Evening Star Newspaper, June 27, 1926, Page 13

THE SUNDAY BTAR, WASHINGTON, WHERE POLAND’S NEW AMBITIONS LEAD LITHUANIAN UNION, PILSUDSKI'S DREAM Dictator Has Eye on Kovno as Good Place to Seize for Negotiations. TIVONIA » of The Star World AW, Poland, June 5.—In the Joseph Pilsudski there is a of Poland which does not fit map of Poland as it exists. 1 Lithuania on one end, and | > other runs off into Ukranis Lithuania is sure to be Pilsudski's first_interc He needs Kovno, and us it is not g to come by itself he will hav Q4 get it. For 1 Polish cavairy only a vide. nts and New York head « picture Kovno, howeve » Lithuanians ment not Tisten W oof L d the . merely As long Sits or Lithuanian to resist, but | sation, | 1 back | they posi lem\ = the leadin of hi 1t he isuor s tirst and talks good enough | reparations. Even immediately o carry out |immediately s for him next § | Pilsudski’'s encmies say {tion of Poland ix an smeration o | villages and trading centers domi |nated here and there hy {On the cont he is rather a |ern mitigari sman, on the of Withélm 11, He understand Al way ceonomic bas and wants to build it up, like Wilhelm, on w military basis. In his statesmanship he can |compared better to Wilhelm Mussolini. He is more of an cmperol [than a dictator. He more he is close {ple than any dictator could b The other day I sat in the 3 | Assembly when it elected him Pres! dent. and the occasion made me try t | recall the circumstances under whic | Napoleon was elected first consu Chere were differences. Pilsuds . prove the B b ht his army into to n-Polish al- | F q | the electio he did r har . 3 the presiden It would Pilsudski's cha to advance from dictator ermine. He is a bit of an orv.) 2 soldier. s is the of pomp he liked but th Sl oldier Lithuaniar to occupy « Poli v " the run | country, strik is the consent Bu state. Poles | Lithu Might Do Worse. line: but th new | contempt When he | chief of state | under escort | the to his |soldiers cheer. @MARSHAL PILSUDSKI. He lov The sa yrtant ! could be ort, minister of war. According conception, the minister war of [only his soldiers ie inspector general of the army is | his life is to hear them ory important than all the rest. | dziadek” (“Good. old. grund: r 1 for its his- about the sense of it.). rple he feels to dip his| S » everyt that is goin tion ¢ | tic States. | \Whil: Two Kinds of Poles. Broadly military state | Poles, the sndary. The | soldiers, ste nd the | their past ‘he real|and properly le has |subre at th Europeans | sudski. The oth beards, enzines . Latvia and champion Pilsudsi t 't of his plan! keep the out o the susp the: twe c big sed in home re To him Poland is and everything else is President stenographer premie office box r is right around him own political cabinet and the state is built on the army. whicn in turn is built on his own nait This is not a very tran ture, either for immediate | pean peace or disarmament lare matters ahout which | sudski is not concerncd. H lare of the destiny of the Pol | He believes they will never where as they are, and a has gi life I his people 0 destiny above Pilsudski has j what kind of ma n he decided he wi ake the leader ship of the Pol ain, noth, ing stopped him hundr % her people killed in Warsas 2 his | faller, but the 1 coup d'etat could not de him. e | poland could be no more constrained by con- | the par erations of that kind tional Assemt and Trotsky when t ski were also cheka to dispatch the o revolution: Russians Isudski | including the has a_revolutionary mind like theirs, | They feel in though turned to other ends geniality which As first marshal of Poland. hob- | per under the | nobing with M 1 Foch, Pilsudski|It-is not democ 1s looked to the r the tie tradi oniy on a hor a > easter: 1L are the trimme busin men_an wnd owners. The we: uropeans. They wer people who acclaimed Paderews went back to Poland aftel sympathized with un are o lin He wol Dnieper about P ro s to like ver, k when b the war, The Polish soldit States Gen. Haller but 1 Toseph T houshts h people, any n who freeing place their would > in most would m this mentality, nd or get the Dn Poland better than with ter d off Rur o ke it prac Russia to retake ’s mind, Iy impos ssarabia n idea of and and Paderewski an al to his milit thus dor and ifying, both the sarablan in the the frontiers, per Pilsudski. Amon went to the wger to elect Pil the powerful p a war it, with the \d Germany count on e th German Pilsudski the ts all live a ection of the sworc 1oy, but Pilsudski has g this time. h as these it is Y ski did Poland un- not but ! of of ‘the world st E. F. 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Droop’s Music House—1300 G L make his concep: fortresses, mod he | than 10 enial to.the hearts of the peo- | | | ational revolutionist “Dziadek ural | tion of | for Pil- from the United ook buck to Po- | 50 They did not un ilong with the soldiers Pade 1ss of the people of | unter | groups and the minorities in Poland, minorities, fmperial \d pros- just proved Poland is not democratic. There is still another way of look:’| ing at Poland. It was divided for 100 years into three parts. The German Poles are German trained. Like the Gernians, they say of the way the other Poles do things, ‘“Polnishe Wirtschaft,” the contemptuous Ger- man expression for things done in a dlsorderly manner. The Russian Poles are Slavonic, easier going; their territory runs off in great stretches over prairie and forest. Theirs is the tradition of revolution. They are omantisch,” y the German Poles contemptuousl; Poles of Galicla. Then there are the Austrian Poles, st of whom took advantage of the rtunities Emperor Franz Josef ustria offered them and developed Galicla into one of the richest prov- inces in Europe. .They are as good patriots as any, but, on the whole, they have pleasanter memories of the past Add to these the Russian Poles, who ploneered Russian Industry. Half of the engineers who developed Rus- gin were Poles. They are back in Poland now because they had to leave Russia. Curiously, they are the most modern, the most western. Th e not of the old feudal world, which still exists to some extent in Poznan and in Galicia; nor are they filled with the romantic aspirations ~of the Poles from old Russian Poland. To them Pilsudski is an eccentric, a charlatan, an Oriental paladin, a militarist who figures with & bayonet when he needs a penctl he Poz fear chiefly t t | their estates. supported him, expect him to chiefly, of cou ciation. Howe 3 urn he is one of the He will f | never turn, like Mussolini, from So- cialist to Socialism's arch enemy. The | fortuitous clreumstance t the | | Polish struggle for freedom and the | socfal revolution worked together for | a generation allies them for the rest | of Pilsudski’s career. | | e possible the world hear very much about Pil- during the coming months, and Galician Poles Pilsudski will divide The fadists have partly because they divide them, though through old asso Pilsudski may s an not sudski outside D. 0, JUNE 217, from the bottom up. He has with him energetic, daring men from 30 to 40. They are his boys from the rifle clubs he developed before the war and the legions he organized first in the Austrian army, then in re. constituted Poland after the war. They are like the sons of a tribal chief, devoted to the death. ‘When Pilsudski says, “I consult only my consclence.” as he_sald to the party leaders in the National Assembly when he refused even to discuss with them his coup d'etat, he means he consults only with his legionaires. They confidence and thelr faith in him is sublime. One of his closest intimates, his personal aide, Col. Wieniawa-Dingo- szewskl, happening to discuss one day the game of chess, said: “You know the marshal is a brilllant chesy player. I myself have never played but one game, and I cannot say 1 played that. It was during the war the Austrian trenches. To kill I consented to try the game a good player. Pilsudski stood behind me. In 19 moves I won the game. Every move I made was the one Pilsudski would have made, he told me at the end.” These 1,000 devoted followers, all with revolutionary beginnings, fresh minds thinking only of carrying out their chief's desire, are sure to do something different with Poland, and will make the rest of the world take notice when they are ready. There was nothing radic with Poland when Pllsuds his coup d'etat. He had to excuse, 80 he sald Poland of graft, incompetence and ished crime. Cares Little for Economic Features. In fact it had just about as much graft, incompetence nd unpunished crime as when Joseph Plisudskl was chief of state, from 1919 to 1921, und there is unlikely to be less now. He also said the Diet was unpop. ular and that was true. The Chamber of Deputies is unpopular too, but the French people long democratic history Kkr price of democracy 15 sometimes period of governme incompet Ny wrong ki made wve an was fuli unpun- oo, | bat He Poland will know he is there r ends to reconstruct the i o h 1. » f e | n d| a| v i r | T 4 1 . s Anything we say here would not do justice to the beauty of these suites. They are 11 pieces in each group, which incluc how-end bed, dresser, roomy chifforobe, your choice of a tw drawer semi or full vanit bench, guaranteed link s two fine pillows, pretty 777777 777777 NN, 777 7777777770 A truly remarkable sale for those in need of living-room furniture. These massive :lux- urious suites are high-grade in every respect. They are up- holstered in fine velour and Jacquards in all the new pat- terns. Includes large settee, large club and fireside chairs. All pleces have loose, reversible cushions that are spring filled 22227 %% Conceals continuous 72227 furniture. I 7 \ covered mattress pad. without ends, yours tomorrow and save! They ar support the i 3 their libert alone have his 1926—PART 1. The Poles are very far behind in thelr democratic conceptions, and they have turned to the man who was strong envugh to send the Diet home. It is difficult to see how Pllsudskl is going to improve the interlor econ- omy of Poland as it stands or make it very much worse. In fact he does not know or care anything about the details of such matters. In an inter- view recently he would not. talk on his economic conceptions. If he carries out his politico-mili- tary schemes, if he pulls Lithuania into the Polish State and develops the port of Memel, if he brings in an- other big granary from Ukrania, Poland will be a much richer state than it s today. If he involves it in a disastrous war, of course, it will be that much wosse off. Most of Po- land's financial difficuities so far have been due to his unsuccessful war with the Soviets in 1920. 3 But Poland is not European countries go. It Is better off than most because it has prac- tically no debt, and it started with a free gift of the railroads, telegraph, telephone, post office and state and ad- ministration property that had been developed by the old Russian, Aus- trian and German empires., This is wealth that cannot be squandered. The successive governments in Po- land also have had one basic prin- ciple—an active trade balance. The economic problem i simple. The country feeds itself. It need only restrict the import of Juxuries and encourage the sale of potatoes, timber, hides, grain, etc., abroad. Zloty, Silver Mark, Launched. When the Polish mark went down in the crash of all money in that part of the world, the zloty, & silver mark, on a parity with the new German mark, was launched. It has not up Mke the German mark. becaus | whole European economy based on a | Dawes plan_ has not depended upon {its continued value at pur. One bad [erop just after it was launched crip- pled it from the start, but it has not |done so badly and wis beginning to | recover when Pilsudski came along with his coup d'etat The iy was launched at 20 groschen to the dollar. It sund 10 to the dollar. Grab badly off as 4 zloty is now i was FOR Prices Cut D eeply % n Peerless Furniture $249—12-Pc. “Kroehler” Overstuffed Livin, Room Group With Addition ‘13 a full sizo bed. Has post -nm eretonne- A thown. $15.75. ach piece built for ye fine service, of handsome nut veneers on Where can you duplicate value like this? Convince you: self of the saving by seeing this suite tomorrow! < of wal- solid gum. of al Pieces with spring back and edges. Substantially made and fully guaranteed. With every suite at this price you get, absolutely free, a ma- hogany ' table, imported table scarf, gilt picture frame, bridge lamp and shade and two scatter swinging picture holder sunburst velour cush- Pay Weekly or Monthly at Peerless, 829 7th St. N.W. 13 likely to go slow financially, for feuf of a financial crisis interfering with his projects. He may put the coun- try on a Spartan regime in order to have the money 1o spend on afs armiy, but, while he knows practically noth ing and cares even less about the e tall of the inner economic develop ments, he at least knows the s of a budget that dc the financer who introduced the gloty, and supplemented it with a direct tax on wealth. TIn 1924 he collected 260,- 000,000 zlotys, appropriating for the state most of the working capital of the country in order to balance the budget. He expected & good crop to counter- balance the new high prices which made export difficult. But the crop was bad, the trade bala went agalnst Poland and before the next crop could save the situaticn, In July 1925, the zloty began to slip. The Grabiski government did not survive the shock. In the new government the finance minister was Zdzlechow- ski, who would have brought Poland through its financial crisis this year if he had remained in office. His suc cessor may do it anyhow. It all de- pends upon whether Pilsudski does not want so much money for nis army as to make the balancing of the bud get hopeless. Bidget Scheme Rulned. Zdziechowski, whose name looks more foxmidable in print than when it 18 spoken, took over a budget that was faililng monthly to balance by 40,000,000 zlotys. By economies he re duced’ the shortage to only 42,000,000 for the four months of January, Feb. ruary, March and April of this year. By July he would have had a bal anced budget again. His plan was to cut down the rafiroad and army bud- get for a vear or so. But his suc- cessor under the Pilsudski regime will have to find something else to cut | if he expects to balance his budget, as the type of state Pllsudski is develop- | ing depends upon its army and trans- portation for that army-—transporta- tion provided by the state. Poland Has Opportunities. Until Plisudski came back on the scene Poland was trying to run comparatively modest” concern, with fresh opportunities for growing wealth in the development of the Upper Silesian industrial belt allotted to Poland after the Upper Silesian plebescite and the oil belt in the Carpathians, Now that Pilsudski with his peri 1s has Poland in his hznd he is not going to look upon his domains asa modest concern But as he has big plans he is ver: Poland for the deve cities and of indu during the past two yer likely to be discouraged is small to date, hardly $50,000,000, Poland can stand crease in foreign i count of it having past. The only debts $178.000,000 to the Un ollion and a half gold where. t tracted privately in th Compared with other it is next to nothing federated Polish-Lithuanian-F fan state, s s Pilsudskl mind, it is ess Copy 1026.) ORDERS NEW FREIGHTERS. P)—E. W the Canadian innounced today ‘ts for three 10,000 tons Ocean between by him re ther AN enormou stment on no debt from the th has in LONDON, June y, president > Raflwa wers of pl London Mr. Be: \ ago that he had placed cor construction of two new and cargo car % ; SENSATIONAL SELLING OF SUITES AND ODD PIECES THIS WEEK!! > $229—10-Piece High-Grade Dining Room Suites ng room furni 11 - a need for it. ous piece. veneer finished on s ing_a large ohlo affet, closed sery . host chair an ohid * leather “seate See the special at $139. 7277777777727 7 7 22 Floor Samples, Slightly Marred, but Fully Guaranteed. ............ On our floors you will find one of the most com plete lines of metal beds in the city! Thiy are here in every conceivable design and in ail the Metal Beds in Wide Variety most popular finishes. Every price is greatly $€Y.95 up reduced, many of these beds reduced to— Easy Payments at Peerless, 829 7th St. N.W. Refrigerators Top-Icer, $9.75 . SN Side-Icer Fully insulated to keep things icy cold and to make your ice last longer. Small apartment house and home sizes. Pay Us in Small Payments Heywood-Wakefield Strollers $8.95 Go-Carts _ $15.95 These Baby Strollers and Go- Carts have deep bodies. adjust- able leatherette and fiber hoods that fold flat or back, drop foot- rest and reclining back. Rubber- tired wheels. Prices start ' at $8.95 for Strollers and $17. for Go-Carts, SMALL PAYMENTS NG INTEREST CHARGED FOR CREDIT ACCOMMODATIONS AT PEERLESS, 829 7TH N.W. |