Evening Star Newspaper, February 27, 1927, Page 46

STAR] With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY......February 27, 1927 THEODORE W. NOYES. Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company 11 e AP 0TS ave } ’!(_'mYDrk ce: 110 E‘a’ ‘l"nd 1. “hic: ! Tow n !-nmm“o"mu."u?a ot St.. London, England. e Evening St with the Sunday morn- Hition 15 Solvered by carirs, within ™ ' 0 s ity at 60 cents per monih oty 4B cenis per month: Sundays only cents | gor, month. Orders may be sent by mail or | laphone Main 5000. Collection is made by earrier at end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. afly and Sunday....1yr. $000:1mo. 7 aily onlx 130 $8.00° 1 mo ynday onl; 15, §30001mo. All Other States and Canada. afly and Sunday..] yr.$12.00: 1 mo. £1.00 allr only 1yr SR00: 1m0l 15t unday only ... 1yr. $4.00:1mo. 38c| Member of the Associated Press. The Astoriated Pre xeTsively anti tn the liea for republication of Al news dis-{ paighes eredited ta it or vot ‘niherwise cred. | Yed in this papar and alen (he local mews publiched heten AT righfs of publieation % &pecial dianatchas herein are aleo reserved An Inspiring Address. At the recent twenty-y sary celebration dinner of the Cham- ber of Commerce ex-Representative Mondell made an address which ap- peals to the Washingtonian as whole some, helpful and inspirin stressed the two vital headliners in the District’s list of basic needs—political equity and financial equ Political equity will be satisfied only by voting representation of the District in Con gress and the Electoral College, and this representation, Mr. Mondell urges, #ince it dops not disturh in the least control by Congress of the National .Capital, cannot much longer be with- held. Denial of this representation vio- lates the basic principles of Ameri- eanism and slurs and injures hoth Capital community and Nation. Grant of this representation works no injury to any one, either to the Americans of the Nation or the Americans of the Caplital community. Mr. Mondell's confident prediction of the Americanization of the fine, strong American community which has developed and is developing at the seat of Government volces the enthusiastic optimism of every legal ‘Washingtonian. Mr. Mondell's suggestion concerning | financial equity for the District is equally vigorous, pointed and helpful. He expresses the opinion that*'the proc- ess of whittling down the proportion which Uncle Sam pays toward the upkeep of the District has progressed quite as far as it ought to go,” and he urges that “the time has arrived when | in all fairness and justice Uncle| fam's ‘lump sum’ should become a| Jarger lump and more of a sum.” Mr. Mondell's long experience as a ! theughtful, helpful legislator, both for the Nation and the District, gives pe- culiar weight to his opinion concern- ing the relations of Nation and Capi- tal and concerning the just obligations | of both parties to the National Capi-| tal's partnership. | nniver- ———— | The Traffic Office Probe. | | herent 4| taken | e only $10,000,000 a year. leniency protested the “severity" of the laws that arbitrarily send the person convicted of four felonies to jall for life. In some cases pleas were ac- cepted by the authorities which per- mitted the criminal to be charged with a first, second or third offense in order to save him from the heavy sentence, and judges have, in open court, de- clared themselves as unwilling to give the life term, deapite the fact that the law gives no discretion to either dis- trict attorneys or jurists. In regard to this phase of the ques- tion the Court of Appeals ruled that: This may work extreme hardship in certain cases where the sentencing judges would be justified in feeling that the punishment was too severe for the nature and circumstances of the crime or crimes committed, but these are matters for the Legislature or the executive. Courts have no in- power to modify statutes to meet exceptional cages. TUnquestionably in gome cases it may seem to be a¥ lack of justice to sen tence a man to prison for tha rest of his natural life, but the fact must be into consideration that New York has for vears waged an unsuc- cessful fight against the underworld members who have been sent to jail time and time again only to emerge after a few vears with a parole and smiling face to continue their depreda- tions against society. When a man on four occasions com- mits a felony it is difficult to regard him as anything else than an habit- ual criminal, a menace to the munity and an evil influence should be eliminated by the means available. The Baumes laws in thelr comparatively short exist. ence in New York have heen ex- ceedingly effective weapons in the bat- tlo against lawlessness. They are slowly but surely ridding the city and State of a large proportion of their crimina] element, and are causing the stick-up man and the burglar to “think it over awhile’ hefore starting out to add to their totals of convie- tions. Leniency to the criminal is not the order of the day: conditions have forced a change, and now it is up to society to protect itself and to bring | home to the underworld in no uncer- | tain manner the edict that tolerance | has ended and that henceforth swift and certain punishment awaits it. com- that best —————— Provisional Debt Payments. _ Premier Poincare, in a speech he- fore the Chamber of Deputies, con- firms the report that France plans to tender provisional payments on the French debt to the American Govern- ment pending ratification or rejection by the French Parliament of the Berenger-Mellon funding agreement. When the French proposal reaches Washin-ton officially this Government will have 1 delicate question presented to it for + lution. It is unoificially reported that it is the purpose of Poincare to offer pay- ments at the rate of $30,000,000 a year, which is approximately what the Berenger-Mellon agreement calls for at the heginning. France now is pay- ing $20,000,000 a year on the debt which resulted from the sale to her of surplus military property.. The in- crease in payments, therefore, would Ordinarily a creditor, no matter how. large the Although investigation of the traffic office in connection with irregularities | in the signal gight contracts is far| from complete and sensational de.{ velopments may break at any time,! the vigorous action so far taken to| clean up the upsavory mess by the! Commissioners and the House com- mittee is to be warmly commended. | After the revelations made before | the Gibson committee the other night | by. the assistant traffic director, there | was no other course open for the! Commissioners but immediate sus-! pension of this official. Irrespective of | his motive in allowing the irregulari-| tfes In the contract to exist, these ir-| regularities are a fact, and this alone | is sufficient cause not only for thej most searching investigation of thej whols procedure in the traffic office, | but & summary suspension of the as- sjatant director while the probe is taking place. When the investigation 18 complete and the issues, now cloud-| ed, have been cleared of doubt, it will be easier for the Commissioners and | the community to detérmine what further procedure justice and the pub- | lic welfare will require. It will be unfortunate if the investi-| gation and any’ action which may be| necessary after it is concluded, however drastic, should delay the carrying out of the automatic light program. Re- gardless of the official acts of the assistant director in connection with the contract the lights =o far installed | in Washington have promoted safety | and have proved beneficial both to motorists and pedestrians. An am- bitious schedule has aiready been laid | down and approved for the compre- hensive extension of the system and every effort should be made to prevent interference with its prompt comple-; tion. Automatic lights are the modern method of regulating traffic and they are used in every large city in the United States. The tional Capital Iagged behind for years in the utiliza- tlon of this system and only recently has it begun to catch up. It would be unfartunate if in addition to the humil- iation and injury suffered by the com- munity in connection with the dis- closures of irregularities in the traffic office the progress toward completion of this public improvement should be checked or seriously delayed. —————— As usual, the farmer finds price-fix- ing more likely to be arranged for by the Chicago Board of Trade than in the halls of legislation. PUS- Baumes Baws Upheld. The Court of Appeals of New York has upheld the constitutionality of the Baumes laws, and in its decision has dealt a telling blow at the criminal element which, under the old statutes, debt, would be glad to get $10,000,000 on account, but considerations enter into the French debt problem which are not involved in ordinary transac- tions. It is the desire of this Government to have all the war debts placed upon a definite basjs, and France is con- spicuous among the few debtor nations which have failed to do so. The only “club” the United States can wield to enforce settlements is moral pressure and an unofficial veto on bank loans. Should the United States accept pro- visional payments pending the time the French Parliament saw fit to rati- fy the funding agreement it might be construed as assenting to and acquiescing in the delay, and the club would loge about all of its effective- ness. e There is the further consideration that, lacking the Berenger-Mellon agreement, France is due to pay the £400,000,000 surplus property debt in August, 1929. France sought and ob- tained incorporation of this sub in the general debt-funding treaty, and avoidance of the necessity of meeting this huge payment two years from {now is a powertul incentive for rati- fication of the treaty. If the United States agrees to acceptance of the Berenger-Mellon schedule of payments pending ratification, France undoubt- edly would contend that this auto- matically carried the $400,000,000 into | the general debt fund, and there would be one less incentive to ratify the agreement. It certainly is a question for serious consideration if this Gov- | ernment would not lose more than it would gain by accepting the payments Poincare proposes to make. ————— Thanks to filibustering, it may yet become necessary for a statesman. to demand a folding bed, as well as a seat in the Senate. N Blue-Blooded Words. Among recent callers at the White House was the Marquis of Queens- berry, grandson of that nobleman Whose regulations governing boxing contests replacad the brutal London prize ring rules under which, for a century or more, pugilists had bat- tered one another with bare fists. The visit to these shores of the youthful peer brings to mind usage of a num- ber of great names occurring in Burke and Debrett wherein one forgets, pro- vided he ever knew, that the word chosen comes directly or indirectly from the title of a duke, an earl, a baron or & knight. We say briefly “Queensberry rules' and let it go at that, seldom stopping to think of the flesh-and-blood, sport- loving marquis who invented and cod- ified them and made them popular. The commonest example, perhaps, is the sandwich one selects for himself was enabléd to commit crime after erime without adequate or sure pun- ishment. When the Baumes laws,were first put in effect in the courts of New York those opposing the laws as too drastic gathered their forces and took every available means of nuilifying thetr effect. Judges, district attorneys and others who were inclined to regard at the cafeteria. This simple bit of provender was invented by and named for an Farl of Sandwich. “Cabal,” meaning a political obligarchy usually of sinister aspect, is a synthetic word Invented by our English cousins out of the first letters of the surnames or titles of five not very reputable nobles of a few centuries ago, and we have THE SUNDAY STAR. WASHINGTON, D EVERYDAY RELIGION torians and oceasionally of headline writers, “He is a perfect Cheaterfleld” is a common expression in which the Earl of Chesterfield haa become almost a common noun, while the man behind the scenes who pulls the wirés to put other people into office is often called a “Warwick.” “Wellingtons” are a style of short boot. Norfolk jackets are popular garments, although wheth. er the Duke of Norfolk himself set this fashion is not clear. A golfer wearing a Cardigan jacket, named for the Earl of Cardigan, and with a Rag- lan overcoat, named for an inventive lord. hanging in his locker, is told by his partner to “Lay on, Macduff,” title of a living earl. Later he may pack his “Gladatone,” named after a man who refused titles, in preparation for a trip to witness the Derby down in Kentucky, named for a British horse race which, In turn, was named for an English earl. Place names and proper nouns de rived from or closely connected with titles are usual énough in America. A v examples will occur readily to mind, such as Amherst and Dartmouth Colleges, Airedale dogs, limericks, that lowest form of postry, and the jerseys pvhich athletea wear. Some- times a young gentleman who rather fancies himself as a squire of damee is called a “Ldvelace.” The list de- rived purely from British sources is a considerable one. When one goea be- vond the bounds of England, Scotiand and Ireland, and discusses Bismarck herring, pompadours and Nesselrode pudding, it would em that our dem- ocratic langunt. containg a number of highly istocratic words which, like t=:. aristocrats, often travel in- cogn! The drama has long been utilized for one kind of propaganda or an- other. Even Hamlet wrote his play not merely for art, but with an ul- terior motive pertaining more or less to politic: A new diamond diadem, purchased by popular subscription for the Bel- glan Crown Princess, means nothing to her so far as intrinsic value is con- cerned. It means a great deal as an evidence of loyalty and affection. ——— When Boulder Dam fs cofistructed, as it must be eventually, it will be nac- essary to work with extraordinary speed ‘in order to make up in some slight degree for the delays caused by preliminary discussion. oo It is not necessary for a statesman to be sure there i& no “graft” in his home town in order to feel warranted in starting an investigation in Wash- ington. ——— The Oklahoma Legislature wants Gov. Johnston to get rid of a feminine political adviser. A woman's intuition is wonderful, but in this case it did not An Awakening Conscience. From the National Episcopal By the Right Rev. James That there has besn a deepening concern felt all over this country for a mor» pronounced or demonstrable Christian faith 18 conspicuously evi- dent. One of the striking ‘aspects of this is discloged In the demands of high-minded laymen, who more and more are coming to feel the need of a revival of the things of religion. A little while ago Henry Falrfield Os horn, the distinguished scientist, maintained that secular education would fall of its high ends unless the “great imperatives of religlon” were taught. Repeatedly of late the secular press has, in striking editorials, urged the need of bringing the fundamental principles of life, taught by Jesus of Nazareth, to bear upon the problems of our social, economic and domestic life. To assume that husy men and prove reliable. ————— An exceptionally warm Winter would be more valued by humanity if it did not appear to make conditions s0 pleasant for thesinfluenza germ. B D S—— Desertions in China are so frequent that the war may eventually be de- cided by ascertaining which army has the most popular generals. ot SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. February. February moves along, Patriots are going strong; Birthdays fraught with memories Came in view from date to date. Those with sentiment so fine Welcomed good St. Valentine; Still we hail him as a saint— Some folks whisper that he ain't. Patriots of long ago Prompted many a goodly show, Yet St. Valentine once more Thrilled the heart, just as of yore. Sad divorces come to view, Alimony’s asked anew; Called a “saint,” he has his fling— Many vow he's no such thing. Gathering Information. “A man in your position has to learn a great deal.” “Undoubtediy answered Senator Sorghum. - “Life is getting to be one investigation after another.” Wise 01d Owl. The owl's a bird exceeding wise, He hoots, but never laughs or cries; He waits aloof, both day and night, And doesn't get into a fight. ‘We might avoid some discontent If owls unto the Senate went. Jud Tunkins says Pansy Pyetin won a prize in a beauty contest years ago, but her two sisters, who learned to cook, got married and Pansy’'s an old maid. Practice. “Where's your boy Josh?" “Asleep,” answered Farmer Corn- tossel. “At 10 a.m.?” “Yep. He's learnin’ the banjo and is practicin’ stayin’ awake nights so's he can hold & job in a night club,” Regulations. Though your ideals high are set, ‘When by the laws you're tested, Yqu find you're almost sure to get From time to time arrested. “A fight,” sald Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “is a clumsy substitute for a fair and decent argument.” “It looks to me,” said Uncle Fben, “like de monkey had some de best of de discussion ’bout evolution. He never took de trouble to say a word.” e, A Hard Job. From the Wall Street Journal. In these days of shifting matei. monial combinations, it is difficult to tell who's whose. pEm Otherwise Perfected. From the Birmingham News. All the radio needs now is an at- tachment to swear while you are try- ing to tune out what you don't want. —————————— Added Responsibility. From the Passaic Daily Herald. Talking movies have been perfected and now some of the motinn picture actors willehave to brush up with a the habitual criminal with old-fime adopted it, to the pleasure of his- correspondence school course. i women immersed in worldly affairs or their own individual concerns are giv ing no heed to religions matters is to reckon without knowledge of facts, If we are observing and in- formed students of our age we shall readily discover that there is a deeper vearning today for the teachings of the Christian faith than has been witnessed for generations past. The very fact that in certain places a frontal attack 18 being made upon Christian institutions and that move- ments are afoot to displace, if not to dishonor, the Savior of men is arous- ing those who hitherto have been quiescent and apathetic. When the world situation is as eritical as it is today, when men and women are look ing for light and_encouragement on darkened and difficult pathways, | becomes imperative that those deep principles of life which the Master taught should be more persistently and insistently presented than they have been during recent years. Men may not he interested in stern dog- mas or the peculiar doctrines of gome religious cult. They may not find themselves wholly in harmony with the habits and practices, the forms and usages of some particular church. On the other hand, they are interested and fascinated by the life and teach ings of Jesus of Nazareth. A brilliant writer Never have men longed for faith as they long today. They may call themselves agnostics, skep- ties and non-religious, but at heart they yearn for a vision of a spiritual order, for a revelation of truth and goodness, and the man to whom this revealing vision has come will find an audience even in the wilderness.” INSTALLMENT the | Cathedral, Washington, D. Ca E. Freeman, D. D. LL. D. He goes on to maintain that this revelation can only be made through the life of one who has come to in- carnate something of the life of Christ self: It was sald of Renan that ifl'.l“,....hr of the life of St. Franels “made it possible or him to believe in Jesus as an historie veality.” More and more we are coming to realiz forca of the Apostle’s word, “The law made nothing perfect, but the bring. ing in of n better hope did." More and more we are realizing the faliacy of attempting to regenerate human so- clety, or the. individual, through well meaning resolutions, reform agencies and institutions, or laws that seek more wholesome conditions in indl- vidual and corporate life. We may need laws of the right kind to regu late and control us in our relations one with another, but they do little to change human rnature or to give it a freshened impulse to cleaner living We attempt to make “clean the out side.” to use our Lord's words, while | within there is “all manner of un | cloanliness.” Those of us who believe that the church Is an indispensable institution and that its teachings bear imme- diately upon every human condition need 1o realize afresh the supreme im- portance of stressing with all insist- ence those fundamental principles of life enunciated by Christ. We need to believe in Him and also to give dem- onstration to the world, by consistent habit and practice, of our utter al- leglance to Him. The most irresistible force 8 a life that in itselt demon- strates the power and value of His teachings. Christianity as a rule of life fails where: its exemplars practice indifferently its teachings. It suc- ceeds where its disciples, under any and all conditions, live ifs principles. The world will rejolce to heed and follow one who has the courage, even in the face of public opinion or the conventions of polite society, to stand firmly for the thing he believes. Men and women are groping today—grop- ing for something that will satisfy the deeper vearnings of their souls. Neither prosperity nor added luxury can satisfy this deeper yearning. As a matter of fact, they only accentuate it. They demand what Matthew Arnold called, “'the gladness of Christianity.” The time is at hand when those who believe that Jesus is the bringer of this gladness, must prove it by making it evident in all the contacts and prac- tices of daily life. PLAN BUYING BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. 1Is installment plan buying, as it has been rapidly developed in the United States within the last few years, a menace to the prosperity of the coun- try? 1Is it leading people into wild ex- travagances and creating an artificial standard of living that cannot be maintained? Is it a snare and a pit- fall that makes slaves of its victims? Or, on the other hand, is it a logical economic development? Is it one of the biggest factors in the tremendous growth of business In practically all lines? Has it contributed essentially to a reasonable advance in the stand- ard of living and made people content- ed and happy? Is it in fact a form of saving, and does it tend to make wage earners and salaried workers stick to their jobs instead of being drifters? In short, is it a blessing or a curse? 1s it to be encouraged or frowned upon and even curbed or regulated by legis- iation? ; Evidently there is much to be said on both sides, for much has been and is being said pro and con. The dis- cussion was started some weeks ago and is still going merrily on, with what profit remains to be seen, for it does not appear as yet to have affected installment buyving. That also is going merrily on., One of the interesting contributions to the debate was made by Guy M. ‘Walker, a well known New York at- torney and economist, in an article in the Manufacturers’ Record, in which he advocated the whole installment system when soundly conducted. He says it is quite apparent that a large amount of the criticism of installment buying is coming from those who, through selling on installments in the past, have had an advantage over those who were competing for the in- terest and custom of buyers, and that the extension of the practice has brought more and more competitors, as it has given to the people a wider and wider choice of things they could buy and pay for in installments. Pianos Versus Automobiles. Mr. Walker cited the case of a piano dealer who denounced him for defend- Ing the selling of automobiles on the installment plan and sald it was a shame people were buying automobiles and running around instead of stay- ing at home, playing the plano and cultivating music. The dealer, sald Mr. Walker, admitted that he was selling pianos on easy payments, but coneidered that all right! “Some people who have condemned installment buying,” says Mr. Walker, “have done so under the mistaken no- tion that people are led into extrava- gances and induced to buy what they cannot afford because they can pay for it in installments, and these critics assume that if the peeple did not incur the obligation of money installments they would be able to exercise self-re- straint and save the money they now disburse in installment payments. But the truth is exactly otherwise. “The real question is: What would these people save and what would they have if they did not buy on the in- stallment plan, and the answer is— nothing! The critics of installment buying do not hesitate to praise the man who practices self-denlal and saves his money and then buys a house or a new set of furniture, or even an automobile or a piano, or a washing machine or a radio. After he has saved up his money he, of course, is entitled to enjoy whatever he bu: The critics ignore entirely the fact that possession of the new home or the new furniture, or whatever else may have been bought, increases the comfort and self-respect of the buyer, cultivates his sense of responsibility, and by that much increases his earn- in; wer. gl“l’:edom from debt i doubtless a great blessing, if you have anything to show for your freedom, but there is another blessing that is greater, and that is to be in debt for the home, the furnishings, the automobile, the washing machine, the electric refrig- erator, the plano and the radio that you would not otherwise possess, but which you will some time own free from debt because you have under- taken to pay for them in installments. Debt is not slavery when incurred in performing a duty that one owes to family and dependents, and wherr one has provided the necessities and ordi- nary comforts, it is just as obligatory to furnish such additional comforts and luxuries as are within reach with our present standards of living.” A New Form of Credit. Installment buying, according to other advocates of the system, is the logical economic development of & new form of credit—consumers’ credit. Years ago manufacturers who needed money to enable them to fill orders already received had difficulty in bor- rowing it, but bankers solved that problem by working out a system of producers’ eredits. 'That has been placed on a sound and safe basis. It - has made it possible for manufac- turers greatly to increase their pro- duction and to lower their *produc- tlon costs, with resultant benefit to the ultimate consumer. Then the wholesalers and retailers who handled the products of the manufacturers found that they re. quired borrowed money, supplement- ing their own capital, in order to take care of the greater volume of business that was within their grasp, and another form of credit, known as_distributors’ credit, was developed. Both of these forms gf credit de- pend upon the ability of the borrower to show that he will be able to pay his debts. Hence, it is asked, why is it not the next logical step to estab- lish a system of credit for the con- sumer who can make a cash payment and show to a reasonable certainty that he will be able to meet the monthly installments on his purchase? That installment buyving is a tre- mendous business builder is proved by the history of the automobile_in- dustry since selling on credit was in- stituted in 1919, and the most remark- able industrial expansion the world has ever known was begun, for ad- mittedly this growth would not have been measurably possible had selling on a cash basis continued. Today 75 per cent of the automobiles, new and old, are sold on paymlents. To the argument that people are buying cars who can’t afford them and will never pay for them, the apswer is that they do pay for them. The organization of” General Motors that finances in- stallment sales figures that its losses on unmet payments do not amount to one-fifth of 1 per cent. But there are several “don'ts” for installment buyers. Don't let a high- pressure salesman sell you something you dan't need or don’t really want. Don’t buy anything that you're not willing to sacrifice for in order to possess it. Don't buy anything that will wear out before you've met the final installment. And don't agree to pay any old price for what you buy because you are getting it on :m‘g’-?rbe Jure you are geiting real Vi for the obligation y . Cug"" : igation you are in. r instaliment sellers the perts lay down one allimportant 't Don't sell anything without a reason- able cash pavment and wi fying yourself as to the ability of the customer to meet th Sostom the deferred pay. YOUR CHILD IN SCHOOL By Dr. Frank W. Ballou, Suverintendent of Sehools. Washinston, dJunior High School Study Plan. An effcient school system is one which s organized and operated in such a manner that every pupil re- celves the kind of instruction and training which is adapted to his indi- ;}gllxlrlorn:mr :n{i h:hl(’h will prepare seful, - ou: ]I;l' as a citizen, RYA S0 nrcapets 8 has already been pointed out in these articles, the junior high school undertakes to offer a program of in- struction and training which s made up of subjects of equal value to all puplls and subjects which are adapted to thelr varying individual needs. English, history, geography, physfcal training and music are examples of subjects required of all pupils, since they form the foundation of all proper education. Special subjects for pupils with varying educational purposes in- clude foreign languages, introductory commerclal subjects and pre-voca- tional courses in the manual arts for boys and the household arts for girls. n the junior high schools in Wash. ington puplis take the same program of instruction through “the seventh (year and the first half of the eighth |Year. During this period of instrue. tion bovs take one term in each of three different shops und girls pursue a simflar program in practical arts. At the beginning of the second half of thg eighth year, on the basis of the pupll’s scholarship record, his attitude and {interests as indicated by his work in the junior higk: school up to that time, and in consideration of his probable future educational career, the principal of the schocl and the teach. ers, with the approval of the parents, determine what general line of educa. tion and training the pupil shall pur- :‘\;t 'f::((rz:‘l‘luhle;]uenl Vvear and a half on' In Sl";,?‘- the junior high pils who are to pursue preparatory work 1n the senor_hion school are advised 1o take a maximum ot the academic work prescribed for admission to wollege, including the be- ginning of & foreign language. The ithout satis. | == lamount of shop work which such pu- Capital Sidelights “Nation Building” is the subject of a very interesting address by Repre- sentative Joe J. Manlove of Missouri which was printed in Friday's Con- gressional Record. In which he in- cluded these verses: OUR COUNTRY'S KEEPER You Your country's keeper, T Te’ Gavernment s Tat pon: \Dfl.fle the woof of the fabrie, it weak or strong and true. You are of the people. . Through vou he will fall or ri Yours is the hand that will erush Or raise her gpires to the akies. You are vour country's keeper. And yours forever the blame 1f the finger of acorn be pointed At a country sunk in shame. Yours ia the hand that will guide her. And yours forever the praise e girds herself with a glorr ¢ ahall Tast through the Tength of days. s her The historlan of the House, the man who writes the official record of what the House doea that the record may be preserved for futurs generatlons, holds a very important position, about which little is known even by mem- bers of Congress. Leroy D. Brandon is just rounding out his second Congress on this job, previous to which for four years he had charge of preparing the calendar of the House, and before that, since 1900, he was employed in the Govern- ment Printing Office. So he has had 27 years’ service for Uncle Sam. and has a rather unusual distinction of having been drafted from the Civil Service rolls to take a job with Con- gress. The Journal clerk is the only em- ploye in either branch of Congress who i& under two officers. He repre- sents the Clerk of the House at the desk and is directly under the clerk. He is also under the Speaker, who | under the rules must approve rh-{ Journal each day before it is read to | the House. The late James R. Mann once said that_the position of Journal clerk In the House was one of the most impor tant, if not the most important, cleri- cal positions in Congress. Mr. Mann often remarked the necessity of the Journal being carefully prepared. The Jounal must be written as eare- fully as bills are prepared. An effort has been made in the past few Con- gresses to follow as nearly as possible, under the rules of the House now in force, the style emploved in the early days of the Congress. To make the Journal accurate, minutes must he kept and the Journal clerk must know the rules of procedure, to the end that when the Journad is written in full the proper sequence of motions may he followed. To this end, the Journal clerk must be at his desk at all times during sessions of the House. The Journal clerk handles all pa- pers. Al hills passed must be cor- rectly indorsed and passed on to the enroiling clerk for engrossment. He must also see that the proper mes. sage iz fent to the,Senate. All mes- sages from the Senate pass through his hands and he must see that all papers are in proper shape be- fore consideration by the House. Reports from the enrolled bills committee come to him and, also, messages from the President. He must know the duties of other em- ployes of the House. Too riuch stress cannot be lald on the importance of the proper indorsement on all meas- ures before the House, and especially on those to which there is a disagree- ment between the two houses. He must know where all official papers are, and also their status. If this were not done, it would be impossible for Congress to adjourn with anything like a clean slate. . The Journal states what happened, without reason or debate. It takes great care to keep the Journal abso- lutely correct in every particular, as is necessary in the official proceedings of the House, The reporters of debates take what is said, and it falls to the Journal clerk to see that all bills, messages and papers of every description are turned over to the Record. Not only must the Journal clerk be at his post of duty at all times, but when the House adjourns each day his work on the fournal just begins. The same is true at the final adjournment of a session. When other clerks are off, he has to see to the indexing of the Journal and attend to a great mass of detail matter during the recesses. Seventy-five different kinds of ink, to a total of 118,061 pounds, were man- ufactured in the Government Printing Office last vear. As a result of a special study and tests with sunlight and ultra-violet light, a satisfactory pigment has been adopted for printing posters for out- ide exposure. Other special inks de- veloped are red, blue and black stamp- pad and numbering machine inks for use throughout the entire Government service; special formulas for mimeo- graph and multigraph inks; a spectal check addressograph ink, developed at the request of the Treasurer of the United States; at the request of the Post Office Department, an indelible black printing ink for precanceling postage stamps, and a special purple copying stamp-pad ink, capable of giv- MEN AND AFFAIRS BY ROBERT One has to go to Honolulu to learn that the Prince of Wales during two visits to the Hawallan Islands dis- covered something entirely new to fall off. This s no disparagement to H. R. H., for his experience was no different from that of every novice who tries to ride a_surf hoard on the face of a breaker rolling into the heach at Waikiki. The reason the prince falls off so many things is that he trles them all. Col. Matt Winn, the embodiment of the ‘spirit of horse racing In Ken tucky, once made the sage remark that you couldn’t rule a man off the | turf for trying. and that goes for the | little prince. He could lead the snftest | of lives if he wished, hut he is ready for anything at any time. The child hood jov of “Follow my leader” has never left him. This is, of course, if | little princes ever are allowed to play such daring games. . The Prince of Wales first visited Honolulu in 1920 on his way to the Antipodes. He was fascinated by the water sports, he native hoys standing on the surf boards and riding the breakers with the grace and skill of skimming gulls, naturally he had to have a go at the game. Also naturally he went head over heels into the grinding waters, not ence, but several times, for it takes long practice to make perfect in this thrilling sport. The prince was | told he could ride the breakers In an outrigger canoe, with natives steering. with never a care or a worry, but he preferred the bhig board and the big tumble. The prince was so fascinated that he changed his return plans and visited Hawaii again on the way home The prince’s more recent. exploit of getting tangled up with his royal robes and tripping ever his sword is not to be wondered at. No one gis- likes form and ceremony more than And during the World War there were no such things as swords in the fleld. The prince served as a staff captain on the western front in France during a great part of the World War. The RBritish did not ex- ploit him, however, as the Germans did the Crown Prince. When he w: at the front, the Prince of Wa was just a staff captain, a “brass hat, if you please, and he wanted to do that “bit” as well as he could. For some unknown reason the people of the mainland of the United States appear to helleve that Hawali should be pronounced “‘How-are-you.” They are about as wrong as possible. In the land of the liquid vowels they call it “Hah-wy-ee.” It is a matter of deep regret to the old islanders that the native Hawaiian language is all too fast disappearing before the onrush of the practical and commer- clal, if not always euphonious English. Efforts are being made to adopt many Hawalian words into the English lan- guage and this custom prevails to a large extent among the American- born and English residents Missionaries from England gave Hawailans their first written lan- T. SMALL. guags as well as thelr business and social customs. The missionaries landed in 1820, They studied the sign and spoken language and dis- covered some picture writing on rocks. The latter was virtually undecipher- able. But from the native tongias the New Fnglanders caught the soft vowels which today lend them selves 8o harmoniously to Hawaflan musie and the imitatfons of it which have crept into the dance halls of the United Stafes. The missfonaries found to their amazement that only Tetters were necessary for the Hawailan al phahet. The emphasis is alway on the vowels and, in addition o these, the only letters employed are h. k. 1, m, n. p and w. The result is some rather weirdlooking combinations in print, but some very beautiful rippling words when spoken by the native. There is Waikiki, for in stance, pronounced “\Wy-keekee." and other geographical names such as Kaplolani and Nuuanu, which seem strange to the “malihinl.” or new comer, but are as common as Broad- way or State street to the “kamaa ina,” or old-timer. The average Amerfcan landing in Hawall knows about three —native words—aloha, hula and Waikiki. He chould learn at least a few more. If in the romantic lure of the tropic ls- Jands he wants to make love by the light of the moon he should know thwt the moon is “mahina” and the girl friend is “keikewahine,” whether he would have it s or not. “La" is the sun as well as the day, and a cup of “kope” is the otherwise well known Java. e angry in Hawail you which is not so hack, and might well take the place of our familiar “cuckoo.” And also in Hawali you must always be on your guard against “hoomaiimall.” which, to he somewhat literary and high: brow, means to gain one’s favor by false flattery, sometimes known as “handing out the honev." The na. tives are adepts at the art. A lot of “Ma” Ferguson's pardon- ed prisoners In Texas already are back in the toils of the law. Ona paroled person has heen convieted of stealing turkeys and ,will get 10 or 12 yvears for the “trick.” Turkey stealing in Texas {s no longer a mis- demeanor. It has been made a felony, as horse stealfng was in the olden da Texas is proud of her turkey crop, and if the vigilence committees still were in existence turkey thieves might find their fate at the end of a dangling rope. The situation justifies the recent re. mark of an old Texas ranger to the writer. “I guess these pardons aren't going to do so much harm in the long run,” he drawled, “because the folks that are deserving to be out stay out and those that ought never to have been let out will =oon he back. Just makes a little more work for us peace officers, that's all.” (Copyright. 1927.) Fifty Years Ago In The Star The decision of the Electoral Com mission not to “go behind the re- X turns’ in the How the Decision pouisiana case ; 50 years ago Was Justified. 10, Loy discussed in Washington, the Demo- crats contending that there was no justification in law whatever for the ruling of the eight swho- constituted a mafjority of that bolly, and the Repub- licans countering _with equally ve- hement claims of soundness. The matter is thus set forth in The Star of February 20, 1877: “On Saturday last The Star pointed out some of the natural consequences of the decision of the Electoral Com- sion in the Louisiana case, one objec- tionable feature being the virtual nullifving of the provision of law pre- seribing certain qualifications for elec- tors. It is therefore important to know on what grounds this decision in question was based. These were set forth yesterday in the 10-minute speeches of Senators Morton, Sher- man and Howe. The main question before the commission was, ‘Can Con- gress or the commission go behind the regularly authenticated returns of a State? ~Mr. Sherman in his speech asserted that as a question of law three months ago no lawyer in the land would have contended that Con- gress had the power to manipulate and overhaul and reverse the decision of“a State in the election of electors. He ridiculed the noton that Congress can tell a State it has violated its own fundamental law, adding that if Con- gress can tell Louisiana that, it can tell New York the same thing. He asked, therefore, if there was a law- ver in the Union who dare assert that ing a minimum of 30 clear coples, was also developed for the Interior De" partment. et plls pursue is necessarily supple- mentary to and limited by the rs&a- ments of their academic program. Puplls who are to pursue a business or commercial cqurse, whether it be secretarial, stenogkaphic or bookkeep- ing, do not take a forelgn language, but begin introductory. work in cleri- cal practice and husiness arithmetic, looking toward systamstic training in Congress can_excluds the vote of the electors of New York because they were not_appointed in conformity to the constitution of New York. “The objection raised to the legality of the Louisiana. returning board was dealt with by Mr. Morton, who said that the law of Louisiana espectally provides that a quorum of the board can transact business. One, two or thres vacancles on the United States Supreme hench do not destroy the legal character of the court. nor dn vacancies impair the legal status of the Senate. In reference to the al- leged ineligible electors he took the ground that no matter whether the typewriting within the junior high schools. In Washington pupils in the Junior high school do not take stenog- raphy. Pupils who for any reason will {nev- itably leave school as soon as the com- pulsory attendance law permits do not take a foreign language or pre-com- mercial work, but rather take an in- creased amount of manual or practical arts work. In order to provide such boys with the proper amount of such work, provision is made for them to pursue an elective manual arts course in printing, sheet metal. woodwork or machine shop, to the extent of 10 class periods per week. The election of the particular manual arts course to be pursued is based largely on the interest and suceess of the student in his shop work during the first year and a half of his junior high school course. Puplls whose futurs school course has not been detsrmined, and whose particular aptitudes have not been clearly revealed, are encouraged to take as broad a course as le, to the end that they shall not subsequent- 1y find themselves in a blind alley edu- cationally. ‘The attempt to provide courses adapted to the individual needs and in- terests of puplls has been looked upon by some as an attempt to make educa- tion easy for them. “Sufficient peda- g08Y" is a phrase used derisively to characterize this situation. The fact is that interest on the part of the pupll is the basis of all successful edu- cation. All education is self-education. No child profits by his instruction until he becomes interested in it and -applies himself diligently in mastering his school tasks. Differentiated courses in the junior high schools to meet the varying needs of pupils are not ofgan- ized for the purpose of making educa- tion easy, but, on the other hand, are for the purpose of promoting more ef- fectively the pupil's educational prog- gress, to the end that he may lose no time or effort in unprofitable attempts at the mastery of those subjects in which he has developed no interest and which may have no direct relation his prgh future jeducational na- ‘work after leaving achool, § (Copyrishs. 1927.) D electors were eligible or not on the 7th of November last, the day of the election, they were eligible on the 6th of December, when they voted with the college for President and Viée President. Certain persons are ineligible to be members of the Senate. The Senator must have certain quall fications. If he has them when the time comes to be sworn in. that is enough. For instance, if he is under the legal age at the time of election, but has attained that age when sworn in, he is clearly eligible. In this con- nection the case. of Representative John Young Brown of Kentucky will be remembered by our leaders. But Mr. Morton went further and claimed that even if the electors in question were {neligible when they voted in the Electoral College their votes cannot be thrown out. An ineligible judge may be appointed and subsequently be ousted because of his ineligibilit but every act of his would be just valid as though he had been eligible. This rule, Mr. Morton contended, held good in the case of electors.” = * x ‘The FElectoral Commission having counted the Vota!lm nfhflo;ldlflllnd 292 uisiana for lves Filibusters & g;n:lun:il ltlhat in- cated similar ac- Lose Ground. yicn'Sn fhe case ‘of Oregon, some of the Democrats under- took to filibuster. The Star of Feb- ruary 24, 1877, savs: “The filibusters in the House were defeated with great slaughter today on their motion to delay further action on the count until Monday. By a final vote of 175 to 74 it was decided to go on with the count today. Of course, this does not establish that there will be no further attempt at filibustering,” but it shows that the fillbusters are losing ground rapidly and the probability is that if on a. few more trials of strength they find their forces: diminishing in the same ratio they will abandon the hopeless con- test. The manner in which they are This and That By Charles E. Tracewell. There was a tremendous thumping of eight feet as Jack Spratt sped down the stairs after Little Nipper, vengeance in his gooseberry green eyes. Nipper, true to his name, had nip- ped Jack in the chest, after turning over on his back and casting both forepaws around the large cat's neck. Committing this ofense, the lttle fellow had declded that safety was best’ sought in flight, hence had bounced down the steps in his own peculfar way, caused by his still limping left hind leg. Nipper throws himself forward on both forepaws at once, step after step, whereas old Jack Spratt paces down. . The little cat, being quicker in all his movements, can take the flight as eastly as Jack,. desp his handicap. They scurried into the living room, causing the rugs to fly in every direc- tion. Jack applied his fourpaw brakes, and skidded to a stop direetly on top of Nipper. The latter let out a squeal, his usual method of communication, Jack held him down with one paw, then proceeded to bite viciously at his cheat, at the same time kicking him vigorously with his powerful hind legs. This time Nipper squalled loudly. like a regular cat—no squeaking. He tried to get up, hut Jack knocked him down again and majestically held him with his right foreleg. Spratt's look of triumph, as he stood there holding Nipper down, was well worth seeing. * ok ok After the assault, Nipper retired, with an injured expression, bensath a rocking chair, where he was in im- minent danger of having his striped tail cut in two. This was_the second time in two days that Jack Spratt had “beaten up” on Nipper, determined to show him his place in the household. Jack believes, with much right on his side, that Nipper is making him self altogether too muech at home. “Why, Mister,” Jack's eves seem to that shrimp makes himself at just as if he had always lived ®ofa, eats my meat, drinks my nd acts as it he owned this Nipper's most comical trick, to date, is an inimitable one of, scooting on his back beneath the davenport, using his claws to drag. himself along up- side down. He had been playing with Jack, and the latter had chased him beneath the davenport. Nipper threw himseif on his back, the favorite kitten de- fense, bringing into use all his weapons of defense. He is exactly the size for this trick, that is why Jack cannot imitate it. With his legs stuck into the alr, his paws clutch Into the under side of the davenport. He then pulls himself forward, takes a new grip and scoots forward again. His banner performance was scoot- ing the entire length of the plece of furniture, first forward and then back- ward. His speed was surprising. Jack Spratt sat across the roem, contemplating in undisguised amaze- ment this upllge-gown performance. * *® The small tiger cat has a most er- saging habit of conversing with you, especlally when he first sets his yellow eyes upon one. His meow {s scarcely that, but a sort of squeak, accompanied by a for- ward bobbing of his head. He makes this noise repeatedly, especially if he receives an answering word. It is difficult to imagine two cats who look more alike yet are more different than Jack Spratt and Nipper. Some persons profess to see no in- dividuality in cats, but in reality no two of them are aliki cut today voted solld against filibuster and the other Northern States will doubtless form in solid line on the same side as the commercial, manu- facturing and business constituencies of members are heard from. The South is also taking position on the same line and it is known that sev- eral members from that seetion who losing is shown by the three votes named. On the first they were de- feated by a vote of 145 yeas nays, on on the third by a10 to M. to 87 the second by 157 to 88 and !be Connsctl- voted today to postpone action until onday did so from other than fli- unmn&nuon- and proposed to es- tablish t fact should any attempt to carry out s policy of