Evening Star Newspaper, May 7, 1925, Page 6

NING -STAR e WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. ce.....May 7, 1825 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company B\Illns- Office = 11th St. and Pennsylvania éve | New York' Office: 110 East 43nd St. i Chics =3 wer 3 iropean Ofice’. 18 St., London, Eapund e The Evéning Star. with fhe Sunday morn- ng edltmnn,ln\t ‘delivered by carriers within the city at' 60 cenis per month: 45 cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cenis per month. Orders may be sent by mall or felephone Main 5000. -Collection is made by carrier at the end of cach month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and sunday. . only .. Sunday only.’. All'Other States. Dai nd v Bally shi,Sunday $unday only Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled {0 the use for republication of all news di atches credited to it or not otherwise cred: ted in this paper and also the local news published hersin. _ All rights of publication | ©f special disnatches herein are aleo reserved. = Cutting Costs and Taxes. A further budget cul of approxi- mately $300,000,000 is the aim of the President, according to late informa- tion. This, it effected, would bring the total Government expenditures during the fiscal vear 1026.7 below $3,000,000,000. It could only be gf- fected, however, through a severe cur- | tailment of appropriations involving | all ‘branches of the Government. The process of tax reduction is not completed. Further lowering of the rates and lessening of the volume of revenues is’ contemplated.© A ‘reduc- | tlon: of about 12 per cent-is consid- ered as possible. The present sugges- tion of budget reduction is a little less than 10 per cent. Naturally any continuation of the budget cutting brings anxiety to the Government force here at-the Capital. Ever since the close of the war the Process of lowering Government costs has been in progress; with heavy cuts in the personmel. About- 50,000 per- sons have been dismissed from the departments and bureaus in the six and a half years that have passed since the armistice These department and bureau cur- tailment - have brought the service, however, down to about a normal con dition. The total of those at work | in the Federal service at the Capital is still much higher than:before the war, but it is recognized that never again will the Government work call for as small a number as in 1914. Local interest in budget reduction, therefore, is one of some concern, as well as of gratification .in the low- ering of the costs and the taxes im- poséd to. meet those costs.” It is of no moment to the individual' who stands to.lose all ‘'he has in the way of’income if there is a chance that by the forcereductions effected his own_ income 1ax payments may be reduced. The man of the weoman whose entire incorie is taken ‘away is not helped by a Jessening of the tax upon his former income. Fhe country at large- locks upon these budget reductions . differently. It. welcomes the lowering of the cost of government and the consequent lowering of the taxes. The President, in urging economy, is viewing the sit- uation in the broad . aspect. He realizes that reduction may bé car- ried too far, beyond the -point of efficiency. "It is-his: responsibility to effect the greatest cut costs and therefore in the tax burden without making any cut in the effectiveness of the machinery and functions of the Federal service. —— e Hindenburg 18 in no great haste to proceed . with manifestations of his authority. . A little time may be deemed desirable to enable the world to. recover from the shock of his election. —————————— Traffic Director Eldridge says there are —mentally irresponsible people | driving motors in.Washingten. More work for the alienist! ———— The Dawes Campaign. Vice President Dayges continues to gain recruits among “the Senators themselves in his campaign to amend the rules of the Senate so as ts pr vent filibusters and expedite public business. In fact,.the array,on the side of the Vice President is bedoming | formidable, with Cummins of lowa, Butler and- Gillett of Massachusetts, Capper of Kansas, Willis and Fess of Ohio, Pepper of Pennsylvania, Hale of Maine and Underwood of <Alabama among those who have declared for ication of the .rule regarding When the Vice President delivered his. first attack on the Senate rules, on Inauguration day,”he was bitterly censured by a number of the Sena- tors. Few voices were raised in his support. At that time The Star ven- tured to predict that the sentiment in the States would back the Vice President, and ‘that this sentiment would have its influence In the Sen- ate itself. The Vice President apparently has | strack a chord to which the pepple are responding. Many of the Senators thenselves have chafed under the present rules and have felt that some- thing should be done to bring more prompt action in the Senate. At the same time a rule that broposes to limit debate through.action of a ma- jority would result, as one’ Senator has privately expressed it, in “clip- ping the wings” of thé individual Senator. For that reason the pro- posed change will ‘be resisted strongly by some members of the upper house. The présent cloture rule of ‘the Sen- ate, by which debato may be limited by a two-thirds vote of the Senate, was adopted March 8, 1817, after the Senate and the country had been aroused by the filibuster of a small number of Senators against the “‘arm- ed ‘neutrality” resolution, which “pre- vented action on that measure. The Senate prior to that time was without any cloture rule whatevér. By a vote of 76 to 3 the two-thirds clotute rule past that a two-thirds vote of the Senate is required to ‘“suspend” a standing rule of that body, it was held by Vice President Marshall in 1917 that it required only a majority vote to “modify” or amend a rule. That being the case, Vice President Dawes will ‘have to be backed by a majority of the Senate to bring about the reform thich he seeks. The mi- nority leader of the Senate, Senator Robinson of Arkansas, in a recent Statenrent spoke disparagingly of the Dawes proposal. If he is to be fol- lowed .generally by the Democrats in only. | opposition to the proposed pian, the | rules fight in the Senate may be pro- tracted. Under the existing rules. it would require'a two-thirds vote of the Senate to limit debate on a proposed amendment te the rules, and a debate might run for a. long period before a vote could be reached. Collateral matters frequently have sreat influence on senatorial action— or lack of action. The proposal that the United States adhere to the World Court is to come up for consideration at the next session of the Senate. This fact may have an important bearing on the rules fight. Senators who are strongly opposed to adher- ence to the World Court may look with great disfavor on a rule that would further limit debate. On the other hand, these Who favor the court pro- posal may be influenced in part to support more drastic cloture of debate. All the opposition to an amendment of the rules will not be found on the Democratic side of the chamber. Sen- ator Mases of New Hampshire, Repub- Hean and President pro tempore of the“Senate, is aligned agatnst further cloture. Senator La Follette of Wis consin was one of the three Senators| who voted against the two-thirds clo- ture in 1917. So far Vice President Dawes has not put inte concreté form his pro- posal for revision of the Senate rules. | ‘The discussion has been general in character. Even the Senators who are supporting him, except Senator Underwood, who has a resolution be- fore the Senate te bring about ma- jority cloture, have not settied in their own minds just how far the revision should go. This is a matter which will *be given consideration during the recess of the Senate, and when the Senate reconvenes undoubt- edly some plan will have been shaped up by the proponents of the change. — cmeee———— The Oratory Finalists. Washington is the magnet which is drawing six young Americans with families and friends from different parts of the country. They are com- ing here, these six young people, to take their places tomorrow night on the stage at the Auditorium and com- pete, With. a seventh representing the District of Columbia, for the prizes in the national oratorical contest. These seven young Americans, five boys and two girls, represent 1,400,000 school chilidren in’the United States who have pgrticipated in all stages of this great contest. They are the sus- vivors of eity, county, State and grand division eliminations. They are the best in the country. : Not only to the audience imme- diately present tomorrow night, but to the greater audience reached by radio, the proceedings will be of the keéhest interest. These seven young people will deliver brief orations upon the Constitution, representing months of study and preparation. Those who heard the‘discourses last year are pre. pared for the excellence with which | these seven disdertations will be given tomorrow night, for the manner of presentation and particularly the mat- ter, Tt w3s gratifying to The Star, as a participating newspaper, last year to find the product of the competition of such merit. It was particularly grati- tying that the competiticn had been engaged in by more than a million students, and ‘that a far-reaching stimulus of interest in the Constitu. tion had been effected: This year's record is even more satisfactory and indicates a livelier interest in the sub. ject and consequently a wider influ- ence for good citizenship, ——————— Many Senators rely on the assump- tion that the fnauguration ceremonies gave Vice Président Dawes hfs only chance to be heard effectively. A man in a Helen Maria frame of mind can usually find means: of breaking through any, formal restraint, how- ever striet. iy —me—— Reports concerning the deadliness of tetraethyl are likely ,to tempt people who have survived synthettc gin and wood alcohol to’ want ta fry it as a beverage. et — e e Sea Tips. ~The controller general of the United States has made a decision in the mat. | ter of ocean travel tips. The question arose .over an expense account, and the account must have contained the item of $10 as‘a’tip to'a table steward and the same sum as & tip to a room steward. The Secretary of State repre- sented to the-cofroller that before the war a $5 tip to a table steward on a transatlantic trip was a decent thing, bt that the cost of tips has gone up; and that e -$10 bill is now. needed to cross the palm of a table steward and to bring a nod of recognition from a rogm steward. It is to be borne_in mind that a transatlantic voyage in the average sort of -passenger ship is a short one, and that on longer voy- ages tips.must be—not may be, but must_be—in_proportion to the length of the voyage. The congroller is to be congratuiat- ed, really he f5 to be enthusiastically patted on the back, for his effort to keep down the cost of tips, but it might be remarked that the courage of the controller has not been put to a real test. It is easy to sit comfort- ably at Washington and decide how much a man traveling on official busi- ness should give a steward, and-1f is easy to rule that the usual antebellum tip of $5 is enough in these days of soaring prices. It would call for more determination in the controller gen. eral-were he to put his tip conceptions into practice at sea. It shbuld also be noted that the decision of the control- ler general bears only on tips given by voyagers on Government business P his napkin in the face of the controller general's decicion ahd any room stew- ard can fiing a sheet at the opinion. If a steward sets §10 as the size of a proper tip he can give more force and authority to his opinion than the controller to his. Only a callous ana thick-skinned cuetomer can hold nut against the tip schedule. So far as published the decision decides nothing as to how much of a tip is due the head waiter and a passenger's deck steward, nor does it govern as to the tribute which the boot's boy should levy. It ip felt that though the control- ler general's opinion is disagreeable reading to the Government traveler who put $10 tips in his expense ac-|. count, it will not go far toward mak- ing the seas safe for travelers. ———— Lull in Pglitical Turmoil. According to poliical ‘observers in the fleld and ‘“on the road,” there ‘exists throughout the country a lack of political thought and activity. The crystallization of opinion among these observers is that agitation io at the lowest ebb noticed in many years. It is commented upon that, speaking generally and for the Na- tion, there fs nowhere agitation upon any subject of sufficient degree to be called an ‘“issue.” Even the desultory sputterings over suggestions for reorganization within the Democratic party hardly rise above the crackling of thorns under the pot.. There is no beating of tom- toms among the political “‘reformers” and no leaders of reformers are mak- ing the welkin ring with their sug- gested panaceas for existing or imag- inary evils. The political horizon re. flects no glow of the political prairies afire in any section. All of which is gratitying to thought- ful men -everywhere. Even for an ©off year in national and congressional clections, the scason is classed as being .unusually quiescent in politics. Political philosophers analyzing this situation find cause for satisfaction in it. They may well agree that it is a hopeful sign that the people are turning from the turmoil of politics to contemplation of domestic and busi- ness affairs. It is to be taken as reflecting a satisfactory condition of prosperity in the country at large After the feverish excitement of re- cent years the country welcomes a veriod of respite. - A e N Old Madison Square Garden was the scene of great-events, in politics, art and athletics. It had not only a long life, but a merry one. e The dry armada off the Atlantic coast is expected to put an end to the ancient custom of serving grog to seamen. ——— A reduction in the annual budget compatible with requirements of pub- lc service is one of the forms of economy expected from President Coolidge when he was elected. R e The famous old Prohibition party, though aggressive in political demon-. stration, would never have dreamed of the methods of warfare now con- templated by the Government. ————————— The Prince of Wales can spend his time more usefully and possibly more agreeably by making long tours than by remaining in London to listen to | Speeches. A little general handshak- Ing is useful, even to & king. —————— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSOX. Trafic Accident. Over there, out in the street, Where the motofs buzz and blow, Is 4 spot with memory sweet Of a time of long ago. In that place where all the town Beems its flercest pace to strike, Dear Aunt Hannah was knocked down By a small boy on a bike. Dear Aunt Hannah stamped her feet, Smoothed her skirts and shook her heaa: # Her resentment was complete. “Boy, come here,” she sternly said. Tears were in tHe youngster's eyes, And her anger cooled, when she Found, with sorrowing surprise, That the boy had bruised his *knee. A policeman took 4 tone, ‘Which, to say the least, was rough; Sald my aunt, “Let him alone! He’s had punishment enough! Vanished are.those days so fair ‘When the object of dislike ‘Worst upon the throughfare ‘Was the small boy on a bike. - Working Both Ways. *“Are you in favor of a further tax reduction?” “Certaihly,” answered, ~ Senator Sorghum: - “There are two things my constituents have always expected me to be dn favor of—tax reduction and more liberal expenditure of Govern- ment money.” Magtime Chill, Some suns in space a million times than ours more hotly glow; I told this to the janitor not very long ago. He saild when he had listened to the things that figures prove, “If:the heat is so abundant, I should think you'd want to move Jud Tunkins says the stock market is no indication of prosperity except for the people who guessed the right way. Specidl Point of Merit.. “Who is yeur favorite orator?” “Cicero,”” answered Miss Cayenne, “although I must admit I don’t care much for orators in general.” “But he is silent now!” ‘That's what I admire about him.” “De longer .de argumenty’ sald Uncle Eben, “de more things is ginter be thought up to make it longer and longer.” — eae Congressional Oversight. From the Ohio State Journal. The public reaction to our Congress- men’s "quiet little salary grab seems HE EVENING- STAR to be such that we sbouldn’t wonder was adopted, with 16 Senators’absent and not voting. s : While the Senate has held in' the The rule is not binding on and gives no-protection to'common travelers. Any seagolng table steward can flou: if they'd better vote themselves old- age pensions also in case they might be out of work. “WASHINGTON THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. There is something about this city that has never ‘been put into print. It is. an intangible something that needs the feeb for words of an H. L. Mencken, if one may phrase it that way. 4 ‘These paragraphs today, then, are only an approximation. Some day I am going to get §, and then you will say, reading, “Yes, this is Washing- For the nonce, however, we must be content with the best we can do. Yet there is one thing about the Na- tional Capital we can #ay at once, and that is simply that it is beautiful in the Springtime. Not a new obser- vation, truly, vet one that comes fresh to each one of us once a year. It comes when rains green up the grass and start the flowers on their way to souls of blossoms, as the poet said; it refreshes us, this feeling, much as the rains bring food to the inquir- ing flowers. There are other beautiful cities in the world, and all of them, undoubted- ly, are prettier in the Spring than at any other time of the year; vet those of 'us who live here may be forgiven for thinking that not a one of those cities is as beautiful as Washington, D. C. ‘We have the word of far travelers for it that we are right. Nor can we overlook the possibllities of Washing- ton. Extensive plans for improve- ments over the years make it certain that the Capltal of the Nation will go right ahead growing beautiful. It will not be able to achleve this result, however, if it ever dares to for- get the trees and the grass. * o ok % After all, is it not the green we love in the Spring? Is not this mantle of nature thrown over us from above and this carpet of green spread for us below the chief factor in making our city beau- titul? To say this is but to acknowledge the supreme fact that man can never make anything beautiful unless he follows and works with Nature. Just as health is beauty 'in man, so green is loveliness in a cltv ‘What is the most stupendous mar- ble building worth, as a work of art, unless it is properly landscaped, sur- rounded by green lawns, it founda- tions planted with shrubs, hedged in with trees? > Zrtifice, though it may be great in itself, when placed outdoors demands the crowning glory of God's green, Just as a beautiful woman has her crowning glory. This “crowning glory” of a wom an's hair may be allowed to grow long, or it may be bobbed—but it must be there in some form. So, if we regard Washington as “she,” we love her crowning glory of trees, parks, grass, flowers. My point here is that ordinarily we do not stop to consider just the part played by nature in our great city. ‘We are proud, and justly so, of our monuments, our broad avenues, our imposing bridges, our great public buildings, including the Capitol, the White House, the Washington Mon- ument, the Lincoln Memorial. Sometimes we are apt to imagine that these things, beautiful in them- selves, make our city beautiful alone. They do not. Without the green of nature, which the city planners and their succes- sors, through the decades, made am- ple provision for' retaining every- where, Washington would be no love- lier than any other city. Marble may be cut and hewed intc forms of art, but these art works by themselves become cold -and forbid- ding unless softened by the kindly smile of Mother Earth. There is scarcely a place in Wash- ington that one may go where this lesson is not borne home on him with compelling force, although he may not always realize just what it is that impresses and pleases him. ‘Take the Capitol. ‘What would that great hall, or, rather, three joined halls, be if it were not for the wide-spreading lawns that surround it, and the great old trees that wave their leafy benedic- tions over the approaches? We' need but contrast the Treasury, set amid buildings, to realize that the Capitol is what it is, in our eyes, be- cause of its setting. Some, including the present writer, regard the Treasury Building as per- haps the finest example of pure architecture in Washington. Yet, be- cause it is huddied among other structures, it is not commonly s0 re- garded. 2 Had the Treasury been set in a broad park, with proper approaches, then its massive columns, its pure Greek aspects, would have charmed the visitor even'as the Capitol and Library of Congress do. Small plots of green at north and south help somewhat in setting off the Treasury. They strive mightily, and fail, simply because Nature works with a lavish hand and needs space to do her best art work. Space, however, need not be un- limited. The White House presents an excellent example of this truth. The Executive Mansion grounds oc- cupy but a few ac yet the total result is charming, because the best use has been made of the space avall- able. It must remain & question whether the office bulldings which cut clear across the grounds from east to west improved the appearance of the Ex- ecutive Mansion. Yet, as a whole, the general aspects of this place are alto- gether artistios How much majesty would the Washington Monument have left, think you, if it attempted to rear | its aluminum cap from between office buildings? Much of its striking simplieity comes about because it rises alone from its own hill, in the center of spaces, which are adequate. * % % % This sense of the joy of living, which we in Washington enjoy prob- ably more than the inhabitants of less favored cities, comes about, it seems to me, because of our grass and trees. We are in tune with green. The eyes, the very nerves, of man demand green as part of our dally life. We of Washington, for city folk, are infinitely lucky, in that we do not have to think much about this demand, only now and then, as her Even in our business districts we find trees, and the public parks, and the public buildings. Even recent developments in row houses have provided for unusually wide lawns. ° We take our green in along with sunshine and fresh air, and these three constitute the immortal trio which the life of man demande. It is because Washington has this trio in abundance that it beautiful in the Spring. For art is not bunk; the appreciation of beauty is_not inimical to commerce. ‘We are like the contented cqws of the advertisement; we browse :in green pastures, though in the city, and enjojy our sunshine and our fresh air all the more for it. BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. ‘The most expensive blunder in busi- ness is cocksureness, according to high scientific authority. That state- ment applies to whole trades, and may even become epidemic In a na- tlon—the United States, for instance. Wall Street is sald to be shocked at the discovery that since February Germans have been deluging our markets with methanol. During all of the year 1924 the total amount of methanol imported into this country was 48 gallons. Last January we re- ceived 40 gallons; February, and March, 69,886 gallons. produce methanol only at a cost of necessitating a retall price of 75 cents a gallon, while the Germans are now making it at 18 cents a gallon, paying our tariff of 12 cents a gallon and making such A profit that their complete possession of our market is a question of but a few weeks. That means not merely our market for methanol, but for wood alcohol, or industrial alcohol, for that is what methanol means. It is nonsemse to talk about methanol as endangering the Volstead law, for it {s the most poisonous kind of “wood alcohol.” It is deadly in its effect—producing immediate blindness followed by horrible death of its vic- tims. It is not the danger to the lives of bootleggers and their victims that s0 agitates capitalists of Wall street; it is the life of $100,000,000 capital invested in industrial alcohol manu- facture—perhaps also including the other millions invested in the gasoline and by-products enterprises. Our chemists have knawn some- thing of the possibilities of the Ger- man basic patents for producing methanol, for the patents were seized in the World War, but they did not contain directions in detail for pro- ducing methanol, hence the vital im- portance of the danger was belittled. When the House of Representatives was holding hearings on the Fordney tariff bill last Winter, one of the largest refiners of methanol appeared before the committee on ways and means and wAth a, great patriotic flourish testified: ““We are not particularly interested in protection, in the common accept: tion of this word, hecause we belfeve this country is big* enough in natural resources and has the technie, skill and ability to enable us to compete with any other country having the same labor costs. Conditions existing in all other countries except Canada are such that there is little to fear from their competition.” As'a result of such views, the tariff on methanol was put at 12 cents. Under the elastic clause the President may order it increased 50 per cent,| making the highest rate possible, un: til Congress acts again, 18 eents, which wholly fails to protect American man- ufacture against the German competi. tion. LR I ‘While the competition with our: $100,000,000 wood alcohol enterprises is serious enough, the demonstration | of the importance of scientific re- search as an adjunct of all great busi- ness is counted by experts as even more important. According to Dr. H. E. Howe, editor of the officlal maga- zine of the American Chemical So- clety, the time has passed when manu- facturers can rely upon America's superiority in raw materials. "Even in the case of chemistry,. wherein the labor cuts less figure than in most in- dustries, since chemicals are produced in large quantities with comparatively little manual labor, raw materials are in danger at all times of being super- seded by synthetic substitutes, equally satisfactory in practical manufactures. The reply of the famous artist to the English lord who asked what he raixed with his paints to make them so brilliant was, “Brains!” The same reply is the secret of synthetic chem- istry. In an editorial in the April number of Industrial and Engineering Chem- istry, Dr. Howe said: ¥ “We have frequently contended that |the only insurance against the dis- aster which comes with the loss of markets because your competitors know more is to be found In the proper support of scientific work. For some time we have heard of methods for synthesizing methanol from car- bon monoxide and water. These re. ports were at first regarded as rum They could not be confirmed. * % & The incident not only emphasizes the importance of -undertaking research well in advance of the time of need, but provides an excellent fllustration of how, in some fields at least, the laboratory may be couffited upon to supplement our fast-disappearing nat- ural resources. Synthetic metharol is not the first blow to be recefved the wood distillation industry. ¢ * ¢ The synthesis of methanol and the diminished importance of charcoal wauld seem to indicate that concur- rently with the curtailment of natural resources there has come an Im- provement in laboratory procedure without which many important manu- facturing procesges and products might have been discontinued.” * K x % Methanol is made In Germany of carbon monoxide—a by-product—while in America it is made of wood. Some is made of sawdust, which itself was a dscarded Wy-product of saw- mills until a few years ago. Soon there will be no more sawdust, for our forests are nearing destruction. With continued progress the chemists will find new “raw materials,” but not by assuming with the self-stf- ficiency of the witness before the congressional cammittee that’ we are beyond world competition. Until recently it was thought neces- sary to use food—grain—to produce “grain alcohol” or ‘“ethyl alcohol.” Now it is made from the cellulose, and the chemists look for the day when the world will annually grow the materials from which all its fuel will be produced. "Gasoline will be exhausted, but, with the manufacture of dehydrated or absolutely ethyl alco- hol, which can be mixed with gaso- line, the supply will be extended many years. Ordinary alcohol cannot mix with gasoline, but ethyl alcohol can, in any percentage—20 or 30 or 40 per cent alcohol. In ]921 we pro- duced 85,000,000 galions of ethyl (grain) alcohol; in 1923, 122,402,850 gallons. If a methanol could be pro- duced which would mix with gasoline as well as does ethyl ‘alcohol, “the demand would exceed the present use hundréds of times. ~ * ¥ % % ‘Américan dyes are already the any produced in Germany, although at the outbreak of the war we -wer& in pani¢ because we pro- duced no dyes and our textiles were at the mercy of the German dye manufacturers. Until recent years all the world depended upon vegetable indigo as the basis of all blue, purple and black dyes. Now synthetic in- digo is universally substituted. ‘Within the memory of men still active aluminum was a cpriosity; today we, use 100,000,000 pou: of it annually. We have found a way to mine the great deposits of sulphur. below the quicksands of Louisiana, so that we could close all the sulphur indust: of the world, if so disposed t merciless competition. We shall soon cease shipping milk that is 96 per cent water, and shall dry out the water, ship the dry milk powder and add the water at its destination. We do 8o now, but imperfectly.- The. future of- nearly all industry may be synthesis. (Copyright, 1925, by Paul V. Collims.) 6 : D.°C, THURSDAY, MAY 7 ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN the generally adequate approaches to | is really | 1925. THE NORTH WINDOW BY LEILA MECHLI One hundred years ago a group of artists, chiefly painters and engravers in New York, came together and form- ed a professional art organization, which they styled the Nationil Acad- emy of the Arts of Design. The title, historians tell us, was carefully se- lected on the ground that the arts of design were painting, sculpture, archi- tecture and engraving, while the fine arts also include poetry, music, land- scdpe gardening and the histwonic arts. Another reason for the choice of the name undoubtedly was that there ex- isted in New York at that time an or- ganization, of which Trumbull was president, styled the American Acad- emy of the Fine Arts. The National | Ae-demg of the Arts of Design was formed by the younger men headed by Morse as a protest against the ultra- conservatism of the old academicians, and we are told that “strong feeling arose against them, fostered by the eminently respectable, conservative gentlemen connected with the rival institution.” % x History repeats itself, and by 1877 another” younger set came forward, and deeming the taste in art of the academicians “‘though honest and in- evitable, yet too narrow for the time,” formed the “Soclety of American Art- ists.” Hailf of the members of this soclety at least were academiclans and continued to exhibit with both bodies. There was nothing violently radieal in the exhibitions which the Society of American Artists annually set forth and as the years went by the differ- ence in point of view grew less and less until finally, in 1906, it having been discovered that the one organiza- tion was duplicating the other, the offshoot went back to the parent stem. & o o x Again there is revolution and out- cry. The National Academy of De- slgn has lately announced Its cen- tennial exhibition, to open next Octo- ber here at the Nation's Capital in the Corcoran Gallery of Art, and to include representative examples of the work of its members during the past 100 years. It has also announced a program of expansion. As a result, the lawless outsiders are up in arms. Acting as spokesman for this group, Mr. Forbes Watson, in the May num- ber of The Arts, which he edits, a magazine published in New York largely as an exponent of the mod- ernist movement, berates the Corcoran Gallery of Art for hospitably shelter- ing this great retrospective exhibition, and would make the public believe that for this reason “Washington, in its encouragement of cotemporary Q. Where is “Temple Heights,” the place the sunrise meeting was held on Easter morning’—D. W. R. A. It is the site which has been chosen for the building of the local Masonic organization. It gas known as the Dean estate and is a noted landmark of the District of Columbia, located at Connecticut and Florida avenues northwest. Q. Has Maryland a law making vaccination against smallpox compul- sory?—S. B. B. A. The law of Maryland requires that pupils before entering the public schools shall be vaccinated. Q. What 20 articles are most asked for in 5 and 10 cent stores?—G* L. A. The buyer for one large store of this kind made the following lst: Jumping ropes, artificlal flowers, cur- glass nursing _ bottles, vegetable brushes, ment bags, rubber stair treads, pea- cock incense, chore boy mits, carbona, celluloid teething rings, mendits, ofl, egg and beet slicers, steel wool, party bon bons and baskets, waxed paper, hand-dipped candies Q. What is the German national hymn?—F. E. P. A. The German embassy says that at present, “Deutschland, Deutsch- land Uber Alles” is regarded as the anthem of Germany. Before the war it was “Heil dir im Sfegerkranz.” Q. Do radlo stations NAA and NSS transmit Eastern standard time? Is it based on solar or sidereal time? —A. H. C. A. The Naval Observatory says Arlington and Annapolis radio sta tions transmit time signals at East- ern standard noon. The transmitting clock keeps mean solar time. How- ever, it is set daily from comparison with the standard sidere: clock whose error is determined frquently by star observations. Q. From what circumstances did the Qvis poli, hunted by the Roose- E.e" brothers, derive its name?—T. 3. F. A. “The grandfather of all sheep" gets its name from its discoverer, Marco Polo. It was not until 500 years after he discovered the animal that his assertion that the anim~l ex- isted was substantiated. Q. How many children attend Sun- day school?—W. C. D. A. According to the Year Book of the Churches for* 1923, the total num- z»rlstg(“Sundby schoel members was Q. Does the United States have to . is probably the most backwar Capital in any country of importanc Furthermore, he makes out the Na tional Academy of Design to be a fearsome monster, controlling, through |intimidation, the destinies of art. “Ex- y why,” he says, “Mr. C. Powell Mipnigerode and his board of directors | should be frightened by a private in- | stitution posing as a national institu- | tion, why the gallery does not dare to present an unbiased exhibition of co- temporary American art, is a little !difficult to understand. And so it 1s. | What is there in the National Acad {How absurd to suggest that the Cor- coran Gallery of Art would not dare stances in the matter of its exhibi- {tions! What would happen if it did or |did not? Mr. Watsbn suggests that “unless the Cercoran Gallery of Art does something drastic to prove that it is not affiliated with a private or- gantzation of reactionary artists, its position among the serious museums of the country will be severely threat- ened.” Extending these complimentary comments, Mr. Watsen sald: “The timid and conventional exhibitions taking place periodically a{ the Cor- coran Art Gallery give only the faintest glimmering of what the ar- tists are doing today in America. Oply a few of those painters who do not play the game according to the rules laid down by the National Acud- emy are represented in these exhibi- tions.’ How absurd! The rules which the Corcoran Gallery have ob- served In assembling its exhibitions are merely those which have governed times—the same standard of merlt which generations have agreed to a cept. Mr. Watson suxgests that the Natlonal Academy of Design exercises @ system of censorghip over the Cor- coran ‘Gallery’s exhibitions. Could anything be more ridiculous? He claims that 0f the younger painters less than half'a dozen are represented in the Corcoran shows. It is inter- esting to note, however, that Mr. Wat- son does Mot hame the excellent paint- ers whose works should have been in- cluded and who have been left out. “The ' inventive and adventurous artists of the da; he térms them, but he does not say who they are. The Corcoran Gallery is admonished to “step forward like a man and de- clare its freedom from the domination of the National Academy of Design" —that hydra-headed beast, before which those of hardle;l‘coul‘-’n]ge are o shrink and trembie. S e ‘Who are these fearsome monsters controlling the art interests of Amer- ica? The president of the National Academy of Design today is 'Edwin Howland Blashfield, one of the most distinguished mural painters that America has produced, one of the most gallant and courtly gentlemen. He in his turn succeeded 'Herbert Adams, the sculptor of the MacMil- lan Fountain in this city and other notable works. The late John W. Alexander at one time held this posf tion. John S. Sargent—who, by the way, Mr. Forbes -Watson designates as one who devoted his later years to “glittering worldly success,” one who “gave up association with serious artists and went after the duchesses,” one whose “extraordinary domination over the world of fashionable portrait painting” was a detriment to his fel- low artists—was a member of the Na- tional Academy of Design. So also were Edwin A. Abbey, George Bel- lows, Robert Blum, Willlam M. Chase, Kenyon Cox; Frank Duveneck, Thomas Eakins, Winslow . Homer, George Inness, John La Farge, Francis - Millet, Rembrandt Peale, Howard Pyle, Homer Saint-Gaudens, Abbott Thayer, Vedder, J. Q. A. Ward, Weir and Wyant, and among the architects Henry Bacon, Karl Bitter, Carrere, Goodhue, McKim and George B. Post. Among the present academicians are: Cecilia Beaux, Rey- nolds and Gifford Beal, Frank Benson, Louis Betts, George de Forest Brush, Emil Carlson, Thomas Dewing, Frederick Frieseke, Daniel Garber, Jules Guerin, Childe Hassam, Charles Hawthorne, Eugene and Victor Hig- gind, Ernest Lawson, Garl Melchers, Jerome Myers, Maxfield Parrish, Rolert Reid, Gardner Symons, Ed- mond Tarbell, D. W. Tryon, Frederick ‘Waugh, Charles Woodbury; among the sculptors Robert Aitken, Paul Bartlett, James Earle Fraser, Danlel Cbester French, Charles Grafly, Frederick MacMonnies, Hermon Mac- Neil, Paul Manship, Mahonri Young and among the architects Cass Gil- bert, Thomas Hastings, Charles A. Platt and John Russeil Pope, and among the etchers Joseph Pennell— & {airly representative company of producers of fine art, to whom our Nation is indebted. Are these the plotters and villains? * k k¥ As to the Corcoran Gallery's exhi- bitions, not only have they been rep- resentative of the , best cotempo- rary art, but they have consistently set forth works by the leading modern- | pose ists—at times to the bewilderment of the public, which does not admire half- |emy of Design to frighten any one? | to do as it pleases under any circum- | the best art in all countries and all | | pay foreign countries for the delivery {of our mail in their countries”—A. R. | _A. The Post Office Department says { that this country does not hagye to pay foreign countries for the delivery of {our mail. It, however, does pay to | some foreign countries fees for each parcel sent to those countries in ex- cess of the number they send us. Q. When a storage battery is fully charged, is there any electricity in it” A. There is no electricity in it. It is merely chemical action. | | Q. What 1s meant by a “superior complex?—H. G. C A Psychologists are not quite agreed as to the definitions of superi |ority and inferiority complex. Accord |1ng to some, & superiority complex re- fers to the innate feeling of an indl- | vidual that he is euperior to his fel j{lows. According to others, it desig- | nates the condition of in reality feel- i | Something is alwaye starting anew the argument over the future of the horse in the face of competition of tire motor. Recent suggestions that this friend of man is & passing ad junct of modern life have drawn from his champions various remind ers of the many kinds of work in Wwhich the horse more than holds his own and of the old-fashioned com- fort in riding and driving which still may be enjoyed. “In this modern day of airplanes jradlos and automobiles,” observes the Dayton News, “the general public pays little attention to the horse, with the exception of the various races that are held. Yet the horse has a place in business life. and, in lertain lines, its use cannot be improved | upon. But its value is not confined to business. In recreation, the horse furnishes great sport for men and women alike, either for a canter through the park—in the saddle—or for a pleasant ride in a carriage where one does not have to' worry about | crashing . into--a telephone pole or | constantly keeping the eyes on the road. The present horse population of the United States is answer in it- self to the horse question.” The Memphis News Seimitar adds its testimony < *h this tribute: “The horse is und tp come back as the dominant form of recreation. Man must regain his equilibrium: he must quiet his nerve: he must govern his temper; he must: reduce his blood pressure: he must. quit topplimg over dead from diseases of .the heart. He must get a horse.” » Attentfon is called by the Saginaw News Courier to a warning from the Department of Agriculture that there will be an acute shortage of “horses unless, breeding is increased. ““Work must be done on farms and roads— work that can be done to best ad- vantage by the animals despite all the machinery in_ vogue,” &dds the Neys Courier. “Evidently the situ- atidn is all wrong, and the best way for the farmers to get relief is to glve consideration to and act upon the warning given by the department. It is one of the instances where agricultural relief must come from agriculture itself.” * ok Kk “To match the pride with which every American notes the increased output of rubber tires,” says the Cincinnati Times Star, “comes a little pang at the news that the United States Steel Corporation has quit making horseshoes. In this item one sees the fires of the village smithy dimming and a_procession of huge cart horses passing over the horizon rim in the wake of the dinosaur. the glyptodon, the gigantosaur and other extinct animals. But, whatever hap- pens to the draft horse, the thor- oughbred, the saddle horsegand the polo pony remain with us, ¥nd iron footing they must have. “In one fleld, Dobbin’s prestige is gone forever,” remarks the Columbia Missourian. “He used to trot between baked art, nor understand artistic ings. e * How strange it is that the revolu- tionists are always the more intol- erant. Feeling themselves outside by their own will, they make assault, and declaring' themselves persecuted, be- come the persecutors. The cry of the bolshevist in art is not dissimilar to that of the bolshevist in politics or in government. It is against all order, all- standards; it fronkly encourages and applauds vulgarity, and it is so loud and so bold - that it often de- celves the .uninformed, who by its volume and violence are led to sup- that the adherents are numer- ous, the occasion called for. Nelither is the case. tain material, glass percolator tops, | vitrophane, | mothproof gar- | ing Jinferior, but endeavoring to ap- pear superior in order to hide the for- mer feeling. Q. What day of the week did Co- lumbus set sail and what day did he land’—W. D. W, A. The 3d of August, 1492, when Columbus embarked upon his first voyage to the Western Hemisphere, fell upon a Friday. The h of Octo. ber, when land was found, was also Friday. Q. Who were “the tongue, the pen and the sword of the Revolution?" R. A F. i A. Patrick Henry. son and George prised the trio. Q. Are six-masted .schooners un common?—A. A. R A. The United States Shipping Board says that the Edward B. Law rence, built in Bath, Me., is the only ted schooner in the world aid Thomas Jeffer- Washington o ‘ Q. Where first>—E. B. A. The apple was probably tive of central Asia. It was duced into America from Englanc 1629 by the Governor of Massa setts Bay Colony. Q. What is shellnc? A. Lac is a vesinet's uded from an Yast Ind sect. It consists of a grant - stance forming cells for the shelter of the eggs of the insect and incrust the twigs of various East Indian trees | The females are embedded in the mu«s | and certain parts of their bodies co ! tain a red fluld furnishing crimson {and scarlet dyes, which are dissolved out of the stick or “seedlac,” leav | the shellac of commerce. Q. ton's the apple Who is In charge of Washing Headquarters at Morristow {home of the Carroll family, Carper im—'? Hall and Independence Hall’ % R. A. The following organizations car for the varfous historic buildings | quired for: Doughoregan Mansior home of the Carroll family—owned b Mr. and Mrs. Charles Carroll: Wi ington’s Headquarters, Morristown J.—the Washington ~Assoclation New Jersey: Carpenter’s Hall, Ph delphia—Carpenter’s Compan City and County of Philadelp | dependence Hall, Philadelphia Philadelphia. Q. When aid base ball clubs adopt short pants?>—RB. C. A. The first to wear the presen style of uniform with short pants w the Cincinnati Reds, in 1863 Q. Give a short sketch of Hipy crates’—G. E. B. . A. Hippocrates was reek p siclan nicknamed the ‘athe Medicine. He was born on the , died in He was the author e writings on the scien of medicine, and was the fir: aside all traditions and super and base the practice of medicine the study nature, with ence to religion or other mat He was said to be a master of chir research and the originator of # tem of diet and regimen for the of {llness He was also a great liever in benefits from climates s c many valua 9 to the temperament of the patient (Have -you a question you answered? Kend it to The Star formation Bureau, Frederic J. Ha ligector, Twenty-first and (' st northwest. The only charge for service is 2 cents in stamps for re postage.) Do Horses Meet. Competition ' In Days of Motor Transport? | the 3hafts of a shiny side-bar | taking everybody and his bes f {a spin through the country. N | everybody and his best girl o out {a motor car. Dobbin once pulled the family cafriage to church on Sund morning with the whole family packes |in somehow. Now they are packeds | somehow—into the family fivver and { Whiz off for.Los Angeles.” The ) | sdurian, however, concedes that Do 1bin_ holds his own even in this motc ized age; he, is.still the load mover | most commohly used. | Chauncey M. Depew is quoted by ths San Francisco Bulletin as one who de- plores the passing of “that splendid old matrimonial agency, the horse aund buggy,” and the Bulletin continues | “That strikes a responsive chord in | breasts no longer voung, but ‘not vet | 0ld. Indeed, yes—the horse and buggy had advantages. There was a time for | contemplation of the sweetness - |ture and the goodness of the 1 The whole process promoted by the horse and buggy was restful, refie-tive and deliberative; and that meant fewer mistakes through haste and the ¢ turbing effect of mechanical speed upon the judgment. There seems to be something comparatively in and transient about these gaso carriages. The horse and bugg were better.” * % % Many of the editors are mo tious in their comment rehody stole Rex Watson's horse; the police are searching the museums of an cient history,” announces the Lansin: State Journal. “People should be kind to dumb animals all the vear if the Almighty can extend the ( Rule to the sparrow, an ordina man should be able fo be courtecus to the last horse,” advises the Los A: geles Times. “Old Dobbin has passed on; only our good friend Rover is left so-let's call him up and give him ar extra home,” I8 the thought of the Joseph Gazette. “While, the horse survives he should be kepf in the con may he survive there to our pes v that life is not wholly mechanical,” is the plea of the Winona Republican-Hezf ald. The passing of Buffalo Lorse furnishes the subject ment by the New London Day on the disappearance of the old West The cowbey’s only surviving counterpart,’ declares the Day, “can be found in the movies, and even there the modern plcture probably burlesques the brave and picturesque soul that conquered the prairies and the grazing lands of the Rockles.” Bill's last for com e Giving, Way Sex Plays To Comedies in Movies 5 Humor has succeeded where con sorship failed, we are told. Comed hluu ousted the sex and problem photo play. - It Jesse L. Lasky, film producer, has given us a true report of conditions 1925 should be a gogd movie year. Reports from California tell of boom {n comedles, not the custard throwing varfety, but those dealing with business and industrial life. wherein middle-class characters have th ir troubles and plausible albeit laughable situations are developed. Interesting, aiso, is the survey, in ternational in scope. which disclosed & preference for humorous and in spiational stories, the type so repus aflt to our young intelligents. Afier all, the happy ending isn't peculiar to America. 1t never was. A speaker last week before the Kentucky Bdu- cational Assocfation spoke of the ep- gerness in humanity to attend a pily in /hich humor abounds, or witne: Biiier vt o lighter vein, or enjoy a speaker who ha3 no mission except to dispel gloom. ~ _