Evening Star Newspaper, May 28, 1925, Page 6

G THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. .. May 28, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: . 11th St. and Pannaylvanis Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Office’ Tower Building. Zuropean Oftice: 16 Rexent St.. London. England. fhe Evening Star. with the Sunday morn Ing edition, is delivered Ly carriers withi the city at'€0 cents per month: dally only. 43 cents per mont Sunday only, 20 cents gr month. Orde: he sent by mall or lephone Maln 5000. Collection 1s made by carrier at the end of each month. Rate by Mall—Payable In Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Y, il o Susdey. .1 70, g2 8unday only 1yr. $2.4 All Other States. Bajiy and Sunday...1yr. $10.00: 1 mo. iT only 1 7. Bunday only 3 Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclysively entil o the use for republication of all news Patchen cradited to it or not otherwiss cre d in th per and also the lo o £ publica hereln also resery. Law and Volunteer Diplomacy. Representative Hamilton Fish of New York proposes the Invocation of an old statute to punish the “volun- teer diplomats” who have been re- cently making unauthorized comments in Paris and elsewhere upon the American debt-collection policy. This statute is known as the Logan act, passed when Benjamin Franklin was Minister to France. It Is section 5 ©of the United States Criminal Code of 1800. It provides that any American who without authority communicates directly or indirectly with any foreign officlals with an intent to influence or defeat the policies of the United States shall be fined $5,000 and imprisoned not more than three years. Its enact- ment was due to difficulties encoun- tered by Benjamin Franklin in France in securing aid from the French gov- ernment because of the interference ©f certain of his fellow citizens in his diplomatic work. A specific case is cited by . Repre- sentative Fish. A certailn New York banker, in a speech before the Inter- allled Club in Paris, in the presence of Premier Palinleve, said: If at times you hear words that of- fend you, you will always put it down &s the fact that they do not come from the soul of the American people, but from the politicians, who do not repre- ®ent the Natlon. This is unquestionably an attempted interference and an unauthortzed com munication indirectly with a forelgt official, “with an intent to influence o1 defeat the policies of the United States.” But it Is doubtful whether action will be taken. Probably the banker was totally unaware of the statute. Very few people indeed have eny knowledge of such a law. Of course, ignorance of the law is no de fense and does not justify its infrac- tion. But the case nevertheless hard- ly warrants prosecution. Repudiation of this banker's mes- sage to the French people, and {ndi- rectly to the French government, has already been effected. It has been demonstrated that he does not speak for the “‘soul of the American people,” and, indeed, his speech has proved actually helpful rather than harmful to the execution of the policies of this Government. Representative Fish has rendered a service by citing the old law, even though his proposal for its invocation to punish a detractor of this Government may not be adopted. Organized Thuggery. Yesterday in New York ‘“strong- arm” methods were applied in & war between the garment makers, who are in a perpetual state of strife in that city. A loft building containing seven dress factories, three of which are con- ducted as union shops and four as non-union, was visited by e band of young “guerillas,” armed with paper- wrapped lead pipes, three of the four non-union shops were raided and the employes were beaten severely. Seven of the workers were 50 seriously in- Jured as to require hospital treatment. A police call was sounded and five of the raiders were rounded up before the gang could mingle with the crowd and all escape. This is @ return to a state of war- fare that was practiced a few years ego. Rival organizations of employers used to hire professional gangsters und meke attacks by proxy. These gangs were open to the highest bid- ders for their services. Gang feuds developed, as trade rivalries became keen. Murders were committed be- Pause gangs trespadsed upon the fields of their competitors. That the men ‘who made yesterday's rald were pro- fessionals, in the sense that they took on the job for pay, is hardly to be doubted, in view of the records of past performances, Prosecution of these gangsters is @iffiqult, because of the protection that is afforded them. In few in- stances, save where the gangmen have turned upon one another and commit- ted murder, have any of them been brought to book for thelr crimes. Some sinister influence has shielded them in ®lmost every case, Yesterday's raid was a flagrant de- flance of the law. It remains now to be scen whether conditions have bet- tered sufficfently to bring about a suc- cessful prosecution, with perhaps dis- closure of the persons who hired the thugs and their punishment in turn. In view of local climatic conditions an Arctic expiorer might be pardoned for delaying his return trip. Hylan Feels the Strain. Mayor Hylan, in his candidacy for renomtnation, is finding himself being hemmed in by his opponents, both within and outside of his own party. the Democrats to the point of holding a conference of their own for the pur- pose of constdering the hest means of heading off Hylan from any kind of nomination or candidacy in order that a Democratic candidate may be offered in a straightout party fight with no side issues. And still another confer- ence was held by the Citizens’ Union to promote a conference of all parties in case Hylan gets another indorse- ment from Tammany. Thus there is a Republican move for a straightout party candidacy, there is & Democratic move for the elimination of Hyian, and there s & Citizens' Unlon move for fusion In case Hylan is not eliminated by the Democratic organization. Everything depends upon Tam- many's action. If Hylan is turned down by the “Hall” he may run for mayor as an independent, in which case the Republicans will probably either make a strong bid to dictate & fusion nominee or will run & straight- out party man in the, hope of electing him through the Democratic split. The Citizens' Union would like to have a fusion in any case. So the situation is extremely com- plicated, and Mayor Hylan shows the effect of the strain in his bulletins and proclamations, which describe the party opposition to him as a “political Coxey's army” and berate the “inter- ests” as seeking to dictate the selec- tion of & mayor. It would seem in all the circumstances that the Republican position is really the strongest. But it all depends upon the persistence of Mayor Hylan's determination to run again, or perhaps the persistence of his political backer to make him run. Surplus Ships to Be Scrapped. The United States Shipping Board, under the leadership of Chatrman O'Connor, has wisely determined upon a policy of scrapping the surplus Gov- ernment merchant vessels which are needed nefther for national defense nor for American commerce. For years these vessels have been lald up in rivers and harbors of the country. There they would have remained until they dropped to pleces in all proba- bility unless some affirmative action Yesterday he emitted an outburst which plainly indicated that he feels alarmed by the steadily increasing pressure. Last Tuesday night the New York City Republicans selected Charles D. ‘Hilles, national Republican committee- man for the State, to direct the party in the coming municipal cam- paign, and evidenced complete har- mony among the leaders in taking this first step toward an active fight for the mayoralty. This action stirred such as that of the Shipping Board yesterday were taken. The scrapping of these vessels, ob- tained at a huge cost during the war- time emergency, should be a warning to the American people. Because the merchant marine had been neglected for many years, and the business of carrying American commerce overseas had been delegated to foreign mari- time nations, when the emergency arose this country was greatly handi- capped. Ships were needed both for our commerce and for national de- fense. Billions of dollars were goured out in a desperate rush to obtaln the fleet. Mistakes were made, prices of material, labor and the “know how" were enormous. In the end, the United States found itself the owner of a more or less misfit overseas fleet. The wooden vessels were disposed of long ago. Now the board is engaged in ‘weeding out the steel ships which are not fitted for our commerce, and which cannot be sold even for the coastwise trade. The United States must take care that it is never again caught in a case similar to that of 1914, when the war broke out in Europe and our commerce suffered for lack of ships, and in similar case to that of 1918, when we entered the war and we lacked the ships vitally necessary to ald in the national defense. A per- manent, well balanced merchant ma- rine is essential. The United States does not take the position that all its commerce must be carried in American bottoms, but it does main- tain that a fair share of that com- merce muet be so carried. Americans are not on the sea to run other na- tions off. But they do not intend to be run off themselves. The Shipping Board undoubtedly will scrap more than the 200 ships agreed upon yesterday, probably double that number, or even more. But it would be an error, a most un- fortunate error, if this process of elimination of useless ships were construed either here or abroad as an abandonment of the overseas merchant marine. The hope is that a better, stronger and more efficient merchant marfne will be developed; that new ships eventually will re- place those now in use, better in type for trade and defense. The merchant fleet today under the direction of the Fleet Corporation is making steady improvement, be- coming more and more efficient and is really carrying a very comsiderable part of the commerce of this country. There {8 much to encourage Ameri- can shipping men in the hope that eventually a strong, privately owned merchant marine flying the American flag will be developed. ——ar——————— Soldiers who paraded before Von Hindenburg may have accomplished no more than to convince the old general that the goose step no longer means anything. The Hawallan Islands observe with interest a Japanese inclination to come East and grow up with the country. Is Tax Publicity Worth While? The decision by the Supreme Court that newspaper publication of the names of income tax payers and the amounts pald by them is lawful does not deal with the question of the pro- priety or the justice of publicity in respect to the amounts pald by indi- viduals. That question, says the court, is for Congress alone to de- termine. Undoubtedly the matter will be re- opened at the next session of Con- gress. The publication last Fall of names and tax amounts was the first ‘under the law and caused e decided reaction of public opinion. Had the meaning of the statute not been then in question and brought to the court for decision the matter would probably have been debated in Congress at the last session, with a strong advocacy of the repeal of the publicity clause. It was felt, however, that the que: tion should be left for judicial determi- nation before proceeding, as a decision was likely to be rendered during the recess. Now that the decision bas been THE EVENING rendered and the effect of the law has been definitely established, Con- gress will at the next session, which is without calendar limit, take up anew the question of whether income tax payments shall be spread before the world. The publications last Fall were in- complete and selcctive. It was not a complete showing of the income tax payers and the amounts paid by them. A complete publication of the names and amounts would indeed be impracticable, almost typographcally impossible. In any circumstances, with all doubt removed, and with the right of publication fully established, it is not to be expected that any news- paper will ever attempt to print the complete roster of the taxpayers within its fleld. Selection must be made, and selection will not be neces- sarfly guided by the amounts paid, with an arbitrary line of discrimina- tion. Individvals will always be picked out for publicity, elther for the large sums or the small sums which they pay the United States. This fact that publicity of income tax payments cannot be complete, and that discrimination is certain to be exercised, will doubtless have a bear- ing upon the case when Congress comes to consider anew the question of the righteousness and the need and the value of an exposure of the rec- ords to public Inspection, and conse- quently to newspaper publication. It is contended that no good end is accomplished by publication, that the Government is not aided in the collection of its revenues thereby, that publicity merely satisfies public curl- osity, without promoting a more hon- est return. The publicity effected last Fall has not, in short, been worth the cost. * ——o——s Soviet Russia has a certain linger- ing regard for Trotsky owing, appar- ently, to his long association with the genuinely influential Lenin. —_————— The theory of evolution affords Col. Bryan another opportunity for his well recognized gifts for the practice of elocution. ———————— More modern ideas as to costume have been found desirable for pur- poses of presentation at the English court. However, it will be a long time before London is as liberal in such matters as Atlantic City. ————— In late May, when e foretaste of warm weather is expected, Washing- ton has rather overdone itself in the effort to retain its reputation as a cool and bracing Summer resort. —————— Garmany and France .may yet be persuaded to pay off new deots instead of cld scores. e Such is the remarkable influence of Henry Ford that he found no dif- ficulty whatever in securing parking space in Wall street. e Canada, once poetically referred to as “our lady of the snows,” appears to have interested herself in prosaic profit and, equipped with a bung- starter, to be ready to preside over the refrigerator as the barmaid of the ‘Western Hemisphere. ——————— ‘While Col. Bryan interests himself in evolution, Florida must be patient in facing the possibility of a slight lull in real estate. ———————— United States Senators would be less willing to filibuster if the audience were composed of constituents instead of a few patient though inattentive fellow Senators. —————— Students of evolution find difficulty in making clear the widely accepted opinion that the monkey is not a direct ancestor, but only a poor relation. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Evolution. I really don’t object to evolution, ‘Though many folks regard it with a frown. To me it seems a noble institution Designed to lift the lowly to renown. My one regret 18 the ancestral bungle Arising from a lack of legal skill. No doubt I'd be the owner of a jungle If Grandpa Monk had only made a wil! An Advocate of Change. “Do vou think the Senate rules ought to be changed?” “Of course I do,” answered Senator Sorghum. “If a great statesman feels consclentiously disposed to filibuster there ought to be some way of his doing it without tiring his voice out.” The Gentle Springtime. The gentle Springtime was & merry season That used to bring contentment to the soul; But now it merely offers us a reason For ordering in another ton of coal. Jud Tunkins says he's goin’ to read his Bible regular, as usual, but he ‘won't tell nobody, for fear of starting an argument. Hard Analysis. “Would you marry a man~ for money?” “No,” answered Miss .Cayenne. “Even it I were a cold and mercenary person, I should not think of such e thing. My reading of the current news has convinced me that one of the most difficult ways of inducing a man to part with money is to be mar- ried to him.” ‘The Wilderness. “'Oh, for a lodge in some vast wilder- ness - Where I could wander from the morn till dark, And never fear & moment of distress Because of any lack of space to park. “Human peture won't change,” said Uncle Eben, “an’ dar ain’t anybody on earth influential enough to make economy stylish.” Another aid to longevity is a little closer attention to brake Nnings.— Baltimore Evening EI? STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €, THURSDAY THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Watching the neighbors is an inno- cent recreatioa which has more dev- otees, one suspects, than is com- monly admitted. Women are more addicted to it than men, although the latter are easily enough led, being humén beings, too, I believe. Show me the woman who does not enjoy looking out the window while the people across the street move, and I will show you the large lady who glared at me all the way down town in the bus because I would not get up and give her my seat! Real women folks, however, will let the beans burn any time in order to see what is going on in the little world just outside the door. (Simi- larly, T may add, they will accept the fact of standing, in a public vehicle, look the other way and think nothing more about it.) The little world of neighbors inter- ests because these are the people, whether one knows them all or not, with whom one lives daily. They are the same sort of folks who live across town, about whom we never bother, but these living close to us become more interesting to us. In the last analysis, every person orfents the world from himsel’. To those of us who live in Washington London is across the sea, while, if we lived in London, the cities would be reversed, and it would be Washing- ton which would be the city across the ocean. It is not 2o much where places are, as where we are, that counts—for us. Therefore, it seems to me, the desire to be international is lauda- ble but futile. The people in my block interest me more than those in the next block. 'wo blocks removed, and my sym- pathies wane: six blocks, “and they are attenuated: across city, they al- most vanish; across the country, they become theoretical; overseas, thgy disappear. A great newspaper publisher, when asked the secret of his success, Te- plied: “Do you see that drug store over there? If it burned down, and on the same day we received news of a famine in China, we would give the fire a column, and the famine a paragraph.’ He knew the fundamental interest of humanity in neighbors. ® ok k% We cannot escape from the fact, therefore, it we would, that the neigh- bors interest us. Broadly speaking, those among whom we live are divided into three classes: 1. Those we know, and like. 2. Those we know, and do not like. 3. Those we do not know. When we see Tom Jones, who be- longs to the first class, entering his back yard before breakfast, bearing an enormous can, our household sits up and takes notice, as the saying is. “What do you suppose Mr. Jones has in that big can?’ some one in- quires. “Must hold 10 gallons,” adds other, missing the capacity by actly 5 gallons. “T'll bet he is going to paint comes the rejoiner. “You never saw roof paint in e can like that. “Well, what can it be, then?" In the meantime, Jones has walked down his path to the porch, and has disappeared into the house, leaning to one side, as he went, under the weight of the big can. Later in the day, meeting Jones, we learn that the can contained gasoline, with which Mrs. Jones plans to clean her curtains. So the mystery is solved! * X% x The neighbors’ new clothes, their an- ex- his children, their dogs, their purchases and their movings—these are some of the topics that interest vs. The women, of course, are more in- terested in the so-called “glad rags.” When Mrs. Manderville Huntington Manners appears in a dress distinctly a la_mode, every eye follows her. “Come look at Mrs. Manners in her new dress!” “Now don't pull the curtain aside to look—you can see her without doing that. ‘Besides, it makes them sag.” “Pretty snappy."” “I do not think she looks as well in it as in that blue dress she wore last week.” “Bet it,cost her husband a pretty penny.” “Sometimes you can pick up a dress like that comparatively cheap.” So it goes. * %k ¥ % The criticisms of the second class we will pass up here, since such dis cussions are usually based upon lack of knowledge, ignorance, to use a short and ugly word. “Lie," for instance, is not the only short, ugly word in the dictionary, al- though it Is given that position. Our language is full of these short, ugly words, expressed with all the vigor of our ancestors. The word “ignorance” is mnot so short, and perhaps not so ugly, but it gets there just the same. In relation to our neighbors for whom we have Do particular liking, it mayhap fits the Perhaps |1t we could know them better, we would come to like them better, and thus frge ourselves from ugly habit of“criticizing them. Let none assume a self-righteous pose, we all live in glass houses, when it comes to this matter, and a lifting of the curtain would show us in many ridiculous postures. Perhaps the greatest fun in watch- ing the neighbors comes with those whom we do not know. Here we are not obsessed by friendship, or any taint of ill will. These neighbors simply put on daily shows for our benefit, and we occupy grandstand seats. Some of them would be tremen- dously astonished if they knew our names for them. “The Man That Goes Along at 7 o'Clock™ serves as a cheap, effective and correct time- plece. He is never late, he i3 never early, he never requires any wind- ing up. We do not have to take him to a Jeweler, or buy him a new maln- spring, but he keeps us informed of the hour as correctly as if he were some wonderful new walking clock Invented by Father Time himself, and run by our house especially for our benefit. ,Then there is “The Woman Who Comes Home at 6 o'Clock.” She i even more punctual than the early morning gentleman, and serves the very useful purpose of marking the time to begin to get dinner. Moving time" always finds the grandstand full. Certainly moving displays one's belongings in their worst light. Furniture that appeared very nice indoors suddenly shows up every scratch as it stands huddled on the sidewalk preparatory to being placed in the van. Why do moving-men find it neces- sary to stand all one’s household goods on the sidewalk and lawn? No doubt they have good reasons for doing it, but the procedure is try- ing upon the good housewife, although undoubtedly edifying to the neigh- bors. The neighbors, it must be remem- bered, watch our comings and goings much in the same way that we watch theirs. We do not resent it. We have our turn! Estimates of Amy Lowell Give Rank as Pioneer Since the death of Amy Lowell, the apostle of free verse and a leader of the modern school of poetry, es- timates of her contributions to liter- ature show widespread appreciation of her work, both as a poet and as a writer of one of the world's great biographies. Her study of John Keats is recognized as inspired and she is applauded as one who vitalized cre- ative writing. “If Amy Lowell had died before giving to the world her monumental blography of Keats,” says the At- lanta Journal, “‘she would still be re- membered as among America’s fore- most women of letters. Keenly crit- ical, she possessed also a genius for poetic craftsmanship that produced singularly charming verse. What- ever may be saild of her polemics of vers libre (and to our way of thinking, her steel deserved a better cause), there is no denying the subtle music of her own cadences or the skilled hand behind her word etch- ings.” A further tribute to the distinction of her work is given by the Hartford Times. “As a poet and critic,” the Times observes, “Miss Lowell will remain a significant and compelling figure. Her life of John Keats, com- pleted only a few weeks hefore her death, is an honest and inspired pen- etration into the soul of a much mis- understood and falsely condemned man. Her translations from the Chi- nese make a distinct contribution to the world's scholarship. Her original poetry fs, at its best, among the finest and most moving and most vivid poetical literature. * ok ok % The breadth of her work is pointed out by several critics. “She represented scholarship and tradition,” in the opin- fon of the Chicago Daily News, which continues: “Even in presenting a scholarly subject, as in her biography of John Keats, she proved herself able to combine journalism with erudition, and to leave no angle of human inter- est unexploited.” The Los Angeles Times also emphasizes the fact that “she afforded the exhibition of a sin- gular anomaly in that, while she was a deep student of literature, one who made the most laborious researches, she had the temperament of a blithe, carefree skylark, singing for the sake of gong.” The broad field that she touched with her genius also is recog- nized by the Erie Dispatch-Herald, with the comment. ot only has the country lost a great poet, but a fear- less critic of both our literary and so- clal lite.” “No more delicate touch or greater appreciation of beauty existed among our cotemporary poets,” declares the Cincinnati Times-Star, 'She could write lines of fairy tracery. A woman of great wealth and energy, Miss Low- ell used her ‘leisure’ in the develop- ment of the new poetry, meanwhile writing many beautiful things in the meter of the old.” The Reading Trib- une adds: ‘‘She will go down in his- tory as the writer of emotional verse possesing charm and excellence of ex- pression.” Miss Lowell's position of leadership is acknowledged by the San Francisco, Bulletin. She was “the mother of mod- ern American verse,” according to the Jjudgment of the Bulletin, “and it was with material pride and fostering care she watched it grow into a Justy, even though not a speclally lyrical man- hood. Some of her free verse is as beautiful as one could wish, and as proving that she was a poet she now and then accepted the limitations of traditional poetry and wrote beati- The St. Paul Dispatch adds he lent the new poetic the au- thority of her own tradition and claim- ed for it a serious attention which, ship, it might have lacked for a much longer period.” “Her unquestionably great services to the cause of poetry were invaluable and will long remain an inspiring memory,” says the New York Herald- Tribune. “If her contribution to the art can be estimated so soon after her death, it was in her success in breaking down many artificial rules that had come to be considered essen- tial; thus she served as one of the liberators of the generations of poets that are to come,” declares the Balti- more Evening Sun. * ok ok x ‘“‘Aside from the reasoned chaos of her chosen fields in poetry,” the Prov- idence Journal suggests, “‘there were her sane critical pronouncements to gulde young thought and young en- deavor. Her energetic presence in the van of modern pioneers has served greatly to alter and vitalize the course of creative writing in the New World, and has measurably affected recent European trends as well.” “She was undoubtedly the leader and inspiration of the modernists of verse,” the Akron Beacon-Journal be- lieves. “A vigorous, positive and ploneering force” is the judgment of the Knoxville Sentinel. “The result showed,” says the Syracuse Herald, when high standards work in con- sonance with consummate skill.” Appreciation of the splendid work done by Miss Lowell on her biography of Keats is universal. *“No less a monument to the English poet than to the American biographer,” thinks the New York Evening World. *“An eminent contribution to biography. says the Albany Evening News. “De: tined to take its place among the really great biographies,” states the Newark News. “The future cannot be kinder to her, should it give her a biogranher as understanding and as sympathetic as herself,” concludes the Louisville Courier-Journal. Sight Seeing Bus Guides In Need of Censorship To the Editor of The Stas I am glad that the Southwest Citl- zens' Association has made complais about the remarks of ‘“sight-seeing’ guides, and that yvou have dignified the matter by editorial comment. I have lived here for 50 years. I know something about the eity. I have had a frequent desire to aug- ment my knowledge by a trip or two on sight-seelng busses. But I have passed up the desire since I took another trip last year to Buffalo and Toronto and used their sight.seeing busses. Practically nothing of value was learned on those trips, the guides spending most of thelr gas on com- ments about the bus chauffeur’s high- living at hotels, bootlegging habits and such rot, mixed with names of numerous millionaires who owned or occupied certain houses on the route. I don’t remember thé name of one of them. (The bum jokes appeared to be practically’ the same in both-men- tioned cities.) I carry simply the memory of the yarns, some of which failed utterly to provoke mirth. I knew more about those cities’ histor. ical value, etc., than the “guides” ex. hibited. From the reports of persons using Washington sight-seeing busses and from what I have overheard as they passed, I am convinced that a vast quantity of misinformation and some lies are given visitors in return mgofln:nm:-nnv? for their money, a swindle in part and an exceedingly bad influence in determining the relations of the Dis- trict of Columbia with the rest of the Nation. These guides’ stories need o CRPr MAY 28, 1925. THE NORTH WINDOW By Leila Mechlin. ] This is Memorial week. Naturally, therefore, one's thought turns to the subject of monuments erected as permanent memorials of the Great War. Only seven years have passed since the signing of the armistice, yet up to the present time the num- ber of the really notable memorials erected in this country is not great. Probably the most costly and pre- tentious of all which have yet come into existence is that designed by H. Van Buren Magonigle for Kansas City, which is still in process of erec- tion. This, it will be remembered, is a combination of architecture and sculpture, and has as its chief feature a tall shaft surmounted by a tripod ascending from which by day will be a column of smoke representing the incense of sacrifice, and by night a c;)lumn of light, typifying glorifica- tion. There have, of course, been num- erous memorials designed and erected, ome by our sculptors, others by our ,rrhllecls, but up to the present time 1o supreme example of memorial art seems to have come into existence called, as it were, from the depths of emotion, which the soulstirring years of the Great War brought forth. Perhaps this is well; possibly it may mean greater result in the future. Our Government has created, as every one knows, a commission, headed by Gen. Pershing, to assume charge of the erection of suitable memorials to our American Army on European bat- tlefields or in American cemeteries abroad. Some of these will take the form of chapels, thus empl the spiritual quality of these fices, A e In a discussion of this subject at t} recent convention of the Americ Federation of Arts in Cleveland, Fred- eric Allen Whiting, director of the Cleveland Museum of Art, said that the most beautiful memorial which he saw in his travels in Europe last Sum- mer took the form of a chapel, which had been bullt adjacent to or as a part of the great Cathedral ut Canterbury. ‘This cathedral has in it, as the ma- jority of travelers know, & number of tablets memorializing those who have rendered great service to their coun- try. Among these is one inscribed to an officer of the army, and the inscrip- tion not only commemorates the sol- dier’s deeds, but sets forth what may well be regarded as a standard of man- hood, thus serving for all time as the embodiment of the ideal, & stimulus to like conduct. In the course of the discussion pre- viously reférred to, Albert Kelsey, ar- chitect, with Paul Cret, of the Pan- American Union’s beautiful building in this city, made mention of a me- morial seen in Europe a few years ago which haunted his memor: the work of a Polish artist—n huge sculptured group representing a num- ber of soldlers storming a height—a ghastly theme, but so lofty in con- ception, 8o fine in_execution, so deep- ly impregnated with religious feeling that it was beautiful and could not fail to impress all who saw it. It is this spiritual quality which all war memorials should possess, * X * ¥ “Art is shy,” said C. Lewis Hind in a recent letter from London to the Outlook, adding: “A work of art should be looked at in silence; we may ask ourselves if it helps us to live; we may hope that it will illumine the grayness that may be our lot. Art lives in the memory, How many times since I saw them last week have I de- rived consolation and encouragement ‘rom two works, “The Entombment’ of Michelangelo and ‘The Raising of Lazarus,’ by Jan Lyvyn This is an understanding attitude toward art, but one which is not frequently taken today, particularly in this country of practical-minded, ‘energetic folk, who demand a use for everything — bold- ness, self-consciousness; shyness is es- sentially out of date. Philadelphia has lately been indulg- ing in an Art week, when 1,400 paint- ings by well known artists were dis- played in numerous shop windows on all of its leading business thorough- fares, and in most Instances, accord- ing to report, they appeared to ad- vantage. Art which would stand this test can scarcely be described as sh; neither do we find shyness the char- acteristic_of cotemporary art exhi- bitions. Modern art is essentially pro- nounced in its utterance; it delivers its message with a single blow, some- times bellowing it forth as from full lungs. Possibly if it did not take this course it would fail of observation. But such was not the characteristic of art in earlier times. The art of Fra Angelico and of the great masters of his day was essentially shy. Thelr message is reserved for those who linger. There is something splendid in the boldness and the brilliancy of the works of the best of our modern artists, but there is something, as Mr. Hind said, winning and consoling in the shy works of these old master painters, before which today we stand with bared and bowed heads. * ok x % In “The Field of Art” in the June Scribner’s Magazine, Royal Cortissoz reiterates his faith in and admiration for the National Academy of Design, calling to attention the contribution it has rendered through its distin- guished members to the cause of art in America during the past 100 years, and characterizing as absurd the cry of some of the younger men that the academy stamps out originality and prevents genius from flowering forth. If the two exhibitions held annually by the National Academy of Design are not always thrilling_events, Mr. Cortissoz suggests that it is because artists are not produced every day, and there is a limit to production. Furthermore, he calls attention to the conflict between the one-man_exhibi- tion, which in recent years has be- come so0 popular, and the mixed exhi- bition, in which each artist has, as a rule, only one place. Obviously for the artist the one-man showing offers the greater opportunity. The prevalence of these one-man exhibitions is sug- gested by the statement that no less than 20 such opened simultaneously in different galleries in New York last ‘Winter in a single week. Works pre- viously shown in New York are not available for the academy exhibitions; therefore, the artist must make a choice of reserving his best work for the academy, to the detriment of his one-man show, or sending his second best to this mixed gathering. Often- times the decision is the generous one, and 1t s for this reason that in spite of the conflict, Mr. Cortissoz, himself the most astute of critics, declares to have found much invariably in both the annual and the Winter show to allure and reward inspection. * ok Kk % All art is not encompassed in the museum or the exhibition gallery. The London correspondent of the American Magazine of Art, in a re- cent communication, says: “The greatest work of art at present in London is not in the modern art galleries or the studio of any artist, but in a cinema hall. At the Phil- harmonic there is a film called ‘I N. R. I, presented by Mr. Van Damm, which was forbidden by the censor; but it was afterward wit- nessed by certain of the bishops in private and they were so enthusiastic about it that the censor withdrew his stricture upon it and made it free to the publc. Where it came from is not clear; who are the artists re- sponsible for it s not told; the nationality of the actors in it is likewise hidden. It tells the life of Christ, and I venture to state that, in all probability, it has never had such & telling before in history. This film will do for those who see it (and the world ought to see it) what the great ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. Where was golf first played?— C.W. . ‘A. Golf is possibly of Dutch origin. The Romans had a game called paga- nica, played with a crooked stick and a ball of leather, and in England dur- ing the reign of Edward II1 the game was called bandy ball. The Dutch game differs greatly from the Scottish, and it is believed that golf is a direct descendant of the game of shinty, but is probably a combination of ~both. Golf was extensively played in Scot- land in 1457. Q. Has New York City a zoning plan for building?—T. N. A. In 1916 a zoning plan was adopt- ed to regulate the use to which build- ings could be put, their height in re- lation to street widths, and the per- centage of the area of the lot permit- ted to be covered. Q. What does the name mean?—M. C. G. A. Authorities do not speak defl- nitely in regard to the word. It is probably an Illyrian or Perslan word and means “war council,” or “Prince of Splendor. “Balto” Does free verse have a meter?— R. A The forms of poetry called “Vers Libre,” or “Free Verse,’ eliminate rhyme and meter. The popularity of this style of poetry is of comparatively recent development. Q. Who got the Nobel peace prize in 19 —L. K. R. It was not awarded in that year. Q. How long has landscape gar- dening been done?—M. 8. A. The ancients practiced landscape gardening, but little is known about the styles in vogue among the differ- ent peoples. From the early times of the Christian era to the thirteenth century the art was malinly practiced in the adornment of walled gardens connected with castles or convents. Lenotre was a celebrated French land- scape gardener of the seventeenth cen- tury. What makes a cake fall?—W. e A.” There are various mistakes pos- sible in the mixing and baking that will produce this result. Too much sugar or butter may cause a cake to fall, and an oven that is too slow, or which does not bake the cake evenly or sufficiently, will make it S0ggy. Q. Please give the right name of the chief king of ancient Scotland and Ireland?—P. G. T. A. The ancient Celtic title of the chief king is variously spelled Ard-ri, Ardrigh and Ardriagh. Q. What does gold-bearing ore look like?—M. C A. The Geological Survey says that the color of gold-bearing ore, the color of the actual vein when disclosed by blasting, the color of the gold-bearing The news comes from Atlantic City that the house of delegates of the American Medical Assoclation, in convention here, has passed a resolu- tion in favor of the removal of all Government restrictions on the amount of alcohol which a physician may prescribe for a patient within a specified time—half a pint in two weeks. Under that resolution, it is alleged, a physician would be enabled to prescribe all the whisky he desired to give or sell. * X X % There appears to be some confusion of language in the press dispatches, if not in the scientific circles of the American Medical Association. There is absolutely no limit, now, nor has there ever been under the Volstead law, on the amount of medicated al- cohol that any physiclan might pre- scribe, so long as he did not flavor the alcohol with the taste of whisky. Whisky contains about 45 per cent of alcohol, the rest being water and other ingredients that make it potable and attractive as a drink. The 55 per cent of whisky content, there- fore, has no connection nor relation to therapeutic_ effect, but panders to the taste of the drinker. The law is aimed exclusively at potable liquors—not at pure grain alcohol used with medicine. Under present conditions of bootleg products, many physicians consider all whisky as being of unknown con- stituents, and in their practice prefer to use pure grain alcohol, into Which they mix whatever medication their knowledge indicates, without making the concoction too “pleasant to take,’ as a highball or punch. * ¥ x ¥ It has long been a mooted question in medical circles as to the therapeutic value of alcohol. Whatever value there is in whisky comes from its 45 per cent content of alcohol. The American Pharmacopia omitted alco- hol from its list of recognized med- jcines more than a decade ago, and the membership of the association is far from being in united support today of alcohol in medicine—even pure grain alcohol medicated, not whisky. Those who are agalnst its use declare that there is no purpose for which alcohol is used that can not be achieved more effectively by some other means. Other reputable physicians hold that alcohol is better as a stimulant than any other known substance. “Where doctors disagree, who shall decide?"” Yet the doctors themselves seem to have approached a form of de- clsion, since statistics show that in 1922 there were in the United States 152,627 physicians, of whom only 33, 379’ held permits to prescribe whisky and brandy. Seventy-eight per cent of the doctors declined to take out per- mits authorizing them to use whisky even to “save the lives” of patients. There are 48 States in the Union, 22 of which forbid the use of whisky or brandy in medicine, and so in these States, with 40,389 doctors, none holds & permit for its prescription. In all the 22 States there are only 150 per- mits for the use of pure grain alcohol, to be medicated. Even in the permit- granting States only 29 per cent of the physicians have permits. In the States granting permits to doctors 38 out of every 100 wrote prescrip- tions for whisky or brandy and 62 per cent did not. This refers to the time before the Federal law, when all restrictions upon the freedom of doc- tors came from State laws. * k ok Kk The American Medical Association has been on record since 1917 in the following resolution: “Whereas we believe the use of al- _—— mate skill and artistic knowledge, then the artists in their studios must look to their laurels. Without going into detafled criticism and apprecia- tion such as this noble work deserved (and which space, alas, forbids), it is enough to say that ‘Parsifal,’ with its glorious music, did not make so deep and true an impression upon me as has been made by this silent black and white work, in which the only captlions are carefully selected pas- sages from the New Testament. The actors are not only the best I have ever seen since Duse, but also such splendid physical types and so simple and untheatrical that one wonders who and what they are. No names are advertised. One imagines that mural paintings of medieval times kS e this film is more important as a work of art than even the performances of the ‘Pasion Play’ at Oberammer- &au.” deposit of placer mines, the coler of gold-bearing ore prior to the time of going to the smeiter, differs according to the ore. Different ores have differ ent colors, this depending upon the assoclated rock. For instance, if the ore is filled with quartz, it will have & white appearance. Raw nugget gold is yellow. The particles of gold left in the pan or sluice box used in placer or hydraulic mines are yellow. Gold nug- gets contain many other minerals. Pyrite, or_“fool's gold,” and yellow mica are often mistaken for gold. Q. Why do wasps kill spiders?—L. W. A ‘They kill them for food, often taking spiders to the nest for the young. Q. Are there any Carolina paro- quets now?—W. S { A. The Biological Survey says that the Carolina paroquet is supposedly extinct, inasmuch as mo specimens have been seen within late v 1t these birds are existing at this time they y exist in the inland of Florida Q. What can be used on a base ball dlamond A. A strong solution of sodium ride can be used as a preparat killing gra his entire name to an Am —L. K. A. Legally a person obligation to bear the su parents, nor the Christla ferred in infancy, and he fore change his name at only to the possible proving his identity called into questior Q. Are the dink key engines the sam A. Both “dinky” and “donkey used in reference ally to contrac tors’ engines, for engines used in cou struction work. In some c the term “dinky” engine is ap « engines in logging camps. Q. Did Columbus bring some cons victs on one of his voyages’—M. W, A. Columbus did bring some Span- ish convicts to the New Wo engines —W ed Q. What was the range of Calve's vol W. F. W. gified as a dramatic H stog soprano. 2% octa; 1 throug! traltolike low re r retired from the stage in 1 now living in Franc (Let The Star Information Bureas, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Twenty= first and C streets northwest, gnswer your question. The only cha this service is 2 cents in stamps turn postage.) BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. cohol as a beverage is detrimental 1@ the human econo “Whereas its use {n therapeut a tonic or stimulant or no_scientific basis “Resolved, T} feal Association cohol as a beverage: and “Resolved, That the as a therapeutic agent s couraged.” Two years later, Sept the National Retail Dri clation, in ion at Rochester, Y., res : 1 h not prov macists of the countr: holic_liquor for urged every from taking a liquor pe * x % The contest between the “drys” is unending, either American ati amonest the d doctor <ociation now approval of the ac position of a small | profession of being p | coholic beverages.” * x x % xpresses its dis- tance of the v of the In an editorial in the N gist the statement appea the American Medical A. its annual session had adopted the anti-alcohol pronouncement, a referen- dum of the full membership showed that more than half supported position condemning the therapev value of alcohol. Commenting on action of a ciation, Druggist’s editor said: “The declaration, as every knows, did not embody or be the result of any new scic covery or even empiri a consensus of medic ini time. It was the act, too, of the erence committee on legi: political action” and of the delegates, both of which pertaining but with h and publi activitie: Since the above version purports to explain that it was associ tional politics which proc: sage of the previous claimed that the ply to the present conve lantic City, and that the house of delegates does sent the scientific conclusions o great majority of the members. convention contains perhaps a f hundred doctors, while the total num- ber in America exceeds 152,627 physi cians in active practice. The chief opposition to the American Medical Association's position of 1§17 and 1923, condemning alcohol a< a therapeutic, comes from New York, New Jer: Pennsylvania and Il nois, in which States 29 per cent ot prescribe 58 per cent of all 'S ptions for alcohol issued im the whole United States. The Atlan |tic City resolution was introduced bY a member from Long Island. It i pointed out by prohibition offictals that since physicians have never been in the least restricted as to medicated alcohol, but only as to potable liq the resolution therefore must be tended to add to the physicians’ ac ties in “purveying liquor,” contra to the protest of the. association in 1923. { * ¥ ¥ ¥ The chief surgeon of Johns Hopkins University, Dr. Howard Kelly, writes: “1 do not myself believe that the medical profession is conscious of any pressing need of alcohol, for it 1§ not known as & remedy or an important or necessary adjuvant in any disease The allment where its use has been generally asserted to be beneficial is diabetes in an advanced stage, and | here insulin has come within & few months to supplant it. “On the other hand, I take it that even though we were to concede the occasional need of alcohol, its possi- ble usefulness is far outweighed by the enormous harm done by @ horde of doctors who are utterly uncontrolla ble, prescribing indiscriminately to all comers. Myriads of drunkards and narcotic victims have been created in the past by medical prescriptions With the advent of prohibition we have discovered that m iy men have ideals not one whit above & bartender; witness the doctors who pour out their prescriptions for al hol daily until their blanks run out.” (Qopyzight, 19025, by Paut ¥, ml‘ =