Evening Star Newspaper, April 29, 1926, Page 8

s THE EVENING S8TAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, THURSDAY, APRIL 29, 1926. THIS AND THAT > BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. THE EVENING STAR Wi Sunday Moming Ealon. _ WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. .April 29, 1926 THEODORE W. NOYES. The Evening Star Newspaper Company usiness Office: St. ennsylvania Ave New York Office: 110 East ddnd st. Chicago Office: Tower Butlding. European Oftice. 14, Regent St.. London. 11th § The Evening Star, with the Sunday mom- ing adition. 13 dehvered by carriers within the city at’ 60 cents per month: dajly only, 45 cents mer month: Sunday only. 20 cents per ‘month, Orders may, be sent by mall or ialsphone Main 5000, Collection is made by carrier at the end of each month. Rate by Mail-—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. S v.oa1nr. $0.0 mo.. S1yr.83.00: 1 mo Daily an Dailv only Sunday only . her States and Canada. 4 yr. SKO0 L5 1y, $1.00: Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the for renublication of all news die- natches credited to it or not otherwise cred- vaper and aleo the local news rein. All rights of publication atches herein are also reserved. What the Hearings Teach. Washington appreciates deeply and keenly the thoughtful sympathetic consideration which the House judi- ciary committee has given to the hear- ngs, just closed, on District national representation. These hearings have sbsolutely demonstrated certain propo- sitions. Organized Washington earnestly and almost unitedly petitions Congress for voting representation for its people in fiouse, Senate and electoral college. I'o amend the Constitution so that it may become possible for District resi- dents to enjoy this distinctive Amerl- can right Congress is asked first to cmpower itself in its discretion to grant this representation. When by constitutional amendment this new nower is (by vote of two-thirds of Con- gress and three-fourths of the States) added to the list of the powers of Con- eress, then, in conformity with the sec- ond paragraph of the constitutional mendment, we shall urge Congress by majority vote to exercise this power, and, in accordance with equity and American principles, to grant us this representation. he provision empowering Congress to act takes District national repre- sentation out of inaccessibility. and impossibility and brings it within reach. Subsequent action by Con- gress will actually grant this repre- sentation and make it a reality. The organized District not only com- bines to ask for this national repre- sentation, but it is practically united in the opinion that the procedure out- lined for securing this representation is blocked by a minimum of obstacles and gives maximum promise of suc- cess. The organized District which these hearings disclose is no negligible, con- temptible community, the mere hetero- geneous aggregation in a temporary camp of transients of thousands of Government employes with permanent residence in the States, and of others, also largely transient, who house ana@ feed them and minister to their needs. The District has become, compara- tively speaking, a homogeneous com- munity, a distinct entity, with a vig- orous united community spirit, and with a people manifesting civic loy- alty and community pride. Our business and professional men. the educational, scientific, literary and artistic elements of our population, our workingmen in public and private employ, our department clerks and other Government employes, our Win- ter residents in process of conversion into Washingtonians, combine to con- stitute one of the strongest, most in- telligent, most public-spirited and most American communities in the whole vepublic. The Capital rejects the theory that it is merely the temporary camping place of transients, to remain forever a community of defective de-Ameri- canized Americang, on the same foot- ing as aliens in relation to the legisla- tive and executive branches of the Na- tional Government, and on a lower plane than aliens (the United States Supreme Court says) as suitors in the national courts. Congress will give due consideration ‘o the appeal for equity and American tair play of a community more popu- lous than seven Stat which pays mors in natlonal tax than (as a minimum) fifteen Sta which sent to the World War more of its sons than elght States: which contains, accord- ing to the census of 1920, over 300,000 residents of voting age, perhaps 25,000 of whom, expensively maintaining a «ual residence, voted at the last presi- dential election in the States because they cannot now vote here at home. The efficlency and power of organ- ved Washington svere demonstrated in the recent war in a dozen different ways—in securing soldiers and sailors o help win the war, in applying ef- fectively the selective draft, in cam- vaigns for Liberty loans, for conserva- tion and for money for the Red Cross, the united war workers' drive and for countless charities. The power thus developed is now evidently about to be turned into the campaign for national representation, Nearly all of the citizens' organiza- tions of Washington, large and small, ro-operate in the organization of the vint citizens’ committee on national representation for the District of Co- ‘umbia. What the organized District did in respect to the enumerated war activi- ies it can and will do in a campaign for its own Americanization, for the .pplication to itself of the vital prin- ciple of political equity, upon which as one foundation all these other cam- paigns and activities have avowedly been based. What the organized District resi. dents did in war-time organization shows the community's resources, ca- pacity and latent strength. ‘When we stand together, as we do now, to campaign for political equity and national representation with the same enthusiasm and the same power that characterized our campaigns for the success of the selective draft, for the Liberty loans, and for the Red <ross campaigns and the united war service drive we will move forward to certaln victory. Solation by the Nation of the prob- lem of Americanizing the community of isolated Washingtonians cannot much longer be avoided. Elther they must be taken into the American system as national Ameri- cans, in some such way as we propose in our constitutional amendment, with retention by the Nation of control of its Capital; or this control, except of the area covered by public buildings or muecessary for nationul purposes, must be surrendered, and the remain- der of the District retroceded to Mary- land or made into a full-fledged State. Or this community must be disin- tegrated as a political entity and its people as national Americans divided as voters among the States, Maryland taking all who cannot be placed politi- cally elsewhere through claim of resi- dence in another State. Such of these proposals as involve the disintegration and political dis- persal of the Capital community will be resisted to the end by organized ‘Washington, which has developed into civic consclousness and civic pride and must be reckoned with as an entity. Whatever the actual solution may be, the problem must be solved of the status—political, judicial, industrial, material—of a populous and intelli- gent American community, living at the National Capital, but politically outside of the Nation; and this prob- legm is fast becoming, with the notable growth of the class of isolated Wash- ingtonians, one of the most important and urgent which confront Congress and the American people. B The War Against Crime. For fwo days past the National Crime Commission has been in session in this city.’ This agency for the study of the crime problem in America, or- ganized about a year ago, has reached the point of decision that the work to be effective must be conducted along State lines rather than National, and that its function is to stimulate, direct and co-ordinate the proceedings in the States. Already practical advance has been made. Several of the States have organized crime commissions, and others will soon do so. The present hope is that next Winter, when more than forty of the State legislatures mounted in an automobile for use against citizens in this supposedly highly clvilized country is revolting. Chicago should rid itself of its under- world haunts and its underworld characters, and no steps should be too drastic to accomplish this most necessary clean-up. 4 The New “White Way.” High-powered arc lights turned I street northeast into daylight last night while the entire section of the city gathered, fifty thousand strong, to celebrate the opening of Washing- ton’s new ‘“White Way.” ¥From North Caplitol street to Fifteenth street mill- ing thousands, imbued with the car- nival spirit, shouted, danced and song, to commemorate the successful cul- mination of a project long desired. Red flares were set off, a parade was held and part of the street was roped off for dancing. Thus North- east Washington comes into its own, and the rest of the city extends its heartiest congratulations. Promptly at dusk the new lights were snapped on. Instantly this wide and busy thoroughfare was bathed in a soft glow. At 8:30 o'clock the parade of the Northeast Business Men's As- sociation swung into view amid voeif- erous cheering. With 150 cars and trucks, five bands and seventeen floats it was an impressive and representa- tive pageant. . Northeast Washington is to be con- gratulated on its civic spirit. Last night marked one of the milestones in its steady and progressive improve- ment. With its new lights 1{ street becomes one of the real show streets of the city The business men, the residents and the business organiza- tions of this section of the city have forged ahead, always with the vision of progress before them. The culmi- nation of the plan for a better lighted H street overcomes one of the great- est obstacles to development and opens the way for the accomplishment of greater things. —_—— The crime chronicles would show some interesting touches of novelty it a few examples, once S0 NUMErous, of will meet, they will all pass laws to jthe penitent burglar or the remorse- this same end. Crime is war against society. Or- ganized crime is organized war. That crime is organized in this country is evident. It is not a universal, country- wide organization. It takes the form of gangs. These gangs are indirectly related. They have regularly retained representatives, bondsmen and legal advisers and defenders. If a foreign power should strike this country in offensive warfare the whole people would rise in defense. They would present themselves for military service, or for industrial service to maintain the Army and the Navy. To a man and to the last dollar the coun- try would be enrolled. Yet nmow, with a war of offense raging against so- clety in the form of deliberate profes- sional crime, only a few of the people concern themselves. They look to the courts for protection, and the courts, tied and hampered with laws that have been enacted in evolution of a complex system of jurisprudence, are unable to cope with the tide of crime. The safeguards for the protection of the innocent, unjustly accused, have been multiplied and amplified through the provisions for appeals and in the protraction of trials to the point of protecting the guilty rather than the innocent. Public opinion has at last been aroused to this dan~er, and there is throughout the country today a de- mand for speedier as well as surer justice. Various bodies of members of the American bar have been studying the question for some time. The Na- tional Crime Commission seeks to hasten the work of law amendment, procedure revisicn and more effective police protection to the end of winning the war against crime. This work cannot be accomplished in a single season. Law amendment and procedure revision to be effective must be substantial and sound, and to in- sure this requires careful study. It is especially to be desired to make uni- form the practices in all the States, and hence the proposal that this work shall be carried on simuitaneously In the States through commissions that will after research recommend to leg- islatures the enactment of corrective laws. R ] Galleries tend to disclose an impres- sion that points in a congressional in- quiry may be decided by applause like a beauty contest or an old-time cake- walk. e —— Beer for medicinal purposes appears to be a failure, Evidently it tasted too much like real medicine. R B T Murder by Machine Gun. Mystery surrounds Chicago’s latest gang outrage.’ An assistant State's attorney and two companions, mem- bers of the underworld, were killed while riding in an automobile on the border line between Chicago and Cicero. The method of attack was new in crime annals. Pulling up beside the car containing the attor- ney and his friends, a' gangster anto- mobile unloosed a withering machine gun fire which almost Instantly killed the three men. Two other men, oc- cupants of the victim car, are thought to have escaped, but have left no clue to either the motives of the murderers or their own identity. Just why the murdered State's at- torney was consorting with criminals is not explained, except that he is saild to have had a lifelong friend- ship with one of them. He had made a reputation as Chicago’s “hanging prosecutor,” with a record of seven death verdicts in eleven months, but this only adds to the mystery of the antire affair. Mauy theories are ad- vanced as to the reason for the attack and more than one hundred men have been arrested, but as long as the other occupants of the State's attorney’s car secrete themselves there appears to be little hope that any real light can be thrown on either the Killers or the motive for the crime. One thing stands out, however, and that is the ruthless methods and un: flagging determination of the under- world in settling an alleged grievance. !r'_he spectacle of a machine @Sun i ful thug could be pointed out. Every prominent criminal is now busily en- gaged in keeping a stiff upper lip and posing for the camera. —— e — Chicago's crime wave has become large enough to overflow into the suburbs. 1f it increases it may be sufficient to start a back-to-the-farm movement. —at—e. Chinese have been caught smug- gling rum into this country. China discovered everything centuries ago, even the vices of international com- merce. ———— ‘Mussolini admires American motion pictures. The grandeur of anclent Rome when restored will no doubt be equipped with all modern improve- ments. ————— In spite of new problems, old ones persist. The work of fighting forest fires is as dangerous and urgent as ever. ——————————— In the matter of congressional in- vestigation just at present, every day is District day. ———ate The gun on the hip is proving even deadlier than the flask and as difficult to prohibit. — ot SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Contradictions. T read a book till I grew tired, In search of fa ts that I desired; And when, at last, they all seemed clear, I felt a sense of gentle cheer. But when I turned a page or two Somebody says they’re all untrue. I hear a lecture very good. Some things at last are understood Which puzzled dull intelligence. My satisfaction is immense Until some other speaker strong Shows that the first one was all wrong. Life is a song, the poets say— Yet everything that leaves me gay 1 am assured, in kindly taste. Is rather questionable taste. I half suspect, 'mid discontent. That life is just an argument. Language of the Present. “You did not go to the theater much last season?” “I had to quit,” answered Senator Sorghum. “As a debater I am some- what emotional and some of those plays threatened to ruin my vocabu- Art With Information. So many lovely ads abound ‘To banish every care, My radio begins to sound ILike billboards in the air. Jud Tunkins says truth is stranger than fiction, but it's getting harder and harder to wind up a news story with the line, “They lived happy ever after.” Critical Comment. “What did you think of the Rus- sian ballet?" “Artistic, but impractical. It's a terrible thing to have to take along an interpreter every time you invite a dancer to supper.” Twilight and Dawn. “Just a song at twilight” ©On the rad-i.o— Not the little love song Of the long ago. ‘When the band begins to play It conveys & warning, And in jazz time seems to say, “Won't go home till morning!” “Education teaches a man to read an’ write,” said Uncle Eben, “but it can't guarantee fo keep 'im from doin’ both foolishly.” e — * Evolution. From the Los Angeles Times. A Nebraska man has a cow with a wooden leg. This is one way to aat & planked steak. o Never before, perhaps, has Wash. ington seen so much painting as s | going on this Spring. |~ Along almost every street one can see householders on ladders, painting porches and trim, putting deft touches to window boxes, giving iron ralls ap- plications of black. On roofs of the tin variety big buckets of thick maroon-color paint ave belng applied, while in the rear of | homes amateur painters are giving the backs of houses the “once over.” Professional painters are to be seen in the downtown sections, giving busi- ness houses new coats. These gentle- men elso have their share of the strictly residential work. Hidden from the public eye, but yvery active, nevertheless, men and women are painting away in their homes. It is wonderful what a can of paint or enamel will do for a kitch- en or a bathroom. Often ‘enough housewives might better devote thelr “Spring cleaning’ to painting, securing at one applica- tion both beauty and cleanliness. A tight coat of fresh paint is a surer seal of germs than almost any amount of soap and water. A colony of germs definitely placed beneath two coats of paint, or a lay- er of undercoat and one of enamel, is put in storage forever. As for mdxw, they suffer the same merited Kok ok k ‘Women, by reason of their patience, often do better painting jobs than men. It is one thing to begin a plece of painting and another to finish it. Men are prone to start d with a smear. Women, on the ather hand, do their best work in the delicate places, such as on the baseboard along the wall er, or on the window trim. There will be less paint where it does not be- long, and more where it should be placed, when u woman paints, than when & man does the job. We speak here, of course, of ama- teur work. Professional house painters and interfor decorators are as careful as any woman could possibly be, and more often attain a greater surety of touch., ‘We Rave often wondered why women do not go into the house painting busi- ness. Especially in painting interiors, both woodwork and walls, women ought to shine. They have, as pointed out, not only more patience, but also a more certain satisfaction in the cleaning end of paint. This latter must never be forgot- ten. The primary purpose of paint is to protect. After this comes beautifi- cation through the color. Last, but not least, must be considered the feature of cleanliness. It is this latter phase of painting that appeals so much to housewives, whether they apply the paint them- selves or delegate the task to their husbands, who, nearer to the monkey stage, are better climbers. R In considering topics relating to the home, one often feels a desire, aimost a necessity, to divide mankind into two broad divisions—those who love their homes, per se, and those who only regard their homes as places to eat in, sleep In, and then get away from as speedily as possible. Between these two extremes there are many gradations, o that one may never certainly put a finger on any one and definitely brand him as be- A few days ago a new Shah of Persia was crowned, and because his name was an imaginative correspondent from London sent broadcast a vivid and romantic story of how he had risen from the runks of stable boy and private soldier in the Persian army and become King of the great_Oriental nation. He detailed ! how Reza Khan had fought the Bul- | garfans in the World War and later had been stationed as military attache at Persian embassies in various Eu- ropean capitals, where he had been popular because he was a spendthrift land a “good fellow.” | Mr. Kazemi, charge d'affaires of the | Persian legation in Washington, de- { clares that his imperial majesty, Reza | Shah Pahlavi, has never been outside of Persia but once, and that was ! when he, as minister of war, accom- | panied & military expedition against Iraq. He never fought Bulgaria or any other country in the World War and was never attached to any Eu- ropean Persian legation, though in younger days he might have been gtationed as guard before some Euro- pean legation in Persia. The name “Reza” is as common in Persia as is “Smith” in America, but, says Mr. Kazeml, it is hardly accurate to accumulate all the characteristics and anecdotes of all the “Rezas’” and attach them to one individual, simply because he has risen to distinction. Tven the charge d'affaires has not yet recelved an official biographical out- line of his imperial majesty, but is assured that_he is extremely popular | throughout Persia, being a. “strong | man"—more popular than is Musso- lini in Italy, for Mussolini has his op- ponents, \hile his majesty ~Reza Shah has none—''none at ail. By his genius, Reza Shah has risen from the grade of private to be a gen- eral, then minister of war and prime minister and finally Shah. He supersedes the Shah of the pre- vious dynasty who had been too weak and cowardly to hold the scepter and had absented himself in pleasure-seek- ing Europe. * % % Persia. is off the beaten path of commerce or tourist travel. More is remembered of its ancient kings, Darius and Cyrus, than of its modern development. Persia has long looked upon Russia as her chief enemy, due to Czarist encroachments upon her northern boundaries and assumption of a zone of influence covering her northern provinces or states. She was not a direct participant in the world hostilities. * ok ¥ ¥ Persia_has an area equal to the combined area of Spain, France, Ger- many and Belgium, or equal to all the States of the United States east of Ohio, from Maine to Florjda—628,- 000 square miles—extending from the Caspian Sea to the Persian Gulf and Arabian Sea. It is the land-gateway between the Near East and the Far West. It is mostly desert and plateau, cold in Winter and extremely hot in Summer, with little of interest to the traveler, except to the scien- tific searcher after ancient ruins. Since no census has been taken of the population, estimates vary from 7,000,000 to 200,000,000, but, according to British authority, the number is between 13,000,000 and 17,000,000, It 1s inaccurate to describe the peo- ple as partly nomads and partly villagers, for most of the villagers be- come nomads at certain seasons, tak- ing their flocks into pastures. Eighty per cent of the inhabitants® retain tribal relations, ruled by Khans, but these feudal institutions have been weakening in recent years, and the central government strengthening. * N ok R The Kajar dynasty, now superseded by Reza Khan, was ot Tartar origin, dating back to 1794. It established the Shiah form of Islam as the re- ligion of the country, differing from the Orthodox Islam of Turkey. The shahs held absolute power. until in 1906, when, under political pressure, Muzafaru'ddin Shah convoked a na- tional assembly (Mejliss) to frame & constitution. He died the next year longing to either class. Yet there re- mains the general tendency, which any one may observe. Many think nothing at all of spend- ing two or three hundred dollars a year on theater tickets, yet would hold up their hands in holy horror if ad- vised to purchase $60 worth of paints ::d enamel within a perfod of 365 ys. Others will spend nobody knows how many dollars on clgars and cigarettes, only to frown with righteous indigna- tion it one 1s 8o bold as to suggest that they loosen up for $4 for a gallon or 80 of paint to cover up the nakedness of thelr tin garage. This attitude, it may be admitted, runs back to psychological depths. Ordinarily we find both money and urge to do what we want to do. The fact that one man spends $300 on th ter tickets stmply shows that he loves the theater. The fact that he will not buy $40 worth of paint shows that he does not like to paint. The man who purchases nobody knows how many cigars a year dis- plays to the world at large that he really likes to smoke, while at the same time does not give a rap him- self how gray and bleak his garage looks, and not half a rap how the thing jars on the sensitive nerves of the nelghbors. The neighbors, according to him, are cranks, nothing more aor less. They ought to take up smoking and, under the soothing influence of a per- fecto, rapidly get back to normal, when such minor detalls as unpainted garages would vanish in the general vith a flourish, and | ™5 i ¥k Emulation, however, often will do what nothing else can or will do. Happily, there are many persons so constituted that what they will not do themselves, they will do when they see the man next door doing it. This is sometimes called “keeping up with the Joneses.” While this striv- ing is generally confined to emulation in regard to making a show, having what the others have, “putting on the dog” as the vulgar expression has it, the thing works both ways, so that when one keeps up with the Joneses or the Smiths in the matter of paint. ing and upkeep of homes and grounds, every one is benefited, not only ons self and one's immedate nelghbors, but the entire city, in an indirect way. There is no lack of paints on the market—indeed, their very profusion undoubtedly holds some back from this essential form of cleaning and decoration. To the amateur, there is something of mystery in the subject of undercoats, priming, etc., yet a little investigation and study will solve most of it. Washington is peculiarly blessed with a large number of paint stores, where all the nationally advertised products may be secured, with brushes and all other necessary implements. ‘Those who go in for painting, either in a small or large way, this Spring, ought to make two resolves: To take proper care of their brushes, and to set aside a place in the basement for proper care of left-over paint. Much paint is wasted every year by care- less handling, and brushes are left to get stiff and useless simply because there has been no forethought in this matter. If one has to buy a new brush every time he géts a can of paint, painting becomes unnecessarily expensive. Thrift is as advisable here as in most matters. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. and was succeeded by his son, Mo- hammed Ali, who, although sworn to uphold the new constitution, ignored it and ruled with old-time tyranny as well as with extravagance and in- competence. By 1949 the Nationalist party, opposing the absoluteness of the Shah, were able to compel him to reorganize his government and recog- nize the constitution. In the meantime Russia and Great Britain had divided the country into zones of influence, Russia taking the northern and Great Britain the south- ern parts. Great Britain gave the Shah an ultimatum that unless within three months he brought order along the southern routes to India British police would be introduced and would be paid out of the tariff revenues of the ports of the Arabian Sea. In 1910, at the request of Persia, President Taft sent W. Morgan Shuster to take charge of Persian finances and, within six months, Mr. Shuster changed the chronic deficit of the treasury into a surplus by maintaining an honest and efficlent tax collection system. Russia, jealous of American Interference, drove Mr. Shuster,_out, and the old struggle be- tween Russia and Great Britain to control Persia was renewed. L In the World War, although Persia declared her neutrality, she suffered, especially in Azerbaljan, from fighting between the Turks on the one side and the Russians und British on the other. In 1920 a bolshevik army invaded the province of Resht and set up gov: ernment until driven out in 1921. Since 1921 Perslan finances have again been under the management of an American, Dr. A. C. Millspaugh, formerly of our te Department, with a repetition of the Shuster suc- cess, though complicated by a finan- cial dispute between Great Britain and Persia, since the British are ad- vancing $11,000,000 a month and call- ing it a loan, while certain Persian statesmen call it a subsidy requiring no_repayment. The mob murder of the American Vice Consul Imbrie in 1924 {llustrates the depth of Persian superstition and fanaticism, since it was connected with a fanatical report that Mr. Tmbrie in photographing a holy shrine was polsoning the sacred well. ® % % ¥ A movement toward republican gov- ernment began in 1924, and had the support of Reza Khan, who was min- ister of war and prime minister, and the actual ruler, while Ahmed Kajar, the Shah, persisted in staying in Eu- rope. It was the hope of Reza Khan that he might become president of the republic, but it is said that, seing the incompetence of the tribes to comprehend the responsibilities of re- publicanism, he has reluctantly con- sented to become Shah under the con- stitution of 1906. The republic was especially opposed by the Moham- medan clergy.* " $ There is a threesided conflict of interests in oil claims—the American Standard Ofl Co., the Anglo-Persian 0il Co. and the Russian Soviet claims —which threatens trouble for the new regime. (Copyright. 1936, by Paul V. Colline.) o Everything Goes. From the Des Moines Evening Tribune. Even hitting in the clinches fsn't barred in this year's senatorial fight. Back on the Field. From the Detroit New: Military item: The Illinois National Guard is holding the usual Spring encampment in Herrin. Late Starters. From the Springfleld Daily News. , All the ball teams are playing now, but it seems that a good many of them will not really start until about the first of July, as usual. THE NORTH WINDOW By Leila Mechlin. Joseph Pennell is dead; -one of the most_striking personalities in the world of art has passed. Essentially an original man, Joseph Pennell was | a genuine artist. The love of art dlé rected and dominated his life. He could no more withstand its influence than can a tree the force of the wind, nor would he have wished to. It was love of art which induced his life pursuit of' beauty—beauty not merely in the things which the world calls beautiful, but in the commonplace, in the world of business, the world of industry—in short, modern life. Lika many great men, he was in- consistent—delightfully {nconsistent. ‘While finding beauty and significance in the most striking products of modernism, such as the bullding of the Panama Canal and the skyscrap- ers of lower New York, he hated and vigorously protested against all in- roads of modernism in cotemporary life, the complexities of cotemporary living. In his autoblography he de- clared the present time out of joint, and held up the customs of his Quaker boyhood as living of the right sort. He was extremely temperamental, outspoken, bold in protestation, but quick to admit the fact when in error, and never one who treasured resent- ment. By nature uncommonly senai- tive, as an artist peculiarly high strung, he must have been continually rasped by displeasing sights and occur- rences. His bark was alweys, how- ever, much flercer than his bite. At heart Joseph Pennell was as gentle and kindly as a child, and many were his generous acts unpublished. L One time, not many years ago, Mr. Pennell visited a school on the out- skirts of Memphis, and was induced to give a talk on etching to the children of the upper grades. Shortly after his return to New York he received a letter from one of the little girls in the school, explaining that they had formed an art collectors’ club, had had an entertainment to raise money and had determined to spend the proceeds in the purchase of a number of his etchings. “Please find enclosed,” she wrote, “a check for $34.00, which you will please cash in etchings.” This much of the story Mr. Pennell told himself. The rest was learned from a friend in Mem- phis. The number of etchings by Mr. Pennelly which that check bought was eight, and they were among the very best. * ¥ % There probably is no artist who ever had a fuller, more adventurous, hap- pler life than Joseph Pennell. Suc- cess came to him early. The early years of his married life, spent in wandering about Europe, first on a tricycle, then by other means of con- veyance, with Mrs. Pennell, etching cathedrals and other splendid monu- ments of architecture for the Century Magazine and for book publishers, constitute a record of travel and de- light seldom equaled. He told of it himself in his autoblography, late. ly published; Mrs. Pennell has writ- ten of it from time to time, and espe- clally delightfully in her book entitled “Nights,” which deals not so much with scenes as with people, of com- radeship with other artists. Joseph Pennell was Whistler's chosen biographer. He also was the friend and confidant of the leading men of intelligence and intellectual attainment in art and letters in Lon- don and in Paris in Whistler's time. He was a good listener as well as an interesting conversationalist. Who that knew Joseph Pennell can ever forget the enthusiasm he brought to bear on collecting and iater on ar- ranging for presentation the amazing collection of Whistleriana given by himself and Mrs. Pennell to the Library of Congress? He had a gift for friendship—friendship which never took into account personal effort or inconvenience. * k¥ % Mr. Pennell began as an filustrator, and among those whose works he illus- trated were }. Marion Crawford, George W. Cable, Henry James, George Bernard Shaw and Ji. « Wella Of all our American artists none was better known abroad. His works are included in the leading for- elgn art collections, and from time to time they were exhibted in the Lux- embourg in Paris, the Uffizi Gallery, Florence; the Gallery of Modern Art, Venice; the British and South Ken- sington Museums, London, and the museums in Berlin, Dresden, Buda- pest, Melbourne and Adelaide, Aus- tralla. Many were his awards, such as a first-class gold medal at the Paris exposition in 1900, the Grand Prix at the St. Louis exposition in 1904 and at Milan in 1906. He was at one time a lecturer on illustration at the Slade School of Art, London, and at the Royal College of Art, South Kensing- ton. In recent years he had had a class in etching at the Art Students' League, New York. He was a most accomplished crafts- man, as well as technician, and he did much to encourage a proper printing of etched plates. He was one of the founders of the Serefelder Club of London, which helped to revive the art of lithography, and was at one time its president. He was a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Letters and a member of the National Institute of Arts and Letters. He was a national academiclan. He was endlessly active and unremittingly energetic, spending and being spent in the cause of t:u‘trlflhlc arts, * * The last 10 years of his life have mostly been spent in Brooklyn. The apartment which he and Mrs. Pen- nell occupied in_the Hotel Margaret overlooked New York Harbor, and his enthusiasm and enjoyment of this magnificent, changing scene was boundless. It found expression in a series of water colors, some of which have lately been shown in the Dun- thorne Gallery in this city. Wayman Adams painted Mrs. Pennell and him- self before the window with the scene he loved beyond. How interesting it is to remember that in the art of Joseph Pennell those things which were huge and that which was most delicate and refined were in conjunction! Not only did he draw and etch the great cathedrals of Europe, but the skyscrapers of New York, the steel foundries of Pitts- burgh, the industria] war activities, the great shipyards, the ammunition fatcories, and always with extreme dellc'acy of touch, strength and refine- ment. One time he went all the way to Greece to make a series of lithographs of the Greek temples because some one said he could not do it. After doing a series of lithographs of war work in England for the purpose of strength- ening the morale of the British people and the British industrial workers, he went to France with the intention of producing -a like series with similar object, but he gave it up; the emo- tional strain was too great. L Mr. Pennell had a whimsical nature. No matter how sternly he might be talking, there would occasionally come a glint of humor; the child spirit was there and made its appeal. In the real artist the springs of youth are eternal, It was for this reason that much of his scolding ovi: the heads of those upon whom it fell. Every one knew that he was a master, that his love of art was sincere, that he was a tireless worker, that he had to his credit great accomplishment and that his scolding emanated not from {ll na- ture, but a desire to give to art the best. His books, his etchings and his lithographs constitute a vast monu- ment testifying to his genius and his industry, and in his work Joseph Pea- nell will continue to “Though dead he speaketh,” and in mo um- certain terms. . ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. fhould canned tongue be cooled before being used?—C. M. A. The Grocer's Encyclopedia says that dealers should never sell a can of tongue, or of any meat or fish, during warm weather without reminding the buyer that it should be cooled thor- oughly before opening. Q. How long did the Reign of Terror in France last?—T. H. A. That period of the French Revo- lution known as the Reign of Terror is generally considered to have extend- ed from January 21, 1793—the date of the execution of Louis XVI—to July 28, 1794, when Robespierre and other sanguinary leaders were guillotined. Q. How many Rhedes scholarships are there and what is thelr valus? A. The system of scholarships found- ed by the will of Cecil Rhodes provided in perpetuity for the support at Ox- ford University, for a term of three years each, of about 176 selected schol- ars from the British colonies, the United States and Germany. The scholarships have an annusl value of $1,250 to $1,500. Q. When did Josephus write the histories of the Jews?—-O. F. B. A. Flavius Josephus, whose Jew- ish name was Joseph Ben Matthias, was born in 37 A.D. and dled about ““The History of the Jewish “Jewish Antiquities,” an “Apology of the Jews Against Aplon” and an Autobjography seem to have occupied him from about the year 70 until the time of his death. How many Germans, French, Italians, Irish and English have emi- grated to America®—V. J. D. A. Alien arrivals previous to July 1, 1898, were not reported by race or people. Since that time up to July the total number of Germans 484; Italians, 3,828,282; Irish, $51,423; English, 1,118,239, Q. Ts it true that the prime min- ister of Italy gets a salary of $70,000 a year?—L. M. A. The Italian embassy says that the salary of the prime minister of Italy s 25,000 lire, equivalent to about $1,000, plus rent allowance of 7,200 (§300). A bill for the increase of the salary of the premler to 150, 000 lire ($50,000 being representation expenses) Is at present under study in that country. Before the war the prime minister received a salary of $5,000. Q. How long was the Leaning Tower of Plsa in the building?—k. F. G. |7 "A." 1t was begun 1n 1174 and com- | pletea in 1350." It s built in the Romanesque style. 1t has an_obli- quity of 13 feet in a height of 179, Q Who Tramp, Tramp'' 7—P. A. The words and music were written George F. Root. Prior to the Civil War he had written songs which became very popular. When the war began, Dr. Root, says one writer, was deeply affected by public events and produced many war songs. Q. Where is Monomotopa?—P. F. P. A. Monomotopa was a_former na- tive kingdom of East Africa in the Mozambique-Zambes! region. It was visited by the Portuguese in the six- teenth and seventeenth centuries Nothing very definite is known con cerning it. Q. How much does granite weigh? L. A. The welght of a cublc foot of common granite is from 160 to 170 pounds. Q. What is the largest non-naviga- ble river in the United States and in wrote “Tramp, ern fork, which fs about 1,250 miles in length, is the longest non-navigable river in the United States and perhaps the longest in the world. The Orange River in South Africa, which is 1,100 miles long, is perhaps the next longes: non-navigable river in the world. Q. How many books are there ii the library of Congress?—R. T. A. The 1925 Report of the Libra- rian of Congress states that there are 3,286,765 books in the Library, exclud. ing manuscripts, maps, music and prints. Q. w;zin color is the opium poppy? A. The opium poppy may be in color from white through pink and red to purple, but not yellow or blue. Q. 1Is the captain a member of the crew of a ship?—B. T. M. A. Crew is the collective name for all the persons employed on a ship, but is usually Umited to desigrate petty officers and seamen only. Q. Is the Victory of Samothrace in the Louvre the original statue or a re- production?—J. E. T. A. The Victory of Samothrace can be dated at about the end of the fourth century. It was found in 1863, broken into a multitude of fragment: hich have been carefully united. “Thers are,” says I". B. Tarbell, “no modern pleces except in the wings. The statue stood on a pedestal having the form of a ship's prow, the principal parts of which were found by an Austrian expedition to Samothrace in 1875. These fragments were subsequent! conveyed to the Louvre, and the V tory now stands on her origt estal.” . Q. Why is colonel pro it were spelled kurnel”—G. L. A. The present-day pronunciatic of the word colonel is based upon the early spelling of this title, Corone! The pronunciation kur-nel became es- tablished about 1800, replacing olde: kur-o-nel. . What is the best golf game fo: three players’—G. V. A. One of the best games for a threesome is one scored by points, the winner of a hole getting four points and the player with the second best ball scoring two points. If the hole i3 halved by two of the players, each scores three points. If all three have the same score, each gets two point: If one wins the hole and the other t are tied for second place, the lat gets one point each. The game m be played as a nassau or as an 18-hole match Q. Would it be possible for a vine to climb a smooth wall B. A. Some vines have tiny suckers on their creepers and can cling to and climb an almost perfectly smooth wall. Q. What is the weight of an inch of rainfall per acre’—C. E. M. A. An inch of rain means about 100 tons of water to every acre. Q. How much has the annual outs put of automobiles increased in 10 years’—G. 8. 8 A. In 1915, there were 892618 cars manufactured in the United States. In 1925, the number was 4,325,000, Find out whatever you want to know. There is no room for ignorance in this busy world. The person who loses out is the one who gues The person who gets on is always the one who acts upon reliable information. This paper employs Frederic J. Haskin to conduct an Information Bureaw in Washington for the free use of the pubdlic. There is no charge ezcept 2 cents in stamps for return postage. Write to him today for any facts desire. Address The Evening r the world?—T. W. E. A. The Platte River and its north-' Information Bureau, Frederic J. Has- kin, director, Washington, D. C. Mussolini Is Brushed Aside { 1‘ i l An outstanding feature of public sentiment toward the Senate’'s ap- proval of the Italian debt settlement is indorsement of the idea that, not- withstanding criticisms of Mussolini's acts as dictator, he should be ignored as a factor in this transaction. The view is widely held that the arrange- ment is a fair one with the Italian people and that the terms were the best to be obtained. “It seems that the Ttalian debt set- tlement,” remarks the Birmingham News (independent Democratic), “was ratified without breaking the blood vessels of a single Senator. Those who have followed the hot and bitter arguments of Senator Reed and the interminable efforts of Senator Harri- son to propagate prejudice in the minds of the Senate are thankful that reason and wisdom prevailed. The main business was ratification of agreements entered into by the Ameri- can Debt Commission and based on what is regarded as Italy’s power to pay at the present time. The settle- ment involved return of approximate- 1y two' billion dollars at a relatively small rate of interest over a perfod of 62 years. At the time of settlement it was regarded as a clever stroke of business diplomacy by the Italian gov- ernment, and, at the same time, the more conservative Americans were constrained to believe with the Presi- dent of the United States and Secr tary Mellon that in the matter of in- terest, at least, a half loaf was better than no bread at all.” ‘The Manchester Union f(independent Republican) expresses satisfaction that “another noteworthy chapter in the record has been completed.” and sug- gests that, “with Italy added to the list of nations with which arrange- ments have been completed, there re- mains only the French war debt as an open account.” *x % % “Thé way seems clear French settlement,” according to the Dayton Daily ews (independent Democratic), “‘and there is every indi- cation that announcement of its com- pletion soon will be forthcoming. This indication, together with the vote on the Italian settlement, brought help- ful reaction in France, stopping the depreciation of the franc as no expe- dient in Yrench treasury financing has been able to do.”” The Utica Ob- server-Dispatch (independent) adds that “if France is to be rescued from financial chaos, she must fund her debts, balance her budgets and en- force her tax laws with strictness.” “The ratification of the Italian debt pact and the hopeful prospects for reaching an accord with France on the refunding problem.” says the Providence Journal (independent), “are good omens for another im- portant advance in Europe. For these steps are expected to be the forerun- ners of the restoration of the gold standard in those European countries that have not returned to it since the war.” The declaration that “sanity has prevailed” is made by the Pitts- burgh Sun (independent Demo- cratic), which holds that “the one disagreeable part of the debate was the criticism of the Mussolini admin- istration,” for, it states, “the compo- sition of the Itallan government had nothing to do with the case.” The Hartford Times (independent) gives for the its testimony also that “if the G ernment regards the settlement as in any sense an indorsement of Fas- Jour- lcan) con- disliks Gur s d Mussolint, it is not voicls tlo“:::l:lon of th~ American M‘o" So also the J¢ t ersey nal (independent tends. that : “beyond As Factor in Italian Debt the present Italian dictator is tre knowledge that the settlement is be- ing made really with the Italian peo- ple,” while the Rochester Times Unlon (independent) denies that “the form of government which Italy chooses to set up is our business. This view is indorsed by the Duluth Herald (independent) and the Butte Daily Post (Republican). * % ¥ Replying to the argument that the settlement will “simply assist Mus- solint to arrange his finances so that be may precipitate another war bluster about,” the St. Paul Dispatch (independent) asserts that “the set- tlement requires Italy to pay to this country every year for the next two generations several million dollars. and that “this can hardly make it easier for Italy to finance another costly war.” ‘The New York Evening World (independent Democratic) observe: “We fancy there would have been less opposition to the settlement even than there has been had not the Mussolini dictatorship been swash- buckling around all the time with grandiose plans of imperialistic ad- venture. But it is a wise settlement nevertheless.” “If this Congress can get the Ital- ian debt and the French debt and News (independent Repul- lican), “it will have done something worth while. The ‘last red centers’ mean well, but there is a difference between what some believe should be «done and what is actually practica- ble.” And as the Asheville Times (in- dependent Democratic) views the mat- ter, “the bitter-enders are again overcome by the combined forces of Republicans and Democrats, who voted first for American membership in the World Court, and have now shown the good sense to come to terms with Italy on a basis that un- doubtedly will be indorsed by the people E ‘The Worcester Evening Gazette (independent) says: “The American Government entered into the Itallan settlement because it deemed that settlement in th@ best interests of the American people, in the best in- terests of American farmers, of American mechanics, of American business men. Italy owes us money. ‘The problem is to get back as muci} we can. The settlement repre’ sents the wisest plan so far offered to that end.” Of the future attitude of Italy the Syracuse Herald (independent) thinks “we shall now have the best of reasons for regarding her as an amicable and valuable customer rather than as a sullen creditor nul ing a justifiable sense of grievanc The Indianapolis Star (independent) contends that “the American tax« payer probably would have recefved nothing if we had insisted on more than Italy could stand,” while the Willlamsport Sun (independent) be- licves that further delay would have meant “possibility of terms that would have been even less satisfac- tory than those now accepted.” The Senate's action is hailed by the Champaign News-Gazette (ind pendent Republican) as “another vi tory for the administration, which has heartily indorsed the work of the American mission in Kllndll? the war debt.” The Seattle Dally Timgs (independent Republican), jndorsing the settlement as “a sound business iy il Dot beTaken s & an not be a model Sor @aitling the French 3