Senators who voted for the Underwood- Simmons bill, who were members of the House in 1913, among them Senators Harrison of Mississippl, Glass of Vir- ginia and Heflin of Alabama. * K oK K Campaigners who have been in North Dakota and Montana believe that the swing in both those States is mnow cause these artists painted small pic- tures. Q. What was the life and property loss in Porto Rico from the hurricane and tidal wave about 1899?—H. L. McL. A. The hurricane to which you refer occurred in August, 1899. In this storm over 2,000 were killed, 3,000 injured. The property damage was estimated at $22,000,000. Q. Is there any duty on undressed furs brought into this country?—C. L. C. A. There is no duty on raw or un- dressed skins, excepting silver and black fox pelts. The duty on dressed skins is 25 per cent. The duty on silver and black fox pelts, undressed or dressed, is 70 per cent. Real progress toward safe and com- mercially practicable transatlantic fly- ing is believed to have been achieved/ in the construction of the Graf Zep- pelin, superdirigible, whose first flight over the ocean from Germany is an- nounced as the forerunner of regular service between Europe and the United States. “In the dirigible, or lighter-than-air | ship, lies the greatest hope for ocean navigation,” says the Utica Observer-| Dispatch, while the Providence Bulletin, asserting that the mew craft “promises to put Europe just below the horizon.” | continues: “The fabulous air-borne rug of the Persians, which was wafted through golden skies, had nothing on this German ship. It sails in all its preposterous detail—its buoyant tons of metal, its comforts of home hung in such perilous security: Mr. Reiner of Weehawken laughing in the sky with Mr. Gilfillon of Zurich. And it sails to a land glittering with gold, for the captain says it will be no trick at all to flll the 20 expensive cabins with Americans bound East. Moreover, if he chooses, he can plaster his vessels’ silver sides with advertisements enough to make his everlasting fortune in one swoop.” “It signalizes,” according to the Kalamazoo Gazette, “the end of that brilliant peried of stunt flying of which Col. Lindbergh’s hop from New York to Paris was the most remarkable ex- ploit. * * * There is something re- toward Hoover and away from Smith. In North Dakota resentment is felt against Mr. Hoover and the Republican administration because of their oppo- sition to the McNary-Haugen farm bill. It runs back to the war days, when Hoover was food administrator, too. Both the Republican Senators, Nye and Frazier, are out for Hoover, and, while some of their friends among the Non-Partisan Leaguers are criticizing them for taking this position, they are making their influence felt. In North Dakota the so-called religious issue is raising its head as well as in more Southern States. The Democratic can- didate for governor, who was a Repub- lican, and is now serving as governor owing to the fact that he was lieu- lenant governor when Gov. Sorlie died a few months ago, is a Catholic, the Democratic candidate for lieutenant governor is also a Catholic, they are on the ticket with Gov. Smith and, while Catholics might properly point out that whole State tickels elsewhere have never a Catholic on them, but are all Protestant, Protestants in North Da- kota are shaking their heads over the situation there. * koK ok In Minnesota K G. F. Cashman, the Democratic candidate for the Senate, not long ago withdrew from the race, announcing that he did so in the incer- est of his party. Cashman is a Cath- olic, and it is sald that he desired to climinate as far as possible the church issue-in his State. Another reason given for his withdrawal was that there should be no division of the opposition assuring in the mere numbers of the passengers Hugo von Eckener can carry and the tonnage of the Graf Zeppelin's mail consignment. There is less hesi- tancy in boarding a flying machine carrying 70 other persons than ja climb- ing into the cockpit of a fragile device that is piloted by an unusually daring and venturesome aviator.” * K K X Speaking of the giant Zeppelin's 700 and more feet of length, her passenger capacity and her speed of approximate- 1y 100 miles an hour, the Yakima Her- ald adds: “The rigid gasbag undoubt- edly will become a major factor in transportation long before the airplane | has been developed as a long-distance fiyer which can carry a profitable load of freight and passengers at a reason- able chargs. Airships themselves will progress through experimental stages before they can be depended upon to outride the worst of oceanic storms without serious mishaps. = It will be to Arthur E. Nelson, the Republican candidate for the Senate, and that Shipstead was the logical man for the Democrats to support in this race. Up in Montana many new voters have registered, and it is upon these new voters that the Republicans are count- ing to carry the State for Hoover and for Dixon, their candidate for the Sen- ate, against Wheeler. Many of the new voters are women and many of them have been dragged into tHe fight by the W. C. T. UBand other temperance or- ganizationsft . I A. Although the phrase * e was popularized in :phe wmxgl‘rarogy the British Army, its origin can be ‘lra‘ced to a much earlier period. Origi- }nady"a naval word of command, mean- ing “continue as before,” it was first | applied to war by Addison in his Spec- tator in 1712. The first to use it in a | nautical sense was a writer - Wood's Magazine, Aril, 1683, & D oK ny%_go; fast do wild ducks and geese a speed of WAY:o ‘;{]fl? dcu:iu travel at eet a seq erag | 100 feet a mflz.cond. ey 5 Q. How many men bel e Union, League Club?—R. i 3 e number of a members is limited to ?3«')’3‘ .r:,ld;:: members constitute a quorum at all meetings. It was incorporated by the New York State Legislature February 16, 1865. The qualifications for mem- bership are United States citizenship and unquestioned loyalty to the Gov ernment of the United States. The club has been a stronghold of Republicanism, and its influence has been repeatedly exerted for the Republican party in national and local elections. Q. How many bridges are the we HSuBsquehnnm. in Penmyfi?l.l:;rg—‘ A. There are 75 bridges across Susquehanna River in le’:myhmn.h‘me Q. Has Charlie Paddock & whippet in a race?—F. vaer g A. Paddock, the great Pacific Coast ;:enender, hfm :eg’r:l times matched his agal t of the Whippet has won, © " TPcv P . %oufia'ny };t‘:u tell li'llel Whether there is amed Helvel where It Is located? R, N " I 5 A. Helvetia is the old Roman name for what corresponds to the modern Switzerland, and the name is still used in poetic references to that country. Q. How did “hansom &% DIX\E?—-K. M. st . These vehicles were so nams from their inventor, Joseph Hnn.lo::. an architect at Birmingham and Hinck- ley, Engls New Era in Air Transportation Begun by Graf Zeppelin Flight some time before they ships lnbodobllvu:n.tle’ iy ‘From descriptions of t and facilities of the Gx:lte 'z“e“p’&"fii."-? states the Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch, -} napronches What is necessary for trans- :/l.r.nktlilc Dbassenger service by air.” The vonz E:k paper pays tribute to Dr. Hugo Bullder of dirigibles anc e tas seL i of Comdr. Rosendahl Me i naval officer of the [bsu.:engeles :;‘; ?::3; & n;gnth or more in Germany lor‘Itthengvoy-;e }Jrewluon of the ship “It represents new principles of con- . ruction which are a dlsungt depurt?:;e bmm earlier types,” it is pointed out y the Davenport Democrat. “In earli- ;.admgibles the space inside the frame s been given over to rather crude guaxtem for the crew, and a ‘cat walk' !gwn @ narrow plank that connected e various centers of activity—the Davigating car, little engine cabins be- ind each motor, etc. Now the navi- }ul.lng Car projects along the lower edge el.lr;l!:l& instead of and inside the ship are !lirlynsrpulcctl‘::l‘ arrangements for social comfort of the bassengers. * * * Our own Navy De- partment,” the Democrat adds, “has Just let contracts for two dirigibles | larger than this German monster, and | Great Britain is about to put one into | the air as big as the German ship.” | . Special interest in Akron is observed by the Beacon Journal of that city, which says that this craft is “the fore- runner of American airships which Akron hopes to build for the use of the Navy. under contract with the Gov- ernment.” The Beacon Journal also be- lieves that success achieved by the Graf Zeppelin “will quicken public con- fidence everywhere in that type of air transport,” and recognizes that it “has been designed along lines which repre- sent every modern plan to establish a regular air service between the Ameri- can and European continents.” * ok ok ok “The record of dirigible fi; that lies behind the Graf Zcppeuny:xel;'uuxe:' states the Jersey Cify Journal, “is good g\ sg?:lusg:nd(wm‘d in o*hers. There of good, particularly in the record of the Los Angeles itself, to give | rise to the hope that the Graf Zeppelin may vave the way for successful trans- | athantic air service There is enough of bad to indicate that it may be found that regular service is still impractical.” Emphasizifig the international as: pect of this and other experiments look- ng to commercial service, the San Antonio Express summarizes what the British are doing: “The British dirigible R-100 probably will not be taken on & transatlantic flight until Spring. It is hydrogen - filled and a special fuel is used for its motors. The R-100 may be flown to E{ypl and India during the ‘Winter. 2 R-101, a similar craft, also is nearing completion. When com= missioned, both these ships will be op= erated commercially and doubtless will become the nucleus of a combined diri- gible and airplane sérvice exien all parts of the British Empire.” | s N <