Evening Star Newspaper, April 4, 1926, Page 39

DEBATE REVIVED ON PLAN FOR TOMB OF UNKNOWN Congress Delays Action on Completion,! as Some Urge Elaborate Mausoleum BY REX COLLIER. PATIONING of an armed guard at the Tomb of the * Soldier in Arlington Cemetery has revived discus. sion over the incomplete con- ion of this impressive memerial to \merican warriors who died in the World Vwar, > The p keep to watch the sacred shrine at vill be seized upon by proponents of | « more, elaborate monument forceful’argument in their favor. The Government, it is being pointed by this zesture of the military i< demonstrated that it is necessary tu announce to the visiting public that | Here is the Unknown_Hero’s Tomb,” t they forget or ovérlook its pres- ence entirely I no other way, it is claimed, does sual visitor to Arlington Ceme- tery know that the plain stone sepul- | {8 WERIC TEE To0 B e R, they her at the entrance to the Arlington | tpink, should be malintained. “If no emorial Amphitheater marks the | onyment is erected,”” Chlef Justice resting place of the body that repre- | njocoy explains, “there will be no | sents the nation’s war dead. chance' for erection of an inartistic | the ta Congress Delays Action. not generally known that to mgress has failed even to au- Lorize completion of the memorial. Fhis authotization must be given ore the Commission on the Erec on of Memorials and Entombment of wies in thg Arlington Memor \mphithea can make the first move toward rectifying a condition has aroused the interest and pro- of numerous patriotic organi and individuals, The _initial of course, is a request for ap- ations with which to carry out e i e i . | On the Erection of Memorials and En- el Droject, a8 SuCh, 8 et In . !tombment of Bodies in the Arlington chulous state. | No concrete plan | Memorial Amphitheater for the fiscal 4xists for completion of the tomb.|year ended June 30, 1925, recommend- Many suggested designs ve been | ing completion of the memorial at a submitted to the Secretary of War, | coct ot to exceed $50,000. el B Bl }\v’"h{ aP-| The report called attention to the proval. The proporals range from |fact that “there hus been considerable Jaborate matioleuns to peace arches. | verse newspaper eriticlam of the The very comprehensiveness of these lmomp of the Unknown Soldier in the designs has been their own undoing e avho have been Intrusted |sccountiof i present imARIANAD on:| SMEIOE find th the selection of a design In the |qjjon,” and that “these critlcisms vent of congressional approval of the | huve been widely movement to finish the tomb are |throughout the country.” nown to have but one guiding princi- | Ay the time the bod. ple—the tomb, when completed, must | xnown was interred, the report ex: e extremely simple and dignified. President Favors View. Unknown | National | 48 @ Columbla Supreme <ourt | and Others Want Plain Inscription. the World War.” The above inscrip- fon, it was pointed out, would | sufficient to call to the attention of |every passerby its hallowed purpose, {and to protect it from both thought- | less and deliberate desecration., Other Plans Opposed. appears, indeed, to be a | There strong school of thought against com- cing of an Aray) sentinel | ation of the tomb, beyond, perhaps, Chief Justice the District of is one of this school. He has of War an ption. oy of {such an inseri Walter T. Mt | the leaders in written to the Secretars | expression of the views held by him- elf and "a_considerable number of people who feel very strongly about | the matter of a monument in mem- |ory of the Unknown Soldiel This feeling .is based, principally, on the fear that to erect a ment_would mar the present simplic- monument, to' which danger we constantly” subjected here in V ington. While these discussions are under way in patriotic circles, the wheels of Congress continue to grind exceed ingly slow. The prospects of pa t this session of legislation ary to pave the way for formal con- sideration of plans for completing the tomb appear to be very slim. Report Urges Completion. At the beginning of this vear Presi dent Coolidge transmitted to Congre: the annual report of the Commission h- be | re | neces- | monu- i ter of the calendar s are | budget THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C.;, APRIL 4, 1926— PAR' BY HENRY W. BUNN. HE following is a brief sum- mary of the most important news of the world for the seven days ended Aprii 3: The British Empire.-—Let us hope that the monstrous Shakespeare Me morial Theater; at Stratford which, to the satistaction of all artistic souls went up in smoke the other day il be replaced by a modest (though ex structure in keep it quisite, of course), ing with the charming old town & the authentic Shakespearcan atmo: phere. The stage of Shakespear globe is indicated. But, alas, there is talk of another big structure, the last word in modernity. If that crimin. idea is realized there are torches, there are noble firebugs. . Representatives of the coal miners and mine owners continue to discuss with each other the report of the coal commission, without —appgrent ap- proach to ugreement. The truce be tween miners and owners expires April 30, with which date the govern- ment subsidy to the industry ceases. The trade showing of the first quar- ar scarcely ju: tified the optimism vacher widely ex pressed as the year opened. Wik kv France.—The Chamber has voted | ation called for to balance the | | | and there is little doubt of the nate's approval The reader will recall that M. Dou- mer's original supplementary taxation bill, proposed about January 1, called for 5.800.000,000 francs of tixes, in ad- dition to taxation alrea ted to | meet the necessities of 1926; i. in ad dition to the budgetary itenrs and to three billion francs of emergency di- rect taxation authority for which was | wrung by Briand 1 the sullen | Chamber on December 2, 1925 | M. Doumer proposed to apply the | three billions of revenue contemplated | by the December 2 grant, and the 5. 800,000,000 contemplated by his bill, & follows: 4,300,000,000 against the est mated budget, deficit, 2,000,000,000 to reimburse the Bank of France, 2,500.- | 000,000 to go into a sinking fund for | amortization of the public debt. 1 cannot discover how much of the | 5.800,000,000 francs taxation called | for by M. Doumer was voted by the | defeated and the franc be still further | marKedly depressed in consequence, | they might get the major blame for | the latter and be punished according- |ly. The support of the radical So- cialists who stood by the government had to be bought by the government's most unwilling acquiescence to inclu- sion in the taxation bill of proposals {of government oil and sugar monop- olies, the former certainly (to become effective April 1, 1927) a dubious project intimately involving relations with Russia. 1t scems likely that the Senate will take those proposais out of the tax- stion bill, which might .mean more rowing in the Chamber. The true measure of confidence will be the extent to which the maturing sh m obligations are resub- scribed. The franc fell to 3.301; cents the other day on New York Exchange, the lowest point ever. I believe it has since recovered to about 3.46. Having completed the above 1 note that the French Chamber. since send- ing its taxaton bill to the Senate, has voted an increase of 30 per cent on most Import duties to offset the rev- enue loss from the fall of the franc. Last Sunday an incident of some importance followed the election of two Communists to the Chamber through support from the unified Socialists and radical Soclalists, their victories over opposing candidates supported by the “League of Young Patriots” being very narrow ones. When the results were announced there was a considerable demonstra- tion by the “League of Young Pa. triots,” in the course of which one of the young patriots was: knocked on the head by a policeman. His subse- quent death has further embittered the already sufficiently bitter feeling of the extremists toward each other. The Duke of Orleans, head of the House of Bourbon and pretender to the throne of France since 1894, is dead. He was son of that Comte de Paris who was attached to McClel- lan’s staff in the Civil War, and wrote a history of that conflict, and grand- son of Louis Philippe, King of the French. His cousin, the Duke of iuise, succeeds him as head of the House of Bourbon. Presumably, even if that gentleman should renounce his claims, the French government would Chamber: apparently only 3,300,000,- | Arlington Memorial Amphitheater on ; 900. no provision being made for the | plained, the lower part of the mie- morial was constructed and the asket placed therein, with the idea of This view is shared, it is said. by completing the memorial when Con- President Coolidge. al whose sugges tion the guard was posted at the ! tomb. The President, neverthele: stands ready to cons for giving to the present tomb a more finished appearance, it is undgr: He is reported, to feel ghat w present simplicity of the memorial is der any propo: conducive to its beauty and dignity, the tomb, as a matter of fact, i incomplete. He would wel therefore, any design that remedy this state « narring the simplicity of the shrine. The President’s views are similar to | [ gress should vision therefor. Holds Criticism Justified. The report was considered by the make neéessary pro- 0od. | House coramittee on the Library, of ile the | which Representative Robert Luce of Massachusetts is the chairman, and the committee subsequentl an- nounced to the House its “belief that ome, | the criticism of the unfinished con: would | dition of the memorial is justified.” affairs, without { It w: accordingly recommended that House joint resolution No. 83, to au thorize its completion, be passed. those held by a number of military | Several attempts have been made ind patriotic organizations, who |by Mr. Luce since to obtain the ap- would avoid adoption of 2 design not |proval of the House on this resolu- in consonance with the dignity essen- | tion. The most recent effort, less than iial to such a memorial. The War a forthnight ago, resulted in objec Department has before it, for ex-|tions by (wo members of that bod imple, a petition from a local Amer- with consequent relegation of the can Legion auxiliary that the tomb |measure to the foot of the calendar. be marked merely with the simple in- tription “The Unknown the World War.” on, incidentally, wz 1o request that a military guard hei placed at the tomb to prevent the “almost daily aects of desecration, many of which are, doubtless, the | resuit of ignorance—ignorance of the fact that the unmarked tomb is the national shrine of our heroic dead of time vy for some to its come, Meanwhile the acts of desecration alleged to have been daily occurrences, but discounted entirely by the War Department, can threaten no more the sacredness of the spot where lies America’s hero. His comrades in the flesh will see to that. Blow to League of Nations’ Prestige Reduces Its Usefulness to Minor Things (Continued from First Page.) Yet this bitterness seems, on the whole, unnecessary, because at the precise moment in which the league was demonstrating its limitations it was also disclosing the fact that a future of very great if relatively re- stricted usefulness is opening. No one could escape the feeling that in- creasingly for years to come Geneva is to be the yolitical exchange; that the mere pres- ence here of the league is going to pro- mote an enormous amount of, inter. ational intercou Already it was in that Geneva, through eague, provided a place where Bu- rope could meet and a machine that urope could employ with obvicus ad- antage whenever it chose. The con- ception of the league as the guardian { world peace, as a superstate which ght intervene to coerce belligerent nations and compel the submission of peace disturbers, has been steadily di- ninishing in Kuropean minds. It is iiready accepted that the league can render little if any effective service in_conditions such as existed in 1914, If une considers a new crisis like hat which preceded the World War; what happened here recently is a faic demonstration of the futility of (uy institution, because although c cumstances were different and far less grave, the problem always turn od upon the action pf German, French and British statesmen, never ipon the league in any other exter nal eircumstances. Because -Strese. mann and- Briand trusted each other recognized the home difficulties of cach, the discussions proceeded in an \tmosphere of . not suspicion, as in 1914, but alw point of view. ny should intervene by tomorrow. de- force to reduce cide to the Polish corridor—and 1 use the il- Justration purely as an illustration— the league would be perfectly power- France, Great Britain and Italy might act, and taeir action might be decisive, but it would have 3o relation to the league. Neither the 1ssembly nor the council could do anything, and what was done would be done by the great powers as such, less to act. by the influence of guns and fleets, | not of moral force, which would not find any expression here, where the same payalysis which has occurred before would be bound to recur. But just so long as France, Ger- many, Britain and Italy are desirous of working together, are agreed upon any line of policy with respect of E rope and beyond this, just so long as Europe is in its present mood, which, despite all feverishness and panics, is almost universely desirous of peace and a better understanding, Geneva is the place where there can be a meet- ing of minds and machinery. Many inevitable occasions for assembling must promote an ever-ncreasing 1neasure of international understand- ng. The league itself is in full evolution, also in full erisis. Its whole history las demonstrated that it can have very ljttle usefulness on the lines which Wilson, for example, conceived. Iis area of political influence Is ex- < eedingly small. and tends to diminish, it can do no great thing itself; when the great powers disagree it is noth- ing. It has, moreover, developed cer- tain very grave weaknesses, of w h the ambitious of ‘ 1 thy ngle center of European | the | | | | | ! i | league will become more and more an | s from a purely na- | | occupy large seats is but one. contrast, it Is plain that the insistence of the great powers on complete mas- tery and their rather cavalier disre- gards of the small powers inevitably hadows some sort of internal con- on sooner or later. If, for example, the league should now malke any attempt on its own to deal with the question of disarmament the gttempt would end in disaster, be cause the great powers are not in any sense united, and to raise the issue would be to precipitate a contest which would immediately resolve it- self Into a new battle between the great powers. But if and when the great powers have arrived at a mea ure of agreement as to what they are willing to do. Geneva and the league supply the only place where it is even thinkable that the matter can be con- sidered and the only machinery avail- able. In matters involving dispute be- tween the great powers on issues of peace and war nothing has happened o suggest that the league can have the smallest real influence. But for- tunately’ the recent episode demon strates again that despite the survival of almost innumerable causes for dis- agreement and the persistence of many secular, differences, Europe in the main is strikingly peaceful, and for Iurope, which does want peace sincerely, the league can render very great services and has indeed only begun its career as the meeting place of the Europe which desires co-opera- tion. 3 A United States of Europe is prob- ably totally beyond the realms of 1 alization, but the growing measure of European co-operation is indicated on all sides. And in my judgment the expression of this deirs 5 will be less and less internstiw.s’ in he sense of concerning itself with A:nmican or Asiastic questions, suve v affect Surope. It may even become less and less concerned with purely political questions, even in Europe itself. Thus the recent Geneva episode, while at the moment disclosing very real, very great limitations which must endure, so far from having a fatal effect ‘upon the league, it seems to me is not unlikely to lead to expansion of its usefulness in®fields and directions where its possibilities | can proceed to coerce the smaller are apparent. It is not going to make or control the peace of Europe or the | by contrast, if the great powers sup- countries, port different small powers or divide policies of the European but since most if not all are eagerly desirious of peace it is available, and it is the only instrument available to serve this European need. The real burden of the recent fail- ure must be borne by thage champions of the league in various countries who have represented the Geneva body as a substitute for foreign of- fices and traditional methods of inter- national Intercourse and have adver- tised that there is growing up beside the Lake of Geneva a new institution which would transform international relations and make war impossible. There it seems doomed to slumber | of |awa The same organiza- | horizon of the future beclouded with among the first | grave doubt. By | disseminated | anced, for the estimate of 4,300,000, | | i | | | | i i | | there will be ! heaval. It is obvious, moreover, | that the budget is only nominally bal® { 000 francs us the budget deficit was | of the Un.|made when the fi ne stood at about | 20 to the dollar, whereas it now stands | at about 29.5 to the dollar. The franc may make a considerable recovery. | revenues may considerably exceed ex pectations, but the probability is that | a_ budget deficit after | all. It will. not be importantly large, however, if confidence s revived. | That i the main thing—that confi- dence should be revived. If petty po litical considerations continue to dom- | inate fiscal arrangements confidence | will not Le revived. The prospect in | that regard §s not hopeful. A bitter | struggle is expected over the ques. | tion of provision for a sinking fund. The measures just voted got by only through abstentions. Had the unified Soclalists and the dissident radical Socialists voted they would have | voted against them, Tlerriot persuad- | ed them to abstain by harping on. the continuous fall of the franc and point. I ing out that, should the measures be | with | greatly not consider it safe to allow him to continue residence in France: and, if he has to be an exlle, he might as well have the fun attaching to the| role of pretender. Indeed, one hears that he has formally assumed that | role. He seems to be a good sort Rumors continue to float about aguely importing that Abd-el-Krim is making overtures looking to peace France and Spain. Reports differ as to whether or no Abd-el-Krim is in good plight to con- tinue the struggle. The weather and the condition of the terrain should | soon be favorable to «perations on the | and scale. And then we shall see what we shall see, The Druses and the bandits of varied sort continue to whoop things up against the French authorities in rria, but M. de Jouvenel, the French | high commissioner, announces that | about April 15, when the roads should | be in good condition and the weather | heartening to the Africans, Algerans, | Moroccans, Tunisians and Senegalese who constitute the bulk of the troops | under the French colors, his troops will begin & ° campaign thoroughly to deracinate rebellion and | | situation banditry and that he expects the job to be completed by May 1. One is inclined to say at a venture that De Jouvenel is a bit of an optimist. * ok ok * Italy.—The seventh anniversary of the birth of Fascismo was celebrated with vehemence throughout Italy last Sunday. After reviewing 50,000 black shirts, Mussolini addressed a vast throng. Among other things—hot and strong—he said: “You are un- doubtedly impatient in the expecta- tlon of something.” (Cries of “Yes, yes!™) “I promised vou last year that we would have a fine opportunity, and I have kept my word. WIill you be- lleve me if I tell you that ycur im- patfence will be appeased some day?” (“Yes, yes!") Evidently something big is about to electrify the world. Not the black shirts only, but all of us are a-tip- toe, with trembling ears, expectant of the marvel. The Fascist divectorate of nine, headed by the redoubtable Farinacci, secretary general of the Fascist party, resigned, and has been replaced by a new directorate, headed by Deputy Turati.. The motto of Farinaccl's directorate was, “Merciless intransi- gence toward our enemles”; that of the new directorate is “Unflinching intransigence toward ourselves.’ Farinacci, the swash-buckler, was the man to quell opposition, to liqui- date the Matteotti affair—that sort of thing; now that the enemy has been disposed of, the leadership passes to Turati, the great organizer. 1 re- sist the temptation to discourse of the | new politico-economic organization merely remarking that we are wit- nessing an extraordinary adaptation of Gulld socialism. ok kA The Kingdom of the Serbs Croats and Slovenes.—Raditch and four other members of the Croatian Peasants party have resigned from the coali tion cabinet headed by Pashitch, thus ending the brief and illusory era of good will in the kingdom of the Serbs. Croats and Slovenes, and openly re viving the feud between the Serbs, who are for a centralized state, and the Croats and Slovenes, who are for a federal state. Afl the fat's in the fire again. The point of grand importance is that the Croats and Slovenes e far more cultivated than the Serbs and resent domination by the latter. F Rumania.—Gen. Averescu, directed to form a Rumanian cabinet jn suc- fon to that headed by Bratiano, s complied. The opinfon is express- ed by competent critics that the new cabinet is a puppet one, the sirings being in the hands of Bratiano. who will manipulate them in the interest of the so-called Liberal (really Con- servative, very much so) party. Gen Avérescu’s party (the People’s party has the smallest representation of any party in Parliament (only five deputies). Four members of the new cabinet are generals. Rumania seem: t be in a mess politically. The is not unlike that in the kingdom of the Serbs, Croats Slovenes: the old kingdom attempt- ing to dominate the new, whereof the old is not the major part., either as to size or as to population. * % % % United States of America.—Iederal ome and profits tax payments in £100,000,000. and | By 306 to 62 the House has voted for impeachment, for “high mi: i demeanors,” of Federal Judge George W. English of the eastern district of { Minos. ! A bill has been submitted to the House calling for immediate vay- ment, by way of Treasury bond issues, of the claims of American ! citizens against Germany O. K.'d b | the Mixed Claims Commission, Ge the rolling years. Debate in the Senate on Italo-American debt settlement con- tinues briskly, Senator Robinson leading the attack, Senator Smoot the defense. No doubt the speech of Senator Reed of Pennsylvania, favor- ing ratification, was the most notable contribution so far to.the debate. Once, twice, thrice of late securities have fallen with a sickening thud on the New York Stock Exchange, but apparently the bulls have now rallied | effectively. : Capt. paired his three-engine Alaskan_which was injured in land- ing at Fairbanks, flew in that ma- chine on Wednesday from Fairbanks to Point Barrow, 500 miles, in 4% hours. He took with him 3,000 | pounds of supplies and will return to Fairbanks for more. Capt. Wil- kins' pilot is Lieut. Eielson. The Byrd Arctic expedition will be on its way tomorrow, when the shin Chantier, leased from | Board, sails from New York She will go first to Tromsoe, and thence to Kings Bay, Spitz bergen. She has on board a three- | engine Fokker plane named the | Josephine Ford. and a Curtis plane {in reserve. Kings Bay should be reached about May 1—about the time | the Norge, Amundsen’s dirigible will { be due there. | ¥ranz Kneisel, the violini ductor and teacher of music Ah, those delightful hours to the Kneisel quartet Wi listenin | | * ok * ok | Miscellaneous.—The Belgian franc | has been falling in sympathy with the French, its lowest mark on Ne himself a candidate for the presidency of Greece. That's £ood news, Dro vided the powers of the president are strictly limited under the new consti- tution. Very little news of the important military developments _in China Kuominchun forces (in what strength does not uppear) have made defensiv | dispositions about Peking, and one must suppose that fighting is in | process for possession of the city be tween -these forces and co-operating fordes of Gens. Chang Tsung Chang and Li Ching Ling. which have advanced from Tientsin, and of Chang Wso Lin, which have descended on | Peking from Manchuria. President Calles of Mexico has pro | mulgated regulations 1o govern appli cation of the recent Mexican land | legislation, and one hears that they |are satisfactory to our government. | Confidence s felt that the regula ! tions fexpected soon) to govern appli- intended | March exceeded estimates Ly about | catfon of the recent petroleum legis {lation will prove equally satisfactory BISHOP MANNING PINS FAITH IN HONESTY OF MODERN YOUTH/ CREATES NEW 'U. 'S. ECONOMIC DEPENDENCE POLITICAL VIEW Claims Fears About Younger People in Age of Jazz Curtailment of Rubber Production Brings to Light Fact America Needs 70 Other Basic Products Controlled by Foreign Monopolies.. Are Without Cause, and Be Aided by Se i | BY BISHOP WILLIAM T. MANNING Many fears arve expressed today | about our younger people, but I be- | lleve that many of these fears are| without foundation and that some o those who are expressing alarm would be much helped by a sense of humor and by more of the spirit of vouth in their own hearts. It is quite true tha as a result of the war we are lving in a time of moral and spiritual up- | We have had jazz music, ja art. jazz literature and also jazz re ligion, but this movement is now right- ing itself and we are moving toward a truer estimate of values in life and in art. Period of Commercialism. We have, it is true, sordid and shameless teachers of immorality, some of them claiminz to be reform- | ers, who commercialize and exploit the sex instinct in putrescent litera- ture and in vile plays, but I believe our voung people will react against this, though for their sakes we ought to fight this evil with all our strength, as we would the deliberate dissemina tion among them of disease. It is true that there is a widely prevalent spirit of lawlessness and disregard for authority, but our young poople are less responsible for this than some of their elders who uphold the destructive doctrine that we have the right to disobey the law if it hap- No won; pens to be distasteful to us. allegations of nationalism and reac- tion. The league, viewed rationally, is a place, a method and a machinery, but it is not a force and it has no 'power of its own. TIts curse has always| been that its perfervid champions | have claimed for it extravagant mer- its. 1In the last analysis success or failure of the league will not rest with | itself, although the present faulty or- | zanization must be cured. Al will depend upon the state of mind of all the great powers. If they desire to find peaceful solutions, if they seek a | friendly association to solve difficul- ties, the league is here and available. ! But the league itself can neither com- pel nor influence the state of mind of | several nations. Tt is always passive, it is always an instrument and it is always doomed to failure when the nations are unwilling to accept its machine and method. | It is true when smail powers quar- | rel great”powers, if they are agreed, hrough the name of the league. But directly on issues between themselves, there is nothing here at Geneva which | can be invokel to preserve peace or prevent collision. Thus, in so far as the league ‘has been accepted as a sign of a better day and proof of a new. world, the recent experience has been disappointing and will weaken the cause of idealists in all countries. What seems to me clear beyond all debate as a_consequence of the latest experience is that the league is not and cannot be a force compelling or directing the progress of international relations. The more peaceful Europe Some Alarmists Would nse of Humor. der that schoolboys carry flasks if they know that their parents patron- | ize the bootlegger. Liberty depends | upon obedience to constitutional law Against the flippant statements on ¢ | ihis subject just now so common let|inreaten to disturb the average ug koop in mind the words of Abra 2am Lincoln: “Let reverence for the | aws become the poltiical religion of he Nation, and let the old.and the | | voung. the rich and the poor, the| save and the gay of all sexes and ongues and colors and conditions sac- | fice unceasingly upon its altars.” | Tdeals No Lower. As to the present situation amon our young people, let me give answer o three or four questions which are | often asked. The first is: “Are the| ideals and standards of our young | people today lower than those of the | preceding generation?” 1 do not think | so. Some of our young people are! foolish and lawless and selfish. but there is nothing new about this. It | as so when we were young and has | always becn so. 3 On the whole, I believe our voung | peopie today are singularly responsive to higher ideals. They have far more freedom than we had in our time, but I believe they will show themselves able to use this rightly. From my own contact with many of our younger people and from what I find to be the judgment of teachers and others who are in close relation with them I be- lieve that our young men and women generally are better prepared to meet the tests of life than we were at their age, and that they will do their part better than we have done ours. The second question I am asked i “What about the present revolt of vouth of which we hear so much in our magazines and other literature? My own opinion is that we hear too much about it. Certainly this is no new thing. Youth has always been in revolt, and always will be, and in the right sense ought always to be. We| should not wish our young people | to be completely satisfled with the world as it is. It is the part of| youth to challenge conventional | standards and existing institutions, | and if our young people are giving | this challenge honestly and vigorous- Iy this is a good and wholesome sign. If our standards and institutions are | true and worthy to endure they can meet and welcome such a challenge. Failure of Parents. As our third question T am asked, “Is the relation between young peo: | ple and their parents as satisactory ds it was in the last generatian?” T do not think it is, and the re-| sponsibility for this rests upon the parents far more than upon the chil- dren. T am certain that the relation between parents and children can be! just as satistying today as formerly, if we will give the necessary time and thought to it. The real weak- ness of the situation is that many parents today are themselves adrift without clear religious faith and the moral convictions, and where this is the case we need not wonder that our young people fail to find the help in their homes which theéy have the right to expect there.: But in the recent test the respective | is the more use it will make of Gene- foreign offices took possession of the|va, but the less peaceful Europe is Geneva institution and turned out all | the less Geneva will function. Paris, its agents and made it no more than | Berlin, London and Rome can rhake a battleground between nations quar-| Geneva work usefully, but Geneva reling over traditional issues of pres-|can exercise 'no influence upon these tige and power. The injury. then, is | capitals to promote sound reldtions be- not to the league, which obviously | tween them. In a word, Geneva is was not and could rot become what | and-will remain a passive, not active, its champions had hoped and claimed, | agency, and the motive power must but it was a blow to idealism ail over | come from outside, and In the nature| he worid. and particularly in Europe |of things can only. come when the it wus 2 blow which had i powers are agrecd 2 % 8T s v kit Ll sents 1020 Our young people today are put- ting us to a severe test. Above all things, they demand reality and sin- cerity. They are thinking clearly and freely and honestly. We must be willing to meet the standard which they demand of us. (Covyright. 1926.) —_— Household labor is cheap and plentiful in Poland. The average pay for a housemaid is only about $10 = month and board. BY \\'Ii.l,l.\.\l C. REDFIELD, Former Secretary of Commerce strange which on sign: the economic horizon have - appeared——signs zen in his comfortable Uelief concern- ing America’s self-sufficiency. e has been satisfied heretofore that the United States occupies a unique eco- nomie position, that it is independent in material affairs of the rest of the world. When the price of rubber, due to the action of the Stevenson com- mittee, rose suddenly last Fall‘it was a distinct shock to learn that there was no visible way to escape the un- pleasant reality save through conser- vation.. A few, in recent years, have attempted to show that this great country and every one of its indi- vidual “citizens ave united to the rest of the world by economic ties that | reach into our ordina occupations and affect all of us every day. But such teachers hitherto have lifted | their voices in the wilderness. Most of us preferred to believe that the United States stood apart and could rely safely on her own great re- sources. e had kept free from po- litical “entangling alliances™; certainly we could do likewise in the economic field. With our great agricultural production and our endowment of primary commodities like coal, copper and petroleum, ‘it seemed obvious that we held the key position in the world. The war did not disturb this belief concerning our super-position. As the most prosperous nation and the gen- eral creditor we became more and more complacent. Since we were making the largest material contri- bution to the world’s economic life it was natural to condescend kindly to others, assuming that"we had sufficiént and self-controlled py which they could but vainly és For a time, indeed, it may seemed that we might have be exempt 1 somehow from the fears and fortunes of the rest of the world. state of economic development where we were desyned to learn otherwise Already the ‘average American has seen how crude rubber, which affec the automobile industry, the radio, the telephone, our important sports and even the fire departments of our cities. ¥ intrude into our daily lives and Xtricably link us in interest with {other countries and governments The same ix true of the steel industr which looks to othe~ countries for many elements essentiul to its varied operations. It is true, also. of such | major industries as those producing hats, wool clothing, shoes and oilcloth. Who can tell, then, where economic interests and political intevests begin® Can we say that we have no interest in the labor questions of other coun | tries when materials required by our big industries are ,nanufactured \ the men and women of other lands | have been brought home to the Ame; |ican consumer. The "House commit- | tee on inteystate and foreign merce in its stud: into allied questions. It now tells us potash, silk, nirates and sisal may be determined by the action of govern- ments which control the production of these commodities, and that there are -some 70 other vital materials | which the United States does not pro- duce in sufficient quantities for its own requirements. Should the gov- ernments of other countries restrict the flosv of these supplies to us we are advised that it may be necessary for the required raw commodities in order to combat exorbitant prices. With these facts made public through the press, the consumer is beginning to see that our foreign policy is after all a matter of impor- tance to him. VCunyrm 1926.) Red and Blue Flowers Colored by Same Dye; Alkalines and Acids Make Change It makes no difference whether a flower is red or blue, its hue is due to the same fundamental substance. Its redness or blueness depends on the chamical nature of the plant sap. For example, deep red dahlias and blue cornflowers contain the . same pigment, but the sap of the dahlias is acid and that of the cornflowers is_alkaline; and this makes all the difference. Tntermediate shades de- pend on the degrees of acidity or alkalinity. The name of this versatile plant pigment, or dye, is ‘“anthocyanin,” according to Prof. R. Robinson, well known English physiological chem- ist, who told of investigations in this branch of plant physiology before the Royal Institution of Great Britain. This strange-looking word is made up of two simple Greek roots, which translate into “flower-blue,” which is exactly descriptive of one of its phases. There are vreally many distinct anthocyanins, Prof. Rebinson. ex- plained, though chemically they are practically _identical. By analysis they can all be shown to be derived trom three .fundamental substances, which are closely related to each other. RN, There appears also to be a fourth member of this group of basic flower dyestuffs, which has ‘JonT heen ex- moited by Lpwical Indin wilbes as ‘material for rouge, which, howev 1:]used among them by gentlemen only. “The Indians of South America in the vicinity of the Orinoco prepare modity that it is said of a poorer native, ‘he can only paint half of his face!’ The chemical examina- tion of carajura by Prof. A. G. Per- a red crystalline constituent called carajurin. The hmolecules of the salts of carajurin with acids have been proved to contain the charge- teristic nucleus of the anthocyanidins and apparently carajura_proclaims a fourth anthocyanidin. It is unique both as & cosmetic and .as an ob- Ject of scientific research.™ Polnn;l Will Restore Chateau Built in 1767 Poland is preparing to restore the Chateau Lazienki at a cost of about $150,000. Tt was there that Poland’s last Kings dwelt. Napoleon also lived there for a time. The chateau is beautifully situated before an antificial pool. Tts delicately colored walls make 2 pleasing effect in the green of the U SR e i R the | the flight over the Pole from Point | Barrow to Spitzenbergen, having re- airplane | | But we were rapidly approaching a | a red plant, pigment called ‘carn- iJura,” or ‘chica,’” Prof. Robinson ! | says. “It is. so valuable a com- kin has resulted in the isolation of | ' ' | | | many to reimburse in the course of | | | i Wilkins, who is to attempt | doctors, the school teachers, the farm- 1 the Shipping | JOURNALISTS CONGRESS WILL STRIKE NEW NOTE Sessions This Week to Bring Together Men Whose Work Is Vital Factor in World Harmony BY BEN McKELWAY. URING the current week some 150 Latin American newspa- per men, representing as | many influential newspapers of the South and Central American republics, will gather in | Washingion to meet ana to talk shop | generally with Yankee members of the craft. The meeting will be the first Pan-American Congress of Jour- | nalists, and is held in accordance with a resolution proposed by the American delegation to the Fifth Pan-Ainerican Congress three years ago in Santiago, Chile. The gathering is significant and in- teresting. For many years now the ers, the lawyers, the postal authori- ties, the manufacturers and the diplo- mats of North and South America have been exchanging ideas, opinions and advice, all of which made for & more enlightened intercourse between the people of the American republics. But the meeting this week in Wash- ington Is the first between men who | hold in their hands the recognized in- | strument for molding public opinion. | And public opinion, In the end, i | what determinee the manner of ties which bind peoples together. Tt is al-| together necessa and fitting that | ! men who direct this important force | should have an intelligent understand- | ing of each other through a friendly | | discussion of their mutual problems. | | York Exchange having been 3 cents. Premier Pangalos has announced | Harmony Assured at Start. Such an opportu: in the forthcoming congress. 3 there are no delicate questions pend- | ing. There are no situations fraught | with danger. There are no crises loom- | ing. There is nothing to deadlock the | discussions, nor is there cause for any delegation to leave the marble halls of the Pan:American Union in a huff, pack its belongings and take the next boat back to South America. The conferees have no official standing, they are attending the conference in- dependently, and the whole purpose | of their coming together is to ‘“‘get acquainted” and to talk to each other | of ways and means for making the | press piay its harmonious part in the i concert of nations The whole congress has been de- signed to bring the Latin American | newspaper men into contact with men | of thelr profession in the United | States: to afford them an opportunity of talking together, and, finally, to show them something of the country | in the hope that they will carry back | with them to their homes a better and | more sympathetic understanding of | the American people, their mode of | lite and their method of thought It is difficult to conceive of a sim-| pler, vet more practical. method of | furthering the cause of friendly rela tions with Latin America. The right | sort of publicity is an_efficacious in- | strument. It is capable of accom- plishing much good. But, to secure this publicity, newspapers must be won over by frank and open discus sion of the subject, while those who write of it must understand it 1 Railroad Case Cited. Not so many yvears ago a certain| Iroad found itself constantly in hot water with the public. An accident| 'on its lines was not portrayed in the . mediately to the station. { they pleased and to | | It is only of late that such facts ! com- | of rubber inquired | the prices we pay for coffee, camphor, us to produce if and where we can | | | when he was the actual as well as| [hlb"lon Amendment. dent. but newspapers as simply an a i as “Another Accident.” omething, naturally, had to be done about it. A voung an presented himself to the officials of the raflroad and indicated | that he could correct the bad taste in the mouths of the public concerning | thi¢ railroad. His suggestion was an| amazing scheme which first sent the ailroad officials into hysterics and then led them to request, coldly but sirmly, that the young man leave the| office. By dint of much argument.| however, he finally brought them around to his way of thinking. He <uggested that the next time there was a wreck on the railroad the news papers should be notified immediately and a private car placed at their dis posal to convey reporters to the scene t the accldeni. Somewhat doubtfully the plan was tried. A slight wreck occurred and the astonished city editars were notifled the railroad and invited to send reporters im At the sta-| tion the reporters were placed in a| ate car. provided with cigars and | ,astened to the scene of the wrec] There,” instead of being rebuffed by havdboiled railroad detectives, they | ¢ allowed free rein 1o go wherever| sk as many ques- tions as they could think of. Their jons were answered. the cause of oues the wreck was explained and they wit- nessed. meantime. the machinery | brought into play by a railroad when a wreck ties up its lines. To the| entightenment of the railroad officials. | smon lookinz at the newspapers pext | |land and shown the Naval Academ | Philadelphia the day they found columns devoted to a description of how efficiently a rail road goes about clearing away wreck. To the newspaper men tha was the real story. The wreck was old stuff. Theary Found Practicable. There is no reason why a theor: which has heen tested and found prac ticable in establishing friendly rela tions between the public and great industrial establishments should not be found equally successful, if mod fled to suit the occasion, in maintair ing friendly relations between nations The delegates to the first American Congress of Journalists rep resent the leading newspapers of eve: Latin_American_republic and of the United States. They will be addressed by the President of the United States, by the Secretary of State and other officials of the Pan-American Union The ’subjects listed for discussion are those which concern the newspaper in its task of publishing news of in ternational interest. “The Press and International Relations” will be dis cussed from the points of view of fostering closer relations between the American republics; of the selection of news to give o clearer picture of the national life of the peoples of Amer ica: of the question of increased spac devoted to economic and financial de velopment, and for recounting culturai and artistic progress on the American Continent. “Newspaper Ethics,” an sther general subject, will be discussed from the aspect of the influence « journalism on international relations and the internal affai nations of | together with the problem of reconcil ing the liberty of the press with the highest conceptions of the ethics « journalism. “The Gathering and Dis semination of News,” another subjec: listed for conference. will bring uj such technical problems as cos transmission by cable, by wireless ani by mail; rates, limitations and the f cilities of these various methods Other Subjects Listed. Advertising. newspaper organiz tion, schools of journalism and pres associations are other subjects on the program. Between the conferences and the actual session of the con gress much has been planged in Washingtor for the entertainment of the guests. There will be numerons luncheons and dinners, and they wil be shown the workings of the ernment machine and taken on seeing tours which include the varfous points of interest in and zbout Wasl ington. While the congress comes to an en: on Tuesday, April 13. the delegates from the Latin American countrie will be only beginning their visit t the United States. From Washingtor they will be taken to Norfolk r the way shown somethi ginia. From Norfolk e boat to Annapolis. where they received by the Governor of Mar: From Annapolis they w timore and be entertained delegates shown some of the great industr establishments and from there the will go to New York. From New York they will sail up the Hudson to Wes Point and after visiting several citles in the State return to New York. The National Automobile Chamber of Com merce will then take the visitors o1 a tour which iricludes a visit ta an nspection of the industrial center the Middle West. The: New York about May 11. Will Get New Perspective. From their visit to this country Latin American journalists should c: rv back with them a clearer pictur of the United States and of its people 11 go to Ba' there. Tn will be It should give them a proper bacl ground and sufficient understandine to interpret. for their readers, news which comes from the North. The spirit of organization is one among newpaper men. It heen many years since Mark described as he did rnalism tn Tennessee, when one of the main re quirements of a successful editc an ability to dodge bullets and brick bats from the editor of a rival pub! catlon. Newspaner men and news papers are coming to a clearver real zation of their responsibilities in th scheme of things. and tb this re tv finds expression in an Tr sponsi ternationa! Congress of Journalists is an encowraging sign the times Out of the congress it is the hove of those who are bringing about t perfect a permanent Pan-American Organization of Journalists. The log! step. then, will be a Second Pan American Congress of Journalists meet in South America In the meantime. and itors from the South Bienvenid: the vis (Continukd from First Page.) oflice, title and salary. however. He| is understood to be working much in the field as general supervisor of the | whole machine, and appears at sub stantially all of the Important confer ences.at the Treasury on major pro- hibition problems. i “Well Earns His Sa'ary ! “He well earns his salary,” was the | prompt response of Gen. Andrews at | one time to several sharp criticisms| which had cropped up against the commissioner. Reports_persist, from time to time, that Mr. Haynes will re- sign. that he will enter State politics in Ohlo. that he will be requested to resign, but both Secretary of the; Treasury Mellon and Assistant Secre- | tary Andrews always have ready the same denial. £ At the beginning of the sixth year | of prohibition, however, and this open- | ing of the administration’s second | year of intensive driving, under the leadership of Gen. Andrews, the promiinence of Ray A. Haynes in pro- hibition affairs occupies an entirely different aspect from the old days| nominal prohibition commissioner. Treasury officials, when asked sev- eral times as {o whether the adminis- tration had decided on a man for the new post of prohibition commissioner | under the bill now pending in Con-| gress, have always given non-com- | mittal answers. This part of the| problem, it has been said, had not as| vet been considered. No one had been picked for the post. The question of what will hapen | to prohibition In the next few. years involves always the question of how Gen. Andrews will succeed in his fight. At present his personal integrity stands unassafled by any of the tornadoes which are being kicked up by contlicting currents of opposing forces. As a soldier and a gentleman he received the wnusual distinction of praise at the recent celebrated dinner of the Association Against the Pro- Capt. William H. Stayton, executive head of the or-| ganization, while bitterly ‘attncking what he considered the evils prohibi- tion had brought in its train, paid per- sonal tribute to Gen. Andrews. The first véar of the new war s ger. The administration 1kes Caught jerushing every second wind. With Presient Coolidge and S of the Treas ury Mellon sol ck of him, with the tumult and the shouting of & great war of words echoinz in his ears, and with a consressionul eiec tion in the offinx, how far will Gen Andrews succeed” Vienm; Cé;ning Back To Its Pre-War Ways to' its Vienna is returning slowly pre-war ways. At a corner in one of the most'fre- quented parts of the city Is a sign which reads, “We shall son reopen our old music room here.” Years ago one could enter that music room, drop a coin in a slot, adjust earphones-and listen to the music of Mozart and Lehar. Then came inflation days form of business ex cept changing money. Banks were hard put to it to handle the increased business. - They needed move room and ot i by converting cafes, shops, palaces and apartment houses into bank space. Hundreds of wechselstubes. or exchange places, were opened. Bucket shops were organized to handle the speculation in worthless securities Although many lifetime savings melt ed away under the heat of the Lunk note presses the Viennese did not lose their good nature, their gemutlichkeit. Then came stabilization of Austrian money. A new currency, the shilling. was introduced. The rate was 1 shill- ing to 10,000 paper crowns. It Is no longer profitable to have hundieds of banks and thousands of employes just to handle currency. Speculation is over and work has begun., Banks. wechselstubes and bucket sfiops are vanishing. Only the solid institutions like the “big five” are holding out. Cafes are coming back by hundreds. Sven the little music room is return ing. Vienna will be itself again one of these days. Cuba has placed a new tax of £ a head on all Cubans and on foreisi ers of two years' residence who leav> g the country. The law became sffec. thye-in Pebruary. e [ 3 §