Evening Star Newspaper, June 9, 1925, Page 2

2 * P THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON D. C., TUESDAY, JUNE 9. 1925 STATES ARE AIDED IN FIGHT ON REDS Supreme Court Decision Up- holding New York Law Strengthens All Others. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. The decision of the Supreme Court of the United Stat holding the | e ficd Ven Tork Stase taw against ne| GENEVA EXPECTS ‘hment of anarchy Is expected now o redult in the strensthenn BERLIN OBECTION | of existi) t. tes as well as the S aridellaln i TO SECURITY PACT aimed at Communistic doctrines. ! ——— Until the Supreme Court spoke.! (Continued trom F there had been a feeling among con stitutional lawyers that it was diffi- cult to maintain the validity of cer- tain laws because the border line between free speech as suaranteed by the Constitution and the actual commission of an overt act was too vague to piece the two together. During the World War the Supreme Court did not hesitate, of course, to uphold the espionage act with most of its varfous convictions where it was asserted that a speech tended to in- terefere with the operation of the selective service law by discouraging enrollment. But since the war there has been an entirely different set of umstances before the court, es pecially in connection with the preach- ing of communism. The Communists have taken refuge in such phases as mass action” and “str and “eco- | nomic force,” and have managed in mosat ses to prevent the States from app their laws The opinion of the Supreme Court however. as voiced hv Justice San ford. states clearly that a State need not wait for the preachment of a doc- trine to result in the commission of a crlme against the peace and order of the State, hut that it may nip such ng own vaguely ntterances in the bhud by punishing those who preach the doctrine of overthrow of government or disburb- The court incitement to riot" ance of the peace. the view that kes b always been punished by the tes, and that ‘“philosophic abstractions are hardly an exception if they a coupled with a definite purpose to overthrow the existing order. Only Two Dissent. The dissenting opinions of Justices Oliver Wendell Holmes and Louis Brandeis—known as the two “lib. erals” on the bench—are fully in line with other dissenting opinions by these same two justices, who did not always agree with the majority. even in the punishment of cases under war time laws. There is minds of unquestionably in the Justices Holmes and Brandeis » helief that the mere preachment of an offensive docirine by a minority is not as harmful as the steps that are taken as a rule t punish free speech. and © more harm than good results in the attitude of the States in their {nability to draw the line hetween legitimate use of the conStitutional amendment relating tc tree speech and its abuse. Free Speech Limited. With the present membership of the | Supreme Court. however. a majority clings tenaciously to the idea that even the constitntional privileges of free speech have their limits, and that the abstract welfare of the state is higher than any individual right There have been decisions in the past rendered by the Supreme Court on kindred questions which would have resulted in a much freer interpreta tion today of New York's law. but in past history there has beem nothing comparable to the communistic move. ment staring the judges in the face. The decision, therefore, is regarded here as simply another result of propa- ganda carried on by the Soviets to bring ahout revolution in other coun- tries, and a natural counter-defense against the use of the Constitution as 3 protection against the preaching of anarchy. (Coprrizht. 1 COUNGIL STARTING STUDY OF BUDGET Going Into Session This Aft- ernoon. With Data From Various Departments. With data before them from all im. portant agencies of the idstrici gov ernment, the Citizens’ Advisory Coun cil this afternoon will hegin a series of executive sessions to decide how much it will recomend 1o the Comm- missioners for the 1927 budget. The council yesterday afternoon spent two hours with Supt. of Schools Ballou. at which the superin tendent explained in detail the items | D the new school hud- | proposed | amount is about $1.400.000 more than ' which make t of $13.563,000 This the appropriation for the school sy tem for the next 12 months. The council over a period of several weeks has heard the needs of the | Sewer Department., Highway Divis fon. Board of Charities, Police, Fre and Health Departments. and the free Public Library system. Study Merits of Each. At the executive sessions which | start today. the council will endeavor to decide the relative merits of the various projects laid before it While the council itself has not yer decided to what extent it will go into details In making its first advisory re- port to the Commissioners. it was indicated today that probably suggest a total for the entire bu accompanied by an outline of sums that should be allotted to each of the more important departments, At the conference vesterday after- noon Dr. time to an explanation of the need for more teachers to take charge of the approximately 75 additional classrooms which it is expected will he ready for occupancy by the end of 1926 Want Ground at Once. Of the total school budget of $13.- 500 000, the second installment of the five-year building and ground program ealls for about $4,300,000. It was e: plained to the council vesterday that the School Board originally aimed at $4,000,000 as the amount to be pro- posed for continuing the building pro- gram in the fiscal year 1926-27. but that it added several hundred thou- sand dollars in order to acquire sev- eral pieces of ground for future use where the necesity for immediate purchase was imperative. Dr. Ballou urged upon the council the importance of buying land at once in certain localities for schools that will not be built for several years to come, pointing out that unless this farsighted policy is pursued vacant ground will not be available later on. The council may hold one more hearing to discuss the financial re. quirements of the traMe director’s of- fice for signal devices before reporting to the Commissioners. phrased | Ballou devoted much of his | lu. s. Group Leases | Soviet Manganese Mine for 20 Years By the Associated Pre: MOSCOW, June 9.—The Soviet government and the Harriman in- terests have reached an agreement on the terms of the long-pending | Chiatouri Manganese concession and the contract is expected to be signed tomorrow. American interests will have a 20-vear control of the mines, which are the largest and richest of their kind in the world. | | members of the League of Nations. It sald these rights and obligations would apply equally to Germany. since in order for the pact to be enforced jermany would become a full member of the league. The statement said nothing in the pact will weaken the provisions of the treaty of Versailles regarding Ger- many’s other frontiers and that the possibllities of trouble on all frontiers other than those with Belglum and France, specifically treated in the pact, would be covered by the cove- nant of the league. The situation was interpreted here as meaning that any concession which | the Dritish government made toward reaching an agreement with France regarding Germany's disarmament has {been more than fully repaid in this proposed seeurity agreement, which ses the Leazue of Nations to a new | standing _and brings Germany irto | | membership British As matters now stand Great Britain {has a vital interest in the western | European frontiers as long as Brit- | ish soldiers remain in the Cologne ! occupied area, where they will re- main until Germany's disarmament required under the Versallles treaty 'atrol Cologne. 1s accomplished. - These British sol diers are an obstacle to any' sg- gression by Germany, and at the |Same time would act as a check {against any attempt of a forelgn country to enter Germany. But ac- cording to opinion here, when these | British forces are withdrawn, there {would be no guarantee to elther {France or Germany for the integrity lof their frontiers withont proposed | security pact. The pact will pro- |vide that guarantee, British circles say. and will have behind it the | more powerful guarantee of the | League of Nations. and therefore will ibe an additionally potent omen for peace | "1t is understood the allies have |kept Italy informed completely of | the negofiations and will seek to have {her as a siznatory of the proposed | security paci. upon the same basis |as all other parties to the treaty.! It appears certain that the Brit- | ish dominions hive been informed | of the progress of the security pact discussions and therefore official {circles think it quite probable the ! {dominious will approve the pact | when the time arrives for them to! Jdiscuss it with London. Ends Century of Aloofness. The agreement as reported in Paris and Geneva dispatches is given first | {place by the London morning news. { papers. Thus far there is no editorial com- | indications of ment. but there are greuat surprise in some quarters, as well as dissatisfaction with the terms as reported. The Daily Telegraph, in a diplomatic note, sav . “The statement is characierized by i two remarkable omissions. ¥irst, there is no suggestion that the pact is bilat- eral and that Britain would undertake to give Germany's western boundary a guarantee corresponding to that she |is “prepared to give France and Bel- igium, although mutuality was the basis of the original German pro- iposals and Is that of the British pol- icy as defined by Premier Baldwin {and Forelzn Secretary Chamberlain. | “Secondly. there is no reference to !1taly’s inclusion in the pact. although {Germanv_invited her 1o join and | Premier’ Mussolini strongly expressed | la desire to do so.” i In an introductory note the Express | | sa. | "This is a sensational and histori chanze in British policy. A centu: of isolation is ended. ' Great Britain |now declares herself a continental | power, pledzed to war if the Rhine i'rnnrler is violated. * * * A surprising feature of the arrangement is that | Germany must accept the plan before | she ix admitted to the League of Na-| { tions."”" The Dally Herald Laborite, news columns, calls the arrengement a blood pact with France,” and re- marks that it is surprising that “it has not been approved by the do- { minions nor even made known to the British Parliament and British People." “Mr. Chamberlain,” it adds. “has undertaken a ponsibility which we {may be called-upon to fulfill with our blood."” in its PARIS IS HOPEFUL. | Believes Europe Now Nearer to Permanent Peace, PARIS. June % (A).—The French reply to Germany's security pact pro- posal. upon which Great Britain and France announced complete agree- ment ai Geneva vesterday, will be forwarded to Germany wifthin a few {days. It was sent today to Brussels {and Rome for approval. Belgium is familiar with the note and officials | sald its approval is certain. Italy’s as- | sent is confidently anticipated. | It was believed here that Europe | now is nearer security than‘at any | time since the armistice, and that a | general settlement may come within a few months. It was said in French circles, however, that everything de- pends upon whether Germany is sin- cere in wishing a permanent peace. The points of agreement are: First, the pact no longer presents the appearance of assistance io be given by France to Belglum, but a {firm decision by Great Britain to de- {fend her own security from the Rhine |and the Scheldt. Second, the interests of France’s {alli the Poles and Czechoslovakians. have been guarded. because France retains the right to cross the de. militarized Rhine zone In case of a threat by Germany over her eastern | frontiers. Third, the arbitration treaties which Germany has proposed to conclude with Prague and Warsaw. as with Paris and Brussels, and which must be negotiated at the same time as the security pact, will only affect differ- ences arising-in the future: that is they cannot apply to questions of frontiers or other dispositions pro- vided for in the peace treaties. Driver Suspended. Clarence Montgomery, colored driver of the Emergency Hospital ambulance, has been indefinitely suspended follow- ing complaint by Commissioner Fen- ning that the ambulance was return- ing from a call at an unnecessary rate of speed and making excessive noise with the siren. The Commissioner said the Ineldent occurred while the ambu- lance* was proceeding south on Four- teenth near S street about 6 o'clock Saturday evening. Many a girl who never had her ears pierced may have had them bored. [EWDLIERATIRE TES CASE SOUGH Prosecutions Threatened by End of Week Unless Magazines Go. Prosecutions of news dealers here who are violating the laws forbidding printed indecency are expected to he under way before the and of this week unless nearly a score of lascivious | magazines disappear from Washing- ton stands. it was Indicated at the office of District Attorney Pevton Gor- don today. M Gordon intends to find one or more ‘“‘perfect cases. He will take these hefore the grand jury Imme- diately, demand hurried indictments and then ask the Criminal Court to give the offenders the full limit of the law should they be found guilty. There is little doubt in the mind of the prosecutor that the court will acquiesce. Code 1s Clear. The code regulating the sale of im modest literature in the National Capi- tal is clear and unmistakable, without a loophole for escape on technical grounds. It plainly says that “who- ever sells or offers to sell or give awav” In the District of Columbia “an) pamphlet. drawing, engraving, picture, photograph * * * " shall be fined not less than $50 nor more than $500. or Imprisoned not more than one vear, or { both. When Maj. Gordon, at the request of the Washington newsdzalers, read be- tween 30 and 40 magazines last month he found 26 instances that he thought were clear-cut violations of the law and ordered them hanned. He has no doublt now that if the sama class of literature is being offered for sale there will be little difficulty obtaining { convictions and maximum penalties. Information has reached the Dia trict attorney that the June issues of many of the same maguzines are be- ing offered for sale. Maj. Gordon will offer no cbjection 1o this pro vided their contents have been radi cally changed from those of the pre- ceding month. but ofMcials of the volice department have already dis covered several they bhelieve to he well beyond the pale of common de. | cency. Some Innuendo Cases. The District attornev helieves there would be no difcuity finding in stances of so-called “borderline” vio- lations — publications that contain Indecency by innuendn. He is confi dent, however, that he can find in numerable clear-cut is these he will atiack in his first of fensive. Then, if the “borderline” cases continue. he will go after them Once the courts make it plain that Washington is an unprofitable field |increasing dansity of population and | Paris increase of difficulty be- that Dr. Jean Charcot. Polar explorer tween man and man. there was need-|intends for printed immorality and lewd “art.’ however, Maj. Gordon does not be liave it will be necessary to extend his offensive into the classes on the bor- der line. These, he feels. will disap- pear, either through the fear of the dealers of feeling the extent of the law or through the banishment of the more serious publications, cutting the profits of such dealers to the point where they will look for means of live- ihood in other lines of business. ewsdealers who have been inier- viewed. admit their profits from las- civious publications are small—a gent or two on each copy sold. It will re- quire the sale of a lot of copies, it was pointed out. to pay the expenses of one or two fines of $200 each. which would be a comparatively low even for & first offenze, in view of the fact the law permits a maximum of $500 and a vear in Jail. Youths Are Buyers. In view of the fact that it is the youth of the Natlon that is the largest purchaser of these publications. it would be dificult to find a merciful court or jury. Every informed per- son who has investigated conditions has virtually been driven to the con- clusion that lascivious publications encourage thoughtless boys and girls 10 attempt to enact in real life the dangerous scenes of fmmorality that re pictured to them in some of the magazines. Some of the newsstands here that flourish most In the sale of high school boys and girls during noon recesses or after school hours have ended. A number of the dealers, quick to realize the eagerness with which such magazines attract the imaginative minds of youth, hang them in their windows or put them on outdoor stands, where they are sure to be seen, while the more proper magazines occupy spaces on little-seen ‘shelves. While the Police Department is seeking out copies thal have already been distributed in Washington, the Inspection Division of the Post Office Department is continuing its vigil to keep as many objectionable magazines as_ possible from entering the city through the mails. Most of the more objectionable variety come in'by ex- press, however, which makes their seizure considerably more difficult. al- though it Is belleved fo be just as illegal as shipment by mail. Both the Federal and District Gov- ernments are determined, however. 10 wage their campaigns without merc: and the officials In charge are con dent that they will soon succeed in ridding the National Capital of sala- clous literature. Considerable head- way has been made already, but it is still easy to find copies of the unlaw- ful publications, and the authorities have orders to fight without relaxing until every newsstand has been com- pletely cleaned up. CITIZENS TO OUTLINE DEFENSE DAY PLAN Col. Bell Calls Meeting of Com- mittee for Friday—Will Not Act as Chairman. The question of how Washington should observe Defense Test day on July 4 this year will be discussed at a meeting in the board room of the District Building at 4 o'clock Friday afternoon of the committee of eciti- zens, which arranged for Defense day last vear. nnouncement of the calling of the meeting was made by Engineer Com- missioner Bell following a session of the Board of Commissioners this morning. In planning for the observ. ance last vear Col. Bell served as chairman of the committee, but he said today he probably would ask ti committee to select the chairman this year. Those who will be invited to attend the meeting are: James T. Lloyd, Isaac Gans, Milton E. Al Charls A. Baker, C. T. Clagett, E. H. De Groot, Elliot H. Goodwin, Roy L. Neu- hauser, R. P. Andrews, John fGleiss- ner, Newbold Noyes, Edward B. M Lean, G. Logan Payne, Samuel J. Prescott, Edward F. Colladay, Charles J. Bell, H. A. Brooks, Arthur Carr, E. €. Graham, Harry G. Kimball and Edward D. Shaw, = obscene. lewd or indecent book. | violations and i1 | levy, | these | ‘ v | publications are gathering places for | Senator Fess of Ohio warn against the Not Despite all efforts to save them, the several famous Harding rose plants in the rear grounds of the White House are dying. At least the gardeners who have been working over these plants trying to revive them are of the opin- fon that their end is near. These plants were put into the ground personally by the late Mrs. Harding when she was mistress of the White House. The President was passing along the walkway between the executive office and the White House building at the time. and he lslonped and looked on at the proceed- ng. The Harding rose was first grown at the Department of Agriculture greenhouse and was named in honor of Mrs. Harding. When it was first shown it was received with great ac- claim by rose fanciers. It was pro- CREDIT PROTECTION Praises Association for Its Campaign and Pledges Department’s Aid. Stressing the enormons loss (o { American business through the opera tion of credit “criminals,”” Secretary of Commerce Hoover. addressing the | National Association of Credit Men {at the Mayflower Hotel today, de jclared ihere were three principai | methods of improving the credit pro URGED BY HODVER ed Harding Roses at White House Are Dying Despite Tenderest Care | | | claimed to be the finest specimen of all the pink variety of roses grown up to that time. Mrs. Harding was 80 pleased with the appearance of the flower and the honor extended to her by having it named for her, she ob- tained some small plants for her gar- den. These plants thrived well and bloomed in glorious fashion until this Spring. For some unaccountable rea- son they are withering and give =vi- dence of not heing long for the plant world. in which they occupied such an honored and conspicuous place. The little old-fashion flower garden which Mrs. Harding planted the first Summer she was in the White House is faring better than the Harding rose. It has been tenderly cared for and nourished from year fo year, and to- {day it is one of the real heauty spots| in the White House grounds. DIRIBLES UNFI TOAID AMUNDSEN Are Not Suitable for.Arctic Search, Secretary of Navy Wilbur Declares. By the Associated Press Secretary Wilbur has no intention of sending either of the dirigibles Los Angeles or Shenandoah in search of the missing Amundsen polar expe- dition. In announcing refusal of a request the Norweglan Aero Club that one by | cedure of the country, These are, he [of the airships be sent to the rescue | said. the exiension of credit 1o good | the Secratary declared: *'W people, the refusal of credit to “unre | going to send any wild g llable ‘and incompetent people” and|to the ypolar regions.” The > “fail for the bad.' | Department has not changed its | Praising the credit men for their opinion that such an expedition is . campaign against fraudulent business| not feasible and Mr. Wilbur pointed | practices, & retary Hoover sald: out vesterday that if sent it could don’t know of any worse waste than| not be ready to operaie before the that which comes from crime.” The waste from this source. { Mr. Hoover said, was not only levied against the immediate loser, but. in commercia hree airplanes with the MacMillan Arctic expedition could make a search for Amundsen. Difficulties attending 2 | the long run. was levied on the whole | flight to the pole, he believes, would | people. The Department of Commerce | be greater | ledged relentless pursuit of commer | cial “eriminals by Secretary Hoover, | who said that such pursuit was a mat ter of “enormous economic { tance.” | an opportunity to become “one of the stabilizing influences of the country. Secretary Hoover pointed out how the Sunday credit executives were able to watch | the ebb and flow of business and to is sue warning in times of danger noi | the association membership | the jonly to ibut to business as a whole. Urges “Self-Government.” | Self:government” was recommend ed to the Amerivan people by the Secretary, who declared that with the | consequent {ed a growing ‘self-government out- Iside of government.” | The growth in associations throuzh- {out the country was praised by the {Secretary, who said that those which {have a sense of public responsibility {and service provide a helpful means {of lifting standards and ethics in their {own groups. | "It is fundamental.” ! Hoover. “that we maintain based on character, for character is | not only a large part of credit risk | but the maintenance of character a basis of credit is a stimulant to the { Nation. Tt provides a chance for many to start on useful careers who might otherwise be unable 1o siart and by the elimination of those who |Greaniang | are undeserving it places a premium ! on charact itself. “There is alwavs a small proportion | of criminals with us. They are the destructive insects who infest our { commereial fabric. This sort of per son i= the bandit of commerce. There impor- | would Declaring that the credit men had | Angeles | connected with her 25 mem is no greater service than relentlessly | to pursue him. ment, as deterrent to evil, great economic importance. Aside from punish., | it has & Warns Against Booms. | Secretary { the danger of booms, saving that they | were always followed by slumps. with Hoover warned against | great detriment to the entire nationa | structure. The association today aiso heard |“mania for legislation.” and listened {to Vice Gov. Platt of the Federal Re- serve Board propose “branch banking {as a means of preventing bank fail {1res,” during the course of the second day's convention program at the May flower Hotel. | One of the important features of {the day was the series of trade group | conferences this afternoon. where va | rious branches of banking, manufac- turing and business planned to get to- gether for a detailed and intensive |Study of the problems confronting {them. Tonight there will be reports from the advisory council, three committee reports and two plays by credit men in competition for the national asso- eciation cup. The plays will be pre- sented by casts from Atlanta. in ting on All Four, Bend, in "The Credit Salesman. Senator Fess warned that there had heen built up “a bureaucratic system dangerou The demand for legis- lation on the part of the people had ! become so heavy, he said. that it was “‘pertinent to inquire whether the ma- nia for legisiation has not already be- come the serions problem in American polities.” “The danger.” he said, “is not alone in the mere number of laws enacted or attempted, but also in the character of the proposals. Sounds economic consideration is thrown to the winds. Public appeal for political favor is embraced. The statesman glves way to the politician. Every proposal Is given the political bias.” Attacks Demagogues. The “demagogue” was attacked as { taking advantage of the demand for legislation. Senator Fess referred to the ex pansion of the Department of Agrl- culture, as a “good example of the enormous growth of bureaucratic gov- |ernment in the last two decades.” Vice Gov. Platt of the Federal Reserve Board, speaking before the Robert Morris Associates. bankers, declared that “where smaller banks are necessary to accommodate the people branches should be permitted. The national banking system,” he said, “would be much stronger if we could provide that in the future no banks should be chartered with a capital less than $50,000 as in the national bank act before 1900) or, better, $100,000, which, considering the general increase in prices, is no more than $50,000 represented in the early days of the national banking act. Mr. Platt thought it ‘“unfortunate that the national banking act has been generally interpreted as not authorizing branch banks. ‘“The Con- gresses which revised the act, Mr. Platt said, “did not intend to prohibit branch banking. They certainly did not. intend to -prohibit branch bank- ing within city limits, and it appears reasonably clear that they did not intend to prevent national banks from having the same privileges with relation to branches that State banks have. The speaker said no less than 65 per cent of the failures had a capital ot $25,000 or less and only 10 per at Washington that is irksome jf not | than those of heavier machines, the airship being more highly susceptible to weather condi tions. An added danger. he sald lie in possible recurrence of engine trouble, which forced the Los to break off her trip to finnesota. The Los Angeles, which turned back at Cleveland, when motor water recov stem failed, will resume her flight Minnesota. probably tomorrow, for Norse-American _centennial. as s00n as repairs are effected, the Sec etary announced. French Party Going. Meanwhile, another Amundsen re- lief party is reported forming in Dispatches last night related to leave early in .July to search for the adventurers. The French man believes that the expe dition is safe and is attempting to reach civilization before the FPolar Winter begins. A similar view was expressed meteorologists and airplane expe) who returned to Bergen, Norway, ves- terday from Spitzbergen, where they said Secretary | were associated with the Amundsen credit party in preliminary preparations for They were confident that that the venture. the expedition is safe and bers are hiking across the ice fields toward Cape Columbia. Unless the missing party is heard from by August 1. when the Mac- Millan party will reach Etah, in Boston dispatches sald, MacMillan may start a search at time, using two of his three naval planes. He proposes to trace Amundsen’s supposed course hetween Cape Columbla and the Pole PINEDO AT MELBOURNE. Italian Aviator Completes Stage of Flight Begun April 21. MELBOURNE, Australia, June 9 (#).—Comdr. Francesco de Pinedo, talian fiver, arrived today at St Kilda. a suburb of this city. The above dispatch Comdr. de Pinedo. who is chief of siaff of Italy’s air force, has com- pleted the first major siage of hix projected flight to Australia and Japan, which he began April 21. Pre- vious advices have indicated that shows thai |be would take @ brief rest and have his machine overhauled either at | Melbourne or Svdney before hopping off on the Japanese flight. cent of them than $160,000. a capital of more 'he great number of | small bank failures,” he said. “each one of which has elements of {ragedy in its own neighborhood and each one of which locks up a portion of the purchasing power of the country, ac- counts for the fallure of business to respond as it should have responded been evident for the past 10 months, These small bank failures are still oceurring at the rate of six or eight a week and there have been of them since the first of January down to and including May 15. Need Larger Banks. vidently, if there is a remedy for this condition, the credit men should be interested in advocating its adoption. We must have banks Jarge enough to afford good manage- ment and large enough to spread their risks over a variety of indus- tries and over a considerable terri- tory,” he said. The invocation today was by Dr. Lewis J. Schwefel of Adas lIsrael Congregation of this city. A demon- stration, “credit chemistry,” was pre- sented by the Robert Morris Asso- clates. George H. Williams of New York led a forum in discussion of problems confronting the credit man today, and the fire insurance com- mittee reported under direction of N. Hallgren of Seattle. T. Alfred Flem- ing of New York spoke on “Arson. The first formal session of the conference was held yesterday after- noon, with Bishop James E. Free- man of the Kpiscopal diocese of ‘Washington as the principal speaker. Bishop Freeman declared the first line of defense of the Nation was the “moral character” of its people, adding: “You haven't any paper in your box that is worth 14 cents un- jess the man behind the paper rep- resents moral character.” Edward James Cattell of Philadelphia spoke on “Looking Forward." Ir welcoming the conference on behalf of the District Commissioners, Associate Justice Frederick L. Sid- dons of the Supreme Court of the District commended the assoclation for its work, emphasized the impor- tance of credit and declared that the truction of credit would destroy business itself.” The “elevating of business standards” was recommend- ed as a means of enlarging and strengthening credit. The convention was also welcomed by W. C, Hanson, chairman of the general convention committee; Frank W. White, president of the Wawh- ington Association of Credit Men, and Frederick F. P. Siddons, chal man_of the entertainment commit- tee. E. D. Ross of Portland, Oreg., responded. » atrigible | its | PHONE VALUATION APPEAL IS ARGUED Commission Cuts Property Appraisal to $18,578,956, Against $26,000,000. Justice Hoehling of the District Su- preme Court today heard arguments of counsel on the appeal filed by the Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co. from the valuation placed on its prop- arty by the Public Utllities Commis- sion and for an injunction 1o prevent the placing into effect tomorrow of {the new schedule of rates based on {the recent valuation. The commission placed a value of 318,578,956 on the company's property, and counsel for the corporation claims it should have about $26,000,000. Attorneys Guorge P. Hoover, Alex ander Britton and 0. A. De Vane ap- veared for the company, while Cor- boration Counsel Stephens represented | he commission. Reproduction Cost Contested Before the argument began Mr. Stephens filed the answer of the com- mission, in which it is claimed that the reproduction cost as figured by the company’s experts exceeds the amount of capital invested in the en- ierprise by nearly 50 per cent. The mmission, not being satisfied with hose figures, made its own valuation, hich, with proper depreciaiion, it tlaims to be $18,57%,956. the assessment figures. It excluded three parceis of real estate from the because the land was not actually used and useful for the con- venience of the public and was not an element of falr value. In respect to the value of the buildings of the corporation, the commission sa it followed the same rule as to the land and increased the figures of the as. {sessor by 30 per cent In valuing overheads and intangibles, says the commission, the method was followed which met the approval of the United States Supreme Court in the Des Moines Gas case, 238 1 The commission denles that it failed to allow for “gonig value” and declares {1t considered the company as a going and successful concern and that the element of such value was included in t considerad carefully all ihe iesti {mony as 1o the value of the land |owned by the company hearing from |real estate brokers, auctioneers and Ithe Districi assessor. and struck a |fair value by adding 30 per cent to i valuation | working capital, the commission sub. { mits. Tt made an allowance of $4 for materials, $4 for working capital and $2 for supplies per station, foi lowing the practice in New York and New Jersey. The commission also savs it provided an elastic method by which such allowances could be ad justed easliv owing to tha rapid in corporation. ‘The commission also asserts that the depreciations fixed by the commis- sion were fair. and that the amount asked for such depreciations by petition of the company is excessive The commission also points out that Iso inciudes radio property, which the commission decided to exciude. It is admitted by the commission In its an- {swer that_the company is being con- ducted efficiently, but not that its business is betng run economically. { The rates set by the court fs advised. will vield a re. turn of 7 per cent on what the com. mission considers a fair valuation, and { Wil not reduce to only 5.54 per cent |the return to the company, as claimed by counsel for the corporation. Lastiy, Ithe claim i made by the commission that the rates are not confiscatol that result no 0 |and | will injustice or unfairness the corporation if the the commission. {PARK AND HIGHWAY PLANNERS CHOSEN "BY COL. SHERRILL (Continued trom First_Page.) 1y | Washington zoning. The planning committee, according to Col. Sherrill, will be charged with the co-ordination of the planning work carried out under the Board of Com- missioners of the District of Columbia. under the office of public buildings and public parks, under the National Capi- tal Park Commission. under the chief of engineers of the Unfted States Army; relating to the water supply. | reclamation and river and harbor im- | provement at the National Capital; he Highway Commission of the Dis- rict of Columbia as to highway de- velopment: the Arlington Memorial Bridge Commission. as to park and highway development in their purview Hit- 1o the favorable influences that have |and the architect of the Capitol as to and from South the development of the Capitol grounds. “The membership of the above nam- ed committee,” sald Col. Sherrill. “is largely officials of the Government for the District of Columbia, and the pur- | pose of the committee is to co-ordinate and to bring into harmony the plan- ning activities now carried on by the above named agencies. each of which is working for the development of Washington along its particular line. For 125 years Washington has been without any comprehensive plan of de- velopment except for the original plan prepared by Maj. L'Enafant under the direction of President YWashington and Thomas Jefferson, and aleo excepting the plan for the development of the park system of the National Capital made In 1901 by the MacMillan Park Commission. There have been plans for carr ing out the various different parts of the development, such, for in- stance, as the highway plan, which has done such splendid service; but none of these plans has been com- prehensive and complete in bringing together all the different planning activities into one co-ordinated and corelated whole. The planning now being created, as it represents all the executive agencies engaged on the various developments of city and park planning, will be in\a position without additional expense to the Gov- ernment or to the municipality, to co-ordinate all planning and develop- ment activities DUKE ADDS $2,000,000. Makes Total Gift to University DURHAM, C.. June 9 (#).—An additional gift by James B. Duke, to- magnate, of $2,000,000 for the building fund of Duke University, was announced today by President R. P. Few of the institution, at a gathering here of alumni at their ‘annual luncheon. ‘The gift increases the building fund previously created by Mr. Duke for the university from $6,000,000 to $8.,000,000. Among the fineries by the of Ttaly is Dowager Quesa @ lace handkerchlef valued at $30,000. The commission tells the apurt that | 153. | the valuation of overheads and in tangibles. Followed Practice. Proper allowance was made for | crease in stations established by the | the | the valuation sought by the company | the commission, | as asserted in the company’s petition. | | court upholds the rates established by ! his experience as an authority on | Attorney General Is Sole Master Of White House Attorney General Bargent, dur- ing the absence of President and Mrs. Coolidge, is master of the White Hous The Attorney General is the sole occupant of the big old mansion, with the exception of the attend- ants and servants, and will re main so until tomorrow morning. Wwhen his distinguished host and hostess return from their Minne sota tri Mr. Sargent and his wife took up their temporary residence at the ' White Houge more than a | month ago. The latter returned to their Vermont home a week ago. | and. with her and the President and Mrs. Coolidge away. | ney General has heen what might be termed a White House bachelor's hall. To prevent | himseif from getting too lonely he has had friends in for meals and for the evening several times. CITY HEADS WANT TIDAL BASIN BEACH REOPENED AT ONCE it seems to me to be desirable to cre- ate at least two others, one in the vicinity of Howard University, and one perhaps on the site of the reser- voir “on Sixteenth strest. These two would be operated as artificial beaches or as large pools accommodating sev eral hundred swimmers at a time. “It_will obviously be impossible to secure an artificial bathing beach of suficlent capacity to replace the Tidal Basin where seven or eight thousand white people have been in the habit of hehing daily in the hot and similarly no artificial beach could {be operated that would replace the one used by the colored people at {Jones Point. This is the oniv place that 1 know of where large numbers of colored bathers can be taken care of | comfortably and satisfactorily. | “If. afier considering the facis, the | Advisory Council feels that it would ibe advisable to open the Tidal Basin bathing beach this Summer and the beach for the colored people at Jones Point, it is suggested that a communication be addressed to the chairmen of the District committees of the Senate and House and the chairmen of the appropriations commitiees of the Senate and House reciting to each of them the condi- tions making neceksary such action and requesting their views as to the action to be taken in view of the {above-mentioned legislation.” | Believe Use Is All Right. \ | Members of the Senate in Wash- lington today expressed the opinion |that Congress would not frown wpon the Tidal Basin for public bathing this Summer if funds for its pro operation are provided by the citi- {zens of Washington Senator Sheppard of Texas. mem ber of the Senate District committee said that first the legality of such | operation of the old bathing beach | should be carefully looked into. He suggested that the opinion of the corporation counsel and the Attorneyv General might be obtained and that it might be advisable to get authority ;from the President to handle the matter “‘Personally. 1 should be glad 1o | see the bathing beach. which was used in the past in the Tidal Basin, made use of again under proper regulation,” said Senator Sheppard. | Senator Harris of Georgia took much the same view of the proposal. the Congress did not wish to deprive the people of Washington of open Lair bathing facilities when it failed to make the appropriation to continue the operation of the hathing beach at | its last session. If the people here| desiring to use the heach and to have others use It will put up the | money nd can obtain the proper ! authority for its operation. it is not | believed that Congress will object. Legislation at the next session of Congress to restore the Tidal Basin | bathing beach permanently and 1o provide for a similar beach for the | colored people at some point on the |river other than at the Tidal Basin ! was forecast at @ meering of the Citi- | zens' Advisory Council vesterday aft- ernoon. | Representative Zihiman, who is to be chalrman of the next District com- | mittee, and Representative Blanton at- tended the conference. voiced their de- sire o help provide adequate bathing facilities for Washington and said they would foster a measure at the next session to bring this about. Col. Clarence O. Sherrill. who supervised the bathing beach, also attended. There was some discussion of the possibility of getting the Tidal Basin beach back into service immedistely in order to give the people relief from the heat this Summer, but no definite conclusions were reached Col. Sherrill said that while the bath ing lockers and some of the plumbing fixtures have already been removed the place could be put back into con dition for operation for $1,500. The colonel explained that until re cently he had been under the impres sion that the appropriation for the dis- mantling of the Tidal Basin beach had to be spent within the fiscal vear 1925. but that a study of the second deficiency act revealed that the money for the removal of the heach wouid not be available until June, 1925. May Stop Dismantling. In view of this fact. Col. Sherrill said. the work of dismantling coull be stopped and the beach left as it is until next Winter to give Congress an opportunity to pass on the new proposal to re-establish the beach per- manently. Col. Sherrill told the council that yesterday morning he inspected a stretch of river front east of Wash- ington Barracks, near Jones Ioint, which would be a desirable location a8 a beach for colored people. In discussing the possibility of open- ing the 'Tidal Basin immediately for the present Summer, Col. Sherrill said the largest item of expense would be for chlorinating the water, which money would have to be raised private subscription. ‘The discussion closed with tl:2 ques- tion of whether the beach could he jopened this Summer on private sub- | scription still in doubt. Col. Sherrill told the council he us satisfled bathing in the Tidal Dasin was perfectly safe from a health standpoint, provided the water is thoroughly chlorinated. { MEXICO CITY, June 8 (#)—The Mexican government, it is officially re- ported, has saved 36,000,000 pesos of the 50,000,000 intended for the estab- lishment of a sole bank of issue. After the bank is inaugurated, it is stated, the government will contem- plate resumption of interest payment on the foreign debt, and also the agra- rian debt.\ ISR L e White Slave Pact Favored. TOKIO, June 9 (#).—The Japanese cabinet today voted to ratify the League of Nationas white slave proto- col of 1921, with two reservations. The first reservation is that all mandate islands and territories be excluded from thé protocal: the second is that the age limit mentioned in the pact whould he 18 vears instead of 21, thereby cenforming to Japanese laws. | weather, | also | the use of the old bathinz beach in | The fteeling of the Senators was that | MEXICO NEAR BANK GOAL.| PRESIDENT' PARTY SENROUTE HOVE Reception at St. Paul Held After Busy Day at Minne- sota Fair Grounds. By the Associated Press PRESIDENT COOLIDGE'S TRAIN |EX ROUTE TO WASHINGTON NEAR MADISON, Wi 2 | Somewhat wearied by their strenuous |day in the Twin Cities of Minnesots June |whera the President ook part terdsy in the Norss-American cenien nial bration, Mr. and Mrs. Cool idge spent a restful night on the fire: 1ap of thair {will be return trip. Washington reached Wednesday morning | Returning 1o their train in the Union Station vards after the recep tion held at the State Capitol in St Paul, Mr. and Mrs. Coolidge retired by 10 o'clock last night, more than an hour before departure of the | The downward drop in temperaziure made for a comfortable night Mr. and Mrs. Coolidgze ing broadly as th passed last crowd of the day at the station nd though weary both were apparent] pleased at the reception. The Pre were smil the dent xeemed none the worse for |two-hour visit 1o the State | srounds. where. on n open he participated in the cente celebration during rain a {atorm. speaking for more thar minutes. Despite the severe elo ments. the huge crowd was {tentive throughout Stop With Kelloggs. Before going to the fair grounds IMr. and Mrs. Coolidge drove | Minneapolis, where they were gue of the board of directors of | Norse-American centennia 1 |eon. They spent the night the home of Secretary and Mrs. Kellogs Mr. Kellogg and other members of the party who aceompaniea the Pres ident to St. Paul are making he re- turn trip. In his address vesterday the Presi dent, after praising the ha Sea dinavian immigrants who helped de velop the Northwest. held np the American melting pot for the world “If fraternity and co-operation are 1 possible on the acale of this continen as an example among people <o widely diverse. wh not on the scale of a world?" he | askea | “I am convinced thai our national story might somewhat help 1o guide mankind toward such a goal { The President told his audience {that. in the midst of “lovalties that are all bevond possibility of question it was “difficult to choose among the many national and racial groupe that | have sought out America their { home and their country | “We are thankful for all of the; iand yet more thankful that the ex | periment of their common citizenship | has been so magnificently fied lits results.” he said. “If wer | seeking proof of a basic brotherhond {among all races of men, if one were tor one {to challenge the riddle of Babel in | support of aspirations for a unit {capable of assuring peace to the na { tions, in such an imquiry | suppose ino better testimony could he taker Ithan the experience of this countr i Spiritual Union Evolved. ! “Out of the confusion of tongues the conflict of traditions, the vari vast < there union {tions of historical seiting, {differences in talents and rast {has been evolved a spiritual |accompanied by a ranze of capaci and genius which marks this Natic {for a pre-eminent destiny. The Ame ican people have commanded the re | spect of the world ! “It ix not so many years since {visitors from other quarters of the {world were wont to contemplate our nd inter ominousl concourse of races, origins nd shake their hea feared that from such a melti pot of diverse elements twe cou never draw the tesied, tempered me that is the only substance for nationa character. Even among o= jwere many who listened with serious |concern to such forebodin The were not quite sure whether w created a nation with the sou nation. They wondered if perhaps we had merely brought together a larse {number of people in « larze place { “Had these misgivings been justi- |fied when the hour of trial came | Would Bave meant disaster i us ito the world. But instead of crum {ling into a chaos of discordant ele- | ments, America proved its truly {national unity. 1t demonstrated coi- {clusively that there is @ spiritual quality shared by all races and cor | ditfons of men which is their uni- | versal heritage and common naturs { Powerful enough to hold this people to a high ideal in time of suprems {trial. why may we not hope that ihe |same influence will at length reach {men and women wherever they are {found on aarth?” Praises Scandinavians. President Coolidge praised Scandinavian immigrants for their contribution to American life. hur made no direct reference to presen day immigration problema which prompted Congress to enact the law the designed to limit the flow of aliens from south FKEurope and encourage iramigration from countries in the northern part of the continent Recalling that just 100 years azo a group of persons set out from Norway on the 45-ton sloop Restau rationen as the first organized party of immigrants from that country, th. President said that “Minnesota would not be Minnesota, the group of im perial Northwestern States would not be what they are. but for the contribution that has been made 1o them by the Scandinavian countries During the period from 1815 (o 1548 Mr. Coolidge asserted, immigration from northern and western Europe not only built the United States “Into numbers, wealth and authority in the world, but had a tremendous reflex on Europe.’” “But for American example and in- fluence,” he added, “the democratic moyements of 1832 and 1848 in Burope might haye been long postponed. The broadly democratic evolution which swaved Europe so greatly in the lat | ter halt of the nineteenth centur: | might have falled entirely.” Helped Abolish Siavery. Immigration from north and rope gave ‘‘constant encourage ment there to liberal thought and ac tlon,” he said, “and in this country h; gradually giving the North a great preponderance in numbers, hastened the downfall of slaverv. ‘‘America with all that it represents of hope in the world," the President told his audience. “is now and will be what you make it. Its institutions of religious liberty, of educational and economic opportunity, of constitutional rights, of integrity of the law, are the most precious possessions of the hu- man_race. west “These do not emanate from the Government. Their abiding place is with the- people. They come from the consecration of the father, 1 love of the mother and the devotion of the children. They are the product of that honest, earnest and tireless of fort that goes into the rearing of the family altar and the home of our countr making of the