Evening Star Newspaper, July 27, 1924, Page 32

{THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY..........July 27, 1924 THEODORE W. NOYES. . . . Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t. Chicago Office: Tower Building. European Office: 16 Regent St., London, England. The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning edition, is delivered by carriers within the city 60 cents per month; daily only, 45 cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cents per month. Or- dern may be sent By mail or telephone Maln §000. Collection is made by carriers at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1yr., $8.4 Daily only.... 1yr., $6.0 Sunday only. $2.4 Daily and Sunday.1yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ Daily only C..1yr., $7.00; 1 mo.. 60c Sunday onl; 1yr., $3.00;1mo., 25¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled o the ‘use for republication of all news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise credited n this paper aud also the local news pub- herein. Al rights of publication of 1 dispatches herein are also reserved. 1is! Defense Day. President Coolidge replies to a letter received from a representative of a " pacifist that bring sharply to the attention of the people of this country the difference between militant war-secking and war- breeding preparations and true na- tional defense. This correspondence refers to a proposed National Defense day to be observed on the 12th of Sep- tember. The organization in question the National Council for the Preven tion of War, has been protesting against the “day” as a move toward mobilization and as a military gesture. The President points out that it is not & mobilization, nor is it a militaristic gesture. It is simply an alignment of the people of t country in the in- terest of national defense, and defense alone. Its purpose is to keep down to the lowest possible point the profes- sional military organization of the country. It is an emphasis of the prin- ciple of reliance upon the patriotic manhood of (he United States for pro- tection in case of assault. It is, as the President points out, un- fair that the plans for Defense day should be condemned through misrep- resentation. It can hardly be believed that the real purpose of the demon- stration of September 12 is honestly misconstrued. It has been frankly and fully set forth, and there is no excuse for misstatement or misrepre- sentation. Pacifism professionally or- ganized se ad the pub) to point military training camps as preparations for offensive warfare, to denounce the natural rea- sonable and necessary maintenance of the patriotic it of readiness for national service as war-breedin; Back of the “prevention of camouflage is internationalism, nationalism. world s=ocialism. This eountry cannot prevent war. en if it were a member of an international body it could not guarantee against conflict. It could not lessen the chance of militant aggression. Those tavor unpreparedness on the score of lessening the chance of war do not, perhaps, quite realize that weakness, organization in terms however. to misl to war™ is anti who * unreadiness and reliance upon right . lie. 2 biles. and logic alone are invitations to dis- aster. ‘The President says that he pro- foundly hopes that the outlawing of war from this world may be accom- plished. Everybody joins in that hope. save those who may seek to make war for the sake of profit or for gain in territory. But there is. as Mr. Cool- idge says, no inconsistency in approv- ing a program such an aspiration. He is by the highest law of the land the Com mander-in-chief of the Army and Navy of the United States. He would be derelict in duty to the last degree if he were to fail to encourage that pa- triotic spirit of readiness for service in time of need which, it is ardently koped, will be expressed fully and generally on Defense day. —_———— Smoke Screens. District authorities will take meas- ures to discourage the use of smoke screens by bootleggs The device has enabled a number of these unde- bles to escape when chased by po- lice, and has caused injury to several law officers and is a danger to private citizens. Commissioner Oyster will seck to have a clause inserted in po- lice regulations fixing a heavy penalty for using smoke s eens on automo- It seems that the only regula- tion now applicable is the old one for- bidding emission of dense smoke or vapor from an automobile. That regu- lation was adopted when automobile traffic was young and small, and when no one foresaw that whisky-running criminals would travel in 60-mile-an- hour automobiles and use smoke screens and automatic pistols. The penalty for too much smoke from an automobile is very light. There is a proposal that the penalty for using a smoke screen shall be fixed at $500, with imprisonment on failure to pay the fine. That is very moderate. The profit in successful bootlegging is so iurge that the fines as scaled at pres- ent do not seem to deter lawless men from taking the risk. If the authori- ties take up in earnest the smoke screen matter they will help the police in their efforts to get rid of bootleg- gers. ‘The farmers who sold their grain or were too discouraged to raise it are still claimants for sympathy. Automatic Train Control Checked. There would be a sounder sense of public security on the score of rail- road dangers if the order just issued by the Interstate Commerce Commis- sion suspending the order for the in- stallgtion of automatic train controls had fixed a new time limit instead of merely voiding it without further date. As the matter stands it looks as though the commission had with- drawn entirely from the requirement that the railroads named in the orig- inal order should within a specified time install automatic train-control devices for the protection of the pub- It is explained that one reason for the suspension is to permit the adoption of a mechanism whereby the engineman, if alert, may forestall t’ of Defense day and | stopping of the train by the automatic application of the brakes. The records of the Interstate Com- merce Commission are filled with cases of wrecks caused by the failure of the signals or of the enginemen to heed them. Inspectors of the commission have pointed out in numerous in- stances that if automatic train-control devices were in service ghastly tragedies would have been averted. There can be no question of the need of such a device on every trunk line operated on short headway. Yet the order requiring installation of such a device on at least one locomotive divi- sion of each of the roads named by February 1, 1926, is vacated, and no- body knows when it will be renewed. The railroads have spent a good deal of time protesting the order which they might better have spent in trying out devices. While they have been arguing wrecks have been curring of the ve ature which these devices are supposed to prevent. Now they have succeeded in persuad- ing the commission that a time limit is not desirable. WIll they proceed more rapidly to find the ideal method of preventing collisions now that they are under no direct compulsion? It hardly seems likely. The traveling public can only pray that collisions will not continue to occur through the faults of the exist ing signal system and the failures of engine crews. Meanwhile on those lines where automatic train-control systems have been installed the per- centage of disasters has_fallen to the lowest point in the records of Ameri- can railroading. o —_—e————— Lynch Law at Its Worst. obbism at its worst was mani festi@8 tow 0ver night near Myersville, Md. wben a jealous woman led gToup of men against an objectionable member of her own sex who had been ordered to leave the community by the local sheriff and, after beating her savagely, applied a coat of tar and feathers. As a result of this affair eight persons have been arrested and others are sought. The case, if it comes to trial, will develop a sordid condition. Had the orderly processes of law been allowed to work the com. munity would have been spared a shocking scandal and the country the | spectacle of bestial lawlessness. | It is needless to go into the details | of this affair, which are most unpleas- ant. Jealous women have taken their revenge heretofore, but never so far as known with such flagrancy and fury. The men who joined in this woman hunt were animated without question by merely the lust of sen tion rather than any sense of justice A remedy for whatever evil prevailed was simple and available. The wanton whose presence in the neighborhood | had been found to be demoralizing could have beer removed quietly. But the suggestion of a tar-and-feather party seemed to appeal strongly to the male denizens of the place, and they went to it with zest as to a sport. | probably without thought of the hor. vor of the proceeding. Truth is, public morals have become in some parts of this country serious Iy debased. This unfortunate girl was not treated like an unspeakable crim- | inal because of any innate sense of | righteousness on the part of the mob. | Man-hunting has become a sport in certain sections. In this Maryland hamlet woman-hunting was the game, | and from the same motive, the same desire for adventure. One whose spirit and influence are | sadly neglected often in our day, said once in rebuke on a very similar oc casion, “He that is without sin among you let him first cast a stone at her.” Transfers by Machinery. It is to be hoped that the automatic transfer machine that has been ex- perimentally installed on one of the lines of the Washington Railway and Electric Company in this city will prove a success. This apparatus is supposed to issue quickly a transfer properly punched with a minimum of action by the conductor. It is plain that if it works satisfactorily it will greatly facilitate the collection of fares and issue of transfers at the con- gestion points. When a number of people board a car together the con- ductor must make change, sell tokens and issue transfers in addition to watching the fare box and the door simultaneously. The result is that the car s held up unduly because of the crowd ‘at the fare box. The use of change holders has already facilitated cash transactions, and tokens are pro- duced in the right quantities from compartments. But unless the con- ductor ignores the rules about trans- fer punching he is compelled to hold the line while he carefully designates the hour and point of transfer on thcl printed slip. The type of cars used chiefly in Washington makes it impos- sible to start the car until practically the iast fare has been collected. In some cities cars are run of a style that permits the people to enter in a crowd and the doors to be closed and the car started before all the fares are taken and before transfers are issued. Any device which permits a car to load and unload quickly and to lessen the time of halting desirable. This new transfer-punching machine may be one of these aids to rapid transit. Perhaps there are several more or less prominent citizens who would rather have Wheeler running for of- fice than conducting an investigation. It will disappoint thousands if the Prince of Wales decides to pass right on without giving at least one pleas- ant little evening talk over the radio. A three-cornered fight calls for political heroism. Each candidate feels that he is facing forces of two against one. More Friction at Teheran. Just why there should be so pro- nounced a spirit of hostility toward Americans in Persia is difficult to un- derstand. The attack upon Maj. Im- brie, the vice consul of the United States at Teheran, seemed to be due to an indiscretion on his part in at- tempting to take photographs of a holy place end of Persian women there gathered. But now comes an at- tack upon Mrs. Imbrie, his widow, ‘who, it appears, was assailed by a Per- sian youth in the capital who at- | the same ticket his father. voted tempted to tear away her veil, and af the same time expectorated upon her. A policeman, it is stated, witnessed the affair, but made no attempt to p. .ect Mrs. Imbrie or to interfere with her assailant. In consequence of this latest outrage strong representa- tions have been made by the State Department to the Persian govern- ment, demanding that immediate measures be taken to protect Ameri- can citizens in that country. There is no occasion, so far as known here, for an outbreak of anti- Americanism in Persia. On the con- trary the relations between the twé governments have always been cor- dial, and many Americans have taken a helpful interesi in the development of Persia and her protection from at- tack and oppression. It was a young Washingtonian, Morgan Shuster, who rendered an invaluable service to Per- sia in the management of her finances at the time when Russia and England were rivals in seeking to subordinate that country to the role of a depend- ency. Shuster's name is highly re- spected today in Persia, and until the Imbrie affair there was every reason to believe that all other Americans were held in esteem. Without doubt the Persian govern- ment will give assurances of such pro- tection as can be afforded, but the fact remains that there is an evident dis- position on the part of the soldiery and the police to permit outrages against Americans. Is there a serious schism at Teheran and throughout Persia of which these hostilities to- ward the people of this country are symptoms? 1If so, the government at Teheran may be greatly embarrassed Ly the demand of the State Depart- ment. Naming the Babies. The season is opening for giving the names of presidential candidates to babie: Fewer boys will be christened or baptized John Henry, Samuel Eg- bert and James William, and more of them will be named Calvin Coolidge Smith, John W. Davis Jones and Robert Marion La Follette Brown. The candidate style in boys' names comes around every four years. There is news that a man in Kanawha County, W. Va., has named his new twin babies Coolidge and Hell-and- Maria. Evidently he is an earnest Republican. In the matter of the lat- ter name, though it has force, it may be said by some that it lacks euphony and gentleness, and it may finally be revised as Helen Marie. In the late eighteenth and early part of the nine- teenth century we had a large num- | ber of George Washington Robinsons and Thomas Jefferson Johnsons. It is believed that no presidential candi- date and no President, except George Washington, has been honored by 8o many parents as was Andrew Jack- son Abraham Lincoln Smiths and Robert Lee Jones became numerous between 1860 and 1870, and an army of babies were named Grover Cleve- land and Theodore Roosevelt. We are entering a period when each impor- tant candidate for the Presidency will receive notes from parents saying: “We have honored you by naming our bouncing boy Calvin Coolidge,” or John W. Davis, according to the “politics” of the house. o J. P. Morgan is reported to have gone to Europe for a vacation. Under present conditions of money stress Eu- rope is the last place a financier would be expected to look for a vacation. e Should the tariff ever fail as an endless source of argument its place in public attention may be taken by the discussion of whether a majority or a two-thirds rule shall prevail. oo Leopold and Loeb remain light- hearted and confident, relying ap parently on the fact that they have hired lawyers to do the worrying. o The man who has all h a life voted is growing less conspicuous every year. —aon SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNBON. Badinage. Bad money is thicker In Europe, we hear; And bad is the licker They sell over here. But who's condescending In sorrow to think Our hopes are depending On lucre or drink? We'll smile with persistence And never be sad, Nor fear that existence Has gone to the bad. Trepidation. “*What would you say if 1 were to subscribe a million or so to your cam- paign fund?” “As a prudent statesman I wouldn't dare to admit that I was on speaking terms with you.” Ever Thus. An argument seems safe and sure In most accomplished hands. We think the prospect all secure— And then the deadlock lands. Jud Tunkine says you can't get somethin’ for nothin’, but some men come mighty near it in a hoss trade. Calling Names, “Any train robbers in the vicinity of Crimson Gulch?" “None of the old kind,” answered Cactus Joe. “But there's a terrible lot of comment in the surrounding coun- try on what ought to be done with the fellers that collect freight rates.” Distance. Out of the air In the dark, somewhere, From a little jazzy band Comes a sweet old song I've loved so long; ‘A tune from Memory Land. The others say “KDKA" Is the station now at hand. For me the thrill Comes further still— 'Way back from Memory Land. “When a mna gits a political job,” said Uncle Eben, ‘“he loses all de 'spicions he might have had ‘bout de country not bein’ puffickly se.’ {ment among Get Rid of Superfluities, Marshall’s Advice to Nation THOS. R. MARSHALL. Former Vice President of the United States Arrayed in the habiliments of a Doctor of Laws, I had the honor of addressing the graduates of Culver Military Academy and of presenting the awards to the cadets most profi- cient As honor student ap- proached the platform a slip bearing his name and the reason of his selec- tion for an award was handed to me. My funny bone was tickled.when I read that a medal was to go to the next cadet for having made the greatest gain in the athletic depart- ment by losing thirty pounds. How a man could gain by losing was explained to me after the exer- cises were over. This particular cadet, T W had got rid of superfluous had handi- capped him in athletics, By dint of careful training, he had reduced the fatty tissue until his muscles had become hard and clean. Profiiciency in athletics had quickly followed his period of banting. In contemplation of the young man’s achiecvement, T applied his ex- perience and the methods of Culver to the country.at large. It was a great lesson for me. Out of it came this thought: Could not much super- fluous fat in the affairs of life be eliminated to the benefit of the in- dividual and the welfare of the N tion? Envy came to my mind as an adipose tissue which well could be lost. Envy helps no one; in fact, it hinders and embarrasses. Mucl effort is retarded and defeated by this at- titude of mind. Why not get rid of it as the cadet got rid of his super- fluous fat, so we may go forward all the time? Observe Limitations. All of us could put up a better fight if we did not waste time and energy over contemplation of our own un- just treatment. What if one else is the recipient of undue favors? We would be happier, all of us, if we would aceept cheerfully and grate- fully the gifts the gods give us and cease bestowing covetous glances on the gifts of others. Tt is all right, of course, for one to have faith in his possibilities, but it is more conducive to one’s happiness for him to posse an accurate knowledge of ais limita- tions. Great wealth, improperly accumu- lated and too tenaciously clung tc may prove to be & useless fatyy us. sue, hurtful rather than helpful. A man may accumulate so much wealth as to become incapacitated to some THE DIVORC make the real fight of life, He may become so engrossed over watching his fortune grow that he would lose even a simple fisht for the finer things f life. Kindly deeds and the receptic dly deeds may become well npossible under the deadening influenc of selfish wealth. It IS not a question at 1 of governing men by laws. The “Thou_ shalt nots™ of civil and reli- glou life ofttimes are very ritating and sometimes valueless. Reverent! speaking, God Himself found this out. He turned the “Thou shalt nots” of His old dispensation into “Thou shalts,” and it was only when the: “Thou shalts” found lodgement i the hearts of men that real civiliza- tion began to take its upward trend Too much wealth is calculated to destroy the owner's usefulness as an American. It establishes between himself and others a gulf that is dif- fieult to bridge. Less money would probably mean more friendships, more resultant happiness, greater content- ment. Large holdings of propert undoubtedly constitutc a superfluous fat which well could be eliminated to the benefit of the holder. Can Attain Superiority. Desirous of becoming proficient in athletics, the young cadet on whom 1 conferred a medal voluntarily sub- mitted himself to the regime of Cul- ver. and came out not only fit but superior to his fellows. Our country can become eminently superior to all other countries, It s a giant when all its muscles are co-ordinated. But whenever we put into it or on it any- thing that hinde the perfect work ing of t organism, we reduce i usefulness, impair its value, lessen the assurance of its ultimate friumph. This is not a question of regulation by law, but a question of voluntary refusal retain anything, do thin anything when or act or word will weaken this great b olitic. And such a voluntary refusal is very apt to require courage. None but a courageous too Tich man ruld be pected to ay: “I will get rid of part of my r cs for the common good.” one but a cour- ageous politican will pledge himself not to impair his usefulness to the state by thought of personal ad- vantage. None but a courageous working man will toil merely because he is needful to perform the work of his country. All this is supreme consecration to one great ideal—that of eliminating the superfluous in thought and word and deed if there- by the essential may be made strong- er for the common weal. Since my cxperience Culver 1 am convinced that what we need today as much anything else treatment for much fat yright, 1924, by 215t Century Press ) too “« E PROBLEM BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Continved agitation of the divorce problem, back of which is the move- ment for uniform marriage and di- vorce laws, developing th fact that there substantial agree- experts as to the real es of the domestic infelicity that leads to the divorce court. There is practically consensus of opinion among the lawyers, judges, psychol- ogists, psychiatrists, sociologists and other stud. nts who, presumptively, should know why the matrimonial bark is wrecked so frequently. ‘There is wide distinction between the causes of divorce and the legal grounds for divorce. Th latter are ascertainable by a reference to the statutes of the several States and it is found that 48 different laws rec- ognize as many as 35 grounds for di- Vorce, ranging from the New Hamp- shire law which recognizes 14 grounds for divorce, to that of South Carolina which recognizes none at all Plaintiffs who appear in divorce courts enumerate the legal grounds upon which they ask a dissolution of the marriage tie. They do necessarily reveal the real causes of marital infelicity. Indeed, well known_that divorces are secured for alleged cau while the real causes are concealed ¢ berately or are never developed in the course of the court proceding: Statistics show that one marriage in every ten in the United States as a whole ends up in the divorce courts, At the present rate of increase of di- vorces it has been figured that by 1950 one-fourth of all marriages will end thus unhappily, and that by the end of the century this will have increased to one in two. This prospect alarms many students of the problem of domestic relations, who call attention to the fact that in one State, Nevada, there are actu- ally more divorces ' than marriages and ask where this sort of thing is leading. Other studen v that the divorce evil is exaggerated and point out that there are only about 500,000 vorced people in the United States z against a_total population of mor than 200 times that number. The observers cite statistics to show, in contrast with the Nevada record, that in the District of Columbia the mar- to 1, is no cau it riages outnumber the divorce: i in New York 22 to 1, and eorgia 19 to 1, and that in six States there vas a decrease in the number of di vorces last year, the greatest de crease being in New Hampshire, which has the most liberal divorce law. d Nntionnl Clinic Suggested. it is generally conceded that it is dificult if not impossible to cure an ill or remedy an evil it its courses are not known. If di- vorce is increasing at such a rate as to be a social ill or evil, it has been suggested that some sort of national clinic be held in which it will be studied scientificall Let the experts get together, compare notes, make common observ ons and endeavor to arrive at conclusions that will be sound and helpful to Congress and to the legislatures of the geveral States in their consideration of the question as to what should be done. Offhand opinions as to the reasons for the prevalence of divorce are almost “all inclusive. They embrace everyvthing from the increasing cost of living to a decreasing religiou spirit and regard for the law of God. The movies are blamed by some peo- ple and the World War by others, While to jazz music and the dance craze are also ascribed a share of the responsibility. i Strangely enough, perhaps, pro Dbition is blamed by some observers and commentators. They say that the effort to abolish drinking by con- stitutional amendment and _statute has brought about a_disregard for and disrespect of all law, tending to promiscuity in sex relations and lead- ing to laxity in the observance of marital obligations, and at the same time has increased drunkeness among both men and women to a degree that it is inevitable that the road to di- vorce should become a well worn trail. Formerly it was held that the saloon was the antechamber to the divorce court and it seems some- what paradoxical that the abolition of the saloon-should now be held re- sponsible in large degree for the very evil that institution was for- merly supposed to aggravate. What the Experts Say. Most of the experts who are on record appear to have been governed in their opinions by a study of one phase of the subject. ~ A psychlatrist, for example, says that the funda- mental causes of divorces are emo- tional insanity and feeble-minded- ness, one or the other, or & combina~ tion of the two, A jeaf must have Dbeen taken out of his book by, the humorist, who had the wife say, “You know you were crasy to marry me. and the husband answer, “I must b P nother muthorlty who_ gives com- However, not frequently | mon rather than fundamn says that divorces are du women wanting what -, meglect of wives by their hus- ands, nagging, drink, low mentality ! sexual mismatini, ~Still another expert phy: | ical mismating and s degen- eracy as the prime ca and still anot divorce ntal causes to poverty. they’ regards ual er says that in most actions if you want to get at the bottom of the trouble you should look for the other woman or the other man, as the case may be A 'frequent, if not a fundamental cause of divorce that has been of served is the nz of relatives, mothers-in-law athers-in-law and all the othe W, and hasty and ill-consid, rriages are found to result more often In discord than in happiness. On this latter point one judge says that it is the { height of absurdity for a country to “fuse to permit immigrants to land here unless they can make a show- ing that they are not likely to be- | come dependents while at the same | time it permits a man to take unto | himself & wife and assume the re- sponsibilities of a family without makine the slizhtést inauiry as to his ability to support them. The growing = economic independ- ence of women is generally recog- nized - of the reasons why there are more divorces, although it may not he termed a cause of divore | Not all women, but a rapidly increas. [ ing “provortion of them. approach | matrimony nowadays knowing that it will not necessarily eommit them to a life sentence if it should result in unhappiness, misery or anv unen- durable conditions. They know how to ‘take care of themselves in an economic way. and if hu fail them in any essential degrec not afraid to tackle the themselves. Such women, flics out the window, give their husbands the may b allusic It is nection uniform i i of and modern interesting with the slang. to note movement for a marriage and divorce law that conditions in Russia may be urged as an argument to influenc American legislators. regime in Russia it was almost possible to secure a divorce bolshevism divoree is matter of mutual ment. However, it “the liberal divorce n marriages have sed at the rate of almost 100 per cent while the number of divorces has increased by ofly 5 per cent. ot ¢ o Canada in First Pact With European Nation the first time in its eventful . the Dominion of Canada has negotiated a treaty with a European nation. Belgium and Canada have exchanged signatures to an agree- ment granting each nation special tariff privileges. A new door to Ca- nadian commerce has been opened by the action of the Canadian govern- ment itself, without the intervention of the London diplomats. Canada has contended for many years for the right to be represented In foreign capitals and the privilege of negotiating treaties in its own name. With the reorganization of the | Britich Empire. by which the separa | colonies, dominions and dependene became parts of a great federation of states, the ambitions of Canada were lfl!\'l‘u recognition. Negotiations be- | tween the United ‘States and Canada are now being carricd on directly between Ottaw and Washington, instead of through London. A Cani dian_envoy in Washington has the right to speak for his country regard- less of what may be said by the Brit- sh Ambassador. The most important subject of discussion between Canada and the United States at present the improvement of the St. Lawrenc River for navigation and power de- velopment, and that question is likely to be settled by Americang and Cana dians without the assistance of Lon- don. Like Ireland, Canada has all the essential elements of independence and freedom of action as a nation. In some respects, the status of Canada gives that country a great advantage over absolutely free nations. such as the United States, for Canada is not obliged to maintain a defensive force of any consequence. The Dominion so has the advantage of trade priv- fleges within the British Empire and is beginning the negotiation of treaties that will obtain entrance for Canadian _exports to other countries. From the American point of view, Canada’s new freedom is of great value, for the reason that controve sies between Canadians and Ameri- cans can now be settled by direct negotiation, and co-operative efforts can be arranged similarly. Also any commercial advantages that Canada may obtain will be reflected indirect- 1y in benefits to the United States by American exports through Canada, and by American investments in Ci nadlan manufacturing for export.— The Rochester He .‘ in_con- im- TUnder practically a consent or agree- is claimed, under conditions Rus- | tion cannot | permitted so to mix poetical | Under the old {a Capil,al Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. The paintings and frescoes in the Capitol are attracting more than or- dinary attention this summer, as a re- sult of which David Lynn, architect of the Capitol, has been besicged to have a mew edition printed of an thoritati book on Works of Art the Uniteq States Capitol Building, whic was compiled rore than .ten year: ago by Charles E. Fairman, a veteran employe, whose work as eurator for more than a score of y has been a veritable lakor of lov Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way, the large wall paint- Ing over the ‘west side of the stair- ¢ landing between the House chamber and the gallery, is the only ample in the Capitol of a peculiar method of applying the paint to the wall. It is the work of a noted Ger- man artist, Emmanuel Leutze, and was ordered by Gen. Montgomery Meigs July 9, 1861, and was complet- ed in 1862 The representation of pioneers with their wagons and camping outfits, the mountain scenery and the portrait of Danicl Boone always attract the at- tention of visitors. The basis of this portrait panorama is a thin layer of cement of powdered marble, quartz, dolomite and air-worn lime. The watercolors are applied on this cement and fixed by a spray of water-glass solution. By the method employed it is much casier to make corrections in the s thun w ordinary fresco wrn'kvn“"h i ,Much of the mural decoration of the Capitol “was ‘done by Constantine Brumidi, at the rate of $10 a day, be tween 1855 and 1860, Some of his most notable work include the old committee on agriculture room, now used by the appropriations commit- tee, which was done in_ 1855 as the first specimen of real fresco intro- duced in America; the President's room back of the Senate chamb °T, which would be destroyed if proposals to extend the legislative hall to the outer walls is carried out; opy of the dome above the the better portion of the frieze in the rotunda which was, un- finished when Brumidi died; . the painting “Cornwallis Sues for Cessa- of Hostilities Under Flag of Truce, which is on the wall of the Hous of Representatives, and the rooms occupied by the Senate com- mittee on appropriations and on the District of Columbia. Brumidi was z aptain in the na- tional guard and during the pontifi- cate of Pius IX was commissioned by him to restore the Loggia of Raphael in the Vatican As capeain of the kuards he refused to order his com- mand to fire on the people. He was arrested and confined in prison for 14 months. He was released without trial through the friendship of the Pope, who counseled him to leave Ttaly His own description of his mural decorations in the Capitol, as found in a statement filed with the archite® of the Capitol, says that the solid construction of this na- tional building required a superior style of decoration in rex fresco, like the palaces of Augustus and Nero, the | Baths of Titus and Livia in Rome and the admired relics of the pain ings of Herculaneum and Pompeii He made the frescoes of the Capitol his life work. * % % % One of in Congress liam C. the biggest men physically Representative Wil- Hammer of Asheboro, N. ., whose heart is as big as his body and whose hearty chuckle 1s contagious As & very active member of the House District committee he has made a host of friends in the National Capi- tal. With a background of nearly 40 years' practical experience in school work as teacher, member of the school board, county ‘superintend- ent of public instruction and editor, he was able to do valiant service in having progressive legislation put through “to make the schools of the National Capital models for all the gountry, he has frequently re marked they must be. Always & booster for his home dis- trict, Representative Hammer is ver pleasantly reminding his particular friends here of some of the good things produced in his “neck of the woods” by sending them very pretty baskets of fancy peaches ¥ * o % % here are of were born Senator J. Frazier Dakots them lived in a sod hut of the in Congress who boz lived in a some score t that they log cabin of North better—ne His parents were angeley Lakes Maine, but became early pioneers. first in Minn and later in Red River Valley, North Dakota. The present senator start- ed work when he was six years oid. driving an old prairie wagon trom Grand For! the then end of the railroad, 65 miles to the homes He still ow part of that cad section that his filed on in 1880. When he w years old he helped to build their first house He has always been a working farmer and. although was governor for three terms and is in the United States Senate, he drove binder on his homestead of 40 acres last fall While in college Senator krazier attained wide distinction in ath- pecially in foot ball. and in of the varsity eieven tor or more of men or Lynn goes one natives rexion Western in sota * ok ok ¥ o This the season of wanderlust. when some forty million minds turn to the “open road.’ Washington sees a large percentage of these tourists, many of whom are back- trailing the course their sturdy par- ents took with the cry of “West- ward ho!" opening up new empire territory which has been feeding the world. Government agencies nhgure that more than 10,000,000 passenger automobiles are following the lure ot adventure this season over the great- ust highway system the world has ever known, Tourist -parties “seeing Washington” are unanimous in say- ing that by co-operation with the States in building this great high- way system Uncle Sam has don more for building up the country, making the people of all the States neighbors, making arm lite nti- nitely more worth living and giving the people an opportunity to sec more of their country and love it better the more they see it e Representative Henry T. Rainey, who has lived all his life in Green County, 11l, where he owns a mag- nificent estate which he has turned into a public playground, boasts that his grandfather, Samuel Thomas, was the first settler in that colinty. His other grandfather, Maj. W. C. Raine: vas 4 commissioned officer in Col. Harden's regiment in the Mexican War. On his estate Representative Rainey has one of the model dairy barus of the country. He was one of a committee of 16 farmers selected to formulate a farm policy for illinois for the next 25 years. He is the father of the narcotic law. and by appointment of William Gibbs McAdoo while Secretary of the Treas- ury made a nation-wide study of the use of narcotics in the United States. it is claimed that no constituent has ever written him a letter which has not received his prompt and cour- teous reply—during 20 years in Con- gress. It is said that he knows per- sonally every Civil War soldier yet alive. He is also described as “the fellow who pulled the fingers of the steel trust from the throat of the Na- tion.” * K k% A long-felt need, of the National Capital is goon to be supplied, and by one official who has more things to do than any other in Washington. Lieut. Col. Clarence O. Sherrill is now com- piling a history of the government buildings in Washington and of the packs of the National Capital. is a | How the Chicago MEN AND BY ROBERT The campaign is on and a_new Rict mond is in the fleld. There has been a sort of hiatus in Democratic leader- ship, what with Mr. Davis being up on an’isolated island in Maine ana Mr. Hull and Mr. Shaver swapping horses as past and present chairmen of the Democratic national committec. | But Democracy’s cause has been | carried_on. The gallant foeman of | the G. O. P. is none other than our | old friend Senator “Tom” Heflin of Alabama. He has leaped into the tem- porary breach and kept the home fires burning with a broadside which should knock the Republicans for a wide row of empty ballot boxes. If Senator Tom's statement has not gone | far and wide it is simply because a | subsidized press has not dared to give | culation to his clarion call. 1t other sources have failed the senator | the writer shall not. “In 1912, says Mr. won, with Roosevelt and Taft third. This win with La Follette and Coolidge third.” And that is just the beginning of what the senator has to say. - He warms up, naturally, as he goes along but most Republicans, after reading this opening paragrabh, can go no further. They are done in; knocked out, and otherwise flabbergasted. The Republicans should read fur- ther, however, for if they do they will find the junior senator from Alabama —one of the famous “24 votes for Oscar W. Underwood”—weakens just a little in one of his paragraphs and qualifies his prediction to the extent of saying “unless all signs fail.” Mr. Heflin his statement “Hi tory will repeat itself,” but the broad- side really should be called the bom- bardment of Butler. The Republican | national chairman gets at least 800 | Heflin, “Wilson running second vear Davis will running second words of bitter denunciation for s: ing that he does not think oil is going to cut a figure in the campaign. Mr, | Butler's words are called “shocking and astounding 1f Mr. Heflin is to make a habit of issuing statements from time to time | the campaign isn't going to be such 4 £ad sort of thing after all. * % kK The radio broadcasting agencies are saying that they are going to do everything in their power to protect | the “invisible audiences” from too much politics during the campaign. But the radio bugs themselves are anxiously inquiring when the “atroci- ties” are to begin. They want the | fun to start. They think the whole campaign is going to be a sort of continuation of the grand battle waged in Madison Square Garden. The fans will never forget that treat It has been figured there was more sleep lost to the nation by reason of the listeners-in refusing to to bed while the Democratic tempest was howling than during any similar period in all history. Of course, the radio campaign £oing to be nothing of th will have its bright mome dull one The " political humorist probably get a big play. The wil Fifty Years Ago In The Star | A fire which did heavy damage oc- | curréd during the middle of Ju! 1874, and for some | hours caused : apprehensio n Fire Was Checked. ", 5 ¢ nor holocaust like that of 1871. How it was checked by a device which origi- nated in this city is told in the fol- | | lowing reprint from the Chicago Jn- | terocean in The Star of July 21, 1874 “When the fire had reached the corner { of Wabash avenue and Van Buren street it seemed to be under control to the westward and . centered all its force | upon this one point. Two engines had | | located here and, facing the oncoming | flames, alean effort to stop | it. If the fire crossed the street there seemed no chance of saving the city, for | should this occur it would be impossible | to stand the heat, and the stores adjoi ing the fire would surely go. With these great blocks in flames who could tell | where it would end? The firemen recog- nized this terrible emergency and stood to their work unflinchingly. The pipes from engine 14 and 12 or put into one, and a heavy | to the top of the made a he two we “Siamesed,” am of ory building. gain and ag: flames burst forth and threatened the opposite build- ings. Twice they were on fire, but the stream was turned upon them for a mo- ment and of the fire was stopped and ihe engines again returned to the task of staying the flames. The wind would every now and then in a great gust blow the water aside, but in a moment the stream would once more be seen amid the smoke, pouring its steady torrent of water into the fiery furnace before it. It seemed small an pitiful to fight such a battle, but here, if ever, it must conquer. The crowds in the streets watched this contest with bated breath, and as the flames or water seemed to gain the mastery gave forth groans or cheers of sympathy. All hope centered in this one chance. It w: in- deed, a desperate one. At one time the flame would shoot up high above the surrounding buildings ass if deflantly, and then again, as the steady stream continued te pour in its volume, it would sink to a red glare and rise and toss as though in agony. For a full half hour the battle continued, and never once in that time did the heavy stream cease to P into the burning warehouse. “The firemen were buttressed behind heavy barricades to keep them from being scorehed or burned alive, and they stood to their posts in the midst of a danger few would face, and the huge engines just in_ their rear, almost ready | to burst with the force they were using, kept urging on the only power that could successfully combat the flames. At last the fiery streamers paled and sank. Again they started up fitfully, but it was plain that their power was gone, and they again sank darker and darker. The smoke rolled forth in great volumes, a hopeful sign, and then the flames finally died away. ) “With a great sigh of relief the peo- pie in the streets turned their steps home: d, thanking God that the city was saved. In all the mistakes and in- efficiency of the fire department this honor must be accorded to them, for here they made a noble fight and earned a great victory.” The Star points out that the Siames. ing, or joining of two streams into one, was a patented inventlon of Martin Cronin, chief engineer of the District Fire Department. water ros the course * % Fifty years ago the case of Jesse Pomeroy, the “boy murderer,” who is even now an in- Jesse Pomeroy, the mate of a Massa- yy chusetts penal in- “Boy Murderer.” ution, was at- tracting the attention of the American people. The Star of July 21, 1874, thus comments: ‘What shall we do with him? was the question put to Mr. Dick by Betsy Trotwood on the arrival of David Cop- perfleld, tired and dirty, from his long tevery day {John J | inis tend AFFAIRS T. SMALL &0 befter on the air than the serious talkers and any one wi h whole nation laughing der- on’or ‘some thing wiil v @ Viry great deat old_time politiciar ) find th ra some of place at have much to the them seem to think Jou can’t keen on same thing over ana oves on the air. Where a pol ticlan travels from piace to plac faces an entirely new audience every night, hie can pull all the old stuff away with it. Not so on the have to think up W all the time and that rather difficult over a ran of solid. months. Even presidential make “grand tours pretty m same over "again speeches™ w few variatio: ow and t times these dates ha high as 10 or 12 spe Manifestly it would be find a different theme casion. But unless the something new to say they will fand the all ‘along the ether. ng likir In the fir saying the car lidates have to thi ey get certain h they deliver who h the Y yme a day. npossible 1 hoped and It dent is to be that of humor oport Coolidgs nse " would be of the election being brought to t ts by the poi haven't s ident nor notified of and therefore can tak are bringing hus far. Mr Ything west River and has Georgin, Aluban Mr. Davis has only New Ha neeticut and Wis Nobody tling Bob 1 He doesn’t dreams some Apropos of the Pershing grim dicipline decided by ent that nobody “p: Pershing, politicans who Chairman National the conc a cert B lican nounced will ever Some have Watson, the G. O into the campaign this Jim has been talking a cratic n the Davis and “Keep it ur crats. “Nobody are talking of his Dem been thanking of Indiana, wh P., for bringing mesalliance” in Bryan ticket will (Capyr What church if he sudder Baptist, of This was when one of big cided to in class at Bethany Rev. Hugh Bethany, found the frog sitting j outside th waiting t held downs “Hello, bu “Do you want to cc A majestic ance of t “I am gla continued the fellows, ought church.” So saying the bullfrog hopped it son prepared a nice tank for usual visitor and put him in it when the children arvived fully at h The frog ber of the ¢ week day, however one, ker-chunks mates we cou proved the take green fe the summer I Baptist Church evenson, pastor . patientl hand ¢ d to gr door ar Steven his un that was he unlocked the Dr credited mer Yester nre whe * 1s code bobhed manners? hair bringing in a This second question hurled defenseless reader toda observations made last A yvoung man, we blue shirts with a collar to match, so popular this season, was scated in i room when a bobbed-hair girl entered “Excuse me for not arising.” said the man, carelessiy. “You is a sample of a new sort of man &0 with bohbed hair.” ves, and with blue shirts.” re the girl at rises from week ring th The that he had in his back vard, “Why don't vour ankles before lawn?" asked the girl “I don't want to bath every time I protested the man Later in the c casually enouzh ¥, how lawn?" mee So she same young man bitten announced been by chiggers you put kerosens you mow have mow to the take a Taws rsation asked often do you the girl, mow 3 a week,” replied ad the laugh on the him man Headed by u grand marshal. flanke by outriders and heralded Ly a ing bell, the trash weekly call “The trash husbands, and hushands to wives the first clangins of the at the head of the alley It is really trash men, howe fully eight are in the crowd that tends the juggernautlike vehicle fills the entire roadway The marshal, striding on 1 blows a whistle. The wagon on. Outriders seize hoxes. bale bags of trash. Riders on the wagons catch the bags, empty them into the wagon. “Hurry, hurry, they will miss Behind the caravan comes a colored boy, drawing a small wa To him the men on the great ve throw rags, hits of rubber and « odds and ends CHAKLES wagon m ma shout wives Lell resour that tramp through the country. The sapient Mr. Dick, after looking the youns mun over. at once replied, “Wash hin. perplexed question’ now is, ‘What shall be done with young Pomeroy, the Massi- chusetts boy murderer” And the popu- lar response is “Hang him.’ The findin of the body of another of his victims has added to the intensity of public f ing against him, and it is safe to say that had these crimes been committed in the West the boy flend would long since have been Iynched by the indi nant citizens. It is safer and moro charitable in this case, however, to be- lieve that the murderous youth is in- sane, since there is an absence of mo- tive in his crime except the mere brutal desire of ehedding human blood. As hish insanity takes the form of murder mania he could hereafter be placed in a tion where he will be incapable of arming others. Imprisonment for life | would seem _to suit this particular case.”