Evening Star Newspaper, March 1, 1927, Page 8

TH With Sunday Morning Edition. WASBHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY..... March 1, 1927 THEODORE W. NOYES e The Evening Star ) ; 1 nevivania Ave. 1tp a1 and New York Qffice: 110 Fagt 42nd St. Chicago Office’ Tower Building. European Office: 14 Regent St.. London, Fny |‘I\J TBe Evening Star. with the Sunday morn E edition. fs delivered by ecarriers within CItY at B0 cants per month: dajly only 45 ecents B*romonth: Sundare anlr. fer Jponth. Orders may he sent by mail or laphone Main 6000. Collaction is made br carTier at end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Adv: Maryland and Virginia. ally and Sunday....1vr. $0.00:1mo aily oniv Y1y s00 1 mo undar only " 15r.$300: 1 mo All Other States and Canada. Bally and Sundas..] vr.. $17.00: 1 mo., €1.00 T A SR VR R Sunday oniy ... l1yr] $400.1mo. Member of the Associated Press. e Assnciated Press i exclugively antitle % T K AT A pateBes credited to it or not otherwise cred in this paper and also tha local news published herein All rights of publication of apecial dispatches herein are -_— Britain's Friendly Gesture. Acceptance by the British govern- ment of President Coolidge’s invitation to a conference looking to the further Umitatton of naval armaments s gratifying as an evidence of good will and friendly accord, even if the declinations of France and Italy al ready. had rohbed the proposed con- ference of most of its possibilities With the earlier acceptance by Japan also reserved against Al Smith in the presidential race next year the governor's chances would be greatly enhanced. Dr. But- ler has sald that as New York goes, so will go the election. He has just had a demonstration of what happens in the Empire State when the Repub- licans nominate a wet against & wet Democrat. Senator Wadsworth went down to serious defeat before Senator. elect Wagner, a Democrat. It would be idle to say there are no wet Re publicans, or even to say there is not a large number of wet Republicans But the overwhelming majority of the party, take it the country over, so far remains dr is the fi Dr. Butle «t Republican of prominence who in recent months has raised the “third-term” issue in con- nectfon with the possibility of the nomination of President Coolidge to succeed himself. 1t is not noticeable that his incursion in the subject has roused a great deal of public inter- Rather it has been an academic nterest. Dr. Butler was charged at the time with seeking the Republican nomination himself as a leading wet. But this he has denied. Perhaps it would be wise for Dr. Butler to name an outstanding Republican wet to whom the nomination should go in 1925, Or perhaps Dr. Butler is merely an opportunist. = RES The 0il Decision. The Supreme Court of the United States has spoken, and in accents un- mistakable has declared the lease of the Elk Hills naval ol reserve to Ed- ward L. Doheny tainted with corrup- tion and fraud. Not a dissenting voice the three leading naval powers of the world now are on record as willing to undertake completion of the work be- gun in Washington in 1921, That the two other powers which signed the five-power Washington treaty are of different mind is to be regretted, but the cause of disarmament is never- theless measurably advanced by the Coolidge overture. Even if concrete results are not immediately forthcom- ing there is achieved an advance to- ward “moral disarmament,” which mecessarily must precede the physical act of hammering swords into plow- shares. ‘There now arises the possibility of a three-power naval conference in con- mection with the work of the prepara- tory disarmament commission at Geneva. Opinion differs as to the chances of results from such a confer- ence, and the tone of the British note of acceptance does not warrant a large measure of optimism. It sets forth that “the view of his majesty’s government upon the special geo- graphical position of the British Em- pire, the length of imperial communi- cations and the necessity for the pro- tection of its food supplies are well known,” which is capable of being construed as a restatement of the Brit- ish position that Great Britain cannot limit crulsers so long as France is free to build submarines without limit. Great Britain might well be willing to 8ared 167a further scrapping of capi- “tal ships, but that would be outside ©f the scope of the Coolidge proposal, and it is doubtful if American public opinion would support elimination of the battleship if nothing more resulted than to throw the burden of competi- tive building on to cruisers and other lghter craft. Competition in lighter eraft could be just as great a burden and just as provocative of war as ‘competition in battleships. Acceptance by Great Britaln and Japan of the American invitation Places the attitude of France and Italy in unpleasant contrast. Had they con- sented to participate’in the conference o harm could have come to them, for * they could not have been compelled to conclude any agreement which they belioved contrary to their national in- terests. As it now stands, they are in the position of being unwilling. to try, @and this is a position which does not wmake a favorable Impression on the @eplnion of the world. e A battleship does not necessarily Promote war. Its timely appearance under some circumstances may pre- wvent a fight. R A “Wet” Complex. _ Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, presi- @ent of Columbia University, continues his agitation for the nomination of a “wet” Republican for President in 1928. Dr. Butler has returned to New Yerk from the Middle West con- vineed, he savs, that the people of that section are “interested” in the candidacy of Gov. Al Smith for the Demooratic nomination. In fact, he #ees Gov. Smith not as the strongest oandidate for the Democratic nomina- tlon, but pretty nearly the only can- didate. The distinguished president of Co Jumbia University appears to be suf- fering from an anti-prohibition com- plex. Everywhere he sees the “wet” tide rising. His recent visit took him Qhlo, Tlinols, Wisconsin and I¥mesota. Wet sentiment in Chicago and in parts of Wisconsin is not ex aotly a new find. But if he found a wet tide in Ohio and Minnesota Dr. Butler is entitled to credit for & new discovery. The Buckeye State is rep- resented here by two very dry Sen ators, one of whom was only a few months ago elected by a considerable majority over wet Democrat nd by a delegation in the House that ix largely dry. It has elected Gov. A. ‘Vio Ponahey. a dry Democrat, for the third time. Minnesota has a few wet centers, but by and large the State has been dry. 1t is not unnatural that the people ©f the Middle West should be “inter ested” in the candidacy of Gov. Al 'Smith. He hax been for months sn sutstanding figure in the Democratic party. His achievements in New York politics and administration have been widely published. But to be “inter eated” in Gov. Smith is one thing. To be ready to vote for him is another. Why is Dr. Butler so “interested" Timaelf in the candidacy of Gov. Smith for the presidential nomination? 1Is this staunch Republican ready to was raised. Every member of the high- est court of the land concurred in the decision, except Associate Justice Stone, who took no part in the case because of his connection with it as Attorney General before he went on the bench. The decision of the Supreme Court EVEN’ING STAR publicans should nominate a Wwet|that even the most powerful receiver could do little with stations closer together. With between 150 and 200 stations jumping at will all over the broadcasting range the situation be- came hopelesaly confused. Today chaos relgns and little satisfactory recep- tion 1s possible. Naturally every broadcaster wanted the most favor- lable air channel, and lacking any legal authority to keep him in his place, he has jumped all over the lot To get the wanderers back on a wave length that may be satisfactory for them and will preserve the right of the listener to hear a program unin terrupted by heterodyning whisties and other “side-band” interference is | the task of the commission. The probability is that its job may Inot be well in hand until Midsummer. Conferences with broadcasters are necessary, and endless amount of de- | tail work must be done, while first of all a program of administration and rearrangement must be worked out. All thig will take time, but it may be regarded as certain that by next Win ter chaos will have given to order in the ether. B These Varying Days. “Into each life some rain must {fall.” truthfully said the poet Long- fellow. He was, at the same time, no mean weather profit, especially for the Win- ter season of 19 the in National The locul weather seems to be but an endless seesaw, with bright sunny days on one end of the meteorologicai THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Continuing the examination et Henry Flelding’s unique introductory chapters to the various books of his ““Tom Jones," we run straight into theme of all novelists, The opening chapter to Book 6 is ®0 headed. In dealing philosophlcally h this theme, Fielding takes a few cks at those who declared in his time that there is really no such thing as love. Today his remarks apply equally well to members of certain schools of paychology, who would reduce life to a mere matter of actions and re-. actions, based purely upon mechani- cal and chemical stimuli. “Whether these philosophers be the same with that surprising sect, who are honorably mentioned by the late Dr. Swift, as having, by the mere force of genius alone, without the least assistance of any kind of learn- ing, or even reading. discovered that profoind and invaluable secret that there is no God; or whether they are not rather the same with those whe some years since very much alarmed the world, by showing that there were no things as virtue or goodness really exIsting in human nature, and who deducted our best actions trom pride. I will not here pre- sume to determine,” so says Fielding. “In reality, 1 am inclined to sus. pect, that all these several finders of truth, ave the very identical men who are by others called finders of gold. ‘The method used in both these search- es after truth and after gold, being indeed one and the sam z. the searching, rummaging, and, examin- Ing into a nasty place; indeed, in the formgr Instance, into the nastiest of board, rainy ones on the other. Between the two, faithful Govern- ment clerks, greening grass and aris- Ing tulips scarcely seem to know what to do; the Government employes whether to wear rubbers, the grass whether to continue sprouting and the tulips whether to grow up or down. Somehow the Weather Bureau and is & victory for the Government, which for nearly three years has assailed the lease of this great naval oil re- serve made by former Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall to Doheny. Both Fall and Doheny recently were acquitted by a jury in the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia, the ground hog seem to have made a miserable mess of it. No Washing- tonfan knows just what may happen between sunrise and sunset, except that the rain predicted for today will not be here until tomorrow. Delayed rains seem to be in style. Yet nothing is surer than Longfel- when they were tried on a criminal charge of conspiring against the Gov- ernment. The case decided yesterday by the Supreme Court is & case In equity., The decision imposes no penalty directly upon Fall. Indirectly it lays a heavy fine upon Doheny, since it grants to him and his company no compensation for the $11,000,000 which the company has expended in connec- tion with its contract with the Gov- ernment. The oil storage tanks con- structed at Pearl Harbor, near Hono- lulu, with,a capacity of 1,500,000 bar- rels of oil for the Navy become under the decision the property of the United States. All right to oil in the naval reserve reverts to the Government. The decision of the court will be read with particular interest in view of the fact that that tribunal has yet to pass upon the lease of the Teapot Dome naval oil reserve to Harry F. Sinclair, made also by Mr. Fall and under circumstances which have led to a charge of corruption. ‘The Supreme Court has spoken with a finality and a definiteness in regard to the Elk Hills naval oil reserve lease that will remove from the realm of con- Jecture the charges of fraud and cor- ruption against the former Secretary of the Interior and Edward L. Doheny. e Congress usually winds up with an effort to dispose of an amount of im- portant business in one week that might easily occupy a' year. —— -t e Radio Broadcasting Reform: Although little promise of immediate relief in the radlo broadcasting situa- tion is held out by Secretary Hoover, small doubt is left in the minds of those who have watched developments since radio legislation began taking form in Congress that eventually the chaos of interference in radio recep- tien will be cleared up. The new radio commission authorized under the law signed a few days ago by President Coolidge has not yet been named, and even when its personnel finally gets down to the business of administering the law, it will assuredly be some months before radio will be back on & basis as satisfactory as that prior to a year ago, when a court decialon af- firmed the right of broadcasters to “pirate” wave lengths and took su- preme control of the ether out of the hands of the Department of Com- merce. Meanwhile it appears that patience plus will be required of radio listene: until the guiding hand of Government authority gets to-work on the con- structive program promised. Secre- tary Hoover has sald that public con- venlence and necessity must be the guiding spirit behind any move that may be made to eliminate some of the 733 stations that now nightly clutter up the air. It will probably take many months of serlous work on the part of the new commission to sift out those that do not fall in this categor: There is certain to be vigorous effo on the part of the more than 200 stations which have come on the air since July 1 to retain their right to broudeust. And this is only one of the multiplicity of problems the new air administrators will have to handle, Involved in the entire situation is a satisfactory separation by kilocycles, assignment of broadcasting time,-as- signment of power so the weaker broadcaster may be heard with the 50,000 watter and many other admin- istrative problems. It is certain that many months will be required to clear up the present chaotic situation, even though the commission gets down to work with dispatch and energy. A great task, and one that means much to the entire future of thg baby fn- dustry, lles before the commission, Today there are 733 stations Lroud- casting for public entertainment where there were about 520 under the old administration. Under the old law the stations were wseparated Into classes, the class A stations, with lower mupport a Democratic wet against a Republican dry? Or is he merely try- ing to frighten the Republican party into nominating a wet by holding up A} 8mith as a bogey? Probably the latter, A lttle mathematics should wanyinge-the destor that £ the Re-'ception for power ratings between 200 and 278 meters, and the class B stations be- tween 280 and 545 meters. Extensive loW'ln great prognostication: Rain it will, rain it must. Saturday and Sun- day are generally chosen. For some obscure reasons, precipi- tation this Winter has selected these two days, ending and beginning the week with water, Perhaps Nature, in preceptorial mood, wishes to impress upon each of us the somewhat depressing fact that life is writ in water. ————— The pursuit of knowledge is com- mended by philosophe: Neverthe- less Senator Borah is regarded by some colleagues as an overdeveloped specimen of the man with an inquir- ing mind. ot Hold-up men operate with startling boldness both day and night. The days of the automobile are more des- perately picturesque than those of the old-time stage coach. e The departure of Gen. Smedley But- ler for China means an opportunity for big work. Shanghai will be an even harder town to clean up than Philadelphia. Early March is always a stormy season. Even if the climate is com- paratively mild the legisiative atmos- phere is likely to disclose disturb- anc ———— This Congress will leave some un- finished business, but will be remem- bered as having introduced one of the most notable filibusters on record, ——o—s There are several small countries on the map which apparently need more effective laws against weapon carrying. D For a debate-weary citizenship the Fourth of March will mean one of the calendar’s real holidays, e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Emotionality. We might be living peaceful all the night and all the day, It each were satisfied with more to think and less to say. ‘We quarrel about words, some of them old and others new; What often starts folks fighting is a bunch of ballyhoo. We might remove impressions that create distrust and doubt, It we would take the needful time to think them calmly out. But the artful agitator lifts a sturdy voice anew And the brainworks are stampeded by a bunch of ballyhoo! Rellef. “What is your opinion of farm re. lief?” “The discussion ought to do a cer- tain amount of good,” answered Sena- tor Sorghum. "It extends the privi- lege of hoping on; and this ought at, least to be some relief to the farmer's mind” Jud Tunkins says a statesman should not only weigh his words, but should occasionally get on the scales himself to see whether he's down to fighting weight. Worth Waiting For. Before the war we did not see Bobbed hair and dresses to the knee; And grandma’'s comment is severe, Though grandpa says he's glad he's here, Moonshining. “What does a reul moonshiner look like?" “lle bears no resemblance to the old-fushioned mauntaineer,” answered Uncle Bill Bottletop. “He wears patent-leather shoes and sits next to Taxpayer's Observation, A grafter 1s a gentle friend ‘Who leaves us apprehensive; Bince every smile that he'll extend May prove a bit expensive. experimentation developed the fact that & separation of less than 10 kilo- cyeles resulted in upsatisfactory re- t# lstener, and “Dancin’ is called de poetry of mo- tion,” said Uncle Eben, “but when I looks across de floor 1 don't see many Lot what dey ‘lutes to aa ‘pestic teqgy' » all places, a bad mind.” * % These so-called “truth-finders,” our auther ‘continues, having examined their own minds, and being there capable of tracing no ray of divinity, “nor anything virtuous or good, er lovely, or loving,” conclude that no :«;n‘h things exist in the whole crea- tion. This is the stumbling-block in life. Ev one knows how diffieult “the other fellow's view- point,” because it {s impossible to get into his mind and to know just what he honestly thinks. Every one who wishes to be fair must fight continually to make him- self belleve that others can and do actually “‘see things" differently. Practically all the daily arguments arise because one side to the dispute is unwilling to grant the possibility of there belng any other way to look at the question besides the viewpoint they personally espouse. ook ok, A superficial reading of “The His- tory of Tom Jones™ might lead one to suppose that the author’s idea of love was of the lowest, a mere animal passion. - In this chapter, however, Flelding specifically denies this, and goes on to discuss true Love, with a capital L, which, surprising enough, he practi- cally identifies with Affection, with a capital A ‘There is in some (I believe in many) human breasts a kind and benevolent disposition, which is gratified by con. tributing to the happiness of others. “That in this gratification: alon “The plot thickens.” The original resolution presented to the Senate by Chalrman Borah of the committee on foreign relations to authorize the com- mittee to spend the Summer in Mex- ico and Nicaragua, investigating the conduct of the President and State Department in diplomatic relations with those nations, provided auth ized expenses amounting to $10,0 The resolution has not been adopted, but if it should be, it is now discov- ered that the first item of expense will be a fine of $5,000 apiece for each member who thus vielates the Logan law of January 30, making it an offense for any citlzen of the United States to iInterfere with:the constitutional functions of the tive departmeent in matters of tiating a treaty, or with other matie relations with a foreign coun- try, Senatorial immunity would save them from the three years’ imprfson- ment also provided. 1t has already been pointed out, by the precedent of Washington's refusal to take the “advice and consent” ‘of & mere committes of the Senate :von- cerning a treaty, on the ground ‘that only the advice and consent of the whole Senate (those present) is au- thorized by the Constitution, so it s concluded that if Senator Borah Jeads any df the Senate he must take Yhem all—Pied Piper fashion. & ‘Then each and every Senator there- by violating the Logan law will be fined $5,000, and it becomes a prob. lem in higher mathematics how the accumulated fines will be pald within the limit of the $10,000 authorized as total expen: Not knowing how many might be paired, and so not make the jaunt, the maximum Senators might run up a fine ag. gregating $480,000, besides carfare and board—ail to come out of that $10,000 limit. Mark Twain, in “Roughing It,” tells of a certain contract to dig tunnel so many thousand feet long, through a mountain only ma thousand feet thick—some thousan shorter than the tunnel was to be, He wondered what .it was really go- ing to cost, since so much of the “tunnel must be built on trestle work.” What will the Central Amer- fcan jaunt cost if fines are bullt on “trestle work” outside of the ap- propriation? cu- * * 'he United States Criminal Code, by the Logan uct of 1798, provides as follows: “Sec, 5. Every citizen of the United States, whether actually resident or ablding within the same, or in any place subject to the ' jurisdiction thereof, or in any foreign country, without the permission or authority of the Government, direetl v, commences or verbal or written co intercourse with any foreign govern- ment or any officer or agent theraof, with an intent to Influence the measures or conduct of any forelgn government or of any officer or agent thereof, in relation to any disputes or controversies with the United Stat or to defeat the measures of the G ernment of the United States; and every person, being a citizen of or resi- dent” within the United States, or in any place subject to the jurisdiction thereof, and "not duly ‘authorized, counsels, advises or assists in an such correspondence with such intent, shall be fined not more than $6,000 and imprisoned not more than three years; but nothing in this section shall be construed to abridge the right of a citizen to apply, himself or his age) to any elgn government or the agents thereof for redress of any in- jury which he may have sustained from such government or any of its agents or subjects.” The story of the Logan law take: us back to the administration of Preal- dent Adams in 1798, when wo wers on the verge of war with France, Gen. Washington had been recalled into active service as head of the Army and the country was clamering for war. Three official enveys had been sent to France mdd..nl: Adams to sttampt BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. in friendship, in parental and filial affection, as indeed In gemeral phi- lantbropy, there is a great and ex-| quisite delight. “That if we will not call such di position love, we have no name for it. Affection might do. Specifically, the dictionary defines thia as “kiod feel- ing, or settled good-will.” The fires of love, burning down, leave affection behind, fo be more ateady than love itaelf. The tragedies in life come to those who do not know this. Fielding continu “That though the pleasures arising from such pure love ma heighten- ed and sweetened by the assistance of amorous deaires, yet the former can subaist alone, nor are they destroyed | by the intervention of the latter. “Lastly, that esteem and gratitude are the proper motives of love, as youth and heauty are to desire, and therefore, though such desire m cease, when age or sickn: its object; vet these can have no effect on love, nor ever shake or remove, from a good mind, that sensation or passion which hath grat- itude and esteem for its basis. 'To deny the existence of a passion of which we often see manifest instances, seems to be very strange and absurd." * ok ok o Fielding concludes this chapter with the following characteristic advice: “Kxamine your heart, my good read- s NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM LG M. TAR: A Midwest Childhood. wood Anderson. Boni & right. The novel is a kind of medicament taken, as a rule, hetween dinner and bedtime in easement of the real or fancied aches of the day. And for this reason ita measure is that f{t does, or does mot, provide the relief sought through its overlay of divert ing interest. In such reading there is no call for anvthing in the nature of discrimination or other mental ef- fort, no demand for the exercise of literary judgment. The applications are purely personal to the reader’'s mood, without reference to the au- thor's purpose or to the quality of his work. It is only with critics and students and schoolmen that there is any pre- tense of taking the no with enough of seriousness to make It a subject of constructive study. And from these, bent to the benefits of tag and label, of pigeonhole and card Index, the of the novel step out formally into the open. Among these studious ones there is an active and engrossing business of setting them Sher- Tdve- t Q. How does the carrying capacity of all passenger automobiles compare With that of railway coachea?—N. . H. A. Passenger coaches on rallways Q. When were the Articles of Con- federation ratified? When did the function?—E. L. ratified by all the States. The Con- grexs of the Confederation continued in formal existence until March 2, 1789. As one writer save; “It filck ered and went out without any public notice.” Q. tide?—8, ) A. There is practically no tide at the Mediterranean end of the canal, but toward the Suez end there s a rise of 3.28-5.91 feet. Is the Suez Canal affected by 5. MeC, Q. Where was the first school gar- den in the United States>—N. H. T. A. In America the school gardens movement had its beginning in the apart—realism, naturalism, symbol- ism, romanticism, and many another whatnot of the academic outlook upon the craft of the story writer. It is doubtful if the novelist him- self ever consciously steps into one er, and resolve whether you do belfeve these matters with me. If you do, you may now proceed to thelr exemplifica- tion in the following pages: It vou do mot, you have, I re you, altogether read more than you have understood: and it would be wiser to persue your business or your pleasures than to throw away any more of your time in reading what you can neither taste nor comprehend.” * o ox ok In the opening chapter to the seventh book, Fielding considers the atandard comparison of life to a stage, and indulges in & few glances at his]| own stage, the story of “Tom Jone: He instances Black George running away wi pounds from his friend and benefactor, and tells how, if this were in a play, the various sections of spectators would comment on it. ‘Those who sat in the upper gallery, he concluded, would' treat the incident with thelr usual veciferation; those in the boxes would not much care, most of them no doubt attending to some other matter at the time. Yet Fielding sa We can censure the action without concelving any ab- solute detestation of the jon whom perhaps Nature may not have designa- ted to act an ill part in all her dramas. “In this instance life most resembles the stage, since it is often the same person who represents the villain and the hero. A single bad act no more consti- tutes a villain {n lite, than a single bad. part on the stage. The passions, like the managers of a playhouse, often force men upon parts without con- sulting their’judgment, and sometimes without any regard to their talent Thus the man, as well as the pla may condemn what he himself acts. He concludes: “The worst of men generally have the words ‘rogue’ and N’ most in the mouths as the lowest of all wretches are the aptest to cry out ‘low’ in the pit. or another of these built-in compart- ments of his art. At most, one takes it, he knows himself to be a part of the general modern rebellion against the 100 per cent fiction of the earllest days of novel writing. He is in re. volt against the old blithe disregard of consistency or plausibility. He rejects the oid hocus-pocus of pure make-helieve in place of some anchor age to valid appearances. He de- spises the old sleight-of-hand in in- vention and turns himself to the cultivation of a genuine craft. This rebel recognizes a new purpose in the art of fiction—a purpose that runs along beside certain aspects of real lite. He attempts to reflect in cer, tain measure and to interpret human affairs by way of a new conception of the use of t novel. But even the boldeat of these would deny in their practice implication lying in the word ‘realism.” For the novellat, like the rest of ys, knows that truth, literal and absolute, is not for the open. Sherwood Anderson {8 a purveyor of realism by way of the novel. At least this is what is commonly said of him. But right here, in a con- fidential foreword, Anderson admits that he can't tell the truth. He's tried and tried, so he truth is not in him. H dlligently for it, under his desk, under the bed, all up and down the road, but the “rascal” is not to be found. Fact mixed with fancy—oh, lots of that; truth shaded off into half truth —plenty of that. But actual truth— it is not to be had. And vet, with “Tar” it takes no time at all to realize that here is something bigger in reality than can bhe held in the heart of one child alone. For Tar is every child in the world of his years. I, reading, am that little skirted boy catching my mothe hand, her ress, her knees, for the blessed feel of her bodily warmth. I am Tar looking with fearful heart down the long and empty road that must reach clear across the world. I, too, feel of the darkening day and the s joy of the warm bed from which I hear the bears growl around the yard, and the winds cry- ross the treetops in strange An reading, know th: they had failed and diplomatio rela- boy of the Midw: tions had been sundered. the keynote of the story, as loneliness In that ticklish moment, Dr. George is the common lot of little children. Logan of Philadelphis, a Quaker Baby adventurers, these, in a place Physician, who had served in the new, strange, terrifying. We, read- Pennaylvania Legislature and who ing here, find ourselves constantly later became a. United Stat. looking backward into our own child- took it upon himself to g hood, then running forward to catch armed with letters of introduction up again with Tar, who is h of from Thomas Jefferson, wh not us in turn, well as being Sher- 0 then a member of the administration, wood Anderson. And here is a v by way of which its author stan and Gov. McKean of Pennsylvania, With the view to preventing war. In France Dr. Logan interviewed Talley- triumphant as the proponent of & truth larger than any fact, u rand and was feasted by members of the Directory. Upon his return he called on the ported’ by imagination, can ever roject. » A’round the boy Anderson spreads, Secretary of State, Mr. Timothy Pick- in a method no different, a picture ering, who received him curtly, on Gen. Washington, whose r‘ey.m.l:: is indicated by the following pare- graph written by Washington him- wel “This drew my attention more par- ticularly to wh: e (Dr. Logan) was saying, and induced me to remark that there was something very sin- gular in this (object or hope of his mission); that he, who could only be recelved as a private character, un. armed: with proper powers and pre- sumptively unknown in France, should suppose that he could effect what three gentlemen of the first re. spectability in our country, specially oharged under the authority of Gov- ernment, were unable to do.” LR A9 a direct result of that act of what was accounted effrontery and meddling, Secretary of State Picker- ing urged Congress to adopt what is known as the Logan law, above quoted. Historian Randall say “This act not only renders such conduct as Logan's a_criminal offsense, but also every word uttered by * * © other American residents in France, to an officer or agent of its Government, for the purpose of preserving peace between the two countri To write a letter to an officer or agent from our country, for the same object, was equally punishable (See Randall, “Life of Jefferson.") Secretary of State Pickering, with- in a year (March, 1799) after the pas. sage of the Logan act, in a Jetter to Minister at The Hague (Murray), ed: 'And you will be pleased to under-. atand it is the President's opinion that no more direct or unofficial com- munications, written or verbal, should be held with a persons wha agents on behalf of France, on th wubjects of “difference between the United States and the French Repub- Me. b ‘hat was written even to our Minis. ter to a neighboring country, warn- Ing that all negotiations on such mat- ters reated exclusively in the Depart- ment of State. * ok K % The law, was violated when five eminent attorneys in New York and Philadelphia, in 1803, gave, as legal advice, certain opinions to the Spanish to the United States, regard- claims for reparation from 8pain for ships seized in Spanish ports during the Anglo-French war. The: opinions were sprung on our Minist to Spain by the Spanish government, in the midst of his presentation of the claims of the administration of President Jefferson, but by reason of |partisan influence the attorneys were not prosecuted. It is reca that only by Jefferson’s introduction h Dr. Logan gotten standing in France, on his meddling trip, which had in spired the law to stop such interfe ence. 1n Jefferson's a 1808, former Secretary then enator, who had inspired the Logan w, himself violated it in his “solicl- tude to have peace preserved between England and the United States.” Henry Adams’ historian, says, refer- ring to Senator Pickering. “Not only by word of mouth, but also by letter, he plied the British envoy. with argu- ment and evidence. 4Conoright. 1937, by _in V.Colling.) dministration, Pleker! f life in the small communities of the nearer Western States not so 11 the Civil War, a dramatic poet whose fioh} tory of a little boy, to his home fonn, !oytho Vil roundabout, to utlying lands—one, too, that pro- ects the Midweat of 60 years ago or thereabout. Here is a story that greets the well as the eve and the hear One reads it aloud. He has to. enced thoughts emerge here on the wings of fitting words to suit its measure. And the words step off in little com- ini These bands swing off to the color and sounds of life, gather- ing up the landscape as It shaped the occupations and thoughts of thd people, gathering up the men and the women in their strength and their ‘weakn: and—best of all—gathering b the boy, Tar, whom every reader knows to be his own individual self, as he used to be. * kKK THE NOT IMPOSSIBLE SHE. Arthur Weigall. Frank-Maurice, Inc. “ Another novelist who comes clearly under the head of the realist. Yet, Arthur Weigall is as different from Sherwood -Anderson as it is possible for two workers in the same field to be. Weigall is & scientist, while An- derson is a poet both at heart and in practice. Weigall at work is an archeologist digging up ancient cities. At play he is a novelist. Yet, it is interesting to see how strongly the aclentist has Influenced the artist. The one is exclusively devoted to the record of his senses, and to the pro- nouncemants of a rigid and uncompro- mising logic. Eyes, ears, toucl smell, taste—all take a hand with Arthur Weigall in his excavations. 8o, when the man turns story teller he is, fivat of all, about the c! example Imuginable of a ver realism. Not only is there little use of the imagination, here, but there Is, equally, no mollification of the harsh- n of sheer fact. 3 The story has to do with the life of an English youth from his school days on through to a career identical with the author’s own, and, as inci- dents in this career, two experiments in matrimon W of Sebastian Wak city of Boston in 1891, when Henry L. Clapp, principal of the George Haven Putnam School, established a wild flower garden at his school. Q. What other city in the United States has a place called Capitol Hill, besides Washington, D. C.7—M. C. C. A. Seattle, Wash., has a prominent hill that has been given this name. Q. How much has the use of elec- tricity increased during recent years? —A. F. A. The Geological Survey reported In December, 1926, a 51 per cent in- crease in the United States. Q. What are bank holidays? — N. I J A. Days on which banks in England and Ireland are legally closed are thus known. They are Easter Monday, Whit Monday, t first Monday in August, Good Friday, Christmas day and December 26. Q. What is the record of butter fat produced by one cow?—J. C. T. A. May Wal Ollle Homestead. a Holstein-Frieslan, produced 1,218 pounds of butter fat, which is the highest record in the United States. Q. Can foreigners vote in this coun- try before getting citizenship paper 1. H », A Some &tates permit the voting of aliens who have declared their in- tention of becoming citizens. Q. Who was Mrs. Thomas Jefferson before her marriage . P. B. A. Mrs. Jefferson was the daughter of John Wayles, a lawyer of Virginia. She was a widow at the time of her marriage to Jefferson. Her first hus- band, Bathwest Skelton, died before she was 20 years old. Q. How many islands constitute the Bahamas?—A. R. A. The Bahama Islands number 20. Part of these are uninhabited. “q. In the days of smoky, rd sooty laces and other poor housekeep- how was it possible to keep person and clothes clean with- out soap?—W. B. G. A. The manufacture of soap upon a very large scale dates only from about 1823. The use of soap is of great antiquity. A well equipped soap factory was found by the ex- cavators of Pompeli. Historical rec- ords of Italy and Spain show that 80ap was in use in those coun- tries in the eighth century. The s0ap berry was used before soap was man- ufactured. Soap berry is the com- ‘mon name of several species of Sapin- dus and of the fruits which are so rich in saponin that they were em- ployed for the same purpose as al- kaline soap before the days of that ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. have a total carrying ecapacity of bout 2.600,000. while automobiles of | today would accommodate almost 30 | times that number. Congress of the Confederation cease to | A. Not until 1781 were the Articles | article. The Chinese even vet for cleansing icate silks. Q. What Is th age cost of the ra country?—L A. Sixty stated as the average estimated eost, not including tubes and batteries. Q. What animals do not swim in- !ho mfi:-n‘ stinctively when put in water?— A. Al animals excepting man, monkeys and perhaps the three-toed - Sloth either swim naturally or geo through the motions of swimming when suddenly immersed in water. There are, however, several animals although they swim naturally, drown as they awim. This is the case with rabbits, m'ce, moles and the smaller cats, drowning being the result of the fur bacoming saturated. Q. Where {s the northernmost town in the world?—C. A. W. A. Hammerfest, Norway, Is the northernmost town in the world. It is situated in latitude 70° 40’ north, Q. How long have the Labrador duck and the great auk been ex- tinet?>—W. JI. V. A. No specimens of the Labrader duck have been obtained since 1383. The great auk is probably extinet, the last living individuals having been seen in 1844. Q. How was shot formerly made?— M. E. L. A. By dropping streams of molten lead from high tgwers into wells of water at the ttom. As these streams descended the metal formed into spherical droplets and coole when striking the water. The molten metal was poured . into colander- like basins, the size of the holes d termining the size of the stream and, therefore, of the shot. Q. Where were the first umbrellas made in the United States?>—J. R. K. A. The first umbrella factory in this country was established in Balti- more, Md., and is still in o) n. It is sald that the first uml to reach America was taken to Balti- n;:n and was first carried in that city. Q. What s t of Basil’?—C. L. F. A. Isabella was in love with Basil, but her romance was opposed by her seven cruel broth In orde frustrate the romance they slew Basll. Isabella then planted his head in a beautiful flower pot from which grew a plant which Isabella tended carefully. In Alexander's painting lutb.lll is shown standing beside the pot. he story of “The Pot L. F. Q. Can electrioc light bulbs be “home colored”?—T. O. M. 3 A. Electric Incandescent rlobu may be easily colored by dipping globes into a molution of collodion, previously colored to suit, with ani- line soluble in_ collodion. Dihud rotate quickly, bulbs down, until dry. Q. Is it possible to estimate the height of a mountain from the base without the use of instruments?—C. 8. W. A. The United States Geologieal Survey says that it is net possible for even an experienced surveyor to timate the approximate height of a mountain from the base withouyt the use of instruments. ‘L The resources of our free Inh';‘— tion Bureau are at your service. You are invited to call upon it as often es gnhu 1}?.:;' lé;n- D%-ld‘ intained dy 'he Evening Staw. so 0 serve you. What question con we anawer you? There is no charge at al} ew- cept 2 cents in atamps for return postage. Address your letter to The Evening Star .Informution Buresu, Frederio J. Haakin, director, Wash- ington, D. C. “Merit System” Seen by Press in Foreign Service Changes Several recent appointments in the Diplomatic Service have been espe- clally pleasing to the press because they gave further evidence of the present administration’s adherence to the merit system in building up Amer- representation abroad. ““The .reasonable assurance that those who acquit themselves with the highest posts has had a marked effect in improving the morale of the ‘career \men,’'” says the ‘Lynchburg Advance. here is no doubt that the Diplomatic Service now offers greater opportunitles to young men than it did a few years ago. While the high diplomatic posts are still being used for the payment, of political debts, many of the attractive positions are being filled with men in reward for ability and: service to the Nation.” Three recent promotions cited by the Indianapolis Star are ‘those of Leland Harrison to Stockholm, J. Butler Wright to Budapest and Hugh R. Wilson to the Swiss post, all of whom “have learned diplomacy and are prepared to be of real service to thelr country. Their appointments,” adds the Star, “make 15 that President Coolidge has named from the list of those who are making a serious career of diplomacy."” el “Diplomacy may not be an exact sclence,” remarks the Christian Science Monitor; “indeed, it is not long since the professional diplomatists of the world were condemned by general public opinion to bear the chief oppro- brium of the World War. But, after all, long and expert training does con- duce to efficiency in any calling.” The Monitor states that “there are those optimistic enough to hope that the day will come when the United States will make adequate allowance, as other ountries do, so that the foremost am- bassadors need not be men of great personal wealth, adequately to main- tain the prestige of the United States Government abroad.” “President Coolldge is to be com- mended,” particularly in the opinion of the Loulsville Courjer-Journal, “for selecting men trained in the Diplo- matic Service to fill the newly created posts (Canada and Irish Free State). He might have regarded the places as Jjust two more political jobs. —Inatead, he followed the tendency to recruit the chiefs of missions irom the ranks criminating work, both in respect to the personal life of the boy and in rd to a critical appraisal of the o system of education according ish tradition. knowledge has gone into this part of the story and with it insight and sympathy. Co demnation of much of this, from the standpoint of any boy, is open and wevere. Again, Weigall does surpass- ing work with the home life of young Wailsi orentiug; 16 the mpother apd tlie stepfather, that are ul( hlgfl , that are convincing and wel ) 1t is in the love life seemingly adequate one that it is not always expedient to tell the truth. There Is no question about' the truth —not a universal truth, maybe, but one that is easily recognizable by peo- ple who are not afraid to think. Folks ., to separate art from on so separated, d time to diaprove Weigall in thi® dramatic projection of mar- riage aj It no doubt sometimes proves of the service. And his. selections have been made with a judicious eve credit will in due time be promoted to | t¢ in their work and to give American diplomacy the prestige that is by that u:l :l::: n:uam w}un it considered of more importance than it ever has been in this country." “It is difficult, so long as the policy of the United States is not only the foot ball of politics, but alse de- pends upon the consent of the Senate, 0 establish a continuity like the Euro- Times. ““One of oue drawbacks has mes. ““One of our drawl been that, even when no dl-‘r&ut about the major lines of policy has ex- isted, unfamiliarity with the details of past negotiations and with the general position of international polltgm often placed our negotlators at a dis- advantage. * kK The new policy is approved by the Minneapolis Tribune with the state- ment: “The American Government is getting far away from the idea which once seemed to have some vogue that 4 man might find his way into the lesser diplomatic posts if he wore an evening suit after a manner bern, had a working knowledge of some other language than his owp, and knew how to be gracious and po! at a garden party.” The Providence Bulletin also notes the change as “en- dowing the State Department with potential strength and character as a Government agency free from tha en- croachments of politiclans or_ ambi- tious contributors to campaign chests."” Significance is observed by the Bal- timore Evening Sun in the proportion of career men selected by President Coolldge, “in view of the fact that it far exceeds such appointments made by previous Presidents,” and that pe- per feels that “signs favor the impres- sion ‘:::z the Diplomatic Service im at Iast being placed on what may be termed a professional basis.” The Ph'ladelphia Bulletin finds “x_suf- cient incentive for the ambitious young American to enter the foreign service in its lower branches with the purpose of making a ‘career’ and with substantial certalaty of achieving pro- motion.” - . Nizam of Hyderabad Now Writing Poetry “His exalted highness, the Nizam of Hyderabad, having been freed from the cares of state by the creation of the executive council, has transferred to the particular fitness of the ap- pointees for their new roles. In ex- tending the merit system he has strengthened the Diplomatic Service.” * kX X The Portland Evening Express sees indications that * ‘dollar’ and ‘shirt- sleeve’ diplomacy has seen its day in the American service, and in the fu- ture American representatives will not be %o picturesque as they have been in the past.”” The Express b that the new envoys “can be expected to be a match for those they will meet tobes match Tor those they will meet y fearleas story, one that is essentially true in possibly a limited application—an Intensely interesting story besides, whose structure is of the methodical and coherent kind, comporting with the full snbstance of this man’s quite unusual equipment. Arthur Weigall has written other novels but none that compare with this one for substance, for serious tent, for his energies to another branch of hu man culture and has begun to write poetry as a pastime. Several special issues of the State Gazette have been brought out con- taining the verses in Urdu (prineipal Hindu_dialect) of his highness and velvet-bound copies have mm lished, which the state nobles are com- pelled to buy at the high price of $40 a copy. The. money goes to the private purse of the Nizam. Public opinfon considers this perhaps a better type of taxation than tLe old system of presents which the ruler used to in- dulge in before the government of India stepped in with its ultimatum. —_— Underpaid. From the Columbus Dispatoh. A Julian Abeles hears and passes upon all the new jazz “music” that is. written, for which he 000 RS VRaSE