Evening Star Newspaper, October 6, 1925, Page 6

6 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C . .October 6, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office L8 L AR Chicago Office: _Tows. Purovean Office: _ 14 Re: Ensland Ave. na st Buldine ¢ St.. London. The Evenine Sta tax edition 13 Ael the it at 60 cen ) 5_cents ber manth: Sundav eniv. 0 cents 7S /EONth . Orders may he went by mail or {glephone Main %00, Collection is mede by carrier at the end of each month. with. the Snndas mern- ered e arriere. it s Gy only. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and vr. SE40: 1 mo. DAY oy Sunday. -3 T 28001 1 mo Sunday only 13r82.80: 1mo.. All Other States. Dally and Sune: Tyr.$10.00: 1 mo.. Daily onfy> Y- -] T 34200: 1 ma 1 $3.00: L mo.. 70e A0c 20¢ ane 25¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Pre. itted to the ok » aln: e oy 1y e R e s nd" 0 The Toent b iehed Retaih ATl rishts of pubticatior 1 dlsnatches herei q Tolerance. President Coolidge could have chosen no more fitting occasion to urge upon the country religious and racial toler- ance than in his address to the Amer- ican Legion, delivered in Omaha to- day. The Legion is composed of men of all creeds and racial strains. They offered their lives for the safety of the Nation when the United States was swept into the conflict which engulfed the world eight and a half vears ago. In those days of stress the man who wore Uncle Sam's uniform was not selected because of the church to which he belonged or because of his rarentage. One hundred per cent Americanism had a real meaning. The President called attention to the fact that in the period since the war, however, the United States has not heen exempt from suspicion and in- tolerance. Among some of the vary- ing racial, religious and social groups, he said, “there have been manifesta- tions of an intolerance of opinien, a narrowness of outlook, a fixity of judgment against which we may well be warned.” He added that it would be difficult to conceive of anything more unfortunate in a community based upon American ideals than any considerable development of religious intolerance. The Unjted States owes its very be- ginnings, the President said, “to the determination of our hardy ancestors to maintain complete freedom in re- ligion.” In his strictures against ra- cial intolerance the President pleaded for patriotic unity. Pertinently, he said: “Whether one traces his Amer- icanism back three centurles to the Mayflower or three years to the steer- age is not half so important as whether his Americanism of today is rveal and genuine. No matter by what various crafts we came here, we are all now in the same boat.” The President struck a note that has needed to be sounded. Intolerance hased on varying religious beliefs and racial differences has been in evidence from time to time in this country, but in recent vears it has raised its head higher and higher: it has passed in many places from the whispering stage to open denunciation. Torn by =uch divisions—if they are permitted 10 develop—the country cannot stand. Internal disorders might wreck a na- tion conceived and dedicated to fre dom which never could be destroyed by attack without. The newcomers to our shores must learn and assimilate the principles and ideals of America. The American-born must not forget them. The country will acclaim President Coolidge's high tribute to the Amer- lcan Legion, to the men who made victory possible. “Nobody savs now that Americans cannot fight,” was a terse comment that tells a long story of heroism. The country will approve also the President’s declaration that he is a believer in a policy of adequate military preparation, his characteriza- tion of the military art as an “honor- able and patriotic calling of the high- est rank.” But the President made it clear that n his opinion the gain to America out of the greal conflict has been the ce- menting of a spiritual bond and a new devotion to peace. Fair and honorable dealings among nations and mutual agreements for limitation of arma- ments, he insisted, are more likely to result in peace and security than the adherence to competitive arma- ments. In his conclusion he said: ‘“We cannot place our main reliance upon material forces. We must re- affirm and reinforce our ancient faith in truth and justice, in charitableness and tolerance. We must make our su- preme commitment to the everlasting spiritual forces of life. We must mo- biltge the conscience of mankind." To such a campaign the President called the hosts of the American Le- wion. Caillaux will come back to America. But he will never have the opportu- nity to see such a world series con- ! test a= he deliberateiy missed. ————— Tomorrow’s Titanic Encounter. The “zero hour” is close at hand. At 2 o'clock tomorrow afternoon the world champion Washington base ball team will enter for the second time the blue-ribbon event of balldom at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh. The Pirates winner of the National League pen- nant for 1925, a speedy and aggressive sam, are the challengers to Washing- ton’s supremacy, and a battie royal will result. ‘There is probably not a single Washingtonian who does not believe that Bucky Harris will lead his “fight- ing Griffs” over the line a winner of base ball's most coveted honor. Con fidence engendered by the stirring Aght put up throughout the long pen- nant struggle, and a realization that the 1926 team is stronger than the tfeam which won highest honors in 1924, has put every loyal rooter in an optimistic frame of mind. For a time there was despair in the Waghington camp. Bucky Harris, the inspiration of the club, had a finger hadly spiked; Roger Peckinpaugh. the wiarter of the famous Peck-to-Harris- i < to-Judge double-play combination, ieskie, leading pitcher of the Amerlcan | League, wrenched his back sv that his participation in the series became | doubtful. Latest reports from the field of bat- tle, however, bring the cheering news that these men, without whom the tionals stood small chance of de- fending thelr championship success. |ful| . are well again and able 1o give | their best efforts against the Pirates. | Although the siadiums at Pitts- burgh and Washington are not the roomiest in the big leagues. the audi- ence at the forthcoming series will be the largest in history. From Canada to Mexico and from New York to San “rancisco millions will be ““tuning in™ 1 the radio to follow the play-by-play 4account of the games sent out by the Associated Press. So tomorrow when “Barney’ ms one past a dangerous Pitts burgh batter, or “Kiki" Cuyler “‘meets one on the nose” for a trip into the stands fans throughout the United tes will give cheers or groans ae- © sympathies. meri national to usurp the world's { L st ball, is about s 1’s game, stage. “Play ba e The Locarno Conference. Locarno, Switzerland, Is the scene of a conference of representatives of | the European powers which holds the { potentiality of action making for the substantial and enduring peace of the world. This is the latest of a series of efforts to secure a compact for avoid- ing war between the nat “T'hat others have failed of specific results does not lessen the hope that is now felt in Europe. and in the United States as well. that from the present conterence may come a determination of responsibllity. Six separate propositions are to be considered—the Rhine pact, four arbi tration treaties between Germany on the one hand and France. Belglum, Czechoslovakia and Poland on the other, and a treaty establishing the French guarantee of German-Czech and German-Polish arbitration treaties. Upon the Rhine pact, however, de- pends the success of the meeting. 1f that agreement can be effected, and it it is adhered to by the signatory gov- ernments, the menace of Kuropean war will have been reduced almost to nullity. The Rhine pact directly concerns Germany. Belglum and France, with Great Britain as guarantor. Signa- tories to this proposed treaty will re- pudiate the thought of war and agree to respect the status quo of the fron- tiers and the demilitarized zone in the Rhineland. Any signatory who, in breach of arbitration agreements, re- sorts to war by a violation of the frontier or by menacing mobilization in the demilitarized zone, is thereby set in the position of aggressor, and all the others, including Great Brit- ain, agree to combine and resist and punish. This procedure thus proposed is practically that which was followed in 1914, when in violation of treaty Germany attacked France through the boundaries of Belgium, and Great Britaln jolned Belgium and France in resistance. But in 1914 there was no guarantee of British action. Ger- many relied first of all upon Bel- gium's passivity. The resistance of the little kingdom was a surprise. Germany likewise relied upon Eng- land's aloofness from a quarrel not directly her own. The British decla- ration of war was a shock to Berlin. 1t is now proposed to put all four of the powers upon notice of a mu- tual obligation regarding which there can be no doubt. This mutuality of responsibllity, it is believed, will re- strain all three of the continental na- tions. Great Britain is placed in the position of the balance of power 1f there is an agreement at Locarno. it probably will be coupled with some other concessions. Germany is dis- posed to trade. France is not un- illing to trade. The present re- ports from the scene of the confer- ence indicate a spirit of accommo- dation on hoth sides. and of willinz- ness on the part of Great Britain to serve as the virtual arbiter of the continent. Modifications of the treaty | of Versailles may be proposed. to he | effected later in case of the sizning of the Locarno pact. 1t present hopes are fulfilled. the Locarno meeting may establish peace in Europe. The praver of all Americans is that this may be the outcome. e Florida is one of the most attractive regions on the earth. Many people wigh to live there. The speculator may seek to take advantage of the legiti- mate investor, but there can be no doubt of the basic values for genuine homeseekers who will refuse to he stampeded by the “Get-Rich-Quickers. ———— The Government's Housing. When the Government of the United States is served with notice to quit occupancy of a rented building used for departmental purposes because the structure is needed for the private uses of the owner, surely the situation with regard to the housing of the pub- lic service at the Capital hecomes acute. There is no ground for sur- prise. The conditions have been well known for a long time. In this par- ticular case the Government had no lease, occupying the premises as ten ant at will, under an arrangement as 1o rent which, the owner now de- clares, is unprofitable to him. If the United States were to give the rent which it is calculated the building would yield if used for private pur- poses it would find its debit figures on the publicoffice account greatly in- creased. Whether the Department of Justice is evicted—to be jammed into some other departmental building already overcrowded or to find quarters in an- other private structure—or is permit- ted to remain under some new arrange- ment, the case brings to the point of the utmost urgency the need of action by Congress at the next session. For many years this department had been housed Inadequately in privately owned buildings. And for as' many years there has been “talk™ of pro- viding new quarters for it. The Gov- ernment actually bought a site for a X | | i | | | i | THE EVENING STAR., WASHINGTON. D. C., THIS AND THAT ’bulldln‘ for the Department of Jus- prained his ankle, and Stanley Covel- ! tice, together with two other depart. mental housings. prising the five “'squares’ at the wemt- ern end of the Mall-Avenue trmngle, has remained for a decade and a hait in precisely the condition of the time of its condemnation. save for the use of a small parcel for one of the tempo- rvary war-time structur The rents that have been pald out by the Government for privately owned buildings used as bureau and department offices during this period would have erected the structures first planned for the “five-square site.” Instead of three departments. how- ever. it hus Leen decided wisely that only two should be placed within that irea. The Government's actual needs have meanwhile increased by at least fifty per cent. One new structure has been added to the permanent equip- ment, the Department of the Interior, o-caulled temporary buildings were placed upon Potomac Park, to be some day razed, according to the original purpose. They are now congested. They should not continue in service tonger than the time required for their replacement by substantial Gov ment-owned structures on other sites. Session after session public building bills have been drawn, have in some cases passed one house or the other. Yet no action has been taken. The rents paid out have piled up into the millions. The departments and bu- reaus have Leen crowded, the work impeded, the files exposed to loss and deterioration. A private business cor- poration following such a policy would lose its favorable business rating by following h a policy. Here now is a specific illustration of the unbusinesslike course of the Gov- ernment. 1t is paying too much in rents for its housing—any rents at all must be rated as too much—and get- ting too little for its outlay. 1t is sub- ject to eviction whenever the nt pald is deemed by the owner to be an inadequate return on the property. It is living from hand to mouth in re- spect to the most important factor of its equipment for carrying on the great work of the public service. It is not too much to hope that this Department of Justice incident, what- ever may be its outcome as to the housing of that particular branch of the Government, will result in imme- diate action at the next session of Con- gress to end the shameful situation in which the United States finds itself. o Shapurji Saklatvala, the Indian Communist member of the British Parliament, barred from this country declares he is of tha race which pro- duced one of the “three wise men from the East.” It is too bad he did not benefit by the ancestral example. e r——— Any governmental business trans. acted in Italy is arranged for in strict deference to the notations in Mumso- lini's engagement book. A dictator, like any other genius, must be a man “with an infinite capacity for hard work."” v His brief stay just at the time when the U. S. A. is in the throes of its sreatest annual enthusiasm lets it be known that Caillaux is no base ball fan. e ratee Caillaux says he will urn 1o America. This announcement indi- cates that while some disappointments may arise there will be no ill feeling. o Tt is still insisted that the dirigible 1s practical and may be made com- paratively safe. As popularly regard- ed it remains a theory and not a fact. o A cabinet official who never finds a resignation rumor occasionally hovering about his desk runs the risk of becoming comparatively.obscure. America’s preparedness for war is convincingly evidenced by the unhesi- tating and intrepid sacrifices of brave men in time of peace. S en ——o—— The growth of Washington. D. €., is due-to the world interest in the United States Capital. It is no idle real estate boom. oo SHOOTING STARS. RY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Fuel and Transportation. The transportation problem's nothing new, For. be it understood. There was a boyish question as to who Should chop and tote the wood. And while the people who are poor or vich Dispute about control. There is the old contention which Shall carry up the coal. as to Solace. “You have had some sad disappoint- ments in vour career?” “No.” answered Senator Sorghum. 1 have made promises which I could not keep. But the people who wanted appointments have usually proved better off in private business than they would have been in politics. Coming to Earth. The airship is a wondrous thing. It soars heyond our sight. But 1o the ancient doubt we cling; Just how will it alight? Jud Tunkins says he has no social aspirations, owing to his preference for pork and beans over chicken salad. Aloof. “Would you consent to run for the Legislature?” “Nope,” answered Farmer Corntos- sel. “I've 'bout decided T don't know much more 'bout runnin’ a Legisla- ture than the Legislature knows ‘bout runnin’ a farm.” . The Larger Idea. The diplomat with manners gay or grim . Proceeds with methods which we gravely scan. A billion dollars seem no more to him Than two bits seem to ordinary man. “De monkey has de beat of de evolu- tion argument.” said Uncle Eben. ““He ain’t never vit been known to lose his, temper ‘bout it."% | e i Sweet peas are perhaps the hardest {10 grow in the District of Columbia of anv of the old favorite flowers. This is unfortunate, since they are {among the most beautiful of our an nuals. ry garden is the beiter for a vow of them displaying their pastel shades amid their rich green foliage. Yet wo trying are they 1o matur that one sees them in few back yvards. The writer is among the number who have heen tryving for several vears rajse sweet peas with indifferent Each vear. however. w n something new. o that our e. pectations are kept on a stretch. Next year.” we fondly say, "w will have some real sweet peas. When Spring comes, our peas do fine- ly. for a time, but at the first touch of drought turn brown, ‘‘get all with- ered looking,” as we say among our- selves. What s the matter, and what shall we do for next vear? These are the questions I would en- deavor to answer here, for the henefit of the reader whose letter was printed in this column yesterday. in which was asked ‘‘more definite information in regard to your method of growing sweet peas in this climate."” Some time ago I made a generul suggestion that these seed should be planted in the Fall. Autumn planting, T feel convinced now. ls the secret of good sweet peas in this particular section of the coun- try. We have tried various methods of Spring planting with uniform fal- ure. { The only decent sweei peus to he 568N in (Wo vears in a certain neigh- borhood were Fall planted. Perhaps this one success Is not conclusive, but, combined with repeated faflures fro Spring planting, it is sufficient evi dence 1o determine us to try it out ourselves. *xox o So. in this matter of aweet peas. we mav seem as the blind leading the blind: yet. if thought can do the trick, we can tell others how 1o raise them. even if we have not been able to do it ourselves as ver! For we have put an immense amount of thinking lately upon this very question, beinz determined to raise some good eas or “bust in the attempt,” as the saving is. The truth is that Washington. D. (., is not a good sweet pea country. Our Springs are a bit late. and our Sum- mer suns (oo hot for them, ordi- narily Sweet peas demand water, and plen- ty of it, but you cannot give it to them by watering them. This somewha paradoxical situation is explained by the root systems of the sweet pea. These plants root deeply, and must get their water down where they are. I have always thought that if one could put a “layout” of water pipes right down where their roots grow he could raise sweet peas In flourishing condition.. Since most of us. however, will not be able to install such a system of underground frrigation, we must fall back on Fall planting. The later the better, for we do not want them to come up until Spring. Some time around Thanksgiving ix the best time to plant the seed. .Just before the first freeze, which can only be determined by keeping close watch on the weather forecasts. It may be necessary to cover the ground with leaves, or some other mulch, in order 1o prevent it from getting too hard to dig. ‘The seed ought to be planted at least 6 inches deep—perhaps an inch or two deeper would nct hurt—for it must be kept in mind that our “'big idea” is to get those roots down as deep as pos- BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. amount, sible. Unless we do, wither two or three weeks after real hot weather hits them * % Kk ¥ The ground should be pulverized, dug and redug, in readiness for the planting An 'advice of perfection would he to dig the ground st least 2 feet deep—perhaps 18 inches or so will be enough. Since these seed are to be covered up for the Winter, the ordinary meth- od of making & trench, and then rak- ing the dirt in as they grow is not advised for Fall planiing. Put the seed in, about § inches down, and then over ‘the whole up even, putting a mulch of leaves about 2 inches thick on top of the ground. Before we cover the seed, however, we might incorporate with them two materials which e supposed to help. I say supposed because I cannot posi- tively say they will. Theory, however, is all in their favor. One of the materials is nitrogen bac- terla, which may be purchased cheap. the vines will! | heavens one has not to betake him- | has but to step only a little way apart UESDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1925. NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM .G M. AND THE STARS. Abbott. . Van Nos- THE KARTH Charles G. trand Co. The blazing eves of 10.000 =peeding motors; miniature moons, innumerable, marching two by two across the way from each other along the city streets until In the distance they merge to a single firefly glow: myriads of twinkling rainbow lights that from roof and tower flash nightly in a gay and fantastic saraband of utilitarfan call and appeal—these, to the majority of city dwellers are eky, moon and stars. Nevertheless, there is above the city immeasurably uplifted. an actual sky. @ canopy of velvet depth across which fields of stars are gathered, bright pat- terns of ordered design, shining in a radiance of jeweled .splendor. And to realize this panorama of the self to distant. mountaintop nor to remote desert stretches.. Instead, he ly for this special purpose. It may be sprinkled in the ground with the seed. We used it last Spring, and what suc- cess we had at that time with sweet peas we attribute to the lively bac- terla. Until our peas withered, they were large and beautiful, much better than we had ever been able to raise before. The other material we are going to try s a certain variety of peat moss, which, placed about a foot down, is supposed to retain water, as well as provide humus for the soil. The in- corporation of manure in any form cannot be advised for sweet peas. If the water Is not down there at the roots of the plants you cannot put enough on above (o do any good T have soaked them by the hour, and they burn up just the same. Up North. and out in the Middle West, it Is generally advised to plant sweet peas in a trench running north and south. Such a position, theoreti- cally, is the best, but I am not sure it makes much difference here. Some sav that in the District, in order to protect the vines from the hot sun. it is necessary to plant them where they will get the sun only about an hour or two each day. This is worth trving Certainly, if one plants them in the full sun, some such methods as I have suggested must® be followed to put and keep the water at the roots. In any event, such methods will not hurt. If any one has the room, it would be an interesting experiment to try planting them in two places, one posi- tion north and south in full sun, and the other (in any direction), -in" half shade. The best advice I can give, there- fore, is summarized as follows: 1. Plant the seed about 6 inches deep in the Fall just before the first freez Incorporate with them some nitro- gen-fixing bacteria, but only a small robably than the direc- tions call for. 3. Pul peat moss about a foot down say 4 to 6 inches «anderneath the seed. 1. Cover level with ground, and put a slight mulch of leaves over all. If the plants ghould come up too early, increase the muich. 5. When up, nest Spring, do not water often. If the water is not down where the roots are, you cannot put it there! 6. Give vour vines string, not wire, to_climb on 7. Do noi use manure. 8. Keep the blossoms picked 9. Spray for aphids, if necessary. 10. Trust the Gardener of the ‘World, in whose keeping are both the flowers and we who love them. If the Lord keep not our sweet peas, we watch in vaip who raise them. Alimony Denial Would there he fewer divorces, and even fewer marriages. if the courts of the country abolished alimony? This question has been brought into the forum by a decision of Justice Strong of New York that no woman asking divorce is entitled to support unless she is a mother or incapacitated. “Justice Strong's pronouncement,” as viewed the Columbus Ohio State Journal, “is indicative of an in- evitable tendency. Equality for wom- en is not all cakes and ale and alimony. Additional privileges bring additional responsibilities. It is absurd for a woman to think that the law should regard man as an equal when that when that s to her advantage.” To this the New Orleans Tribune adds that “it might prove easier for many women. especially childless ones. to earn a living by their own work than it is for them to wrest unwilling trib- ute from the men to whom they are | no longer wives. 1n the opinion of the Newark Eve- ning News the attitude “of the wom- an who is both free and supported is { not admirable, but is contrary to the spirit of sex equality. A truer woman- liness,” continues the News, “is found in the women who are too independent to let & man they have ceased to love and live with support them. They would rather endure the hardships of supporting themselves and have the freedom and self-respect that go with it.” The Topeka Daily dmm is_con- vinced that ‘“divorce “actions will be fewer if courts generally follow the action of Justice Strong and refuse to allow alimony to childless wives seeking separation or divorce.” The Capital believes “the whole question applies only to ‘certain women.’ as the great majority of married women are mothers and are not in the industries. but devoted to their homes and fami- Ties.” * ok ok ok “Phe truth of the matter ir.”" the Greenville News obseryes, “that many women who seek alitiony were de- pendent upon themselves for support before marriage and are just as able monial disaster as before. However. this is one of many little by-products of divorce which South Carolina does not have ta worry about." Against the position taken by the court. however, is the assertion by the Woreester Evening Gazette that “much ix to he said for the woman who finds her marriage wrecked, childless though she be.” The Gazette continues: “Glib talk about feminism and the modern equality of the sexes does not alter the fact that many women have been brought up on the principle that woman'’s place is in the home, which means that they are vir- tually unequipped to earn a living outside of the home.” Tt is similarly argued by the St. Paul Dispatch that “the wiser doctrine is the existing one that since she has helped her husband directly to accumulate property she should have a share of it under such unhappy conditions, children or no children.” The Manchester Union ob- serves that sometimes wives are phy ically and mentally competent to work. vet may lack the business or profes- sional training.” "The childless wife. if voung and strong. perhaps with an industrial or office experience.” according to the New York World, “may be as well able a3 the husband to earn her liv- ing. It is a different case where a woman has no industrial egperience or training and has been housekeep- ing long enough to make her entry upon wage earning difeylt.” Fven more posjtively does the Brooklyn Daily Eagle declare that “there is a suits her convenience and as & tvrant| to support themselves after the matui- | "Evokes Wide Editorial Comment common belief that the man who has said the solemn words. ‘With all my worldly goods 1 thee endow,’ may fair- ly be compelled to give up part of those worldly goods pending a judtcial determination whether he has or has not been false to his vows or after a judicial determination of that question in the aMirmative.” - ox % Touching on the effect of the ali mony ruling on the number of mar- riages. the Philadelphia Bulletin says: “Lowering the financial inducements. may prove a powerful influence in lessening the number of divorces. Of course, it would be ungallant to hint that it might even reduce the number of marriages. And vet the human eye sometimes considers the main chance.” Results of investigations are brought to bear on the subject by the Dayten Daily News, which quotes statistics to show that “the greater number of divorce actions are brought by those who are childless,” and the News argues for no alimony “except in cases where there are chil dren with whose care the wife is charged.” Feminine support for the judge's declaration is cited by the Knoxville Sentinel with the comment: “Ad. vanced feminists are greeting with loud acclaim the contention that child- less wives are not entitled to ali- mony.” but the Sentinel also recog- nizes that they hold “that upon di- vorce the savings should be split evenly between husband and wife," while “women are fully able to take care of themselves without taking charity from men they no longer love”; to which the Sentinel adds: “Long live the feminine!" The Buffalo Evening News also sug- Bests that “the proponents of no ‘ali- mony' might develop a fairly stronger case.” but the Milwaukee Journal thinks “‘probably the learned Justice's opinion will not be generally accepted for a long time to come.” e e {“Stonewall” Jackson Memorial Is Urged { To the Editor of The Star Having been a lifelong admirer of ithe famous Christian general and statesman. Gen. Thomas .Jonathan i (‘Stonewall”) Jackson, and believing him io be, as indeed a majority of Americans do, one of the outstanding men of our country. T am deeply in- terested in any movement to perpetu- ate his memory through an appropri- ate and suitable memorial. The fact that 1 have not seen in the papers or books any mention of any attempt having been made to start a movement toward the erection of & Stonewall Jackson memorial college prompts me to write to ask if such a memorial has not been considered and, if not, vour idea as to the practicabil- ity of it. T note such memorials have been erected in memory of other fa- mous generals and statesmen, and it occurs to me that no more fitting trib- ute could be paid by the American people to one of its most famous gen- erals than a Stonewall Jackson me- morial college erected in one of the Southern States. W. EARL HOPPER. ——— Missing Information, Frem the Lansing Stite Journal. P ‘Why print the income tax relurns without full information as to how they came by il 3 — e, y A lie naturally travels faster tha the truth, but explanation only spurs # on—Canton Deily News. from the luminous turmoll of the city streets. * ¥k ox Let's get out under the stars. This is the time and here is a way-wise man to keep us company. It is this very month, this month of October, that in our latitude and longitude spreads a beautiful and interesting drama of the heavens with, apparent 1v, direct reference to the convenfence of terrestrial onlookers. For this is, in fact, an early bedtime performance, beginning soon after sunset and clos ing betimes in obedience, no doubt, to some celestial curfew bell Dr. Abbott has the gifi of simple apeech. He has the equal gift of know ing the things that are important hix purpose from the clutter of non essential details in which every suh Ject fs more or less obscured. By Way of such leadership. we, therefore stand under thix October sky faced upon something ltke a famillar and homelike scene in the great drama ataged and ceaselessly going on over head. The aun—father of the family —has only just retired. Close follow ing s Mercury, clearly hound for bed end cleep, aiready dimmed with drowsiness. Higher up in the darken. ing vault is Venus, still fascinated by the spell of her own effulgence not ready vet for the doubtful henefits of obscurity. And over there Is| Jupiter, and yonder Saturn. Not this October, but in a not too distant one, the militant Mars will glow ruddily. an | evening star as these now are. Not ! stars at all. any of them. Planets, rather, Juminous through the lurgess of their leader, the sun, generous to the world by means of borrowed light alone. Outside this immediate family of the heavens, so peculiarly our own family, other stars shine in a sweep. ing gesture of splendor and power. | Overhead is the white star, Vega. To! the northwest the glowing Arcturus| stands and to the southwest the red/ Antares, yonder the paling Altair. Not. even a half-sketeh. this, of one scene even out of the celestial drama that October stages so splendidiy and | which this author sets out here in a | vivid exemplification of the vearly round of the stars in their courses A clear invitation to come out unde the stars, the first movement of {hi study most certainly ix. ko % We sit right down by the roadside in the erisp October night, still watch- ing the opening wonders overhead, while Dr. Abbott tells us a story. He calls it a “bird's-eye view of astro- the twentieth century 1t i, never- theless. in effect, a story about the men who have set the heavens in order for their better understanding by lesser men. Here are stories of Hipparchus and Ptolemy. of Coperni- cug, Galileo, Kepler. Tycho Brahe, Newton and others and others up to the present hour. He tells how each of these men builf upon the work of his predecessors, correcting at this point, going strafght ahead. at that one, inventing strange devices for bringing the heavens clearly within | the range of human sight. creating new sciences, evolving new theories of the universe—an onward march to- ward a mighty objective. An inno- vating and revolutionary movement | than | otherwise set up against the antag. | throughout, this, more often onisms of dogma, against the pro- nouncements of high authority. A deeply interesting point in this recital s that which sets off the earlier in- vestigators from these latter-day ones. Where the older scientist was engaged upon such studiex of the heavenly bodies as pointed to the relativities of place and distance and movement applied generally to the universe and specifically to the earth itself. the new scientist is preoccupied with the substance of the stars—as he is preoccupied with the nature and substance of the universe itself—with their inherencies of power. with their individual reactions and effects. with their universal affinities and influence. * ok xox Many interesting experiences with this leader follow. There is the inti mate projection of the earth itself and “'her neighbor. the moon. a study of, “The Sun's Family Solar System,” and of “Our Star, Sun.” Solar eclipses engage us for an hour. The sun as a source of heat and power and life absorbs us, for a much longer time. The story of the calendan has place here. And some- thing like a fairy tale reveals the con- stellations and discovers the origins of their strange namings across the #ky. These, but a few of relevant to the theme itself which this author has brought forth to give a comprehensive view of the earth in its relation to the universe. Not all of them are of equally easy grasp on the part of the reader. Many of them involve deeper application than a mere sitting out under the October sky, than a mere taking in of inter. Some of them demand study, but the study is worth the effort. since it is an essential part of a better understand- ing of the whole. And in every case there is the communicable habit of the author himself. Simple speech. Big: topics. Freedom from confusir details. A readiness with famillar facts as illustrative material. Tllumi- nating anecdotes bringing the remote near, making concrete the abstract. And, above all, an authoritative know!. edge of the matter in hand. So. whether you are student or simply the interested and intelligent reader. ocan hardly do better than fo put y self next to “The Karth and Stars.” our- the * % ok ¥ Suppose Dr. Abbott himself talks a minute on a theme of great signifi- cance. of supremely important and beautiful implication: “Far awayv as the planets and stars are, separated from us and from each other by in comprehensibly great ' distances, yet we know that they are all made up of the same chemical elements as are found on our earth.” All are made of atoms—man and plant and rock, water and land, all made of two kinds of stuff, two kinds of electrons,. or unit charges of electricity. ‘Here at the very foundation of things begins that duality in electricity, in magnetism, in chemistry, in sex, which we re- mark throughout nature. Matter then is composed of electricit; Electricity {s but a form of ener The forms of motien, such as mechanical motion of bodies, heat motion of molecules, wave motion of light and radiation are algo manifestations of energy Fundamentally all is energy. Matter nomical history up to the beginning of { There is | the | the | the topics | esting tales by a prime story teller. . you | Q. What was Waiter Johnson's best strikeout performance—E. J. C. A. Tlis best strikeout performance is a nine.inning game of 14 strikeouts made in a game against St. Louls in Q. What part of the coal and gas used is used in homes?—N. T. A. About 16 per cent of the coal, 40 per cent of the natural gas. and 76 per cent of the manufactured gas are devoted to home consumption. Q. At what rate is the climate Rrowing warmer or colder?—P. C. C. A. The Weather Bureau says that its records do not disclose that any important change has occurred in climate in this country during histor- ical times. Q. What percentage of young chil- dren are cross-eyed?—A. P. 1. A. The Eye Conservation Council of America savs that one child in every hundred suffers from cross-eye or strablsmus. Before the age of $ correction by wearing glasses can usu ally be accomplished. Q. How much American money Is invested in Latin American coun- tries?—A. A. A. The Department of Commerce says that our financial interests there are now conservatively -estimated at about $4,000,000,000. Q. What are the prizes offered in the playground beautification con- test?- A. There are 3 $500 cash pri 30 $30 cash prizes and 33 pri: $30 each irdaursery stock. The cop- test lasts ‘lober 6, 1925, uniil November 1 1nd the awards wilk £0. not to (Fe most beautiful play- £rounds. but to the ones making the greatest progress in beautification. Q. How many fires does a city the «iz »f New York have in a r—N o es, of A. New York City had 27,000 fires in 1924. Manv of these were extin- guished with slight lose, but in the aggregate the properiyv loss was $20,. 000.000. Q. When did Cleopatra live? 0. W. A. Cleopatra was born either 68 or B. C. The exact day is not known he died August 29, 30 B. C. Q. Why isn’t anything as sweet as gaccharin a substitute for sugar? M. B A. William E. Fitch. a noted author ity on the subject of nutrition, savs “'saccharin is neither a vegetable nor mineral substance: it is not a condi- ment, because it does not stimulate ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. nourish; it is not a drug, because it possesses no curative properties; it is not a food accessory, becauge it is & laboratory manufactured chemical. Tt is sweet, but unlike sugar; it takes away the appetite without appeasing through any nourishing properties.” Q. Why were the first settlements of Greenland made on the western coast if the explorer came from the east?—N. W. R. A. The east coast has always been inaccessible most of the year on ac- count of a barrier of ice along the shore. Q. What percentage of the popula- tion of the world is civilized?—F. B. J A. 1t ix estimated that there a 1,800,000.000 human beings in the world. Of this number two-thirds are only “semi-civilized or in a barbaric condition. Q. s salt a good preservative for Wood?—S. 8. A. me unsuccessful attempts have been made to use salt (chloride of sodium) as a means of protecting wood against decay. The low toxicity and jhigh solubflity of this material make it unmtisfactory as a wood preserva- tive unless under conditions where it will be present in strong concentra tions. Such conditions, however, are seldom possible to maintain. Q. How many finger been made?—C. B. A. According to a report given to the National Crime Commission there are now approximztely 15,000,000 figger prints in various bureaus. Of these fully 5000000 are obsolete through death, and it estimated that 5,000,000 are duplicates. Q. Who was Queen Dick?—H. C. A. There never was a Queen Dick history. You probabiy refer to an old isaying. ““That happened in the reign of Queen L . which means “never. (Life is but a_series of questions and answers We wonder and e learn. We ask and are answered Some learn more than others because they rwonder more and ask wmore Some are not concerned and stay in whatever little rut circumstances hare placed them. The Star is one of a group of newspapers that wmaintaiv in Washington a great bureau that is in reality the wniversal school of in- forination. It will remove life’s ques- tion marks for you. It is free to all Send in your questiogwith 2 cents in stamps for return age. Adriress The Star Information [Burcau, Fred- eric J. Haskin, director, Washington, prints have it is not & food, because it does not BY PAUL } Dean Swift little thought that he was speaking more truth than poetry when he wrote: ra obse Hat) cmaller fle Andthese have smalle And wo proceed ad infi That was written nearly turies ago, but it waited last decade for verification of science. Pasteur demonstrated more than 40 vears ago the foundations of hac teriology. proving that ferments and putrification did not produce new ani- mal life, as was generally taught up to that time. but that evervwhere there extyited bacteria, with great functions in nature, producing changes in matter, causing diseases, but sometimes contributing invaluable ald in feod production. Pasteur's dis- coveries met scientists at work along entirely new lines of neither he nor his successors for 30 cears after his demonstration knew that the immeasurably small bac- teria which play such a part in dis- ease themselves have parasites Jike “smaller fleas to bite ‘em. * % K ¥ One of “the greatest achievements in medical research since Pasteur’s !day was sccomplished by a Washing tonian, Dr. Henry Rose Carter, as. sistant surgeon general of the United | States Public Health Service, who {died in this city a fortnight ago. In the officlal review of Dr. Carter's ! career. lssued by the Public Health | Service, following his death, it is | stated: i “Among the most notable of his sanitary and scientific achievements ima_\' be mentioned: The determination e a flea hat on him pres <Gl to bite fm itum two cen- until the by men of vellow fever, a foundation on which the brilliant work of Walter Reed and Dr. Carter was nominated for the Nobel prize by the distinguished En; lish physiclan and sanitarian. Ma Donald Roes. He was intimately as !sociated with Gorgas and Reed ! throughout the greater part -of their | careers.” | “Both Gen. Gorgas and Dr. Walter Reed testified to the greatness of Dr. Carter's work as a pioneer in finding {the mecret of vellow fever, the mos- quito, as the host carrying the fever germs. Kitasato, the famous Japa- nese scientist, says of Dr. Carter's work: “It is the only advance in mari- time quarantine since the time of -tha { Venetians.” * ok ok % What wonders have really heen | accomplished in sanitation and pro- longation of human life in recent vears! The Carter achievement, based on Pasteur’s work, is one ex- ample. Other research has combined to raise the average life from 39.8 years, in 1835, to 55 years and 2 months in 1920. Science thus donates 116 vears, on an average, (o all humans in_civilized countries. The United States Public Health Service, as is pointed out by its chief, Dr. Cummings, has eradicated small- pox in the Philippine Islands, whe it had been epidemic for centurie: has controlled cholera in the same region. and completely annihilated if in continental United States. It has checked bubonic plague in California. Texas. Louisiana and Florida. It has {helped demonstrate the transmission of typhus fever by body parasites. It has given the first demonstration that : beriberl was caused by eating polished [rice. deficlent in certain vitamin It as shown that the plague wa: kept alive by germx carried by ground squirrels. It has developed a method of treating oysters from polluted beds so as to make them safe for food. It has identified the American hook- worm and, by the Carter research, conquered yellow fever. We no longer tear cholera or small- pox, vet as late as 1873 there was a serfous cholera epidemic in the United States, and it was a novel idea put forth by Dr. Woodworth, supervising surgeon of the Marine Hospital Serv- ice, in his report to Congress, to the effect that cholera came from “unor- ganic poison gaining entrance through the alimentary canal.” 1n 1902 there were in the Philippines 166,252 cases of cholera with 109,461 deaths. Tn that vear 4,000,000 dled of cholera in India. So thoroughly has the disease been conquered that while i 1911 many ships arrived bear- ing cholera cases, only two cases re- —_—— is its. passive state, the other forms its aétive state.” Out of this begin- ning, there follows a deeply awakening atory,““Building the Universe.” Signed and sealed? Not by any means. “He to maintain that this sacheme of things is surely-‘the true one.” “It will oc- cupy a-thousand yesrs of research to il st the noble outlines of thé siruc-| ture, and reveal in ite full beauty the would"be a rash fool who would dare ' grand system of the celestial hosts. research, but | of the period of extrinsic incubation | | his commission rested, and for which | iD.c.) N BACKGROUND OF EVENTS ". COLLINS. sulted in Brooklyn {and two in Boston All these medical victories are atirib. | uted directly to bacteriology. No less serious than cholera wis vellow fever. Prior to the Civil War vellow fever was continuous in New Orleans and other Soutiern cities s0 that it was assumed to be endemic there. While the disease cannot he traced back earker than the seven teenth century, in 1793 it killed one | tenth of the population of Philadel- phia. and one-twentieth of the people |of New Orleans. In 1905 an epidemic of vellow fever in New Orleans killed one-tenth of the patients. Then Dr. Carter began his inveetigatlons, re sulting in proving that a mosquito was the ‘carrier of the germ, and rthe wholesale killing of mosquitoes has saved millions of human victime of the scourge. Yellow fever is wiped out. Now comes a recent discovery that mankind has an ally in the fizht |against the bacteria germs of disease {It is called “bacteriophage.” which mear terally, that it is somdthing | Which “eats up bacteria,” a parasite |of bacteria which destroge them. This | was not known prior to 1917, and ix | mcarcely yvet recognized even by ad | vanced scientists as an Important fac- tor in future fighting of disease. | Entomologists have long recognized |that the best wayv to fight an insect pest s to make use of the matural enemies of the insect. Sanitarians will, by research, discover possibilities of fighting microbes by the “smaller fleas to bite 'em.” Like Paul Jones, {they “have just begun to fight.” x k% * The first publication regarding hac- terlophages was in 1917. by Monsieur F. d'Hereile of the Pasteur Institute, Paris, and the first English transia. tion of the hook. “The Bacteriophage| Its Role in Immunity.”” was publish |in 1922 by George H. Smith, Ph, D, | Yale Tniversity. To illustrate briefly 'the action bacteriophage, the test was made wi! two specimens of water containing “vibrie cholerae.” The first specime: filtered through porcelain, contain 2.500 organisms per cubic centimetery after three hours no organism re mained. The second specimen was fil- tered and bolled. The boiling killed the enemy of the bacteria—the bagterie- phage—so_ that, starting with 5,000, after three hours it contained 10,000 after 40 hours, 36.000. The water of the Jumne- River in India, during the last cholera epidemic, left the town of Agra containing 100,000 germs per ° cublc centimeter; but’ 5 kilometers downstream it _had so purified itself by its bacteriophage that it contained only 90 to: 100 per Subic centimeter. Until - 1915 suth cleansing was thought to be dus to “a volatile some- thing in the water which disappeared by boiling.” Now it is recognized 1o be ‘“‘ultramicrobes,” cailed bacterio- phage. so infinitely small that not even when dyed can they be seen through any microscope, even though ‘microscopes can make visible the elec- trons of an atom. Just as bacteria _are made more virulent by scientific cultures. so a new possihility may be found in de veloping the enemies of all microbes by culture of bacteriophage until they will be s0 powerful ag to be able 10 nihilate any germs. Tha method of attack of a drugs. one in New York * o ok x ANl animals dncludin iloaded with bacteria. at {each animal contains ers against his own bacteri: | to being overpowered in cases of physi cal weakness.. But one man's mi crobes. thus held harmless upon him. jmay be virulent if transferred {o an- other person who is unimmunized agalnst it. Hence .the dangér of coughing in the presence of other per sons, which might carry germs to them. Russian Soviets are reforted recently to have forbidden all hand shaking and kissing because of the danger of the practice. A~ surgeon connected with the United States Public Health Service is authority for the statement that it is more important to glove the hands than it is to wear a mask in surgical operations. With the mask the sur- geon is obliged to touch it more or less with his hands, each touch carry- ing germs to the mask. With gloves on the hands, handshaking is warned off. He agrees with the Russians that handshaking is dangerous: It has long been argued that publie handshaking by the President, or hy other public’ men., ghould, Be abolished from « sanitary standpoint.. The zame is, applicable to .promiseuous hand- shaking and ldssing, at Jeast unlexs accompanied with a syfficient resi- ment, of active, bacterlgphages to at- fack the germs. for every little germ has a hacteriophage of fts awn. (Copsrizht 1925, by Pa) V. Collins.) humans) ave 1 times. hiut