Evening Star Newspaper, January 24, 1925, Page 1

¢ - Foening “y * Che WASHINGTON, D. C, WEATHER. (U. 8. Weather Bureau Forecast.) Partly cloudy and warmer tonight; tomorrow “From Press to Home Within the Hour” unsettled and warmer; minimum tonight about 27 degrees. Highest, 26, at noon today; lowest, 15, at 7 a.m. today. Full report on page 4. Closing N. Y. Stocks and Bonds, Page 14 29,488, The Star’s carrier system covers every city block and the regular edi- tion is dclivered to Washington homes as fast as the papers are printed. Yesterday’s Circulation, 101,529 TWO CENTS. Star. 1925 —-TWENTY-EIGHT WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION Entered as second class matter post office. Washington, D. C. No. PAGES. SATURDAY, JANUARY 24, %* COOLIDGE REPEATS WORLD COURT PLAN 1S WAR CURE MOVE Tells Conference This Gen- eration, Knowing Horrors of Conflict, Must Act. FAILURE IS DESERVING OF DISASTER, HE SAYS| Parley Here Favors Prosecution of Aggressors as “Crim- inals.” | he administration’s stand in favor of American participation in the World Court was reaffirmed today by President Coolidge In an address de- Jivered at the White House to dele- gates attending the National Confer- ence on the Causes and Cure of War. The President declared that estab- lishing a means for formulating and promulgating the bonest judgments and publit opinion of the world such as is contemplated in the World Court would be a decided step | toward the actual outlawing of war The President addressed this gath- matured | ering in the east room of the White | House and there were probably more | than 500 men and women present. | Decriex Physical Foree. | U civilizati worthy of its name, | said the President, then physical force | is not the only authority which may en- | force an anti-war policy. In commend- ing the delegates upon the work the are engaged in, he said it is particularly to be desired that measures be inst tuted, as soon as possible, by the men and women who know the truth about | war, which may save the future from | such experiences as fave come in our | time In his opinion, it is for the generation which saw and survived the last and | greatest war to devise measures of pre vention. If this failed, the President | told his audience, “we shall deserve all ich will eurely be visited the disaster wl upon us because of our failure. Danger in Forgetting. The text of his speech follows “Your conference has been brought together to consider the causes and cure of war In our generation which has seen the supreme demon stration of the fut y and the hor- rors of war, we ought to be able to count upon an overwhelming senti-; ment for meast which give rea- conable promise of preventing or lim- iung wars. But, if we may judge by the pest, determined antagonism to; armed conflict for settling interna- | tional differences will grow weaker | as we recede from the period of the recent struggle. As our vision of itay frightfulness is dimmed, as the edge! of its harror is dulled with the pass- ing of tim we may expect a corre sponding minution of zeal for in- stitutions to prevent war. For this very reéason every organ- 1zed movement to keep alive the reali- | zation of war's destructiveness serves | & helpful purpose. If for the next| 100 years men and women who fought | | and suffered to carry on the World War and who were compelled after- ward to struggle and sacrifice to pay for it, could survive to keep a'ive the | proper realization of what war really | means, the change of formulating | programs to prevent its repetition would be greatly improved. But those who lived and saw and telt and knew | ihese things will pass on. They will be succeeded by others to whom a | distorted picture of glory and heroism | will make its appeal Calls for Safeguards. It is particularly to be desired that measures be instituted as soon as possible by the men and women who | know the truth about war, wh ave the future from such expe have come in our time. If the n of this last and greatest war | be lost, then, indeed, will this | experience have been almost in vain. | It is for the generation which saw | and survived to devise measures of | prevention. If we fail in this, we | #hall deserve all the disaster which will surely be visited upon us be- cause of our failure | If by what I have sald T have| fairly suggested our responsibility, | we may now properly inquire, what have we done, what are we doing, to discharge that responsibility? Are| the nations, the peoples, the leaders ¢ affairs, leaders of religion and morals making progress In the right direc- | on? That question must be an- swered by us as Americans for our- | selves. There may be temptation at | times to inquire whether others have | played their part. But our responsi- bility is for ourselves alone, for doing the part that falls to us because of | our place in the world. Plea tor World Court. it has been said that the peace which ends one war commonly sows the seed of the next war. I believe | that in our policy of readiness to as- sociate in whatever measure would | tend to restore, to stabilize, to re-es- | tablish security and.peace among the nations, we have taken a most heip- ful attitude as was feasible at the | ime. I believe that in sponsoring the | Washi conference for limitation | of armaments and for considering the of the Far East, we made a | genuine and significant contribution | toward peace in two of the most trou- | bled areas of the world. I believe ' that, just as the armament conference | was a timely and convincing co-oper- ation on the political side, so the | awes plan was a similarly timely | and effective effort for rehabilitation | on the economic sidc. 1 belleve that | the next step which we may well take is by way of participation in the Per- manent Court of International Justice. | I believe that with our adherence | to that tribunal, for which I earnest- | Iy hope, it wil become one medium in which may gradually be precipitat- ed and crystallized a body of Inter- national law and procedure, which, by avoiding the dangers that would at- 1end the establishment of a super- xovernment, will ultimately command the respect and approbation of the world’s public opinion and the co- of the Hopes for Results. “The proposal to outlaw war from this world has been earnestly put for- ward and supported on one side by those who esteem it a fine idea. I trust that its discussion may contrib- ute some lasting eleménts to peace. “I am convinced that if our civiliza- tion is worthy of its name, then phys- jcal force is not the only authority whioh may enforce an anti-war poi- (Continued on Page §, Column 4.) operation nations. | with | that Coolidge Summons Senators to Push Isle of Pines Pact President Coolidge called a num- ber of Senators to the White House today to urge action on the long delayed treaty confirming Cuban sovereignty over the Isle of Pines x He belleves ratification would greatly promote friendship with Latin America, but some Senators, including Chairman Borah of the foreizn relations committee, have indicated that a vote will be im- possible in the near future. The Senators with whom the President conferred included Cummins, Towa; Norbeck, South Dakota; Harreld, Oklahoma, and Ernst, Kentucky, Republicans. OPIUM CONFERENCE BREAK PREVENTED, COMPROMISE WINS Joint Committee of Two Par- leys to Inquire Into Drug Use. AMERICAN AND BRITISH DISAGREEMENT BRIDGED Porter and Cecil 0. K. Proposal Of- fered by Finnish Delegate. Br the Associated Press GEN January 24.—The natfonal oplum conference was saved from collapse today when a resolu- tion, introduced by Finland, providing inter- for a joint committee from the first and second conference to inquire into oplum smoking in the Far East was approved by Stephen G. Porter, head of the American delegation, and unanimously adopted The Finnish resolution proposes that the first and second conferences each name eight delegates to report on opium smoking to both conferences the least possible delay. It provides that representatives of the second conference on the committee shall be those who participated in the first conference. The delegate from Finland said every effort has been made to prevent the collapse of the confer- ence and that he believed his plan was a reasonable way out orisis = scount Cecil of Chelwood, the British representative, then moved a short recess to examine the text of the motion. “It is difeult for the sovereign gov- ernments;to retire from the positions they have adopted.” sald Lord Cecll, “and we can all accept this solution, without claiming victory. The suc- cess of the League of Nations i3 in agreement without victory.” A recess was then taken after Lord Cecil’s motion had been s Mr. Porter. When the conference was again called to order the Finnish res- olution was adopted unanimously. 6-YEAR-OLD CHILD LD CH IS KILLED BY TRUCK Dashes From Church Into Street and Is Struck—Driver Is Held. As she ran into the street from Peck Memorial Chapel at Twenty- eighth and M streets, where she hag attended a sewing class shortly after noon today, Mary Elizabeth Wehn, 6 years old, of 2919 M street was struck by a truck and instantly killed The child’s neck was broken her skull fractured. The body rushed to Columbia Hospital, and was where physicians pronounced the child dead. | The truck, property of wholesaler, was operated by Simms, colored, 2124 Warder Simms is being held at No. cinct station. The police were told truck was proceeding east on M street when the child ran into the strect. An effort was made by Simms to avoid striking the child, the police Dyer, a Elburt 7 pre- that the explain, as marks from skid chains measuring 15 feet were imbedded on the street. Shortly after the accident the child's father and mother, Mr. and Mrs. mer Wehn, visited the hospital. Mr. Wehn identified the body. The coroner has been notified IBANEZ THANKS HERRIOT; AGAIN ATTACKS ALFONSO Author, in Letter to Premier, Says King Acted Only Because of Fear of French Opinion. By the Associated Press PARIS, January 24.—Vicente Blas- co Ibanez, the Spanish author, in a letter to Premier Herriot him for his eulogy in the Chamber of Deputies, when he announced the withdrawal at Spain's request of the charges brought in France against the author for his attacks on King Alfonso, agein attacks the Spanish monarch. saying: “The King of Spain did not withdraw the prosecu- tion through liberalism, but solely because he, was afrald of French opinton. “It is irony to speak of the liberalism of Alfonso XIII since upon his or- der all the property I have in Spain has just been conflscated, two pro- ceedings have been instituted before a court-martial; my name is being ef- faced from markers in streets and public places named for me, and the King's friends have gone 50 fare as to plan to burn solemnly my literary works in one of the main avenues of Madrid as in the best days of the In- quisition.” of the| conded by | court. | thanking | STONE CASE DEBATE ON FLOOR BLOCKED BY G.0.P. SENATORS Heflin Starts Partisan Fight, Ending in Vote for Execu- tive Session. | REPRISAL THREATENED | ON ATTORNEY GENERAL Senators Act to Block Confirma- tion to Avenge Move Against Wheeler. | The Senate went Into executive ses- sion today to consider the nomination of Attorney General Stone to be a justice of the United States Supreme Court, after Democrats had made & |futile attempt to discuss the matter | on the floor. | Objection Upheld. President Cummins upheld the ob | jection, but Senator Heflin contended |that he wanted to correct a state- | was opposing Stone’s confirmation be- |cause he was an attorney for J. Pier- point Morgan. With Senator Overman, North Carolina, Senator Heflin said he opposed Mr. Stone orly because of his arguments before the Supreme Court In the Ownbey case, which in- volved a litigation affecting the Mor- gan estate. “That's right,” | said Senator Over- man Senator Watson, Republican, In- diana, objected to further observa- tions of that kind, but Senmator Reed, | Democrat, Missouri, took up the ar- | gument on the other side, and Presi- {dent Cummins ruled that Senator | Heflin could answer the newspaper story | Objection again was raised, how l'ever, and then the La Follette in | surgents and some others, including | Senator Borah, Republican, Idaho, | joined with the Democrats in an | effort to go into executive session | This was explained as a move to ! avoid technicalities, it being planned { to open the doors later so the dis- | cussion could go on in “open execu | tive session.” The motion | session carried, 37 to 36. | When Senator Heflin, Democrat, |those who have advocated further in- vestigation of the matter, sought to speak, Senator Curtis, Kansas, the Re- publican leader, made a point of order that such a question could be discussed ssion. | to go into executvie one | dictment against | Montana, who ran with Senator La Fol- {lette on the third ticket during the last | campaign, would be sought in the Dis- | trict of Columbia, and that the plan of the Department of Justice was to try the Senator here instead of in Mon- a, members of the Senate today are threatening to hold up indefinitely—as a measure of reprisal—the nomination of Attorney General Stone to be an as- the United States. Senator Wheeler was indicted last | year in Montana on a charge that he had appeared for an oil operator before the Interior Department after he had been elected Senator, which is contrary | to the law. The charge against Senator Wheeler was investigated by a special Senate committee, headed by Senator Borah of ldaho. The committee exon- | erated Senator Wheeler. Senators Probe Matter. The proposal now is to bring an in- | dictment against nator Wheeler in the National Capital and to try him | here. The matter, it is said, will be sub- | mitted to a grand jury here. ‘When Senators learned of this plan of the De- partment of Justice they inquired at the Department of Justice and discovered that the Attorney General had full cognizance of this plan to indict Sena- tor Wheeler here and try him in Wash- ington inetead of in Montana. Senator Borah, Senator Swanson of Virginia, Senator ‘Walsh of Montana and others have expressed great in- dignation that this course should be attempted. To try {miles away from his home and in a | jurisdiction where, on account of the | | | | { influence of the administration, it | might be easier to obtain a con- viction, they insist is unfair. Wheeler Is Notified. It was made known that Attor- |ney General Stone has sent formal notice to Senator Wheeler, through his counsel, Senator Walsh of Mon- tana, that his case would be present- ed to a District of Columbia grand jury early next month. Also it be. came known that Mr. Stone had writ ten a second letter on the matter yesterday to Senator Walsh. Senator Walsh declined public the letters or discuss their contents, sayving that both wer marked “Private and Confidentia Nor would Senator Wheeler make any statement. The Montana indictment against Senator Wheeler, returned early this year, charges that he accepted fees from' Gordon Campbell, operator, for appearing before a Fed- eral department as counsel in viola- tion of the law. The Senator de- nounced the charge in the Senate as a “frame-up,’ and, after a special committee had made an investigation, the Senate held that it had been |unable to find evidence to support | the charge. | Meanwhile the nomination of Stone {has been passed twice in executive | sessions of the Senate, the second | (Continued on Page 8, Column 1.) Fear Outbreak Over Treaty—Of- ficials Go From Havana to Scene. to make By the Associated Press. HAVANA, January 24 —An appeal by American residents of the Isle of Pines for military protection to pre- vent possible violence as a result of tense feeling between Americans and Cubans there over the pending Hay- Quesada treaty, has resulted in Maj. W. H. Shutan, military attache of the United States embassy here, and Dr. Ignacio de la Torre, Cuban subsec- retary of interfor, being sent to in- vestigate, it became known today. ment in the New York World that he | Democrat, | lonly in executive s § | Aroused over the report that an in-| Senator Wheeler of soclate justice of the Supreme Court of | a man 2,500 a Montana oil | | | PLEDGES FITTING INAUGURAL FETE| Fenning Says Public Will Ap- prove of Ceremonies to Be Arranged. | Col tary Frederick A. Fenning. of the general inaugural mittee, answering numerous in |as to the ceremonies to {connection with the inauguration of | President Coolidge, today issued a | public statement in which he de- |clared Washington will have a dem- |onstration “that the people -will| thoroughly enjoy, which they will| approve, and which will be generally regarded as in every way appro- priate to the inauguration of the President.” “Inaugural headquarters,” sald Mr. Fenning’s statement, “has been re- celving numerous Inquiries in person, | by telephone and by mail as to the | | inaugural parade and as to obtaining | secre- quiries be held i | | | | seats to view the parade. The secre- tary wishes to announce that the com- mittee has been bending its best efforts to meet the desires of the people, and to say that the parade would be of high order and in every way appropriate. Seat Sale Starts Soonm. |, "Reviewing stands will be erected | |from plans which have been drawn |2nd it Is expected that seats in the La Fayette Square stand will be on {sale by the end of next week. These | seats will be sold at moderate prices. { I regret the view that has been announced in some quarters that practically two-thirds of the guaran- tee fund would be expended, thus making it possible to refund but one- { third. Every effort Is being made by the inaugural committee to keep the disbursements within the receipts expected from the sale of seats. Subscriptions Coming In. “There must, of course, be a sub- stantial guarantee fund, and subscrip- | tions to this fund are reaching head- quarters by every mail. The only | source of revenue will be the review- |ing stand seats, but I expect that | these will be sold at moderate prices, [Wh!ch will produce sufficient revenue [to cover the expenses of the inaugural | committee “My expectations in this respect are formed in large part by the very sub- stantial number of requests that have already been received for tickets. Many of these requests have come from schools and organizations ask- ing for large blocks of tickets. These will receive attention as soon as the tickets are printed.” 4,500 at Ba Announcement has been made that | the number of persons who may at- tend the charity ball to be given at the Mayflower Hotel in connection with the inauguration will be limited to 4,500. Tickets for this number will |be engraved, and when they have been istributed no more will be ordered. The committee in charge of ar- rangements for the ball reached this decision yesterday after completing & survey of the rooms at the Mayflower Hotel which will be available for dancing. The hotel has donated its entire first floor for the cccasion, and it is expected that most of this space will be devoted to dancing. Distribution of the tickets will be | undertaken through a congressional committee to insure some of the ad- mis=zion cards going to every State in the Unfon. It has not been de- cided as yet how many will be al- lotted to Washington. Mrs. Robert Nelson Stanfield, wife of the Senator | from Oregon, hus accepted the chair- manship of this committee, it was an- nounced. A souvenir program be com- pleted in about 10 days, and be placed on sale at hotels, newsstands and Union Station. It will sell for 50 cents, and at the ball a number of | debutantes will have charge of sell- ing it to the guests for the same price. 1t is belleved that the pro- | ceeds of the ball will far exceed the $28,000 raised at a similar affair given on the occasion of President Harding’'s inauguration. D. C. BILL UP WEDNESDAY. | Appropriation Measure to Be Con- sidered Rest of Week. The District appropriation bill, car- rying funds for all activities in the maintenance and development of the National Capital for the fiscal year beginning July 1 next, will be re- ported to the House next Wednesday and taken up for consideration the latter part of the week, according to the present plans of Chairman Mad- den of the House appropriations com- i | i | | 1 mittee, ~I) n d)) | 1] | (i {l i X /) .(! Coolidge Doesn’t Think So Much of Those Trick Pants President Coolidge does not prove of the modern trousers worn by the lege men of today He made this Young Princeton called upon him vitation at the ap- of col- voung three who to extend an in- White House today. Gazing at feet noting the width of their trousers, the President zsked them if they wore suspenders, to which they re- plied “No." “My boy came cersburg,” the “with trousers that. 1 made ers. I thi look better. The boys excused themselves by explaining that it was a custom, or fad, among the col students to wear such trousers. PARENTS BURNED, BOY SAVES FOUR Sees Father and Mother Kill- ed in Blaze at Wheaton, Md. known students to down their and back fr Mer Presider d hanging down like him put on suspend- that shorter trousers By a Staff Correspondent WHEATON, Md, vary 24 Quick thinking and cool action by 1 year-old Charlie Russell today proba- bly saved his two brothers and two sisters from the death by fire, In which their father and mother were killed, when their home here burned to the ground early this morning after an ol stove explosion. Charlie, himself, was burned about the head when he attempted to rescue his father, who was lying on the kitchen floor, almost entirely sur- rounded by the flames which spurted up after Mrs. John Russell had at- tempted to light the oil stove. The explosion, which occurred while the mother preparing to get breakfast, awoke 13-year-old Willie Russell. Willie, in turn, woke Charlie, who ran downstairs to find both his mother and father fighting flames which had spread to their clothes from the explosion. Charlie rushed to the spot where his father had fallen and attempted to extinguish the fire there, but the flames caught his hair, driving him back and slight- Iy burning his scalp. By the time he was ready to attempt the rescue again, an impenetrable wall of fire separated him from his parents. He then ran upstairs, assembled his panic-stricken brothers and _sister and rushed them out, scantily clad, to safety. The five children watched the house burn to its very foundation. Home Razed to Ground. The blaze was so quickly under way and the house was so far gone that when the Kensington and Silver Spring Fire departments arrived little good could be accomplished. All that remains of the bungalow today is the hollow-tile foundation| and a stark chimney. | Everything in the house was re-| duced to non-recognizable wreckage; | beds, warped into twisted hunks of steel, and kitchen utensils melted into masses of various forms, are the| only things that can be recognized in the charred ruins. The bodies of Mr. and Mrs. Russell, | badly charred, were taken to Pum- phrey’s undertaking establishment in Rockville. Both were burned beyond recognition. The five children are with Harvey Burgess, their uncle, the brother of Mrs. Russell, at Rockville. The children include Eugene, aged 11; Willie, aged 18; Lillian, aged 1 Dorothy and Charlie. Mrs. Russell is survived also by five sisters and six brothers, including Harvey Burriss of Rockville, William Burriss of 1715 Twenty-second street, Washington, D. C.; Mrs. Susie Klink 547 Eleventh street southeast, Wash- ington, and others living nearby. As far as is known here, Mr. Russell is survived only by a brother, Charles, of Brookiyn, N. ¥. Coolidge to Attend Unveiling. President Coolidge will attend services tomorrow in connection with the unveiling of a memorial tablet to Woodrow Wilson at the Central Presbyterian Church, of which Mr. Wilson was a member. Radio’ Programs—Page 9. istrie | District {000 OTE ON SURPLLS MONDAY ASSURED House Committee Prepares Program of Seven Bills- for Action. | meeting of the Housg nittee today, called to program of legislation to on the next District day, the following was accom- At arrange be Monday, plished a taken An agreement was reached between | the other members of the committee sentative Thomas L. Blan- Democrat, of Texas for an early in the House Monday on the District surplus bill, which would make available approximately $4,500,- now in the Federal Treasury Representative Blanton agreed to co- operate with the committee in having prompt vote immediately after he had been allowed 30 minutes in which to speak in opposition to the bill. Representative Blanton previously had served notice that he would fili- buster on this measure. and ton Repr, Program Decided A program of seven measures was decided upon to be called up in order Monday. The Great Falls hydro-electric de velopment measure was made the special order of business for the f-l- lowing District day, two weeks hence Representatives Ernest W. Gibson of Vermont notified the committee that at its next meeting he would report the five-year school building program bill. Representative Oscar E. Keller of Minnesota notified the committee that the welfare bill is ready to be reported as soon as faulty wording of an amendment has been corrected Representative Henry R. Rathbone of Illinols called a special meeting of the subcommittee on traffic legis- lation for Monday morning at 10:30. Representative Gibson told the committee that he appreciates that there is a grave fault with the local Government of the National Capital and Le proposes early in the next session after intensive study to in- troduce u measure which will give broader authority to. local officials and do away with the necessity that now exists of coming to Congress for legislation on many minor matters. Blanton Plans New Bill. Representative Blanton notified the committee that he intends in the next Congress to press legislation which will provide for a board of five Com- missioners, who shall be elected by the people; doing away with the pres- ent engineer Commissioner; allowing the residents of the District to elect their own school board and to elect " (Continued on Page 3, Column 4.) | GLORIOUS SPECTACLE OF CENTURY BEHELD AS MOON HIDES SUN Famous Solar Corona Shines Forth in Momentary Mid- night Over Northeast. IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES MADE IN FIELD OF RADIO Philadelphi a Station Heard in London. President Among Millions to Watch Inspiring Sight. By the Associated Press Dreams of astronomers of seeing a total eclipse of the sun under ideal conditions were realized today in New York and N England In Michigan and Ontario. however, clouds and low visibilitv frustrated scientific tests. Washington shared with New England ideal conditions witnessing the spectacle of a lifetime here. for Though only 95 pc cent, the eclipse here caused a temporary halt in business, whil everybody, from the President down, turned out with smokec glasses. SPECTACLE IN NEW YORK. . Especially in New York City, witnessing its first total ecli; in 119 years, was the spectacle magnificent. When the momenta: blackness of midnight, at 9:11 a.m., was accompanied by the bea tiful sight of the corona there was enthusiasm. Watchers on sk scrapers and hilltops applauded and cheered, E cellent scientific observations were made ing scientists at Cornell and Yale, almost in by home and vis the center of totality area, and also aboard the Navy dirigible Los Angel The skyship named for the angels hovered over the Island of N tucket, Mass., and sent word by radio through the heavens tl the results of its trip were excellent. First reports of the results of scientific tests concerned the radio. At Y Observatory, Iron Moun- tain, Mich., a slight increase in vol- |ume and clarity of the radio was noted. At Waterbury, Conn, a marked departure from direction of | the tone wave was apparent. The Radio Corporation of America, in New York, reported that its tests showed that a short wave length follows the sun and that static is not entirely a local condition. Statlon WIP heard in London during the eclipse— a result which may prove very im- portant in the study of radio waves. The eclipse averaged four seconds later than astronomers had calcu- Jated. It was five seconds behind schedule at Cornell, three seconds at Vassar and five second at Yale. Scientists at Niagara Falls were of Philadelphia was | not wholly disappointed, despitc clouds. A'rift just before totality ¢ abled thousands to see radiant ti on the frozen cataract, and 27 ph graphs were taken by Cleveland tronomers. President Coolidge witnessed partial eclipse on the lawn of White House, looking through blackened window pane, which carried. Scientific observations were charac- terized as the most successful es made by Dr. E. E. Free, who heade a party at Easthampton, Long Isla The weather bureau at Cornell not- ed a drop of 1.3 degrees in the tem- perature. A drop of 2 degrees w reported at Yonkers. Shadow bands were noted at Yale one minute before and one minute after totality. Jupiter, Mercury and Venus were clear at Yale, but no comet was seen. t Ten Millions See Eclipse at Minute Of Total Darkness By the Associated Press EW YORK, Ja 24.—A rapidly vanishing streak of darkness was daubed today over 40,000 square miles of the most densely populated section of the United States. In the path of the celestial shadow brush formed frequently by the sun and the moon there were this morn- ing, for the first time in their modern aspects, the largest city in the coun- try, much as the Empire State, parts of eight other States—Minnesota, Michigan, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Connec- ticut and Rhode Island—and part of the great Canadian Provinge of Ontario. Inspires No Terror. The solar eclipse affected the tivities of more than 10,000,000 people living in this totality area. With an hour of daylight being succeeded by twilight, a few moments of darkness, then twilight and daylight again, the phenomenon was not greeted with terror, as was the wont of the un- tutored ancient, but with enthusiasm for nature’s greatest spectacle. The bustle of business was deferred for a sight of celestial wonders and stud. “(Continued on Page 2, Column 2.) THOUSANDS IN WASHINGTON TURN FACES TOWARD EASTERN HEAVENS All City, From President Down, Watch Sun Change Into Orange Crescent by Moon Shadow. With Greatest of Interest. The National Capital, from the dis- tinguished occupants of the White House to the smallest urchin able to hold a piece of smoked glass, paid tribute today to the awesome spec- tacle of a solar eclipse by pausing in its usual routine to watch the strange celestial hide-and-seek game. Wheels of the great governmental machine and of private business marked time while thousands upon thousands of department heads, un- derofficials and employes left their desks to view through eye-protecting devices the crossing of lunar and solar paths. Arms Stretched to East. To a casual observer unacquainted with what was going on, if such there had been today, all Washington, around 8 o'clock this morning, was stretching its arms toward the eastern sky, in respectful salute to the’ audacious feat of the moon fn smudging the face of Old Sol, all-powerful despot of the universe. THE ECLIPSE. From east windows, from the streets, from roofs of business build- ings and apartments, from every place where an unobstructed glimpse of the big show In the heavens could be ob- tained, thrilled men, women.and chil- 4 dren gazed through pieces of smoked glass, colored glasses, photographic plates and films and the like, while a rising chorus of exclamations of won- der filled the air. Coolidges See Spectacle. President and Mrs. Coolidge, some 20 minutes before the height of the eclipse, betook themselves to the east grounds of the White House, armed with pleces of smoked glass. 1n the below-freezing temperature of the hour they stood in wrapt attention for several minutes, hands raised heaven- ward,-and then retired to the more comfortable surroundings. All Classes Watch, The President temporarily resumed work at his desk in the executive of- fices, dropping his official duties again for the moment when the point of greatest totality was neached, in or- der to bring his glass into play again at a nearby window. Cabinet officials, members of Con- gress, dignified members of the judi- ciary and other personages burdened with the affairs of state, joined with the ordinary citizen in shoving aside mundane worries to secure front-row reservations for the free circus over- head. The darkening shadows necessitated recourse to artificial light in office bulldings, hotels, apartments and homes, much the same as though a heavy thundercloud had swept across (Continued on Page 2, Column 5) .| laymen, Notables Watch Coming of Weird Eclipse Twilight Just six seconds behind its man- | made schedule, the moon swept be- tween the sun and the earth today while Washington and virtually the entire Eastern section of the countr gazed in wonder at the first to eclipse this part of the world has seen in 119 years, Science had figured that the treme Eastern tip of the moon would make its first contact with the ex- treme Western tip of the sun viewed from Washington, at 5 o'clock this morning. It was exactly :55:06 that the contact was recorded at the Naval Observatory here. 93 Per Cent Total Here. True to prediction, the eclipse was only 95 per cent total here, Wash- ington falling a scant 200 miles out- side the narrow band of totality. As a result no one here could see the corona, but the eclipse presented the | most unusual solar revelation seen in these parts in the memory of man. ex- Notables at Observatory. Piloted by Prof. Asaph Hall, di- rector of the Naval Observatory, & distinguished party of scientists and including Secretary of Sta: and Bascom Slemp, secre- President Coolidge, soared hundreds of miles out into the atmosphere at the observatory and viewed the phenomenon through the magnifying portholes of that station Keep Exact Schedule, With all of his passengers on board shortly before § o'clock, Prof. Hall set sail on schedule time to meet the moon exactly at the minute it should Hughes tary to | have begun its conquest of this planet’s source of light. At that hour the sun was still a huge, red ball so slightly above the horizon that it jcould not be reached with the 12-inch telescope. Five six-inch telescopes had been | placed in commission, however, on the roof of the observatory and, in com- mand of Dr. George A. Hill, astron- omer, attached to the observatory, were trained on the scene of the fam- ily reunion that was about to take place in the sky. It was through one of these that Prof. Hall and Dr. Hill took the accurate time of the first | meeting. i Laymen Disappointed. Like the recent visit of Mars to this planet, and the call Halley's comet paid some rs ago, the eclipse was at first a disappointment to its unof- ficlal observers. They all expected too much, but there was a tremendous jappeal to it that kept every one of the assembly at the obscrvatory, from Secretary Hughes down to a young- ster from Central High School, hop ping around on the roof or in the dome of the larger telescope trying to keep warm for more than an hour. Weather Bitter Cold. It was bitter cold. Colder in the dome than the r00f, and out there it felt like below zero. At first Prof. | Hall and Dr. Hill had difficulty per- suading their guests to believe that the big, light orange color that oc- ocupied the faces of the Instruments was the sun, about to be blotted out by tis least favored offspring, the moon. Then the eclipse began, almoy e e e nued on Page 2, Column 4.) (Conti