Evening Star Newspaper, April 8, 1926, Page 8

* pes THURSDAY, APRIL 8. 19 8 THE EVENING STAR. WASHI G'TONE D. C THIS AND THAT THE EVENING With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. "THURSDAY.... ‘THTODORE W. NOYES. .. .!dilorj’ The Evening Star Newspaper Company Rusiness Offce 1ith St Penneyivania Ave 1 New Tork Offce: 110 Fast 4und St. cagn OMce: Tower ing. Burepean Office: 14 Regent St . The Evening Star, with the Sunday morn Ine amilon. s delivered bv . X Ihe oty &t 60 cents per month: dailv only &A eents per month: Sundsy only. for month. Orders may he aent by lalsghone Main 5000, ( carrier at the end of eac maonth * Rate by Mail—Paysble in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday 19r., 9000 1 mo. Tbc iy oy oyl i 3800 1 ma. B0 innday only 1 5. %300 1 mo._ %8¢ ANl Other States and Canada. Dally and Sundar.l v $12.00: 1 mo . $1.00 paly ey L¥ TaR00 1 mo " iae +Sundey only | 1er. $400. 1 mo. 38 Membar of the Associated Press. The Associated Press in exclusively enl tn the nae for rapuhiic n of wll naws die Patches cradited 10 it or not othe:wise cred f1ad In this paper and sise the local news duhlishad herein All rights of publi Hon Af anecial dispatches herein ava also reserved For Closer Pan-American Union. Tn his address to the First Pan- American Conference of Journaiists | “today President Coolidge alluded to sne of the peculiarities of news, which has its serions as well as its humorous aspects. He recalls that due to a lack /of Information in our press ihere was ‘a time when readers of our news- papars hers might have imagined that ravolntions and volcanic disturbances wara the chief products of Latin Amarica, while the readers of Latin little fro ks, lvoch constituted Ame; newspapers got " tha accounts of train wre ings and divorces, which fha principal news printed there about The President was ze n anr conntry. erous enongh to indicate that that ‘jme hax passed. He mentions in- | ~reaced cable facilities, reduction of | rahla tolls and a general demand for more information as factors which have contributed 1o the Increasing amount of news exchanged between tha republics, ws well as to its more | ranstructive character Rut much is left to be desired in this | tmprovement, great as it has been. The lack of popular interest in, and he resultant popular misconception A, what Latin America is today I snficient proof thai the press has not asstimed its full share of responsibility ak Ane of the Important agencies co- nparating toward the attalnment that close friendship and intelligent nnderstanding necessary for complete aceord. Tt is reasonabla to suppose that the press of Latin America has | heen equaliyv deficient. A superiority complex sarmarke of the Yankee. He has heen a0 busy developing and enjoying this new country of his that tittle time to siudy to appreciate what i taking piace outside his own front door. is one of the or exists bevond the houndaries of his awn United States. President Coolidge very properly devoted a good part of Wis address today to reminding his hearers of the fallacias in such be lisfs. While Harvard is the oldest of | sur universities. no less than eight | institutions of higher learning were fonnded in two of the Latin American Republics prior to 16; A printing was operating in Mexico a cen M inry bBefore the first priniing press was sei up in the United States in 1639, while nearly half a century be- tore 1hat time the dissemipation Mews in printed form had been prac- ticed in Pern. The United States se- wnred its independence forty vears be- fore the Republics of Latin America Mad achieved their national existence, And whils our population has grown faster. onr trade with the world is not as large. proportionately, as that of Tatin America. The Latin Ameriean Republics cover an area approximately thres 1imée as large as that occupied hy the United States. One of their countries. Rrazil, is larger than the 'nited States, whila Argentina, an- Ather is nearly two-thirds as large. Thix First ran one, Congress of Pan-Ameri- Journalists, which mav well he 1he heginning of a series of such meet- ings. should, the President says. “result in a better comprehension that we of the Western Hemisphere are e paople, striving for a common pur- pase. animated by common ideals and onund together by a common destiny, Russian monarchisis are again rally- ..April 8, 1926 | iection ia made by | of | he has had | He it inclined to believe | At nothing worth while originates or | ing and presenting claims to consid- | eration. A state of feeling which makes people willing to try anv kind ot zovernment ance hnids posaibilities for evervhody. 3 T Y Mothers' Aid Legislation. Tn his message to Congress dast De- camber President Coolidge called at- fAntion to the need of 4 “mothers’ pen- alon law” for the District of Colum- Ma, snd urged that when enacted it shanld be a model for the country. In tha discussion of the bills which have wean offered in Congreas providing for aneh a measure of relief to mothers who are left without proper support for themselves and their children much hax been made of this phrase, to instify the enactment of a bill which bax been proposed. not by the District ‘Cammissioners and a body of citizens of Washington who have studied this question, but by a national organiz t16n which seeks (o sscure the same syAtem of mothéra' pensions through- out the United States. There In a vital and fundamental Alfference betweén. these bills. That which is offered by the Commission- ‘ars, at the inswance of a commission of citixens who spent several months fn a survey of the public weltare needs of the District, proposes the administration of the mothere’ aid sy 1em by the newly created Board of Public Welfare, which hax absorbed the former Board of Children’s Guard ians. That which is offered by the national organixation, as a ‘“model” Jaw, provides for the administration of “the system of aid by a separate or- ‘ganization. There s, however, more of difference between them than t separation of administration, mis- chiavous though a division of author- ity wauld he. The Distriet bill regards “Ihy glven 1o the mothers of de- children as & bountn The | An | triet? ! STAR . other measure is based upon the | | nypothesis that the aid to be given isa | | fundamental right. Proponents of the | { national bill—sometimes called the New York bill -urge that dependent mothers should not be humiliated by ing compelied to seek aid (hrough a | “chari organization. Proponents [ of the District bill are unable to see wherein (here is any humiliation in | ihe administration of this bounty through an established agency which - Londen. | s mainly devoted 1o the task of con serving the public welfare through in- | stitutions and allotments of funds. |1t is, of course, desirable that all |laws for ihe District should be “mod- els” for all other parts of the country, {if by that term s meant that they should be laws which are adapted to { the immediate local conditions &nd are desired by the comimunity. But Wash- ington should not be made an experi- ment station for all sorts of try.outs. Nor, simply because & nationsl organi- zatlon wishes (o frame its own gener ally applicable maasures in & particu- lar way, should the District be forced (0 accept such a measure ax It dic tates Desire tu have the mothers' aid bl | proposed by the nationsl orgsnisation enacted here is actusted less by con | sideration for Washington than by & wish to obisin uniformity, and, | through the prestige of having gained control of this situation here, to se. cure enactments in the States which | have not vet fallen fnto line. In other words, this local law 1% sought as a lever (o obtain resulta elsewhers. ‘The people of the District ave uni fied on this proposed plan for (he granting of aid to moth They have asked (his legislation for their | own community. ‘They do not wish to have the wid system wdministered by | @ separale organization. They have | just succeeded in consolidating several welfare agencies into a single body, much to the advantage of the situa- tlon. They protest an immediate split ting up of jurisdictions in welfare work, which would be the sure conse ayence of the ensciment of the bill which has passed (he House mis- called & compromise beiween the na tional and the District proposuls. It is their people who will be affected; it will bs thelr money that will be spent it will be their problem which Is to be solved. And. therefore. it is their hope that their legisiators, despite the pres- sure and persuasion brought to bear | upon them by influential persons fron the States, will recognize their rights | and give them the law which they de. | sire, and not the law which they re | gard with doubt and concern. . -on o - Traffic Chaos. Trafic Director Kldridge is stripped of his authority, the police are rén- dered impotent, safety regulations ave | void, traffic control i® destroved, and Washington faces an era of indescrib. able confusion because of the decision | vesterday of & judge in the ‘Fraffic| Court who ruled that speed of auto- mobiles on narrow and dangerous bridges could not be reduced except | by Congress, and at the same llml‘ threw In the discard the time-honored | and fundamental law of the road re- quiring motorists to give right of wa 10 an overtaking vehicle, which ia the established rule throughout the coun- | try. immediate appeal should be taken by the District Commissioners | againaL not only the decision of the | judge in this case, but also his recent pedestrian decision, his automatic | light decision and his speeding de. | cision, all of which have been based on an unsupported interpretation of the traffic code. Washingion must know definitely (he extent of authority of the traffic| director, whose office was created by | an set of Congtess, and who is admin istering the act under powers unchal- | lenged save by one jurist. Although | Congress, in the traffic code, did not | give the director unlimited authority ! to regulats traffic In the District, it very specifically delegated to him pow- ers to make any “reasonabie” regula tions with the approval of the Com- missioners. | Who can say that it is not reason- able 1o cut down the speed of autome- ulles on dangerous bridges in the Dis- Who can say that motorists should not be required to give way before an overtaking vehicle, that the | automatic lights should not be obey- | ed? Ceriminiy Congress never intend- | ed that the traffic act should say all| { | of thesa (hings, else there would be no need of a traffie act. Motorists cannot be allowed to run wild on the sireets, There mus’ be some check, and, in order to make certain that there would be a check, Congress pro- | vided for the appointment of a spe- cialist on trafie, gave him authority to make reasonabl regulations, and expected, as did every resident of the | city, that there would be the most complete co-operation from every civie agency. 'This co.operation has falled 1o materialize, the director has by the v agency of enforcement been dis. credited In the mdministration of the | very law under which he was ap- poinied. An immediate appeal, vigorousiy pressed, to secure a review and rever- sal of thess remarkable rulings is de. manded in the intereat of public safety. o An Towa election requires little time for whe voting, but a large amount for the ensuing controvers, »oors | Mussolini. ° he atteck on Musselini in Rome yestert Pproves to have baen mersly the act of & fanatio, without any pe litieal significance. ‘The woman who shot him, fortunately without inflict- ing & dungervus wound, is plainly of nabalanced mind, and her motive is of no moment. Members of her family express surprise at her act, as her sympathies are, or have been, strongly with the Fascistl movement in Ita A most unfortunate teuction from this futile assuult has been an out- bresk of anti-foreigner Sentiment in Ituly. Attacks have been made upon foreign students at Mil This, « coutse, 18 unwarranted. Meraly be. cause Mussolini's assailant is an Eng- lishwoman is no reason for a feeling of resentment against all aliens. Mussolini Is strengthensd by close approach to tragedy. himself to be of good mettle in the ex- this e t following the attack. Hia Arst thonght was fo public order, and PrOSOIVR- He showed | tion of the pesce, notwithstanding | which some riotous demonstrations followed. He was perhaps at the height of his career when, on the eve of sailing for Tripoli, in a public ad- dreas he repeated his devotion to the Fasciat principles, expreased his dete mination to fight for their spread throughout the world. and, with ref. nce to his own personal cour said: “When I advance, follow me: when I retreat, kill me; should I de, avenge me! ———— — Selling the Richard Fox dlamond championship belt at auction revealed the fact that the diamonds were val- ued at market rates, but pugilisti sentiment did niot figure in the trana action. Times have changed: & prize fighter is no longer expected to treat the crowd; the pictures of burlesque actresses no longer adorn the barber shop, and in & little while when you mention John 1. Sullivan some one likely as not will inquire, “Who was Be? —_ -ooro A spokesman for the radio declares that musical programs are impossible without the consent of modern asso. ciated music publishers and their de- pendent composers. ‘This would imply that the copyrightless Bach, Beetho- ven, Morart, Chopin, Grieg, Verdi, Bizet and Gounod, not to mention Offenbach, Audran, Milloccker, Sulli- van, elc., have vainly-dedicated their efforis to posterity. B The case of Gerald Chapman went o its conclusion without a word of protest or a gesture of interference trom Mr. Clarence Darrow. It In volved capital punishment in its most repellent form and offersd opportuni- tien for Mr. Darrow's talents which it seen strange should have been missed. — as— Steps now being taken for the elimi- | nation of the few remaining rail way crossings are obviously demand ed. With trafic signals everywhere and the police overworked in the ef- tort to avold accidents, the railwi trucks should conform to new condi tions und remove at least one source of peril. T'he stock market fluctuates regard less of actual values and earning ca pacities. The distinction between an investor and a gambler is implied in the disposition to regard a share of stock as a tangible asset or a white chip. . .- The magazine editor who deliber alely got himself arrestad in Boston is evidently determined that the theatri cal producers are not to have a mo. nopoly in utilizing a police force as a means to publicity. e Whenever the subject of retirement comes up in connection with Govern- ment service somebody mentions Thomas Kdison or Chauncey Depew, who continué to set a pace for the voungsters. e A magaezine publisher or a burlesque producer desires profitable publicity from arrest. A well meaning citizen who accidentally parks overtime sim iply pavs his fine and goes along in unremunerative obscurity JOSPRAN %, Motor experts are agreed that neither the bootleg speeder nor the meandering jay-walker should be per- mitted to follow his own impulses in using the highways. s o - Totem poles are dixappearing from ¢ life. France should hasten to gi them the art impetus with which she revived the Navajo blanket designs into artistic favor. i . oono Prohibition is expensive. Many of those who doubt its present practica- bility would agree that it would be worth every cent it cost if it could be absolutely enforced. - e Mussclini would be justified in tak- ing up disarmament as a local police proposition. " SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Era of Great Joyfulness. Why shouldn't we be full of cheer, In spite of problems gra And words that move ut (o a tear Becaune folks won't behave? Though grief so grim may overtake Our spirits unawares, ‘here's everything we need to make Us all forget our cares. How can the world help being gay, In face of trouble slight, With motion pictures all the And radio all the night! Forgiving But Not Forgetful, “Wers you ever doublecronsed in ur political career?” “Meveral times,” answered Senator Sorghum. “But never twice by the same man.” Epigram & 1’Antique, In silence true Wisdom will dwell, While Folly bids eloquence flow. Far better know more than you tell Than try to tell more than you' know. Jud Tunkins says de man dat gite tired of his old friends is de one dat goes to town and buys gold bricks. In view of jazs and the Charleston, it you were to mention Evolution to a Chimpanzee in the 7zoo, he probably wouldn't feel flattered. Homes in general would be much happier if everybody could be induced to modulate his speech to the sweel, persuanive tones of the radio an nouncer. Nothing in a Nam “Why do you repeat there's nothing in & name? “Because,” answered Miss Cayenne. “The Orpheus Amateur Choir will fill the radio with discord, and then the Scrapple Factory Sextet will come along and give a perfectly delightful program.” Dictator.. His life is either gay or grim, As strange adventures (hrill him. One day the crowds are oheering him And next they to kill him. “par never was no man as great.” said Uncle Ehen, “as de average boy of twanty thinks he's g'ineter g up BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. On the lit 'y stair of time few footsteps have left more resounding echoes than those of Edgar Allan Poe. So unique was his genius that men and women hi been busy explain- ing him for the past three-quarters of They have ‘labeled him and “mysterious,” or a they have called him everything from a fiend (o an angel. It has remained for Joseph Wood Krutch to lump Poe off simp). * in his blography, Allan Poe; A Study In recently published by Al- fred A. Knopt. the methods of the newer the way, would have reveled in), Mr. Krutch savs that “the forces which wracki his life were those which wrote his works." ‘'he life and works of Pos, inatead of being disassociated. as most biog- raphers in the past have treated them, Using psychology (which Poe, by are hy this latest writer insslubly linked. Poe’s poems and tales, “‘the most funtastic and abnormal writings in all literature,” are simply the rerult of the inner conflicts of the man, who was (he victim of various complezes and inhibitions. There can be little question, Mr. Krutch says, that Poe not only wi a “true dypsomaniac,” but was pulled and pushed hither and thither by his mental condition all his life long. Poe's art, he declares, was due “to an _abnormal condition of the netves and his critical ideas (o a rationalized defense of the limitations of his own taste.” Poe was, in shorf, “the firat great neurotic, *oxoxox treatment, which some will wish aven more outspoken, will come as a shock 10 those who have vegarded this undoubted genlus us a “strange dreamer,” & victim of others, a gentleman with the most tre- mendous regard for women. Mr. Krutch declares that Poe, the other hand, was the victim himsel?, thut his love for women w what is today termed ‘“‘abnormal, and that, instead of being & mvatery, he was but a case for doctorh, instead of tor other writers. ‘This belief, of course, does not pre- vent Mr. Krutch from writing some 200 pages. in & “stvie persumsively non-technical,” as the “blurb” on the wrapper declares. We, for one, wish he had been a bit more technieal. Perhaps the average non-technioal reader will wish the same thing. In This bald on of treating a “case” such as Poe un doubtedly must have been, a writer cannot be too explicit. The knowl- edge of paychounalysis, based upon “reud Il and others, which Mr. Kruich possesses, {x not shared e tirely by every one, nor will it be by the majority of his readers, in all_probability We could have wished that he had dealt even plainer with Poe's abnor- malities than he doss. In other words. when one is talking of in hibitions, fixations, sublimations and the like. in a book for general dis- tribution, some attempts might legitimately be incorporated to ex- plain terms, so that the average read- er might get »a more complete idea of what is in the writer's mind. In other words, many will feel that Mr. Krutch, while assured in his own mind that his work is as clear as day, has feft Poe atill very | | reaults from the contemplation of the much of a | what ‘This is due, perhaps, to fact that the psyche, or soul, is r much of & mystery still, even to r. Krutoh, To say that Poe suffered from an interiority complex, and to tell why, ia something, undoubiedly. To declare that the two things necessary 10 his peace were “the sexiess phantom and the fllusion of unguestionable superi- oritv” is something again. Yot at the end of the discussion of Poe’s “‘maladjustment to lite” one is Isft with the suspicion that the ex plenation has not altogether axplain. ed; that the book, despite the author's disclaimer, does womehow sneer at his genius; that, after all, tAia newar psychology I8 largely a thing of terms, not_ explanations. * ok oo Mr. Kruteh deals too much with aa- sumptions., Hia largeat one in that Poe's Vir- Kinia was the poet’s wife in name only. 'This, of course. ik a necessary asnumption upon which to found much of the argument ‘The aulhor uses, however, too many phrases of indefiniteness, such ““There is g00d reason (o believy “‘Hin murringe, it appears- A% was certainly the caxe — "' “It must have been 2 “Doubtless he was aware ¥ 'he swaetn which seemed h‘lvt been his normal character ete. . Mr. Kruteh does not give one iota of proof for this, his majos e tion. If the “‘recently dlacovered faata™ relating 16 Pos and his career contain such proof, the author would have helped his thesis wonderfylly by giv ing them, to X ox o | | Despite heae objectio “Kdgar Allan Pos: A 8tud¥ In Qenius,” may be egarded an the moat plaus. e “Wgplanati of the life and works of Amerioh’'s most famous au- thor that has ever appeared. Indeed. in mo far am it goes, Mr. Krutoh's book fs the only etplanation. 1ta defects are those of the newer paychology, which, in the last essence, simply pushes expianations back a de. gree with new (erme. Mr. Krutch shows readers of Poe have that absorbed h absorbed lar because they were being given firat-hand ples without their realizing it, of the mind of an ab- normal man. In other wouds, the fascination of Poe is little to be wondered at, since it documents of a diseased mind. In veading Poe, one peeks into a sanita- rium, takes @ safe but actual peep, is prement at abnormal rites, yet never loses his hold for » moment on the perfectly aafe and sane himseit It is no wonder, therefore, that men and women and children. too, have been fascinated. though repelled, by Poe'a tales. They come aw near as normal will ever come to seeing teeling, understanding the abnormal The reader who has studied enough to recognize in himself neurotic tenden- cies will get the most, no1 oniyv from Poe himself, but also from this “study of genius. 1t will give him & new understand- ing of the genius whose “‘whole life was a struggle.” It will send him back to his Poe shelf with a new sympathy. ‘Then he will realize, more than ever what genius Poe was, no matter made him that way.” BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. The attempt yesterday to assas nate Mussolini in Rome may dela his propossd visit to ‘Fripoli. The Fascist premier has declared that he will make Ttaly a greater empire than that of ancient Rome; he will not only rebuild Rome, but will extend the imperial power of the nation. This determination that ltaly shall expand 1a not merely a permonal ob- session of ‘the leader of the Fascists; it appears fo be the very essence pf Fascism, as expressed by the Faselst press, where no press utterances are tolerated unleas in accord With the policies of the government. In a Fascist organ, Idea Nazionale. | signing appeared recently this pronounce. ment “In a few years we shall be menaced by a formidable crisis of unemploy- ment and misery, which may have the grentest possible consequencea socially {and politically, not merely for Italy, but for the whole of Kurope. ‘This f& theé greatest, the inescapable problem of Italian life today. If we do not mean to perish the time s at hand when we shall be forced to take what we need. The existing map of the Mediterranean must be altered. And this change can be broughi about anly by an act of force.” ok k% in lialy continues to Population show a net annual increase of more than 408,000. For the last half century Italian emigration has been the safety valve of overpopulation. No people ia increasing in population as are the Itallans, and since the emi grants poured their surplus earnings in foreign lands back to the support of relatives at home, and themselves returned after an absence of eonly three or four years, the migration was encouvaged. In recent years, prior to American immigration triction laws, we re. ceived an average of about 400,000 Ifalians annually, but new the number is less than a tenth of that. Other countries, (0o, are shutting their gites against Ilnml%:ntlon. Bince the close of the World War more than a million Itallans have migrated into Franee and taken possession of great prov- inces, until even the French are talk- ing of the “Italian menace.” anad threatening immigration reatriction, in ite of the shortage of mén In rance. ‘With the persistent birth rate in Ttaly, surpessing that of any other civiiized nation and adding, net, nea Iy half a million annuglly to the al- ready overcrowded peninsula, the problem expansion of territory ia indeed pressing upon Italian states- men. They look in vain to America, but not 8o hopelessly to Africa. It is, therefore, of very gteéat significance that Mussolinl has plahned an official visit to Tripoli, accompanied by prom inent officials and by an imposing naval escort. As oné Fasciat paper expresses It, “It is a spectacle of force, not a parade.” Mussollnl and party plan to return on the “National Colonial day,” April 21, when & program will be inaugurated to induce capitalists to use Tripoli's resources as an outiet for emigration.” It is mid by the [talian press, “While the imperial force of Itély is explained as referring solely to Tripoll, it is also repeated constantly that Italy needs to expund imperiaily through trade in. fiuence and eventuslly through actuat incresse of territory.” (Thus spoke Kaiser Withelm of Germany—then came the World War.) AR k& What s 'Tripoli, and what is Italy's hold upon it? Tripoli lies opposite Italy upon the south shore of the Mediterransan Sea, and is nearly four times as large an 18 Ttaly. It extends 940 miles east and west, and 650 miles south, having An area of about 406,000 square miles. While it is referred to an whole country of Libya Which poli, the ia meant, o2 Includes T the map of Liibya were laid upon our Atlantic Comst, &% it Hes along the Mediterranean, it would cover all Naw England and all coast Statea south to the boundary of Florida, including New York and Pennsyivania. Tripoli 18 the mont fertile part of Libva, consisting of a level coastal plain dotted with menv fertiie oases, nd a range of fertile hills, Kast of Tripoli lies Cyrenaica, a limestone Femzan and the Libyan arid, sandy deserts with, limited oases. region Is claimed 3 not @s mandated territory derived from the League of Nations, but as the fruit of previous conquest of arms in the Italia-Turkish war of 1811 and later diplomatic bartering with France and Great Britain. as Morocco for France and Bgypt for Great Britain. Long prior to the 7Turkish war, Italy coveted aven before Italy hi become ted Kingdom. and her ambition hed no reference to “the consent of the governed.” The population. ac- cording to the censur of 1911, num bered 623,176 nativee—Berbers. Ara bians and Turks, with between 35.000 and 6,000 Buropeans, mosth Itallans and Maltese, * x % % Back in 1838, the Mazzini, declared, ;North Africa be. longs to Italy.” When in 1868 the Suez Canal was about to open. and turn shipping into the Mediterranean inatead of around Cape of (lood Hope, Bismarck wrote (o the venerable Manzint: “Italy and France cannot be associated for their common benefit In the Mediterranean. The empire of the Mediterranean muni be the con- Italian patriot, stant preoccupation of ltaly, the fundemental thought of the Floren- tine cabl; Kren then there were thousande of Ttalians in Tunis and Egypt, and when the triple alliance of Italv, Germany and Austria was formed ih (882 there were provisions linking Italy's rights in Libya to offset certain contingen- cies in the balance of powers in the Balks in 1891 the lialian premier, Crispi, made a diplomatic agreement with dreat Britaln, recognizing RBritish Sudan, in consideration of British sup- port of italy in Libya: and in 1911, when France won o dsrman claims to Morocco, there was excite- ment _threughout ltaly, demanding immediate eccupation of Libya, to off- set F'rance in Morocco. Germany and Austria threatened to support Turkey against Italy, but nevertheless, in August, 1911, Italy deciared war on Thrkey to maintain her rights to Libya, which war wah settled by the treaty of Lausanne, October 18, 1912, by which Turkey evacuated ILibya, and aithough the treaty did not ape- cifically Rnowledge Italy's sov- ereignty, Italy has asserted and main- tained it aggressively ever since. xx % Id War broke out two years I'he Wi later, and the Arabs of Tripolitania, Fearan and Cyrenaica, Instigated by the Turks and led by & religious or- the Senussi of Moslems ternity fought t dompelled them to the coast towns. The Sehussi sheik, HSayyld Ahmed, beileving he fiad driv- en out the italians, even plotied to Kaypt and drive the British out of Africa. Turkish and Germ officera alded in the fight, but were eventusily deteated by the British, and the Itallans succeeded in divia- ing the MoAlems and inducing two Moslem forces to fight each other, un- til_Hayyid Ahmed fled to Constanti nople shortly before the &lose of the World War, leaving Great Britain in possession of 'and Italy in pos- session of Libya, with their agreement of mutual support. No Italian premier has ever visited TLibya, and the proposed official visit of Mussolini, with & great naval dem- onstratfon, is declared to be indica- tion of the 1telian policy of immediate active developmant 6f that vast region -lf)r overfiow of mEn. population 7“ THE NORTH WINDOW By Leila Mechlin. A catalogue is an indispensable ald to seeing an exhibition, but it would be well if every visitor to an art gal- lery or an exhibition of paintings such hat n:w on view in the Corcoran of Art would make on und before peeping hetween the catalogue ©o! Beeing plctures without know- | ing sither the titles or painters’ namen i9 like exploring an undiscovered country, a real adventure, a game of wits, for a0 one stands on one’s oWn feet and depends solely upon one’s own instinct and intellect. There are certain names in art that bewitch the imagination. A painting by Bargent, by Gari Meichers, hy Red- fleld, by Schofield, by Kmil Carlsen must he good, and thisx knowledge calls » halt to adventure; but if, ungulded and all on ones own responsibility. the works of these and otheér masters are discovered for one's self, what a thrill it , what assurance for fur- ther exploration! And how much more gratifying it 14 to the artist to have his work speak for itselt than to have it accepted becaurs he himself has at tained an ured positign! Seeing an exhibition of paintings is About the beat fun in the world, if one only knows how to do it. I.6t us go to the Corcoran Gallery of Art, tuck our catalogues under our arms and nee. *x o x One of the first things to be noled 18 the arrangement of the whole, the admirable hanging of each gallery so that every picture may appear at its bes. and that each wall will be well balanced and present a unified design. What an extraordinarily difficult when over 350 paintings must be dis- posed and endiess combinations within the range of posaibility! The nanging of an exhibition is the work of a jury, in this case a group of dis tinguished artists, bul, as & well known painter remarked, it is an in- teresting fact that whereas each of these biennial exhibitions is hung by a different group of artists, they sre invariably well hung, and this good hanging is notic in the special exhibitions which the Corcoran Ga lery of Art mets forth, therefore, it msy be argueéd that thers is a home | infly nce which is effective. Mr. Min or of the Corcoran & ex-officlo member of these juries. Remark the hanging 6f one single wall, the sant wall in Gallbry C. Here Mr. Melchers’ portrait of Mrs. Carrett an upright canvi holds center plac At the far ends are iwo marines of similar size and colorful quality. Next | inward are two portraits lending dark | notes, richly colorful. Then there are 1wo large square Iandscapes—loseph Pearson’s plcture of a bridge with ite wide expanse of blue sky and Red fleld’s “Old Mill," 'a Winter plcturs, equally high in key. Finally, 1o either side of the Meichérs hang two paint- ings by Robert Spencer—"Ship Chan- dlers Row™ and “‘Mansions of Yestes day.” countérbalancing, through the! refinement of detail, the breadth of the Melchera canvas, and re-schoing in their grave and pinks and blues the color scale of the large, impressive | portrait. Note in Gallery D how beautitully, Again, the east wall is pianned and hung—the two stilllife paintings by Sharman, pertectly complementing the Tarbell portrait of Frederick F. Bre ster, and In turn setting off the two Schofields, ““The Littls Harbor" and “The Devon Farm.” All this goes to lend charm to the showing and to add pleasure for the visitor, though he may not recognize the cause. o oa o A distinguished New York collector had ooccasion lately 1o show his paint ings to his barb remarked, after a oursory glance around the gal. lery in which they were hung, ‘“Which pleturs cost vou most?’ ‘The coi- lector's reply was “Which gives you mot pleasure?” It is not the price that a picturs would bring at one of the great art sales. or the fams of the Aartis who painted it, or the esteem in which it i held by the eritic, which #lly concerns the exhibition visitor, ut rather which pictures please him most, have for him a real message, constitute for him a happy memory. { speculates on its wisdom and proba To the lover of art a fine paintin has trus recreational power. It de. lights, it charms, it makes naw. Sald a_visitor In a récent local exhibition: Will you kindly show me the works of the modernists that vou have on view?" and, belng shown paintings by those who have affected this style, Ahook his head and replied: ‘'No, this I8 not what I meant; it s the work of the eranks that 1 wanted to see.” That man Was not an art lover, but a curi osity seeker. Between the two there ina great gap. ®ox o oa An exhibition of paintinge by con-|that the law is being stringently en- temporary artlsts was sent to Ana- conda, Mont.. net lon American Faderation of Arts. purposes by the mining company cleared for the occaston. The e ag0 by the | voking the indulgence of those who as- AT . 1t was | sume the right 1o construe the law, own in a room used for storage |to make it possible 10 dispense, under Q In what eity is the Taj-Mahal? ~N. K. B. A. This magnificent mausolenm js in Agra, India. Q. What is the tarnish on copper?” | E. D A. The ti bronze is copper carbonate. be removed by friction. or be dissolved in weak acids. stone mized with oll 1o a er sistency Is the common agent used on these metals. | this cleaner has been applied. the | metal shonid he polished with a seft cloth. A final rubbing with dry rot- tenstone or whiting will give the metal an even brighter luster. Oxalic-acld solution. buttermilk or vinegar, especially when warmed. quickly dissolves the tarnish on these metals. All traces of these cleaning agents must he removed, however, or the meétal will tarnish again vel quickly. rnish on copper, brass and It may it may Rotten my con frictional After | Q. How many Mohammedans are | there in the United ates?—1. P. A. There are no definite figures avallable. Dr, K. Carroll. statistician estimates the number in North Amer- fea 20,000 Q. When 4id the present method of | scoring tennis become general? R.| M. R A. In the early days of lawn ten nis two methods of scoring were used, almost indiscriminately. One of these was the scoring used in the game of “racquets”’ and the other the | ‘tennis’” scoring. In 1878 the “‘tennis’ method of scoring was adopted and the ‘‘racquets’” scoring abandoned. No material change in the method of scor- | Ing has been made since 1878 Q. Will the Papal Knights Congreas in Chicago be closed to outsiders? a. @ A. The Chicago KEucharistic Con- terence will be open to visitors as| as the seating cspacity of the uditorium will permit, after the dele. | gates from the various countries and the United Ktates dlocesas have heen provided for. Q. About how many people can be taken care of in the hospitals of the United States” W. F. G. A. 1t is said that there are many thousands of hospitals in the United States, making available 817,000 heds. Q. What does melisma mean?— 1. K. OR. 4. A melisma is a piece of maiody. & song or tune, as opposed to reci tative or museal declamation. Q a_ physically N W, B A. The Soclety of Direciors of Physical Education has set the fol- lowing standard of measurements of the physically ideal American student of 22 ‘With a height of 5 feet 9 inches he carries a_ welght of 139 What are the measurements for perfect young man?” pounds. Tha girth of his neck. knee and calf are the same, with the apper arm 1% inches léss. The girth of his thigh is ' inch less than that ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. while the breadth of his waist barely exceads the length of his foot, and the stretch of his arms measures 2 inches more than his height.” Q. What English magazines have the largest circulations?—E. 8. W. A. Weidon's thres journals. Tadies’ Journal. Bazaar of Children's Fash- fons and Ladies’ Dressmaker. lead, | with & combinad ecirculation of 1.000. 000 monthly. Good Housekeeping has a circulation of 160,000, Nash's Maga- zine, 250,000, and Strand Magazine. 180,000. These are also monthly pub lleations. Punch, iseued weekly, has a circulation of 125,006 Q. When was the first Czar of Russia crowned” 0. W. H. A. Ivan IV was crowned the first Czar of Russia on the 14th of Jan usry, 1547 Q. What is the vitamin value eof hread’—L. H. T. A. At best the vitamin content of bread 1s very low. If white flour and water are used. vitamin B is present It white flour and milk are nsed, vitamins A, B and perhaps C are | present. If whole wheat flour and milk are used, more of vitamin A nd more of vitamin B are present. Q. Who was it said “Cleanliness in next to godlines«?— . E. R A. 1t was made use of in a sermaon by Rev. Charles Wesley. the fonnder of the present Methodist Church. Q. What will keep candles from burning fast?—G. M. A. Having the candles coid wil help. Keep candles in refrigerator until needed. Q. How high are the highest aerial masts in the United States?—J. M A. The aerial masts at Belmar. N I.. belonging to the Radio Corpora tion of America, are 800 feet. How. ever, these are being dismantied The general opinfon is that aerial masta will' soon heve a standard height of approximately 300 feat. Q. How far apart are Henry Ford's forsst and sawmill?—F. L. L. A. The forest and mill are ahant 100 miles apart. The sawmill is at Iron Mountain, Mich Q. What makes a thing trans parent?—R. G. E. A. Transparency depends npon the arrangement of molscuies of certain objects. In glass the molecules lia beside one another in such a regular way that they allow light to pass through them. Q. How long did the late Senator Bacon of Georgia serve in the Senate? A. Augustus O. Bacon of Georgia was elected a member of the United States Senate in November, 1884, and merved until his death in February, 1914, Q. Where are the towns in tha United States which are farthest Fi and farthest West?—E. W. A. The easternmost point in the United States is near Eastport. Me and the westernmost point iz in th t of his head. His expanded chest is| 40 inches, the girth of his waist s 10 inches less. his hip girth almost the same as his unexpanded chest, vicinity of the town of Tatensh near Cape Alava, Wash. Malt Toni¢c Permits Look Like Law Evasion to Press Early reports on the sale of mait tonic with its 3.76 pér cent of alcohol permitted by the Federal prohibition anthorities indicate no wild enthusi- asm on the part of drinkers sseking “Kick.” But the experiment is being watched with interest and the press ble results. 1t e 100 early o judge the 3.75 tonic loaded with a large perceniage of malt,” says the Indianapolis News in a summary of the situation. “It be as disappointing as Canada’ 4.4 beer, but from the quantities tha brewers are preparing to manufacture, they estimate that a whole lot more than 3.75 per cent of the population is needing a medicinal tonic. There may be a ‘demand for this tonic.' but the soundest demand is for law enforce- ment and not law evasion. On this poini. the Christian Science Monitor deciares: ““I'here is convinc ing proof. In the activity of the Amei can brewers who are seeking per mission 1o place upon the market the so-called medicinal beer which ihe: claim is ‘palatable but not potable. forced. KEvidently they hope, by in the Charleston Evening Post thinks it “‘ought to relieve the pressure on the overworked bootlegger.” and ‘‘give him a chance to invest his hard liquo; ings in tax-exempt securit The Post adds: “The Antl-8aloon League regrets the ruling as a mis- take. bnt does not condemn it as in- valid. To the impartial observer it looks rather as if we were approach- ing realization of the prophecy “ ‘Hush, little drug store, don't veu ery. You'll be a2 barroom by and by. e x s ““The cat 18 out of the bag!" sx- claims the Wichita Beacon. comment ing on the information that “the 3.75 ‘malt tonic,’ wheén mixed with near beer. produces an effect like that of régular beer, as revealed by a corre- spondent. Mixing It with water doesn’t,” continues the Beacon: “near beer ik the magic kev to tha situation. And so it seems that near beer is to be brought nearer and nearer by ‘health boosters’ until the word near is forgotten. Chemistry and ianguage are two great subjects. Who cares?’ asks the Omaha World-Herald. as it proceeds to tha suggestion that “the stuff ean't he the guise of malt tonic, & product The walls | containing an appreciably higher per- were hung with old Kastern shawls |centage of alcohol than I& permitted that had traveled thence in the strong boxer of the piones, Bvery affort was made to show the pictures weli: ever; . the was a great evenl. Each pict was marked by the local management with its price. and th prices occasioned in some instances no small amount of wonder. There was fu the collaction & very charming painting of flowers, and one family was eager to make purchase. The lii- tle son of the family it bodv in the town went to see | highest court of the lan zing at the | and everv other iand where the tra pieture made a discovery, and, rushing | fie in Intoxicating liquor exisia proves in the manufacture of drinke legalized under the law as it is now written. and as it has besn upheld by the x % ox % Quoting six officiale of the Anti-Sa- loon League as having pronounced the ruling “a miftake that will lead to_mulliplied Invasions of the law and revisions to beverage use,’ the Bpokane Spokeaman Review remarks: ‘‘Age-old experien In this count; to his parents, exclaimed. “Oh, we can | bevond question that it cannot be kept afford it we oan afford jt— one-ift . s only That little child § . ness to own D e which had made such a 8’ - herently an art lover. gt LY Aled, It was bne hundred | kept step with the gove 7 WaR & coveted por- | was always breaking out of bounds. in" bounda by concessions 1t Any danger involved in its use icture the heauty of {a beverage does not imprese the Butte Daily Post. “How much do you sup- pose a little thing like that will amount to with the buyer who is out It I8 interésting 10 noté in this ex. | for stuff with a real kick?" asks the.| hibition set forth in the Cor 1. lery of Art at the present llm:l :n):w many different waya there are of say- Ing, through the medfum of oil paint, much the same thing—in short, how | COrtain-surt many ways there are of painti merely well but N-utl!nll:f S Gutzon Borglum, the sculpior, once | drink tollet! wa remarked that maks hik pupils he alwavs tried- to Butte paper. “Right along, tens of hundreds of thousands have been drinking moanshine in full knowledge of the fac t a good deal of It is man-killing polson.” days.” observes the Grand 5. “when some people . flavoring extract, perfume, liniment, tusel oil and shel. “In th Rapid Pr understand that if | 19¢, the official fear that a few may they would be themseives they would | P® Willing to brave malt overdoses be original. A auperfluity origi- nality sometimes i unfortunate, lend. ing to eccentricity rather than super- Iative attainment. It does not, after all, mattér 86 much how a thing fa doneé as whether the end justifien the o niia “hilde Hassam, for instance, f 3 ing the lead of the French lmvr.::’l::- ists, has used pure color and applied it in littlé short dabs or dots; Charles W. Hawthorne paints with a tull brush and broad strokes and allows his medium to flow freely. ®ach in hir OwWn way produces a masterpiece, * % x 2 Neither i* it very possible to sify 1he artiach nccerding o sohool n. Gari Melchers, for instance, is din. tinetly «liled with the group which ia endeavoring to create new traditions. He heads the membershp list of the New Nocisty and is its executive of- ficer; yot he is esmentially a realist, and moat of his painting= are dom inate& by subjective interest. A well for a beer jag & rather natural. But it does seem that on both sides of the ocean it is coming to bé recognized that alcholic stimulation i no direct heip to physical efficienc * K ox X The Bpringfield Niinois State Jour- nal recalls that “similar permission been granted before for the manu- cture of a heverage for the sick,” and 18 inclined to accept the assurance that the high percantage of sollds in malt tonic makes it wholly unfit for beverage purposes. “‘Whether or not tha permits for the manufacture of mait liguor will be re- newed after the six-month period.” in the opinion of the Canton Dally News, “will doubtiess depend on the expe- rlencer of that time. Both tonica and medicines must be prohibited if usage makes them beverages.” The Dan- ville Register wants to know whe Mr. Andrews “got the authority to or- der ‘medicinal beer' to be manufac- tured.” and the Richmond Item as. serta it f& “his business not to make known critic, writing of him six or prohibition laws, but to enforce the sevintyeack worl actuality rather than the kingdom of fancy and ima Imuu‘- that claimed his interest an KO, sa1d that it was the | Statutes as they stand.” atten- | painting drinkable, the tonle proves to which have occurred within tion. An extremely gifted connolsseur | the last five or ten years, Gari Mel- who visited t! Melohera® it landscape, rooran Gallery's ex. | chers, nibition this week, atanding before Mn, | novators. ““'he | masters of the past, has held unmoved the fn. great with the sympathizing revérencing Wheeler House.” exclaimed, “Here it | to his own convictions and worked on & picture which represénts the inner ! in his own established style. eya, not what the artist saw bul what be felt™ And 8o It B . B Mm i and in-the previnos of It is & great thing (o he abla 10 hold one's ground and tn.be unconfused amid the contusion lfi hectic movement of contem| drunk without an antidote, and mev be an excellent ald to nuraing moth ars, but is & total loss ax a beverage suitable for washing down a limburger cheess sandwich.” Incidentally, the World-Herald mentions the fact that “the Nebraska attorney general save it doesn’t make any differenca if the | new stuff is a medicine instead of bav- erage, it can't be sold in the State."” o R = What Really Is Needed. From the Anniston Star. Dr. Mattoon Curtis. for 35 vears head of Western Reserve University's | department of philosophyv, told a group of undergraduates the other day that ha was so tired of “go-get-'em” phi- losophy that he wes resigning from his chair a1 the university. The struggle to teach esthetics in a world saturated with talk only of dol- lars, progreas, 100-percentism and that 18 too great a battle in this swift age, the doctor thought. Perhaps, after all, what tires Dr. Curtis more than anvthing alse is sham. Thers's quite a bit of it thase days. The national pastime has be- come “putting up & front." There I8 a great deal of silly superficiality. The modern high-powered salesman, for the greater part with only techni- cal equipment and without the back- ground of liberal arts, in & parrot. Ask this high-power fellow a few simple test questions And (he chances are great that his front of stern wisdom will collapse. Ha think& in a high- power groove. Get him out of his groove and he ia as dumb as a pune- tured drum. The only remedy is a little tima da- voted to sincere atudy of a few nof life'n finer things that do not lmmedlna'li mean dollars and cents, but whi widen a man inestimably and open up for him an enlarged vista of life. ————— What We Eat We Are. From the Toledo Blade. To preserve our seif-respect thi above caption should have an interre- gation point (in parenthesis) after it. He was a professor of something or other who said that what we eat, that is what we are. So remarking. let 1 quote some fi’urfl broadeast by the Depariment of Agriculture. ] The consumption of beef by Ameri- cans per capita in 1925 was 621 pounds, inst 684 the year before. The 1935 per capita consumption ef pork was 7.1 pounds, sgainst 863 pounds the year before. It is an axiom that figures don't lie. stimes they would be more enter- taining if they did. But, reverting to what the professor said. we were leas porkish and more beeflike last year than the year befors. This thing of being what we eat is not & pleasant contemplation. Nobody wants to g6 about. one mo- ment feeling ke a paacock An parade And the nexishave the thaught come 10 him that A& 18 & pig, & ham sand. wich, a beaf stew-or & soup bone.