Evening Star Newspaper, March 8, 1925, Page 38

HE EVENING With Sunday Mornin, STAR WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY...... -..March 8, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES. . . . Editor Business Office, 11th 8t. New York Office: 10 East 42nd St. Chicago Office: Tower Building. European Office: 16 Regent 8t,,Londos, England. nd Pennsylvania Ave The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning edition, is delivered by carrie ‘within the city af 80 cents per month: 45 centsaper month: Sunday only. per month. Orders may be xent by mail or tele- phone Maln 5000, Collection ix made by car- Tiers at the end of each month. in Advance. Maryland Virginia. Daily and Sunda Daily only Sunday only All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.0 Daily on Sunday only Member of the Assoclated Preas. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled fe the use for repubiication of all news dis- Patches credited to it or not etherwise credited in this paper and also the local news pub- lighed ‘herein. ~All rights of publication. of special d'spatches herein are also reserved. The World Court. In addition to its legislative duties the Senate of the United States passes upon all treaties with foreign nations before they become effective, and it confirms nominations of high execu- tive and judicial officers appointed by the President. It cannot legislate or attend to legislative business in the absence of the House. But it can, and does, transact “executive busine the consideration of nominations and treaties without respect to_the Hause or its befng in session. The Senate is now in special ses- slon, without the House. It is able to devote its whole time and atten- tion to foreign affairs and such nomi- nations as the President may send to it. For that reason proponents of the adherence of the United States to the World Court are urging that the pro- tocol providing for such adherence be taken up and disposed of at this time. From the standpoint of the trans- action of public business, it wouM ap- pear that the consideration of the World Court protocol should proceed during the present session of the Sen- ate. It is a matter that will lead un- doubtedly to much debate. It is a mat- ter that a very considerable number of the people are interested in. It is a matter which was laid before the Senate for its consideration and ap- proval by the late President Harding more than two years ago. President Coolidge has in his messages to Con- gress and in his recent inaugural ad- dress recommended faverable action by the Senate on the protecol, with réservations. With ample time at its command the Senate might well tackle this| problem and dispose of it, one way or another. 1If it be put off again until| the regular session of the Congress, | the Senate will, with the House, face | the need of framing and putting | “through a large program of legisla-| tion. Congress, meeting then, for the first time since its election, will be called upon to translate into law -the. piedges given by the Republicans dur- ing the campaign. This program wil include many domestic matters of great importance—tax reduction and reform, farm legislation, railroad legislation, etc. It may well be that the World Court proposal would again be sidetracked if allowed to go over now until December. There will be a demand by Congress to get away from ‘Washington by June or July, 1926. Another campaign will be under way. Tentative plans have been made to consider during the present session the treaty with Cuba regarding the sovereignty of the Isle of Pines and the treaty with Turkey—the treaty of | Lausanne. There has been talk, too, of Senator Borah. chairman of: the| foreizn relations committee, pressing | for action on a resolution looking to the recognition of the Russian govern- ment by the United States. All of these matters are important and should be considered, proponents of the World Court admit, but they say there is no reason why the World Court protocol should not be included in such a program. Naturally, opponents of adherence of the United States to the World Court in the Senate are against tak- ing it up now—or any time. There must, however, be a large number who see the matter from the admin- istration’s viewpoint. Of course, Senators are anxious to shake the dust of Washington from their feet to seek other climes. It should be remarked, however, that during the last two years, the period of the Sixty-eighth Congress, the Sen- ate had been in Washington for a total of a little more than nine months. If it adjourns now, the re- cess will continue for eight menths and more. If the World Court matter is ever to be taken up, every argu- ment save that of senatorial recrea- tion would seem to indicate that now is“the time. sense of insecurity, everywhere.” Ploy If ‘only the security*oB.France and Belgium were involvéd” < problem would be less difficult; for Gérmany seems to have acceptedithé afatus quo of boundaries in the Weat, gnd: to have become reconciled to the 08§ of Alsace and Lorraine. But Frarce Teéls moral- ly bound to tie up with her own se- curity the security of Poland, and Ger- many is not willing to regard as per- manent her losses of territory-in the East. It is understood, though not con- firmed, that her proposal for a four cornered pact guaranteeing - the France-Belgian frontiers involves im- mediate evacuation of the Rhineland, and reservation of the right of arbjtr tion before The Hague tribunal of the question of her Eastern frontiers. Against this both Poland and Czecho- slovakia have protested, and have beerr given assurance of French support. It appears to be the view in Parjs that France would gladly evacuate the Rhineland in return for a British guar- antee of security, with or without Ger. man adherence to the agreement, but that unless Germany came to an un- derstanding with Poland with respect to reservations regarding Eastern boundaries France could not afford to zive assent to such réservations. The subject will be at the forefront of discussion at' the coming meeting of the League of Nations, and is bound to have an jmportant bearing an the fate of the Geneva protocol for arbitra- tion, sécurity and disarmament. It is indicated that Premier Herriott swill make a final effort at Geneva to save| the protocal, but the belief is growing that ‘British thumbs are down on the project. lech reigns — Gen. Mitchell Transferred. Gen. William Mitchell was undoubt- edly aware of four important facts when “he determined upon his course of sensational criticism of the policies of his superiors in the matter of air. craft development for American de- fense. He knew that thé United States v, for one reason or another, dangerously underequipped in the matter of air defense or offense. He knew that the only way to- awaken the Nation to this truth, with a view to stimulating popular insistence es: sential to its correction, was for some one to get the ear of the Nation. He knew that the only effective means open to him for the attaining of the ear of the Nation was to make his tes- timony before Congress so sensational as'to insure national publicity. And he knew that to do so would undoubt- edly cost him whatever chance he had for reappointment to his post of assis- tant chief of the Army Air Service. That, knowing these facts, he should bave elected to “go through” bespeaks the fine courage of Gen: Mitchell's convictions, There can be few among his severest critics who have ‘not sensed behind his weakness of at times confusing sensationalism with Intemperate assertion and extravagant claims, the earnest and Honest desire of the man to render a great public service. That service he has’rendered, and provided there are those who, alive to the fundamental truths he testified to in the matter of the need for improve- ment in our air services, will not per- mit thosé truths to fade from adminis- trative and legislative attention, it was a service which any man would rejoice to have rendered. Whether or not Gen. Mitchell, had he never elected to render that serv- ice, would have been treappointed to his post of assistant chief will never be known.- Rotation is the rule rather than the exception in the temporary appointments and it is quite possible that, with the four-year tenure of his detail completed, even despite the zeal and energy he has displayed as Gen. Patrick's immediate subordinate, the rotation would have been applied. Yet, having chosen his course—the course of going over the heads of his | superiors—it became clear to all, as it must have been clear 1o the general | from the first, that, -unless he was to overshadow Gen. Patrick, the highest of War.and Nayy, Gen. Mitchell, in the interest of the maintenance of dis: cipline, would have to make way for a successor. It may be confidently stated that the general, sensitive to the duties of his superiors in the matter, will carry no bitterness in his. heart to his new post. And with equal confidence the assertion may be made that, with his motives in the whole controversy be- coming clearer and clearer as one con- siders them, he will carry with him the admiration and esteem of the service and the country at large for one who does his duty as he sees it with courage and unselfishness. For without in any way condoning certain of his methods, the ends he sought were those essential to American se. curity and that fact must not be for- gotten, > . § Lo 251>l The enforcement of a corstitutional amendmient itself is at times a matter of no more delicate exactitude than the enforcement of Senate rules. ———————— The frequent announcement that public entertainers receive salaries larger than that of the President of the United States no longer causes surprise. It is possible to commercial- ize act, but not statesmanship. e A Shoals Commission. President Coolidge is being urged by naval officers and even'the Secretaries | under terms which will bring'a return that has some relatign to the {values there. There has Been 80 much’ mis- representation, deliberate and other- wise, so many conflicting claims and assertions, that the. c mind is con fused and does: not khow what to be- lieve. A thorough investigation by non-political experts would serve to clarify the problem. % The one point upon which the pub- lic, taken as a whole, has made up its mind is that it wants no experiment in Government ownership at Muscle Shoals. Even those who believe in the theory, of Government ownership of public utilities, if they are well in- formed, ‘are inclined to shy at owner- ship of hydro-electrical developments. Production of hydro-electric power is a developinig and progressive industry, and such industries are the last vpon which Government ‘ought to lay its withering hand. 1f the experiment of Government ownership is to be tried at all it should be tried first with some industry. which is ‘stabilized and more nearly standardized. The' development and distribution of electrical energy is only In’lts fnfancy. It promises much for the welfare of mankind, but it can tulflll that promise only by. initiative and daring inspired by hope of rich re- wards. Government .ownership, which could offer no rich rewards to inspire initiative and daring, would siow up development and retard by many years fulfillment of the promise. Reoceipts of the Ball. Much has beén written of the suc- cess of the cbarity inaygural ball as a fete of music, costume.and pleasure. Now we get:the report of the material .| 8ood done by it for long-established child charities in Washington and for the police and-firemen’s pension fund. Receipts from the ball were $40,000 and 24 hours after the music'ended all accounts were checked and the money put in bank. No doubt there Wwill be a prompt distribution of the und. to the worthy causes for the benefit of which the ball was held. The sum of meney taken in was far greater than the sum realized by the first charity inaugural ball at the ad- vent of the administration” of Presi- dent Harding. It seems certain that the charity inaugural ball will be a feature of successive inaugurations at ‘Washington and its promoters believe that the plan for raising money for charity will be followed at the inaugu- ration of governors'of States. * It was an easy and effective way of raising money. It appealed to the 800d nature of a host of persons, ap- pealed to the general desire for danc- ing and also gave an opportunity to attend an historic ball. Memorable festivities have rather a large place in the history of America and the charity inaugural ball of 1925 will come to take its place among them. The dress worn,’ the program and other things will become in many instances cher- ished heirloomg of a family. Thou- sands of persons feel that the money was well spent and they have the sat- isfaction of knowing that it was de. voted to a use of especial merit. A word'of praise should bé given to those generous persons who by giving the sum needed to pay the whole cost of the entertainment made, it possibie to give to. charity every dollar paid by those who attended. —— e, If the interest attached to the sarly proceedings of the Benate could have been foreseen, arrangements might have been made to broadcast them. ————— “Padlock” methods of Volstead en- forcement will not discourage the de. termined drinker. Key rings carry keys as well as corkscrews. ——————— The War Department scored con- spleuously with Gen. Mitchell as a target for anti-aircraft tests. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The New Rhetoric. The world's‘a stage We haye beén told— New phrases rage “In‘accents bold, And oftén cause A sense of pain ‘That stills applause 'Mid speech profans. " The world's a stage— Let's keep serene. Cuss ‘words engage ‘The mimic scene. But there's no doubt, 'Mid talk prolix, We'll keep ‘em out Of politics. Abundant Grist. “Have you any, new ideas to place before your colleagues?” . 7 “New ideas!” exclaimed Serator Sor- ghum. “We've been developing ideas for years. Whiat ‘wé-have to decide now is which of ‘the old ones will be taken up for consideration.” Costume, Her dress grows even shorter still And as I stared, . Despite its trimming, ~ - She seemed, amid the Winter chill Quite well prepared, members of Congress and others to ap- point a commission of expérts to study the problem of Muscle S8hoals, in the partial development -of which there ——— A few Senators incline to an opinion that there was enough quietude on the 4th of March to do for the entire see- sion. ——————— Security for France. Though details are not disclosed of has been “invested “about’ $150,000,000 of the people’s money. There is a red- gpnable hope that were such a commis- sion 'to” be appointéd the question of how best to liquidate this invugmenl might be taken out of the realm of politics and reduced to a plane-of eco- nomic and engineering practicability. No one expects the Government will the German proposal for a treaty of security for France, the mere fact that $uch ‘e proposal has been made, and that it is receiving serious and evem favorable consideration by'the British government, is a sign of hopefulness for the peace of Europe. Undoubtedly great obstacles are in the way of a se- curity agreement to ‘which France, Germany, Great Britain and Belgium Wwould be parties, but the necessity of and the desire for security are so great that it ought to be possible to find & way of overcoming these obstacles. As Austen Chamberlain said Thursday in the House of Commons: “The com: mon enemy fn Europe today is the L] be able to salvage the whole or even a major part of the money it has put into this water-power development. The work was undertaken as a war neasure, and- economy did mot figure in it, or figured only in a minor way. But that is not a sufficient reason why ‘whatever there is of value there should bé presented as praétically a free gift to some favored inferest, or that it should be made the basis of a vision ary social experiment. ‘The people do not want to retain Muscle Shoals and operate it as a Government institution either. for the production of power or fertilizers. They want it disposed ‘of for cash, but they want it disposed.of To go in swimming! Jud Tunkins ‘says the’ question’ of whether March eame in like a lidp or a lamb depends on whether you are speaking politically or “climatically. Criticism, 1 do not mind the men who scold - And disapprove in accents bold: - The man who really makes me’ grieve 1s he who_snickers in his sleeve.. When Joy Reigns. " ' “We all danced at. the Wedding.’ . “A mistaken custom,” commented Miss Cayenne..-“In récognition of an occasion of ' general satistaction we aught'to dange af the divorces.” ~ In halls where legisiative will Proceeds in stately rhythm, . . "Tis said, “You can’t like fellers till “You get acquainted with ‘em.” “Solomon was de wisést man, Uncle Eben; ;/jeastways he was so al- mighty rich an! powerful dat nobody was gineter contradiét 'im it be made de claim,* . yara | making it a suct Before Judging Both Sidés _(if His Fac BY THOMAS R. MARSHALL, Former Vice President of the United States. Duality of personality, as a basis of self-analysis, is an interesting sub- ject to pursue. Are our thoughts and acts controlled by a subconsclous mind as well as by a consclous mind? Ia it my nature to be just,.truthful, kind, and when I display Injustice, evade the truth and manifest vindio- tiveness Is it due to a sudden surge of my subconsclous self over my actual self? If we could-be sure that the good in us reflects our real na- ture and that the bad which domi- nates now and then merely springs occasionally from our.subconiscience we might be willing to encourage the efforts which are béing made more and more to release men from re- sponsibility of their acts by reason of the sudden intervention and ape péarance in their conduct of the sub- conscious mind. The other day a.friend of mine de- plcted the features of Benjamin Franklin as we stood before 'his statu¢ by Richard Greenough. He pointed out that the left side of his face was calm, philosophic, reflective, bearing all the marks of the face of a scholar, philosopher and statesman, while the right side of the face was amusing, really funny, in that it re- vealed .all the /quirks and twists of Poor Richard. He told me that Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes had first dis- covered this strange quality in the expression of the statue, which is supposed to carry a fair reproduction of ‘Franklin's features. The dissimi- larity of _expression was so pro- nounced that I was made to realize the desirability, if not the necessity, of examining both sides of & man's face if we seek a true appraisal of him. * ok ok ok Is it not fairly presumable that moat of us look at only one side of a face? We have such a high and fine opinion of our own judgment and power of discrimination that we feel that orie view of one side is suMcient on which to base an accurate con- clusion. From one hasty glance at a |man in public life we make instant decisfon whether he is a statesman 6r & buffoon. Likewise, we size up a business man as.being self-centersd or philanthropic. In our social rela- tions we take one swift glance to determine whether a newcomer is a somebody or a nobody; whether we are going to like him or avoid him; whether he is worthy of our friend- ship or will bear watching. The United States Board of Tax Appeals, created by the pevenue act of 1924, has now been functioning Seven months, and in that time has received 1.800 petitions and actually disposed of about 600 cases. This appears to set a new record for ac- tion in such a voung organization under the Government. It has been sald that some of the Fedaral bu- reaus and commissions did not actu- ally begin functioning for a-year or| |a year and a half aftar they were, |created by law. | | The tax board, however, takes it- | selt seriously. It realizes how tre- mendously important it may bs in/ assisting the citizen in unraveling his tax tangle. Prior to its creation a taxpaver who felt that he had been overcharged on his taxes had no re- dress other than to pay théem and then fils his claim for a refund. This was a long and tedious performance. If he were granted a refund it some- times took several years for the matter to be adjusted and for him to obtain it. Feared Advance Decisfons. In addition, he had the natural feeling that the commissioner of in- ternal revenue would be inclined to decide any doubtful question against the taxpayer. This might be done not from a desire to discriminate against the taxpayer, but from a desire to prove the Commissioner’s efficiency by collect- ing as much money fof the Government as_possible. ¥ ° Under the law which provided for the new board the commissioner of internal revenue cannot collect any tax if the taxpayer wishes to appeal it. The board must give its decision first. 1f this decision is in favor of the taxpayer, the commissioner may either abide by it or if he still feels that he is right, courts to obtain the additional tax. The taxpayer has the same privi- lége. It the deciston is unfavorable to him hs may pay the 1ax-demanded | and . then sue. ix _the Distriot. Court or the Court of Claims to recover it. However, if the tax has already been paid he cannot petition .the hoard, since it has no jurisdiction to com pel the Treasury to refund jt. He can only’ sue to collect a refund. 13 Members Appeinted. The act provides that the President may appoint 28 members whose terms shall expire on June 2, 1926, and that, thereafter, the board shall consist of 7 ‘members with overlapping terms running up to 10 years. The act was passed June'2, 1924, and early in July the President appointed' 12 members. These appointments wers made without reference to politics—there being both Republicans and Demo- crats on the board. They are for the most part active, energétic men in thelr early 40s. They have all had ‘training and experience which particularly fit them for their pos! tions. Above all they are tremen- dously enthusiastic about the work of the board, and none of them is a “10 o’cloek scholar.” They all report early and usually may be found in their offices up until '8 or 7 o'¢lock. It is not'unecommion for thém to work on Sundays and in the evenings. Several of them gave up opportunities which guaranteed substantially larger incomes than they receive as com- pensation as members of the Board of Tax Appeals. They feel, however, that they are participating in a big public service and a personal feeling of satisfaction makes up-to them their monetary loss. 2 ... Have Spirit of Serviee. Right' here might be added that | | | the members of the board. The foree mean a breakneck race for hat and coat in this organization. Perhaps an explanation of this is that every clerk was ‘carefully picked with ‘a view to his particufar qualificatio! While they come under the same rules and regulations as other civil service employes, these Tules are adminis- tered “with as littls irksomeness as possible. Each one is intensely in- ted ‘in the “work of'the board nd anxious to do his bit toward 8. board - Is an independent agency, separats and distinet from any other department or bureau. It is responsible to no Federal authority other than the President. It is in effect a judicial tribunal of limited The THE BOARD OF TAX APPEALS BY FREDERIC J. HASKI, he may sue in the Ncause the enthusiasm' does -not -end with | of - cl and sténographers with ‘whiel surrounded them-| selves bas become imbued with the same apirit and few. are - “clock- watcher: Four-thirty ~does ot Jjurisdiction. It has power to review determinations of the commissioner of internal revenue with respect to income and profits taxes, es and the new gift tax. It no precedents to go upon and judges each case upon the facts and circum- stances laid before it. 5 For the first time the taxpayer tesls that he has a fair chancs when a Man See We do not take the time fo look all over any face, yet most of us are, regardiess of what sclentists, psychologists and physiologists may say about it, a strange blend of good and evil purposes, as a result of con- sclous and subconscious minds, of duality of the human brain or .of that original sin in“which 1 belfeve. As to 'the ‘duality of the brain, 1 often have wondered whether. one lobe does not work, for righteousness and the other lobe for unrighteous- ness; ‘whether in men peculiarly Kifted or particularly trained both lobes of the brain may work not only separately and apart of each other, but at_the same time, thereby causing one side of the face to differ|. in appearance from the gther side. * ko Whatever any of this may have to do with life as we live it, none of it has anything to do with crime and its punishment. We have erred quite enough In letting criminals go, upon the theory that their crime was im- pelled by their subconscious mind. We already have permitted too many to escape justice because of a bellef in momentary insanjty. We ought to make a quick end to the namby- pamby sentimeént that a man cannot control” his subconsclence; that he cannot refrain from thinking as he thinks, from talking as he talks, of doing as he.does. He can do all of these things if he will. We .measure other persons by our own experiences, and, our recollec- tions being much the same, I venture to assert that the good in our lives has been fostéred, bullt up and strengthened more by the good in the lives of ‘the persons around us than through our own individual ef- forts. Reverently- speaking. ‘it has been not only from the garments of the 'Master of Mankind that virtue| has proceeded. Virtue has come to -us, likewise, from the touching of the garments of men and women of like passion as oursslves, for those who wish the world il are few and insignificant in comparison with those who wish it well. And we our- seives, though not rising to the dig- nity of perfect manhood and woman- hood, are loath deliberately to say or do anything that will blot out the Kood in others and lend aid to the evil that is within them. So I care not whether tha two sides of the face of a man look alike or not; what I am hoping for is that we shall leok at both sides and derive aid and con- solation from the side that is the better. (Copyright, 1925, by 21st Century Press.) he complains that he h een over- assessed. It has been estimated by the chairman of the board that ap- proximately 50 per cent of the cases in which written decision has been made have been decided In favor of the taxpaver. Certainly this encours ages Mr. General Public to feel that he has at last found a friend A Case from Temmeasee. One xuch decision was in the case of a small grocer down in Tennessea This man's store and warehouse was simply & small, boxlike concrete structure, without reinforcement, ¢rected upon a sand foundation. It £t00d within a hundred feet of x rail- road and 200 feet from a rairoad switching yard. He complained to the board that the commissioner of internal revenue would allow him only the same rate of depreciation which would be “allowed on a re- inforced concrete structure ‘many times the size of his building and located in the heart of a lyrgs city where the vibration would” be neg- ligible. . The board reviewed the cas and decided that the man was right in his contention. A case where it decided In faver of the commissioner, however, was that of a wealthy woman who pur- chased a country estate in 1907 and placed thereon many improvements Which greatly enhanced its value. A arge part of this estate w. - land. A few % skoeta Of Massachusetts where this estats was located suffered a severe "ice storm,” which -is really a heavy rain followed immediately by a ({reeze. The accompanying high wind blew the” tops off all the trees. in some cases nearly a third of the tree being broken. This woman's claim was that be- the trees wera broken the value of the estate was lesnensd by about $3,900. and she wished to take this amount as a loss when filing income tax returns. The board héld with the commissioner, that since she had not sold the estaie she had not actually sustalned a loss. It was just another case of the little understood fact that meither a profit nor a loss can be taken until the entire trans- action has been completed. Deals With Wives Barred. Another case. was that of two men who entered into brokerage partner- ahip. They were successful and the profits “were so great that a con- siderable surtax was due on each one's share. In order to circumvent the payment of these surtaxes each man entered into a partnership with his wife, whereby they agreed to share all profits and all losses. These were the only conditions of the con- tract. “The board, however, dld not hold with this, and ruled that each man must pay the surtax due on the full amount of profits which he re- ceived from the partnership. Another interesting phase of the work of the boafd is that many well known and Interesting persons ple their own cases. A short time sgo the feminine contingent of the board Staff wan thréwn-into what is some- timeés:called a “state” by the arrival of Florens Ziegfeld, A. L. Erlanger and Charles Dillingham. When asked if any ‘human interest .feature de- veloped at this hearing'a member of the board said: “The only human in- terest noted was that of the stenog- raphers; who formed a steady parade Dast the door of ‘the room in whick the hearing was held." Churches Seek Best ,In Offer to Hughes Charles Evans’ Hughes is another wearer of the blue ribbon, High Gov- lernment position has given him name, dignity ‘and a_reputation for mental power and influence. These command position and money. Just now Mr. Hughes is being urged as the head of the Intérnational Council of Religlous Education. The proposed salary is §60,000 a year: This is anothér of those jobs such as Will Hays and Judge Landis took. There has been an apidemic of them. All sorts of organizations and busi- ness combinations have subscribed to the idea. A man of weight &nd repu- tation, paid a very high salary, is lected to manage ‘their-affairs. His Mglmu and the Importance given' him by the money value they place upon him combine to make Kim worth his price. % The churches naturally take up the ides. ' Religious . progressives - Insist upon ~ following in the footsteps of business. They want efficiency. They want cleverness. _And they will pay the price. Anything less would seem. to them a @epréciation of their cause. Is not religious. education, “for in- stance, more: important o’ the woild thun moving pictures and base baii? —Bolse (mnu)‘ Statesman, . vears ago the section| 3 . Cgplml Sidelights It you want to know “Who pays the bills?” ask Representative Hamp- ton P. Fulmer of South Carolina. He has expressed it poetically in the Congressional Recard thu: ‘The_politician t: The actor plays his part: The soldier glitters on parade, “. "'The goldsmith plies his The sclentist pursues his germ O'er the terrestrial bal ‘The satior navigates his . But the farmer feeds them all. ‘The prea<her pounds the puipit desk, The bruker reads the tape The tailor cuts and sews his cloth To 8t the human shupe. ‘The dame of fashion, dressed In silk, Goes forth to dine or cal Or _drive, or dance, or promenade, But the farmer feeds them all. ‘The workman wields his shiny tools, ‘The merchant shews his wares; The seronaut above the clouds A dizzy journey dares. But art and science soon would And commerce 4 1f the farmer ceased to reap For the farmer feeds them * K K K Tepresentative Simuel E. Winslow, who ‘has just retired from Congress, has always had the sincere regard and camaraderie of the ‘newspaper men because he did not pose with them as so many other prominent in political lite are wont to do. In his first conference with the scribes Rep- resentative Winslow related this story of an old fellow who lived in New Hampshire, just across the Bay State line and who liked to fish. One Spring he caught a fine salmon. He was a friend and great: admirer of Ben Butler, then governor, and de- clded to present “Ben” with the catch. The old man accordingly packed the salmon carefully in ice, hitched his horse to a buggy and set out for Bos- ton. The following day he stopped for lunch at Haverhill and proudly told some idlers of his errand.. While he was eating those wags substituted a cod for the salmon. When the old fellow arrived at the Boston State House, he went in and induced the governor to' go out to the buggy where he opened the box with great pride. Great washis mor- tification to find the cod and many were his stammered excuser. He slammed down the cover and hastily began the urn trip. While again eating in Haverhill, the same, wags put the salmon back. When' he reached home the next day, the cld man told his trouble to his wife and took her out to see it. They opened :the box. and to their ama: ment there was the salmon. The old man regarded it bitterly “Up here,” he said, fade, i, nd sow, ou'rs a fine salmon, but down in Beston you're only a damned miserable cod.” * x % % Another good Winslow story dates back to his first term, when a base ball game was arranged between the Houss Democrats and Republican Col. Winslow wasn't very weil know then, and scarcely any of his col- leagues remembered him as a star on the Harvard nine and later coach Winslow was asked to flll in on the team, and consented providing they would let him play first base and have a page boy run for him. These conditions wers met, and Winslow knocked out a three-bagger, drove in three runs and played without an error. “I asked for first base,” he said afterward to the astonished Demo- cratie captain, “because I knew 1 would be safe there and because if the Infisiders couldn’t see enough of me to throw the ball at it would be their fault, not mine." : * % % % In poking a little fun at the mem- ibars of Congress who protested against raising their own salaries Representative Frank Clark. Demo- crat, of Florida told this story: “An old gentleman of his acquaintance who had béen a heavy drinker, finally décided to quit. A few months later he ‘was taken deathly ill. and lying upon: his bed of pain.and distress, and a8 everybody said ‘in his last illnes he called his wife to him and sald: “‘Mary, down in the hall is an old trunk of mine. Many months ago I hid In that trunk a bottle of good old peach brandy. I hid it from you, Mary, and I have not touched it since. MEN AND BY ROBERT President Coolidge unwittingly ha glven the “enemy” in Congress a phrase it will roll over its tongue for many long days to come. The “op- position” never is happier than when it has something that borders on the csmic to shoot at a man in high of- fice. The Presideat’s best friends would not call him a humorist, but he is lkely to see in this instance that he has let himself im for a bit of spoofink. And there are some righi sharp-witted spoofers on the Demo- cratic side of the Senate. The phrase which today is delight- ing the Democrats was contained in the inaugural address. There have been loud complaints in the past few months from the opposition that Mr. Coselidge wasn't talking enousgh. When a man doesn’t talk it is difi- | cult to pick a quarrel with him. In polities it is not se much that your enemy should write a bosk, but that he should make a speech. And so, complying with inaugural custom, Mr. Ceolidge on the 4th of March made a speech. The international obliga- tions of the United States manifestly were much in his mind. He thought the United States could do much. But with customary caution he warned against going too far. This is what he said: “But there is a very definite point beyond which we cannot go. We can only help those who help themselves. Mindful of these limitations, the one great duty that stands out requires us to use our enormous powers to trim the balance of the world.” The Democratic ~Senators have gathered this last sentence to their bosom. They are planning to ask the President what he means by “trim,” and what sort of emphasis he placesy upon “balance.”” They want to know if the United States, in the parlance of the day. is going out 1o trim the rest of the world—to give it an enor-| mous trimming, as it' were. Of| course, the Senators know in their| hearts that President Coolidge meant the trimming in the sense that a ship | is trimmed to an even keel Senator Pat Harrison says that the -AFFAIRS T. SMALL. had rung for the first Tound of the four-year battle, it develops fhat the general made careful jnquiries prior to the inauguration as to the rights and privileges of a Vice President in the Senate chamber. He discovered that the custom of permitting an in- augural address by che new presiding officer was the one and only chance he had to talk. So that is why he prepared himsélf to say a mouthful. er since Wednesday noon the Senators have been tving to find a suitable soubriquet for the new Vies President. Senator Jim Reed of Mis- souri, rantankerous Democrat, thinks “Fuzzy Wu is beat suited. “Fuzzy Wuzzy" once broke a British square. Senator Jim wants to sse Fighting Charley “up against a Senate jam While ‘the senior Senator from Mis- sour{ did net intend to be entirely com- plimentary it is none the less a fact that while Mr. Kipling called Fuzzy an “Injia rubber idjit on a eprée,” he also classed him as a “first-class fiighting man.” * k% In the sedate cabinet circle, which sat in the Senate and heard the Dawes diatribe were two former members of the august deliberative body—Secretary Weeks and Postmas- ter General Harry New. As the cabi- net was filing later out of the cham- ber and toward the presidential in- augural stand, one of his colleagues turned to the Postmaster Genersl. “Aren't you glad you don't belong to the Senate any more, Harry? “You bet,” replied the gentleman from Indiana with a grin “Well, you se explained Secre- tary Work, “when Harry was thers the Senate didn’t need such a lecture.” ¥ ok Just before quitting public ofes, Secretary Hughes had a good laugh reminiscing over some incidents of his first campalgn for Governer of New York State in 1906, It was Mr. Hughes' first political experience. Ha | wax something of an enigma te the people. He wanted to make himself “peepul” have been trimmed these many years by the . O. P. and that trim is no new word in a Republican | lexicon. He savs the Senate has got a | Jot of trimming to do, ten. First it must trim Mr. Dawes, and then it will | attempt te trim the balance of the| administration—the sometimes silent man of the White House x x ok x { Speaking of Gen. Dawes and the | punch he gave the Senate right in/ the nose a few moments after the bell| Fifty Years Ag In The Star With reference to the rate war be- tween the Baltimore and Ohio nn‘d Pennaylvania rail- Cumberland Coal roads fitty vears ago, The Star of Rates Reduced. ;o 2, 1875, savs: he war of the railroads continues without any sign of surrender on sither side. As was supposed would ve the case, the action of the Penn- clear right at the start on one point He was free of all ‘“hosses.” Ths first night he made the declaration this is what happened “I acknowlsdze no obligation.” shouted Mr. Hughes, “to any person or thing.” Next morning the local paper eame out with the statement that Mr Hughes .said “T acknowiedze no objection to any person or thing!" ight, 1925.) Heard and Seen The ancient Scotch believed that { when an animal seemed to be look- ing at something invisible to human sight, it saw a ghost. No friend of the cat but can belisve that felines often see things not ap- parent to the human eye Often a cat will start up from its contemplative dreams, raise its head and look wildly at the ceiling You try fo follow its gaze; vou ses nothing but the molding, or the plec- tures hanging on the wall, the paper [ the line where the walls and ceiling meer . sylvania road in reducing the freight tariff on Cumberland coal has com- peiled the Baltimore and Obio read to {made ‘in view of the general depres ther business interests’ but this da- ceives nobody. It is quits certain that the reduction is made only ba- cause the action of the Pennsylvania road compels it. 1t appears that the Cumberland coal transportation bus ness by the Baltimore and Ohio road has increased since 1868 from 700,000 to 2,000,000 tons annually, much of the coal going as far north as the ex- treme manufacturing and shipping points in New England. Under the fresh impetus given to the trade by I want you to go and get that bottle, take a glass, pour it about half full, put a little sugar in it and stir it Then put a little piece of ice in it Mary, then bring it up here and— Mary—no matter what P do or say— make me take it’" * % * x His colleagues have a pet nickname for the Lincolnnesque visaged Repre- sentative Hanry R. Rathbone of Illi- nois. It's *Airedale”—and it .is in- teresting how he got it. Representa- tive Rathbone was striding along in his characteristic, long-strided, intent way when a colleague from Kansas nd another from lowa noticed him one of them called, but Henry strode along looking straight ahead, "“Hey, Rathbone,” called the other;, and still Rathbone kept “fol- lowing his nose” on his rush to the Senat “We'll have to whistle,” said the Towan, and the Kansan did so. Like a - shot TRepresentative Rathbone wheeled around and came back to- ward him. Ever since that episode in Statuary Hall, Representativa Rath- bone has been known as “Airedale.’ * %k x % Mrs. Tom Schall. wife of the blind new Seenator from Minnesota, who Jjust graduated from the House, was sitting in the House gallery with guests during the closing. days of the Congreses. On passage of some mi- nor legislation Representative Blan- ton of Texas demanded the vote by tellers. A Republican and a Demo- crat, .acting as tellers, took their places at the opening to the al and counted their fellow me bers passed through. .One of Mrs. Schall's guests didn't want to miss d| any chance to see notables and asked: “Who -5 the Congressman they are all saying good-bye to?” * ook When the co-opérative ~marketing bill was up in the House in the clos- ing rush, Representative Arthur B. Williams of Michigan suggested that the: members “meet in joint eonfer- ence with the Senate, go out on the front ‘steps of the Capitol, give three rouslig cheers In favor of co-opera- tive: marketing, suspend the rules and throw our hats 10 feet in the air. It we ‘do that,” he said, “we will ac- complish just as much for the farm- ers of the country as we will to pro- [vide for $500,000 worth of advice.” * Rk X “Most every one thinks: that the Céndus. Bureau is busy only for a brief period every 10 yvears and the rest of the time hangs heavy on idle hands. Not'so—there is plenty else to d6. Midway between-the decennfal count of citizens it 15 required under the present law to take a census of agriculture, on which task ft is now engaged and for the proper handling of which spécial-machinery had to be bullt. Every second year the bureau has to take & ceénsus of manufacture and it Is just completing such a cen- sus covering the year 1923. Every fifth year it takes a census of elec- tricdl industries, ‘including electric rallways, telegraphs, telephones and central light and power station; Every tenth year it collects statis- ties of national wealth, public debt, and taxes; and every tenth year also it takes a ce of religious bodies, showing the number of churches and of ,chyrch members, value of church property, etc., for each ot 202 different religious sects in the .United State also & census of hospitals and of de- fective, dependent and delinquent clas in institutions inclading con- victed prisoners, the insane, paupers in wlmshouses and children under in- stitutional care. g the reduced freight rates brought about by the war of the raiiroads. it is probable that the axports from the Cumberland mines, especially during the Winter mont! with the canal closed, will be greatly increased.” * * % The Forty-third Congress came to an end at noon on March 4, 1875, and . . the closing hours Ovation Given t0 in the House were ;. marked by an in- Speaker Blaine. igin tnar was rated as of particular political sig- nificance. Speaker James G. Blaine was given a remarkable demonstra- tion of approval when he declared the House adjourned without date. Mr. Blaine was an avowed candidate for the Republican nomination for President. At the Cincinnati convén- tion held in June, 1876, he led the field on the first ballot with 285 votes out of 754, and he continued to lead until the seventh ballot, when by a combination of his opponents Ruth- erford B. Hayes was nominated. The Star of March 4, 1375, says: “The ovation to Speaker Blaine on the adjournment of the House today was something unprecedented in spontaneity and heartiness. An im- mensely protractedwround of applause followed his admirable little rétiring speech and scarcely had it died away, when as if by a general impulse the House and galleries took it up again with added hurrahs and shouts that sounded in depth and vim very much like the big ‘tiger’ of some great mass meeting. Again and again the infec- tious applause broke out and swept through the hall, and it began to look as if there would be no end to it. Mr. Blafne in the meantime stood at the clerk’s desk bowing his acknowleds- ments and was visibly affected. For the ‘the first time, perhaps, in his po- litical life his eyes were suffused with tears and, indeed, the heartiness and universality of the demonstration was well calculated 10 touch the sensibili- ties of even the coolest spectator.” * * x The speed with which France paid her indemnity to Germany, imposed on the conclusion of the France Pays Her Franco-Prussian : war, attracted at- Indemnity. (ention . throughout the world 50 years ago. The Star of March 5, 1875, thus commented : “When five years ago France. under the conditions of her treaty with Ger- | many, promised to pay five milliards, or $1,000,000,000, to the latter as the con- dition of peace, it was generally prediet- ed that the financial equilibrium of Eu- rope would be upset by the transter of 50 vast a_sum from one country to an- other, and that the whole system of i ternational monetary relationship would be thrown into confusion. And yet the whole of this vast transaction was car- ried out between June 1, 1871, and Sep- témber 5, 1873, 27 months, and not one serious difficulty or disorder was pro- duced by it. The fact was that the com- mercial world had no idez of its own power, and failed altogether to suspect that even the remittance of five milliards from France to Germany could be graft- ed onto them without entailing any ma- terial perturbation. bt “It is now estimated that'the entire cost to France of her disastrous cam-: paign with- Germany amounted directly and indirectly to $2,080,000,000. That this enormous sum has been successfully shouldered and the $1,000,000,000 paid aver promptly to Germany shows, first, that France is vastly rich: second, that the trade of Europe has attained such & magnitude that figures are ceasing to convey its measure, and third, that the aggregats commercial action of nations is & lever which can lift any financial load whatever.” come down in the matter of rates 25 cents per ton. It is given out by the | lattar road that this reduction is| sion in manufacturing. steamship and There is absolutely nothing nnusual there—yet vonr cat will continue tn stare, its ‘aves metting absolutaly Tound in their fixity, espacially if it be night Who can sav what a cat ssee? Mavbe it doss ses gh Or may- | ba it Ix able 10 ses small, practically [invisibla bugs up there on the eeil- | ing, almost microacopic things which | You would have to have a magnify- ing glase 10 ses. These strange, fixed staras of cats into what aeems to us empty space have been noted by all friends of the animal, and undoubtedly have done much toward giving it a reputation as a mystic, The habit, t00. probably has some- thing to do with the dislike which many haye for the feline tribe. Those who are apprehensive of ‘“spooks” Wil not welcome the strange com- munion which the cat seems to hold with nothing. Your honest dog, old Rover, naver “sees things.” He is content to run and play, and sleep sometimes. * % The cat has another strange habit which its friends have never been | able to explain. This is its trait of wandering awav for days at a tims, suddenly dropping out of sight, van- ishing completely, and as suddenly | returning. “It is & trick one might sxpect of a brute that can see something whare there ain't nothing,” said a friend pointedly. if not grammatically, with whom I discussed the problam. This friend, it hardly nesd bs stated, was not a friend of cate. If you happen to ha frisndly to fa- lines, however, you will recall tha SOrrOw you éxperienca every tima you pick up the lost ads in the papar and see where somebody's cat has strayed away. The chances ars 10 to 1 that the eat has succumbed to the ancient wander- lust of cats, and has vaniched as com- pletely from its home as if it had never been. Only recently I saw an ad for a cat with a “bushy tail,” and 1 knew just exactly how thoss folks felt. I hope the cat came back. Among the ordinary, everyday ad- ventures of home life—and homa lifa has its adventures, believe me—tha disappearance of a favorite cat is ene of the saddest, and its return one of the gladdest. Personally, 1 would give a great deal to know where old Jack Spratt, my cat, went about a month ago, when he was gone for three days and nights. Old Jack meowed to get out, and wa saw him go down the path and dis- appear into the night. “Come back, Jack,” we sald. Morning came, Jack. sone. and thers was no Night came, old Jack was still Day again. but no Jack. Night ence more, and still no cat We plctured him run over, lost, locked up in a garage or barn, or gone to live with others—ecats will do that-—but knew nething about him. Heé was gone, that was all. ° And where he was is a mystgw still. He never told. He came wine dering up that path on a bright Sun« day morning, as nonchalantly as he had gona down it: and only the triend of cats will know how glad We were to see him. He ate a pound of beefsteak with appreciation, and immediately went to bed. C. E. TRACEWELL. Safety Prize Offer By Schuldt Is Praised To the Editor of The Star: 1 was much impressed with Judge Schuldt's offer of a prize to the school children for the best slogan or suggestion upon the subject of ‘Batety.” We must all admit that this is an fmportant subject and one which should receive careful and thoughtful consideration by all our citizens, and especially children. If any idea, suggestion or slogan is the cause of saving even one life, the purpose ot safety education will be vindicatedy Judge Schuldt in this, as in many of ‘his deeisions, has offered a con- structive idea which I trust will by adopted. 57 . B B SMITH,