Evening Star Newspaper, July 25, 1924, Page 3

DARROW MAKING FIGHT OF CAREER Noted Criminal Lawyer Brings Vast Experience to Defense of Youths. HITS CAPITAL PENALTY Will Always Fight to Save Any Man From -Gallows, He Declares. By Cousolidted Press, Chicago, July 25.—The master legal strategist, Clarence Darrow, playing a waiting game as the State unfolds the of evidence upon which bases its demand for the lives of Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold, jr. He is prepared to strike telling blows at the prosecution when s the f of the defense first attempt to save slayers from the gallows. ars to be silent acqui- s part during the time the State is tightening its seemingly impenetrable net about the Killers is but the before the storm. A life- 1 for the trials < this final last that Dar- save the *“under experience is com- mass it ree: in the these bo, What escence court appe or quict time of expe defense in great « aped the strategy play—probably the row will make dog” Out of that ing thé legal thrusts that he is count- ing on to puncture the State's and bring incarceration instead death for the boys he is defending. In court, as he lays the foundation for D: ence as coun: iminal of o possible appeals, ow is scarcely than the polished he is trying to over 67, stooped, and somewhat rather care- t notable a sharp millionaire less interesting dandies save. Aging, weth thinned hair Nt foat in d clothes, this me criminal lawyers offers to the young ers under hi whose lives now ais ast care Fighting Last. Battle. Darrow is fizhting what is expected Here again a conviction is 10 be his last great o his battl that capital Justified. “Every effort will " said r permit a there is t n punishment never be made to pre- Darrow today. man to hang nything in the world I n do to save him.” Darrow saved the lives of the Mec- Namara brothers, bombers of the Los Angzeles Times Building, in 1911, He saved Big 1 F Moyer and Pettibone n in 1907, after they charged with killing fo eunenburg of Idaho. had suc- cessfully defended Eugene V. Debs after his activitics the railroad strike of 1594, His court activities as attorney the state have run through famo trials for nearly 40 years From out the knowledge so lonz B fre had Previously wood, the been Gov. S gallows he against of that career has come that snaping his stratesy in the Loeb-Leopold trial. Accepting the state presentation of facts without contradiction or objec- tion, the defense plans are carrying along for the grand finish. To Advance Insanity Plea. Alienists for the State the trend toward the the Darrow force the first time, shaled building Banity R the are to start climax and bring into the open Through his psychiatrists he counts on theory of emotional in- that will convince Judge John Caverly, who holds the in his hands, that the result of mental ir- responsibility and should be punished only by life imprisonment. To this the att to make a plea of his own may be the greatest of his career—a dotted with juries nd Wourts Lrought to by the appeal of the Darrow word pictures. But the battle the defense has ar- ed centers solely about the men- responsibility of the two slayers. Scientific explanations of the reasons ¥ minds of studious brilliance ould to murder simply for thrill save these lives. Fail- however, the defense that Dar- has built, is prepared to go to hizher courts and to bring in new points that may ®ake vears to de- termine what the fate of the slayers shall be. DUNCAN BROTHER TO WED Nuptials Delayed by Cicero Police to Be Celebrated Sunday. CHICAGO. July 25.—Harold Dun- can, 21, brother of Rosetta and Vi- vian Duncan (T and Eva). the acrtesses. will m Miss Marj, Wricht, 20, of Webster, N. Y here Sunday noon, it was announced today, The. wedding. originally set for early in July. was delayed because of + the encounter July 4 of the Duncans with police of Cicero, a suburb. Miss Rosetta and Harold were injured in the encounter. mar- boys erime was cap veteran criminal 1y that a career tears revert may \ SPECIAL NOTICES. PIANO — REPAIRING. SPECIAL, SUMMER Drices. Est. free. Geo. M. M. Walker. Col. 4796, 710 Morton st. n.w., formerly bead tuner 1 cy 8. Fo “i<nabe Cc FRANK N. [IOLMES WILL PURCH cigar, confectionery and hotion bu Mrs. Margaret E. Wool, locuted at st. w.w.. city. Al clain waid business should be pre: days (o Attorney Hewitt Griggs Robertson, Dine. Natl. Bank bidg.. Washington, D. ¢ A HOUSEHOLD NECESSITY— Fou peed it. 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Judge Court of Leopold and Loeb are no real samples of modern youth, even youth that are spreading their wings and making flights into the realm of the unknown. Nevertheless the case of these boys, with their marvelous but twisted mentality, leading to this shocking crime, may vet bring some £00d to the world if it but impresses upon American parents the terrific < that rests upon them to know and understand their children, and how, in turn, to help their children to know and understand them. awake! The children's generation calls you to action. The Leopold-Loeb-Franks case—you have all read about it. Not that You are given to the maudlin followinis of gruesome murder stories: there is more than that in this grim deed that has turned what should be the bright lexicon of youth into a vertible shambles of blood and death. Crime of Youth. And _remember, through gruesome, sickening details, children’s story —a_ story of even though it be the story cago's direst crime. It neve compared with any other tragedies of modern times: it has none of their motives, passions or purposes. It beggars all com s and challenges all explanation as judged Ly the records of modern crime. It is a new kind of a murder with a new Kind of a cause. That cause is to be found in the modern mentality and modern freedom of youth, with the misunderstanding between parent- hood and childhood. Thus we have the modern misdirection of vouth. Do you not then see that this more than the story of a murder? It is the story of modern youth, the story of modern parents, the story of modern education, even though it be an extreme and exceptional episode in the stream of modern lif Other Lesser Offensex. There are lesser offenses, difficulties, without the startling and spectacular episode of blood and death, that come from the same causes and pass us by almost daily. The indifference to the rights of others in the stealing of automobiles, in joy rides, jazz parties, petting parties, freedom in sex relations and the mania of speed on every turn. They do not gain our attention be- cause they are not so startling, so terrible. And yet by accretion these lesser deeds in the “Dangerous Age | coming in such numbers all about u | are not less important and if a spec- | tacular murder was necessary to di- rect attention it may not have been without its good as well as its evil. It concerns you, mother, and you, father, and you, teacher, and all of our institutions’ responsible for the future of the race through that child- hood which is left asa divine trustee- ship in our everlasting arms. Crime Calls For Penalty. Not that these youths should not be held responsible as individuals for the foul deed they have brought upon their community, but the lesson of such a tragedy would altogether fail if we could not fairly and justly reck- fon with its causes. In criminal courts the judge deals only with the thing the person does. Did he com- mit a murder? then the judge looks [to a direction in a book and there he finds the State’s remedy in its ven- geance. But the judge knows little or nothing of the causes of the thing or the person that did it. Back to these causes we must g0 | For either hanging these boys or put ting them for the balance of their ex- istence behind stone walls does not rid us of our problems of misdirected youth. It holds out little promise that, without more, we may not ex- pect’ a recurrence, even though from different angles not so spectacular, of misfortune which may threaten modern civilization. Even with the best of parents and teachers such things in individual cases may hap- pen, but they are not so likely to happen_if parents and teacherslive up to their full responsibility Classes Two as Children, For days the papers have been filled first with the details of this wretched crime, first a mystery and then, like a bolt out of the blue, with the confession of its perpetrators turning out to be nothing but chil- dren themselves. So the outstanding murder of this generation will al- ways remain in_history as a murder of a child done by children. Advisedly I speak of them as chil- dren, not in mitigation of the crime, but to remind you fathers and moth- ers that at law, for hundreds of vears, all persons under the age of twenty-one years are and have been just children, or as the law more technically expresses it, infants. That is to say, they are so regarded as be- ing inferior to adults because as yet there does not exist in their brief careers up to the age of twenty-one the experience that comes with ma- turity and age. Given Free Rein. You, as laymen, know they cannot deal with property, they cannot be trusted with dangerous mechanical machinery, they cannot get married, they cannot do many legal things without the consent and advice of some adult, legally related to their lives. But when you think of this difference between adults and minors. it is with reference to property and the laws of property. Yet why should there be this distinction merely as to property and not as to morals, man- ners and behavior? If the child needs advice in_dealing with his property until he is 21, does he not all the more need such advice and guidance dcaling _with his mind and his morals until he is 21? And now. though not trusted with SPECIAL NOTICES. 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ADAMS, FRITER, SMALL PRINT JOBS Can be safely and economically executed here—The Million-dollar Printiog Plant. | The National Capital Press| 12101212 D St. N.W, 4 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. Judge Warns Parents C.,, FRIDAY, JULY 25 1924. Loeb Declared for Hanging - Judge Gets Advice. 3 FID WARNING || [Loch Declared for Honaing - Forsamtie = = omye IR plre PO wApaEe SAYS MUSSOLINT'S AGAINST LOOSENESS OF PERIOD Mothers and Fathers of America, Awake! Ben Lindsey Pleads Denver's juvenile court judge, international authority on problems of youth, says re- sponsibllity for such crimes as the murder of Franks rests with parents and teachers and their misunderstanding of the young. Joy rides, jnz: tiex, speed petting nd sex freedom arcel of problem fcago boys, ix his Youth's golden age of eman- cipntion ix declared to be at hand, following the emancipa- tion of woman, but this golden age will become a dangerous axe unlexs the elder generation fulfills its duty to the younger. . Hanging, he xayws, would nat- ity tradition, but would not rid the world of its problem. property nor acknowledged in legal right to the liberty in life given only )y law to adults, yet they are allow- -d mentally and morally to forage eir way through every field of literature, through every weird cult, to delve into every strange philosophy with no more direction than that of eir own immature minds, without life's real experionce to guide them. Thus these mentally alert and emo- tionally unbalanced youths were per- mitted to drift where they would, with no guide but their own un- tutored egotism, their own eager, wild, undisciplined minds. Led Afield by Teachings. Thus it is we account for this ex; treme and exceptional crime of two infants (at law, as to their property, even if not as to their morals and mentality) who, unbridled and un- B ciplined, are allowed the mental freedom, without aduit direction, to roam at will—amidst the pitfalls that adult civilization opened up to them. They drifted into the dangers that certain adult minds have made for all misdirected youth. Thus in Loeb and Leopold _we find two childhood wrecks, beating against the rocky mental shores of the Schopenhauers and the Nietzaches with their pessi- mism, their atheism, their materialism, to which is added the filthy sex eroticism of the sixteenth century. In the midst of its mental storm and wreck are two youths who might have been glorious in their fine capac- ities, it rightly directed, nor abased by this adult pessimism and despair, doing murder of a poor child to satis- f: their jaded appetites and per- verted brains. And for what? New sensations, new adventures, new thrills. The pity of it, when we con- sider all the big purposes® to which those marvelous intellects might have been drected. Might Have Aided Race. What have parents and teachers to say about the failure of these two minds to_interest themselves, as an eminent Jewish rabbi has well said, even in the problems of their own race—to say nothing of all the great problems of all races—instead of sur- rendering themselves to wild and un- natural passions? Why is it that two youths with such native ability should be without ideals and without responsibility in life, should be allowed to drift into this moral anarchy when they might have busied themselves through their God-given talents in noble service? Questions Parents Knowledge. How many other parents are there fn this nation who are dense to the fact that the great 'stream of modern youth is flowing by them with all the power of a mighty river, finding its own course, sounding its own depths—a stream whose silence are as unknown to parents as that of the real great river itself? When will parents wake up to the fact that so many of them do not know their children, that so many of them know as little of their children as these parents must have known when these boys were revelling in the Nietz- scheisms of “I love the great de- strovers because they are the great adorers,” instead of a more whole- some interest in those things that concern the foot ball field? When they were revelling in the obscenities Pietro Aretino and his lascivious courge of Princes” and acts of per- version that should have never been permitted to taint their fine young minds? In a lesser degree, or from different angles, how ‘many parents know of those things that are surg- ing in the minds of their own children? Sees Great Future. The precocity, the wonderment, the curiosity of modern youth in this its golden age is a thing to be wel- comed as boding good for the future, provided the modern parenthood of vouth know how to perform the part that is theirs. Without that part rightly understood and performed. it is to be dreaded lest this golden age become a hopelessly dangerous age and lead us to some great traged for the race, as this exceptional case has been a great tragedy for three children and the parents involved. When fathers and mothers of Amer- ica, as one who has spent 25 years dealing with the affairs of your chil- dren, please do not let this tragedy pass’ without taking from it its les- sons that you so much need. You do not know your children as you should and your children do not know you as they should. Parents Are Warned. What are you going to do to make it easier for them to understand you? 1 warn you, the emancipation of modern youth'is at hand. You will £o with it, be a part of it, help to guide and direct it, or it will leave vou far in the lurch. It will go on alone and without vou through its uncharted seas—leading God knows where. It is true that it came with the emancipation of modern woman. No longer will either be bound alone by_tradition, by convention. They are going to chart out a chan- nel for themselves. But you must step along with the procession. You may not be able to lead, but you must know how to follow with that advice, counsel and direction that the saving grace of experience and maturity of years have added to your judgment. Should Grow Together. But too many of you are making no effort either to lead or follow in this, the greatest procession of the ages, with your wise and kindly coun- sel. More and more your children are going to make their own lives, and I am one who is willing to trust them if you will only consent to share their lives with them and know how to_do your part. I rejoice in the freedom and the emancipation of modern youth, as I do in that of modern woman, but like every fight for freedom, like every movement forward, it is not without its pitfalls and its dangers. These two children, Leopold and Loeb, have all unwittingly, through their stum- bling—yes, through their foul crime and the tears of all its tragedy—sug- gested to the mothers and fathers of this Golden Age that it will be a “Dangerous Age” only as sons and daughters and fathers and mothers, in moving forward, draw apart and move, not together, but alone. Urges Better Understanding. Fathers and mothers, learn the Jan- guage of your children. Know their thoughts even better than you know their actions. For. their tragedy of modern youth is rather the tragedy of modern "parenthood. If it involves the lives of three children and the suffering of their parents as the one tragic necessity of arousing the parenthood and the teacherhood of America to a better understanding of responsibilities, it will have been a horrid evil not without its good. Are these boys insane? It is very difficult to believe that two boys of such brilliant mentalities could both be insane. That is a question for the alienists. The State will undoubtedly have eminent specialists who will prove they are sane. The defense will have those equally eminent who will prove they are not. Yet we cannot escape the fact that KEYSTONE VIEW, JUDGE BEN LINDSEY. both of these boys had perfect free- dom of will and entire freedom of moral on. There never has been a case in which this could be better shown by the lengtn of time spent in planning their crime. It would seem that some kind of insanity may have accounted for the conduct of the stronger mentality of these two char- gsters, as T belleve Nathan Leopeld, T, is But in searching for causes, much more satisfactory conclusions, it seems to me, may be drawn from the lives and environment of these boys and the effect of all of that upon their minds. Here we find things that might have been avoided by more dil- igent parents or teachers. There was a pampered existence and an utter indifference to the rights of others, an utterly selfish life al- lowed to take its own uninterrupted course, a native precocity permitted to take a reckless and unbridled path where it would, with the advantages of an intensive education more ma- terial than moral, and with no kind of intimate contict with or under- standing by the parents of what was #oing on underneath in those fervid, brilliant, unbridled yet childish minds. Unheard-0f Egotixm. I am sure it was never suspected by parents or teachers. In these things, far more than in any theories of insanity, I find the reason for this dire tragedy—their self-importance, their self-esteem aided by their sta- tion in life, the great wealth of their families, all fed an unchecked and unheard-of exotism developed by an education directed by immaturity and not maturit All of these things, with adolescent irresponsibility for conduct—as sure- Iy as the law admits it in youth when dealing with property—had much to do with shaping their minds to the commission of such a horrid deed. Opposes Hangzing. 1 think the attorneys for these two boys are to be commended for their action in throwing them upon the mercy of the court. hould be punished, of course. hould be placed bevond the bility of again inflicting the innocent with the results of their perverted minds. But they should not be hanged. To my mind that would be only adding one crime to another. It would only be the un-Christlike doctrine of ven- geance trying to solve the results of ignorance and violence. It might sat- isfy the mob, it might satisfy ourtra- | dition and conventions of ignorance, | it might rid the world of two now | mentally misshapen youth. But it would not rid us of our problem. In the solution of that, which is the only good that may come out of this evil, it would be much better to leave these boys to be mercifully experi- mented upon by society, instead of unmercifully taking their lives in the name of vengeance, or of permitting them to experiment upon others by being at large. Copyright, 1924, in United States, Canada and Great Britain by North American Newspaper Alliance. . All rights resersed. SUIT WOULD STOP SALE. Imperial Apartment House Involv- ed in Litigation. Suit to prevent .the advertisement and sale at auction of the Imperial Apartment House under a deed of trust given to secure a note of Hugh J. Phillips, former president of the corporation, was filed today in the District Supreme Court by the lm- perial Apartment House Company, Howard W. Phillips, Hugh J. Phillips, jr.; Albert J. Phillips and Sidney H. Phillips, against the Bal- timore Trust Company, the State Bank of Maryland. Richard M. Duvall, trustee, and Hugh J. Phillips. The plaintiffs claim the note se- cured on the property represents the personal obligation ~of the former president and should be paid by him and the company exonerated and held harmless. Attorneys H. Winship Wheatley and Walter B. Guy appear for the plaintiffs. o COAL SCHOOL PLANNED. Public Can Learn Best Way to # Handle Furnaces. Recalcitrant furnaces, clinkers and banked fires need offer no difficulties to the householder next Winter if he heeds the advice to be given free of charge by the Coal Merchants’ Board of Trade be- ginning next week Eariy during the ! Coming week the coal merchants plan to open a service station, where experts will_explain in detail the management of furnaces and ranges burning coal. The exposition .will be a permanent measure to instruct the coal-burning public, and will be located at §24 lith street. A complete display of the newest types of furnaces and accessories also will be shown. —_—————— U. S. FUND APPORTIONED. $700,000 Divided for Public Lands Resurvey. Apportionment of the $700,000 ap- propriated by Congress for the sur- vey and resurvey of public lands during the present fiscal year was announced by the Interior Depart- ment today as follows: Alaska, $40,000; Arizona, $45.000; California, $40,000; Colorado, ¥48.00 Idaho, $40,000; Montana, ' §48,000; Nebraska and South Dakota, $35,001 Nevada, $35,000; New Mexico, $45,001 Oregon, $46,000; Utah, $48,000; Wash- ington, $25,00 Wyoming, $35,00 Eastern district, $48,000. Admini: trative expenses will total $122,000. WOOLWINE GRAVELY ILL. Transfusion Again Used to Save E . Lawyer. PARIS, July 25.—Thomas Lee Wool- wine, former_district attorney of Los Angeles, who has been suffering from a second attack of serious iliness, failed to maintain his recent improve- ment, and another blood transfusion was made Necessary yesterday- The aftending rhyslclu suppliegd the blood himself, but the patient’s con- Gition caused anxlety later. et Maj. Gen. McRae Transferred. Orders were issued by the War De- partment today; assigning Maj. Gen. James H. McRae, at Fort McKinley, Philippine Islands, to the command of the Philippine Military Depart- ment, with station at Manila. He will ‘relieve Maj. Gen. George W. Read, who will be retired November 19 on account of age and is about to Ireturn to the United States, Franks Slayer, Witness Says (Continued from First Page.) Underwood portable typewriter from the Jackson Park lagoon, was the first witness. 1it was the machine on which the Franks ransom letters were written. “Where was the first place you saw that typewriter?” asked Mr. Crowe. “On the bottom of the Jackson Park lagoon,” said Blair. Blair showed where he cut the let- ter “B” on the roller as an identifying mark. Mr. Crowe then made formal offer of the machine, and it was accepted without objection from the defense. Blair said the type keys were gone when he found the machine. The de- fendants' confessions stated they pulled these off with pliers to make difficult tracing of the ransom letters in case the machine was found. Drug Clerk Testifies. Percy Van De Bogart, a clerk in the drug store on Sixty-third street, where two telephone calls were re- celved May 22 asking for Mr. Franks, cr‘mher of the victim, told of that inci- ent. He said a young man's voice came over the telephone. The incident was part of the attempt to collect ransom from Franks' father, the store being one to which he was told to go await further instructions. Franks did not go because he had learned of his boy's death before the time came to keep the appointment. James C. Kemp, a porter in the drug store, told of a second telephone call to the store shortly after the first. George Porter Lewis, an amateur ornithologist, told of a conversation prior to May 22 in which Leopold dis- cussed the possibility of field work with the latter's class in ornithology, composed of small girls. On May 22, Lewis said, Leopold tele- phoned and made an appointment for the witness to take the class to Jack- son Park that afternoon. Passed Death Culvert. Mr. Crowe took the witness back to a trip made the previous Sunday by Lewis, Leopold and Sidney Stein, jr., to territory south of the city. The trip passed near the culvert where the Franks body was stuffed. Defendants Amused. “Leopold_took two or three shots at a rare bird there,” said Lewis. “Did_he hit it?" No,” and Loeb dug his elbow into Leopold's ribs at this exposure of the latter's marksmanship. Both chuckled. Lewlis then told of conducting the class of girls around Jackson Park on May The following Sunday Leopold told | the witnesses that he had been ques- tioned by the police about the Franks casy His name had been given to the police by a game warden. Leopold asked Lewis if he had lost his spectacles the previous Sunday. Lewis had not. He exhibited his spectacles to the court. They were | identical in appearance with the pair found near the culvert and which af- terward proved to be Leopold's Lewis said that the defendant asked him not to tell his parents of the incident. Police Officers on Stand. Capt. Thomas C. Wolfe of the police district in_which Franks' body was fgund said he first saw Leopold on May 25. “ou Leopold was in around the vicinity, birding,” he said. had been there May 17 and 18 with Stein and _Lewis, and that classes | from the Harvard School used to go there, and that he himself had been | a student at that school before enter- | ing the university. “Leopold said_everybody was talk- ing about the Franks case, that he knew the boy's father, but had no idea who committed the crime.” Capt. Wolfe then was shown the spectacles found near the culvert and | which he had turned in to Chief of Detectives Hughes. Wolfe_identified a statement writ- ten by Leopold on May 22. It was offered in evidence and Attorneys Bachrach and Darrow put their heads together over it. Leopold Statement Read. Mr. Crowe then asked Wolfe to identify the signature and the captain said “some one else” wrote the name and notations as to Leopold's address. The statement then was read. 1t proved to be a history of some of the defendant's ornithological trips, particularly the May 17 and 18 expe- ditions. | “Sunday, May 18, at the conclusion | of a day's birding, Sidney Stein, Lewis | and 1 drove along the west shore of | Hyde Lake to Hegewisch,” said the statement. Similar detail was given as to other incidents of the trip. The statement was admitted and Capt. Wolfe was excused without cross-ex- amination. , Howard Mayer, a University of Chi- cago newspaper correspondent, testi- fled he had known Leopold for a year. “I was told to_pick up whatever I could on_the Franks case,” said Mayer. “I met Richard Loeb on the campus at noon, May 23. We talked about the case and Loeb suggested that if Mr. Franks had gone to the Sixty-third street drug store he would have met the kidnapers. These kidnapers would not meet a man on a busy street like that, said Loeb. ‘They would only leave word for him.' " Slayer Offiers Lead. “Loeb suggested canvass the street, but I hesitated because I had some school work to_do. However, Alvin Goldstein_and James Mulroy of the Chicago News came along and we agreed to go. g“We worked west from Stony Island avenue and at No. 1465 found a porter who remembered the call for Mr. Franks. “Goldstein and Mulroy remained in our automobile because it was rain- ing, and Loeb said to me: “There! 1 told you we could find this. Now you have a scoop.’ Mayer said he explained this would not be ethical and they called the others in, questioned the clerk and porter and telephoned their stories to_their newspapers. “That is what comes of reading detective stories,” Loeb exclaimed to Mayer as they left the place. ‘Another conversation took place in the Loeb home on the morning of Decoration day. Loeb had been brought to his home by the investi- gators of the State's attorney’s office, who then had the young man in cus- tody for preliminary examination as a result of the finding of Leopold's glasses near the culvert. Held Arrest Lightly. Loeb joked with the witness there about the “boner” of the police in holding him for such a crime and regarded the whole matter lightly. Loeb was later permitted to confer privately with the witness in the State’s_attorney's office, when Mayer | advised Loeb to “tell the truth.” “Were you looking for a story then asked Mr. Crowe. “No, I was acting in the capacity of a friend trying to clear Loeb,” said Mayer. He then told of visiting Loeb for the first time in the county jail after he had confessed, with Leopold, of participation in the crime. On that occasion, he said, he acted in the capacity of a reporter instead of a friend of the prisoner, and learned nothing else of importance woncerning the execution of the youth's plans. Alvin Goldstein was the next wit- ness. On’ May 23, he said, he and Mulroy had “nothing much 'to do” for two hours, 8o they stopped to talk with Mayer and Loeb, having the conver- sation and experience “substantially as told by Mayer." Goldstein added the information that on the way back from the drug store Loeb was asked if he knew young Franks and replied: Called Franks “Little Pup.” “Yes and he is just the kind of a cocky little pup I would pick to kidnap. The expletive that accompanied this investigation disclosed that the habit of going of the culvert| He told me he Franks case and offered to get Mayer and his car for the trip to the drug store. “Dick and Howard went into the store,” sald Mulroy. “Alvin and I were arguing over some theory in the case and Loeb came running out, say- ing ¥The plac When | started to telephone the office, Loeb said: ‘Don’t use my name. On the way b: 1 asked Loeb whether Franks was the kind of a boy who would struggle against kidnapers and scare them into killing him.” Mulroy repeated the remark quoted by Goldsteln without hesitancy. Loeb, Leopold and their attorneys conferred with heads bunched for several minutes at this stage of the proceedings They wh time, “then them. Mulroy was excused and Goldstein recalled to tell of a conversation with Loeb the night of the day the body was found Goldstein said he told Loeb about the condition of the body and the defendant said: “Whoever committed should be strung up.” Sidney Stein, Leopold’s “birding" companion, said they had been to the vicinity of the culvert “10 times a year 5 years” on their trips. He cor- Toborated the story of the May 17 trip. A recess followed. On his return to the bench Judge Caverly said: Nothing is to be taken from this room without my consent. Yester- day some one took a big pitcher and heavy water glass into the bull pen, where the prisoners are. That might cause us a lot of trouble.” Charles Elds, a police officer, was called to identify further the cold chisel, used to kill Franks. He testi- fied he had received it from Bernard Hunt, the night watchman who yes- terday told of picking it up after it was thrown from an automobile at 1:30 a.m., May 22. Photographers Are Warned. Judge Caverly interrupted to warn some photographers back from a po- sition in front of the bench. “Keep on abusing your privileges and you will lose them sure,” he said. Frank A. Millikin, another police- man, corroborated Elos briefly. Hugh Byrne, a “plain clothesman” from the police departiment, told of finding near the culvert the stocking which Mrs. Franks identified as Robert's. It was found ten feet from the culvert, he said. The fourth successive police wit- ness was Edward F. Anderson, “part- ner” of Byrne. He further identified the stocking by a darn on the heel, which he had marked. Joseph Barousky, a sergeant in the city detective bureau, was questioned as to finding near Gary, Ind., the shoes, belt, buckle and classpin be- longing to young Franks. He said he and Sergts. R. St. Germain and M. "Hackett worked together in searching the lake shore at Seventy- third street Leopold, Stdte's Attorney Crowe. Chief Hughes and Capt. Shoemaker also were present he said. “I heard Iecopold say: ‘There is the blanket,’” said Barousky. “He pointed out a partly burned object which I helped wrap up in paper.” Identifies Bloody Robe. Barousky identified the automobile robe on which coroner'’s chemists found human blood. He said the next stop on the search was at Hessville, pered earnestly for some Leopold's father joined that crime Ind., where Leopald pointed to places | whera the belt and shoes had been thrown on either side of the road. Barousky said that after a search st “Garmain found the tan-colored shoes under leaves on a prairie. Those are the shoes,” sald Barousky when shown the exhibit. Then the officers searched vainly for the belt until dark, he said. The next day, Sunday, June 2, Loeb and Leopold both were taken on a ching trip. They stopped at Jack: son Park. where Loeb indicated “about™ where th ypewriter had been thrown. At Hessville Zioeb learned where the shoes had been found, went across the road and uncovered the belt, Barousky said “Within a radius of 20 feet we dug from the sand a class pin. St Germain found it,” the witness added. He identified the pin Tells of Finds. “Shortly afterward St. found a belt clasp in the sand," he continued. “Then I found & belt buckle.” “This is the buckle,” said Barousky, when shown State’s exhibit 27. ¥ Richard St. Germain. rather slender for a police officer, blinked his keen eves when he testified in corroboras tion of Barousky. “Please look at this belt,” said Mr. Crowe. e & not see the belt at all.” said St. Germain. On, yes. that is the one thing you 4id_not find,” sald the State's at- torney. St. Germain readily recognized the other obhjects. This exhausted the State’s morning and court suspended until 2 p.m. “Everybody out" admonished the baliffs. Evidence Soon to Be In. Prospects of completing by Monday the introduction of evidence against Leopold and Loeb loomed today as more witnesses added their stories to those already told. Thirty witnesses were scheduled to take the stand today. Tomorrow, i there is no delay, the confessions of the two millionaires: sons and. uni- versity students who said they killed for an experiment, will be read. Mon- day is expected to see State's Attor- ney Robert E. Crowe close his case and the defense begin its testimony, designed to mitigate the punishment. After that, the decision rests with Chief Justice John R, Caverly, upon whose merey ‘the defendants threw themselves when they plended guilty. Bit by bit the state has pieced to- gether the evidence on which it hopes to eend the youthful slayers jto the gallows. Scene by scene, through the mouths of its witnesses and by grue- some exhibits, it has re-enacted the elaborate getails of the plat that be- gan last November and ended with the confessions of'the youths. Technicalities Swept Aside. Technicalities of presenting evi- dence have been swept aside and the usual obstacles and objections inter- posed by the opposition have been Tacking ~ during . the proceedings, which are merely to inform Judge Caverly of the full details of the crime. Forty-seven of the less than a hundred State witnesses had been examined at the conclusion of the Second day's hearing vesterday. Tho chief exhibits vesterday were boots, trousers, a coat, laprobe, car- et chisel and automobile ' floor Boards, all stained with the blood of the victim., and Leopold's glasses, found near the body, the first tangi- ble clue In the slaying. Jokes About Bloodstains. At one time during the session, while the Leopold chauffeur was ex- Plaining how he found the boys try- Tng o wash bloodstains from the death car with soap and water, Loeb leaned toward Leopold, and in a Whisper that was audible to those nearby, declared: “It wasn't good soap.” Discussing yesterday's testimony given by former schoolmates and Servants in the boys' homes, Leopold said: “We are not angry at any of our friends who testified. T guess they DUNLOP TIRES “The World’s Best” was drawn from Goldstein after some persuasive questioning. James Mulroy, the second reporter for the Daily News, told how Loeb had fntroduced the subject of the Sold " by LEETH BROS. asd Selectsd Dealers. Germain | Judge verly, who alone will de- cide whether the millionaires’ sons will march to the gallows or the penitentiary, has received letters messages and telephone calls from persons throughout the country tell- ing him how to decide the proper punishment for the slayers One man called him from New York by telephone at 2:30 o'clock yester- day morning, and yesterday he re- ceived a telegram from a woman in Vancouver, B. C. advising him to cad a book on psychoanalysis before passing judgment. Another letter suggested several Bible passages to be read by the jurist befor he sen- tences the youths. All the letters go to_the polic ‘The chief justice now has instruct- ed telephone operators not to permit any one to annoy him with messages concerning the case. Four persons have been executed in Cook County (Chicago) on pleas of guilty to murder charges within the last thirty years, according to a list compiled by the prosecution. Ten others, ranging in ages from 18 to have been executed on verdicts juries, the list shows. It is bel that the State is preparing to sub- mit the list in arguing to Judge Cav- erly that the youth of the defendants is no bar to the infliction of the death sentence. The big legal battle of the pro- ceedings Is expected to develop when the defense starts The “degree of mental responsibility of the defend- ants” will be the field of this clash, with the defense striving to show it by the testimony of alienists and the State comhating the introduction of such testimon AD MEN FROM AMERICA WILL BE FETED IN PARIS Arrive Tomorrow for Four-Day Visit—Hotels /Are Crowded. By the Associated Press. PARIS, July —American and Canadian advertising men who at- tended the international convention in London and who will arrive here Sat- urday for a four-day visit, will find the city overflowing with visitors and the three largest hotels turning away would-be guests The French reception committee de- clares, however, that those of the ad- vertising men who have already ar- rived have all been accommodated at smaller, but equally good, hotels. Fifty members of the Associated Ad- vertising Clubs of the World, includ- ing several from Houston, Tex., where next year's convention will be held, arrived this morning. Sunday. the delegates will spend at Versailles, and on Monday they will be received at the Hotel Me Ville by the American Chamber of Commerce and ~ Presid Doumergue the Eiysee, a which they will dine with the President, with prominent French statesmen as the guests of honor. Tuesday they will be received by the Agence Havas, and in the after- noon will visit the Le Bourget Air Field, where a demonstration will e held for their benefit. Their visit will end with a gala performance at the opera in the evening. JURIST PAYS TRIBUTE TO AMERICA’S RELIGION Judge Manton Tells Convention U. S. Government Is by eved Eucharist Guided by Christian Ideals. By the Associated Press. | AMSTERDAM, July 25.—Although no official union between church and | state exists in the United States, there is no antagonism between the civil and religious authorities, Judge Martin T. Manton of the United States | District Court of Appeals declared yesterday in a report to the perma. nent committee of the American sec. tion of the Eucharistic Conference. of which he is_the New York mem- ber. Bishop Francis C. Kelly of Oklahoma was elected chairman of the American section. In his report Judge Manton de- clared that the American administra- tion always was guided by Christian ideals and recognized the existence of | a superintending Providence. ~He pointed out that every president in voked the aid of the Heavenly Father | and every inaugural proclamation of Congress opened with a praver. Dr. Bryan of Colorado discussed | religious conditions in the West and paid a tribute to Bishop Kelly as the | founder of the Unification Society. | The Rev. . Van Nistelroy of Kimberly, Wis., reported for his dis- trict and recommended further three- day retreats. Mgr. Francis A. Purcell, rector of the Quigley Seminary of Chicago, de- clared that the people must be brought to confession and stated that Cardinal Mundelein, by his example in always being ready to hear confessions, had caused the daily | communions to reach 2,000 in the| Chicago Cathedral. e PLAN OPEN-AIR CLOSE. Bible Students to End Convention in Stadium Service. COLUMBUS, Ohio, July 25.—Plans for a great open-air meeting Sunday at the Ohio State University Stadium as the closing spectacle of the con- vention of the International Bible Students’ Association, were an- nounced today. Judge J. F. Ruther- ford, president of the association, will deliver the address. After their “campaign of service delegates resumed their Biblical studies today. Tomorrow 700 of them will_be baptized. STUDEBAKER Just Drive It; That'’s All STRENGTH GROWS British Writer Declares Italy Is More Prosperous and Contented Than Ever. By the Associated Pres LONDON, July 25.—The govern- ment of Premier Mussolini is stronger than before the Matteotti crisis there is not the smallest possibility that the leader will be overthrown and Italy is contented and prosperous than it has ever been, ac- cording to the conclusion of a special correspondent whom the Mail sent on a mission to Rome The per gives prominence to the correspondent’s report, which fills nearly four columns and consti- tutes what probably is thewmost un- qualified panegyric ever upon the Italian premier by a foreign publication. The correspondent in part: “To enter Italy the most cheerful land It is the only country abounds, where spirit and vouthful vigor are everywhere visible and where there cerfginly has been great and wonderful development “I have been deeply the signs of proszress ment. There has | revival of indust peninsula.” These encomiu re made according to the writer, by ities of the Mussolini adn which the correspondent declares a great contrast 1o the governments He admits that there were some critical moments during ex- citement which followed the kidnaping and slaying of the deputy Matteotti says the position is now as and the Matteotti case is to_exercise public opinion correspondent enthusiastic over the Italian dictator's personality, his earnestness, austerity of demeanor and life. Recording a personal in- terview with him. the writer says that Mussolini “only once indulged i mirthful laughter.” and when the interviewer te people said the premier wis attend the London conferen be overthrown in his absence Conditions in Italy are contrasted with th of Great Britain by the ccrrespondent to England's great d advantage. Concluding art the writer says “If by any mischance Mussolini were overthrown now, the effect would shake the whole of Europe and bring chaos and destruction perceptibiy nearer."” more Daiiy news bestowed today is to in Europe where hope enter by advane ablc the ipressed and en a remar throughout possil the act nistrati Tege o stabl. gl HOUSING BILL ADVANCES. By the Assoclated Press LONDON, July 25.—The Commons today passed the t} ing of the government's he after the opposition’s motion jection had been defeated by 131, The bill as originally drafted had been a good deal altered during the committee stages, but its framework remained intact House of d read sing bil re- 226 1 Health Is endangered in try- ing to LIVE in a noisy, stuffy FLAT. You know the Best Living is in a Home, so GIVE LIFE A CHANCE. Scores of people are PROV- ING THIS IN THESE BHURIETH HOMES At 36th and R Sts. N.W. Washington'’s lowest prices and terms that are proving A GREAT SUC- CESS. WHY PUT OFF? TO INSPECT By auto. drive across the Q Street Bridge, tur north ome block to R Street and drive due west to 36th Street (right _next the Western High School). Or take P Street car to 35th Street and walk north to R Street. o Wisconsin, Agpmue car to eet an west to 36th Street. HANNON LUCH Realtors, Owners and Builders Attractive Detached Homes West Chevy Chase First Time Offered VACANT Open for Inspection Call Main 727-5702 Evenings and Sunday for Appointment Price, $5,650 Very Easy Terms Six rooms and bath, colonial porch, hot-water heat, clectric lights, summer water heater, newly papered and painted and in excellent condition throughout. Plenty room for garage. Long lot to alley. One block from car line. This home at this price cannot be duplicated anywhere in the city of Washington. ‘J. Dallas Grady 322 Maryland Bldg. 1410 H St. N.W. Main 727 Member Washington Real Estage Board