Evening Star Newspaper, December 16, 1923, Page 49

EDITORIAL PAGE NATIONAL PROBLEMS SPECIAL ARTICLES . Part 2—18 Pages NATIONAL PARKS IN EAST DECLARED Director PUBLIC NEED Recommends Such Reserva- tions—Only One Now Exists—Problem in Privately Owned Lands. BY WILL P. KENNEDY, ANTED—A park in range The west new national the Appalachian national parks are iust of the Missis- entive country is bare ke, with the single ex- tte Park, in Maine. arest are Hot Springs, Ark., utt Park, ukla. The people of want or more of these cation grounds, and Mather, divector of the Kk service, recommends eservation in his annual re- all in the sippi river the of na 1 s eption and 1 the en ong ) get it is a problem. 1 pa n be created only Congress. Each park must individual, distinetive, containing ¢ of supreme and distinctive natural feature so - unique as to be of st and importance as from merely local in- must be no competition. 1yon of the Colorado mplishment of cauoia presents mplishment , the wonder- itea; the Yellow- Ereatest geyser ette exhibits dest rock formations in Amer- @ und the luxuriance of its decidu- forests; Mount Rainier contains largest single-peak glacial sys- orld, spreading down the the enormous extinct vol- growt gigs tam in the flanks of ders of East Privately Owned. east is full of wonderful scen- t the federal government owns 1 n the and the > heen carved out main— for except n built up by a dona- tlon of land or of money for the pur- ch of land, with a special act of Congress necessary to accomplish even thi Congress has never agreed to the ereation of a national park by pur- chase, There full is This the wa ) settied land cast which has be is the problem—the east is superb scenic areas, but it 1y all privately owned. tion 1 resulted from which the country was the da of earliest colonizatlon the lands east of the Al- leghenies, and later further west and still cast of the Mississippi, were taken up by grants and then by in- vidual settlements under those grants or by right of discovery. The great empire west of the Mississippl, ining most of the spectacular scenery, still was to be acquired by the nation the time the idea of conservation of such areas for na- tional parks came into the popular mind there was no unowned land left in the vast. Niagara Falls and the Mammoth Cave in Kentucky, it 1s now 2 ed, should both be 1 by ation us too import- sce to passed into From s have wim 1 ant havy private b In the only by the clos tween the vernment. n cuse of Niugara it has been eSt co-operation be- American and Canadian that so much of the resent falls as are now the scenic marvel of the east has been gaved. Already there has been a bill intro- duced in the present Congress for the purchase of the Mammoth cave by federal appropriation of a milllon dollars, Donation Proposed. The director of the national parks says: “T should like to mee wdditional national parks established st of the Mississippi, but just how is can be accomplished isnot clear. hould be a typical section of alachian range established national park, with its native nd fauna conserved and made cessible for public use and its de- Ylopment undertaken by federal Tunds. system | “As areas in public ownership in the east are at present limited to a number of forest reserves acquired under the provisions of the Weeks act authorizing the purchase of land for the protection of forests and the headwaters of streams, It appears that the only practical way national park areas can be acquired would be by donation of lands or acquisition of such lands from funds privately donated, #8 in the case of the La- fayette National Park.” While the Appalachian range from the White mountains into Georgia 'has many wonderful areas from which selection could be made, no particular areas have been chosen or surveys made or estimate of cost | procured. This would all be lett to local initiative in proposing some area for a national park or by con- tribution of such an area. As it is not probable that the best area, maintaining the high standard set for national parks, would be do- nated, the most satisfactory proced- ure to establish such a desired park would be by federal purchase—and that is something Congress has never yet done. Leading conservationists in the present Congress are consldering this matter very seriously. ational Parks Polley, In this connection the policy of the natlonal parks service is pertinent, showing the broad publio advantage of such reservations First, the national parks must be maintained in absolutely unimpaired form for the use of futurs genera- tions as well as those of our own times, Second, they are set apart for the use, observation, health and pleasure of the people. Third, the mational interest must dictate all decisions affecting public or private enterprise in these parks. Every activity of the national park service is subordinate to the dutles imposed upon it of faithfully preserv- ing the parks for posterity in essen- tially their natural state. Every opportunity is afforded the public wherever possible to enjoy the national parks in the manner that best satisfies the individual taste. All outdoor sports that may be malntained consistently with the safeguards thrown around these | parks by law are heartily encouraged -mountain climbing, horseback rid- ing, walking, motoring, swimming, boating and fishing are favorite sports in these parks. Winter sports also are a source of health and de- light fn those parks that are ac- cessible throughout the year. Hunt- ing is not permitted in any national park. Educational Advantages Encouraged. The educational as well as the recreational use of the national parks is encouraged in every practical way. University and high school classes in clence find special facilities for [thelr vacation period studies. Museums ! containing specimens of wild flowers, shrubs and trees and mounted an- tmals, birds and fish native to the parks and other exhibts of this char- acter are established. Low-priced camps operated by con- cessioners are maintained, as well as comfortable and even luxurious hotels where the volume of travel warrants the establishment of these classes of accommodations. In each reservation a suitable free camp site is cleared, equipped Wwith adequate water and sanitation facilities. With the national parks perform- ing this great service of conserva- tion, recreation, health promotion and educational facilitles, it Is becoming tncreasingly obvious to members of Congress that something must be done to provide several more national parks in the eastern section of the country. This subject will be given at least committes consideration by the present Congress. Business Leaders Join to Check Radicals by BY HARDEN COLF. USINESS Is movin radicalism in the United States. Alarmed by its growth and by the generous showing of radi- cals in the new Congress, some of the higgest business interests of the coun- try are holding regular meetings, quiet but enthusiastic, to fight what they re- gard as the new menace to enterprise and to stamp it out, if possible, at the national electlons next year. veral meetings already have been held in New York, and others are down on the program’ to follow. The men who have sat in at these meet- ings are men of milllons, directing sreat enterprises which give employ- ment to hundreds of thousands of workers. They are, for the most part, snen who have contributed liberally to the campaign funds of one or both of the major political parties. They mense further appeals for their finan- clal assistance next year. At present most of these men are not in the mood to contribute a dollar o any political campalgn fund. They want to be shown that the money they may contribute, will not be uti- tized to elect lawmakers in love with isms. And unless the responsible varty leaders can reassure these big contributors that the candidates for electfon are fot going to Injure busi- ness by fantastic legislation when elected, it seems extremely likely that eolicitors for campaign funds will have to go to new sources for the money with which to finance the + ¢oming presidential campaign. Tn other words, this correspondent J¢ Informed, this group of prominent Refusing Funds | business men 1s on the verge of mak- ing up its collective mind that it |doesn’t want to finance the campaigns of candldates who will advocate such huge outlays as that called for by the soldler bonus bill and press harsh regulatory measures when elected. At the moment, this group s work- ing for enactment of tax reduction. They do not seek to dictate legisla~ tion, according to information reach- ing here, but they are insistent that taxes be reduced and that the bonus bill be defeated. They profess to see another perfod of depression almost | immediately ahead unless there is a reduction in the tax burden. One of the insiders is authority for the state- ment that there will be another pe- riod of widespread unemployment, comparable to that of 1921, unless taxes are reduced.- He belleves this period will come before the elections next year and that when the elections are held the unemployed will hold the balance, of power. Such a contingency would react profoundly upon the situation, in the view of political observers here. i Meetings at which the growth of radicalism has been discussed have been held In strict secrecy. It fs re- ported that ons such meeting was attended by more than twenty leaders in the business world, cvery man ‘a millionaire. At that meeting the 1920 platforms of both the republican and democratio parties were analyzed, so far as they referred to industrial re- lations, and matched alongside some of the measures now pending before Congress. The group is reported to (Continued on Third Page.) WASHINGTON, D. C., EDITORIAL SECTION The Sundy Star, SUNDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 16, 1923. THE PASSING SHOW IN POLITICS | BY N. 0. MESSENGER. HE republican presidential nomination campaign may now be sai full swing. The republican national committee has gone home after a two-day session, in which it chose Ohio, as the convention city and set the date for June 10. It also attended to another lit: By enlarging the representation tional convention of southern contribute but few votes to the ticket, it left a ground for criticism which Senator Hiram W. Johnson, that resourceful campaigner, was quick to seize “This kind of politics needs no char- upon. acterization,” said Senator John: statement. “The campaign comm an act repugnant to every sense o ing and just representation.” * % ok % Thus is presaged a bitter fight in the con- vention itself over the question of represen- The G. O. P. ele- phant seems to pick up trouble with his tation of southern states. trunk as he ambles along. But to have been “a case of must.” the southern apportionment were the party stood in danger of losing the vote of the negroes who have migra border and northern states—a would count. The subcommittee had brought recommending the reduction in with the instructions of the national commit- tee. Then, like the French ge marched his army up the hill marched it down again, the full rejected it. * ¥k ok Senator Wadsworth of New York refuses to play the favorite-son role. H want the New York delegation ins AUSTRALIA FIGHTS HARD TO SOLVE SHIP PROBLEM Woes of British Dominion in Many Ways Are Parallel United BY G. GOULD LINCOLN. STRALIA, great dominion of the British Empire, since the world war has had on its hands a merchant shipping A problem in many ways similar to that which has confronted and Is confronting the United States. How the Australians have sought to solve this problem is of peculiar interest tn this country, where it is recog- nized that something must be done | to better the merchant marine situa- tion. During the world war Australian producers and importers found them- selves faced with the difficulty of obtaining ships in which to ship their | goods away from and to Australlan | ports. They found, as did Amer- fcans, thelr markets jeopardized, their industries menaced. Like the United States, Australia had relfed upon the ships of Great Britaln and other nations in ocarry- ing on overseas commerce. Like the United States, it had protected {ts coastwise trade and confined its merchant shipping almost entirely to that trade. And, like the United States, Australia has enacted laws which demand better conditions for seamen than are found on the ordi- nary merchantman of the other mari- time natfons. Ficet Under Owa Filag. But most significant of ail is the fact that Australia—Iltke the United States—has determined to continue to have an overseas merchant fleet under its own flag. What more nat- ural than that this great part of the British empire should retarn to the practice of eliowing all its over- seas commerce to be handled by British ships or the ships of other friendly nations? This, by the way, i just what the British are urging that the United States should do. Auttralla's answer has been, how- ever, to stick to its own line—the Australlan Commonwealth Line. The reasons advanced by Austra- lians for. this course are that they desire ‘these ships to protect their own shippers, to see that they get an even break when it comes to rates and service, to prevent Australla being again put into the position it faced during the world war In the event of anqther great conflict, when it could not'get the bottoms it re- quired to handle its commerce, and to prevent their shippers being charged extortionate rates in times of emergency. Already, they insist, they have been able, through the operation of the Commonwealth Line, to obtain better treatment for thelr shippers. The vessels which formed the nu- cleus of the Australian merchant fleet were purchased in 1916, when the German submarine campaign began to assume intensive proportions and Great Britain was forced to employ the greater part of her shipping to supply her own imperative needs in conriection with the war. W. M. Hughes, then prime minister of Aus- tralia, purchased in England fifteen ships, known as the “Austral” boats. The Germans increased thefr sub- marine campaign. Australia, as well as the otber allied nations, began a shipbullding campaign, and her fleet ‘was added to. Shipbullding and the operation of an overseas merchant fleet, therefors, began in Australia, as it did in the United States as a war measure, states that Representa- tions were made to the committee that if him. He and National Committeman Hilles of New York hope the d to be in 14y they do not favo Cleveland. * % tle matter. in the na- republican = P for the democrats, and alert and " ay they will play SoEpes the other fellows ante,” son in his ences with f fair deal bl The democratic politicians who are tout- ing Senator Ralston o dential dark horse, in balky. He won't talk this seems joke. decreased have him “talk turkey” * e ted to the loss that . eral potential presi and when that much-discussed deadlock does Besides Senator Underwood and Sen- in a report come. accordance ator Ralston, there are neral who and then committee Senator Robinson's publicans. * % e does not tructed for to Those of States. In July, 1923, the line owned fifty steamers registered | and four building. These vessels ranged from 1,096 gross tonnage to 13,851, the great majority of them being three, four, five and six thou- sand gross tonnage. The book value of the whole fleet at that time was $73,800,000. But Australtan shipping, Itke the shipping of the entire world, had been going through a disastrous slump in values, so the value of these vescels was written down to approxi- | mately $23.500,000, or about $50,000, 000 of the value was wiped nut. Th reminiscent of what has had to be done in connection with the valuation | of the fleet of the United States Shipping Board. It was last summer that the prime minister of Australia put forward a Commonwealth | President Coolidge on the first ballot. Any- idge vote on that ballot by the New York delegates tossing him a flowery compliment. The democratic national committee will meet here January 15 to name the city and the date for holding the democratic national convention. Chicago, having lost the repub- lican convention, is now making a dead set regardless of the price.” poker the Capital has ever seen. “Every time raise 'em a few thousand.” rule flags the high man and causes a dead- lock, are finding their prospective favorite but takes the suggestion in the nature of a Some of his colleagues at the Capitol are threatening to send for Tom Taggart and The democratic side of the Senate has Arkansas and Senator Glass of Virginia. do some high art work in leadership in the present and prospective involved and em- barrassing situation which conironts the re- When the republican national committee picked Cleveland. for the national convention measure transterring the government owned ships along with the Cocka- too Island (state of New South Wales) shipyard and equipment to the Australlan Commonwealth Ship- plng Board, an incorporation, with perpetual succession, with power to hold property and capable of sulng and being sued. Furthermore, this corporation, of which the government of Australia holds the stock or de- bentures, is taxable, just as any pri- vate corporation. The corporate sys- tem, therefore, has been put forward in Australia as the best way of bring- ing about efficlent and economical operation undet government owner- ship. The proponents of the measure have insisted, however, that the Com- monwealth line, since it is an incor- poration, suable and paying taxes, and is in reality a trading venture, cannot properly be called a state in- strumentality. Board Out of Folitics At the head of thie corporation is a board, consisting of mot less than three members and wot more than five An object particularly sought in the measure transferring the Common- wealth line to a corporation was to get it out of politics. This board, or corporation, is empowered to carry on the general business of shipowner, and, in connection with the shipyard on Cockatoo Island, the business of shipbuflder. For the vessels and other property turned over to it the corporation must turn over to the government of Australia debentures bearing & per cent interest. The government agrees to furnish an operating capi- tal in addition, amounting to not more than 25 per cent of these de- bentures. Also, the corporation has the use of funds derived from the sale of vessels owned by it. The passenger ships of the Com- monwealth line run between the fol- lowing ports: Brisbane, Sydney, Mel- bourne, Adelalde, Perth, Fremantle and London, stopping also at Suez and Colombo. As has been and is the case with the merchant fleets of other nations, the Commonwealth line has been losing money since the slump in the carrying trade set in. Byt under the corporation plan, with the excessive values squeezed out and proper depreciation charges made, and with the hope of better times, the line expects to make a better showing in the future, delegation can go to r lessening the Cool- acquainted * % says it “will get them The Chicago boom- the biggest game of they declare, “we will * ¥ uary 15 Chicago”. f Indiana as a presi- case the two-thirds tion. seriously with them, For the the convention. win the visitors to her democratic conven- the other day, there was an immediate rush for hotel reservations. The Cleveland boom- ers were approached by officials and others with them in the most engaging “You know me, Al!” air, requesting to be “taken care of.” Representative Burton and others who pulled the plum for Cleveland, however, adopted the rule that no reservations were to be cinched until the Cleveland committee could look over the applications and the ac- . commodations and try to frame a definite system of allocating them for the best con- venience of the convention personnel. * k% % There is still a lingering hope in many quarters that San Francisco will come to the democratic national committee meeting Jan- with a bank roll big enough to see raises every time and finally get San Francisco surely did * ¥ k ¥ next few months the real, work- ing, practical headquarters of both political parties will be in effect the cloakrooms and committee to him. * dential candidates, if Senator Robinson of friends expect him to frequently * % Isn't it rooms of the Congress of the United States. Under the big dome on Capi- tol Hill and in the House and Senate office buildings, political conferences, wire-pulling and maneuvering of the highest style of the art will go on daily. For it falls out that democratic senators and representatives parties constitute leaders of weight in their respective states. The party platforms, when not actually written on Capitol Hill, as they in both the political are, always are shown tos the leaders in Congress before being taken to the conventions. * %k ¥ * terrible to think that irom now until next November Washington will have to “eat, sleep and breathe” politics? GERMANS AND FRENCH HOLD OLIVE BRANCHES Agreements Nearer as Poincare Shows Moderation in General Adjust- ment of Issues. BY OLIVER OWEN KUH ACING a winter of terrible eco- nomic suffering, confronted by complete financtal collapse, visioning the loss of the very heart of her industrial realm, weary almost unto death as a result of con- tentious political efforts—in fact, be- ing endangered by the strident ma- neuverings of monarchical elements— the German government has extended an olive branch to France. A Likewlisa confronted with sharpened political conditions, ually being undermined through her own stubborn clinging to reconstruc- tion policies designed to keep Europe in a turmoil for many years, if not decades, a condition which would re- act to the disinterest of the world at large, France gives evidence of meet- ing the Germans upon common ground, there to reduce, if not elimi- nate, grave questions fostering, not solving, the difficulties that have ac- cumulated. The new German _government, through the instrumentality of Chan- cellor Marx, spurred on by Foreign Minister Stresemann, has asked that the French consider the future status of the Rhineland and the Ruhr. Pre- mier Poincare has met the German charge in Paris and volced his desire to consider some means of agreement, provided it does not concern the repa- rations account, settlement of which will come through the recognized reparations commission, possibly fol- lowing a general study of Germany's financtal situation by the proposed In- ternational experts. Long Step Forward. The fact that Poincare—who has remained adamant against any deal- ings with the German government in regard to the Rhineland and the Ruhr—consents to take up the vexa- tious question with representatives of the German government, 15 a long step forward. Heretofore he has voiced French purpose of remaining in complete control of all activities within the disputed and occupled territories until every centime of the reparations account is paid by Ger- many. The civil and economic life of the occupled regions has been under the domination of the French. In the Rhineland, though it be still denled by Parls, the French have worked hand in glove with the sepa- ratist leaders, who now, discredited among their own people, cannot be expected to be of much future serv- ice to the French. France, after It appeared that noth- ing could be accomplished through direct negotiations with various Ger- man governments, and when it ap- peared that the chaotic situation in the occupied territories might even submerge French Interests, set about a series of conferences with various industrialist leaders in the hope that from these there might emerge set- tlements looking toward co-opera- tive endeavor and eventual preserva- tion of French purpose. Many agree- ments were effected between the French and the lesser industrial leaders before Stinnes and others of the great industrial barons took no- tice. Not unmtil it appeared that the Stresemann government would not and could not effect amellorative processes relleving the strain upon the industrialists of the Rhineland and the Rubr, did they approach the seeing prestige | and influence outside of Europe grad- | French. Agreements of ¢ kind were effected. Though these provided for the resumption of payments in coal to the French and otherwise extend- ed co-operative endeavor in order to increase the Industrial output of the Ruhr, the French always have been suspiclous of the German indus. trialists’ effort, owing to the latters’ close conmection with conniving monarchical interests. Industrinlists ected. Possibly 1t is knowledge condition that now is caus of ng Poin- cara to welcome direct negotiotions| with the German government in the hope of effecfing understandings and accord by which the {ndustrialists would be made subservient to Berlin. It is an acknowledged fact that one of the worst bugaboos France has to- day is the return of the monarchial elements to control in Berlin. ‘While France visions a monarch- istio German regime which would be dangerous to her, Berlin, on the other hand, sees the complete loss of the Rhineland and the Ruhr through separate agreements with the French and the German indus- trialists, a condition which most cer- tainly would react against Germany's tuture in world affairs, not to spealk of the danger to her own economic organization. That the new German government should approach the French at the moment and frustrate the secret pur- poses of the industrialists, whatever they may be, is but natural. Would Welcome Peace. If the whole truth were known it is more than Ilkely that the French and German governme:ts are ready to welcome.any course that will permit general advance along the lines of | peacful reconstruction, provided, of course, that such eettlement is even & near approach to preservation of national integrity. There has been considerable specu- latfon as to the apparently recent amenable attitude of Premier Poin- care. First he capitulated to the Brit- 1sh in the general arrangement for the close study of the German prob- lem by International financial experts He announced a lessening of the mili- tary pressure brought upon the Rhineland and the Ruhr, with conse- quent greater Germanic participa- tion in their own oivil affairs. Now he is greeting the Germans with the hope that something can be arranged. Analyzed, it would appear as a sign of weakening. This cannot be credited, however, for he is much in the position of a dictator who having won his spurs, turns to courses of moderation that he may retain them. Present day magnanimity probably is predicated upon full knowledge that France todsy dominates the con- tinent politically and possibly could, militarily, in case of necessity. She will continue to do 80 no matter which way the tides run In settlement of the general questions pertaining to Germany. In the meantime Premier Poincare can afford to nifke conces- sions here and there and particularly in view of the oncoming French elec- tions when he may say to his peo- ple, “I have preserved France's se- curity, I am about to preserve her financial future through forced pay- ment ot German reparations. I have upheld French honor in forcing Ger- many to admit she has heen defeated by France.” € WOMEN’S WAR IS OPENED BY BEN McKELWAY. HE fight for and against an equal rights amendment to the Constitution is on and the opposing forces advance with colors unfurled and eyes agleam with the joy of battle, while scores of typewriters, manned by skilled marksmen and directed nimble fingers, lay down a terrific Larrage of lght, medlum and painfully heavy literature. Already the outposts have met in skirmish at the White House, and already the couriers have gone back to their respective headquarters, each bearing the glad tidings of victory. But the real battlefleld is Congress, and there, during the hard winter and perhaps for years to come, the real battle must be fought. Already the inhabitants of that war-torn !1and are casting about with wild and looks for ehelter. And, lo, "o shelter, « of the fleld is lined the | Woman's Party end Allce Yaul. Uu the other the National League of Women Voters, with such | formidable allles as the General Federation of Women's Clubs, Young Women's Christian Assoclation, Na- tional Women's Trade Union League, National Consumers’ League, Nation- al Council of Women, National Coun- cil of Jewish Women, American Fed- eration of Teachers, American Home Economics Assoctation, Girls' Friend- Iy Soclety in America and the Ameri- can Assoclation of University Women. Has “Splendid Opposition.” The National Woman's Party is un- dismayed by numbers. One of its vet- erans of other wars described them thus: We have splendid opposition:” Nor does the Natlonal League of Women Voters discountithe strength of the enemy. Facing them is a foe trained from youth in the ways of battle. It is a fight to the finish. No quarter will be asked; none will be given. Equal rights for women under a constitutional amendment has a fotching sound. One might think—a man, for instance, might think—that the National Woman's Party had espoused a popular cause and that the womanhood of the country would flock as one under the banners of an | organization which already had { played a conspicuous part in bring- |ing into thelr domain the justly | famed ballot. | But not so. Hardly had the National Woman's Party announced its campalgn when other women’s organizations, whose names are given above, hoisted their battle flags to the breeze and an- nounced they would fight this “in- sidlous” (the adjective is mnot the writer’s) movement to a horrible death. The battle cry of the National Woman's Party was branded as a de- lusion and a snare, which, if carried to victory, would mean-the oblitera- tion from the statute books of many | states the advantages for which women have fought the last quarter of a century. To the White House went the van- guard of the National Woman's { Party, and they laid their cause at the feet of the President. They quote him as saying, in effect, that if they presented their cause to Congress as they presented it to him he could hardly ses how Congress would turn them down. Not to be outdone, a delegation of women from the American Federation of Labor also called at the White House last week and presented their opposition to the enactment of & con- stitutional amendment creating for women all the rights now enjoyed by men. Informally quoting the Presi- dent, a spokesman for this delegation declared it was plainly evident that EN and women have about an equal amount of brains, but they think differently. That is the conclusion of Prof. H. C. McComas of Princeton University, who lectured on “Soctal Psychology” Monday at the home of Mrs, Sarah C. Ffoulke, 2011 Massachusetts avenue northwest. The lecturer declared tnat the psychologist finds that the difference in general intelligence between men and women is negligible, but that the female interest is concerned with matter's relating to human affalrs, while the male interest runs in the airection of materlal things. Boys and Girls Compared. For instance, boys and girls fn a school are told to describe a postage stamp. The boys' interst is in the direction of the perforations, printing and’ the coloring of the paper, while the girls, naturally, describe the face and the character expressed in the face on the stamp. These two trends in the thinking of the two sexes are very evident. It seems that they are just the differences in physical struc- ture, which are In turn reflected in the thinking of the two sexes. The organs of internal secretion are di tinctly different in the sexes. These organs bring about different interests and temperaments.. The psychologist believes that the activities of women in national and industrial affairs will result in no plans and policies to lower the intel- lectual standard than those we have now. Women's minds will neither raise nor lower our intellectual activ- ftles. What may be accomplished is @ change {n our Interests. If women are true o themselves we should find thelr influence resulting in more hu- man attributes in life. Probably we shall not have as many great women WITH VERBAL BARRAGES |Fight For and Against Equal Rights Amendment Is on W ance in Congress. th Venge- the President them. From this the attitude of the Pres: dent may be considered doubtful, t say the least. But it proves him « diplomat of the first water. Resolution Introduced. Scnator Curtls and Representativ Anthony, both of Kansas, last introduced the equal rights amend ment resolution in Congress. It pro- vides: “Men and women shall have equal rights throughout United States and every place subject to ft jurisdiction.” There is also the usua enforcement clause Now, the women en controversy are agreed, fo equal rights are concerned. National Woman's Party wants equs rights brought about by a constitu tlonal amendment, at one clean sweep. 80 to speak. 'The opposition does not want a congressional amendment this sort. The opposition prefers to galn its victorfes one at a time by the enactment of legislation which would accomplish, they s 1 the good things to come from rights” with none of the effe wee! the of quil ts whic Advantages Wiped Off Slate. Tnder a constitutional an elght-hour laws for women, minimum-wage women and other laws for the pro tectlon of women fn industry woul be wiped off the slate. On this point both sides are agreed. But the points of view are widely divergent. The National Woman's Party says: “Well and good. Let them be dome away with. Discrimination in or of women in industry reacts i women in Industry. The emp who faces a pena if he employ woman worker 0¥ ¢ hours no penalty if he wor is going to dis- ay men ten hours a d charge his women and replace then with men. Thus the woman, who has won an equal place with the man 11 industry, 1s legislated out of a job—z job which she needs to support the good-for-nothing husband and dirty- faced children at home. Take this law off the statute books and replace it, If possible, by a law which gives an elght-hour day for men and women. But take ay this discrimi- natfon against wom Then speaks the of Woman Voters. Federation of Labor “There's not a woman in the National Woman's Party who ever done a lick of real work her life. Their main trouble is the don't know what are talking about. Legal equs nd econom! equality are two entirely @ifferent things. Women ha been able to galn thelr equality in the labor world by legislation, which gives them the rights they could not win throug! organization would be uns unorganized the laws which ight or nin ave been a ganlzation women have been to gain through lcgislation. these women legal equality through a constitutional amendment and you lose for them the economic equality they have gained through spectal leglslation.” whols forced Glve ‘Wants Something Permanent. The National Woman's Party Is weary of seeing advantages for wom- en come and go on the statute books of the states. It wants something permanent, while the opponents ars well content to gain a point here and there, as they have In the past, with- out the danger of i Men and Women of Equal Brain But Differ in Thinking, Is View in our natfonal life as we have ha great men, Men deviate from an a erage much more than women. Therr are more SuUPernorm; d subnormal men, more fools and more genluses A word of caution Wi entered agalnst the prevailing notion of race differences. Varlous tests show that there is a large overlapping in abili ties. Among the different races the average white man passes intellec- tual tests better than the Mexican the Indian and the negro. But there are many white persons who fail below the average of other races. In a democracy there must be a great deal of homogeneity among the total If there arc levels of intelligence among the people who cannot acquire the ideals and purposes of the higher levels it is impassible to get uni i= purpose and action It Is indi pensable for 'a country of our type t« discourage an increase in immigrants of a low order of intelligence, Dr McComas called attentlon to the @if- terence in the mental life of the modern man and that of his grand- sires. The latter generation was taught to believe that this world was the center of the universe and man the most fmportant creature in the world. .Science has expanded our horizon. Many of us lack the vigor In our thinking that our fathers had Biology has influenced the philos ophy of today. Many of the German lleals which we repudiated had their origin in biology. It sewms prohahi. that psychology will be the next sclence to affect our philosophy of life. We shall no longer think of the universe in terms of last century's sclence. Rather we shall come to be- leve that the machinery of the uni- verse functions as does the machinery of the human brain. There fs a con- sclousness in it, )