Evening Star Newspaper, March 13, 1925, Page 6

6 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY. .March 13, 1925 . Editor THEODORE W. NOYES The Evening Star Newspaper Company o {h £, and Pennaylvania Ave. New Vot bimee: 310 ant e '8 Chicago Offica: Tower Bni Egropean Office : 16 Regent St.,London, gland. The Evenlag Star, with the Suaday morming edition, Is delivered by carriets within the city at 60 cents per month: daily omls, 45 cedts per month; Sunday oniy, 20 ceats per month. Orders mny be sent hy mall or tele- puone Maln §000. Collection ia made by car- Tiers at the end of each month Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Daily and Sunday. . 40: Daily only. 1yr, $6.00; Sunday only. : All Other States. _ Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ Daily only “1yr., $7.00;1mo., 80c Sunday only. 1yr, $3.00;1m Member of the Associated Press. The Assoclated Press fa exclusively entitied To the ‘use for republication of all news dis patches credited to it or not otherwis credited this paper and aiso the local aews pub 1! “rights of publication ef Nerein are also reserved. 10hed herein wpectal dispatch Resubmission of Mr. Warren. President Coolidge’s prompt action in resubmitting to the Senate the nomination of Mr. Warren to be At- torney General was unmistakable evi- dence that he considers Mr. Warren in every way the most desirable man fur that office. Moreover, the Presi- dent by his act emphatically reasserts nis right to be the judge of the quali- fications of his Attorney General, a vight vested in him by long custom. But by far and away the most im- portant feature of the case is the fact that the confirmation of & cabl- 1.et appointee has deteriorated into & party issue. That has beem proven. It was conclusively shown the action of Senator Overman. Demo- crat, who first favored comfirmation based on the inquiry made by the committee on the judiciary and then explained the change in his vote, which prevented confirmation, by the frank statement that “my party does not want this man confirmed.” Prior this proof of partisanship, evidence that the con- trolling factor in the case was party politics rather than the qualifications of the appointee was not lacking. The committee on judiciary did not sus- taln the objections urged agalnst Mr. Warren's confirmation on any merit found in them. The action of the regular Republic- ans in sustaining the right of the President to select his own advisers was entirely consistent. The political motives of the non-regular Republic- ans showed through the surface gloss of independent thought. They were out to show their power. The solid vote of the Democrats against com- firmation gvas in itself ample proof— even without Senator Overman's con- fession—that party considerations vather than independent belief in the unfitness of Mr. Warren to be Attor- ney General controlled their votes. 1t is incredible that every Democrat in the Senate should have seen the matter with that degree of conviction in the unfitness of Mr. Warren for the appointment which would warrant the extremely rare action of going con- trary to the President's desires. The President's decision to resub- mit his appointment to the Senate was no doubt largely influenced by these facts. Over and above the presiden- tial right to name his own advisers, even above his undoubted belief that a serious injustice was being done his appointee for purely partisan pur- poses, the obvious dangers of establish- ing any precedent which would make politics the controlling factor in the confirmation of cabinet appointments must have stood out in his mind. For that precedent would tend to render such appointments impossible of con- firmation whenever the control of the Senate is in the hands of those polit- ically opposed to the administration. What the outcome of the resubmis- sion of Mr. Warren's name is to be it is impossible to predict. A second rejection is anticipated on Capitol Hill. The President is ready for the showdown, apparently believing that, after senatorial reflection upon the dangers of the above-indicated prece- dent and the serious responsibility of taking action which reflects upon any man's integrity for no higher pur- pose than the establishment of polit- ical strength, the necessary votes will be forthcoming. The country, known to be strongly pro-Coolidge, will await the outcome with keen and intelligent interest. in to conclusive ———— A rumor has been started to the effect that Europe is trying to lure all the best jazz-band talent from Amer- ica. This tends to contradict the gen- eral impression that Europe is in financtal straits. s The demotion of Gen. Mitchell did not take place soon enough to prevent him from saying about all he had on his mind. ——————— Encouraging the Air Service. Commendation is due the Semate for its action yesterday in promptly confirming President Coolidge’s pro- motion of the two world flyers of the Regular Army and the Officers Re- serve Corps in recognition of their recent achievement in encircling the gldbe. The public at large will be gratified from a sentimental point of view by this act of appreciation by the Government of what Sergt. Og- den and Second Lieut. John Harding, jr.. have done, by their promotion in rank. The other world flvers, all of whom aré members of the Regular Army establishment, were moved up on the promotion list and. as well as Ogden and Harding, were awarded the distingnished service medal and permitted to accept decorations from foreign governments. Theré is another angle, of utilita- rian value, to the Air Service gen- erally in this act of apprecfation by the Government and the Senate of the ®ccomplishments of these men. It will further stimulate interest in the Air Service. There is no feature of the military establishment of more importance to the defense of the Na- tion than the Air Service, nor one in 'whfi:n there is more gemeral public interest. England, France, Japan— indeed. it may be sald the whole world—are recognizing in practical fashfon the paramount importance of this feature of military activity. In America it has recently been the sub- Ject of agitation which has served to attract the attention of the country in notable degree, awakening a popu- lar appreciation of the necessity for extension of our air program. The airmer. are entitied to feel in this act of recognition of the achieve- ment of the world flyers that a grate- ful Government and Senate, as well as an appreciative publie, are follow- ing them with Interest and encour- agement. They can henceforth put their best efforts into their work, con- fident of continued future recognition by the Congress, which must provide appropriations for enlargement of the service. It is an expensive feature of national defense, vet there must be no hesitancy in meeting its require- ments. Unquestionably, the people are alive to the importance of maintaining a sufficient air force to defend the land from attack in this newer and more deadly feature of the sclence Jf warfare and will not countenance gov- ernmental policies which would allow the United States to lag behind in keeping step with the rapidly shift- ing developments therefn. r————— Geneva Protocol Scrapped. t is only the expected that has hap- pened at Geneva. Ever since the day when, at the instance of Japan, there was incorporated in the Geneva pro- tocol a provision that even purely domestic questions might be made subject to international review if they threatened war, it was inevitable that the league project for arbitration, se- curity and disarmament was doomed to failure. The British dominions never would agree to such a program; the British government dare not agree in the face of dominion opposition, and withcut British agreement the protocol was worthless. Austen Chamberlain's speech at Geneva yesterday, in which he de- clared the British government's con- sidered decision against the protocol. had the merit of being definite and un- ambiguous. It was the view of his majesty’s government, he said. that the protocol was more calculated to be a breeder of war than & guarantor of peace. He saw no possibility that it could be rewritten or revised to give promise of accomplishing the pur- pose for which it was designed. No objection was made by the British spokesman to the proposal that the protocol should be referred to the league assembly for reconsideration, mt obviously he regirded this rather as a mode of decent burial than a hope of resurrection. It is apparent, judging from the tone of European press dispatches, that the belief prevails widely that Chamberlain was preaching a funeral oration for the League of Nations as weil as for the Geneva protocel. In advancing the British program for as- surances of peace through regional treaties of defense under the auspices of the league, he suggested that if the league covenant as it stands dees not supply adequate machinery for pre- serving the peace it might be well to alter the covenant until it does. It sounded to his hearers as if the Brit- ish foreign secretary meant to say that the League of Nations did not amount to much after all, and to na- tions which have pinned all their hopes on the efficacy of covenant that was an appalling thought. So in the passing of the Geneva pro- tocol we have only another demonstra- tion that the world has not yet at- tained a state to permit the triumph of idealism over practical and selfish considerations. It was a splendid dream, but has gone the way of dreams. —~———— Political surmise is not receiving much encouragement at present from official sources. Decisions are reached and acted upon without much pre- liminary discussion suggested by ref- erence to remarks from “one high up in authority” er ‘“a person close to the administration.” When a country is in the full enjoyment of peace and prosperity the need of general argu- ment is not so seriously felt. o T camp. Tt has been done in the past to smash filibusters. The much-lauded right of unlimited debate becomes un- der such circumstances merely a test of endurance. If physical endurance is to be the dependence of Senators, then ‘why not a physical examination before a man can become eligible for wervice in the Senate? Ability to hold the floor for eight hours continuously would he a minimum requisite. Mr. Copeland, in his long discussion yesterday and last night, left the sab- ject of the Isie of Pines entirely, as other Senators usually do when they are filibustering. and discussed topics entirely unrelated to the subject be- fore the Senate. Obesity, yellowsfever, mosquitoes, were some of the topics touched upon by the New Yorker, who Is & physician and was formerly health commissioner of New York. In fact, he discussed at one time during the “debate” an essay which he proposed to write entitled “Do Statesmen Dig Their Graves With Their Teeth?” Un- doubtedly some of the Senators have dug theirs filibustering in years gone by. e The Ladybug's Mission. The ladybug, that gentlest, neatest and bestmannered of insects, was once considered only an object of minute beauty, subject of @ pleasant nursery rhyme and beloved of ail little children. Now she—for one always thinks of this species as feminine—is found to be quite a hard- bolled character, relentless and in satiable in pursuit of her chosen prey. Where once she was regarded as a pleasant feature of a drowsy Sum- mer's day, sung to and softly urged into languid flight, she now is col- lected and sold at the tremendous price of $3 a thousand, for she, it is discovéred, is able and willing to con- quer and devour the aphls, a still naller member of the insect world, which, in turn, destroys apple trees. The pudgy little bug, with its rich brown shell-like and speckled wings, catches the aphis by the neck. She is as effective as a spray, though not so rapid. A Martinsburg, W. Va., or- chard owner recently ordered 16,000 of these little warriors from the ap- ple-producing section of Colorado, and expects highly beneficial results from his purchase Opinfons change with the times. The fly. concerning which a charm- ing and almost laudatory nursery song was written, has been found out to be a villain of the deepest dye. The spider, another subfect of ju- venile ditties, is d@iscovered to be not nearly so black as he is painted. The ladybug comes out in an entirely | new character. Other fallactes re- garding familiar tiny winged erea- tures will doubfless be exposed. Who knows but that some day the lantern of the industrious and prosperous mosquito gatherer will flicker in swamp-lands at night? A stay of two months at Bermuda is in contemplation by ex-Secretary of State Charles E. Hughes. Whether he has any political plans for the future | is not known. A great deal of con- structive thinking may be done in two | months. ————— When Senator Jim Reed casts as- persions on newspaper scribbiers he, of course, refers enly to those who become as reckless in their articles a8 a statesman may occasfonally be in his offhand remarks. ————— The Russian Soviet government claims that the Sinclair Ofl Co. exag- | gerated its claims of influence with the United States authorfties when negotiating for leases. Even the best- paid lobbyists are unreliable. ——————— Oil interests place values ranging from $125,000,000 to $250,800,000 on their holdings. If there is 8o much oil waliting to be retailed there should be no immediate fear of e shortage. ———. The war in China goes on without the advantages of systematic propa- ganda which might, enable the av- erage American citizen to exercise some intelligence in taking sides. Every time the Attorney General's office is mentioned somebody in Con- gress wants to start an investigation. The One Man Filibuster. The dread filibuster raised its head in the Senate yesterday, against which Vice President Dawes inveighed in his inaugural address. Senator Copeland of New York, Democrat, opposed the ratification of the treaty with Cuba recognizing the soverelgnty of the Cuban government over the Isle of Pines. The treaty has been pending in the Senate for 20 years, but Senator Copeland declared he was prepared to speak all day and all night to prevent action; he wanted, he said, more time for the consideration of the pact by Senators who have recently assumed thelr duties. There are two ways of handling a filibuster in the Senate, under existing rules. One is to seek cloture under the rule, which must be voted by two- thirds of the Senators present and voting. The other iy te force a vote by continuous sessions of the Senate. The latter is more brutal, but befote the present two-thirds cloture rule was adopted In 1917 it was the only manner of handling a, filibuster. With more than onethird of the Senate Joiring In a filibuster it is the only way to bring about action. The breaking of the Copeland fili- buster was a comparatively simple matter, He was the only Senator willing to go through with it. The Isle of Pines treaty was keépt con- tinuously before the Sewate. Senator Copeland was forced to speak until he had to quit. To be on the sufe side, knowing that more than twosthirds of the Senate were anxious to end the debate, the Republican leader present- ed a motion for cloture, which would have been voted on tomorrow, had other Senators come to the rescue of Mr. Copeland last night with further talk. But the one-man filibuster used up the greater part of two days time of the Senate. Had there been many Senators as determined as he, it might have been necessary to bring cots into the corridors of the Semate, so that Senators might sleep as in an armed SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Genuine Achievement. The Senate some have criticized Again and yet again; Quite recently we've been advised Its toil was not in vain. The public servant of today Is much to be admired ‘Who gets home with a raise of pay Instead of being fired. Studying Effects. “'Will there be a brass band to wel- come you wher you get home?” “No,” answered Senator Sorghum. “Our band is a small, but popular, local organization. When it shows up it gets more applause than I do.” As Usual. They haven't heard the speeches. They haven't read the stuff Writ by the man who teaches That things are going rough. Old friends keep gayly bringing The things for which life begs. The mocking bird is singing And the hen is laying eggs. Jud Tunkins says history is repeat- ing itseif. Firewater ruined the Injuns and gasoline is breaking the white man, Patient Courtesy. “Why do you always turn to cross- word puzzles when that man calls?” “I don’t wish to seem rude,” said Miss Cayenne, “and the cross-word puzzle is very useful. It prevents him from trying to think up his own con- versation.” Back to. the Ballet. Now let the bailet boidly prance. Ne more should censors balk. T'd rather see the actors dance Than listen to them tafk. “Coal has got so dear,” said Uncle Eben, “dat a man dat tends de fur-[f ngce is in de trusted employe class.”* { i i | ; HE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. . _—_——m— — THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. & on time to work is about the easfest thing en employer asks of an employe, therefore it would seem to be only common sense for workers to comply. Yet any one who has had experience with modern business knows that be- ing on time Is the last thing some em- ployes do. They may be fine men, capable girls, but they Insist on be- ing late to work. . They seem to regard it as a sort of divine right. For them, at least, it starts the day right. The boss is an old grouch for wanting a fellow to be Johnny-on-the-spot. He comes rolling down when he gets ready— why should the hands kave to hnmp themselves? Even In the Governrient service, where tardiness is penalized by tak- ing more than a pro rita share off the annual vacation, clerks and other workers are late time and time again. You can see them scurrying along the sidewalks any morning at 5:55 o'clock, even running, in thelr effort to be “on time.” They will be late, of course, no matter how much they hurry. Take @ streec car at 10 minutes to 9 am, and you will immediataly see a carload of persons who are going to be late tor work, In the main. Some ot them may marage to squeeze under the wire, but most of them will et in late, and have to pretend they do not sec the glance cast at them by the chief of thelr room Tardiness begins in tie fust grade, and follows man down through his varfous ages. Not being on tine for work Knows no time lim:t. It is no respecter of persons. It gets the old into its clutches as wall as the young. The serious and well meaning acquire the hablt almost as easily as frivilous and indifferent employes. * % x % Being late to work is a bad habit, nothing more nor le s not an Inherited trait, or a disposition to- ward meanness. It is not something which the empioyes acquire to rile the boss. Not at all Being late is simply a bad habit. Like most bad habits, too, it grows upon one. The serolus worker, allow- ing himself to be late for work a few times, sodn comes to the point where he mever hears the alarm clock. Pope said of vice that it Is of so horrid a mien it needs but to be seen to be hated, but which, enduring, man soon comes to tolerate. So it is with this bad habit of being late to work Once let yourself get into the clutch of this fell circumstance, you fimally end up by feeling as if you had every right in the world to start your work- ing day with what is nothing more nor less than a violation of the initial | rule of all, This {nitial requirement is: Be on time! Surely, as order is Heaven's first law, God must have a set time even for His angeis to report. So it is nothing hostile on the part of the boss of any mundane work to| establish a fixed time for the hands to appear to take up their duties for the day. It is a necessary thing. Work has to start some time. Any employe will admit that. So ~rhen the time is fixed it follows as the day the night that the workers ought to be there to do the work This requires no elaborate argu- ment. There is not an employe any- where who will not agree to it. But there are many workers who, while upholding the theory, will vio- late the practice. Alas for human nature! * o ok % Now, it Is just as easy to be on time for work as it is to be late. I do not mean any slavish adherence to get rues. If there Is any real reason for tardimess, no employer should Qquestion it. Most of them will not. If your street car is in an accident— are—no honest worker need Worry about being late. If your automo- bile gets a puncture, or you run out of gas, taridiness is Inevitable. The point is, that once a person makes a habit of being on time, It is just as easy—and a darn sight more comfortable—to get to the office at the appointed hour, as to come trail- ing In a few minutes behind time each morning. Personally, I have yet to meet an employe who enjoys being late to work. All that [ have ever had the good fortune of knowing felt a sense of incomplateness in being tardy. Your average man or woman is a pretty decent sort. (The writer of these lines has been complimented many times on belng “so human. This comes about simply because he believes that what he thinks others think, too. If he has a good or gen- erous sentiment, he feels that his readers have as good. If he finds traits in himself which he dues not care for, he equally feels that his readers, having much the same traits, will understand.) Your average worker, then, gets no joy eut of being late. Down in his heart he knows that it ls a pretty poor way to start his working day. His working day! Whether one likes his work or not, it 1s his, for better or for worse. His cat stalks mice for food; he works at an office to get his. The cat Is not | late at the mouse hole; man should be on time at his ofice Eelng on time {s the least thing an employer expects of an employe. When this demand Is balanced against the requirements of work, it appears trivial in comparison. It is simply asking the worker to help himself by toeing the mark. Be- ing on time in the morning sets a man up as nothing eise does. It helps ‘him more than it does the boss. x %k * By being on time to work in the morning, one saves himself from in- digestion, hurry, worry, the feeling of incompleteness, the vague feeling of failing, if ever so lttle, the neces- sity of explanations, of making ex- cuses. Just as there Is the bad habit of be- ing late, there Is the good habit of being on time. What a lucky thing! It is simply a matter of getting up in time. Every one has a certain number of dutles to perform when he arises, such as shaving, shaking the furnace, ete. They take a certain time, varying with the individual. To attempt to cram an hour's work into 30 minutes is attempting the im- ible. It simply cannot be done. acquire the good habit of being on time, it is necessary to give one's self time. The way to give one’s self time is to get up early enough to grab it out of the beauttful rosy hours of dawn. The dawn Is something modern eity dwellers know little about, for the rrason that they seldom get up early enough to get acquainted Yet the morning hours are among the most charming of the day, to any right constituted person. May I say again. I think most people are right conmstituted? That is my creed, if I have any. This is not a decadent age, as the Bishop of Washington well says Get up in the morning, first peep of dawn over the hills—or over the roofs, if you have no hills handy: slap the sleep out of your ayes with cold water; shiver under a cool shower, glow under a towel. Get out on the street half an hour ahead of your usual schedule and en- joy the happiness of having plenty of Father Time's staple necessity. Give the boss a treat by shewing up to work minutes ahead of time. The | Old Boy will enjoy it—and so will which, by the way, street cars seldom | you! WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Tmme: more is involved in the Coolidge-Senate hostilities that have new opened than Mr. Warren's own fate. In a sense, he has offered himself as the sacrificfal lamb upon the altar of administration authority. In other words, Warren is to serve as arably the case for testing whether Calvin | Coolidge or the “Borah bloe” is to prevail im the Sixty-ninth Senate of the United States. The White House has been conscious for some time that sooner or later that vital issue would have to be thrashed out. In the immortal language of a certain advertising slogan, if eventually, why not now? The President and his im- mediate cirele of political lisutenants like Senators Rutler. Curtis and Wat- son see no virtue in letting a bad situation drift steadily to worse. They think a major operation. that can nip it in the bud, i3 prefarable to a festering growth that would cause chronic consequences. * ok ok ¥ There is that specifically political angle in the Warren matter. But over and above the question of “su- premacy” in the Senate is the far more vital issue of the President's mastership over his own cabinet. In reversed clrcumstanees the contro- versy now current is on all fours with the Senate’s demand for the re- moval of Edwin Denby from the Sec- retaryship of the Navy. Then the Senate, in effect, asserted the right to dictate who should be put out of Mr. Coolidge’s cabinet. Now the Sen- ate, in effect, is setting up the pre- tension that it has the right to say who should be put in the Coolidge cabinet. * X % x On February 12, 1924, the President gemt the Senate his famous message anent Denby. which began like this: No offieial reeognition can be given to the passage of the Sen- ate resolution relative to their opinion concerning members of the cabinet or other officers under executive control. % * * The dis- missal of an officer of the Govern- ment, such as is involved in this case, other than by impeachment is exclusively an executive func- tion. I regard this as a vital prin- ciple of our Government.” * K % % Then, to elinch the case for his in- violable authority over his own cab- inet, Mr. Coolidge added: “In discussing this principle, Mr. Madison has well sald: ‘It is laid down fn most of the constitutions or bills of rights in the republes of America, it Is to be found in the political writings of the most celebrated clvillans, and it is everywhere held as essential to the preservation of liberty that the three great departments of Government should be kept sep- arate and distinct.’ * %k % x After Madison, President Coolidge quoted Grover Cleveland on the In- alienable cabinet rights of the Chief Executive President Cleveland likewise stated the correct principle in dis- cussing requests and demands made by the Senate upon him and upon different departments of ‘the Government, in which he sald: ‘They ‘assume the right of the Senate to sit in judgment upon the exercise of my executive dis- cretion and executive fanction, for which I am solely responsible to the people from whom I have so lately recetved the sacred trust of office. My oath to support and defend the Constitution, my duty to the people who have chosen me to exercise the powers of this great office and not to refinquish them, and my duty to the chief magistracy which I must preserve unimpaired in all its dignity and vigor, compel me to refuse com- pliance with these demands.’ " Coolidge followed this terse bit of Clevelandesque English with the | Statement: ~ “The President is re- sponsible to the people for his con- duct relative to the retention or dis- missal of public offief I assume | that responsibility * e * * % x The Senate’s case for the right to et ple was thus put by Senator Reed on March 10 in the course of his ti- rade against Warren: “When our fathers established this Government they did not set up a one-man Government. They made the President commander- in-chief of an army, but they gave him no army to command. For that he must come to Congre: They made him eommander-in- chief of a navy, but they gave him no navy to sail the seas. For must come to Congress. made him the head of all the executive departments of the Government, but those depart- ments cannot function for a sin- gle day save Comgress shall sanc- tion it by the appropriation of money. They gave him the power to appoint certain officers, but in every instance, unless Congress waives | right, he must make tho: appointments by and with the advice and consent of the Sen- ate. Moreover. substantially all of these executive offices, and particularly this office (the Attor- ney Generalship) were created by the Congress. We made the of- fice. The Constitution did not make it. There is no such thing as & presidential cabinet. It is a mere name—a mere figure of speech that has been devised.” * X K * As surely as the stars spangle in the heavens, these United States of gurs are sitting on the edge of epoch-making history. (Copyright, 1925.) Scared by Autos. Children Afraid to Cross Street, Writer Says. To the Editor of The Star: I was especially interested in the letter published in today's Star, under the heading “Safety In Reciprocity,” becanse of an incident I witnessed is morning. O we business at the office of the National Congress of Parents and Teachers, 1201 Sixteenth street, I drove south om that street to a point opposite the oftice and crossed the street at the intersectfon. Being somewhat courageous, I crossed in spite of the oncoming stream of trafic. Half way across I metagroup of perhaps six eolored children, evi- | dently on thelr way to school. They were terror-stricken and afraid to proceed to the sidewalk. Having transacted my business at 1201, I returned to the intersectfom, and upon reaching the center of Stx- teenth street I found the same group of children, still unable to reach the sidewalk in safety. At the same time there were numbers of other children approaching the same corner. This Was about 9 a.m—evidently ¢ daily occurrence. J. D. CONNOR. March 6, 192 enjoy the | take a finger in the making of cabi- | FRIDAY, MARCH 13, 1925 THE PUBLIC LIBRARY 12. Books of Adventure. The great Dr. Johnson condemns the authors of travel books ‘“who pass a desert and tell that it is sandy; who cross a valley and find that it is green. He that reads those books must consider his labor as its own reward, for he will find noth- ing ¢p which attention can fix or which memory can retain.” “The globe trotter who travels for days and writes for weeks” is also crit- icized by Kipling. Though the reader may well shun the travel records of such writers, nevertheless Winter days have a tendency to arouse the spirit of wanderlust which makes good travel books most attractive. Dependent upon the mood, one may care especially for exploration int> little known lands abounding In thrillin, adventures or the more leisurely and comfortable sofourning in civilized countries related with keen appreciation of the significant factors and in a style which differ- entfates literature from book-making. A book of the former kind is “On the Gorilla Trall” (G76-B7230), the mere title of which suggests adven- ture and thrills. Mary Hastings Bradley found them aplenty, when “with 2 gun In one hand and & baby in the other,” accompanied by her husband and a party of sclentints from the American Museum of Natu- ral History of New York, she jour- neyed into the Eastern Kongo to bring back material for a museum group and photographic and sclentific records. She writes fascinatingly of thrilling lfon and elephant hunts, of “dead” lions that roared and of the Kongo, where “your worst fears are never realized, but something that you didn’'t fear happens inatead” In addition to the exciting incidents of her journey, Mrs. Bradley also draws beautiful pletures of the dark con- |l1nrnt. Of her thought upon leaving Africa she writes: “Lost 1o us were the vast spaces, the splendor of wa- ters, the mad glory of volcanones, the falry isles of hidden lakes, the en- chantment of cloud-wrapped helghts; lost the solitude and the heauty and freedom that make our civilization seem a prison and a marlet place.” “We had to go out and hunt hard for all dangers that we had,” wrote Mrs. Bradley. There are explorers, however, to whom they have come without secking and brought tremen- dous hardship. Algot Lange, author of “In the Amazon Jungle (G99- L26i) journeyed Into the headwaters of the Amazon, a deadly region where few men have gone and lived to make a record of it, in search of fresh rub- ber trees. Assalled by swamp fevers and sicknesses, bitten by insects and reptiles, Mr. Lange came finally, the lone survivor, into the territory of the Mangeroma cannibals, who re- stored him to health and guided him back to clvilization. His account of his stay with these people, of their weapans, habits, form of battle and method of cooking the human cap- tives, forms one of the specially in- 1 ter ing parts of the book and is at the same time a valuable contri- bution to the ethnology of the western Amazon region “Red Dt and the Morrow" (F5466-D3885r), by Sir Faul Dukes, is |# svirited adventure book which par- lli\k-vv largely of the nature of a de- |tective story. The author went to Russia as an official of the English Secret Intelligence Service, his main object being to ascertain the Russian peoples’ point of view of the Com- munist experiments of the bolshevik government. With the afd of numer- ous disguises and names, he lived among the Russian people, now as an employe of the extraordinary com- mission of the Soviet government, now as a soldier in the red army {and at other times as a peasant. The ! conclusions he draws on the present government and the possibilities of the future Russian nation are most { illuminating. | After the great war, two aviators, seeking solitude, repose and “adven- | ture in the sense of unexpected inci- { dent rather than of hazardous activ- ity,” vielded to an old longing and went to the South Seas ery Lands {of the Seuth Seas” (G16-HI144) is a beautiful portrayal of the native life and folk lore of the islands where {they lived a year. Notable for its effective descriptions and the dreamy | atmosphere and charm of the islands which they make the reader feel it will be enjoyed even by those who Poke fun at South Sea Island enthus- { lasta, No list of thrilling adventure tales, however short, would be complete without one dealing with the experi- | ences of Arctic or Antarctic explorers | “South™ (G149-Shizso), by Sir Ernest Shackleton, is o detailed account of ‘Sha(.klr'(uns last expedition, 1914-17, ‘an attempt to cross the Antarctic continent from sea to sea via the ll'uln-. Extracts from diaries and cellent illustrations make the experi- ences of the explorers particularly vivid, and one is impressed by their splendid spirit in the face of severe cold, hourly danger, short rations and the greatest personal privations. Two books that tuke the reader to still different lands are mural Trails” (G67-K637s) and “By Camel and Car to the Peacock Throne™ (G63- P87). The first is & charming book on Japan as two travelers w it who little known ways and unfrequented places. The dry humor of the author lends additional charm to his narra- tive. The second hook takes one | through Palestine, across the Syrian | Desert, through Mesopotamia and Persfa to Teheran and back through Kurdistan, and includes capture by Bedouin brigands and numerous other eexciting incidents. This book is also informative for its historical reflections and comparisons and for the light it throws on the political situation in the respective countries, ——— Christian Science Doctrine Explained To the Editor of The Sta In your issue of last Saturday there appeared a news item stating that Dr. Sun Yat Sen had been kept alive by the “magical powers of a famous Chinese faith healer, who fol. lows similar lines to Christian Sci- enc Christian Science has nothing in common with faith healing but is based on the understanding of the operation of the law of God in human consclousness. The power which operates to heal in Christian Science is not “magical” but divinely natu- ral. Mrs. Eddy, the discoverer and founder of Christian Science, tells us in Science and Health, with key to the Scriptures, page 297: “Until belief becomes faith, and faith be- comes spiritual understanding, hu- man thought has little relation to the actual or divine.” PHILIP KING, Christian Science Committee on Publi- cation for the District of Columbia. —— v ‘Where Smoot Differs. Erom the Baltimore Sun. One difference between Senator Smoot and allied statesmen is that the Utah Senator {s worried over the non-payment cf their debts to us. ——— in Silence. From the Richmend Times-Dispatch. It silence is golden, President Cool- ldge ought to be rated among the richeset men in the United States. An ounce of sense will disguise a pound of ignorance.—Kalamazoo Ga- Rette. | service. made their journey on foot, following | [ ernments Q. Where Is the Phillips Memorial Gallery?—B. H. A. It s at 1608 Twenty-first strest. The gallery s open on Tuesday, Sat- urday and Sunday afternoons until 8 o'clock. Q. Where can one go in bathing between Washington and Marshail Hall and Marshall Hall and Morgan- town?—W. H. L A. The office of ths District engi- neer says that there are no places to go In bathing between Marshall Hall and Washington. However, the following are between Washington and Morgantown: Sandy Point, Mary- land side, 35 miles; Clifton Beach, Maryland side, 40 miles; Chapel Point, Maryland stde, 88 miles, and Morgantown, Maryland side, 62 miles. Q. When wad the ‘“Rosary” written? —M. A A. Ethelbert Nevin filed the “Rosary" for copyright in the Library of Con- gress, Washington, D. C., In 1898, Q. What is the religious affiliation of each justice of the Supreme Court? —R. 8 W. A Chief Justice Taft ts a Unitarian, Assoclate Justices Van Devanter, San- ford, Sutherland and Stone are Epis- copallans, Oliver W. Holmes is a Con- gregatlonalist, Plerca Butler 2 Roman Catholic, James McReynolds a Meth- odist and Louls Brandeis a Jew. Q. Why was the plrate's flag—the skull and crossbones—known as the Jolly Roger’—A. W. L. A. The Marine Research Society of Salem, Mass., suys that it has no exact information «s to how the name Jolly Roger originated, but it was in use as early as 1720, when it was smployed by Capt. Roberts. In early times Roger was a canting term for rogue, and a Jolly Roger, therefore, would have its meaning as a Jjolly rogue. Q. How many Zeppelins were brought down in England”—E. A A. Records state that 13 Zeppelins wers destroyed in England during the war. The L-33 was forced to earth cloge to London. Q. How far from the gun {s the bul- iet when the report is heard?—L. P. A. The National Rifle Assocfation says that it is impossible to say how far a bullet wiil travel from the gun before the report s heard. The sound occurs when the powder explodes, when the alr cleses behind the bul- let, and third, when the air closes behind the column of powder gases. The sound may be heard when the bullet {s from 8 to 10 {nches from the muzzle of the gun and is heard all the way as the air is constantly clo; ing behind the bullet Q. How does the area of Australia compare with that of Canada?—J. . The area of Australia s 2,974 square miles; that of Canada, 729,685, Q. How many West Point graduates fought in the war’—J. H. G. A Thers wera 2,081 West graduates who served during 1,784, Point in the Army the World War. Of thes Or 58 pe:r cent had overseas Thirty-three were kiiled in action or died of wounds. Forty-one were wounded but survived. Q. Can the drums of the Indians be correctly called tom-toms?—W. A. The Bureau of American Eth- nology says that tem-tom is from Hindustan tamtam, a kind of drom used in Indfa. The name seems well applied to the drums of our Ameri- can Indlans, which are of similar construction. Q. Is a collie always a shepherd dog?—J. S. A. The terms shepherd and collie as applied to dogs may be used in- terchangeably. The collle was origi- How Funding of BY WILLIAM ARTICLE While Government officials here wait with undisguised eagerness the tax eollection returns from internal revenue collectors next Monday in the hope that they will flash a signal for early tax reduction, two other sub- jects directly related to tax reduc- tion also are under earnest consider- ation. Both have a direct bearing on the possibility of early reduction. The first of these is the necessity L. i for funding the debt owed the United States by France and Italy which now totals about $5,000.000,000, princi- pal and interest. In addition, France AW $407,000,000 upon which inter- st is being paid. If those debts were funded on a basis similar to the funding basis of the British debt, tax reduction could be accomplished hand- somely andequickly The second subject relates to the market value of United States se- curities. If that is kept well above par, it will mean about $130,000,060 a year in cash in the United States Treasury which we do not now re- ceive in that form. That sum could be applied either to tax reduction or to reducing the public debt. At the present time, it is applied mainly to reducing the public debt and the tax- payers receive little immediate bene- | fit from it Pays Cash or Securities. Why? Because the $130,000,000 is paid us annually in interest by the British government under its funding arrangement. Great Britain has the option of paying this Interest either in cash or United States securities. When she can buy our securities at a shade under par, she pays in secur- ities. When they go above par, It Is to her interest to pay cash instead. And when Great Britain pays her annual interest in the form of United States securities, the Treasury at Washington has no choice but to re- tire the $130,000,000 thus pald. Were the payment to be made in cash, the cash would swell the surplus and add 130,000,000 to the possibilities for early tax reduction. Thus it is decid- edly to the interest of the taxpayer wanting tax reduction that American Government securities seil at a price which will make it more attractive to the British government to pay her interest in cash, rather than our obli- gations. The last payments from Great Britain were made partly in cash and partly in American Government se- curitfes which carried but 2% per cent interest. The low interest rate made it possible for Great Britain to Buy up the securities to the extent of many millions at prices somewhat below par. It is quite likely that the next payment from Great Britain will be made in the same manner as the Iast. In the case of our unfunded foréign eradits, American taxpayers are now required to pay taxes amounting to about $195,000,000—possibly a few millions more—every vear. In other words, the American taxpayer is pay- ing mterest on about $4,600,000,000 ralsed on Liberty bonds during the war and lent to France and Italy. Unpaid interest on these loans has accumulated against these two gov- to the extent of about $1,400,000,000 additional. . ‘Would Mcan Tidy Revenue. If these two debts, totaling $6,000,- 900,000 principal and interest, could be fundéd under the same arrange- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J.. HASKIN nally the so-called working dog of the Scottish sheep herder and often- times spoken of as shepherd dog. Careful breeding and care have con- verted this dog Into the aristocratic collfe of todzy. The Scotch collie is divided Into two classes, rough-hair- ed and smooth-coated varieties, Other species include the Welsh bobtail col- e, Ol4 English shesp dog, Pomera nlan sheep dog and Schipperke. The police dogs which have come into the limelight since the war are shep. herd dogs police trained. Q. How far is it across Death V. ley?—C. E. L. A. Death Valley is 150 miles long It varies greatly in breadth, being in few places less than 10 miles wide and in some places having twice that breadth, while the distance from summit to summit of the bordering ranges is 20 to 30 miles. Q. How was the the District financed?—H H. F A. During the Mexican War when Gen. Scott captured the City of Mex- 1co he assessed the city $200,000 for the care of the sick and wounded Of this §200,000, $118,000 was left over from expenses and when the act was passed _establishing the Soldfers Home this money was appropriated There was also money donated by in dividuals. Q. Who is the commander of the Asiatic Fleet?—S. A. R A. Rear Admiral Thomas Wash ington is now commander-in-chief of the Asiatic Fleet. He is on the U. & S. Huron, Q. What initlals should a married woman use for her monogram M. B A. The monogram of a married woman depends upon her personal preference. When Annie Marle Smith becomes the wife of Mr. Brown she may use the initfals A. M. B, A. M S. B. or A. S. B. The last is the mos: popular form of monogram used by a married woman. Q. Who makes helium gas: expensive, and how is it shipped? C. C C A The United Statas Governmen: has taken control of the manufac ture of helium in the United States and since that time the cost of he- | tum has been greatly reduced. How 'over it is still a very expensive gas It is not sold to individuals, but is used exclusively by the Govarnment In an airship helium is contained in | cells within a cotton fabric covered with goldbeaters’ skin. It is shipped | in ordinary gas containers. | = | Q@ Does the Government much money because of paper rency that is lost?—P. L. A. The Government does not actu ally realize any profit from pape money which is lost, even though theoretically it does. The money still held in the Treasury vault against outstanding paper currenc and unless Congress passed such bill that this money might be taker cut of the reserve fund, no actua profit would be derived. make cur Q. How far north can the South ern Cross be seen?—B. A. M. A. The central region of the cros is in south declination 60°. Conse quently, it will just comse to the southern horizon when the Iatitude is equal to 90°—60°; that is, 30° north latitude. But haze and fog near the sea horizon will usually obscure the cross until a latitude 6 or 7 degrees farther south has bean reached. Goos views of it may be expectsd at Tropic of Cancer, and they improv with the journey farther south. (Let The Star Information Burcan Frederic J. Haskin, director, Twenty first and C strests northwest. ansuwr your question. The only charge for thi service is 2 cents in stamps for retwrn postage.) TAX REDUCTION UNCERTAIN Foreign Debt Would Assure an Immediate Cut. P. HELM, JR. ment as the British debt, Francs and { Italy would pay into the American Treasury a a year. That would relieve the Amer- lcan taxpayers to that extent Now $180,000,000 a y present load would be equiv: substantial redugtion—one approach ing in dimensions the tax reduction Qf 1924. There is no immedliate pros- pect of the debts being funded under | any such desirable arrangement. Yet when they are funded, what other arrangement could be made. In fus tice to Great Britain? Washington | officials regard the presence of those | two great unfunded debts as the one | weak spot in our national finances Officials are fully aware of the pos sibilities of tax reduction that lle in debt-funding and are extremely anx |ious to make some such arrangement | but the subject is so delicate that prog- | ress necessarily will be slow. How | ever, this much s regarded as certain when those two debts are funded under some such plam, another tax reduction will immediately become possible | A third factor relating direc | the contemplated tax reduction at the | next session of Congress is the spend ings of Congress ltself. The past Congress was not a spending Con- gress, as compared with some of fts predecessors, but it did upset the | President’s budget plan to some ex | tent on several occasions. And whfle } it didn’t actually spend a tremendous amount over and above the ordinary running expenses, it went through the gesture of threatening to spend a huge outlay. Some Spendings by Congress. At one time there were pending in the last Congress bills calling for the appropriation of about $4,000,- 000,000 in excess of the ordinary ex- penses of the Government. The sol dier bonus bill, which became law over the President’s veto, adds about $70,000,000 to our annual expense. The postal pay bill, it is estimated. will add about $22.000,000 more, that sum representing the excess in salary payments over the amount which will be realized from higher postal rates It will be recalled that Congress also passed a bill increasing pensions This the President vetoed and the veto was sustained. Increased pen slons as proposed would have added about $40,000,000 more to the annual running expenses of the Government The original postal pay bill would have added many more millions. By enacting legislation that adds to the Government's running expem ses, the next Congress can defeat any and all tax reduction proposals made by the President. For the surplus cannot be used by Congress as spending money and by the tax payer for tax reduction at the same time. That factor, too, will intrude itseir for consideration when President Coolidge proposes tax reduction. He will be under the necessity of ascer taining how much money Congress may reasonably be expected to spend over the ordinary running expenses of the Government. If the amount is large, its effect will be felt in the tax reduction proposal. For Congress is the boss of the Treasury. The White House may pro- pose all manner of economles, but Congress has the final say. It can upset any Executive proposal of that sort at any time. (Copyright, 1925.)