Evening Star Newspaper, February 24, 1926, Page 4

4 CHANGE IN SCHooL COURSES RAPPED Dr. Breed Says Reform at Present Has Trend To- ward Socialism. A critical discussion of new meth- ©ds of making courses of study in the public schools was given teday by Frederick 8. Breed, assistant pro- fessor of education, University of Chi- cago, in opening the meeting of the National Society of Coliege Teachers of Education at Corcoran Hall, George ‘Washington University. “We are living in a period of stim- ulating curriculum reform,” said the speaker. “During the past quarter of a century the curriculum has been guided largely by the behavior of chil- dren. Now it i8 to be based on the behavior of adults.” He cited results of sclentific studies to show that the course of study patterned on the daily lives of adults is inadequate. It pro- vides the child with material beyond his intellectual level and deprives him of much material at his intellectual level. In other words, the result is & harmful degree of social domination and denial. Movement Held Socialistic. “This movement is In truth a resur- of the disciplinary doctrine s socialistie in its trend. Not soclal domination and denial of the individual, but respect for the things and activitles that touch his deepest tuterests at every level of develop- ment, with guidance in the light of soctaily determined ends—this is the meaning of democracy in making the school course for our boys and girls.” E. D. Grizzell of the University of Pennsylvania warned the educators “to discover the institutions and agen- cles other than schools that provide educational service or that are capa- ble of providing educational service and determine what contributions euch institutions and agencies can make to the school curriculum.” Mr. Grizzell declared: “Important limitation in using community re- sources as curriculum materials must recognized. Some of these are the size and character of the community, lack of co-operation on the part of existing agencles, lack of knowledge of community resources on the part of the teacher, traditional attitude of school authorities as to what consti- tutes the curriculum, mistaking prop- aganda for truth, resulting in viclous edvertising in the schools by unscru pulous or misgulded agencies; inefl- ciency of representatives of institu- tions in presenting educational pro- grams, and lack of a sound curricu- lum policy in the schools.” Says Change Is Needed. Agnes L. Rogers, Bryn Mawr Col- lege, declared that the four-vear col- Jege “is not meeting the need of & large number of students and that either a two-vear junior college or a changed curriculum in the four-year college seems necessary G. M. Ruch, University of Iowa, said that “a large error in eighth-grade examinations lies in the fact that they ere very unequal and in difficulty from year to year.” “All phases of the educational proc- ess must be evaluated and refined through experimentation and through the application of scientific method, gald Dr. Clifford Woody, professor of education and director of the bureau of educational reference and research at the University of Michigan. Other speakers were Carter Alexander, Co- Jumbia University; L. A. Perchstein, University of Cincinnati, and George D. Strayer, Teachers’ College, Colum- bla University. ——— THREE GRADES GET POOREST TEACHERS, EXPERT DECLARES (Continued from First Page) fore the department of superintend- ence today sald: “Money Is cheaper than character, and it is easier to build a fortune than a life. “There {8 under way in this coun- try a movement for economy that should be welcomed by ~every thoughtful person who is “sincerely interested in the country's welfare. The chief cause of this need of econ- omy is not the lack of wealth in the Nation. The cause is rather to be found in the importance of recog- nizing that the elimination of waste and inefficiency from every type of service is essential to the moral health of the Natlon. Chlef Fleld of Waste. “The chief fleld of waste and in- efficiency in the public school systems of the country is to be found In the grades that lic beyond the six grades of the elementary school. This is the inevitable result of the unprece- dented numbers of children that have literally swarmed into these grades during the past quarter of a century. Neither the college above nor the elementary school below has known anything like the task that the sec- ondacy school has faced in attempt- ing to make sanely and effectively the readjustments that it has been called upon to make. During the 30- year period ending in 1920, the high &chouis of this country had increased 14.4 as rapidly as had the general population. This is in sharp contrast to the 6.3 for the colleges and uni- versiues, where, next to the high schools, growth has been most marked. That waste and inefficiency have manifested themselves under these conditions is not surprising. “The ever-present ciiicism that all too many pupils are attending our high schools 18 increasing rather than diminishing. No one, however, has ever proposed, much less championzd, a means of cutting down these num- bers. No one has as vel seemed elther able or willing to determine for another just what sons and daughters should go to high_schonl and what ones should not. We are not to expect a diminishing demand on the part-of parents and on the part of life outside that boys and girls shall have a high school educa- tion. The time is passed when the American public high school deals with the selected few. Misfits in High School. “There Is today in American educa- tion great waste to the community and great injustice to the individual which can be traced to the misdirected efforts of those who without the spe- cial abilities and interests required are crowding the high schools and the colleges with a view to entering pro- fessional Jife. We all recognize this as & conditio: that needs correction, how- ever mua: we may differ as to the best means of correcting it. Until it 13 corrected we shall legitimately sub- ject ourselves to the charge that all 100 many are being supported in high school at public expense. Again, until it 18 corrected we shall continue to set before teachers in the high school the wellnigh impossible task of best developing the type of leadership that 13 possible with those who can, to the advantage of all concerned, profit by these college preparatory courses. And, finally, but by no means of least concern, until this condition is cor- rected we shall go on failing, through the public sghools, to meet our full re- A Ballilily leadership EDUCATORS DEFEND BILLS AT HEARING Senate and House Committee Hears Merits of Separate Department. Several hundred persons, including many of the delegates to the National Educational Association convention, crowded the conference room of the | Senate office building today when a joint committee of the Senate and House held a hearing on pending bills to create a department of education in the Federal Government with a cabinet officer at its head. During the morning session Dr. George D. Strayer of Columbia Uni- versity, Dr. Charles H. Judd of the University of Chicago and Dr. A. P. Capen of the University of Buffalo testified in support of the proposal. Relates Bill's Advantages. Dr. Strayer told the members of Congress that, except for a small mi- nority, those famillar with educa- tional problems today are supporting the proposed legislation. In addition to creating an {independent depart- ment with a secretary in charge, Dr. Strayer testified the bill would do the follawine things: Transfer the existing Bureau of Fducation and the Federal Board of Vocational Education to the new de- partment; co-ordinate in one place the educational activities of all depart- ments of the Government through the medium of an unofficial conference on education and empower the new de- partment to collect statistics and con- duot researches of educational meth- ods and problems to be made avail- able to all of the States. For this last mentioned purpose, the bill au- thorizes an apprdpriation of $1,600,000. Senator Copeland of New York and Senator Bingham of Connecticut ques- tioned the several witnesses at length as to the advantages they expected to gain by having a department of educa- tion instead of the present Bureau of Education in the Department of the Interfor. Others also questioned the witnesses as to whether they favored Federal aid for education. Dr. Strayer sald he favored Federal aid in prin- ciple, but declared it is not contem- plated by the pending legislation. Other witnesses said they did not favor Federal aid. Asks About Health. Senator Copeland asked Dr. Strayer why there should not be a depart- ment of health in the Federal Gov- ernment, adding his belief that there ie a sentiment in the country against increasing the number of depart- ments. Dr. Strayer replied that he would have to leave to the physician the question of whether there should be a department of health. After he had questioned two or three of the witnesses, Senator Cope- land indicated his belief that the ex- isting Bureau of Education could ac- complish the aims sought by the sup- porters of the bill, provided the bu- reau was glven more adequate appro- priations with which to carry.on in- vestigations and research. Dr. Judd declared that this country should not set up national control of education, but he said there is a dem- ocratic substitue for national control by furnishing information as to the best methods of education to all of the States and that the function of as- sembling such information is a na- tional one. Senator Bingham asked the witness if there might not be a disadvantage | in having a secretary of education in the cabinet who would be subject to change with each administration. Dr. Judd sald he had no anxiety on that point, expressing the belief that there would be a permanency in the staff of the bureau. Senator Phipps of Colorado, chair- man of the Sendte committee on edu- cation and labor, asked Dr. Judd to compare the United States with other nations in educational progress. Best and Worst Schools. Dr. Judd recalled that a foreign visitor once sald of America that it has the best schools and the worst schools. Explaining this, the witness said what was meant was that there is such a varlety of methods of educa- tion In America as to include the best and the worst and that from a study of these facilities it would be possible to make great advances. Dr. Capen emphasized in his testi- mony that the educators in America have been compelled to appeal to private foundations for the necessary funds to carry on investigations into outstanding educational problems. There are a number of other wit- nesses to be heard during the day. Witnesses told the committee this morning that If the creation of a de- partment of education {8 not favored, Congress should at least expand the tacilities of the existing Bureau of Education. among voeations other than the pro- fessions. “Ability for an interest in the more abstract studies of the high school should be encouraged and developed whenever and wherever found. But the same obligation rests upon the school to encourage and develop these other diversified abilitles that the largely increased numbers have brought into these upper grades. We cannot exact from each according to his needs. Other Speakers Today. Other speakers before the depart- ment today were Ben G. Graham, assoclate superintendent of schools, Pittsburgh, Pa., on “Supervision of Classroom Teaching in the Junior High Schools”; Calvin O. Davis, pro- fessor of secondary education, Uni- versity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., on “Provision for Individual Differences Among Pupils in _the ‘unfor High School,” and Edward D. Robérts, assistant superintendent of schools, Cincinnati, Ohio, on “Trends in Junior High School Curricutum Development.” There will be no session of the de- partment of superintendence this afternoon, as this time has beer® re- served for meetings of allled organi- zatlons and for sightseeing. A special feature is planned for 4:30 o'clock at the Auditorium, when puplls from Detroit will stage a pro- gram of old-fashioned dances. SCHOOL PRINCIPAL DUE FOR ADVANGE Speakers at N. E. A. Confer- ence Predict Elevation to “Recognized Profession.” Prediction that within a few years the position of school principal will be a recognized profession for which per- sons will undergo speclal training was made by James F. Hosie, Columbia University, and Frank Wright, State department of education, Massachu- setts, in addresses this afternoon be- fore the departthent of elementary school principals, National Education Assoclation, in the Washington Audi- torium. Mr. Hosle sald: *“Tradition rather than educational statesmanship has made the office of principal of an ele- mentary school what it is today. The five years just past, however, have witnessed the beginnings of a Nation- wide movement plainly destined to re- sult in making the principalship truly a profession. The principal of the fu- ture will be trained for his special task. Basic Conditions Cited. “In organizing that training certain basic considerations must be taken into account. Principals must be trained not merely to conduct the ele- mentary school as we have known it, but to manage the newer type of ele- mentary school now coming into being. The new school is larger. It provides a varied program for chil- dren of varying aptitudes. It utilizes services, such as feeding, psychologi- cal examining, counseling and library service, rare or non-existent in the traditional school. It is a self-sufficient unit in the sense that no part of its program—music, drawing, practical arts, health or other—is in charge of outsiders. Yet it enjoys expert advice trom all possible outside sources.” Classed as Career. “The time has come when the ele- mentary school principalship should be looked upon as a career, with def- inite preparation and experience pre- requisite to its being entered upon,” said Mr. Wright. Mr. Wright con- tinued, “The best leadership of the principal is found in real leadership for his pupils. In character, scholar- ship, and personality, worthy of emu- lation, he will find his greatest reward in exemplifying to his pupils all that is best in life and in guiding the thought and action of the hundreds of youth who rightly look to him for guidance. SAYS MANY TEACHERS LACK PREPARATION Fifty Per Cent Without Special Training, Is View of College President. The declaration that “50 per cent of our teachers have had no special prep- aration for their work™ was made be- fore the National Council of Educa- tion, meeting in the Hotel Powhatan this afternoon, by Charles McKenny, president of the State Teachers' Col- lege, Ypsilanti, Mich. “A comparatively small fraction of the whole,” he added, “have had prep- aration which may be called adequate for the rssponsibility which they as- sume. Because of the low standards required for entering the profession and because of economic situations a very large per cent of the teachers of America go into the schools untrained for their job. The problem then is how to help these teachers to improve themselves while they are actually in service. “The two opportunities for academic and professional improvement while in service are Summer schools and ex- tension study. A study of Summer schools was reported to this council two years ago by the committee on teachers’ colleges, and today we are submitting through this committee a report on extension courses. An inquiry sent to 193 teacher- training institutions listed as colleges or normal schools by the Bureau pf Education ylelded replies from 125. The reports received were from 42 States. The States that did not report were Wyoming, Delaware, Florida, Montana, Nevada, Utah. Of the 125 institutions reporting, 84 offered some form of extension work; and of the 84, 68, representing 40 States, offered work for credit. Extension work for credit is of two types, extension classes, the nature of which we are all familiar with, and correspondence study. Twenty-five offered extension work only and 10 offered correspondence study only. In addition to the credit extension work, many institutions of- fer extension lectures and consulta- tive service. For this work no credit is given.” Vivian Allen Charles Henmon, Uni- versity of Wisconsin, reported that educational extension during the past 20 years has become a major univer- sity enterprise. Mrs. Chattle C. Westintus has been publisher and editor of the Nebraska Headlight for the past 35 years. Wilbur Asks N. E. A. to Aid Campaign For Fund to Recondition Old Ship The purpose of asking the school children of America to contribute to the reconditioning of “Old Ironsides™ was told -educators attending the de- partment of superintendence conven- tion by Sécretary of the Navy Wilbur yesterday afternoon. “This campaign,” Secretary Wilbur explained, ‘“authorized by Congress and by the President of the United States, has for its purpose the recon- ditioning of the historic ship Con- stitution, a ship whose history is al- most a parallel of that of the United States. “We are asking the children—who are not compelled by taxation—to make a_contribution of 4 or 5 cents each. It would be easy for the Gov- ernment to provide the funds by put- ting tax of 1 cent on each package of chewing gum, and thus compel the children to recondition the ship, but we are asking you to assist us in pre- senting this important matter in such fashion that the slight sacrifice in- volved will be readily accepted and will thus add to the interest of the children in ‘this ship and its history. “May I ask you to assist the Navy in bringing to the attention of the school children what I have placed be- fore you regarding this historic ship. I ask you to co-operate with us in this voluntary taxation of the school chil- dren of America in order that they may have an interest in 'Old Iron- sides’ and her story, and through her in the history of our country.” D. O, WEDNESDAY, r, candidates for president, left to right: Houston, m'!‘ E. E. Oheflmll‘w of Randall J. of er, candidates for a place on Edwin C. Broome of Phil- les B. Glenn of Birming- Cincinnati, Ohio. the executive committee, left to right: Low: E. E. Lewis of Detroit, Mich., and W. A. Sutton of Atlanta, Ga. - TOMORROW’S N. E. A. PROGRAM 7:30 a.m.—Committee on Education Progress and Committee on Salarfes of the Department of Elementary Schoo! Principals, Washington Hotel. New York Breakfast, New Willard Hotel. —Department of Buperintendence, General Session, ington Auditorfum. "Wub- a.m.—Department of Deans of Women, Wardman Park Hotel. p.m.—Department of Classroom Teachers, Luncheon, Geld Room, Hotel La Fayette. —~—Kiwanis Club Luncheon, Washington Hotel. ~Department of Deans of Women, Luncheon, Corcoran Hall, Georgo Washington University. —Kappa Delta Pi Blenntal Convocation, New Willard Hotel. —Department of Rural Education, Sectfon I, County Super- intendents’ Bullding. Division, Audlitorium, American Red Cross :15 p.m.—Presentation of Portraits of Commissioners of Education, Auditorium, Department of the Interior. :30 p.m.—Department of Deans of Women, Commerce Hall, Washington University. —Kappa Delta Pi Dinner, New Willard Hotel. —Department of Superintendence, General Session, Wash 6:30 p.m. 7:45 p.m. ington Auditorium. WOMEN George MUST SURPASS MEN FOR RECOGNITION, SAYS TEACHER Better to Be Forced to Higher Standards Than to Be Measured by Lower Ones, Declares Dean of Florida College. Women In the present age have to excel men in ability, knowledge anhd technical skill to get equal recogni- tion, promotion and salary, Miss Mina Kerr, dean of the Florida State Col lege for Women, Tallahassee, dec this afternoon in an address before the National Council of Primary Edu cation at the Mayflower Hotel. “It is better for us,” she sald, “to be forced to higher standards rather than he measured by lower standards than those applied to men. We must be content with nothing less than the highest scholarship and skill. Girls must be taught to build health, sc that it will give them strength and en durance to meet the demands of strenuous professional life. They need outdoor life, travel, recreation, to give them polse and steadiness. “Is experience a liability instead of an asset to professional women? Why are so many women out of the game in professional life at the very age when men are at the height of their power and usefulness? Why do 80 many presidents, superintendents and heads of schools in seeking teachers specify that women candidates must be under 40 or even 357 How can EDUCATION MUST REST ON FACTS, SAYS EXPERT Declares Future Programs Must Have More Solid Ground- work Than Theories. Emphasizing that the future educa- tional programs of the public schools must be based upon facts and not upon theories, H. L. Briggs, director of vocational education and practical arts, Cleveland, Ohlo, declared before the department of vocational educa- tion at the American Red Cross Bulld- ing this afternoon: “We shall no long- er be able to end our obligations to the boys and girls with a diploma and a ‘God bless you.’ Mr. Briggs sal n the Cleveland schools we are training practically every bullding trades apprentice in the community four hours per week during working time. The contractors are so well satisfled with the results that they are paying the boy his full salary for his entire period of school attendance, an annual cost of over $150,000. This means that in four hours time we must of neressity really increase the industrial efficlency of the pupil under our instructon. The meeting also was addressed by J. C. Wright, director Federal Board for Vocational Education, this city, and H. B. Wilson, superintendent of schools, ' Berkeley, Calif. G. A. Mc- Garvey, agent Federal Board for Vo- cational Education, presided. — N. E. A. SUPPORT ASKED. Arlington Citizens Propose Politi- cal Science Academy. Support by the National Educational Assoclation convention here of a plan for the establishment in or near Washington of a great national or international {institution specializing in the sclence of government in all its phases and effects upon human progress and development, where the youth of this and other lands may dedicate their time and talents to the cause of universal peace, is asked in a resolution adopted last night by the Arlington _Citizens’ Association of Ar- lington County, Va. The resolution was offered by J. Cloyd Bvars, chair- man of the Virginia Regional Devel- opment Commission. It goes to the educators today. The resolution suggests to the Na- tional Education Association the ad- vimability of memorializing the pres- ent Congress in behalf of the Interna- tional Academy of Political Science. or some other such institution em- bodying the idealism of Washington and dedicated on behalf of the Ameri- can people to the cause of world peace. more women obtain a longer period of professional and economic oppor- tunity? “So many young women plan temporarily for work over 1 to § years instead of 40 to 50 years, as men do. We must teach giris in high school and college to take the long look in preparation for profeasional life inasmuch as their economic re sponsibility may be increased rather than decreased by marriage. “‘Women must also learn concentra tion and not let themselves in teach- ing be made responsible for so much outside work, student activities, soclal matters, community interests, &o that their energies are too widely dis persed. Again, women need to learn to begin to invest a percentage of their earnings regularly and early, & that they may be able to have a house and home and some assurance of eco nomic safety behind their professional life. Often women do not assume re sponsibilities or make connections a: citizens of the community in which they hold position. They need to reg ister and cast their vote, join o church, attach themselves to clubs and organizations in the places where they earn their living." Kubinyi Presents Painting to Officer Who Held Pictures Victor de Kubinyi, to show his appreciation of the care taken by United States Marshal Edgar C. Snyder of his palntings depicting the human emotions, which were selzed by his former attorney, C. Larimore Keeley, for a judgment of $1,000 and later released, today presented Mr. Snyder with a large picture which the artist calls “Re- lease." Like all the other emotional crea- tions of Kubinyi the painting is carried out {n many bright colors. “Release” {s symbolized by an ethereal flame-like color arrange- ment in white, bordered in gold and orange, terminating at the apex in a glowing sun. It is sald to symbolize the mind, the heart and the soul. The flame, having its source at the bottom is held in by a claw and fang-like dark hand trying to strangle and extinguish the up-shooting tongue. Kubinyi says he will also make a second picture, “Contentment,"” for Mr. Snyder, and a smaller one for Chiet Deputy Stephen B. Cal- lahan and present them later. S Sy JUNIOR RED CROSS WORK. Educational Exhibition Connecrtion With N. E. A. Department. An exhibit of the educational work of the Junlor Red Cross is now on display at the American Red Cross headquarters building, Seventeenth and D streets, in connection with the annual convention of the department of superintendence of the National Education Association. Illustrating principally the ideas ex- changed in the correspondence con- ducted between the echool boys and girls of America and of other coun- tries through the Junior Red Cross, the exhibit includes letters, portfolios and samples of work done in the art, manual training and other depart- ments of schools in France, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Italy, the Philippine Islands and many other countries. The exhibits are of interest to the general public as' well as to delegates to the educational conference. o Named Captain in 0. R. C. Virgil O. Barnard, 1206 D street, this city, War Department a captain in the Field Artiliery, Officers’ Reserve Corps the Army, has been commissioned by the | | FEBRUARY 24, 1926. NEED OF NEW HOME FOR NURSES URGED Charities Leaders Make Plea for Bill in Interest of Co- lumbia Hospital. Reports from George S. Wilson, secretary of the Board of Charitles; Dr. George M. Kober, chalrman of the committee on medical charities, and from the fire marshal of the Dis- trict regarding imperative needs for a new nurses’ home for Columbia Hospital, for which there is a bill pending before the House District committes, were transmitted to Chairman Zihlman of the committee today by Dr. Abram Simon, presi- dent of the board of directors of Co- lumbia Hospital for Women. The report of Mr. Wilson and Dr. Kober emphasizes that “an Inspec- tion of the sleeping quarters for the nurses simply emphasizes, what has long been known, that these quar- ters are woefully inadequate. The nurses’ home Is in an old brick build- ing of three stories, now entirely in- adequate for the number of nurses at the hospital. Equipment Inadequate. plumbing and tollet arrange- are antiquated and {nade- The second and third floors of the building are used for sleeping rooms and the tollet facilities on these floors are inadequate. On the first floor four nurses are sleeping because of the crowded conditions, and on this floor there are no toilet factlities whatever. “There are at the hospital usually about 60 nurses, and of this number the nurses hom aeccommodates only 20. The others sleep in an old wooden building, known as the ‘cottage,’ formerly occupied by patlents. Some modern plumbing has been introduced in this old bullding during the past vear and in this respect it is now much superior to the nurses’ home proper. The hospital is very badly in need of a home for {ts nurses. Whether the present brick structure known as the nurses home can be preserved and enlarged to advantage is @ matter for the architect to work out. Construction and repalr work at the hospital are by law under the direction of the architect of the Cap- tol. ‘The ments quate. Delay Is Foreseen. “The hospital has recently made suggestions to the architect for & nurses’ home building and requested him to prepare plans for such a build- ing. Probably nothing can be done in this direction until at least another Congress convenes. In the meantime, the architect of the Capitol says he will do everything he can to improve conditions at the home with the funds at his disposal for maintenance and repair. “In the report made by the fire marshal it is emphasized that “in the event of fire in the one-story frame building used for a dormitory, the flames could spread very rapidly and menace the main hospital building, the main dormitory and the United States Weather Bureau, all of which are in close proximity, in addition to placing in grave danger the lives of the nurses who occupy the building. Not only from a fire standpoint, but from a sanitary point of view, this bullding should be replaced with a new fireproof bullding. BOOK DESCRIBES SCHOOLS OF D.C. AND THREE STATES 100,000 Copies Will Be Distributed at National Session in Philadelphia. One hundred thousand coples of a 100-page book, describing schools in the District of Columbia, Pennsyl- vania, Maryland and New Jersey, pub- lished under the auspices of the Edu- cational Advancement Assoclation of the National Education Association, will be distributed free to delegates to the annual meeting of the national body in Philadelphia, June 27 to July 2, it was announced today. Copies of the book also will be given visitors to the sesquicentennial celebration. In addition to the histories and de- scriptions of the schools, the book will contain articles by Dr. Marion Park, Bryn Mawr; Dr. R. M. Gummere, Uni- versity of Pennsylvania; Dean William Pepper, University of Pennsylvania, and Dr. Thaddeus Rich. Prof. Charles Fisher of Temple University is editor, and his associates are: Dr. G. W. Mc- Clelland, Dr. F. Palmer, jr.; Dr. W. C. Ryan, Dr. Bebee, Dr. Francis D'Eliscu, Dr.G.G. Haslan, Dr. J. W. Long, Dr. . L. Sprague, Dr. Louls Moffett and Maj. C M. Lorence. TWO AUTOISTS ACCUSED. Men Taken Near D. C. Line Had Smoke Screen, Police Say. Wilbur Thomas and John Brown, both colored, were held on bonds of $1,000 each to awalt action of the grand jury for having a smoke screen apparatus in their automobile when arrested last night by Sergt. W. H. Adams and George E. Thornton of the l\(;ll'lh precinct. oth men pleaded not guilty before Judge Gus A. Schuldt lnxPollge Court today, and Brown demanded a jury trial on the charge of not having his tall lamp lighted. Bond of $100 was asked and the hearing in Traffic Court was set for March 3. According to the police, the two de- fendants were stopped near the Dis- trict line for fallure to display a rear light, and after being questioned a smoke screen apparatus was discov- ered in the machine, although not set up for use. Street Railway Hearings. Hearings on_ street railway legisla- | don are to be resumed tomorrow morning at 10:30 o'clock before the subcommittee on public utilities of the House District committee, of which l:‘o resentatt=e , Republican, SCHOOLS DECLARED ORATORY CONTEST REAL COMMUNITYADVANTAGES URGED Success Impossible Unless Students Co-operate, Speaker Says. The high school without a feeling of triendliness and responsibility and a co-operative attitude on the part of the student body might as well close its doors in so far as progress In citi- zenship teaching is concerned, the Na- tional Association of SBecondary School Principals was told this afternoon by G. M. Murdock, principal, Southwest- ern High School, Detroit, at & meeting in Central High School. “The hest way for us, as teachers, to help in making good citizens,” ex- plained Mr. Murdock, “is to see that our students in school get some real practice in citizenship. A’ Real Community. “The school must be considered a real community. The students are the citizens working together under our guldance and encouragement for the general welfare. From such par- tictpation in school activities develop qualities of leadership, initiative and dependability. Above all, a feeling of loyalty to the cause is aroused. May we not, therefore, enumerate as by- products of high school education re- sulting from democratic administra- tlon such qualities as these: Leader- ship, dependubility, earnestness, re. sponsibility, initiative, enthusiasm and loyalty? “The modern high school is becom ing more and more democratic in_its organization and administration. The student body is encouraged to con- tribute its quota toward the success of the Institution through participa- tion. The school is a co-operative en- terprise in which every student is urged to become a stockholder. There are service committees, a student counell, and clubs of various kinds, al of which contribute their share toward the unity and success of the whole. Out of a plan such as this develops on the part of each student, more or less, a feeling of inner worth and a sense of indlvidual responsibility. A wholesome atmosphere and good school spirit characterize this kind of organization.” Inferiority Complexes. Armand R. Miller, principal of Mc- Kinley High School, St. Louls, Mo., declared “incalculable harm may be done by giving children paralyzing ‘nferfority complexes.’ Teachers and administrators should be very careful and tactful. Publicity in regard to classification, leading tp talk of ‘mutt lasses,’ ‘dumbbells,” ‘low I Q.8 ‘morons,’ etc., cannot be too strongly condemned.”* B. H. Bode of Ohio State University sald education has changed greatly in recent times, both in quantity or ex- tent and_in quallty. W. W. Charters, University of Chicago, and W. C. Glese, Racine, Wis., also spoke. WORK HOLDS MORALS AND BUSINESS ALLIED Declares Public Service Highest Calling {n Address Before Rotarian Educators. “Good morals and good business. we have at last learned, are necessary to each other, and, incidentally, even the professions have been compelled to develop a business sense,” Secretary of the Interfor Hubert Work told Rotarian educators at the New Wil lard this afternoon. “It is a pleasure, Secretary Work continued meet so many men who have devoted their lives to public serv ice. Public service is the highest calling, and fortunately offers many avenues for expression. The greatest rewards to those so engaged come tc the most self-forgetting.” During the course of his speech on “Public Service" before the Rotarfan: Dr. Work paid the following tribute to woman: “Woman was designed by Provi dence for the preservation, not the perversion, of mankind. Our clviliza tion hangs on her chastity of mind and body. The fall of the Romar Empire was contributed to by its women. History is again repeating it self. She that was about to be stoned was protected from the mob, but she was advised to deport herself. Nc asylum was promised her among he: kind, but she was told to ‘go and sin no more." “Yet it was a woman who opened our eyes for a first look on the world. Our first prayer was said to a woman. Our first day in school marked a mother’s surrender. A woman guided us through the metamorphosis of boy, when no one but his mother could love him. Our first ambitions were visioned through a halo about the face of a young woman. And when called out into the night to start on our last journey, somewhere, alone. we will not be afraid {f 1 woman ma hold our hand.” e FOUR MARINES HELD. Are Charged With Transporting and Possession of Liquor. Four Quantico marines, charged with transporting and illegal posses- sion of 12 gallons of alcohol, gin, whisky and beer, were held to await orders from the military authorities at Quantico, following a preliminary hearing in Police Court today before Judge Gus A. Schuldt. ‘The men who identifled themselves as Albert H. Douglas. Louis Ertz, Thomas Dyer and John J. Payson were arrested on the Baltimere boule- vard near Bladensburg early this morning by Policeman Watson Sal- keld, of the twelfth precinct, when he stopped them for speeding. Douglas, driver of the automobile, wus con- victed in Trafic Court by Judge George H. MacDonald, and released upon_ his personal bonds. | Before Judge Schuldt, Payson took ! the blame for the three companions, | saying that he had bought the liquor | in Baltimore for future parties at Quantico. He stated that his com- panions had nothing to do with the - | transportation, and he had paid the | $40 asked In Baltimore. ———e ACCEPTS CALL HERE. Rev. Dr. J. H. Hollister Coming to Chevy Chase Church. 1 Rev. Dr. Joseph Hillman Hollister, who has been pastor of the FEirs Presbyterian Church at Mount Ver- non, N. Y., for nearly 15 years, has accepted a call to the pastorate of the Chevy Chase Presbyterian Church, Chevy Chase circle. Dr. Hollister is expected to assume his duties here about April 1. The local church has been without the services of a regular pastor for some time. Rev. Dr. Douglas } nam Birnie left the pastorate some ime ago for an extended trip in Europe. Dr. Hollister was here recently and | preached at the local church. McKinley High Principal Tells of Special Inducements for Participants. A notable contribution to high school education and a wonderful op- portunity for & high school boy or girl to win national and International recognition, In addition to a prize of $300 and a three-month tour of Eu rope with all expenses paid, was the tribute given to the 1926 National and International Oratorical Contest by Prof. Frank C. Daniel this morning in presenting the cause of the contes to the pupils of the McKinley | School. In addressing the 1,300 pupils =t their weekly assembly meeting, Prof Daniel cited the benefits to be derived from the contest, regarded either as background for the development of one's historical knowledge or from the immediate standpoint of pecuniary galn. He considered the inducements of the contest this year, he said, so attractive as to constitute an appeal which no ambitious boy or girl could afford to neglect. He hoped to find & splendid response In the school and he requested all who were interested 10 report to Mrs. Eda B. Frost, chatr men of the - charge of the study of Frank asse a feature of the contest th: ¥ ): Randolph Lelgh, national director of the contest, who declared that the added subject of Franklin and the Constitution should be of peculiar % terest to technical students. He pro- nounced Frankiin the finest embodi- ment of allround character, citing his notable career as inventor, toch- nical expert, publisher, philosopher and statesman. “Frankiin always saw to it that his object was a large and worthy one,” the speaker as- serted. Contestants this year were urged to devote themselves more than hitherto to the biographical side of the contest, instead of centering thetr speeches solely on the Constitution. The marvelous personal appeal af. forded by the various powerful and commanding figures who participated in its inception and development was stressed as providing subjects of pe- culiar interest and value. Inducement of Tour. The Summer European tour was sketched and the special ad/antages of making the trip as a recognized group enjoying unusual courtesies and privileges while abroad were em 1zed to t already inducement in the way of cash prizes, all of which are open te win ners in The Star's territory this year. A most er e feature of he school assemt as the concert given by the school orchestra. The committee in c contest in this school con Eda B. Frost, chairm: adding of the gott and Edward Lockwood RELIEF IN NEAR EAST TOPIC AT BREAKFAST Senator King, Allen W. Dulles. Greek Minister and John R. Voris Are Speakers. t conference in the i East F held today at Pow with Dr. Otis W Lincoln School, New Yor man. Senator King Charalambos Minister, were Vorts told of e Nenr East Rel School co-operation with Near East Relief was explained by Randall J Condon, candidate for president of the department of superintendence: Wi llam M. Davidson and Augustus O Thomas. Charles V. Vickery spoke on_“The Golden Rul Dr. Frank W. Ball ent of schools here, L. W. Glazebrook East committee, iting educators. ch scores of the ASKS BUS LINE EXTENSION W. R. & E. Plans to Increase R. I. Avenue Service. The Washington ay and Eles for extension of the Rhode I nue cross-town bus line to 1 and Monroe streets. The b goes east only to Fourth street north eust The petition at the reques: land for increas tacilities. 23,787 ARMY STUDENTS. 4,000 Increase in Year in Corre spondence Courses. was explained, come. sidents of Br d transport Students enrolled in - Army cor respondence courses, including Re- serve and National Guard officers, number 23,787, or the equivalent of the combined enroliments of resident students at Yale, Harvard, Princeton and Pennsylvania universities. The War Department made public the figures today, showing an increase of more than 4.000 since last ve: The largest enrollment was in the §th Corps Area, Wisconsin being the leading State in that area with 3.70 erage in_the mi 6% Bonds SECURED BY First Mortgages principal and interest of which are GUARANTEED ®y an outstanding SURETY COMPANY May be purchased it de- sired on Morris Plan of deferred payment and §% paid on installments THE MORRIS PLAN BANK Treasury Usder Supervision of U. 1408 H Street N. W,