Evening Star Newspaper, October 6, 1925, Page 1

WEATHER. (T. §. Weather Bureau Cloudy, with showers tomorrow, slightly cooler tomorrow night. Forecast.) tonight and warmer tonight, T mperatures—Highest, 63, at noon today Full report on page iowest, 49, at 6 a. m. today. Closing N. Y. Stocks and Bonds, Page 30 e 29,73, Erigred s Entered as second class matter Washington, DL IC . PALMER IS QUSTED AS FLEET HEAD BY SHIP BOARD: PLACE, * GIVEN T CROWLEY Deposed Official Is Named as Vice President of Corpora- tion to Take Charge of European Operations. REMOVAL VOTE IS 4-0; 0’CONNOR DOES NOT ACT New President Will Get $18,000 Salary, $7.000 Less Than Was, Paid Predecessor—Henry's Res- ignation as Finance Department Head Is Accepted. Br the Ascociated Pres. Leigh C. Palmer was removed today as president of the Emergency Fleet Corporation and Elmer Crowley of Boston was named to succeed him. | The action was taken by the Ship- | ping Board and marked another step in the tangle in which this Govern- ment agency has been inmeshed in recent months. Mr. Palmer's resignation had been on file since he was made head of the corporation, with wide powers, at the instance of President Coolidge. ! Today the board, which canceled these powers several days ago, merely voted to accept the resignation. It| then appointed “Mr. Palmer as vice president of the Fleet Corporation in | charge of European operations. Other Changes Made: he WASHINGTON, ISTRESEMANN REPORTED POISONED Rumors Warmly Denied by Germans, But Are Given Credence. First Meeting of Envoys Creates Optimism for Security Pact. i By the Associated Press. LOCARNO., Switzerland, October 6. —Rumors filled Locarno today to the effect that r. Stresemann, the Ger- man forelgn minister, was not ill from a fever caused by the change in climate, as announced, but rather as the result of administration of poison by political enemies. _Spokesmen for the German delega- { tion continued indignantly to deny the storfes, declaring that poisoning was impossible, as Dr. Stresemann bad brought his own cook from Berlin {and all the food served him had been | carefully scrutinized. One rumor current was to the ef- fect that the police had seized a bottle of chianti, part of the contents g€ which Dr. Stresemann drank Sun- ay. Foreign Minister Briand of France was the first to hasten to the Ger. man statesman's bedside and he re. turned for another visit. Forelzn Minister Vandervelde of Belgium and delegates of the other countries fol- lowed. Dr. Stresemann was well enough to attend today's session of the security conference, which was postponed | | IN LOCARNO BY POLITICAL FOES torAw DR._GUSTAV_STRESEMANN. from the morning to the afternoon because of his indisposition. Friends of the German foreign minister say he has been in indifferent health since the Welmar conference, where he overworked, and that any change of climate causes heart pal- pitation and a swelling of the throat. This, they insist, i the only reason for his present fliness. The first contact between the Ger- man and French delegates in the se- curity pact_conference. which has as (Continued on Page 15, Column 3.) MITCHELL GHARGES DENIED N PROBE Cannot Let False Accusa- tions Go Unchallenged, Witness Says. | Several other changes were made | in Fleet Corporation personnel. Sid- ney Henry, vice president and trustee, in charge of finance, was removed by acceptance of his resignation through unanimous vote of the five commis- sioners present. G. K. Nicols, first assistant to the vice president in charge of operations, was elected to succeed Mr. Henry as trustee, leaving | the vice presidency open. J. E. Sheedy was relieved of duty 1n London as vice president in charge | of European affairs, and was directed | to report to the board, which, it is expected, will assign him to other duties. Crowley is describéd as a. prae- shipping man, and previously he was employed under Mr. Palmer as assistant to the director of opera- tions. The vote by which Mr. Palmer was | removed was 4 to 0. Those for the mo- | tion were Commissioners Benson, Haney, Plummer and Thompson. Chairman O'Connor, the only other commissioner present, did not vote. Loses $7,000 in Salary. Mr. Palmer, as vice president, would | have a salary of $18,000 a year, as compared with $25,000 now, but a com- mittee. consisting of Chairman O'Con- | nor, Vice Chairman Plummer and | Commissioner Benson, was appointed | to revise salaries of executives of the Fleet Corporation. The salary of Mr. Crowley was fixed at $18,000. Crowley has accepted -his appoint- | ment_as president of the Fleet Cor- poration and is expected to resign his duties as operating manager for the American Export Line in New York. He began zoing to sea at the age of 15 4nd has been master of steam and sailing vessels, one of them the! Thomas W. Lawson, the only sever- rasted sailing vessel ever bullt in this country M. Palmer declined to say what his position would be toward accept- ing the vice presidency. His disazreement with President Coolidge over methods for disposing of the Government's merchant ships ; was further emphasized in a state- ment yesterday by Commissioner Thompson, who has resigned, protest- ing against the proposal to abolish | the board or do away with regional representation in its membership. Says Action Necessary. The board's action last week in resuming full control of the Fleet Corporation, he asserted, was neces- sary “to correct the chaos and mal- administration resulting from” its previous compliance with President Coolidge’s insistence that Mr. Palmer | “be given powers the Congress ex- | clusively lodged in the Shipping Board.” The members, he said, | “either had to take sharp issue with | the President or ignore their obliga- | tions under their oath of office.” Declaring the board was “an inde- pendent branch of government, not | an executive branch,” Mr. Thompson, | in his statement, s: ‘The stock of the Fleet Corporation is vested by law in the members of the Shipping Board. The officials of | the Fleet Corporation are elected by | and responsible to the Shipping Board. | In any neglect of duty or malefeasance | of any official of the Fleet Corpora- | tion it is chargeable to the board, not the Fleet Corporation officers. “The Constitution of the United States specifically provides that the | Congress shall have power to dispose of Government property. Yet the President insisted. in a communica- | tlon to the board, that members of the | board should not even discuss the sales | of ships with prospective purchasers, | hut that this function should remafn exclusively with Admiral Palmer. Cites Disagreement Cause. “Thus denied, except in open con- fiict with the President, opportunity ‘o learn all the facts in connection With negotiation for the sale of pub- lic property, the board, constituted by law as the only authority capable of giving a bill of sale to such prop- erty, was criticized because it would not agree to sell established ship routes at figures determined by Ad- miral Palmer. “I neither wish to wrangle with the Chief Executive nor violate my oath of office. 1 voted against the sacrifice of public property. I re- fused to vote for the sale of ship routes at one-fifth of the world mar- ket price for such property. * & “The prices recommended by Ad- miral Palmer at which ships would be sold was a sacrifice. It consti- i d i of the plans division, ! | Col. William Mitchell's numerous references to non-flying officers in con- trol of avlation units in the Navy again were answered before the Pre: dent's Alr Board this afternoon | Capt. H. C. Yarnell, commanding offi- cer of the aircraft squadrons scouting fleet, and who was naval air officer at the Hawaiian maneuvers. “Aviation.” declared Capt. Yarnell, has always been in control of air officers, and if there is anything wrong they are responsible. “Broad charges have been made against officers of whom I am one, and I cannot let them stand unchal- | lenged. “The ocean 18 no place for amateurs. If our naval aviators are not seamen they will be of little use in any naval operation. “If it is true that our aircraft are inferior to those of other nations just how the situation will be remedied by placing those same designers in a | corps by themselves is not clear.” Officers’ Views Differ. Expressions of dissatisfaction in naval aviation and of the desire for permanent aviation duty continued from four naval flving officers, who also testified at the morning ses- sion, three of whom emphasized the need of a change in existing condi- tions and the fourth standing solidly for the present system with slight modifications. The officers who testified in favor of reorganizing naval aviation were: Lieut. Comdr. Marc A. Mitscher, chief ureau of Aero- nautics; Lieut. Comdr. A. C. Davis, chief of the armament section of the bureau, and Lieut. Wallace M. Dillon of the flight division of the bureau. The fourth officer, whose testimony differed widely from that offered from any of the other officers before the board, was Lieut. Donald M. Car- penter, in command of the ground school, Naval ‘Air Station, Pensacola, la. Sees Preferred Class. Lieut, Carpenter, the first to testify, declared he was opposed to a separate air corps because that would set up a preferred class in the Navy, and add- ed his belief that the corps is unnec- essary. Naval aviation today is “‘run too much like a corps,” he sald, “and the Bureau of Aeronautics should re- main a material bureau. Officers should be detailed to the other bureaus in the Navy who are experlenced in aviation, but these bureaus should have charge of plans, training detail of officers, etc.” The witness, who said he had about 500 hours in_the air, charged “snob- bishness and conceit” had existed among naval aviators “which for want of a better word might be called the aviator's complex,” he explained. The aviator is too much concerned about displaying his skill as a pilot and is not giving enough attention to the duties of a naval aviator. “You cer- tainly wouldn't put a Western cow- puncher in command of a troop of cavalry during the war just because he was a good horseman,” declared Lieut. Carpenter. The present agitation for a separate air corps is due to a decire by the ad- vocates for “increased rank and pay,” Lieut. Carpenter said. _In opposing line the witness declared the Navy (Continued on Page 2, Column 4.) World Series Closing Hour on Classified Advertisements Commencing tomorrow and con- tinuing during the World Series Games, The Star's regular edition will be issued at noon. All classified advertisements must, therefore, be received at The Star Office not later than 11:00 o'clock night before issue to in- sure publication. Advertisements sent by mail to The Star should be posted in time to be received at The Star Office evening before. tuted a property or money subsidy not authorized in the law, the policy of subsidy having been considered by the Congress and rejected.” Lost and Found Ads and Death Notices will be accepted until 10:30 day of issue. { any creation of a separate air corps or | i WORLD DISARMING CONFERENCE URGED Parliamentary Union Dele- gates Voice Demand for Parley of Nations. A concerted demand for a world conference on disarmament was made by the nations of the world as rep- resented at the twenty-third confer- | ence of the Interparliamentary Unfon here today. The Interpariiamentary Union went on record in support of the establish- ment of demilitarized zones between nations and in favor of treaties' be- tween nations represented for crea- tion of non-military zones, Turning whole-heartedly and with ! unanimity from other pressing sub- jects to the sole problem of perma- | nent universal péace, the conference went on record as ready to support any official movement for the con- vening of a congress of the nations for the purpose of limiting arma- ments both on land and se: delegates of Japan and Great Brit. ain, both of whom declared they ex- pressed the sentiments of their gov- ernments, an appeal was issued for the United States to take the initia- tive once more and summon the world to the peace table again. One after another the delegates who represent the great powers of the world in this conference arose to speak | enthusiastically in favor of the Inter- ! varliamentary” Union's program for disarmament. Japan Sounds Call. Japan was the first, of the nations to sound the call for cessation of in- ternational strife. and Poland, Hun- gary, Great Britain, France, Ger- many, Brazil and Bulgaria seconded the appeal in order. R. S. Hudson, member of Parlia- ment and of the British diplomatic service, declared amid _applause of other members of the British delega- tion that his country *will join with any great powers in any conference | for the further limitation of naval armament or for the reduction of land armament.” Continuing, he sald: “What I had in mind in these ob- servations was that perhaps the ini- tiative in regard to naval matters, if they are to be treated separately, had better come from that power to which we owe the summoning of the Washington conference, which re- sulted in the first decisive interna- tional act of disarmament that the world has seen. Applause Shows Sentiments. “I venture to say that represents still the wishes and desires of the overwhelming majority of the nation and people of the British empire.” At the conclusion of, his address, Mr. Hudson was accorded what was per- haps the greatest applause yet given a speaker at the union’s conference, and it was accepted as a definite indi- cation of the sentiment of the dele- gates. Lasting peace is the final goal of | human aspiration today, Fusanosuke Mayeda, member of the Japanese Diet and business leader, declared. “Japan,” he sald, “is imbued with ; a desire to do whatever is possible to bring about this conditfon. We are ready to join hands with the other nations “of the world when the call comes.” Competitive armaments, however, | are putting realization of world.peace into the still unseen future, he added. | No Peace in Arms. “I wonder if any of you can cite any instance,” he said,"in which.ar- maments have assured peace for the world. I'know you cannot. ‘So long as armaments are kept in the present state, I am afraid there will ‘be no durable peace. It is incumbent, therefore, -to strive to the best of our ability to remove this cause of international disturbance.” The Washington conference on dis- armaments, Mr. Mayeda asserted, achieved much toward world peace. | He said it ranked high above any con- ference or congress held before or | since, but that it had left much that is yet to be done. Threat to Stability. Competition in armament is threat- ening even the economic stability of the nations, the speaker said, and he expressed the hope “that as an out- come of this conference of the Inter- parliamentary Union a solid founda- tion for reduction of world armament would be laid once and for all.” Carrying over debate on the resolu- tion of Brig. Gen. E. L. Spears of Great_Brital or “the establishment (Continu WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION Fhering D. C, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 6, AGRICULTURE UNITS USE 45 BUILDINGS SPREAD OVER CITY 28 of Structures Rented and Distance Apart Makes Ef- ficiency Difficult. RECORDS AND E_QUIPMENT IN DANGER FROM FIRE Less Than Half of Employes Work in Fireproof Offices—Some in Unusual Hazard. i This is the third of a serics of ar- | ticles on the urgent need for new Gov- ernment-owned buildings in_the Dis- | trict of Columbia to housc important | | Gavernment activitics. The fourth article will be printed tomorrow. 1 | No. 3—Department of Agriculture. BY WILL P. K EDY. | i The Department of Agriculture “ia | without doubt the worst housed in- | stitution in the city of Washington. | Senator Smoot, speaking officially for the Public Buildings Commission. has Star. 1925 - FORTY-FOUR PAGES. as fast as th Yesterday’ & UP) Means Assoclated i formally reported to the President and to Congress. This great department of Govern- | ment is now scattered over the Dis- i trict of Columbia in 45 buildings (or { parts of buildings) widely separated, 128 of which are rented and 17 Gov- ASKNEW BUILDING ithese rented buildings are nothing : I more or less than shacks, and the | department fs using just about every | { type of buildin| at can be found in T p ;3-; St * "™ 'Work and White Plan Drive | pam N in Congress Foliowing Grand Jury Attack. S The rental bill is $18: per an- num, and the cost through ineff clency and lost motion due to this; scatiered condition and location in unsuftable structures is many times that amount. Only 9 of the 45 buildings occupied are of modern fireproof construction. Of the more than 4,200 emploves of the department only about 1.900 (or Erection of nine new bufldings at St. Elizabeth's Hospital, to accommo- date 1,500 patients, at a cost of be- tween £4,000,000 and $5,000,000. will be urgently sought from Congress next and from | 5 Lt { considerably less than half) are Wovk:, 1,/ nber as the only practicable i in modern fireproof buildings, and | :‘Yy‘:‘ “ssfl in Government-owned bulld- | method of correcting admittedly bad ¢ conditions, which yesterday caused a ings of this type. The valuable records of the De- | Federal grand jury to attack the con- partment of Agriculture. which di | duct of the hospital in a report to the irectly serves every citizen In this | District Supreme Court. country—scientific, statistical and | Secretary of the Interior Hubert { busineas—as well ‘s milliona of dol. | work and Dr. Willam 4. White, su- tars’ worth of property, et \n 3¢ | perintendent of St. Elizabeth’s, today L i held a conference at the Interior De- The Department of Agriculture has|partment, during which they went been inadequately housed since u:lv‘ { over plans for the new buildings. nd recommendations to relieve this. . eondition have been made by every | Denies Any Are Sane. successive Secretary of Agriculture! Azreeing without reservation to the aince (and including) the famous allegations of the grand jury that con- “Tama Jim" Wilson,—Houston, Mere- | ditions at the hospital are overcrowd- dith, Wallace, Gore and now Dr. Jar. | ed, Secretary Work just as vigorously dine. { opposed the' body today on its charge Tt has been insistently drummed in | that any patients there are sane and upon Congress that in spite of the|there through ‘‘ulterior motives." new dutes which each succeeding I have found.” said Dr. Work, who Congress, vear after vear, adds to the less than a month ago made a per- work of ‘the Department of Agricul. | sonal investigation of conditions at St. | ture. there has been no building done | Elizabeth's, “that in the artificial at- to provide quarters for these new ac- | Mosphere of an insane asylum many tivities or expanding old activities since | inmates appear sane, but if they are the completion of the two white mar-| permitted to be at large again they Dble wings (known as Laboratories A ;500D establish beyond a doubt they are and B). These were finished and occu- | insane. 1 have no doubt that one or Dled in March, 1908. Even then the | more of the inmates impressed mem- housing was inadequate and that was | bers of the grand jury, but you may nearly 18 years ago. | be sure if any of them ‘were sane Dr. Congress knows these facts. the | White would be only too glad to re- President sees them and is firmly be- | lease them.” hind a public building program to cor- | Bisiook o Bl (i rect them. | Senator Reed Smoot sald today he Poorly Fitted for Use. | was little surprised that the grand | jury was shocked about the over- Senator Smoot. chalrman of the Pub- | crowded conditions at St. Elizabeth’s lic Buildings Commission. say: { Hospital. He sald he had carrfed ap- “A great many of these rented| propriations for the institution in his buildings are nothing more or less | ganeral building program, and that he than shacks and are poorly adapted | expected to press for the additional to governmental uses. In fact. it 18| money necded early in the next Con- very difficult to see how this depart- | gre. ment has been able to function at all |~ Secretary Work today called atten- | under the present cumbersome ar-|tion to the fact there are 60 mur- rangement of its various bureaus and | derers confined in Howard Hall. which units. While a rental of $182.850 Der ' was specifically mentioned in annum is now being paid, this d”-“’grand jury report, and he stated that not by any means represent the total | the guards who had to maintain good saving which-would result were the de-| order among them had his sympath partment’s activities concentrated in. “You will find in many cases.” coj one location.” | tinued Dr. Work, “that it comes to a Senator Keves In officially reporting | yuestion of whether a guard must pro- to the Senate for the committee on |tect himself against these criminal public buildings and grounds, recom- | patients or submit to injury. It is an mending remedial legislation, says: {extra-hazardous occupation “No well conducted business organi- | zation in the world would tolerate such | Criminals Make Task Hard. a situation for a single moment. The| Both Dr. Work and Dr. White hint- department 18 probably oCCUDYINR |ed that the present vogue of sending every type of building to be found in | criminals to insane asylums instead of this city. It is using old dilapidated | Sail does not meet with their approval, residences, patched up to serve as of- | and only makes the care of an institu. ifices; the temporary war buildings, | tion like St. Elizabeth's more arduous. modern office buildings, and one good | * Dr. White sald today that he has Government-owned building, which has| peen leading up to the request for been standing for vears with the main | the new building . program at St. portion uncombleted. Elizabeth's for two years and he con- “The saving to the Government if the | yijers the present the psychological department could bring its varied ac-, {jme to win support and success. He tivities together in buildings close to- | reports that an enlarged bofler plant gether would be enormous. The rental | cocting $200,000, which was author- of $182.850 per annum now being pald | j;eq at the last session of Congress, could only a fractional portion of : wyjj he completed within a month and the total saving. Aside from this, it 15| that this was built with the view of easy to see that the business of the | aying care of the nine additional department of such tremendous im-|piidi7 o8 which are sought. portance to the farming interests of | 'mo ot Yoo Le® 1°000 Satients at would be handled more|g “pijzabeth's in addition to the {normal capacity of the institution. | The new bulldings will take care of | this overflow and anticipated in- | creases, inasmuch as the admissions | have exceeded the discharges for the past several vears. | | (Continued on Page 4, Column 1.) {| Rival Managers Will || Cover World Series i Distinctive among the au- thorities who will cover the World Series for The Star will be the managers of the con- tending champions. BUCKY HARRIS, playin, manager of the Nationals, wi interpret, as only a man in his position can, what each day's developments mean to Wash- ington. BILL M’KECHNIE, man- ager of the Pirates, will tell for Pittsburgh the progress of the conflict with the insight that ?{elongs only to the man at G. | CAVALRY QUELL REVOLT. Syrian Troops Put Down Uprising at Hamah. BEIRUT, Syria, October 6 (#).—A 8yrian cavalry squadron has put down what is described as a local uprising { at Hamah, killing or wounding 30 of the demonstrants. ‘The crowd, which included many ‘Bedouins, menaced the public bufld- ings, disarmed the loyal police and are before cavalry arrived. Court Assigns Chapman Appeal. HARTFORD, Conn., Ottober 6 UP). —The Supreme Court of Errors of the State of Connecticut today assigned the appeal of Gerald Chapman, super- bandit, under sentence of death in Wethersfleld prison, for Wednesday. | Chtef Justice George W. Wheeler ! placed the case second on the list. These articles, to be found only in The Star, will be price- less to the devotee of the na- tional game. | i the | reported to have set fire to the palace | Woman Branded With “T”; Accused Of Stealing Spouse By the Associated Press. SEATTLE, Wash., October 6. Mrs. M. E. Taylor, wife of a fire- man. reported to the police that two women and a man broke into her home while she was alone and sleeping, bound and gagged her and branded the letter “T" on her left arm with a chemical. When Taylor returned home he found a note on the front door formed out of words cut from a newspaper, reading: ‘T’ stands for thief. Your wife stole vou. I've made up my mind to punish. I will.” LLOYD QUITS POST ON SCHOOL BOARD Former President of Body Will Make Home in Mis- souri, He Says. James T. Lloyd, former president of the Board of Education, has tendered his resignation to the justices of the District Supreme Court as a member of the school board, to take effect at once. The justices accepted the resig- nation today with regrets, and named | Charles E. Carusi, dean of the law de- partment of the National University, to the vacancy. Writing from Canton, Mo., Mr. Lloyd says he is resigning because he has established a residence in Mis- souri and expects to be in Washing- ton but little. He expresses the feel- ing that every member of the school board should be present at every meeting, and this he is no longer able to do. Closing his letter of resignation, Mr. Lloyd said: “I have greatly appre. ciated the consideration and honor of my position on the board and regret that I am so situated that I cannot fully perform the duties of the posi- tion until the end of which I was appointed ARREST CHINESE LEADER. Hung Hak-mo Suspetted of Collu- sion With Cheng Kwing Ming. CANTON, China, October 6 () Conditions here were complicated fur- ther today owing to the arrest of Hung Hak-mo, commanding the Szechuan province forces now occupy- ing the North River area. Comdr. Hung is suspected of collusion with Cheng Kwing Ming. Certain Cantonese troops ordered to the East River are refusing to pro- ceed there. Cheng Kwing Ming's ar. rival is apparently being held up pend- ing arrival of promised help. Iowa City Has Snowfall. SIOUX CITY, lowa, October 6 (#). —Snow, the first of the season, fell here this morning. It melted as it teil. DEBT NEGOTIATIONS WITH CZECHS BEGIN Differences in Figures Taken Up in Conference as Parley Opens. Funding negotiations over Czecho- slovakia's $117.000.000 debt to the United States opened with a brief formal session between the two commissions. following which Dr. Vilem Pospisil, head of the visit- ing commission, and Secretary Gar- rard B. Winston of the American Commission went Into conference on detalls. Indications were that these two would immediately get down to busi- ness. Difference of opinion as to the principal of the debt exists between the two countries, but this question was not taken up In the brief open- ing session today. In the meeting of the two experts, however, it was thought probable that this difference would be one of the first questions considered. | Another Conference Set. | After their morning conference | was announced that probably get together again this after- noon to continue a conference, “going over figures.” No time had been set early this aft- ernoon for a joint meeting of the two commissions. The formal meeting of the two groups, which occupied less than half an hour, was understood to have been given over largely to formal opening of the negotiations and exchange of greetings. Confidence already has 'been ex- pressed in American circles that suc- cess will come out of the debt parley with Czechoslovakia, although officials it tions could be made. Budget Well Balanced. The little republic carved out the middle of Europe following World War is, according to American records. progressing in its national !life. Details of its financial position have not been revealed., but officials here sald the Czechoslovakian budget was balanced and that the republic was forward in every particular. The reason for the difference of opinion over the amount of the Czechoslovakian debt has not been disclosed. The American figure stands as of May 15 at $117.679.095.70, cluding interest of something than $25,000,000, calculated at rate of 5 per cent. would in all probability be curtailed in any funding as all seven of the agreements already concluded have lowered the accrued interest rate below 5 per cent. ‘The, visitors, however, said in cor- respondence prior to the arrival of the commission that their obligation was_considered in that country to be $20,284,808. Difference Taken Up. It was this difference which the two experts were understood to have ap- proached today as one of the first questions for consideration. of he the The funding negotiations today lack- | ed one feature characterizing nearly (Continued on Page 2, Column 3. Dog Remains King ‘of Arctic Wastes, Planes Failure, Says MacMillan By the Associated Press. SYDNEY, Nova Scotia, Octoher’6.— The conviction that airplanes are not practicable for use in the Far North was _expressed by Comdr. Donald B. MacMillan after the arrival of his schooner Bowdoin here today on the return from his Arctic expedition. ‘The dog is still king of the Arc- tic,” said MacMillan, who arrived here today on the Bowdoin. ‘‘There are still many things he can do that cannot be done by any other method of transportation. * As the result of this trip I am convinced that planes are not practjcable for the Far North and that if air transport is to be used it must be the dirigible. “The planes will be useful in_the exploration of the interfor of Lab- rador and Baffin Land, or, in fact, any land south of the Arctic Circle. The great difficulty with planes is in land- ing. We had hoped to find landing places, but failed. It was necessary always to land on the water.. No plane has ‘vet. been designed with a ‘landing . speed of less than 40 miles an hour, and to attempt landing on ‘water strewn with field ice at such a speed is sure destruction for the plane. “Then, too, .In the everland flights H it was found necessary to ascend to a height of 7,000 feet above the low- lying clouds. This made it impossible, of course, to find any landing place not ohscured by clouds. “Of course the planes this Sum- mer met with far worse conditions than were to be expected and the weather was never suited for flight. ‘The planes covered in a day lands which had required weeks to traverse with dogs, but I still am of the opin- ion that the dog is king of the Arctic and that more can be learned when he is employes The MacMillan ship, Bowdoin, which arrived today at Sydney, Nova Scofia, plans to remain there only a short’ time and will proceed to a point off Halifax to join the other expedition ship, the Peary. The two then. will proceed to Monhegan, ar- riving there by Friday afternoon, and reaching Wiscasset, Me,, early Satur- day morning. Plans covering the proposed move- ment of the ships were received to- day by the National Geographic So- clety from Comdr. MacMillan. Radio Programs—Page 36. The Star” r every city block and the regular edi- tion is delivered to \Washington homes this morning | the two would ! admitted, of course, no definite predic- | more | This percentage | agreement reached, | “From Press to Home Within the Hour” s carrier system covers he papers are printed. Circulation, 97,050 TWO CENTS. PACTS, N AR, WL BRNGPEACE, CODLDGEASSERTS Tells Legion Tolerance Must Grow orWorld War Was Fought in Vain. Pre |URGES U. S. TAKE LEAD IN DEMOBILIZING HATRED Civilians Must Control Military Power or Liberty Will Cease, He Warns. By the Associated Press OMAHA, Neb. October 6.—Presi- dent Coolidge, addressing the Ameri- can Legion convention here today, de- clared that the result of the World War will be lost and the nations of the world will prepare for another con- flict unless racial antagonisms are de- ! mobilized and a universal attitude of toleration is created. “If our country is to have any po- | sition of leadership,” he added, “I |trust it may be in that direction, and T believe that the place where it should begin is at home." Asserting that no nation ever had or | ever will have an army large enough {to guarantee it against attack in time | of peace or to insure its victory in war, the President said that ‘“peace and security are more likely to result from fair and honorable dealings and | mutual agreements for a limitation of armaments amonz the nations than by any attempt at competition in squad- | rons and battalions.” = No doubt this country.” he contin- ued, “could, if it wished to, spend more i money, make a better military force, | but that is only part of the problem that confronts the Government. The real question is whether spending { more money to make a better militar: force would really make a better coun j try. Praises Military Science. 1 would be the last to disparage the military art. It is an honorable and patriotic calling of the highest rank | But I can see no merit in any unnec- essary expenditure of money to hire imen to build fleets and carry muskets Iwhen interntaional relations and agreements permit the turning of such | resources into the making of good roads, the building of better homes, the promotion of education and all the | other arts of peace which mifister to the advancement of human welfare.” Avoiding direct reference to any specific situation, Mr. Coolldge ex- ressed the opinion that military | power should be subordinated to and governed by civil authority, and con tinued “It is for this reason that any or- | Fanization of men in the military service bent on inflaming the public mind for the purpose of forcing gov- ernment action through the pressure of public opinfon is an exceedingly dangerous undertaking and precedent. | This iz so whatever form it might | take, whether it be for the purpose of {influencing the executive, the legisla |ture or the heads of departments. | "It is for the civil authority to de- {termine what apprepriations shall be | granted, what appointments shall be ! made, what rules shall be adopted for the conduct of its armed forces. When |ever the military power starts dictating | to the civil authority, by whatsoever ! means adopted. the liberties of the | country are beginning to end. National defense should at all times be sup. i ported, but any form of militarism | should be resisted.” Urges Broad Draft Law. Advocating a_selective service act | which would authorize broad mobiliza- | tion in emergencies of all the country’s resources. both persons and materials, i the President declared that, in time of war. power should be lodged some- | where for the stabilization of prices “as far as that might be possible in | justice the country and its de- | fenders.’ “But it will always be impossible to | harmonize justice and war,” he con- tinued. “It is always possible to pur- {chase materials with money, but pa- triotism cannot he purchased. Un- ss the people are willing to defend { their country, because of their belief in it, because of their affection for it, land ‘because it is representative of | their home, their country cannot be defended. “If we are looking for a more com- ! plete reign of justice, a more complete supremacy of law. a more complete social harmony. we must seek it in the paths of peace. Progress in these directions, under the present order of ! the world. is not likely to be made ex- cept during a state of domestic and |international tranquillity. One of the great questions before the na- |tionstoday is how to promote such | tranquillit { Urges Mental Demobilization. Declaring that one of the most na ural reactions during the war was in- ~ i tolerance, the necessity for a common {purpose 'and a unifled intellectual | front becoming paramount, Mr. Cool- {idge said that when the need for such solidarity is past there should be a | “quick and generous readiness to re- | vert to the old and normal habits of thought.” “There should be an intellectual de- { mobilization as well as a military de- mobilization.” he declared. ‘‘Progress | depends very largely on the encourage- |ment of variety. Whatever tends to standardize the community, to estal |lish_fixed and rigid modes of thought, | tends to fossilize society. If we all be: |lieved the same things and thought the }same thoughts and applied the same | valuations to all the occurrences about lus, we should reach a state of equi- | librium closely akin to an intellectual and spiritual paralysis. It is the fer- ment of ideas, the clash of disagreeing judgments, the privilege of the indi- vidual to develop his own thoughts and shape his own character, that makes progress possible.” Weather Disagreeable. Arriving in Omaha at 8:30 a.m after a 1,300-mile journey from Wash- ington, the President found the city swarming with former service men and the weather was disagreeable, as it frequently was in France. A cold, driving rain reckoned to put a damper on the day's activities, as the sky was 80 overcast that thers was slight prospect of a let-up. The President and Mrs. Coolidge ‘were greeted at the Union Station by James A. Drain. national commander (Continued on Page 5, Column 6. e