Evening Star Newspaper, April 13, 1924, Page 43

EVERYDAY RELIGION By RT. REV. JAMES E. FRE "EMAN, D. D.. Bishop of Washington. THE Matthew d, s CITY'S NEED. <AL the s this?™ 8t *1.10 Who city was nation of cities, More are drifting the »pen more country the restricted with tendeney has been it have » problems that most Aong gTow nopulat out centers of > aZes men have weon 5 revolved Indecd, about great arked Al ve those hu- interests of the Carthage that have race. Rome Athens—what incomprenensible hun e Jurisprude have tion fre ross ex- t enter- 1 Art ea these cit witnes ture. science, th religion re- rived much of their n € great center alm Sunday. city whose v of uence lends t that Jesus that o it on that 1 “Palm o, His strange touched this eity distinction m. ries cated provoking hand ent and on th suspici n of dis on th reve hat and br un; admiration wther bitter on - of the re up to ever = ad con £ twelve had astounded the i the great re- amazing wisdom ision. Agaln, He the fullness of His its sacred tempie defiled with uss and customs that wern repellant and unwholesome. With fiery indignation, He had d en with knotted whin cons the traf- ficker and the trader forth >wi_upon His head their scorn “tions. Indeed. it wa neident that so provoked the and hatred of the autho they conspired to take Hi all these events, He of His. nation inating its fas and lewen: d He rasalem ity when mple precincts tors of the nists W « derp) had e manhood. 1 set ki to He 1 child hoHi piritual find and ities that tions ction. Ove kiil- them often which stonest hu and o thee thy ct gather her win o would w at length come on. bring from the | attractive | Within our genera- | proud | this | nd in its | this | iidren | prem. her | obediently to His will | tragic | 1 ministry had reach clouded v | that supr | Close his that of but 1 its climax. With moving on was to ine love worid misunderstood and interpreted His divine mission Acclaimed By City. In this last event in which His d to the city, He was claimed as ne before, and for while He seemed to be coming to place of supreme power as a of the acclaimed erowds un- me end for m th ople Him, and the seemed to have fallen the spell of His pov 1t was momentary and within the space of few short days, devotion was turn to bitter hatred and those who h d Him as the roval Son of David, were lond in their cries, “Crucify Him Crucify Him!” Jesus was the enigma of the city. He is the enigma of the city today. Much that He represents. miich that He teaches, with the practices corporate life. One sometimes won- | ders what sudden coming tc ty today. ‘Th have ri to | when He walk. a twentieth cent t human condit higher level th 1 the streets of Jeru- salem. is clearly demonstrable. That His spirit is more rezmant hearts of men is also He is the mos in every place He is the most ok 2 in e men foregather, th t her revereneed of all Sa rles Shakespeare should ente should rise to do him homage, but Jesus should enter. 1 should kneel be [ fore Him in adoration.” Werld More Receptive. More and more ng to as the insuperable problems of our modern life confront us that thelr solution lies in a ened recogni- tion of the person and Him upon whose sublime life the world's vision is focused today. His coming to Jerusalem lifted it for the while into a place of supreme distine- tion. The coming of His spirit to our later city life. if rigntly interpreted nd adequately obeyed, must | reformation o far-reaching cance. 1lle comes again to a more re- ceptive world than the one that knew Him over ninet. centuries ago. are bound to believe presently His mighty to have their ereis their im- mediate apph those problems that have disturbed a through generation little worth that the eit sayving, “Who is this unless it is prepared to nowledge His su- cy and reverently and we are co fres It is of be moved. to bow t, 1924, by Current News Features, Tarorpora ted. ) League of Nations Useful, But Has No Great Power! st Page.) oue after an- ose of Austrian huanian valley in and difticy mous whicl file t eva is pigeonh matters aw aln disposed those wr ling hu i up ne teworthy deg Wwith and f me irie downward, nd spoke with a frankness which leave me t debtor ! the impression that were ioin K stru chine with the hat o this machine might be for application to greater Europe. T am bound to underlying concept to have its origin rither adition of civil service erican and necessarily tion of moral influ hing is a little ult to what I mean s that the achine tl tions she rather than 1o would compe! i ailable ¥ say that the [ might be av. gree to u: a foree which kon with id rigani Orizinal ldea Cartailed. Bey all the league. from Geneva, gave the impression institution rather than idea, that the idea which was the founda- tion of the league had passed through an enormous measure of reduction in u expressed in the present You could under- st governments, per- all governments, would find it a nighty convenie thing to which to r Guestions of opium traflic, white slave trade, even the financial admin ation of nkrupt sion in and Hungary, And 1 that it was feei the injustice that the leaguc had and could do nothing addition it was manifes;t what an caleulable benefit must flow even m the relatively restricted contact men of ma tions, restricted, after all, only the minor < 'sent considerable representa- And in a Burope which, until has been separated by so many ind still ix, this has its val- Perhaps, than anywhere else continent at this moment, you va the first faint BEuropean state mind velop. ¢l about the league of present incarnation is r the great or even the powers can agree as belween Ives, the league of nations will admirable body to fol ulate the zreement and see it applied. And in the same sense it is manifest that hen other nations disagree, but do not want to fight, reference to the league wil be & simple escape. Now, would be foolish to say that th + nothing, that it is not. on the co trary, a material gain, There is some- thing Geneva which has done and will continue to do a useful thing which has not been done before and needs 1o be done Powers Are in Doubt. But that the league of nations con- situtes, in its present state or in a tuture which may be based upon its present prospeets, a body which ean terially affect the relations of the great powers to the extent of pre- venting wars, that it has become or < becoming the vehicle of expression of world opinion. that it has acquired moral authority which in aoy asurc approximates what was hoped for it and rather rashly claimed for it, {his seems to me, after my ex- serience, a matter of speculation, at ‘nd el seen an an 1n bein done races of a ginning to What vou fi ations in i t whenev Dealing with minor questions. the league has done well, but the moment >ou go from Geneva to any capital in ilurope . vou feel at once that all ma ur questions remain where they were. i is Germany. France and Great Brit i which will determine the repara- “ions scttlement. if there is a settle- Geneva will not Influence or other the question of a scttlement. At most, if there is a set- tlement in terms, Géneva may be call- ~d upon to_oversee the application of he term= Tts role will be passive not active. Tt can receive, it cannot give, i can accept, but it cannot influence, and as far as I can see it has no great nelipation to influence. And that is perbaps exactly what I mean when 1 | which hope | 1 | i | vital interest. T said that it tended to becBme 19s tutionalized New there the question rope presently being ke Geneva a to somethin wo other phases of of all. will Eu- turn to the machine -t up on the shores 1d seck to transform larger and what Mr. Wil- | mil- ment many mos and at on: one can although is MacDonald has given a hint of such be t if thes it true more than one. purpose. muy reparations settlement. If there is general agreement the larger sues, that once this gareement is made the enter into its own. at is what w that the thin e question. But over agal stands the unlikelihood that tatesmen of great nations, them selves e d directly by the people, lingly abandon their control foreizp policies of their na- tions, particularly when. as in BEu- rope, foreign policy is the largest and most dignified gccupation of a stat man. Just as lom: tritain sends Lord Parmoor and Fra Hanotaux, you may conclude that the British and French cabinets will cos tinue to direct their representatives at Geneva and that the influence cf London and Paris upon Geneva will be greater than that of wither, "> the ticipation. The second question that me as an American is naturally whether actual contact with Geneva has given me any definite reaction with respect of American participa tion. 1 must say qu frankly in an- swer that such cotions as I have had, have been cmphatically against Americn participation by member- <hip. More and more the league is tending to become a pan-European congress. a_meeting place for Euro- peans and the place where exclusive- - Buropean questions arc disposed of. That 1 have tried to explain seems its greatest hope. That Europe may some day develop form of United States. hov different from ours, that it must some way by which the various ces can live on the continent with- out wars which more and more surely threaten the extinction of Kuropean civilization, seems to me axiomatic. Concei ly the league may become that thing, just conceivably, but in an: cvent the more successfully it becomes a KEuropean meeting place. the less reason and the greater danger of American participation, for. as the problems become more and more parochlally European, the greater the disadvantages of the intermingling of Americans with matters which are outside their experience and their asked Already our state department has recognized the value of co-operating with the league in certain of its activ- ities, notably opium traflic, inevitably the league decreases as a political factor in America this co-operation will increase. Thers are a Whole range of later financial matters in which American bankers, if not the Ameri- can bankers are likely to desire to be represented. Now and again, as re- cently over Memel, there arises a question to the settlement of which all parties concerned invite an Ameri- can _collaborator. And Norman H. Davis' service in this regard is likely to lead to repetitions of the invita- tion. Security Chicf Work. Yet, laying aside these special cases, one has to recognize that to succeed in a large way the league must main- 1y grapple with purely Buropean problems of security, quite as much | as reparations, that the settlements must in the nature of things invalve some form of guarantees and I can- not believe that the American people will consent or should be asked to participate in such guarantees. If 1 may briefly sum up my first- hand impressions of the league. I would say that it seems to me first of all that its actual achievement has | been underestimated in America and that, at least in its present form, there remains no basis for the old ap- prehensions based upon the super- state idea. It has become a useful and effective machine. which is likely to continue and certain to increase in In- fluence and importance as a European circumstance. On the other hand it is not today any real factor in the great problems. Whether it may becomé the agency for world peace which Mr. Wilson dreamed is still problematical. (Copyright, 1924, by the McClure Newspaper - Smdtsaled life was drawing to its close. hree short years to| ais- | the | leader With enihusiagn thes | turbutent under but : at variance of our complex, would be the effect of His the teachings of | mean | signifi- | We | d distracted us | more | “THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, . ©. BY HERBERT COREY. of these days we, &s « people, will be ag smart 2 the Swedes. Or. at least, we may be. Jilam B. Greeley points out that we are beginning to brighten up. The national noodle is, so to say, being {rubbed on the grindstone of necessity. Shiny spots are beginning to appear ,on it. It is only a metter of time—— This is by no means a literal ren- dering of the chief forester's remarks. No person holding an appointive posi- tion under the national governmeht could by any possibility be so frank There would be a dirt farmer in hi in no time. Yet the conclusion we are by no means as smart a people as we think ourselves, but that we are getting smarter, might, 1 think, be drawn from Col. Greeley's statements. “We are learming,” he said. this is not a literal quotation. us fast as we might. that Again “Not But learning.” Studied Trees and Knows Them. He meant about the value of trees, of course. Trees have occupied the major portion of Col. Greeley's wak- | ing thoughts since as a child he was ken out of the walk-around chair and given an ax to play with. He born in Oswego. N. Y., in 1879, and New York was in touch, at least, h the great northern forests. Then went to Californiaz and lived |among the big trees as a boy of ten. {Yale Forest School put a finishing {touch to his education, and then he {headed for the big woods agaln. So i{he came to be chief forester of the {forestry bureau in good time. But the point i9 that he loves trees. Let's get back to the Swedes. {Sweden is a rocky. cold, jcountry where the soil is so very poor that a farmer cannot even raise a flag. A warm summer in Sweden would be considered a desperately early fall anywhere else. Yet the Swedes have Imanaged to live comfortably, raise large families of pink and white chil- dren and maintain their independence for several cemturies. One reason is li!\ll they preserve their forests We {destroy our forests. But Col. Greeley cays we arc learning better. “Our eyes are being opened to the cash value of a tree.” says he. Did Valuable War Seryice. The Swedish forests will be an asset to that small land forever, be- use they are carefully managed. Tree cutting is conducted under di- reetian of the government foresters, and so is tree planting. There 1s no reason why Sweden's most profitable crop should not continue to bear in porpetuity. During the war Forester Greeley was leutenant | colonel of that expansible unit known s the forestry section in he directed the operations of he enuld get under way almost as quick- Iy as a fire engine. They were of ltmmense value to the American Army, then in need of every sort of lumber {from entanglement stakes to bung- star.crs in a hurr jut had zovernment and obedienée to fell trees in the city owned forests the rules of the French foresters” said he. “We Americans were only in France for the day—just to win the war. The French proposed to go on living there and so they preserved their forests s carefully as though war had never been heard of. We were ailowed to five-year growth of trees, in peace tima we could have in inclement | There are large parts of it | Chiet | Franee, | Chief Forester Wil- ; WILLIAM B. 1 | cut only|one i forests were Well, ther forest ranks with a 1 edged investment. One year with an- other they pay from 4 to 6 per cent, and will go on paying that dividend torever, because they are cared for. About the time of the war of 1570 French farmers went through some- thing the same experience that are farmers are going through now one would stay down on the after they had seen the Cafe de la Paix. Thousands of acres were per- | mitted to grow up in underbrush be- | cause there was no one to grub it out. When the farm hand returned to his own again the farmers had dis- coveged that this woodland yielded better profit, often, than the cropped | land did. So the trees stayed. It encouraged the planting of | 2,000,000 acres of barren sand on the French lands in trees. They were not worth a nickel a section before Now they bring in a fat 6 per cent year. Tt will not be very long, Greeley says, before will realize the value of the tree, for lumber is now costing almost as much in our eastern states as it costs in Europe Hence we will soon be protecting and planting trees, just as they do in Eu- { rope. There are mighty few primeval forests in Iurope. The trees. have largely been planted, just as they are carefully preserved. “It n't our fault that we acted year's growth preserved But the reason. A French nk as a gilt- ol. we | tne GREELE wastefully with our trees; ley says When Col. Gree- the Puritans landed there were 822,000,000 acres of forest in this country. Of that area §0,000,000 acres are now as barren as a stone- pile. The trees were cut off, burned off, the soil was washed off, so that land is almost valueless today. Centuries may be needed to restore some of it to use. Two hundred and fifty million acres have been cut over, but is returning to forest status .gain, there are 150,000,000 acres in the farm woodlot and possibly 104,- 000,000 acres that were once wooded have been cleared for cultivation, for the building of cities, the laying out | »f roads and the like. remains to us 138,000,000 acres of for- est that are still virgin No doubt we had to cut off our for- ests at the rate we did, just as we had | to kill the buffalo and thin down the ! vital statisties of the Indian. Now- ! adays lumber is costing so much and | the end of our forests is so definite]y in sight that every one is agreeing | that it is necessary to conserve our | forest resources. ! Even the big lumbermen, once wed- | ded to a policy of cut-and-run and the most violent oppoments of any | effort to save the forests, are one by one giving their support to the gov-| ernment’s policy. But that policy is| not merely to save the trees. but to| consider the forests as farm Iandxi And there still | | | vears. | profitable |had never before |now is from which a crop can be taken un-I nually, just as they do in Sv\cdcn,l just as they do in ¥rance or in t;or-l many. | If that policy had not been adopted | we would have se¢n the end of our| American-cut lumber in thirt { Now there really is no reason why we ever should see the end of | it it farmers and lumbermen use | common sense. By the time the ar now virgin is fully cut over the arca now coming up in second growth will come on, and that should carry until a new second growth into the market. All that, of course, if all hands preserve instead of | squander. Col. Greeley thinks they | will. He is an optimist. He'thinks we will soon the Swedes, ve comes be as smart as Lumbermen Changing Their Policy. | Down in Louisiana a great lumber | company has policy. | Where it used to cut over and then | sell its land, it is now cutting care- fully and holding Its forests, handled in that way, will pay in- creasing profits to the end of the world. changed its on. Other companies, clsewhere, are doing the same thing. The little town of Cloquet, Minn., was burned | over and completely destroyed, along | with its surrounding forests, a few vears ago. Far-sighted men backed its rebuilding, and mills are doing a business there on the scraps that had never before been considered, and on soft woods that been cut. Paper pulp, compressed boards, toothpicke, clothespins, all sorts of things are being made from material that had always before been waste. And the business should go on forever. “But how about the farm woodlot?" ! I asked. “Can the farmer make an | annual profit from his little pateh of | woods?" * He can if he will. In fact, he can- not afford not to watch his woods. Mortgages are being lifted from what | we used to call the “abandoned farms" of New England by the neglected woodlot. Farmers living about Win- chester, Mass., have been trained to make an annual cutting from their woodlots, taking omly the mature trees, and thereby enabling prosper- ous box factories to operate. Wood- land is increasing in value evers-| where, for our use of wood products | is increasing ratably. : It Pays to Grow Timber Now. “It pays to grow timber now, a crop. id | of course, | Col. Greeley. more or less according to In Alaska there is a reserve of pulp | | wood that will, when put under con- tribution, be good annually for a mil- lion and a half tons of paper until the end of time. Our national forests, guarded and cropped, will produce 000,000,000 board feet cach year for- ever. That isn’'t much, maybe, in face of the fact that our annual production 53.000,000,000 Loard feet, but it will help. And then, of course, there is the chance that we may wake up to the profit to be found in sav- ing timber. “The Swedes learned” e Greeley. “The French learnewm shouldn't we?” “But are we tion.” “Slowly." said Col. Greeley 1y. But we are learning.” Why ? That is the big ques- “Slow- { complished much j hustling and bustling. land take our b | sea VIL.—Taking oucester, Mass., the lead ng and manly lot of men who had ac- ings. Among them w: this: “We that it was time to take their latitude time glance at the compass and and longitude, that is, to find the is usually done by sightinrg through the readings. Generally only the cap- Just Where Are You? ‘when affairs,—town, business, or per- bearings—to see where they were and rect way to the desired port. the great need of men today—espe- factories and stores who are striv- pulling, crowding and hunting, but even knowing where they are really ing one's latitude and longitude. BY ROGER W. BABSON, URING my boyhood days in citizens were retired sea cap- tains. They were a sturdy These sea captains had many quaint but impressive say- had better stop and take our bear- ings.” By thesc words they meant and longitude. Aboard ship one can easily and at tell the direction in which the ship is traveling, but to take the latitude exact location of the ship at a given time, is quite a different matter. This special instruments at noon when the sun is shining and then figuring out tain and the mate are able to “stop and take bearings." After retiring from sea life, these sca captains still used this phrase sonal—were going too fast, and they felt it was time to- stop and take for what they were headed and whether or not they were on the cor- To statisticians and analysts of conditions this certainly seems to be ctally of American business men and the Younger generation in colleges, ing to become business men. All are pushing and without any clear-cut notion of lo- cation, and in many cases without bound or how to reach the desired port. Hence the importance of tak- It is not enough that every one be busy. Many are busy, trying to get sometbing for nothing. The burglar | is a ve busy man at times. Many are crowding, simply to get the other fellow's position. Many are hurry- ing. to get under cover so they will not have to work. Many are seeking. to do as as possible. All of us. how chasing one another womething must be ahead which we should sce or get. Why? Because svery one else is going after it. So wa strive 1d crowd from the cradle to the grav the me thing. But we do all without any clear idea of what we are siriving for or whether or not we are going in a direction which will really give us what we want. So the great need of tod. in all nations and among all grou s that we stop and take our bearings. “Stop. look and listen,” the sign of danger at railroad crossings, should be hung over the desk of every business man and student Until we do thus stop earings, we are wasting a tremendous amount of good mate- rial and energ Are You Headed Right? Statisticians are often greatly amused at the talks of some eff experts. These experts are gr efficiency—but for what purpose? The aptain may be the fastest and most “efficient” sailor on the ocean, but if he cannot take his latitude and longitude, his efficiency is of no ac- count. When we are headed in the wrong direction, the faster we go the worse off we are. Paradoxical may seem, often the more efficient apparently are. less efficient we really are. We must beware of the blind leading the blind. step in becoming eflicient is to headeo in the right direction believing that Bet and When ext in a farm yard, ~er . dish of meat scraps somme -aickens. Instead of throw- ng out the scraps one by one, put the entire plate on the ground and watch what happens. At first the chickens will simply stand around and lock at the plate. If it is the first plate they have ever seen, it will | be some time before one has the in- itiative and courage to go to the plate and take anything out of it. ! Finally one chicken ventures to seize . The Story the Week Has Told BY HENRY W. BUNN, The following is a brief summary of the most important news of the world for the seven days ended April 12 * * ¥ ¥ = The British Empire—On April 7 the labor government was defeated in the British common: 1 to 212, on the much-debated rents bill, but the dispatches fail to make the cir- cumstances clear, except that much { passion was aroused and violent lan | guage was bandied. | " The government did not ses fit to ? resign, but gave its support 10 a new | | | ibill dealing with the same subject and entitled “Prevention of B tions,” in the hope of getting amended to its satisfaction. Debate on the new bill has been proceeding with even greater vio- lence than on the rejected one. In | response to insulting language and la threatening gesture, Col. Amory, formerly first lord of the admiralty, landed one on the jaw of a labor { member. The prime minister has not shown his customary address in the recent debating; he is probably over- worked. % $ | The South African parliament is to {be dissolved. This is important, as there is a strong likelihood that a nationalist majority will be brought in by the new elections, in which { case the nationalist agitation for-a republic may be revived. * % % ¥ Germany.—The reports of the com- mittees headed, respectively, by Gen. Dawes and Mr. McKenna were sub- mitted to the reparations commission on April 9. The very briefest digest | of the principal findings and recom- | mendations of the Dawes committes ;fouows: 1. The immediate object of the committee's plan is to procure pay- { ment_of reparations by Germany to {the limit of her capacity. Such “capacity payment” must presuppose restoration of normal economic and fiscal _cbnditions in the reich. | 2 That restoration must presuppose restoration of Germany’s credit, inter- nal and external, and the latter must presuppose restoration to the reich of fiscal and economic_unity—that is, the present Franco-Belgian economic regime in_the occupied territory must go. 3. But if the present “sanctions’ are to be relinquished it does not follow that all should be left to German “good will.” Adequate safeguards of allied in- securities” and a system of allied con- i trol mot the less cffective because con- trived not to embarass normal ecco- nomic functioning. That control must be rigid precisely in the degree that German co-operation may be lacking. posed control is one of the striking features of the plan. - 4. The initial problems of supreme importance are the interdependent ones of stabilization of the currency and balancing of the budget. As the first essential toward the former, & new bank issue is proposed (using, perhaps, the present Rejchsbank as a& basis), which ‘should have the exclusive righi it terests must be substituted; “‘productive | The adjustablo character of the pro- | | during fifty years to issue paper money | n Germany. the paper money now in | circulation to be withdrawn therefrom. | The machinery of allied control pro- posed for the bank duly tenders Ger- | man self-love; unobtrusive supervision, | rather, it should be called, if the Ger- l mans show good will. | The balancing of the budget calls for | a just and efficient system of taxation. the busic principle thereof to be that | the burden of German taxation shall be | not less, not greater, than the heaviest taxation burden laid on any of the | creditor mations. (This does not imply that the rates of taxation shall be the | { same as the highest allied rates, but | § (Continued from First Page.) ‘Deginning of the trouble. It is ail- mitted that the reason wheat must be sold below the cost of production is on account of the exportable surplus. It would seem a fair question, then, to ask: Why grow a surplus? 1If in- stead of growing a crop of 850 mil- lion bushels there had been grown only the 700 million bushels which domestic consumption requires, the | American grower would not have had | to accept the world price, but would have gotten the world price plus the protective tariff. Under the flexible tariff law President Coolidge in- creased the tariff on wheat, effective last week, from 30 cents to 42 cents a bushel. So, if there was no swrplus for export and the world price was 51 a bushel, the American farmer | could today be getting $1.42 a bushel { for his wheat, and he would not be in | distrese. The 42 cents tariff is within 3 cents 2 bushel of the possible maxi- mum_rate under the present basic schedules, but if that is not sufficient protection to give the farmer a square deal Congress would readily grant and the country would acclaim a higher basic rate. The objection is raised that farm- ers could never be brought to agree to cut down on their cash crop. Why could they not be brought to such an agreement, if they are 'sensible men looking for a sensible way out of their difficulties? Having had the experience of growing 850,000,000 bushels at a loss of $127,500,000. wouldn't it be an agreeable change | for them to do less work in growing a crop of 700,000,000 bushels at & profit of $189,000,0007 Other Uses for Land. Nor would the wheat acres thus | abandoned necessarily lie idle. There |are other farm crops which the world !still has to buy from us at a fair | price, pork products being prominent among them. . .Also the onme-crop wheat farmer could with advantage grow more of the things he uses on his own table and thus heip reduce the cost of his llving. That the wheat farmer should re- ! duce his production to domestig.Jre: Drastic Remedy Is Urged To Cure Ills of Wheat Grower| | the bonanza wheat farmer in America | by war-time prices. that the total burdens shall be alike.) - 5. Payments to the allied repara- tions account to be made from the following sources: (a) The ordinary budget. (b) Railway bonds and the trans- port_tax. (c) Industrial debentures. A complete moratorium is not con- templated, but it is proposed that there be an ‘“introductory period during which payments shall be grad- uated, rising from a total of one bil- on gold marks in e first year to pproximately two and one-half bil-| lions in the fifth vear, the initial pormal year.” (This amount to be | i | quirements probably would be an un- fair and unsound proposal were there | any prospeets that conditions will so change that he can grow wheat and gell it at profit in the world market But there is no such prospect. On the contrary, there is every prospect that ho will be at an increasing disad- vantage in compefition with wheat growers in newer lands. The day of 1 gone by. The fertility of his soil been depleted by his one-crop | tem and the price of furm lunds has gone up, us has his standard of | living and therefore his cost of living. | Higher prices for world’ wheat would serve only to stimulate expansion in . the newer and cheaper wheat lands. | the present huge production of which is the result of expansion stimulated And there still is Russia to come beck as a wheat exporting nation. There is every rea- son to believe that the end of the five. year period of the McNary-Haugen Dill would find the American wheat growers no better circumstanced to meet world competition than he is today, A Sounder Permament Policy. It is very much to be doubted, therefore, if the McNary-Haugen bill has in it the possibility of permanent relief for the wheat grower. Limiting of production to domestic require- ments does hold the possibility of per- manent relief. There is not much room for expansion of the wheat area in this country, 5o it is a reasonable expectation that in fifteen or twenty years increased population will pro- | vide a. domestic market for_ cvery| bushel that can be grown, In the! meantime, the farmer probably would not make as much money as he would with an unlimited market at a gov- crument-upheld price, which would | bring in all the “fringe” acreage, but | he would have learned diversification, which for all time would be the soundest possible insurance against the consequence of crop failures, There was a time when the export of bread srains was a necessary plank in our national economic plat- form. It is not a necessary plank to- day. With our other cxports and our credits abroad we are able to pay for a great deal more than we need to! buy without growing wheat at a loss Lo balance our exchgnge, has ha: | to bear ! cent for interest and 1quence in better plight than it was | { with the meat scraps will be left for | secured by the provision that taxes on customs, alcoliol. tobacco, beer and sugar shall be deposited in the bank | of issue to the allied credit; the an- | nual balance in excess of the re- ! quired budget contribution, which | should be considerable, to be released | to the German government.) | The normal yearly total would be | derived as follows: (a) One and quarter billion | marks from taxation. | (b) Approximately one billion ! marks from the railroads. i (c) Three hundred million marks | from the industrial debentures. H The railroads to be turned over to | a joint stock company and capitalized | at 26,000.000.000 zold marks: 11.000.- { 000,000 whereof to be handed over in the form of bonds to the repara- | tions commission, said bonds i an annual burden of § interest and 1 per cent fund, and these payments anteed by the German gove It is proposed, moreover, that the ! present transport tax be continued i and paid over direct to the tions commission. Its vield i i lated at a minimum of marks. Thus an annual to bear per cent for for sinking o be suar- nment of | { about 900,000,000 marks would be secur- | ed. A net profit of 1,000.000,000 ma.r}:s! from the railroads. properly managed, is a minimum calculation. The period of the railroad conces- | sion to be of sufficient length to al- low of amortization of the bond | The management to be mainl man but close allied supervision pro- ed for, to be readily converted if | necessary, into rigid control. | Bonds or debentures of industrial | concerns to a total value of 5000.- | 000.000 marks to be delivered to the | reparations commission, these bonds ! an annual burden of 5 per | 1 per cent for|{ rman govern- | Ger- | sinking fund: the ment to guarantec the principal, and the interest and sinking fund pay- | ments. i 6. An immediate international loan | of 800,000.000 marks is proposed. to! put the new bank on its feet and to assist in financing essential deliver- ies in kind at the outset. . 7. A further provision of consider- able importance has to be noted. The “normal” or ‘“standard” total of annual payment is not definitely fixed at 2,500,000,000 marks. An “index of prosperity” is to be calcu- lated from an average of several years showings. and. if this denotes a German capacits 0 pag bevond the “normal” total (as %t certainly | should) that total will be increased within a modest limit. The modesty of the advantage taken should en- | courage German incentive. 8. The report animadverts strongly but not severely upon German fiscal | and financiah policy since the armi- stice. It substantially bears out the charge urged home by M. Poincare in | his Sunday “sermons.” | 1t shows how vast sums which should have been applied to repara- tion payments have in fact been appijed | to improvement of railroads, canals, in- | dustrial~ establishments, ete.; and | how Germany’s plant is -in conse. hefore the war to competc for in- dustrial and commercial supremacy. 1t implies due appraisal of sundry considerations which requirc much | study_ to their comprehension—such | as the significance of the effects of inflation in the extinguishment of | the public debts and of the cncum- { individual a morse] from the plate. What hap- pens? Do the other chickens go to the plate and eat also? No. The chicken which has secured the morsel runs away with it as fast as he can run. Immediately all the other chickens follow. Often they will trample over the plate in their desire to foilow the crowd. Often the plate souictime untouched while the chick- ns chase one another to take away from that ome lone bird the morsel which he ventured to obtain from the plate. Certainly if one wants an illus- tration of ignorant selfishness of mapy emplovers and many employes it is to be found in a barnyard Create Don't Covet. On the other hand, there is the chemist in his laboratory secking to find a way to check disease. At every point he stops and measures. tries a hundred methods and makes thousands of tests. He cares not what others are saving or doinz. He does not follow the crowd but blazes the trail for new discoveries, He has a goal—a goal which no one has found and which many say cannot be reached. He secks it just the same. fearlessly, tediously, and alone. This is the spirit which brings him success ~the spirit so much needed today by young and old—in the mills, the | market places. and the institutions of learning. Moreover, in taking our bearings we should think for curscives. It is well to talk and advise with friends, | but it is never well to leave the fin decision with them. The sea captain Who does not know how to take his latitude and longitude taking his course bearings does not adjust accordingly, is hopeless Those who, after consultation with others, are not willing or able to make their own decisions and abide by them are lost before they start The ability to make decisions is very fundamental to success. Probably the greatest decision which we are called upon to make is the port into which we are to direct ur lives. We shall never realize what true success is until we—each one of us—set a goal for our own life. The degree of our success depends very largely this goal. What this goal is depends almost wholly upon Fundamental decisions are largely the product of spiritual qualities. A man's character often has more to do | with his decisions than any informa- tion which he may acquire. Deci- sions, therefore, must not be based on material considerations alone. We must remounce the vain pretense of 1applying material methods to solving | spiritual problems. The scale and | yardstick should be applied in mak- ing decisions which determine suc- cess or failure: but the decision itself should be based on spiritual consid- erations. Do You Have Hunches? It is often said of successful men that they have wonderful “hunches.” They make decisions on the spur of the moment, and often their first de- cisions are the most valuable. This may or may not be true, but if it is true, it is due to the fact that these fir«t decisions are more spiritual and less material than the later ones When a man’s motives and purposes are right, and his life is controlled by a desire to be of service, then he possesses an unconscious spiritual power which directs him in making decisions. With a first decision this spiritual power probably has more chance to direct than at a later time, when the material considerations pre- dominate. This néed of decision applies to all > because others are doing | this | The first | He | or who after| upon | one's religion. | APRIT 13, 1924—PART 2. : SUCCESS? Our Bearings tion with busirse. George nolds started on his road to in a western Towa agricultur munity about forty ailt up of one of th 2 United States inental and Commercial National Bank of Chi- cago, and is recognized as one of the atest financ sten to what You Decide Quickly “T have never accomplished an thing big in my 1ife that my friends have not urged me 1o take a different A man inz else, must Fortunes are built on deals argely the impulse the ment. I have always made that rule. Opportunities present th Ives, and they must be graspe the facts, be actuated the right motives and then act J. P. Morgan, the great business | genius, wisel d: “The founda of wealth is the first decision well made and the first hundred dollars well invested.” Rothschild, the great banker, said “Determine an enterprise that the public must ultimately support. He lies the seeret of success.’ George Westinghouse, of the air brake, said sand Americans arc cach millionaires | because they had the courage and ability to decide questions quickly and correctly.” E. H. Harriman, the railway king said: “One good decision is worth lifetime of saving, but be sure t decision is made with the desire rendering service.’ A noted educator gave this as his definition of education: “Education acquiring the ability to make intelli ) gent decisions after taking one's bearings. First mark out a line to follow and then adhere to it unflinchy ingly.” An’ investigation of the past bu ness methods and records of the m successful men in vour community or elsewhere will show that they had the courage to think for themselves and to make decisions for themselves They often took thelr latitude and longitude in order to keep headed for the one goal which they sought. There is a phase of our moderr fndustry, however, which is ver Larmful to the development of th power of decision, namely, our met ods of standardization in indusiry Often a man spends his entire worl & day in performing just one littl. operation, hundreds or more of suel little opératio required make the completed article. The m thus employed has no chance to use or exercise his judsment, no chanc make decisions, no chance to shars in the joys of creative industry. The is told of the mnan who wa “What do you work at?” his answer was, “At the Motor Car Works attaching nut No. The work of such a man is a prison wall to his mind. Thus the growth and develop ment of such a man himself depends wholly upon what he does with his time in the other hours of the d when his mind is rcleased from da routin man to succeed, as to do think for h he inventor Five thou Looking Forward. look forward to a ture when industry will be th standardized, it would present a ve distressing picture. There hor however. - The spiritual forces of th worid are more powerful than the material; therefore the spiritua qualities in n will predominate Thus man will develop further and improve his machines so that the mx chines will do most of this standard ized routine work, and the man wil { use his mind in the care and dire tion of these machines. The applic tion of machines to industry is rela tively undeveloped. So’let us stop take our bear ings. Let us decide the port of our life and the direction we will take tn reach the po~t. Let us realize that these spiritual qualities which deter- mine character are far more potent in developing success than the mate rial things which are so much talked about. Let us realize that the foun dation of success is a worth-while goal and a determination fearlessiy to drive for this goal. When templa tions come or new problems arise, the successful man decides them solely according to whether or not they lead to the desired goal. Hence the ir portance (1) of keeping constantls in mind the port we really desire to reach, (2) of taking our bearings often 'to be sure we are traveling U the right direction and (3) of makinz decisions quickly and finally with orfr | purpose of reachins port of ¢ choosing. { (Copsright. 1923 Fleming H. Revell Compans | Pirst publithed in this newspaper by ar rangement with Babson Institute, Ba k. Mass) 1f we mu 1 m nd {Could France Pay U. S. With Islands (Continued from First T 1 == | Possibly the next one will find An {ica standing alone against a Eur | pean combination. We Bre too big, too rich and t powers {not to have bitter enem Beca fwe are so big and strong we probably not avoid treading on o | people’s and it would Le fol {to suppose that t 1 not r {it and would not be qui L lus when they think the opportanit ripe. Forelgn possessions withi | reach of our shores which camld T jusea as marine | L depot ifflr war supplies can never be any {thing but a source of danger to {From that point of vie might b well worth our while to acaquire the have toes 1| French islands, even at a cost which would have relation to mercial value.” Do you believe that the ¥ would be willing to sell them? ‘A, Frenchman not more avers than others to make deal,” repl Mr. Crosby with a smile. 1 th { however, there would be some ser {obstacles to overcome in this case | The first thing necessary would be a i plebescite, and I question very muc the inhabitants of the French island {would be willing to changde their flag, especially for one under which their political status might not be s good, in their opinion, as they now |enjoy. These colonies have be !the possession of France for vears, and the natives are very proud of their ramk as French citiz | Color lines are not drawn by ¥rench as they are by us, and the negroes in the islands cousider ther selves fully the equal of any white man, and usually look down upon the American members of their raca" “Outside of any territorial deals, d you believe that France could pay her debt to us?” “In time, ungiiestionably. France is a very rich country, one of the richest in the world intrinsically, and the French are a proud people, who { will certainly be unwilling to remain indefinitely under a reproach of an unpaid debt. Of course, the only pos sible way in which she can pay us is through the expansion of her for eign trade and the receipt of s payments from Germany. It will tak some time to realize much from thes sources. I do not believe that should press the matter at the pre ent. Let it lie dormant for a while and you will find that France will herself come forward with some pro- Bosul for, & settlement of the det.” no their com i |