Evening Star Newspaper, September 5, 1924, Page 6

6 v THE EVENING STAR Y ith Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. [FRIDAY......September 5, 1924 fenE S s B e 2HECDORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor ‘The vening Star Newspaper Compauy £ysiness Office. 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. - York Ofice: 110 East 42nd St. icago OMfice: Tower Bullding. Oftice: 16 Kegent 8t.,Loadoo, England. The Bveaine Star. with the Sunday morning lédition. in delivered by carriers within the L eity af 60 cents per month: dally only, 40 .conts per monih: Sunday only. month, Ordeix may be sent phone Main 3 ‘ollection Tiers at the cad of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. : Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday.fl yr. $5.40:1 mo., 70¢ Luily or 17, $5.00; 1 mo., 50¢ Sunday only All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo, Dally only 3 $7.00; 1 mo., Sunday on! $3.00; 1 mo. Member of the Associated Press. The Aswocisted Press i exclusively entitled fo the ‘use for republication of all news dis- Patches credited o It or Dot otherwise credited i this paper and aléo the local news pub- Vshed ‘herein. Al rights of pubilication ef anecial diema‘ches berein are also reserved. Earopea; made by car- A Murderous “Business.” A week ago a Washington police- man was shct to death as he clung to the rear bumper of a motor car. He was evidently trying to halt the ma- chine. whose occupants were probably engaged in lawbreaking, presumably hootlegging. The car disappeared, and only the slightest clue was available for the Iidentification of the occupants. Diligent search by the police, despite the evident difficulties, resulted in the discovery of the car, which was marked bullet holes in the rear body, and the man who deposited it at 1he garage was thereby identified and is now under arrest. He bas a bad police record, being out at present on iail on a charge of rohbery. He is said to be known as a dealer in boot- liquor and to have frequently sted that he would shoot any one who tried to interfere witi his “busi- Search for other members of party is under way, and there is a prospect that all wiil be found, and that perhaps through the weakening and confession of some the crime will Dbe definitely fastened upon one per- son. This is an important case apart from the peculiar circumstances of the tragedy. If, as stated by the po- lice, the man now under arrest has heretofore vaunted his determination to shoot to kill if his bootlegging “business” should be interfered with it is time that an extreme example should be made. Rum running through the streets ©of Washington has been practiced to the point to where, as the keeper of the garage where the murder car was found frankly declares, machines with Lallet holes in them are often brought in for storage. Passing the point of why the appearance of this car was not reported to the police at once, in view of the fact that the news of the murder was immediately published, it is evident that bootleggers whose machines are hit by the bullets of po- lice pursuers have no hesitation about taking them to public storage places. A closer supervision over the public garages by the police would seem to be necessary. In this case the accused man was at liberty on bail under charge of rob- bery. The court had given him his freedom pending trial upon presenta- tion of a $2,000 bond. Such a bond is readily obtained from professional sources. Bootleggers who are arrest- ed are enabled by this means to gain their freedom and continue to ply their trade. The abuse of the bond privilege has reached the point of pub- lic menace. Scores of people are now at this time at liberty in Washington who_should be doing time for their of- fenses. If the Leisinger murder is solved it will be highly to the credit of the ‘Washington police. They were natural- 1v stimulated in their search by the fact that one of their own number had been slain. But apart from that fact, they showed the most commenda- ble zeal and skill in pursuing clues and scouring the city for traces of the motor: car and its occupants. The hope of the public is that this case ‘will be pressed to trial with no delay, and that speedily, if conviction is had, ‘execution of sentence will give en object lesson to lawbreakers who are engaged in the rum traffic that their “business” is hazardous in the last degree. ———— Each candidate is earnestly remind- ing voters that the coming election presents complications which call for especial caution, as there are two chances to guess wrong. Py ————— There is little disposition to deny _that Russia would be a prosperous end happy country today if her ‘ ‘politicians _had been as compétently trained as her artists —_————— The world is undoubtedly growing better, but the process of improve. ment is apparently calling for in. creasing industry on the part of the ‘ eountry's grand juries. Parking. ! The police state that all-dmy park- ing is discouraged by the $10 penalty. Ten dollars is not the trifiing uim it was in war days and early post- war days, when everybody wore a silk shirt and bought a dollar box of candy every few minutes. It will buy a dinner, or a small package of gro- ceries, or ten base ball tickets, or other necessaries of life. In some cases it will pay the garage rent for a month. It is believed that the charge of $10 for overtime parking is having more effect in relieving street congestion thar the most vigorous proclamation setting forth that allday parking is an evil which must be drastically dealt with in some way which will not disturb the all-day parker. All-day and overtime parkers give trouble to many thousands of tax- payers who also own cars and who want to do business downtown. All- day parkers are in the way of store- keepers, who pay taxes and rent and other charges with the expectation of selling goods. If non-buying pedestri- ans should block the entrance of & - _.piace of business all day, they would The all-day parkers clutter the streets, imflkc travel in machines and on foot | more dangerous and stimulate people ‘m say, “Goodness gracious, the street is not wide enough and the authori- ties ought to cut down the trees, cart away the parking, take wide slices off the sidewalks and spend a million dollars in making the improvement.” Great changes-come. A few years ago if a man hitched his horse and wagon to a tree box, or if the horse, without malice or other wrong intent, put his front feet on the sidewalk, or if he glanced covetously at the leaf of a tree or a green tuft of the park- ing. a crime would be committed. One of Maj. Richards' men, or one of Maj. Billy Moore s men, would take the owner of the horse into custody and Judge Snell would curtly say, “Five dollars or 15 days! Next case.” ‘The auto owner succeeds the horse and wagon owner, and he is per- plexed where to leave his car. Ie is asking Father Washington to lift his threecornered hat, bow low and say, “Sir Knight of the Clutch, if the trees, parking and sidewalk are in your way 1 will move 'em. It will cost only $100,000. Some foolish fel- lows want that money spent on a street that has no paving, but they can wait. My dear sir, if the sidewalk is in the w of your car we will take it up.’ o Alexander T. Stuart. Alexander T. Stuart, who died in this city this morning after a com- paratively brief illness, was the dean of the Washington public school sys- tem in point of vears of life and years of service. Ife passed at the age of 76, after 54 years spent in active school work. Rarely has so remarka- ble a record been made by any Amer- ican school teacher. A native of Washington, Mr. Stuart was likewise the product of the public school system, and he received h higher education in a local institution, Columbian College. He entered the public school service at the age of 22 and after cight years as teacher be- came supervising principal. In 1300 he was promoted to the superintend- ency, which office he held for six years, covering two terms. Then upon a reorganization of the school system under an act of Congress he relin- quished the superintendency, and for a year and a half served as assistant in charge of one of the divisions of the educational work. In an emer- gency caused by a resignation he was again summoned to the leadership, serving for three and a half years. And again at his own volition he took the less burdensome assignment as director of intermediate instruction, which position he held until death has finally. closed his long and valuable service in the local public education system. Throughout his many years of su- pervisorship, superintendency and directorship Mr. Stuart commanded the full confidence of the community and the affectionate loyalty of the teaching force of the District. A man of the gentlest spirit and the kindliest consideration for others, he at the same time had a broad educational vision and strove for the maintenance of the highest standards of teaching and school administration. It is said of him that his best contribution to the Washington schools has been his inspirational leadership of teachers and official associates. For many years past he has been the guide and adviser and friend of the teachers who have gone to him for advice, which was always sound. In Mr. Stuart the teachers of the public schools have lost a faithful friend and the schools themselves have lost a helpful, wise and devoted worker. ————— The customs officials continue to collect penalties from ladies returning from abroad who insist on trying to evade the duties on clothes. A great deal of smuggling goes on in wet goods, but the dry goods branch of the industry still demands attention. —————————— Their policy of isolation at least enables the Chinese to feel that they can conduct & series of fights among themselves without being held re- sponsible for starting a world war. ———————— ‘The only important “apathy” noted up to the present time has been lo- cated in the vicintty of Mr. McAdoo's temporary residence abroad. ——————— Now, and then a supposed lamb wanders into Wall street who turns out to be a wolf in sheep's clothing. e — “Two against one” is from time to T lican leaders that even Wisconsin | may vote for Coolidge will stir the La Vollette people to exceptional efforts to hold his stronghold for him. Election day is a little less than two months off. During these weeks much will be heard from the claim- ants. They will give persuasive fig- ures to justify their views. They will quote prominent leaders of localities to corroborate their statements. They will point to notable defections from the enemy. Meanwhile the people will be doing their own thinking, and on election day will do their own voting, and inasmuch as there are three par- ties in the field this year, and there- fore three sets of claimants, most of the forecasters will be proved to be wrong. oo Tree Salvage. As a result of the wind squall that swept over the city Tuesday after- noon many trees were broken, the limbs falling into the streets. This debris has been cleared away in the main to prevent the obstruction of travel and to lessen the chances of accidents, but numerous broken branches still hang in the trees, some live limbs and some dead ones. These branches are likely to fall at any time, in a slight gust of wind or by merely slipping from their present perches. They should be all removed without dela While this is being done the tree trimmers should carefully remove other dead and dying material from the trees. It is true that the force regularly available for tree care is not large enough, but the work is sufficiently important to warrant its extension by emergency assignments by the Commissioners. Care of the trees of Washington is incumbent upon the city. Many trees are lost because of lack of proper trimming and ‘“‘surgery.” Householders occasionally call atten- tion to trees that require such treat- ment. with the result of saving them from early destruction. It should not be left to the residents thus to move for tree salvage. The District should care for its own vigilantly and thor- oughly. —_— Radio is being studied by English inventors as a means of guiding winged bombs. The future listener may have to think twice before dis- missing obtrusive noises as “static.” ———— Advocates of freedom of speech have the unanimous support of an enlightened public. Yet they should not permit themselves to forget that listeners also have some rights. ——————————— The idea favored by William Jen- nings Bryan of dooming the Ku Klux Klan to merciless oblivion was a good one, but it has to be worked out more slowly than was anticipated. —————— A race horse is a highly intelligent and sensitive animal, possibly at a disadvantage when suffering from a touch of homesickness. ——————— ‘While President Coolidge was pitch- ing hay the La Follette managers arranged a demonstration with the straw vote, ‘While not posing as any fashion leader, Mrs. Ferguson is influentially on record as opposing gowns for men. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The New Silver Dollar. Roll on, Silver Dollar! Once more you'll be coined. To our burden of money your weight will be joined. ' Our nickels, our quarters, coppers, our dimes, Our half dollars, too, sound melodious chimes . When the car gives a lurch as our fares we would pay And scatters the lot of tiem every which way, Remind us, at least, that you are not a bluff, But are made of the genuine, tangible stuff. Roll on, Silver Dollar! We know you are good, ‘While paper may often be misunder- stood. It may be too easy to show now and then Great values by strokes of the press or the pen. Roll on, Silver Dollar! Keep rolling this way! . Let your jingle mark time for our chorus so gay; time regarded as fair enough in the|For a nation is blest who'a currency present campaign. — e The Guessers. Somebody is wrong. Somebody is far astray in political guessing or pre- dicting, or whatever it may be called at this stage of the campaign. Some- body is either spoofing the campaign managers or else is spoofed himself. Here is Vance McCormick, former chairman of the national Democratic committee, telling Chairman Shaver, in print at least, that there is really a very good chance for Davis to carry Pennsylvania. Then people are going to Chairman Butler of the Republican committee with assurances that West- ern States that have heretofore been counted as probably favorable to La Follette will surely turn in electoral votes for Coolidge. Chairman Shaver himself announces that La Follette is going to draw off enough Republicans in the West to win 70 electoral votes, which, he avers, will surely elect Davis. Both sides are claiming Maine, which votes next week for State of- fices. This is @ familiar phenomenon. Everybody does it every four years. Claims are the chief item of the cam-, paign work. If managers and sub- managers and fleld workers and scouts did not make claims the *psychology” of politics would be ut- ‘terly neglected. Of course, every claim hag two reactions. One to en- courage the favored side and one to stimulate the menaced side. For in- stance, the claim of ex-Chairman McCormick that there is a Davis pros- pect in Pennsylvania will stimulate Republican workers to ward off-such a possibility as a Democratic victory there. Again, the claims of Repub- finds That weighs in our pockets but not on our minds. Agricultural Finance. “Are you in favor of making it easier for the farmer to borrow money?” “Yes,” answered Senator Sorghum. “That can readily be arranged.' The hard part of the proposition is mak- ing it easier for him to pay it back.” Jud Tunkins says the market is all mixed up, with corn sellin’ for seven- fifty a barrel and eight dollars a quart. Simple Enough. The city map will meet a simple test When all the regulations are com- plete; Each thoroughfare will lead them to afrest X And be for motorists a one-way street. Abreast of the Time. “Has Crimson Guich any horse thieves?” sy “Horse thieves!” echoed Cactus Joe scornfully. *“We've gone 'Wway past horses, and automobiles, too. We've got a feller that don’t steal nothin’ but airplanes.” Those Wise Words. ‘We often read a few things From the consequential elf ‘Who tells us how to do things That he cannot do himself. " sald Uncle Eben, “but she has sure worked slow teachin’ me how to pick race horses.” Answers to Questions BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. Does the air from an electric fan blowing on a thermometer affect the mercury to an appreciable ex- tent? 1If so, does it rise or fall?— J. F. B. A. The Bureau of Standards says that, as a rule, alr from an electric fan blowing on a thermometer will have no essential effect on the mer- cury. If a very sensitive ther- mometer is placed in front of a fan it may, however, cause a slight rise in temperature inasmuch as the air which passes by the motor becomes slightly heated. Q. What_countries form Czecho- slovakia?—R. T. A. The republic was made from remnants of the old Austro-Hunga- rian Empire. It cousists of Bohemi: Moravia, Slovakia, Silesia and Ruthe- nia. It has an area of 54,241 square miles and a population of about 13,600,000. Q. Of the number of applicants for| patents, how many receive patents? —A. 5. E. A. In 1923 ceived 102, trademar! Q. win the Patent Office re- 273 applications for patents, , etc., and granted 39,004, Strongheart worl ?—W. B. s super-intelligent police dog is a “one man dog” and performs only for his master. Q. How many trips did the Levia- | than make during the war, and how | 2 A. B.| many has she made since?—W. A. The War Departinent says that | the Leviathan made 19 round trips during the recent war. She began | her first trip December 15, 1917. The first trip made by the Leviathan| after she was re-conditioned, after the World War, was Mmade July 4, 1923. She made a total of eight re- turn trips in 1923. She was laid u from December 3, 1923, until April 1 1924, on which date her first voyage this year was made. She is now on her sixth vovage, making a total of 14 round trips since the World War. Q. Is the White Minorca a sport from the mating of Black Minorcas? —T. M. - A They are claimed to be sports trom mating Black Minorcas. By the term “sport™ is meant the springing {nto existence of individuals entirely different from the ancestors, and, of | course, very much out of line from what is naturally expected from the ancestors, like a white chicken from black ancestors. Q. What is_the State flower of Massachusetts>—P. N. H. A. The flower chosen by the legis- lature of Massachusetts is the may- flower. Q. What per cent of the population of New York City is Jewish?—S. C. W. A. New York has more Jews than any other city, having a total of 1.- 643.000 and forming 29 per cent of the total population Q. Into what kind of a solution must hardwood be put so as to make it flexible enough to bend?—E. D. F. A. The Forest Service says that ir bending wood the Steam process is best. Wood that is used for this pur- | pose is usually hickory and ash. A straight piece of the wood is steamed thoroughly in lyed steam, then bent| over any kind of shape to suit the | purpose and clamped down until it| is dried. | Q. Is the creator of the “Brownies” still living.—M. E. S, A. Palmer Cox, who created these delightful folks more than 40 years ago, has died recently. Artist Cox was 84 years old, was a bachelor to the end, living in the Brownie Castle, which he built on the edge of Granby, his native town, in Quebec. The rooms of the castle are decorated with Brownies and on the tower is a fat little Brownie standing guard and acting as a weather vane. Q. Is it necessary to have a permit to buy or sell wild geese or other migratory water fowl for propagat- ing purposes?—M. W. F. A. It is unlawful to possess, buy. sell or transport wild geese, wild ducks, etc., for propagating purposes without permit from the United States Department of Agriculture. In many States both State and Federal permits are necessary. Q. Do the same horses run at Sara- toga and Churchill Downs?—M. F. A. Many of the same horses run at the Churchill Downs tracks as dt Sara- toga. On an average the purses at Saratoga are larger, although the Ken- tucky Derby, at Churchill Downs, has | the largest purse of any individual race in this country. Q. How long do eagles live?—J. H. A. The Blological Survey says that some species of eagles have been known to live 100 years. From records kept by the zoological Societies of London It is shown that specimens in captivity lived to be 42, 46 and 55 years of age. Q. How many Roman Catholics are there in Congress?—T. D. A. A. There are 46 members of the Sixty-eighth Congress who are Roman Catholics. Q. What is meant by the “adrenalin type” of person?—W. V. A. There are certain men and wom- en who surprise others by their power apparently to endure .and perform beyond the ordinary capacity. Scien- tista are of the opinion that tnese people are able to draw stored energy from certain glands, and they are suffi- ciently numerous to constitute a type to which the name “adrenalin type” has been given. Q. Where is the largest gold mine in North America?—F. N. A. The Hollinger Mine, in the Por- cupine district of Ontario, IS the larg- est gold mine in America. The Home- stake Gold Mine, at Lead, South Da- kota, is the largest gold mine in the United States. Q. Where were the traffic towers tried out in New York City?—P. P. M. A. The test of the towers advocated by Dr. J. F. Harris took place at Times Square January 5, 1922. Towers were installed February 5 of the same year. Q. What is the old couplet about, “the longest day and the shortest night"*—L. O. A. One such rhyme {is “Barnaby bright, Barnaby bright, the longest day and the shortest night; Lucy light, Lucy light, the shortest day and the (longest night.” Before the change in the calendar the longest day of the year was mear June 11, St. Barnabas’ day, while the shortest was near De- cember 13, St. Lucy’s day. Q. By what race was Great Britain first inhabited’—H. W. R. A. Geologists are not yet agreed ‘when and by whom Britain was first peopled. Real knowledge began with the two Celtic invasions, that of the Goidels, in the latter part of the bronze age, and that of the Brythons and Belgae in the iron age. By the time of Julius Caesar all the inhabit- ants of Britain, except perhaps some tribes in the north, were Celts in speech and customs. Q. Which city has the larger police force. New York or London?—B. & S. A. The London police force 1s con- siderably larger. It consists of more than 20,000 men and women, while New York has about 13,000. Q. What are the duties of the Sec- retary of War?—IL O. A. A The duties of the Secretary of War include the supervision jof the organization of the Army of the United. States and our insular pos- sessions, the handling "of matters relative to appropriations needed for . HE EV'EmG STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1924 —_— e S B, AR, . U, YRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 9,7 1953 IN TODAY’S SPOTLIGHT BY PAUL V. COLLINS. ® Active work in laying the first sub- marine cable between the United States and Italy began last Tuesday. This is the first direct connection this country has ever had with southern Europe, and it is the first submarine cable to be furnished with rermalloy as a casing about the cop- per cable, by which the cable mag- netism and demagnetism are greatly Increased, and {ts carrying capacity in telegraphic servce is enhanced five or six times that of any of the old cables. * * X % Tt will be recalled that during the war this country had occasion to make ttrong diplomatic protest io Great Britain over the delays in transmitting even the most important state messages over the cable lines passing through England to the Europcan continent. Some such de- lays cited by our State Department amounted to five or six days en route. Making due allowance for the extra- ordinary glutting of the cables by war conditions, there is still a chronic condition of overcrowding of existing cables. This ‘glutting is not due to slow- ness of the operators, for the actual sending of a message Is not done by hand, as in the case of sending a tele- gram from a small country station, but is ticked off by an automatic ma- chine. The limit of capacity depends upon the quickness with which the cable can be cleared of its residual | magnetism after each letter or other “tick,” for all this dual magne- tism must be “drained out of the | wire” after cach letter before another letter can be sent. Permalloy, which consists of « mixture of 80 per cent nickel and 20 per cent iron, was discovered within the last two or three years by Dr. H. D. Arnold and G. W. Glenn of the Engineering Foundation, who found that this alloy, properly made, had the greatest sensitiveness to mag- netizing and demagnetizing of any known metal. The new cable with the permalloy casing will be able to carry 1,500 lat. ters per minute, which will mean that at lcast six automatic sending ma- chines will be required to keep it up to capacity. That will amount to more words than the most rapid-fire orator uses, or than the most expert stenographer can record. * ¥ % ¥ The Morse dot and dash system i not used in cabling. When a mes- sage is prepared for sending it is written on what looks like a type- writer keyboard, which operates a system of perforating needles, in place of type and ribbon. These neodles punch little holes into a rib- bon of tough paper in sets and com- binations which represent letters. As many operators as are needed may thus be employed in transcribing messages to the paper bands Then the bands with their perforations are run through another machine equipped with similar needles, which however connect with the electric current of the cable. The needles fall into the perforations of the pa- per ribbon, thereby closing or open- ing the circuit of electricity at the receiving station across the ocean, which controls the movements of a glass siphon needle or pen, through which a fluid ink is flowing. This “pen” automatically writes a wavy line upon a paper ribbon—making a continuous record of hills and hol- lows, whose every undulation or set of undulations, above or below a neu- tral center has the significance of a letter. * k% % It has been popularly supposed that the invention of the radio method of long-distance communica- tion would make costly ocean cables no longer needed, but this idea is proven erroneous by the necessity of secrecy in most messages. whether political or commercial. Radio broad- casting obviously is useless for what is meant for the information of but one confidant. Even the cable or talegraphic messages-are now nearly all in cipher when they are of com- mercial or political importance. While cipher might hide the meaning of messages broadcast by radio the added secrecy of direct and ex- clusive transmission is still impor- tant, for no cipher is proof against discovery and interpretation. A single message which had been interpreted from cipher might fall into the hands of a &py and become a veritable Rosetta stone, as key to the entire cipher system, betraying all other mesages in that cipher. The introduction of radio hroadcasting, therefore, scarcely reduces the bur- den of the cables in proportion to its increase of tendencies of trans- oceanic communication. The introduc- tion of the sewing machine was ex- pected to deprive the hand seamstress of her occupation, because it cquld sew a seam €0 much more rapidly than could be done by hand. The in- vention of the linotype was feared by typesetters. But the sewing ma- chine and linotype only increased the demand for such work s had been supplied theretofore by hand, and bettered the condition of the seam- stress and the typesetter. So it is now believed the intercommunication through the broadcasting radio will enhance the business of the cables * K K Two new cables are planned by the | | Western Union, to connect New York and Germany, and supply ail of northern Europe, as thix one to Italy will reach all southern Europe. These three direct lines will eliminats don connections, except for British business. Direct conections with the Netherlands has been made by tie Western Union and Commercial Cable Companies within the last two years—though without the new per- malloy improvement upon the cables, which is of more recent discovery. No {mprovement of facilities be- tween America and the Far East is in sight, in view of the political con- ditions across the Pacific, which make it difficult to arrange for land- ings, and operating licenses. The vo ume of our trade with South Amer ca does not yet justity further ex tensions of cables, but it is that developments within the next few years will do so, especially so far as Venczuela and the Guianas, together with the West Indies. e It is well within the memory of men still living when the first project of Cyrus W. Field to span the A tic with a telegraph wire laid in wa- ter more than two miles deep was viewed as chimerical. Persistence and faith succeeded after almost heartrending _ disappointments. On March 10, 1854, the first submarine message, “Peace on earth, good will to man,” was flashed across the At- lantic. Tt was belicved then, as it is still held true, that the more men communicate with each other, the better they know each other, the less will thew be inclined to hate. Wars will cease when men know the real thoughts of others. Hence whatever aids in intercommunication, aids to- ward peace. At the twenty-fifth anniversary (1879) of the laying of the first cable the event was celebrated as a “silver wedding” of the hemispheres. Mr. Field called upon his pastor, Rev. Dr. Adams of Boston, to speak, and Dr. Adams referred to the fact that he had been pastor of both the inventor of the telegraph, Prof. Morse, and the layer of the first ocean cable. Al- though the system was then but 2 years old, already there were 70,000 miles of submarine cables engirdling the earth. (Copyright, 192 by Pavl V. Collin: Nation-Wide Movement to Get Out the Popular Vote “Peacetime _slackers”—that is what the Buffalo Evening News calls the 51 per cent of the eligible voters of the United States who did not help decide the presidential election of 1920. Because these 25,000,000 non-voters constitute “a peril of the gravest na- ture,” in the words of the Long Beach Press, newspapers have enlisted in a nation-wide campaign to bring out the vote in 1924, The “Get-Out-the-Vote Club,” or- ganized recently in Washington, found that but 26,674,000 persons voted in the last presidential election, although there were no less than 54,420,000 qualified voters. Native-born _Ameri- cans appeared to be the worst offenders. “Concerted drives already are under way to bring to the attention of voters the necessity of indicating thelr pref- erence at the polls, unless American democracy is to become the laughing stock of the world. Rule by a major- ity; fundamental as a principle of democracy, cannot be brought about as long as elections are won by an active minority because the majority neglects to vote,” the Rochester Herald declares. “Abstention from voting is failure not only in one’s duty to him- self, but to the general public as well,” maintains the Wheeling Intelligencer and “democracy itself is certain to fail unless the Democrats honor it with their interested presence.” * % ¥ X Now, “unless the present plans fail, an unusualy effective drive is to be made to bring the ‘vote slackers’ to the polls,” the Chicago Daily News be- lieves, And “this is well,” for, as the New York Herald-Tribune reminds us, “with three tickets in the fleld” there is “the possibility of the election's being thrown into Congress through the lethargy of mnonm-voters, who, if they used their franchise, would give a_sound majority to the leading can- the different branches of the Army, the survey of conditions in our mili- tary forces and comparisons with the military forces of other countries and various similar duties. Q. What does radium look like?— K. D. A. The Geological Survey says that radium is ordinarily obtained from its ores in the form of hydrous sulphate, chloride or bromide, and it is in the form of these salts that, it is usually sold and used. These are all white or nearly white substances, whose ap- pearance is quite similar to common salt or baking powders. Q. What will remove the yellow stain of clgarettes from fingers?— V. G. J. A. Lemon juice is the simplest thing to use on fingers stained from smok- ing cigarettes. Q. Was Mother Goose Mrs. Goose?—L. J. P. A. 1t is not known for certain that Mother Goose was a real character. It is supposed that possibly the name is derived from Queen Goosefoot, or Berthe au Grand Pled, mother of Charlemagne. The queen Was & spe- cial patron for children. % (The Star invites its readers to use this information service freely. Am extensive organization is maintained to serve you in any capacity that relates to information. Failure to wuse the service deprives you of benafits to which vou are catitled. Your obligation ie oniy a 2-cent stamyp, inclos your quiry for direct reply. Addresss The Star_ information Bureau, Frederio J. Haakin, Director,. Twenty-first and © name really didate.” Beyond all that, “slackers on election day are potent auxiliaries of dangerous radicalism,” maintains the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin. But the most vital reason why citizens should vote, in the opinion of the Salt Lake Deseret News, is that ‘“when public officers know that the people are vitally interested in civic affairs, then there is a greater urge than otherwice to discharge faithfully and well the trust reposed in them.” Moreover, as the Atlanta Constitution asserts, “those who attempt to ignore the duty of cit- izenship—leave public affairs for others to look after—have only themselves to blame if things go wron, * K ok ok There are many ways of bringing out the vote. Mrs. O. J. Hammel, president of a New Jersey branch of the League of Women Voters, de- clares that “every person who fails to vote should be fined $100,” the Indianapolis Star points out. “The fact that 60 per ocent of women of voting age do not vote seems to show an indifference to the privilege in strange contrast to the impassioned and prolonged struggle to get the franchise,” the paper _continues “There is no doubt” the Omaha ‘World-Herald admita, that “a great deal that is wrong with ourdiovern- ment is due to the indifference of the average person to his right to par- ticipate in that Government,” but “the merc compeling him to cxercise that right isn't likely to help mat- ters in the least,” for “the voter who goes to the polls to save himself from a fine, flins a coin and votes accordingly, might just about as well have st d at home.” It is true, the New York World feels sure, that “the majority of citizens of voting age, who fail to exercise their right of suffrage, are found lacking in infor- mation concerning issues and candi- dates,” and, “knowing little about what was going on, they could only confuse the result by casting random ballots,” of which “too many are cast as it is.” The Louisville Post finds “a better suggestion made in the Northwest, whereby those who present a certifi- cate showing that they have voted receive at the December period of paying taxes a slight rebate.” * kK K “There were enough stay-at-homes | in the last presidential election to have made a new political party and defeated the successful ticket by more than 7,000,000 majority that it had and still Teft about 5,000,000 stay- at-homes sitting around the house, ‘the Manchester Leader recalls. But the Philadelphia Public Ledger sees the calamity of that in the fact that “the great mass of those who stay away from the polls on election days are people who are independent of party _discipline, and who, if they could be aroused from their indiffer- once and sloth, would be found sup- porting good candidates for public office and an honest and efficient ad- ministration of public affairs.” ‘Why do people not vote? The Sa- vannah Morning News finds “the sim- ple reason for so many failures to do civic duty in taking part in elections is that they are not interested. Yet this is not absolutely true,” the paper continues, for “the people are tre- mendously interested and haven't recognized it; their interest is ex- pressive enough when government rubs this great element the wrong way." The poorest explanations, and among the most common, for not vot- ing, according to. the Springfield Union, “come from those who say they intended to vote, but failed to get around to it, and those who thought that .one vote counts - for nothing.” Lon- | hoped | THIS AND THAT BY E. TRACEWELL. The blessed morn bas come again; The eariy gray at the sumherer's window pane nd seems to say: break from the enchanter's chain. Dawn in Estey alley comes on so slowly, so gradualiy, it seems as if a celestial “listener-in” were tuning a radio receiving set, his hands care- fully revolving the dials to get a desired station. As the far.oft fingers cresp the great dial of heaven and earth around over the face of creation, a balance is attained between transmitting sta- tion and receiver, resulting in earth being “in tune” with heaven. when dawn comes on in Estey alley, changing dim and shadowy back vards into things of green, pink and g0ld, causing houses to stand out where merc masses were before, and windows to show up with their little panes and waving curtains. Slow buds the pink dawn like a rose From out night's gray and cloudy sheath; Softly and still it grows and grows, Petal by petal, leaf by leaf. The first person to wake in Estey alley was a baby. Now some folks do not look upon babies as “persons Some there be, and sensible ones, too, who declare that a baby Is not a being until it can talk and human walk. But the first baby to wake in Estey alle charming spot in the valley pitch dark yet, the starts to laugh and crow. He | is over there across the alley some place, in one of those upper rooms with the three windows side by side. He chortles to himself, his voice sounding gigantic in the calm that spreads over the alley and homes. This is a different sort of baby, evidently, than the average child, the type used by Tennyson en he spoke of “an infant crying in the night.” | 1t is night, but this Estey alley = laughing. All by himself, he laughing. He is g0o-gooing to imself. mirthful without reason, for he needs none. He is in close touch with infinite things. Perhaps he re- members the place from whence he so recently came, where he was safe, with no worries and cares. It was there. is afraid of the dark?” this seems to Wondertul, dif- baby! * ok * * Night's eandles are burnt out. and jocund day Stands tiptoc on the misty mountain top. | | - A milkman, friend of babies and !mf‘n. comes down the alley with a wire basket filled with bottles. His wagon is down at the other end. 1 wonder why any man takes up the job of milkman: but what would we do without them? That mighty American dish, breakfast food, would be di leaves fresh milk on our doorstep. Whatever the weather, the milk- ! ' man comes along as regularly [dmrn itself. Pride of occupation | here, too. In snowy weather the milk- man is proud to pus his wagon through the drifts. His job is to put the proper order on the proper steps. Whether it rain or snow, hail or sleet, or is fair and clear, the milk must be delivered. Among the everyvday work- ers in a great city much must be said for the milkman. * % X X ‘The Sommer mnn‘; " br(xrv:t and fresh, That sweeps the cool, clear sky. The ky may be cool up there where the poet has placed his birds, but down here in the alley only a fitful breeze blows. It is not hot, however. The cool of morning is one of the delightful things that all can enjoy, whether poor man or rich man. Even in the hottest and stuffiest place it is cooler at 6 a.m. than at any Other time of the day. Here in Estey alley it is necessary to pull up more covering. Who would turn over to snooze again, however, when the spectacle of the dawn is just outside the window? Gradually the gray lifts. The laughing baby is auiet. Qnly the chirp, chirp of birds and the cease- Jess drone of busy insects are to be heard. The last clank and clipk of the milkman's bottles has vanished. Rosy light flushes hte east, (':-_zsl- ing a reflection on the western hills, with their giant trees standing so brave against the sky. Those trees were there when George Washington first saw these hills. So came morn- ing on in his day. So it will come on in days to come, when we are gone where Washington is. * X ¥ X But look, the morn in russet mantle clad, Walks o'ér the dew of yon high eastern hill. Slowly ey alley wakes. Sam Jones, who has to get to work early, is bustling around getting into his clothes, while his good wife is down in the kitchen. Soon Sam will disappear from the window, where he, too, has been en- joying the dawn, with its coolness. After ecating his breakfast, he will sally forth to get the car out of the garage. Slam! Bang! Tin garage doors make an outrageous racket so early in the morning. Some day, when the good propaganda for quiet in a city takes effect, garage makers will sell automobile Stables with rubber pad- ded doors. Then a man will be able to take out his car in the wee small hours—why small?—without making strong men moan in their sleep. Sam Jones rolls triumphantly away to work. * %k kX Capt. Kidd, his black tail held aloft, slinks westward along the alley, his white body almost the color of concrete. This tramp cat lives no- body nows where, but nightly he comes to make life miserable for the well bred cats of Estey alley. Now he is going home. The butterflles have begun to make gay with the zinnia blossoms, while bees have spotted the asters, just bursting into bloom. “Here is a feast, fellows,” the bees hum. Catbirds squawk, driving Tom to frantic rage, as he sits snugly behind the screen door. Inside the houses occupants are waking now, getting up, washing their faces, eating breakfast. Ah, when will some one rise ot sing the glories of the simple act of washing one's face in the morning! Approached rightly, the matin ablutions may be made a luxury that would have shamed the supposedly luxurious Romans, at the same time be as innocent as a baby's bath. It is a good thing to take out one’s taste for luxuries on the necessary things of life. By doing so he gets it out of his system. _Tune up, at dawning, by indulging in a face wash that the gods might envy. Extend it to the whole sur- face, the entire periphery, as it were, and so much the better. Then one may go down to break- fast in a pleasant frame of mind, glowing externally and internally with the rosy hue of the dawn, such a dawn as_greeted early risers in Estey alley. | tnctly a person. He—or she rning was doing mote than | thousands of grown-ups do. | Whatever may he the reason for it.| | the average person. old or young, | wakes up with a grouch. Not until he has had his breakfast does he { thrill up to the cheer of the new day. | Not so this baby universal | for the visits of the milkman, who | as| At least, that is the feeling one has | o of | i | stinctly impossible were it not|{quireme GLBERT FACNG HERGULEAN TASK Transfer of Billions of Gold Marks Viewed Pessimis- tically by Bankers. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Seymour Parket bert, jr., the youns American permarnent ~agent general of reparation payme 3 faced by a problem supreme aboy aii ther tasks that await him. That problem is how to transfer out of Germany into the hands of the allied governments the billions of goid marks Germany has to pay under the Dawes plan. This writer is informed in an exceptionally high quarter that international bankers already seri ously question the practical possi- bility of such transfers without uy tting the 1 s exchange markets of Europe. s The more mistic a thorities b e that this danger wi soon become %0 acute that radt remedial measures may be required unless the basic arrangements by the Dawes plan are to g0 b fixed board. If Mr. Gilbert | youngest financier ev Erapple with a problem so i since Alexander Hanilion put b finances of the budding American re public on their fect, can ket the lies' money out of Berlin withe wrecking the European exchir uation, he will, experts declare miraclesworker. Pexsimism Is Voiced. In the same quarters in wh ominous things are being dis the prediction entured that inter allied debts, as well as the $10.000.- 000.000 due the United States Treasury from allied Europe, wil never be collectible for the same rea son. That is to say, if the countrics that owe Uncle Sam were ever ablo to pay off any considerable parts of the debt, the ‘operation would havoc with international exchan an extent that would be devastating, not only for the debtors, but for the creditor United States as we 1t has already been suggested American experts conspicuous nected with the Dawes report the German reparation me cut, it might one day become ti model for another “Dawes plan” fo payment of Europe's debt to Americ: The basic idea, now to undergo tria at Berlin, is that the allied countries instead of sending gold to America in payment of their obligations would pay it into liquidation banks estab- lished for the purpose at their own capitals, on the lines of the “Bank of Issue,” in which reparation payments are held on deposit in Berlin. In Europe it has been recognized ever since the termination of the Lon don conference, that the transfer of reparation payments is the crux of the whole vast experiment upon which Germany and the allies have now entered. To surmount that prob- lem is Mr. Gilbert’s paramount re- All reparation payments rmans are to be deposit Bank of Issue” to his cred The use and withdrawal of the moneys so deposited will be controlled b committee consisting of Mr. and five persons skilled in matters relating to foreign exchange and finance, representing five of the allied and associated powers. Gates W. Mc- Garrah, ew York banker, will be Mr. Gilbert's American coadjutor on the committee. May Expropriate Funds. It would, of course, lie in the in- terests of Germany to frustrate the payment of huge indemnitics by pre- venting transfers of reparation funds. The Dawes plan categorically contem- , as the result concerted _financial maneuvers either by the German government or by any group in Germany. If such maneuvers take place, the transfer committee is entitied to employ tho sums to its credit in the purchase of any kind of property in Germany. This in effect empowers Mr. Gilbert and his associates to expropriate Ger- man property. The transfer committee will regu- late the execution of reparation pay- ments, both in cash and in kind, in such a manner as to make foreign ex- change difficulties as slight as pos- sible But that these difficulties soon- er or later will arise either through natural causes or by malevolent de- sign in Germany is being quietly fore- shadowed by certain American bank- ing interests. If Mr. Gilbert can steer clear of the exchange rocks in the business of transferring German pay - ments, he will have accomplished tho overwhelmingly biggest job assigned him, A writer of high repute in the New Statesman of London says' “The central point of the Dawes plan, tho provision of capital importance which stands out stark and staring, is that the onus for the transference of German payments no longer lies upon Germany, but on the allies. In the event of fallure, it would be the al- leis who, in all probability, will be in flagrant default, not Germany. It is stipulated that if there is danger of international currency flucuations by an attempt at transferrence, Ger- work by the in the ow many shall not be obliged to continuo * useless payments. The French, at least, are not convinced that a break- down, either by German deliberato maneuvers, or by the working of economic laws, can be avoided.” (Copyright, 1924.) ———— Scientific Opinions For Hire in Court It is a mistake to expect too much from the alienist. He is a good deal like a lawyer. He is paid to make the most of one side of an argument, and that is all there is to it The public long since, if it ever did, has ceased to expect an attorney to admit anything favorable to the other side, unless he must. That isn't the way cases are tried. The public, however, finds it difficult to overcome the idea that the alien- ist is a scientific man ardently seek- ing the exact truth. But this is not the situation. When he enters a courtroom he is no longer a scientific investigator. His passion for truth is warped by a desire to win and to give value for money received. He is selling his ablllties at a stated rate. ) The lawyer who defends a murderer, may appreciate well enough that his client deserves to be hung, vet it is his duty to make every proper de- fense of the accused. That is about the situation with tho alienist. He makes the most of ths crazy words and acts that any per- son can dig up in his past, and soi- emnly points to them as criteria of a diseased mentality. He refers to lats discoveries or theories as tho lawyer does to the latest decision by the Court of Appeals. And then an allenist on the other side of the case goes upon the witness stand and presents the other side of the psychological problem. Inasmuch as the scientific study of the mind is scarcely a half century old, it hasn't been nailed down to the fine points and exactness of the ancient study of astronomy. There 15 a lot of room for argument. So they gravely express their “sci- entific” opinions, go home, wash their mouths out and .wonder what the members of the Acade; of Science think of them.—Elmira Btar-Gazette, Al fi bothommm.wmmTr.