Evening Star Newspaper, September 11, 1924, Page 4

DOUBLE STANDARD INLAW IS CHARGED Press Regards Caverly Rul- ing as Creating Disre- spect for Courts. BY ROBI NEW YORK, T T. SMALL. September 11.—Life imprisonment in the cases of “Dickie” Loeb and “Babe’ Leopold may be justified only if these two youthful murderers are placed in a confine- ment so deep that they will never be heard of again. This is a preponder- ant note in editorial comment, gath- ered from all sections of the United States today on the action of Judge Caverly in the famous Chicago mur- der case. But public opinion scoffs at the idea that any such thing will happen. Life imprisonment has ceased to be life imprisonment. The money which per- mits rich criminals to hire expert lawyers and sympathetic alienists often follows up this advantage by xaining eventual freedom for the condemned. Pardon scandals -have been all too frequent the . country over. Ironical in the extreme is most of the expressed public opinion. If cap- ital punishment was not deserved in this case, then it should be abolished. | There could be no more atrocious crime than the kidnaping of little Robert Franks and his cold-blooded, pseudo-scientific murder. If the peo- ple of the United States as a whole sustain Judge Caverly’s view, they clearly favor the abolition of the gal- lows and the electric chair, to say nothing of Nevada's new-fangled lethal chamber. See Rich Favored, There is but one clash of opinion in all the gathered comment. A great majority of the thinking news- papers of the country feel that the reaction to the sparing of the Loeb and Leopold lives must be that in this land of freedom there is one law for the rich and another for the poor. A minority of the newspapers avow that Judge Caverly effectually has stopped the cynical from making just that claim, for he threw aside all the fanciful defense set up by the ex pensive alienists and the astute law- vers and predicated his action solely upon the youth of the defendants. If two poor boys of 18 and 19 had come before him, some editors are gen- erous enough to say Judge Caverly's action would have been the same. This generosity is the exception in the comment. not the rule. Condem- nation of the “tenderness” of the judge rings out from many sections, While a few newspapers go so far as to hurl the word “friendly” in a fashion that is anything but that The general feeling of the country seems to be that in prison the money behind Loeb and Leopold will lead to special favors for them. They will receive visitors, will publish™ their distorted views to the world and will in every way attempt to feed fat the notoriety and public attention they have received these last few months. Such a state of affairs is held to be abhorrent. The arrogant, deflant and cynical attitude of the boys in court; their willingness to bet before the sentence that they would receive nothing worse thar life imprisonment —thes: are some of the things that turned any possible sympathy away from them. Judge’s Task Teo Big. Newspapers as weil as many judges who have been interviewed hold the view that too much responsibility was placed upon Judge Caverly. It is agreed that no State should per- mit & person accused of first degree murder to plead guilty. If a sentence of death follows such a plea, it smacks of legal suicide. If an atro- cious crime is palliated by life im- prisonment, it shows that tender- hearted judges do not always follow the intent of the Jaw. Most of the States require a jury trial in first de- gree murder. Jllinois, of course, does not. That youth should be the cover for any sort of crime has led at least one editor to remark that boys who would imitate “Dickie” and “Babe” should be sure to do their “thrill killing earl. If, however. these two arch fiends are ‘placed virtually incommunicado in the penitentiary, if they really are entombed for the rest of their natural lives, if two such egotists can be swallowed up by the gray prison walls and be forever forgotten, then the punishment may have fitted the crime. Otherwise the chance for Illi- nois to sustain the majesty of the law throughout the 1and has been lost. Times Defends Caverly. The New York Times says Judge Caverly felt hanging of two youths was not upheld by modern practice or opinion, and draws the conclu- sion that “such a decision for such a reason will break the charge that Leopold and Loeb * escaped - death solely because their familles were rich “enough to pay large fees to lawyers. What the lawyers did or said for the defense went for noth- ing. Judge Caverly simply ignored it. Had the youthful murderers been poor and friendless they would have Press Generally THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 11, 1924 Survey of Nation-Wide Comment, Made by The Star, Reveals General dissatisfaction with the de- cision of Judge John R. Caverly in the case of Nathan Leopold, jr., and Richard Loeb s reflected in a nation- wide survey of editorial opinion con- ducted by The Star. The attitude of editors who dissent in the opinion that life imprisonment was a just punishment for the mur- derers of Bobby Franks is based upon a conviotion that neither of the con- fessed slayers will serve the entire sentence imposed. The avenues of return of the boys to society by pardon or parole are all too acces- sible to those of their class, it is pointed out. The note that the welfare of society was made secondary to the interest of the “wretched fiends” who commit- ted the murder runs strongly through virtually all comment on the de- elsion. Editors who support the decision, a decided minority, declare the boys escaped death to face a punishment far more severe. While there are wide differences of oplnion as to the wisdom .of his decision, there are many expressions of admiration for Judge Caverly's courage and sincerity. Points to Bix Lesson In Caverly's Deciion. CHICAGO DAILY ground assigned by Judge Caverly for his clemency will obviate much futile controversy concerning the lessons of the new psychology, the new crim- inology and the need of new defini- tions ‘of insanity and Idiocy. But, whether or not jurists and legislators decide to revise the criminal code as a result of the dramatic battle of phychiatrists in this case, parents, guardians, educators and ethical teachers should earnestly ponder the cardinal lessons taught by it. _“There is no greater menace to so- ciety than that which results from the neglect of moral training, from Indifference to youthful delinquency and from abandonment of proper dis- cipline in the home and in the school. The Loeb-Leopold case passes into history, but it has a solemn lesson for all parents and for all instructors of youth.” s Later Pardon ‘Wil Mock Justice. THE BOSTON POST—"It is safe to say that not one citizen in a hun- dred is surprised at the decision of Judge Caverly. With this determina- tion of the horrible case the Ameri- can people will, we conceive, be and remain satisfied, unless—it is perhaps safe to say, until—efforts begin with- in a few vears to get the murderers out of the penitentiary on the plea that they have completely recovered from their dangerous tendencies and are fit to go back into society, as Harry Thaw has gone back. Society of the kind that respects the laws of God and man, fathers and mothers, who would safeguard the lives of their children, will fervently pray that the sentence passed upon the slayers of an innocent boy will stand. Unless life imprisonment of these deliberate and cunning murders shall mean what it says, law and justice will have been made a mockery.” Fears Parole System Wil Free Boys Later. THE ST. LOUIS GLOBE DEMO- CRAT—“It does seem that if ever there was a crime justifying the ex- treme penalty of the law it was that one committed by Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold, jr. There would be much more public satisfaction with the verdict if life imprisonment meant prison for life. But in Amer- ican practice it is seldom that life imprisonment _involves confinement for more than 20 years and it is highly improbable that these men will be compelled to serve longer than that. Such a punishment for such a crime is inadequate. The prolongel hearing obviously contributed noth- ing to the administration of justice in this case. Therefore, it ought not to establish a precedent to be re- spected in criminal procedure.” Sees Exemption Of Future Murders. THE LOUISVILLE COURIER-JOU NAL—“Capital punishment might as well be abolished wherever the ex- ample set by Judge Caverly of Chi- cago is to be followed. “If Leopold and Loeb should not be hanged for their crimes, then no mur- derer should be put to death. “The judge's refusal to subject these two fiends to the just penalty of the law will intensify general con- tempt for those whosé duty it is to enforce the law, and whose weakness in refusing to do their duty has done so much to bring the law itself into contempt. “As long as our judges and juries as a rule are actuated by such tender- ness to murderers as that of Judge Caverly in this case murders will multiply; we shall continue to lament the disparity between the number of murders on this side of the Atlantic and the other, as well as the like dis- parity in the punishments of murder- ers, and as this tenderness continues it will be useless to hope for the eradication of all seeds of mob law, “Judge Caverly, aware that these murderers may yet escape the Jife im- prisonment to which he has sentenced them, expresses the hope that the au- thoritles will not be as soft-hearted in paroling them as he has been in escaped capital punishment precisely as Leopold and Loeb have escaped i The Times holds, however, that “to justify life imprisonment instead of execution for so monstrous a crime it must mean life extinguishment for the murderers, virtually an extinction for them as complete as death.” The Baltimore Evening Sun believes that if the case had been brought be- fore a jury there might have been greater likelihood of capital punish- ment, but it laments that “even in cases of jury trial i’ is becoming more and more difficult to exact the extreme penalty of the law." s All Murderers Alike. The Portland, Oreg., Joprnal agrees that Loeb and Leopold were not normal, but it asks, “What mur- derer isn't abnormal? If abnormal- ity is to be considered as an excuse for murder, where will society get profection? The inference is that the bloodier and more vicious the less Feason for the extreme penalty.” The Salt Lake Deseret News takes ‘the philosophical view that the de- “cislon should be accepted and adds: l“Let Illinois be sure that Loeb and /Leopold are kept where they can do no more harm, and let the world get [back to normal thought again.” The San Francisco Bulletin fears that “the social political effects of Judge Caverly's verdict are griev- ously to be dreaded. It will be wide- Jy regarded as illustrating a fatal weakness and a moral defect in our €ystem. It will augment the growing sense that there is one law for the obscure and another for the socially powerful.” The Kansas City Post boldly as- gerts that the “theory that there is llone set of Jaws for the rich and an- other for the friendless poor has re- ceived substantial support as a civil propaganda gnawing at the very vitals of national confidence and pride. Seen Respect Leasenmed. The Birmingham News, comment- ing that respect for courts does not exist to the degree that it sentencing them. . There are plenty of gamblers, however, who won bets that these fiends would escape the gallows, who are willing to wager that they will yet escape life impris- onment. “The outcome of the case is a vie- tory for the accomplished criminal lawyers who conducted the defense, and a victory for murder in a land distressingly cursed with murder. Demands Sentences Mean Life in Prixon. THE CLEVELAND PLAIN DEAL- ER—"If when a judge pronounces a life sentence it really meant life im- prisonment there would be much less inclination to criticize the court's decision in the Chicago murder case. “It _is, of course, to-be assumed that Judge Caverly made his decision with no other thought in mind than to serve to the best of his ability the interests of soclety, unmoved by the wealth of the defendants. “It was a tremendous responsibility which their plea of guilty put upon If he erred the error was the less, this - verdict tenced to life imprisonment, but in Chicago that may mean a quiet re- lease after 2 few months in which to let public interest turn in other di- rections. It is not surprising that the Chicago murder record’is about the worst in the world. “If any murderers in all the annals of American crime” deserved capital punishment, the Syracuse Herald be- lieves the kidnapers and slayers of Robert ¥ranks did. The Albany News is one of the papers that be- lieve capital punishment should either be wiped from the books or it should be administered. The Utica Observer-Dispatch de- mands that the sentence be served to the full, for it says no trumped-up expert testimony can ever satisfy the public that these boys deserve re- lease. Inadequate and “less than justice” are hundreds of other editorial com- for the safety of American tions, concludes that “this decision will not serve to increase that respect.” A Canadian view of the situation Is expressed by the Toronto Star. Lacoalcally it says: “The two Chi- fago degenerates have been sem- ® ments. ‘The sentence may be said to have met well nigh universal con- demnation, showing Judge ' Cav- erly ‘was right in saying that the path of least. resistance would have been to send the young men to the gallows, (Copyright, 1924.) | that their fellow strikes thousands of people famillar with the crime and the trial as & mis- carriage of justicy “One aspect of the case cannot have escaped general at gntion. Now that the decision has Ween rendered it is proper to call attemtion to it. We refer to the policy of certain newspapers, particularly ir Chicago, to try these murders in their own columns rather than let the case take its proper course In the court. ‘Criminals like Loeb and Leopold are a social responsibility as they are a social liability. It becomes a com- mon duty to insist that these par- ticular life sentences shall mean something more than a defendant’s victory, every time justice slips and our own rights are assailed.” Narrow Legalism Heed Decixion Baxix. ST. PAUL DISPATCH—"If it is the intention of the law never to impose capital punishment on youthful mur- derers, then it clearly is the inten- tion of the law that Loeb and Leo- pold should not hang, it must be ad- mitted that the fact that no minor who entered a plea of guilty has ever been hanged in Illinois is a strong point in support of the life sentence, “It is narrow legalism to excuse Loeb and Leopold on the score «of their youth and their pleas of guilty. In a formal sense they certainly do comp! with the defi ion. They are, in years, youths, and they did enter a plea of guilty. Yet, in any real sense they are not vouths, their crime was not an outburst of youth- ful irresponsibility, and if they had not committed this crime no one would have judged them intellectual- Iy immature.” Seex Soclety Rixhts Ignored in Deeision. KANSAS CITY STAR—"In dealing with criminals the protection of so- ciety is the first consideration. Re- sponsible murderers are subject to the death penalty, not, as Judge Caverly seems to suppose, for ‘retribution and expiation,’ but to restrain other per- sons from committing murder. So- ciety looks to the courts for protec- tion. “Under the development of tech- nicalities and _sentimentalism, the courts are failing in their duty. In many cases they are making a joke of the la They are tender for the welfare of the criminals. They are not sollcitous for the welfare of so- clety. The Chicago judge has sent two wretched murderers to prison, from which they expect a pardon in a few vears. In doing this he has pro- tected the criminals; he has failed to protect society Seen Death Penalty Passing in Criminology. EBRASKA STATE JOURNAL-— “These boys are proved and confessed | degenerates. What asurance is there that a release from prison will not set them anew to the practice of their perversions? What assurance is *here prisoners will be rrotected from them? Our own be- lief is that the day of capital punish- ment is about ever. Like it or not. as we may, a society which a century ago could see 4 girl hanged for steal- ing a pocket handkerchief cannot be depended unon now to furnish juries willing to_kill a man for committing murder. The progress of science, the new knowledge of what passes for insanity is hastening this outcome The task now is to find a substitute for death, which will meet present sound criticism of the sentence for life.” Seex Bulk of Crime Excused jn Decinion. NEWARK NEWS—"Thé decision turns on the youth of the defendants, the judge citing that but two minors have ever been legally executed in Illinois, and declining to be the in- strument of adding to that number, these youths being 18 and 19 years old. A slight extension of that rea- soning beyond the mere legal age of manhood would excise the bulk of our modern crime, especially murder and robbery, with weapons. “The major fact remains unchanged that majority of Americans the machinery of justice in Illinols has once more operated to an end that comes close to accounting for the murder-ridden criminal record of Chicago and the recurrent blood letting of feudal Her- rin linked in a common barbarit Chicaxo Lawlessnens Explanation Is Seen. THE MILWAUKEE JOURNAL— “The sentence of Loeb and Leopold strikes another blow at the courts. Capital punishment is the law in Il- linois. No crime could be committed that calls for capital punishment if in the judgment of the great| this does not. The general public is going to ask, ‘What's the use? “The judge who has decided this says himself that no mitigation was shown. Al the closing plea of thc defense was, in fact, an expression of objection to capital punishment. But capital punishment was not on trial, it was the law and these young men knew the law when they took the life of Bobby Franks. “This is the sentence in lawless Chicago, in Chicago notorlous the world over for its lawlessness. It gives an insight into the reason of that lawlessness.” Declares Time Final Test of Court Ruling. MEMPHIS COMMERCIAL-APPEAL —"“Time will be the final test of the merit of the sentence against Loeb and Leopold. If they remain in prison all of their lives, all will be well. Our modern civilization with its weaken- ing social code, the neglect of youth by their parents and the purely ma- terial system of university education have much te do with the eharacter of such boys as the two wretches who were on trial in Chicago. “The old-fashioned moral eode is necessary in the training of children. When it is not enforced both boys and girls are lucky if they do not go to the dogs.” THE DENVER POST—“Judge John verly's decision rendered Wed- v morning, permitting Richard Loeb and Nathan F. Leopold, jr., to escape the gallows after having com- mitted and confessed to one of the most horrible, degenerate and pre- meditated crimes ever known, is a crime even greater than that com- mitted by Loeb and Leopold. “The Caverly decision makes the everyday man believe there are two sets of law, one for the rich and one for the poor, and it is just such de- cisions as this that encourago con- tempt and disregard for our laws and finally inflict mob rule upon our communities.” Primitive Reasoning Governed Court Is Claim. THE DALLAS NEWS—"The sen- cence itself spares the lives of two whose only commendation to mercy was that they were not fit to live or fit to die. In the primitive reason- ing of the court it was & question of what to do with them. The question of what to do for the little Chi- cagoans who run the risk of being slain hereafter gets slight concern. And yet, the real question is the pro- tection of society, not merely from subsequent murders by the defend- ants, but from the like from all of their class who may even now be meditating upon the possibilitics of improving on the technique of Leopold and Loeb. Hanging as reform is, of course, but irony. Hanging for re- venge is savagery. But hanging as a deterrent of the unhanged is a sov- ereign remedy than which no better has been found.” Seex Ruling ax Blow To Justice Administration. OHIO STATE JOURNAL—"Very much more than the lives of two mur- ders was involved in the decision of Judge Caverly. The future adminis- tration of criminal law will be af- fected by it, will be weakened, may be harmed greatly. Jt puts into legal administration as mitigation and de- fense a dubious science not complete or established. Strong supporters of the courts will find nothing in the decision that protects society, the in- terests of which should come first.” Points to Danger Of Boys’ Future Parole. THE HARTFORD COURANT— “Judge Caverly gives as his reason for his action the fact that he could not pronounce the death penalty upon a minor. That must bave been his situation when the trial began, and he could have saved the entire ex- pense and all the rotten revelations if he had simply said that that was his attitude. “The fact is that if those boys had been poor, without money to hire alienists and lawyers, a jury would have strung them up and the world would have been thankful that they | had quit it. Such creatures do not deserve to live. The penalty of life | imprisonment has ceased to be such. |1t is always possible, with money and | influence, and often by mere appeal to sentiment, to get paroles or par- | dons—but there is no bringing back | the life of the fellow who is hanged, |any more than there is of restoring |life to those whom the murderer has killed. Questions Wind: Not Sincerity ndge. THE ATLANTA CONSTITUTION— “If ever execution was justified, either as atonement for crime or as a deter- rent example, it was in this instance. BOY SLAYERS GOING TO PRISON IN AUTO UNDER HEAVY GUARD (Continued from First Page.) that kidnaping for ransom, for which the 99-year sentence was fixed, is not one of the four crimes for which the Tllinois statute fixes punishment of a definite number of vears and that the sentence éasily could be set aside. Judge Caverly made no mention of whether the sentences should run consecutively or concurrently, but the speculation had it that if concurrent- 1y not more than years would elapse before -the boys could apply for paroles, which, if cousecutively, 57 years must elapse. Loeb and Leopold slept soundly all night and had to be awakened by guards at breakfast time. “It's all over now; we just hope it doesn’t rain any more,” was all they had to say in response to queries by reporters who, along with the guards, had remained vigilant all night. “We hope we have a nice trip to the penitentiary,” the boys said, as they finished eating another large breskfast—even a larger order than they had - yesterday—consisting of a double order of bacon and eggs, three hard-boiled eggs, five pieces of 'toast, sliced peaches and coffee, The usual package of cigarettes accompanied the order from a lunchroom near the sail, ? Evidence Packed Away. Joseph Savage, assistant State's at- torney, today began packing up the exhibits introduced in evidence in the trial to be stored in a box in a vault permanently. Among the exhibits were the type- writer on which the kidnaping ran- som letter was written, a blanket and letters. Approximately 40 men claim a share in the $6,000 reward offered for the capture and conviotion of the slayers of Robert Franks. Chief of Police Collins today praised the police department in con- nection with the case, remarkini “It will be remembered that the offi- cers had nothing to serve as a defl- nite clue, save Leopold's glasses. 1 am proud of my men." The chief, who offered a reward of $1.000, while Jacob Franks, father of the slain boy, offered 35,000, together with Mr. Franks and Mayor Dever, it is_understood, will appoint a com- mittee to distribute the rewards. BOYS’” NOMBERS 9305, 9306. BSeparate Cells, Far Apart, Await Loeb and Leopold. By the Associated Press. JOLIET, T, September 1L—Two cells at the penitentiary here today - a awaited the arrival from Chicago of Nathan F. Leopold, jr, and Richard Loeb, expected during the day to be- gin life sentences for the slaying of Robert Frank Prison guards, without any word as to the time of arrival of the prisoners, waited all night in anticipation of their coming. Warden John L. Whit- man said today he was still without definite information as to the time of arrival, but that he expected to have custody of the boys before night. The cells the boys will occupy their first day are those to which all new prisoners are taken and are termed “solitary court, or detention quar- ters for incoming prisoners. Numbers to Be Given. When their automobile draws up to the prison they will be bustled through the entrance, and will be stopped before an iron gate. Inside. the record clerk will receive from the sheriff of Cook County the com- mitment papers, and will give to the sheriff a receipt. Guards then will conduct the boys through a second iron gate, across a court and into the prison photog- rapher’s office to be photographed in civilian attire. Here they will receive their prison numbers. Laeb and Leo- pold probably will receive 9305 and 9306. A bath, shave and haircut will follow. From the harber chair the boys will proceed to the identification expert for Bertillon measuremant and finger prints_and here they will Teceive their first prison suite—second-hand _shirts, trousers, shoes and stockings, used for the incoming prisoners. Kcpt in Separate Celin. Then will come ‘“court solitary.” where they will hie kept in separate cells their first night. Tomorrow. they will be assigned regular cells and work, will face the prison physician and psychiatrist for examination and will be given a lecture on prison rules. The warden said that the youths would not be confined in the same cell or even in the same section of the prison. They may see each other while marching or in mess halls, but prob- ably will not have an opportunity to converse for years. Cellmates wili not be awarded to the slayers at once, they being kept alone for a time. The youths will be assigned to manual labor at the beginning. de- spite their university educations, Warden Whitman indicated. Office work is reserved &3 a reward for good behavior. The prison conducts shoe shops, furniture shops, rattan shops, machine shops and a stone Quarry. The boys probably will not be as- sfEned Yo the sténe GUArry at the bew “Impressed by the fact that the prisoners are still minors, the good judge, whose sincerity is not doubted, yielded to the plea of mercy, while af the same time enjoining those charged with the responsibility of enforcing the life sentences to turn a dear ear to ary appeal for a modification of the verdict, ‘which, he says, ‘if ad- hered to, will satisfy the ends of jus- tice and safeguard the interests of soclety.” “Perhaps so, but it remains to be seen that the quality of mercy which moves this good judge will not so ex- pand as to overleap the bounds to which the court urges strict adher- ence. “If the public thought that a life sentence meant life service, in this or any other milar Instance, there would be a lessening of the demand for capital punishment. But. unfor- tunately, experience has taught that life sentence i= one thing and life service another.” Regrets Decision, Bows te Uourt's Action, NEW ORLEANS ITEM—"“The Item has persisted in the view that Judge John R, Caverly of Chicago would in- fiict a sentence of death on Leopold and Loeb in the notorious Chicago kidnaping and murder case, which has attracted the attention of the world, on behalf of soclety. We re- gret that the judge has handed down a verdict of life imprisonment. Ours must be a government of the law ad- ministered by judges or a govern- ment subject to the whims and pas- sions of the mob, and all of us must align ourselves either with or against constituted authority. So we bow our heads and submit to a verdict which we believe does society a terrible in- Justice, asking only for mercy upon the souls of those who may bave erred or sinned in the conclusions reached.” Congratulates Court On Decision in Case. THE COLUMBIA RECORD—"Score one for common sense enforcement of law, as distinguished from the frenzy of mob sentiment, two rich idle and erratic boys, 18 and 19 years old, and known as Nathan ¥. Leopold, jr., and Richard Loeb convicted of a gross murder by their own admiseions, have been legally shut out from a busy world for all time. “They could have been killed by law, posaibly, but murder by law is no less murder than when it is administered by an Individual. In ouropinion, they will pay the penalty of their out- rageous violation of law much more drastically under the sentence to prison than they would have pald it upon the gallows or in the electric chair. Society is protected and Judge John R. Caverly is to be congratu- lated upon his interpretation of the statutes and the sentiments of the public. Declares Decision Meets Law's Demand. BIRMINGHAM AGE - HERALD— “While public sentiment may suffer some disappointment at the verdict in the Leopold-Loeb case, yet a care- ful reading of the judge's opinion shows that he kept entirely within the law of Tilinois in his decision although it has been suggested that the testimony of the alienists was in- fluential in detracting from what might otherwise have been the death penalty, yet Justice Caverly himself explicitly stated that the testimony may be deserving of legislative but not of judicial consideration and that his decision was not affected thereby. “The court rests its opinion on the precedent that withholds the death penaity from minors in Iilinois and that metes out life imprisonment in cases where the plea of guilty is entered.” Admires Courage In Caverly Deeision. CHARLESTON GAZETTE—"What- ever the merits of the case Justice Caverly did a courageous thing in giving the Franks boy's slayers life imprisonment. He bases his verdict on the precedent that no minor who pleaded guilty has ever been hanged in lllinois. We are of the opinion that many things in_connection with this case will never be known to the public. It was a loathsome affair all around and if the two slayers are kept in confinement for the rest of their lives perhaps this is as good a settlement of the affair as any. Jus- tice Caverly had all the evidence In the case before him and doubtless had information of which the public is ignorant.” Believes Caverly Met Duty to Soclety. THE ELIZABETH DAILY JOURNAL ginning, as this is considered one of the preferred jobs because of the freedom attached, the warden indi- cated. May Win Privileges. All new prisoners are placed in grade C and after nine months may work into grade A, where they may be considered for some privileges. For practically a year, however, the youths will enjoy none of this. Prisoners must eat prison fare, the warden explained. They may buy tobacco, gum and candy, but the only time they may eat food prepared out- side is on visitors' day, once in two weeks. Leopold will have no opportunity to write books, the warden said. Once a week each prisoner may write one letter. They may receive unlim- ited mail, but all is censored. Books may be obtained from the prison Hbrary for limited time the boys Will have to Fead, and they may also secure newspapers by subscription for them, but will not have the satisfac- tion of reading about themselves, for this material is deleted. They may attend chapel on Sunday or stay away, as they prefer. A Prot- estant minister and a Catholic priest alternate in conducting the services but frequently a Jewish rabbi con- ducts the Sunday worship, attendance at which is optional. Most of the prisoners go. The only recreation in the old prison is a movie show each Saturday night. In a few months the boys, along with some 2,000 others, will be moved to the new building, now nearing .completion, and here provision has been made for outdoor sports. BOLIVIA YO ACCEPT BOUNDARY MEDIATION President. Accepts Offer to Settle Dispute With Para- guay. By the Associated Press. BUENOS AIRES, September 11— Argentina’s mediation in settlement of the long standing dispute between Paraguay and Bolivia regarding definite determination of the frontiex between the two countries is reported to have been accepted by President Saavedra of Bolivia after a confer- ence with Argentine Minister Carrillo. according to a dispatch to La Nacion from La Paz. F The question. which had been left in status quo in accordance with an agreement signed by the two coun- tries, was again brought into promi- nence recently in connection with re- ported incursions of Bolivian armed foroes into what the Paraguayans ‘| nola to. be Paraquaysn territory. —“There.is rio question that the de- cision of Judge Caverly is that of a man alone before God, with both judgment and conscienee fully recog- nizing his responsibility to soclety. The sentence, all the circumstances considered, will appeal to the public to be the most judicial disposition that could have been made in the cases of these murders.” Regards Semtesce As Worse Tham Death. THE ARKANSAS GAZETTE—"The sentence imposed by Judge Caverly on Leopold and Loeb will disappoint many people. The murder committed by these youths was atrocipus and they have committed other ecrimes. The fact that they are sons of wealthy fathers weighs heavily in the minds of many, who think the death penalty should have been im- posed. Death sentences would have served to re-establish faith in the blindness of justice and the equality of all before the law. As a matter of eer punishment, however, the life sentence is much worse than the death sentence. ““The thing that disturbs those who stand for law enforcement is the ever-present possibility that influence or something else will obtain a par- don and freedom for these murderers. But, despite that they have been sentenced to years of punishment and finally death behind prison walls, Judge Caverly's verdicts must be con- sidered a complete victory for the defendants.” ‘Would Put Protection of Society Upon Sciemce. THE TOPEKA CAPITAL—“If the psychiatrists who so strongly in- fluenced Judge Caverly convince the courts, it is up to the psychlatrists and the lawyers and legislatures to provide against such perils to society that lurk in hidden abnormal per- sonalities, including measures of pre- vention, for hanging Leopold and Loeb would have gof rid only of these two, and while the Franks case was unique in some respects, yet there are continual offenses running all the way from petty depredations to rape, kidnaping and murder, com- mitted by persons who not only ought fnot to be at large, but who ought never to have been born.” Declares Boys Fully Rewponaible for Acts. THE BISMARCK, N. D., TRIBUNE— “Whether the death is the penalty most feared by criminals; whether the death sentence acts to curb other murders, is a matter of debate. Most men experienced in criminology de- clare that it does. Quick and severe punishment is a protection for so- clety. Criminals must be held re- sponsible for their acts. Even though Loeb and Leopold were abnormal in almost_every sense, even to an ab- normally acute intelligence for boy: it would appear to the average citi- zen that they, if any persons, should be held fully responsible for a cruel, deliberate murder.” Deelares Justice End Met by Decision. ALBUQUERQUE MORNING JOUR- NAL—"“Society must geek and find the preventive for crime. A doctor does not prevent disease by applying a remedy. Therefore, medical science is bending all its energies toward the discovery of the cause of disease. 1f capital punishment s justified on the ground that it serves a deterrent of crime, taking the life of human defectives on the ground that it would prevent orime would be equally justifiable. The Loeb and Leopold boys are the victims of an environment created for them by the society to which they were related and that society—their relatives and friends—are paying the penalty as so- ciety always does. A murderer is a menace to society and the ends of law, which is designed to protect so- ciety, is met when the criminal is ostracized from his fellow men. Sees Decision Basned On Caverly’s Prejudice. THE DAILY OKLAHOMAN.—“It is interesting to note that the sentence rendered was based on the personal views and prejudices of the trial judge. He knew the law, he knew the evidence, and he bad no doubt that the defendants were guilty of murder beyond a reasonable doubt. But he refused to impose death sen- tence demanded by the laws of Illi- nois, simply because it is his personal opinion that minors should not be hanged. A judge devoid of this per- sonal bias would have sent the de- fendants to the gallows. In this case the personal opinion of the court be- came the law of Illinois.’ Less Than Justice, Afbraisal of Decision. NEW YORK HERALD-TRIBUNE— | he sentences imposed upon®.eopold and Loeb scem to the Herald-Tribune Inadequate justice, and we believe that most people will share our feel- ing. In imposing life imprisonment for the murder and a ninety-nine- vear penalty for the kidnaping the judge reminded the Illinois Depart- ment of Public Welfare that it was entirely within its discretion never to admit the defendants to parole. He urged the department to adhere to such a policy. But the workings of the parole power and the pardoning power can never be calculated in ad- vance, and the possibility will remain of their exercise later by officials who have lost to some extent today's hor- rified sense of the extreme atrocity and brutality of the deeds confessed to by these two heartless and soulless criminals. “The average mind digesting the testimony and arguments in this case could hardly have failed to reach the conclusion that the death penalty was in itself mild retribution for crimes of such enormity and such cold- blooded deliberation. The lesser sen- tences will in our opinion create an unfavorable and highly regrettable impression.” Hope Seen in Plea For Denial of Parole. THE NEW YORK WORLD-—“The burden that was put upon Judge Cav. erly in the Chicago murder case was more than one man ought to have to bear. He has decided that Loeb and Leo- pold shall be imprisoned for life, and he has emphasized the meaning of the sentence by imposing it in such a way that, as we understand it, parole could not even be applied for until 371 years have elapsed. If that is the fact, the justifiable popular fear of another Thaw case is fairly an- swered.” jole———lo[——lal——ol——jal—2lal——2alal———= al——_ lnl——00x0xlo|—— » P MEEKER RESIGNS POST. Pennsylvania State Secretary of Labor Announces Retirement. - HARRISBURG, Pa., September 11.— Dr. Royal K. Meeker, State secretary of labor since February 26, 1923, has presented his resignation to Gov.; Pinchot, it as announced at the gov. ernor's office today. The resignation becomes effective October 15, Dr. Meeker, before taking the State office, had been chief of the scientific division of the {nternational labor office of the League of Nations He previously had been active in labor and industrial matters for séveral years, having served as United States commiastoner of labor statistics from 1913 to 1939, by appointment of Presi- dent Wilsom, g Dissatisfied With Life Imprisonment for Loeb and Leopold, AMERI[:AN ENVOY WARNS FERRERA Failure to Meet- Mediation Terms Will Prevent Recognition, U. S. Says. By the Associated Press. SAN SALVADOR, Republic of Sal- vador, September 11.—Advices from Honduras say the American charge d'affaires, Stokeley W. Morgan, has informed the rebel leader, Gen. Gre- gorio Ferrera, that the holding of a peace conference is impossible as long as the rebels continue to ad- vance on the city of San Pedro, in Sula. The rebels do mot seem dis- posed to an immediate convention based upon loyal execution of the Amapala peace treaty, as they pro- fessed, Mr. Morgan is said to have added. The American envoy also said he had received word from Washington to the effect that, if no settlement was reached between the warring factions in Honduras, the American Government would feel compelled not to recognize any rebel governmept set up by Gen. Ferrera or to extend it any sympathy or moral support. In conclusion, he appealed to Gen. Fer- rera to come to terms and negotiate a permanent peace. Dispatches emanating from rebel sources deny that the insurrectionists have been defeated in three battlcs, as claimed in a Honduran government message from Tegucigalpa. The reb- els say the so-called battles were nothing but skirmishes between recon- noitering parties. THIRD CRUISER SAILS. U. S. S. Galvestod Goes to Hon- duras Under Rush Orders. PANAMA, September 11—The United States light cruiser Galveston has sailed for Honduras under rush orders. The cruisers Rochester and Tulsa are already there. The Galveston returned to the Canal Zone from Honduran waters only a few days ago. WHEELER iS PRAISED, BUT CHARGES DENIED Montana Democrats Declare Party Is in No Way Under Con- trol of Bankers. By the Associated Press. HELENA, Mont., September 11.— The State Democratic convention last night passed a resolution concerning Senator Burton K. Wheeler, Inde- pendent party nominee for the vice presidency. It follows “We deny the contention of the jun- jor Senator from Montana that the Demoeratic party is controled or in- fluenced by Wall Street, as evidenced either in the legislation enacted or sought to be enacted, or in the choice of its candidate for President of the United States. In both particulars the record affords refutation. “Notwithstanding that we deplore the defection of the junior Senator from what we conceive to be the cause of the people, to follow a hope- less quest, we take pride in his great service in exposing the appalling cor- ruption with which the Department of Justice was infected.” Resolutions denouncing alleged po- litical activities of the Ku Klux Kla were adopted Announcing Our Special Advance-of-the- Season Sale of About 300 of This Season’s Most Popular Models To Be Sold At— BRITSHPRYSICAN: - ORDERED DEPORTED Infatuation for New York Girl Said to Make Him" Undesirable in U. S. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, September 11.—Order- ed deported because his infatuation for a New York broker's daughter had, in the words of immigration of- ficers, “deprived him of the self-con- trol required by the conventions of modern society,” Dr. Willlam H. Mc- Cullagh, who was a lieutenant colo- nel in the British forces during the World War, is being held at Ellis Is- land. He will be given a hearing next Tuesday in habeas corpus pro- ceedings, which he instituted yester- day in an effort to avold deportation. In the petition for a writ of habeas corpus, the charges against the physi- clan were characterized as “frivolous and sham.” The girl {s Migs Fay Fur- beck, 19-year-old daughter of Rollin G. Furbeck, a member of a New York Stock Exchange firm. Threats Are Alleged. During the hearing on Ellis Islani after Dr. McCullagh's arrival last month from London, it now is reveal- ed, testimony was given of threats by the surgeon against Miss Fur- beck’s father, her brother-in-law, also a London surgeon, and others who might impede his suit for the g hand. The evidence given at this hearing convinced Commissioner of Immigra- tion Curran and the Department of Labor that the girl was not in love with the surgeon and that she had not induced him, as he alleged, to be- lieve she would marry him. Miss Furbeck met the doctor whils visiting her sister, the wife of other London surgeon. Mr. Furbeck said Dr. McCullagh's attentions cre- ated such a situation that Miss Fur- beck cut short her visit to England last April. Dr. McCullagh's petition said he had received the distinguished service order and the military eros and was a Fellow of the Royal Co lege of Surgeons. In an interview Mr. Furbeck said: “We have no animosity against Dr McCullagh, but he has been seized with this obsession, and for the sake of everybody's protection it was nec- essary to appeal to the authorities.” DONATES STOCK FARM TO WORLD VETERANS Michigan Man Gives Place to Be Used as Home for Ex- Soldiers. ! By the Associated Press. ATLANTIC CITY, N. J.. September 11.—A gift of the Grand River stock farms at Eaton Rapids, Mich., to the Veterans of Foreign Wars, to be used as a national home for members of the order and their dependents, by Corey J. Spencer was announced to- day at the national convention of the veterans here by Dr. Ciarence L. Candler, commander of the Depart- ment of Michigan The gift includes more than 472 acres of land and buildings valued at $100,000. Preparations have been made for an immediate transfer of the property. A great ovation was accorded Mr. Spencer, who is a mem- ber of Caldwell-Clark Post, at Jack- OVERCOATS $977.50 $35, $40 and $45 Values! Prices Guaran- teed Until Nov. 15th. Quality Guaranteed To Be ALL WOOL. Included in the large assortment are single and double- breasted box models, some with belted backs. A small deposit will hold your o at this special price! vercoat until November 15th— Sale starts at 8 a.m. Friday! Come early for best selections! Don’t Forget— —That we have onc of the city's largest and most comprehensive assortments of Mallory Hats, $5 and $6—Stetson Hats, $7 and $10 and | our own Herzog Special Hats at $4.