Evening Star Newspaper, November 23, 1924, Page 51

Everyday Religion Not a Tulk. BY RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEM;N Bishop of Washington. THE SENSE OF MISSION. Genesis, §5.8—It was not you. that sent s hither, dut God." IFI'S foregrounds are largely determined by its back- grounds. Believing in what is behind we clearly and with assurance project ourselves into what is before. Too many of us attempt tasks beyond our power: and experience failure because we have no sense of preparedness or fitness to prosecute them to a suc- cessful issue. A young and inexperi- enced member of thé British Parlia- ment once undertook to join issue with the greater premier upon a w~zzstion of public policy. After an impassioned appeal that lacked bal- anced judgment the youthful mem- Dber hurriedly left his seat, and as he retired through the door Gladstone wrose and, pointing his finger at the retreating figure, said: “There goes a young man with his future behind him.” What the great statesman meant to imply was that the youthful member had ecsayed a role that disclosed unfitness and lack of background. * % ok X - Occasionally some one comes into the public view and with scintillat- ing wit holds attention for a brief space, but when the stern tests are applied he fails of both recognition and approval, because he lacks that supreme essential that we commonly call background. Two things are indispensable to ency and success. The one is that definitencss of conviction that #rows out of the sense of mission: ihe other is that fixity of aim or objective that impels one to say, in re language of Paul, “This one ng I do. The words of the text were spoken by a man whose career occuples a conspicuous place in ome of the earliest books of the Scriptures. The circumstances under which the words were spoken are exceedingly dra- matie. Joseph by h as a youth brethren into ¢ they, for reasons of wiven him over to anitish merchantmen they felt that they had made an end of him. Carried down to Lzypt the youth came st length vecupy one of the most conspicuous places in the large concerns of the pvernment At length his brethrea pressed for food, came down to i replenish their stor nowledge of their brother's distinc- were brought in contact . and the story of his treat those who had conspired to had been sold When hard EY Dt Without of Coast Guard Engaged in Real Warfare Again (Continued from F st Page.) cutter Seneca, had aboard of Scotch: the Sagatind. a M steamship, also captured October 12 by the Coast Guard cutter Seneca ha 8,000 cases of whisky; the Fred B, “ British steamship captured Octo- | ber by the Coast Guard cutter Manhattan, had 5,500 cases of liquor; the Pictonian, a British schooner cap- tured September 27 by the Coas Guard cutter Seneca had 500 cases alcohol: the Quadra, a British steamship, captured October 12 by the st Guard cutter Shawnee. had 569 cases of liguor, 194 kegs of alcohol, 129 barrels of whisky and 104 cartons of liquor with 24 pints to the carton. Other cxtremely important ures were the Over the Top, a sritish schoomer, October 20, by the o Guard cutter Tampa and the | hooner Marjorie . Bach- captured October 1 by the Coast Guard cutter Tamp: In the: exploits Lieut. Comdr. Yeandle was Admiral Bullard's agent n the field along the coast from New Jersey to New Hampshire. It was a ‘“clena-up” drive to sce how the Coast Guard is working against the rum fleet and to learn for the commandant what types of boats are nost effective. He also brings back deas from the officers and men en- #aged in the work. The Coast Guard is now ready to go before any com- mittee of Congress with definite, ac curate information from an observer fresh from the scene of activities. In making his investigations Lieut. Comdr. Yeandle went in an airplane along the coast and over the rum fleet, at other times in a small, fast £peed boat. He lived with and visit- €d the rum ships and the colonies of bootleggers, trying to get the at- mosphere of their business and learn | their methods so that the Coast Guard can work out methods to com- | bat them. | ow it must not be understood that | the Coast Guard is going before Con- | gress asking for any increased ap-| propriation to fight the rum fleet and | make the coast Impregnable. The at- titude of the Coast (Guard is just| 400 cases rwegian recent itish man, had | to | = | boat, |G on Theology, But Upen Life and Right Living. . D. defeat him reveals a character alto- gether chivalrous and magnanimous. * K ok % In the instance of the text the time had come for him to disclose his identity. A banquet was prepared for his brothers, and Joseph appeared before ‘thém. When once they knew of his pluce and power they were filled with amazement. consternation and deep concern. It was at this juncture that he declared to them that all unwittingly they had been the means of his elevation, and he concluded his dramatic statement| with the words, “It was not you that sert me hither, but God. Joseph had a deep consciousness of the sense of mission. He believed ‘hat in some wey he was part of a great scheme or plan of things of which God was the supreme architect. | Tt is striking to note as we study | be lives of men and women that those who have contributed most 'argely to the weal “of their genera- ‘fon have felt with a deep conviction | that somehow. some way, they were workers together with God In carry- ing forward His infinite designs. They seemed to carry in their per- sons the sense of mission. and wherever they touched life they con- veyed the conviction that they were definite in both their authority and aim. * % x x | There is something splendid about |that vrief passage that describes |John the Forerunner, “a man sent |from Ged” ~Aimless living is profit- |less living. Desultory habits in- | evitably result in faflure. Of Jesus| It was said that “He set His face to |Ro up to Jerusalem.” One of His| | ereatest interpreters made bold to, | declare, “To me to live is Christ.” | | Little wonder i it that the world’s | |vision is focussed upon the Man of | |Nazareth. A critical student of His| life declared that the consciousness {of supreme authority that resides in Jesus is one of the most compelling attriLutes of His life | Standing by an ancient sun dial in| |Grey Friar's Churchyard in Scotland, | | T read this legend upon the -dial: | “T am a shadow. so art thou, T mark time, dost thou?” | _The question was a searching one. |1t seemcd to make its mute appeal | |for fixity of conviction and definite- | ness of objective in the scheme of} [life. To fecl the driving force that | comes from the consciousness that {life is an infinite plany of which we |are essentinl parts, and to believe| that ultimately the thing we do is to {make this plan more perfect. is to live with an ever increasing sense of {deep satisfaction, and to experience | within ourselves thut peace which lna th all understanding. (Copyriit, 1924 [ st Rum Runners i | smugglers who were unloading thelr | which fiad just arrived from | the rum flect. Despite the fire opened {on the Coast Guard men, a number ‘af cases of liquor were seized. The overwhelming numbers forced the| Coast (Guard men to withdraw for re- | inforcements. The Coast Guard pl(‘k!l! boat from the Sandy Hook station responded. These two Coast Guard boats, with a total now of seven men, | returned to the scene and despite the | falling tide and & hot fire opened | on them from the shore, the Coast | Guard men landed ana deployed skirmishers on the beacn. Though the smugglers still outnumbered the Coast Guard men, they were driven off by the return fire. and a portion of the Scotch whisky they had land- ed .w captured. Fights of this kind, sometimes miles out in the open sea and at other times along lonely heaches on the Jersey and ~ Long Island coasts, are typical of the warfare which the | Coast Guard are now engaged in. | The Coast Guard in reports always ! refers to the rum fleet as “the enemy™ | or “black fleet.” Most of the Coast, ard officers are graduates of the| War College and use the same tacti. and strategy as against an enemy fleet. Admiral Billard’s job is to out- Buess the officers of the rum fleet, and to spring surprises on - them | through some unexpected tactics. To | that end he has forbidden interviews by Coast Guard officers to the press and refused requests to allow corre- spondents to go out with cutters on patrol. His position is that the Coast ! Guard is not engaged in a publicity campalgn, but in actual warfare | against an enemy with brains ana! financial backing and a wonderful in- telligence service. The *special concentration now is| along the coast of New Jersey, New York and New England, although & great deal is being done now in Puget ound, off San Francisco and in the | Gulf of Mexico. In the big captures during the last month Admiral Billard sprang a sur- prise on the, foreign rum fleet be- cause they knew that the Coast Guard has not yet got its big boats and they never expected small boats would be this—to do all it can with the equip- ment Congress gives it, until a thor- | »ugh test has been made with the re- | sources already provided. While the | existing appropriation is not what | the Coast Guard originally estimated | would be necessary for the enormous | problem of completely blockading the | 10,000 miles of seacoast, yet the Coast | Guard wants to give a fair trial and submit results, refraining from mak- ing any other requests—just to show Congress what it has done. , Profitable Civil War Trade. In this connection it interesting to note that during the Civil War the ever before or since, employed every before or since. was employed in attempting to close the coast iine from Norfolk to Galveston against | the British blockade runners, who ! were bringing supplies to the Con- federacy and carrying back cotton to England. That trade then was as profitable as rum running today, be- cause those ships carried cargoes both ways. The Coast Guard today has a prob. lem four times as great as the Nav Dhad then, without including the Great TLakes or Alaska, which are a serious | problem themselves. So the Coast Guard has refrained from making any promises of wonderful achievement. But a pet expression of the admiral commandant of the Coast Guard is: “In 134 years of its existence the Coast Guard has never fallen down on a job." It should be emphasized that the Coast Guard did not make the law and did not seek the duty of enforc- ing it .,as It~already had a great'va- riety of duties; but just the same every officer and man in the Coast Guard is whole-heartedly working to carry out the orders of the Chief Ex- ecutive and enforce the Constitution. The men of the Coast Guard are under constant strain of danger and hardships. Here ls one illustration: At 9:30 p.m., OQctober 28, a Coast Guard picket boat, manned by three Coast Guard men, located a party of rum runners unloading their boat near Leonardo, on the New Jersey | tief only sent that far off shore—sometimes over 20 and 40 miles. Kaiser Is Borrowing Money Everywhere| The ex-Kaiser of Germany and the German ex-princes are eo confident that they will win the pending law suit for the restoration of their castles | and estates throughout Germany, which are worth about $5,000,000 an- nually that they are borrowing money everywhere succsatully. Thou- sands of former friends are writing begging letters to the ex-kalser preparatory to the ex-kaiser becom- ing rich again. The ex-kaiser has written to Herr von Berg, his repre- sentative in Berlin, to give money re. in cases of real dlstre of formcr employes, but he has not sent cash for it. Herr von Berg is there- fore borrowing right and left on “fu- tures” on behalf of the ex-kaiser. When Count Westarp, leader of the Natlonalist party. last visited Doorn, the ex-kaiser asked him what chances he had of becoming king again. It was hinted that the ex-kalser fully expected to win his law sults and might use the proceeds in an effort to regain the throne. Count Westarp replied that the ex-kalser's flight from Germany and his.marrlage to Princess Hermione made the ex- kaiser's return to the German throne impossible. But, he added, a mem- ber of the houss of Hohenzollern cer- tainly had first chance. Finds Pigmy Race. A race of pigmies living in slavery |Standards and engineers of all sorts | nual | agencies, OT oaly.a “community dntel- llgence service” as well known and as inevitably used by the entire com- munity as the post office, but a great continuation school and an agency for intellectual and spiritual emancipation (which is the ideal of public library work), has been de- veloped here during the past 20 years by Dr, George F. Bowerman, Wash- ington’s public librarian. The President of the United States, United States: Senators and Repre- sontatives, officers of the Federal and District governments and of elvic, artistic, literary. sclentific and educa- tional organizations and representa- tive citizens, are being invited by the library trustees and the library staff to-aglend a reception at the central libr: December 3, in honor of Dr. Bowerman's service to the public. The National Capital, which in many respects ks a model for the rest of the country, is not vet a model with regard to its free Public Library —for two principal reasons: First, it lacks adequate financial support, re- ceiving only 34 cents per capita of population, ~ while the American Library Association sets $1 per capita as the minimum requirement for good library service; and, second, the de- mands upon it are different from those on_most Yocal libraries. L ght here it should be emphasized that the army of Government em- ployes in Washington, many of them requiving sclentific and technlcal literature. such as workers in the Washington na yard, Bureau of engaged on Government projects, as well as ‘the numerous personnel of the many national associations that have established their headquarters in Washington, look to the Public Library to supply their needs—which makes a drain on the library such as is found in few other cities. Most people throughout the country Fave an idea that the famous Library of Congress, a wonderful collection of rare and even unique books, serves the local community just the same as a town library does. It must be borne in mind that though the reference department of the Library of Congress is open to all comers from any place, this great library is primarily for the use of Congress and the privilege of general home use of books s restricted by statute to mem- bers and certain employes of Con- gress. the Supreme Court and certain very limited number of other officials. 0 the Public Library of the Dis- trict of Columbia must “carry on” for all those brought here by Con- gress and Uncle Sam's workshop, hich is the biggest industrial estab- lishment in all the world—as well as meet the needs of the local residents. % & * % | Inspired and encouraged by this| extraordinary call for service, Dr. Bowerman has not allowed himself to be discouraged by the extreme dif- ficulty of getting anything like ade- quate appropriations, and under his| administration the library has had a| remarkable oxpansion. When he first came here, September 1, 1904, a little over a year after the library had oc- cupled its present central building, at Seventh street and New York avenue, the library had about 63,000 volumes, a staff of 35 persons, an annual ap- propriation of about $33.000. Its an-| home circulation was 278,000 84 per cent of which w The library work was con- al library and one | station conducted by volunteers. A | small’ beginning had been made at work for children, but there was no | work with schools or uther outside | agencies. In spite of the difficulties exper! enced by voteless Washington in se-| curing the appropriations needed for | carrying on the work of public inst tutions, the library’s appropriations | for maintenance for the current year | are $170,000. Its collection now num- | bers nearly 260,000 volumes and more than 50,000 mounted pletures, also | amphlets, maps and clippings, and ! it circulated last year 1,136,000 vol- umes and 100,000 pictures. The per- centage of fiction in the book eircu-| lation has been reduced in the 20| years from 84 to 54. | The library has two branches in| separate buildinge, with a third near- ing completion, but it operates| through a total of 170 different| consisting, besides the | branches, of deposits in schools and colleges, stations, home libraries and | Summer camps. Nearly half of its| circulation is from its three .vhuuren'.~l rooms and through practically every volumes, fiction. fined to the cent 1 BY HENRY W. -~ HE following is a brief sum- mary of the most important news of the world for the seven days ended November Great Britain.—Austen Chamberlain, secretary of state for foreign affairs (a true chip of the old block), has re- vived the high imperial style in the foreign office. He curtly Informs the Moscow government that his govern- ment will not submit to Parliament the Russo-British treaties subscribed by the MacDonald government in Au- gust: in other words, those treaties die the death. In another note, nothing short of contemptuous in tone, he replies to a note from Rakovsky, the Russian charge d'affaires at London, of date October 25, in which Rakovsky as- serted the Zinoviev letter to be forg- ery. “Information in the possession of his majesty’'s government,” de- clares Mr. Chamberlain, “leaves no doubt whatsoever in their mind of the authenticity of Zinoviev's letter.” He goes on to denounce in scathing terms the propaganda of the Third Internationale, “of which thie letter is a fair specimen,” and which is “con- ducted with the knowledge and con- sent of the Soviet government.” An- other note, from Mr. Gregory, one of the permanent officials of the for- elgn office, to Rakovsky informs Rakovsky that the latter's note of October 27, to the foreign office, was “one which his majesty’s government could not consent to receive” The note In question declared the Zino- viev letter to be *“an impudent forg- ery” and stated that the Soviet gov- ernment would “insist on an adequate apology and punishment of both pri- vate and official persons involved in the forgery.”. ‘What now, Zinoviev? The naval correspondent of the London Times asserts (citing statl tics), in contradiction to statements by William B. Shearer, that the Brit- ish government has scrupulously ful- filled its obligations under the Wash- ington naval treaty as to scrapping of ships. MM. Tchitcherin and e e S ‘France.—The French Senate has passed the amnesty bill, with some amendments, including the clause and dominated by a race of negroes has been discovered in the Kongo by Dr. Laan Hollander, an explorer, who reached Johannesburg after a ten-month journey through the heart of ‘Africa fronf Cairo. He also dis- covered a white rhinoceros, which he shot dead as it charged him. Dr granting amnesty to former Premier Calllaux and former Minister of the Interior Malvy. Neither is exoner- ated. It seems extremely improbable that Cafllaux will ask for a review of his case. The evidence appears to be overwhelming that, whatever his al- leged motives, at the helght of the coast. The three Coast Guard men| Hollander has 40 yards of the skin| war, he intriguéd (mark the word) advanced upon & party of over 10 in his possession. for 'a -compromise peace with Ger- public school and many parochial and |of fine innate personal qualities, and other private schools, with which the Ibrarian has established helpful co-op- erative relations. o * x But the extcnsion work of the li- | brary, large and effective as it is, is not more important than its inten- sive work. Through its reference service, both adult and juvenile, the library ministers to all classcs of tie community; through its indus- tffal division it helps business men, engineers, farmers, and home owners; through' its pamphlet and clipping collections it furnishes up-to-date in- formation to newspaper men, Stu- dents, dcbaters. on almost every sub- ject; through its picture collection of 50,000 mounted pictures visual instruction to art ers, students of geography others Through its careful choice books, almost every subject of hu- man_ knowledge is represented by Looks from varying viewpoints, suit- ed to varying reading tastes abilities; books in a score languages are supplied to the for- cign-Lorn and to American students of foreign languakes and literatures; literature in all its forms is repre- sented by the best and often by the of | second beit. One of the most important achieve- ments by Dr. Bowerman has been the bullding up of a staff of alert, eager. devoted assistants, well educated and well trained—and morale in spite of low salaries—so that they vitalize and interpret and make available to the fullest possible tent this collection of books, maga- zines, pamphlets, clippings and pic- tures. Throughout hLis service in ington r. Bowerman has ma ed a class for training assistants. Most of the time salaries authorized b Congress have been too small to make possible the employment of muny graduates of the reguler brary schools. Though the taff has in its ranks graduates of local und other colleges and some library schools, most of the recruits nave been trained by the librarian and h's chiefs of divisions. This plan has succeeded in securing a staff Wash- many. But a review of Malvy's case is probable. He claims to have been made a scapegoat for others’ offend- ing. A review of that case would be very interesting. The bonds of a French loan of $100,000,000, payable in 25 years and arrying interest at 7 per cent, will be launched tomorrow on the Ameri- can market, under the auspices of the Morgan and allied interests. * ok ox % Spoin.—From his safe retreat in Paris, Blasco Ibanez continues to =pill his venom on the reputation of King Alfonso, accusing the monarch of treacherous pro-Germanic acts dur- ing the great war, while he professed to be Francophile and of responsibil- ity for the terrible Moroccan disaster of 1921; and intimating other worse things, to be nameless for the pres- ent, but to be disclosed all in good time. Primo De Rivera, the Spanish dic- tator, was happy in his selection of Admiral the Marquis De Magaz to hold down his-job in Spain while he is directing operations in the -Span- ish zone of Morocco. The admiral turns out to be a master of the art of .logomachy. He writes a letter to a Paris newspaper concerning the revolutionary and aspersive activities of Senor Ibanez. After intimating that Ibanez is less concerned for the welfare -of his country than to ad- vertise himself, he thus continues: “Having been away from Spain for many years, Ibanez knows of what is going on here only through the reports of his friends, who are poets: of hyperbolic minds. If he could per- sonally observe the present quiet in Spain, how infrequent are political arrests, the absence of party strife, he would perceive that the Spanisp]| people are not in need of impro- vised salvation.” This is as it may be, but at any rate the expression is neat, Miguel De Unamuno, the Salaman- can professor, . whose exile from Spain, because of his attacks on the directorate, has aroused so much sympathy throughout the world, con- tinues (like Ibanez from :safe re- treat at Paris) to revile the King and dictator, in language of almost in- credible ferocity and not infrequent obscenity. Quite the mildest thing he has to say of the King is thaf he is “a Deauviile King, a night-life King.” Unamuno’'s books, which prior to his ejection from Spain were little read, now-yleld neat little royalties. On the eve of departing for Moroc- co, Primo De Rivera issued several manifestoes, He expressed regret that the moment had not yet arrived for restoration -of “constitutional - nor- mality.” It would not. arrive- prior to complete ‘Tiquidation” s of the Moroccan situation and satisfactory maintaining their | | and | r more of | ntain- | 1i- | lbrary | } { fitted {ence tn important librar training and service under Dr. Bow- erman have fired the members of the staff with the same zeal for commu- nity service that is Dr. Bowerman's dominant characteristic. S Dr. Bowerman regards his difficult and most important task that of securing appropriations with which to run the Jibrary. The use of the li- brary by a constituency of the best educated, the most voracious readers and at the same time the most d criminating and the most diversi- fled {n their'tastes, throws demands on the library that always far out- strip the library’s abilities to sup- Ply books or information service, so that the library is never able to catch up with itself. He contrasts 34 cents per capita of Washington's popula- tion spent on the Public Library here with $1.30 per capita spent by Cleve- land on its Public Library. “What could we not do,” sald he, “if we only had such support, or even $1 per cap- ita, the standard set by the American Library Assoclation as the minimum necessary for good lbrary service.” Washington has had the benefit of mature work after Dr. Bowerman has himself by specialized courses and by broadening practical experi- work else- He 18 a product of Quaker ancestry, parentage and upbringing. spent his early farm. where course of manual training. By curfous conicidence this man who has devoted his life to books had access to few books or periodicals in his ear v life, espec as compared with what boy w. and infinitesi- mal as compared with the books in a modern public library. owerman attended then went to the Wesleyan Seminary at Lim nd to the University of Rochester, where he was graduated in 1892 with the degree of A. He was obliged to go through college partly on what Le could earn in vacation time and partly on borrowed money. A vear spent in a business office gave him valuab’e experience but also led him to seek a more congenial occupa- where. he had a Dr. school. country organization of the Patriotic Union— that is, the new poltical party which is to carry forward, under a restored regime of “constitutional normality,” the program of the militaty director- ate. Alas, “the road of purification stretches far ahead,” but great im- provement has been achieved in the domestic situation! The national cred- it was never better nor unemploy- ment less. Educational reform pro- ceeds apace, etc.—again, this Is as it may be. The Spaniards are suffering heavy casualties in their withdrawal from Sheshawan (one of the three “sacred towns”) of Morocco, including one general officer killed. and one badly wounded. * ook % China.—A Dawes plan for China is the latest thing in ideas. Sun Yat Sen, until the other day president of the Canton or South China Republic, has “taken refuge” in the French concession in Shanghai. We lack Information as to what is doing at Canton. ©n November 16, Wu Pei Fu arrived at Nanking on the Yangtze with 4.000 troops, the remnant left to him of his large army of several weeks ago. He at once got into consultation with representatives awaiting him there, of the provinces of Kiangsu, Hupeh, Cheklang, Kiangsi, Fu- kien, Nganhui, Honan and Shen- si. These provinces have issued a declaration of temporary independ- ence, to hold good until a satisfactory central government for all China has been established. * X ¥ % Egypt.—On November 19, as Maj. Gen. Sir Lee Stack, governor general of the Sudan and sirdar of the Egyp- tian army since 1919, was riding in an automobile through one of the streets of Calro, a group of seven or more Egyptians attacked the car; first with a bomb and then, the bomb faillpg to explode, with fire from automatic pistols. The sirdar was wounded in three places, including the abdomen, and died the next day. His chauffeur, an Australian, though wounded in two places, drove on coolly to the British residency. The assailants escaped in automobiles, but have since been caught and im- pounded. One may allow sincerity to the ex- pressions of horror and regret from Zaghlul Pasha, the Egyptian premier, but Zaghlul is largely responsible for the state of mind of which such crimes are the expression and the lower. Zaghlul, by the way, resigned the premtership on the 15th, but the next day he withdrew his resignation in response to frantic demonstrations by the thousands of students of the most | life on a York State | hardening | and term | tion. On a visit to the world's fai~ at Ch'cago in 1893, he met Melvil Dewey, state librarian of New York, the author of the decimal classifica- tlon used in most libraries, and one of the leading members of the library profession at that period. As a resuit of that meeting Bowerman gave up business and entered the New York State Library School at Albany. There too he was obliged to work his way, but he completed the regular two years course and secured the degree of bachelor of library sclence in 1895. Dr. Bowerman spent & year as ref- erence librarian in a library at Rochester, two years in the New York State Library, where his service in- cluded that of legislative reference librarian. In 1898 and for two years thereafter he was a member of the editorial staff of the New York Trib- une, where he was librarian, writer of blographical and general informa- tlon articles, including editorials on educational and library subjects. Fol- lowed a year on the editorial staff of the New International Cyclopedia. He became chief librarian of the public library of Wilmington, Del., in 1901. This was an old Institution and rather somnolent. He vitalized the library by establishing co-operative relations with_schools, popularizing the children’s department and adding many other modern features then un- known or in thelr infancy, but now commonplaces of public library work. He was also a member of the first Delaware State library commission, helped to secure its first appropria- tion from the State legislature and to raise other funds by subscriptions and did much of the early organiza- tion work. * ok ok ok Dr. Bowerman's position among librarians has been recognized by the fact that he has been president of the local library association and has been a councillor and chairman of many important committees of the American Library Association. While chairman of the committee on library administration he devised the form for uniform library statistics now used by practically all American pub M libraries. He has long been a member of the library commission of the Boy Scouts of America, as well as member of the national council of | that organization. He is a member; of the Cosmos Club, the Federal Club, | the Monday Evening Club. the Wash- | | ington Literary Socfety, the Archaeo- | logical Society, a councillor of the ‘Washington Society of the Fine Arts, a trustee of the National Parks Asso- | ciation, a member of the committee | lof 100 on the development «f thel Capital City and a member of thel committee on national representauion. | He is a member of the Alvha Delt Phi college fraternity and of the hon orary scholarship society of Phi Beta Kappa. In 1913 the George Washing- ton University conferred on him the honorary degree of L.H.D. in recoz- nition of his service as Washiniton's public librarian. He is a frequent speaker before th local and national library associ tions and has spoken before th American Booksellers' Association. He | has frequently been called into coun- cil as a speaker or in conferencc by cities planning to establish | | | | i i public | libraries. He also speaks before local citizens' associations, parent-teacher associations, women's clubs, zeachers’ organizations and other organiza- tions * % % Dr. Bowerman has published a very large number of articles on many phases of library work, in the pro- fessional library press as well as more general periodicals, : He has had u large part in the re classification movement. particularly as it affects libraries; was chairman of the first library advisory wage committee, organized by the Joint Congressional Commission on Reclas- sification, and has been on the re- classification job ever since. i | He has made several trips to Eu- | rope as a tourist. | ed the International Congress of Li- brarians at Burssels From all of which it can readily be seen that while the Washington Pub- lic, Library’s sphere of influenc helpfulness as an educational agen has been growing by leaps and bounds during the last two decades, Dr. Bowerman has not allowed him self to settle back as a “bookworm, but has developed with his job, and broadened himself with the times, and kept abreast with the world's best thought and practice on library subjects, while at the same time be- {ing an all-round good citizen away the greatest university of the Moslem world. Some rare spirits , crowneg recorded. * % x % - United States of America. the California authorities regard with a certain nonchalance the action of the ranchers and business men of Owens Valley, there seems no rea- son why the rest of the world should worry. It “appears that in 1907 the city of Los Angeles built an aque- duct, which carries the waters of Owens Valley 200 miles to the city. Result: The valley people (so they allege) they need for irrigation; moreover (50 the allegation goes), the Los An- geles authorities have steadlly turned deaf ears to proposals of compensa- tion or for reasonable supply of water to the valley. So the other day the valley people (remembering the forty-niners) proceeded to direct ac- tion with a vengeance. They seized one of the gates of the aqueduct and diverted a vast flow to waste. At last Teports the gate was still open. A commission of nine members, ap- pointed by the President for the pur- pose of evolving a “program for per- manent stabilization of agriculture,” has begun its labors. Tt will consider every aspect of the great problem, as the character of new agricultural legislation required; the administra- tion of existing laws relating to agri- culture; co-operatjve marketing; rail- road freight rates, water power. The cattle industry is to receive special attention. It is reported that the President hopes for leglslation re- lating to co-operative marketing and the cattle industry in the coming short session. The Philippine legislature adjourn- ed about a fortnight ago, but reas- sembled on the 19th as “The Philip- pine Independence Commission,” and in that capacity unanimously passed a resolution demanding “immediate, absolute and complete independence.’ * ok € % ‘The League of Natioms.—The inter- national opium conference now tak- ing place at Geneva is of peculiar interest to Americans for two reasons; one that the narcotic evil is so rife among us; the other that our Gov- ernment is officially repfesented at the conference, though the latter is under league auspices. The American delegation has submitted proposals € are deprived of the water| In 1910 he attend- | | | | i | | | employers™* 1 asked {and Howe About Dirt and Women; the Rich and Their Golds. Old Cats and Birds. —— BY E. W. HOWE. “The Sage of Potato Hill” DO not amount to anything as a writer bécause of the angel sex. By. the time I get to going good. Hannah, a colored woman who works for us, appears to clean up my room. And when she gets through, every- thing is disarranged.. By the time I get them In order, Hannah appears again with a broom. Speaking of writing, I have never in my life written anything that suited me. I have in mind a simple form of expression, but before 1 get around to it, I am disturbed by the appearance of a dust rag. I have a subscriber who lives in a distant State, and who writes me oc- casionally that there are no women in hig household. He says he is will- ing to get along with a little dirt for the satisfaction of being rid of women. I intended going to see him until 1 learned by accident he lives with a sister and her two daughters, and that they henpeck him unmercifully. * ok % % Since a kind word for the devil is occasionally spoken (people frequent- 1y say, “Give the devil his due”) pos- sibly a kind word for the rich will be permitted by the infuriated pop- ulace. e 'ver occur to you how frequently the rich relieve the needs of poor kin? You never saw a reasonably well-to-do man who was not followed about by a flock of poor relations. True, he is usually “worked” into caring for them, but he becomes ac- customed to being robbed by them, and in a way enjoys their adoration. When he gloats over his gold in their presence—that is, takes them riding in his big automobile, enter- tains them in his big house, buys them boots, hat or coat—he must en- joy them. Perhaps caring for poor kin and the incense they spread along his path is as enjoyable a thing as a rich man knows. But helping poor kin is not the limit of the good performed by the rich man. Every time he counts his gold and bullds a swagger residence it-represents $12 a day paid to plas- terers, $16 a day paid to plumbers, $6 a day pald to laborers. When he buys a big automobile with balloon tires he finds, on count- ing his gold, that he has less left, and that the deficiency has not only gone to high-priced mechanics, but some of it to the Government, to pay its expenses. The rich man only counts his gold, In fact, to see if he has enough left to employ poorer people, and Wwho charge him a plenty. The man who counting his gold pays higher for everything than others The tarnished gold of the rich is frequently purified by feeding and entertaining poor people. tide over the country and every where you will see abandoned enter- prises, alf of them financed by men who have kissed their gold good- bye. All the costly experiments are made by men in the hope of having more gold to count and gloat over, and who frequently find they have less. There tavor of their gold, s actually much those who love to and gloat over it. to say in count Let us thank the gods that the rich frequently have what we lowely people are most distinguished - far, to wit: Boor judgment. o And thus we get a chance to know the joy of counting gold and glomv- ing over ft. You know how I gloat over dollar bills coming through the mails ‘éh subscriptions. Well, seven came in one day, lately, and I gloated over them, and counted them again and again. * K k% 1 have never sald or intimated that there is not dishonesty and trickery, and plenty of it, in business. What T have said and believe is that for every business man willing to rob a customer there are a dozen customers willing to rob a business man. Business men know hones-- is a business asset, but customers do not as generally know honesty is the best policy. e I was lately attending a minstrel show, and when one of the minstrels began singing in a_ high, squeaky voice, a man sitting behind me said: “Another Nance.” (His meaning was Another Nancy, an effeminate man easily pushed out of the way by real he.men.) There are various grades of the Nance type of men: not all of them are female impersonators with minstrel shows. You find them in the various clubs, where they take abuse from the speakers. They take ticket at the soclables and are called “Brother” by the elderly women, none of whom greatly cares for them Their wives sit on them, and their children frequently regret that pa hasn't more backbone. Real he men have coarse voices. There aré ob- jections to them, but they are the best sort in a rough world. Find a man who is rough and mean occa- sionally, and usually he has a little abllity hidden away somewhere: it is difficult to fool him, and any man easily fooled is apt to be in such con- stant trouble that he hasn't time for anything else. The Nance also oc- casionally finds his way into litera- ture, to the Chautauqua platform where he sings about things real men know nothing about. Visit any successful establishment and you will find in charge a he man, who bawls out in a hoarse voice those who do not perform pretty well. = x * { T am afraid of policemen, Look | out for the man who is not dnd who lalso defles public sentiment and judges. He'll do something deserving greater punishment than rfllrlmsl{d from a policeman. Such a fellow is likely to become one of the editors of a newspaper printed in a peniten- tiary by convicts and write about the best way to handle the rr(min‘al. which, he will contend. is not yith confinement, but with kindness. * ¥ k ¥ Ever seen an old cat? Or an old bird? All the adult cats and birds I have seen have been of about the same age. I see old horses, old cows, old men, old everything else, but all birds and cats seem to be middle-aged and vigorous; about equally able to make their way. (One of the trifling | things T thought of last night whaea | T couldn't sleep.) (Coprright, | | | | | | 1924.) Allen Sees a Useful Future For Kansas Industrial Court (Continued from First Page.) haul it. They wou'd not supply it even to the city hospital, which in the dead of the Winter was filled chiefly with their own wives and children. We sent e and | war veterans down there to the mines. They dug coal all right, but they did something more than that. They proved that the Government does have a right to protect the public. Labor claims it wants justice. What it really wants is power. The strike is mnot justice. It gives one side the right to decide. It is power Squeezing the Public. “Was the Industrial Court opposed by Yes, but not nearly so bitteriy. Most of them co-operated with us. Some op- posed the court for the same reason but also that of coca, whence * caine.” The Turkish delegation co- has pro- | nosed extension of the restriction to of | Indian hemp (whence hashish. Azhar University of Cairo, far and| bhang). 1t is estimated that about 12 of opium have been smuggled tons into T / the | the United States within the past two demonstrations by thé exploit- above | vears. The smuggling of opium and coca derivatives also has been heavy. In compliance with a request from the British government, the league { council will omit from-the agenda of December conference considera- tion of the “protocol of arbitration security.” The British govern- ment has taken pains to make it clear that no inference Whatever should be drawn from its request as to that government’s attitude toward the protocol. Its decision regarding the protocol will be taken only after thorough cohsultation with the gov- ernments of the outlying common- wealths of the empire, and such con- sultation will require a long time. Whence, and for other. reasons, it seems improbable that the proposed conference on limitation of arma- ments (under league auspices) Wwill be held as early as June, 1925. It seems to be the inside opinion that it will be postponed to 1926, and that the next league assembly will modi- fy and clarify that foggy document, the protocol. One is surprised by the report that Lord Robert Cecil will not resume his old place as the British representa- tive on the council of the league: that the place will be taken by Aus- ten Chamberlain, British secretary of state for foreign affairs. Mr. Cham- berlain is admirably fitted for the job, but somehow one associates it with Lorg Robert. * & x % Notes.—The Netherlands guilder has risen to par on New York exchange. The Swiss franc, the Canadlan dol- lar, the Swedish kronen and the new German relchsmark are also at or ery close to par. The standard gold alue of the guilder is 40.2 cents. The Itallan political situation hes not obviously developed during the past week to the advantage elther of the Fascisti or the opposition. As I have pointed out, the great danger to Mussolini is that the “rump” of its a quorum by further withdrawals. At an important session the other day the attendance was only 347, 330 constituting a quorum. Gen. Pershing has been appointed ambhssador extraordinary and min- ister plenipotentiary to attend the ter- centenary celebration of the battle of Ayacucho (Peru), the last engagement of importance in the South American war of independence. In the battle looking to gradual deracination of)Gen. Antonio Jose Sucre, command- the curse by co-operation of all gov- | Ing for the South Americans, by his ernments, and by restriction of pro- duction to the needs of medicine and | ership, excellent strategy and intrepiq lead- won immortal renown and science. Not only would cultivation|gave the coup de grace to Spanish of the poppy be narrowly restricted, !rule in South America. the chamber may be reduced below | jlabor did, because it took away their right to fight. Both labor and capital | seem to have an insatiable appetite for | scrapping. AlLthey ask is that the pub- {lic pay for it.” They have a term they call economic pressure which, reduced to less eloquent language, means merel this: | “There are three layers of societs. “No. 1 layer—the workers—about per cent. No. per cent “No. 3 layer— | per _cent. | “Economic pressure means that No. 1 |and No. 3 squeeze. They squeeze the layer in between. Wages go up and | prices go up. Workers and employers | gain The pub'ic pays. “One great troub'e with this country is that it has a fearsome regard for or- ganized labor and capital.” 2 layer—the public—about 94 employers—about 1 Workers for the Court. | Mr. Allen picked up the telephone to | answer a long distance call from the | Associated Press in Kansas City. It | was his fourth and last interruption. “The editor of Railway Age once wrote me,” he said. hanging up the re- | ceiver, “that of the thousands of men | who had appiied for wo after thé break-up of the railroad shopmen's strike, 90 per cent of them wanted to work in Kansas. “That proves better than any state- ment 1 can give you that the bulk of the men are for cur court. They are looking for stable working conditions It's the leaders who cause the trouble. “I figure if we can guarantee workers the protection of their personal rights and their jobs, and industries planning to locate here the protection of their | property and their right to employ men. then that guarantee will do more to develop Kansas than a thousand ‘Come to Kaneas' signs lining the Lincoln highway.” (Copyright, 1924.) Freckles to Order For British Flappers Artificial “Sun kisses” are the latest essential for British flappers. A few months ago a freckle was a flaw—to be rigorously exercised with lemon juice and peroxide. Today | is an asset. Dame Fashion now de- mands a pale, clear skin, relieved with a slight sprinkling of freckles. the idea being that a thrush's egg complexfon super-imposed on a vamp- ish contour makes for piquancy. A beauty specialist, in the course of an interview, remarked—"Yes. the beauty spot has been ousted by freckles. Nature often places thie freckles badly. Art puts them where they tell, and that is not in mass lf‘orma.llwn on a nose of classical out- ne. “We place the artificial freckles ac- cording to the contour of the face and we grade the color from tobacec brown to burnt sienna, the shade de- pending on the complexion back- ground.” > Eve in search of a freckle does not always g0 to a beauty shop for it. Many of the freckles proudly borne in London today have come out of small brothers' paintboxes, and are painted on by Eve herself. Eleonora Duse Statue. In the Lombardian town of Vigeva- no, birthplace of Eleonora Duse, there was unveiled In the foyer of the Teptro Cagnomi a bronze statue by Signor Villa, -the sculptor, to the memory of the great actress. In the theater itself a crowded commemora- tive meeting s held, presided over by the prefect of the province of Pavia, when Glusoppe Meoni{ deliver- ed a speech on the art of Duse._