Evening Star Newspaper, October 9, 1927, Page 23

e e —— HRPLANE PIONEER ACHIEVES AMBITION Tames L. Simmons, Early Builder of Machines, Now Manages Plant. ciously to his faith in lopment of “fying machines™ ¢ 20 years, James Lee Sim 61 years old, of Colmar Manor, ft buildes pro- ft engin = over which factory he presides as ge: eral superintendent. The ft compe s head h Col M. to the old | or plan: on the Alexa at the foot of Duke street, k has bezun on two * monoplancs. desizned Berliner, president of just with two as | n Aeroplane | southwest, Al and vond see- ns perform successfully in the air, Made Only One Flight. i areer | ce, hat | . when a man who flew rplane was a hero. Mr. Sir mons today has little recollection of that flight and because of its short ion, he is inclined to disregard being a flight altogether and he never has been up. Neverthe- ss, he recalls climbing into a mono- ne at College Park belonging to Rex Smith, a colleague and aircraft builder of the time, for the purpose of looking over the engine, which had an ambiguous nature. On the ground it performed beautifully, but in the a&ir it was not so good. ave her the gun” and away ped down the feld. Mr. Sim- mons was exhibiting an intense in- terest in the performance of the en- gine when he happened to look up and found the plane staggering through the air. His altitude, however, was within 50 teet and in a minute or two the flight was over. Mr. Simmons used to be the sub- Ject of a standing “'wise crack” at the old Garrick Club which ran this w: “Are you a flyer, Mr. Simmon: one club brother would as Before he could reply, another would inter- Tupt: hy. I should say not. Any man who has sense enough to.build one of those things, has senss enough to keep out o1 them.” Throughout his career, Mr. Sim- mons has been closely associated with Emile Berliner, the noted inventor. This included Mr. Berliner's experi- ments with the phonograph, and an air-cooled rotary aircraft engine, both of which were successful and the helicopter, which had reached an en- couraging stage of development when it was temporaril idetracked in favor of the conventional type flying machines. In those days of pioneering, all ef- fort was directed for the ultimate good of the subject under considera- tion and today Mr. Simmons, as gen- eral supermtendent of the Berliner Aircraft fas presides over it with the same inter as though he owned every inch of the building, equipment and stock. f Born in Frgderick County, Md., Mr. Simmons ca Washington in 1888. It was while} » was employed in the Capital Tract*4n Co.'s shops where the District Buliding now stands, that the scnior Berliner employed him to do some work in connection with his phonograph experiments. Then fol- lowed some work on the helicopter, ‘which Mr. Berliner had given thought 1o even before the first flight of the ‘Wright Brothers. Builds First Machine. Mr. Simmons drifted towards flying &nd with the appearance of the Wright Brothers here in 1908 he took up the #Subject in earnest. In odd times he and a friend, Robert S. Moore, buiit & monoplane—and it flew. Photo- graphs of the ship in flight bear a close resemblance to the famous cer monoplanes of today. The ship was taken out to the Ben- ming race track and a daring young man, Sam Luttrell, later to become a figure in the District automobile busi- mess, agreed to fly it. He knew nothing about flying, as very few people did at that time, but he shoved off. The flight ended abruptly when the ship retused to put on sufficient altitude to clear a fence at the end of the field and the Simmons-Moore monoplane halted in a disgraceful position—straddling the fence. When they arrived at the end of the fleld, the designers ard builders found Mr. Luttrell lighting a cigarette. The plane was not badly damaged, was re- paired and flown many times later. A second monoplane was built and reached the difficult altitude of 100 feet. Then Mr. Simmons temporarily turned his attention to engine build- ing. Mr. Berliner, Mr. Simmons and Mr. Moore, each had made certain in- ventions on a rotary air-cooled cylinder engine, which they called the “Gyro” and a corporation was formed, the atents were pooled and the Gyro Motor Co., “manufacturers of high- grade acronautical motors, office and 4 Girard street, Washing- Was organized in Septem- € the previous year Mr. Sim- mons had built a biplane which was named the Columbia, and in this ship Paul Peck, who today would be known as chief test pilot for the Washington oplane Co., broke the n endurance record at Mine- Y., by fiying 4 hours 23 min- d 15 seconds. His flight was ed by a violent thunder- though for a long time Peck total dark- was only ine during is plane used the Simmons being manu- wias sold the i ola, utes an ana was time, and v comment by Tac Ta of favorabi th Peck was| ins an exhibition | umbia Kid, a_smaller | e, which Mr. Sim- ¢ cause of ths acci- s learned. Peck, only avs old caved over the is wife a few days prior to Eefore he went aloft Mr. said he heard him say: “I'll #ive Chicago something to talk about 3n the morning.” At about 3,000 feet hie was scen to go into a dive. He plunged downward and a high wind ught him, blowirg him out of con- 1. At about 23y feet he righted the hip and magy a hasty forced landing. Dnly the tul skid was broken, but the ¢~ tenk, through the force of the $#ioact, was torn loose and crushed “eck’s head. He died in a hospital ssveral hours later. Planes Strongly Built. In an hour the p) as ready to fly again. Mr. Simmons said that no plane which he either built himself isted in building ever c t in the air. were no wind tunnels to determine the sero-dynamic qualities of the planes; wstress analysis was unknown and the d in Chic: t on the Col mons built, dent never w 22 1 irplanes | ago a well THE SUNDAY iflARLY MODEL PLANES, AND BUILDER I Upper: Monoplane turned out by James L. Simmonds, shortly after 1908. Center: Biplane Luilt by Mr. mmons when the art of flying was young. Mr. Simmons. question of strength was left to the judgment of the builder. None of Mr, Simmons’ planes ever crashed to | a complete *“wash out” so strongly were they built, and in every accident, of which there were many, the craft was ready to fly either that evening or the following morning. Peck was the only airman who lost his life in a plane with whose construction Mr. Simmons was identified. When the Washington Aeroplane Co. turned out the “Columbia flying boat” the aeronautical world sat up and took notice. It was built to the order of Marshall Reid, aviator-sports- man of Philadelphia, who made the test flight on March 14 hed account of that “The trials ay cess, Reid making six flights during th2 afternoon. A speed of over 65 miles an hour was attained in the W air and in the water the new craft was particularly handy, as no diflicul- ty was cxperienced in leaving the water after a 100-foot run. This new .’;ddincn to the flying boat fleet was ¢ signed by Lee Simmons of the ington Aeroplane Co. to fill the W special requirements of Reid, who ex- gc(-ts to use it for sporting purposes uring 2 the coming season. The boat driven by one of the new model Gyros of 80 horsepower, which has proved to be an idcal power plant for this type of plane.” A feature of the boat’s construction was the folding wings. Not so long known manufacturer brought out a plane with folding wings, advertising it as capable of being stored in a garage. Mr. Sim- mons saw this possibility in 1913 and applied it. loaded, weighed 1,070 pounds. The flying boat, fully In 1912 Mr. Simmons built a mono- plane and Peck flew it at College Park to demonstrate the 50-horse- power Gyro motor. “The machine last week,” said a published account at the time, “climbed 1,000 feet in two minutes without any added load. It probably, as its constructors say, can better all of the existing American records, but is not likely to be sent against any of them till there is something more in it than mere glory.” Mr., Berliner was character- ized the “sponsor” of the machine. This monoplane shared in the first glory that came to College Park field when it took off as one of a formation of five, the largest number of planes ever in the air at one time at that place. Mr. Simmons maintains that the monoplane was the fastest plane in America at that time—faster than the Curtiss and Wright ships which the Army had bought and were flying at College Park. He relates an inci- dent in support of his contention which happened on May 5, 1912. The Aero Club of Washington held a program in honor of Prof. Samuel P. Langley's work in aeronautics at the Chevy Chase Club. The Army planes were to fly over to the club from Col- lege Park and Peck was to fly with them. In accordance with regula- tions, however, the highest ranking Army pilot was to land first, and so on down ta the lowest ranking pilot. Peck, being a civilian, was to land last. Claims Record. Peck arrived over the club several minutes in advance of the Army planes and was forced to circle about for several minutes until they put in appearance and landed, Mr. Simmons deciares, In 1913 Mr. Simmons claimed a record for aircraft construction. An order for a ship was received by the Washington company and 23 dayn it was delivered. During this ne it was designed and built. It was sold for $2,500. ‘When Mr. Berliner resumed his helicopter experiments in earnest, Mr. Simmons put aside airplane build- {ing and worked with the inventor on this type of craft. About six of them were built, the last two of which flew. Mr. Simmons did all the con- struction on them, including the pro- pelor , except the metal work. One of the helicopters, the first to fly, in the Smithsonian Institution now and the most recent one has been dis mantled. is no question about the ability of this airplane to rise from the ground vertically, but the big problem, in Mr. Simmons’ opinion, is to build a helicopter that will perform as to speed, maneuverability, weight-carry- ing and other characteristics of the airplane. He has not given up hope by any means. After such a long period of close as- sociation with the aircraft from the pioneesing days until the present, Mr. Simrons believes the science is only begun. The basic principles and facts have been established, but there never will be an end to the refinement work that can be carried out on the fiving machine, he believes. e ; In those days there ! and a 100-pound cannon ball from the — Galileo dropped a half-pound welght Leaning Tower of Pisa, and demon- strated to an incredulous world that the two would fall at the same apeed. . RUBBER OXIDATION PREVENTIVE FOUND New Product, “Neozone,” Expect- ed to Lengthen Life of Many Products. By the Associated Press. WILMINGTON, Del., October §.— A new product designed to prevent deterioration of rubber by air is an- nounced by the E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. eozone,” the new anti-oxidant, is a product of the pro- gram of organic chemical develop- ment instituted by the company sev- eral years ago Du Pont rubber chemists explained today that it has long been known that the deterioration in rubber js due chiefly to the oxygen of the air, but that it was not possible to scientifically study this phenomenon until within the last few years, when tests were developed which enabled the chemist to duplicate by artificial means within a few days the deterioration which is normally produced over a period of several years. In one of the most valuable of these new tests the rubber is exposed to pure oxygen in a heavy steel bomb under a presure of 300 | Pounds to the square inch and is simultaneously heated at 158 degrees. This produces an extremely rapid oxidation of the rubber, Organic chemists have long known that the decomposition or oxidation of many chemicals can be prevented by adding to them a’ very small per- centage of substances which are known 28 negative catalysts. This knowl. edge when applied to the study of rubber has produced the chemicals known as anti-oxidants. Rubber manufacturers have been striving for years to improve the serviceahility of their products. Chemists say the development of the anti-oxidants is a great step in this direction. CONCRETE c;iUHCH USED. Correspondence of the Associated Press. PARIS.—A reinforced concrete church, the first in France, has opened new possibilities in design, but above all in economy, to towns unable to afford the Breat expensive stone structures that beautify the country. For §12,000 the town of Montmagny, not far from Paris, has built a church 120 by 43 feet, with a high bell tower ang steeple. est of all, the church is light, The upper two-thirds of the four :’all! are half colored glass, set in a crisscross design, much like leaded glass except that the framework all is in cement. f T D — Holiday. It was a legal holiday, and I re- marked, “By Grimes, 1'll load my folks into our dray, and have some bully times. We'll' drive along the pleasant pike until at last we find a stretch of woodland that wi like, with babbling brooks behin. and there we'll picnic for a while, within a yew tree's shade, and eat spaghetti by the mile, and pour down lemon- ade. And when the sun is sinking low, and shadows fill the glen, we'll hit up thirty miles or so, and travel home azain” A million voters talked that festive morn, ave his holiday, and sayly honked his horn. Each one would take his aunts and wife, and ke his nieces nine, away from urban noise and strife, and have a picnic fine. So all the autos ever made were shortly on the trail, all headed for some ple: sequestered v And all the men vho cannot drive were driving carg that d: and if T still remain alive, it's not their fault, I say. The reck- iess men who do not care three hoots in Hackensack how much they cause of bleak despair, were scorching up the track. And there were also jin- gled jays, well steeped in homemade wine, and if they saved their rusty drays they sorely damaged mine. And there were drivers nine years old, ind others eighty-nine, who rammed my auto’s manifold, and bent its iron spine. On other days you'll see me Irive by mere and wold and combe, [but when the holidays arrive, I'll al- |ways stay at home. WALT MASON. A Convriahi. 19270 e STAR. WASHINGTON, D. €, OCTOBER 9. WHALE'S LIKENESS 10 MAN REVEALED Scientists Find Sea Monster Once Lived on Land and Was Poor Swimmer. The the w “Thi may he dc mark vies in his may be of gr biolo: the trail of hale, monster of the deep may or on which 4 myste veat body at value m be discovered, submarine and has hably a sim- ! ent if it could be learned— which enables Eis body to stand a re- sistanee of a ton a square inch, which would crush a man mmal to jelly. e he is the perfect diver among creatures which must breathe 'n to live. He can go under with enough oxygen to last for | an hour and a half and then come to rapidiy—a procedure *h would mean certain death for a deep-st Vi are ous more re- nd ¢ s wh es things ucture Discussed. the whale differs y from a man, monk cow. Once, long ages ago, he lived on nd, probably ate other animals and was awkward in the water. Then he took to the sea in search of food. Through long enerations he developed into a good swimmer, then into a good diver. Iinally he spent more of his time in the water n on land, iost his hind legs, and became a_sea-dwelling creature—a warm-blooded, air-breath- ing fish. For a great many generations, it is probable, he lived much the same sort of life agile and But only v nt in the water but still essentially a land animal. Then he probably became as the present- day seal, dwelling in the water but spending’ long periods on the rocks. Then he quit dry land altogether. Tracing Migration Is Aim. All this happened millions of years A foss been found. It le took to the water very early 1 the age of mammal But now a determined effort is being made to trace the steps of his migration through the variations in his body. Dr. A. B. Howell of the United States Nationnl Museum is conducting this research in Washington. Very important in this research is the question of the equalization of pressure. The sperm whale—the one, by the wayv, which must have swal- is believed the biblical narrative—can go a mile he- low the surface and stay there more than an hour. The combined weight of air and water on his body is some- thing more than a ton an inch. There must be an equalization of the pres. sure somehow—but just how nobody knows. So far as is known teore is nothing in the body of the whale which is not in the body of a man. He is equipped with none of the gx'imure-equalizlng devices of deep-sea ish. Obscure Gland Suspected. Mr. Howell helieves that the secret fina will be traced down in some obscure gland which has been devel- oped abhnormally. T prohably exists In the human body, enabling a man to endure much smaller pres. sures. The doctors haven't found it yet, or determined its purpose. gland, or whatever organ it m: be, developed bit by bit through the ages. A deep-sea diver must come to the surface very slowly to prevent the formation of nitrogen bubbles in the blood, due to the excess of nitrogen in air breathed over and over. The whale brings to the surface proxi- mately the same amount of nitrogen he takes down with him. He doesn't have to worry about the dreaded “bubbles,” no matter how fast he comes to the surface. Decrease of external pressure is neutralized auto- maiically. This mystery also probably can be traced back to some obscure organ in the human body which hag been de- veloped excessively in the whale, ac- cording to Mr. Howell. Other Variations Noted. Other variations wrought in the prozress of the whale from a land to a water animal are: The migration of the nostril to the top of the head. The disappearance of external hind legs which now are partly represented inside the body. The transformation of the into swimming organs. The disappearance glands. Disappearapce of the hair and de- velopment of blubber layers which serve to preserve the body heat, act as a reserve food supply and as in- struments of equilibrium, Slight modification of the eyes to enable the whale to see in salt water, where the refraction is quite different from in fresh water. The fresh-water representatives of the whale family are practically blind. If Jonah ever was swallowed by a whale, says Mr. Howell, his host must have been a sperm whale, who is not the largest of the family. All other whales, including the giant whalebone whale which reaches the record length of 100 feet and is the largest of all living creatures, have throat passages no larger than a man's arm. The whalebone feeds on crustaceans and other small forms of sea life. Sperm Whale's Capacity. The sperm whale, which sometimes reaches 60 feet in length, could swal- 'ow a man, however, in case of nece sity. The throat is big enough to allow the passage of a human being into the stomach. And the sperm whale is exclusively a deep-water creature, never venturing mnear the hore even for the laudable purpose of delivering a holy prophet to his home folles. The sperm whale feeds on cuttlefish and giant squid and ‘cquires a good-sized gullet, Whales are getting scarce and less aluable. Last vear, however, about 5.000 were killed, the majority: of ‘hem in the Antarctic waters around h2:British colony of South Georzia. A this'rate of slaughter, Mr. Howell “wlieves, they cannot last long. Onée a whaling ship could sail north {0 the vicinity of Point Barrow, re- main two years in the ice, and come back with a cargo worth approxi- mately a million dollars. -The whale- hone alone from the mouth of a whale- hane whale of average size was worth 2.000. It was one of the most and durable of materials and wurd its greatest use in stays for ow corsets have gone, and steel has filled all the other roles of this substance, which was not true bone but rather strands of hair cemented together. Besides, the average whale of this size would net many barrels of oil. 'This also has been superseded in its chlef use for lighting. Specles Still Valuable. The sperm whale still is very valu- able. About 15 barrels of sperm ofl are obtained from the head. .This is used for lubricating watches. The blubher oil serves three purposes. The best grade is sold to soap manu- facturers. The second grade is used in lubricating oils and the third grade is used in the manufacture of oleo- margarine, The best grade of whale st is sold lo“r cl}lcken !oaad. whu; the poorer quality is ground up an: used Lor L konsy b e agd limbs of all skin not have swallowed Jonah—but | rets » the human! 1 of a land whale never | lowed Jonah if we are to credit the | This | GREY WHALE CAPTURED IN PACIFIC 1927—PART 1. Story Told of How U. S. Army Nearly Lost Services of Gen. W. T. Sherman. Array of Incidents Found in Manuscript Left by One- Time Senator. The United States Army barely | missed losing the services of Gen. Wil- liam T. Sherman in 1849, when the future Civil War hero caught the gold fever in California and wanted to quit the service at onee, This is revealed in a |covered this week by Dy loore, head of the manu on in the Library of Congre recently received collection of the respondence of Thomas Ewinz, Ci War Senator from Ohio. Th was written by Sherman from Sin neisco and gives a vivid picture of the early gold rush days. Text of the Letter. The letter reads: “Gen. Riley has just arrived with five companie: giment, also thrce companies tillery. T am still Gen. Smith's ad- jutant, and fear I'll find it harder to et off than I expected, but I am still determined to do something rash rather than continue Lere in the serv- ice much longer. I hive had my share and now want to look after my private interests. I shall therefore in a few days send in my application for a long furlough, and feel little doubt that Gen. Smith will not refuse me. If an adjutant had been sent on from Wash- ington, as should have besn done, I would ‘have becn in the mines before this, but I do not think myseif at liberty to leave until T am told that I can be s the public interest. Finds Gold Specimens. “But it is not of this I wish to write. Last Fall when at the mincs I col- lected some interesting specimens of ld—some gold earth (2 bushel) and th district. T flattered mysel that T should b2 the bearer of this to the United States, but I have been mistaken and have concluded to them to Washington by C who starts next week. Col. will leave them with Gen. Gibson, who will keep them until you call or send for them. The gold i3 worth between $400 and $500, one piece being 19 ounces heavy. The earth contains, I think, about two ounces of gold. “If you do not go to \Washington please send for the gold alone and let Gen. G. have the pebbles. I have written to him that he is at liberty to show them to his friends and to wash out half the earth, if he is curiously inclined, leaving the rest for you. I hope these will be interesting objects of curiosity to yourself and your surveying and drawing a map last week, I made $1,000, and think I can easily make eight this. Summer, if I can get off. Money has no value here and is flying about— labor §10 a day, a meal from $2 to $10 —everything exorbitantly high, and though thousands have come into the country prices are still high. “If I find my commission stands much in my way 1 shall throw it up this Summer, but should I do so, I will send you word in time. I should have dont it last Fall had it not been for Col, Mason.” Diary of Edward Bates, New light is thrown on obscure phases of the Civil Way by other man- uscripts received during the past few weeks. Among these is the diary of Edward Bates, Attorney General in Lincoln’s cabinet, which has been de- posited by Miss Helen Nicolay, daugh- ter of John G. Nicolay, Lincoln’s sec- This diary, which 3 ccount of events in Wash- ington during the war from the view- po'nt of a cabinet officer, remains available only to students with Miss Nicolay's permission, since negoti tions are under way for its publica- tion. Other valuable material is contained in a collection of personal letters from governors of several Confederate States to each other, giving their own views of how the war should be con- ducted and, curiously enough, their fear of a strong, arrogant centralized government developtng at Richmond which, even if the South won the war, would defeat the cause of State rights for which the Confederacy was fighting. Gov. Brown in Protest. One letter is from Gov. Joseph Brown of Georgia to Gov. John Letcl ner of Virginia, written in 1864, ask- ing for the loan of State artillery so that Georgia could establish its own coast defense, independent of the Richmond government. Brown also protests against the demand of the Richmond government that one-half tonnage of the ships which managed to get by the blockade of Georgia ports be allotted to the Confederacy for the transport of war supplies. Profiteering, to judge from these letters, is the inevitable companion of war. Even in the darkest days of the Confederacy the profiteers of the South were emulating their brothe; of the North and milking the poverty- stricken public of all they possibly could get away with. Brown writes to Gov. Vance of North Carolina asking what steps that State has taken against extor- tion and the foreclosing of mort- gages on families all of whose bread winners were in the service. “N doubt the speculators in our midst, to Hawailan factories to be made into boneblack, used in refining sugar. So the whale still represents a valu- able prize for the hunter and is pur- sued ruthlessly. The large whale is three years in reaching maturity. It is 15 to 20 feet long at birth, 35 to 40 feet long when a year old, and mature when it Tegches 60 feot, red without detriment to nens of quartz that abound in | OBSCURE PHASES OF CIVIL WAR REVEALED IN OLD-TIME LETTERS | | | | | re the worst enemies of With food running low biting use of grain for making whisky Opposes Whisky “Rations.” Gov. Isham G. Harris of Tennessee s aroused over the whisky . “I am clear in my opinion tes to Maj. Gen. Pil he i bad policy to issue rations of | whisky to troops in the field and cannot recognize such a policy Gov. Beriah MaGoffin of Kentucky was in a difficult position—the chief executive of a state red its neutrali ‘mpathies eviden outh, but he w Kentucky as a Gov. Harris wrote it the Fetleral 12 militia com- de Tennessee and ffin_replied that the Tenpes- e exccutive had been nformed d that Kentucky s lity conscientiously. He had in- , he said, and found that no Kentucky citizens were entering the Northern armie In those perilous days the States were organizing their own armed forces, quite independent of the Rich- mond government. Gov. J. H. Shor er of Alabama, writés in May, 186 “My pian will be, if possible, to make a r of every man left in the State. I am collecting all the arms in the country. BLOND GIRLS OUTDO BRUNETTES IN SWIM Went Farther and Stayed Longer in Icy Water in Recent 21-Mile Marathon. Correspondence of the Associated Press. TORONTO, Ontario.—The blond girl, -who has suffered many an un- chivalrous cut of late on the score of temperament and fickleness of pur- pose, won an impressive victory in the grueling 21-mile marathon swim here recently. When the analysts got busy, they discovered that the hlond girl entrants had won over the brunettes in a wallk, s0_to speak. It was a blond girl who swam the farthest. It was a blond girl who stayed in the fcy water longest. Ob- servers insisted that the blonds dis- played more presence of mind than the bruncttes and were, on the whoie, calmer. The only brunette girl to win a prize ended her swim when she was frightened by an eel. HELD FOR FIGHT FILMS. PHILADELPHIA, October 8 (#).— Exhibition of the motion pictures of the Tunney-Dempsey fight in Chicago at three theaters here today brought the arrest of Frank Jordon, Warren Shoffner and Benjamin Wolf, man- agers of the houses. They were re- leased upon agreement with Claude O. Lanciano, assistant United States dis- trict attorney, to appear Monday for a hearing on charges of violating a Federal law that prohibits transporta- tion of fight films. Counsel for the defendants said they would claim the managers had nothing to do with the transportation or book- ing of the films. The pictures were first exhibited shortly before noon, and after they had been shown a number of times they were impounded and the arrests made on warrants sworn out by Lanciano. iy Post Office to Be Improved. Contract has been let by the Treas- ury for improvements in the post of- fice at Harrisonburg, Va. The mailing vestibule is to be remodeled and en- larged at a cost of $2,650. Contract in this sum was let to the Harrison- burg Building & Supply Co., which BAKE ; AulomaticOil E was the lowest of eight bidders, utm&wtw URNE Wallace Engineering Co. Lactobacillus Acidophilus VAC! * 23 Lumberman’s Hope Has Bagpipe Band By t! Associated Press. TIRLIN Scotland, October 8.— The boyhood dream of Donald Cameron, wealthy Canadian lum: berman, to have his own P 1te band ot pipers has materialized Cameron, who is of Scotish par- entage and who in his youth had a great love for the sound of bag- pipes in the vlllages, has com pleted the or tion of a band of 24 boy pipe e from the Queen Victoria Military School, I i He will take them to Canada, The lads, whose ages range from 12 to 16 y will start w monthly and expe: KINGS MOUNTAI BATILE RECALLED Pioneers’ Descendants Cele- brate Event Held Turning Point in Revoluticnary War. Ameri descendants of the men who came over the mountains through Gillespies . out of the lowlands, corgia, gathered here ebration of Kings Mo n, cred- historians the turn- of the American Revolu- = ¥ the Battle ¢ ited b; ing point tio W Thousands of persons traveled here by train and by automobile and heard | y United, States Senator Walter F e of Georgia and Representative A. L. Bulwinkle of the ninth North Catolina district laud the heroes of the battle, men with little military who gathered almost spon- y to punish the British Gen. ¥ for his acts tn other sec- tions of the Carolinas and Virsinia. Too there was an unofficial celebra- tion held by the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, attended by hundreds of Klansmen, to hear an address by Hiram W ans, imperial wizard of the organization. A day just crisp enough to be com- fortable, the cool breezes tempered by a bright sunshine, greeted the cele- brants. A foot ball game between Kings Mountain and Sheiby High Schools, a parade this morning, con- certs by the Fort Bragg Military Band and riding exhibitions by the crack Lincointon Cavalry troop featured the aside from the official ceiebration ceremonies. BIGAMIST PASTOR GETS CUT IN TERM Sentence of Rev. Willis T. Jordan Reduced to 18 Months Fol- lowing Plea. By the Associated Press, CHARLOTTE, N. C., October 8.— The sentence of Rev. Willis T. Jor- dan, convicted here vester my for marrying Mrs. ridge of Wash: gust while he h: iving and un- divorced wife, today was reduced to 18 months in the State prison. Jordan had been sentenced to serve not less than two nor more than three years. Judge Webb declined, however, to reduce the appeal bond for the minis- ter. Jordan today was prostrated in his cell at the county jail. His attorneys made a vigorous appeal to the court for a reduced sentence, telling Judge Webb that the sentence was tanta- mount to life imprisonment. Solicitor John G. Carpenter, who had conducted the prosecution, took no part in today’s proceedings. BOYS CATCH ALLIGATOR. 30-Inch Amphibian Found Branch of Elizabeth River. NORFOLK, Va., October 8 (P).— An_alligator,’ 30 inches long, caught in the Hague, a branch of the Eliza- beth River, by two boys this after. noon is the reason for much curi- osity and speculation. The alligator was left in shallow water by the re- ceding tide and the hoys with the ald of poles was able to get him into a washtub. Where it came from was a question, but the most likely theory advanced was that it came up from the South by way'of the Dismal Swamp Canal. Alligators have not been seen in this section before except in Zoos and the unusually warm weather of the past several weeks is thought re- sponsible for the amphibian wander ing so far from the native clime. . State lotterles to raise funds for hos- pitals have just been proposed in New South Wale: e T . in and from | B . Of Youth Realized, LASKAN INDIANS FORGETTING LORE Traditions and Customs-May Becoime Lost in Short Time, Ethnologist Warns. ages, beliefs, traditions toms of the Alaskan Indians not to go the way of those of so other native American tribes ind be forever lost to human history, ethnolog 1l have to work double » in the next few years. This is’ the warning } t back from an ex§ n by Herbert W, 3 of the National tha Smithsonian Instie Krieger found that the younger ns have become thoroughly For them the pot. remonial events of rtance for the propitiation its who could insure good hunting or goos g—are merely opportunities for a good time, They have forgotten their own magic and their tribal folk lore. Only the old people remember these things, and if th to b preserved these old peoe must ba interviewed before they die. Mr. Kriege dition was carried o T up cer thsenian last year. ced old Indian and E: h might throw an in Ala n of the ves origin in America. Evidences Hard to Find. As a result of <ries at Bor t Anvi and sites wi cient 1 1k, Shageluk along the ukon he believes that any archeo- gical evidences of ancient man in the interior of Ka are going to be very hard to find, though there is date to be uncovered. most interesting dis- made far from the mouth it comprised examples £ a coast tribe un- ear, when both Dr. Canadian archeolo- ist, Dr. Jenness, found specimens of tthese carvings, indicating the exist- ence of the tribe on St. Lawrence and Nelson Islands. They are done in old i and are examples of an art un- like anything else known from Alaska. The modern natives dig them up from old graves and recarve the old ivory for commercial purposes, thus destroy- ing many important specimens. “vidence that a uniform stone cul- ture prevailed at one time from the Yukon down to southeastern Alaska was uncovered by Mr. Krieger. He found certain stone implements, chief- ly a type of ax, common to the entire area. Fusion Points of Culture. The places visited by Mr. Krieger on the lower - Yukon represent the fusion points between the Eskimo and Indian cultures. Although the interior is now entirely Indian territory, Mr. Krieger found pottery, masks and other objects which typify Eskimo! culture, The Indians there have many traditions of battles with the Eskimos., On his way back from Alaska Mr. Krieger continued earlier explorations for the Bureau of American Ethnology ' along the Columbia and Snake Rivers. Last year he succeeded in tracing a single prehistoric culture characterized? by semi-subterranean circular houses’ and cremation burials from Britisi Columbia_ through Washington to Oregon. This year he followed traces of the same culture down the Snake River into Idaho, hoping that it would lead him into Utah and the northern* outposts of early Pueblo culture, thus connecting the prehistoric peoples of the West from Canada to Arizona. But he lost the trail in the Snake River Canyon of central Idaho, the traditional home of the Bannock and other Shoshonean tribes. MATHEMATI.CS CENTER. Correspondence of the Associated Press. BERLIN.—Thanks to liberal assist. ance given by the Rockefeller Insti- tute of America, the ancient Univer- sity of Goetingen soon will lay claim to being the ‘“center of the mathes matical world.” he Mathematical Institute of thé is in process of completq overhauling and extension. Lecture halls seating up to 200 students, semis nary rooms, ample space for the 1 aries and other col- and experimental laborac being added, which, on com. pletion in 1929, will make the Mathe. 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