Evening Star Newspaper, November 26, 1926, Page 12

OVEMBER of only 20 miles a second which would be too small to be detected over the necessarily small distances over which the experiment must be conducted. The experiment after all, he says, does not depend so much on the exact speed of light but on the actual time a beam takes to traverse certain mea- surable distances. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, 26, 1926. TESTS MADE OF LIGHT'S SPEED UNCOVERED IN OLD FILES HERE A remarkable example of precision in scientific research has just been uncovered in the old records of the Bureau of Standards. Twenty years ago Dr. N. Ernest Dorsey, then a bureau physicist and | now on the staff of the National Re- |search Council, and Dr. E. B. Rosa, Scientist Uses Tiny Mirror to Prove Opponents of Rela- | areh, Conel 2t e he specd of {light at 299,790 kilometers a second. tivity Wrong. | Last week Dr. Albert A. Michelson of | the University of Chicago. inventor of the interferometer, announced that | he had fixed the light speed constant, after a lifetime of experimenting, at 299,796 kilometers a second—approx- imately 20 miles a second slower than the accepted figure of 299,860 kilo- meters a second. Dr. Michelson’s figure was reached by direct physical measurement of the speed of light itself traveling be- tween two mountain tops. Dr. Dorsey and Dr. Rosa approached the prob- lem from an entirely different angle and did not use light at all in their experiments. The two were among the early experimenters in this country along the lines of the electro- magnetic_theory of light, advanced, | but never proved, by the Engli | physicist, Clerk-Maxwell, which may | | be considered the foundation of the radio. D. 0., tween two electric charges. The sec- ond is the electro-magnetic, or the extent of the magnetic fleld produced by an electric current. The ratio be- tween them, accurately measured, should give the speed of light very exactly.” Dr. Dorsey considers that the ac- ceptance of the new figure which will follow the Michelson announcement is very important to the science of physics, but will be by no means as revolutionary as has been predicted. It may be necessary, he holds, to re- test some theories by applying the new figure, but the difference is too slight to seriously affect the measure- ments of the universe, which have been reached by using light as a sort of celestial yard stick. Particularly, Dr. Dorsey believes, there will be no effect on the Michelson ether drift ex- periments, upon which the Einstein theory originally was based, and which some have predicted might be overthrown by the new light speed constant. Theso experiments showed the light apparently moved no faster in the directlon of the rotation of the world than in right angles In this " i rection in spite of the fact that the 1 e = ether through which it presumably Dr. Boice’s - was moving would be carried along by Prescription Tablets D" C 7l the movements of the great body g 3 (rushing through it—in other words —will check its progress 7 and give real relief. 7 that light moved at the same speed Fine for rough, blotchy skin FRIDAY, of the Impeial Shrine, will take the form of a tower containing 100,000 pearls. At the unveiling a religious masgs will be sald for the repose of the souls of the oysters. As EBONITE Strings toaStick { SortWi To Offer Prayers for Oysters. In memory of oysters who gave up thelr lives for the sake of the artificlal pearls they produced, a Japanese firm that has won riches in selling thou- sands of the synthetic gems, is to erect a shrine at Ise, Japan. The shrine, which will be erected in front TESTS SUPPORT | EINSTEI THEORY $3.50 Philadelphia $3.25 Chester $3.00 Wilmington And Return Sunday, Nov. 28 Similar Excursion December 12 SPECIAL TRAIN Washington ... Standard Time. Returning . Philadelphia . Chester corrections were applied because of he determination of more exact fig- ures for certain electrical units. The figure finally published was not put out with very much confidence that it would upset the generally accepted constant. “We only claimed,” said Dr. Dor- sey yesterday, “that our flgure was correct to one part in 10,000. Up to that time the best figure obtained by such means was not claimed to be cor rect by more than one part in a thou- sand and we were satisfled in having made 10 times more accurate measure- ments than nad ever been made be- fore. “We allowed for an error of 1 part in 10,000 in the figure for the speed of light obtained by direct physical measurements of light itself. By mak- Ing both of these corrections our fig- ures would have about coincided. But from the latest developments it seems we might just as well have claimed an accuracy up to 1 part in 30,000. Speed of Light Measured. “There are two systems of electrical units, upon either of which scales of voltage, current, capacity every kind of electrical units—can be uilt up. The firgt is the electro- ldlk‘ or the force of attraction b SUCCESS and HAPPINESS depend largely on Good Health The great enemy to good health is con- stipation. If your dally habits do mot drive the poison our of your system you will certainly pay the penalty of your neglect. If you want long usage and less repair bills use Ebonite in the rear axle gear cases. Just say “EBONITE” Be Sure You Get It 20 Cents a Shot ONE_FILLING WITH EBONITE WILL LAST 2,500 MILES From the Checkerboard pump only, and In five-pound cans. At All Good Deulers’ | 20 a.m. 1‘ | Special Dispateh to The Star. PASADENA, Calif.,, November 26.— The failure of a tiny mirror, half an inch in diameter, to turn when Dr. Carl T. Chase of the Norman Bridge Laboratory of Physics here was per- forming an experiment may prove to be strong evidence in support of Ein- stein’s theory of relativity. It differs from results obtained by Dr. Dayton C. Miller and which have been inter- preted by authorities on the subject as antagonistic to Einstein’s ideas. In Dr. Chase's experiment, he re- peated one performed by two English | Physicists about 20 vears ago, and | which was repeated in Germany with- |in the last two years. According to ’lho older ideas, which relativity ha changed, all space is fllled with a hy pothetical medium called the ether, which iIs stationary, while the planets, including the earth, and other astro- nomical objects move through it. If this were the case and a small condenser, similar to that used in radio sets, were on the earth, moving through the ether and were hung free ly so that it could turn, the motlon through the ether would tend to twist it. In the previous attempts, no such rotation was found. Experiment Blocks Twisting. According to Dr. Chase, however, the way the experiment was done pre- viously was such that even if the con- denser had been moving through the |ether no twisting could have taken| The experiments were conducted | {place. Tn the German experiments, |over a period of three years and late conducted by Dr. R. Tomaschek of the = - g 780 p.m. o L7550 p.m. v. Wilmington .8:10 p.m. Consult Ticket Agents Ba'timore & OhioR.R. Constipation is always annoying, most always painful and very often serious AT YOUR DRUGGIST'S HETALWEATHERbTRIP regardless of the speed of its sources! Keeps Cold Out— Reeps Heat In | of origin, This experiment, Dr. Dorsey holds, | can hardly be affected by a difference SIS :zs::&:&m&&&&m&&m&.&&%mm&m&mmm&&x&&m&&n& gngmdmmdéLmhmm[wwnSmfififimm Silk Step-Ins, $1.95 Tine, Soft Quality Crepe Chine Step-in<; lace trim sizes, 19 to Z5. Dr Dorsey’s Theory. This theory, as stated by Dr. Dor- sey, was that “the disturbance giving the sensation of light consists of elec- tro-magnetic waves, exactly similar to radio waves.” That is, that the dif: ference between light and electricity is a matter of the length of the waves set up in the ether. Acting upon this principle, the two measured the ratio between the electro-static and electro-magnetic units of electric- ity. which, according to the Maxwell theory, would.give the exact rate at which either electro-magnetic waves or light traveled. e “S’* Shape Fold Gives Double Spring Action Provides s snug westherproof seal thi eonforms to all warping, shrinkage, d sxpansion of doors. 3 Bronse—it lasts forever. EASY TO APPLY Mechanical skill not necessary. M bammer aud shears sre only tool For by sl hard: ale Ask to see Madels and full directions for appiyi 1f dealer can’t supply you write direct to \V J. DENNIS & COMPANY Wool Hose, 85¢ Irregulars of $1.50 urnde Four fashionable shades; full-fash ioned; sizes, 81z to 10. Boutonnieres, 50c —to $1. They make spl 4ifts. Assortment of flow: street und dress wear. boxed, for gifts. - y of Heidelberg, { connection of the { with the electrical apparatus required | _—_P-— T e 2RI Pt BRI EG - o St O 20 W. 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WR%&?&?&?&?&W&?&?MW?&%»&M FRANC JEWELRY CO., 627 7th St. N.W. Special Sale of 100 MANNING & BOWMAN PERCOLATORS to charge it was made through the fine upper wire by which it was hung | and through a wire hanging from it and dipping into an acid solution. He has repeated this arrangement and has found that the friction of the wire in the llquid is so great that the top of the suspending wire can be deliberately twisted through two or |three complete revolutions without turning the condenser, or the mirror attached to it, and by means of which | the rotation is measured. In Dr. Chase’s apparatus the con- | denser and the mirror are hung on | a wire of phosphor-bronze a yard long and two thousandths of an inch in diameter. A duplicate of this wire, fastened at the bottom, provides the other conection, while the condenser itself 1s inclosed in a steel cylinder 9 inches high, 3% Inches {n diameter, | with eighths of an thick. Tubes Contaln Wires. Long brass tubes from the top and bottom contain the supporting wires .The steel cylinder prevents heat cur rents within and electrical disturb- ances from without. The condenser ‘was about an eighth of an inch thick, weighed about a third of an ounce and had a capacityt of .04 microfarad. To make the observations, readings had to be taken of the apparatus, by means of light reflected from the tiny mirror, every 5 minutes for 24 hours at a stretch. No evidence of any turning corresponding to a mo- tion of the earth through the ether was found, says Dr. Chase, even though he has estimated his apparatus delicate enough to have detected a motion of 2% miles a second, much lessbe(hnn the motion was supposed walls fi inch PAY $1 DOWN 50c A WEEK Here's a wonderful Christmas gift that will be appreciated, and yet it’s so reasonable. 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