Evening Star Newspaper, September 28, 1923, Page 6

i THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 2§, 1923. ' —_——— e e e Can Europe Hold Together? THE EVENING STAR, ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY.....September 28, 1923 THEODORE W. NOYES...... .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Dusiness Office, 11th §t. and Pennsylvania Ave. | 110 East 42nd St. fcago Office: Tower Bullding. Buropean Office: 16 Regent St., London, England. e i The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning eqsaion, I8 delivered by carriers within the city W= v th daily on zi-onta; Bunday only. 20 cents per month. Or- Aers may be sent by mail or telephone Ma end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunda; $8.40: 1 mo., Daily only. §6.00; 1 mo. Sunday ., $2.40; 1 mo., All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yr., §10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ 00} 1 mo., 60¢ + $3.00; 1 mo., 25¢ « Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitied to the use for republication of all news dis- New York Office 70¢ 50¢ patches credited to it or not otherwise credited | in this paper and also the local news pub- lished herein. ~ All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also_reserved. France and German Subdivision. Suspicion prevails in Berlin that the French are promoting, or are at least sympathetic with, the separatist move- ment in the Ruhr, which aims at the establishment of a distinct Rhineland state. All dispatches Zrom Paris, how- | ever, have attestew distinctly to the contrary. The Frvench have specifical- 1y, officially ar® unofficially, denied any desire for of interest in a separa- tion of western industrial Germany from the republic. Nevertheless, from | the German capital come reports that show that a belief prevails there that the French are secretly encouraging | the secession. It is difficult to see what France would gain from a division of Ger- many into separate states, as by the secession of the Rhineland or of Ba- varia. France has two definite objects. First is the collection of reparations payments, which are necessary for her own rehabilitation. Next is the guar antee of peace on the eastern border. In short, France wants a Germany that cannot strike an offensive blow. If a divided Germany were weaker than a united Germany in the hypo- thetical case of a Germanic war some time in the future it might conceiv- ably be to the advantage of France now to seek the separation of the reich into its state components. But where would that leave the repara- tions? Certain of the German states are much less affluent ~than others. Some of them could pay a pro rata share of the war debt and others could not. It would be the height of folly be- vond conception fer France to seek the separation of the Rhineland from the German reich for possible. future annexation. For the Rhineland is wholly and undividedly Teutonic, and if attached to the French nation would be a cause of endless trouble and cost and menace. It would be an- other Alsace-Lorraine, but with less likelihood of amalgamation, for there was a large French element in those two provinces when they were taken by Louis XIV. Of the two French objects, repara- i tions payments and security, it would seem that the French were more like- 1y to prefer the former at They need the money. They are now | at work rebuilding at enormous cos the regions devastated by the Ger- | mans. That they will fortify them- selves by all possible means against | another attack from the east is the natural expectation. To be thus forti- fied they must be themselves strong. They must re-establish their indus- tries, put themselves on a sound eco- nomic foundation, assure themselves the means of defense. Thus the prob- lem today is how hest and most quick- 1y and most surely to secure the funds needful for this rehabilitation. It does not seem likely that a subdivided Germany would yield the guarantees | that are required to this end. William H. Baldwin. William H. Baldwin, who has just “died in this city, was one of the most active and useful citizens of the Capi- tal during his twenty years of resi- dence. Having retired from business, he devoted himself energetically to public welfare matters, giving his time unstintedly to the promotion of works of importance to the community. His major interest during the latter part of his life was in the correction of the loan shark evil, and it was large- ly through his instrumentality and persistent endeavor that a law was enacted which checked the heavy drain of usury upon the purses of the people of slender means. Later it was found that in certain respects this law worked unequally and in some re- spects harmfully, and Mr. Baldwin sought to secure effective amendment. His health failed, however, before this was. accomplished. Indeed, it has not been yet effected, and the work he started in conjunction with others in- terested with him in the public wel- fare remains to be completed. Wash- ington is fortunate in gaining the citizenship of such men as he, who, leaving their active business, seek agreeable surroundings in their re- tirement and choose the National Capital as their home. Mr. Baldwin's death occasions deep regret, tiad endeared himself to many and had won the respect and esteem of all who knew him. ——————— Despite announcements of the end of passive resistance, the Ruhr ques- tion remains the ancient one, “What are you going to go about it?”" Crosstown Bus Line. Bus ilne extension seems to be an order of the day. A good deal of this work has been uone in the last year | or two, and petitions from citizens for an increass in this form of service are frequently presented. The latest £ uiese cases is that of the Southeast ntizens’ Association, which seeks to have the Public Utilities Commission authorize the extension of the Bladens- burg road bus line southerly through the eastern section of the city from 15th and H streets northeast a and 8th streets southeast by way of 15th street, Tennessee avenue, 14th sivset and Potomac avenue. The de- mand is not so strong for the opera~ 45 cents per | Collection is made by carciers at the | | been elected. 1 for he | busses operated by the street rallway companies to supplement their rail service, and the traction companies have shown a willing spirit in meeting the demand. Recently the Capital { Traction started a crosstown bus {line through South Washington from | southeast to southwest, giving trans- | portation to a large and populous sec- ! tion of the city that has been without | such service since the abandonment | of a long section of track on M street {by the Anacostia and Potomac River { Railway Company, which company did not give transfers to the line lead- ing to the center of the city. of the parent rail lines can be started through territory where it_would be next to impossible to extend railways. Building steel track is costly, and generdlly encounters strong opposi- tion ‘from property holders. Nearly every property holder wants conven- |ient car service, buth he wants the ! | on which he lives. There is often objectlon to the starting of a bus line through a residence neighborhood, but the objection is nothing like so strong |as that aroused by a proposal to lay street car tracks. The Bladensburg bus line, operated by the Washington Railway and Electric Company in place of a trolley line lately aban- i doned, if extended southward across the city from Maryland avenue and 15th street, and issuing transfers to {the east and west rail lines of the company, would improve transporta- tion facilities over a large and wall peopled section of Washington. The Washington Election. Democratic leaders, not unnatural- 1y, are seizing upén the election of {Judge Sam B. Hill, democratic nom- inee, In the fifth Washington congres- sional district, as a distinet party vie- national contest next year. The elec- tion is the first in which national is: sues were considered since President Coolidge entered the White House. But there are circumstances con- nected with the election of Judge Hill, by a very narrow majority of some 500 to 600 votes, which may well give the democrats pause in their rejoicing. The election was to fill a vacancy created by the resignation of Repre- sentative J. Stanley Webster, repub- !lican, to accedl a seat on the bench. | Mr. Webster was elected in 1922 by 2172 votes, but there was a third | ticket, farmer-lahor, in the fleld at that time which polled 3,095 votes. tic candidate, Judge Hil, | this year was indorsed by the farmer= labor group so called. Had the farmer- Jabor party so indorsed Mr. Webster's opponent in 1922, Mr. Webster, on the Bus lines suppi¢menting the service | tracks on some other street than that | | District wants motor reciprocity with |tory and augury for success in the | i for preventing oil pollution of Ameri- i | the waters has caused immense loss {fire hazard in harbors and elsewhere section of the city between Rock Creek Park and Georgia avenue seems to require the extension ‘of 14th street. The reasons for and against the open- ing of that thoroughiare hzuve been considered, and it seems that the ver- dict reached is that the opening of the street will serve the public good. Another bill to be introduced is that for building a drive to link old civil war forts and the sites of those forts. This is a historic proposal. It used to come before the Washington Board of Trade thirty and forty years ago, still comes up in that veteran argani- zation, and has been taken up from time to time by the newer civic bodies. It has been before committees of Con- gress and before Congress itself a number of times. Since the fort-drive tdea was brought forward many of the tumbled heaps of ramparts and traverses have been leveled and the ditches filled with earth. Many of the |sites have been built over. Still, enough of the landmarks are left to {show the line of defenses that ex- tended frém the Potomac, near Chain | bridge, to the Eastern branch, near the | Reform School. On the southerly side of the Eastern branch many of the historic earthworks between Benning and the mouth of Oxon run have been destroyed, but some are still visible. If the remaining civil war defenses are to be saved the rescuers must woik fast. Another bill is that which would ! substitute a tax on gasoline for the | present license tax on automobiles. | That proposition has had enough dis- | cussion, and it is believed by many to | be the only feasible plan for bringing about peace between Maryland and the District. Every motorist “in the | { Maryland, and/the “gas” tax bill was drawn to bring about that result. ——— 0il Pollution. The bureau of mines submits plans can rivers and coastal waters. Wide- spread complaint has developed in late vears against the coating of oil on | rivers, harbors, bays and coast wa- ters; and the energy of the complaint is steadily increasing. Some time ago Congress took cognizance of the ques- tion, and the bureau of mines was ! charged with the duty of determining the source of the oil and finding a remedy for the evil. Oil pollution of of life among aquatic birds, fish, | ovsters and crabs, has increased the and has interfered with the popular enjoyment of bathing beaches. The bureau has traced the oil to its ito i10ving. XII—Hungary and Horthy BY JOHN F. SINCLAIR “In my former capacity as an of- ficer of the navy, I have visited every great country, excepting your own. I have studied peoples and their his- tory. The Hungarian people are the finest—the flower of the human race. We celebrated the thousandth annl- versary of our existence as a peopis | in 1896. Then the war came. Our prime minister, Count Tisca, opposed it. But we were forced in. We lost. The treaty of Trianon five parts, Never in all history has a great people been so humillated and disgraced. Nev But nobody, My Sinclair, can put nature on its head. The politicians of Europe have tried it since the war and they have failed. The Hungarian people will be reunited some day.” Admiral Nicholas von Horthy, as he spoke, was seated at his big flat- top desk in his magnificent office in the king's palace at Budapest. man of fifty-six, he has one of the most attractive personalities in Eu- rope. Tall, bréadshouldered, dark- lcomplexioned, with a high forehead |three times her income from taxes. backed up by a mass of iron gray hair, and wearing the uniform of the "Austrian admiral, he looks the part he plays. His square jaw shows determination, while his large nose hows social ualities of a high or- der. He was courteous, affablc and direct. He speaks excellent English and looks and acts more like an Am can or Canadian business man than the dictator of Hungary * Ok K ¥ Hungary entered the war with 25,000,000 peorle living in an area of 125,600 “square miles—about the size in area of the states of Ohio, Indlana and Kentueky combined. The treaty of Triannon reduced her 7,840,000 people living in 35,600 square miles—in area a little smaller than Indlana. Hungary now is a flat plain coun- try of southeastern Europe, with in sufficient wood and coal, no water- power and few raw materials. The Hungarian people are a hardy strong race. They are liberty The great Kossuth, the pa- triot, Hungarian. The lib- eral Unitarian religion came_ from Hungary. A statue of George Wash- ington adorns one of the principal squares of Budapest. This city of over a million people is one of the handsomest in all Europe. When the break-up of the old Aus- tro-Hungarian _empire came—October 31, 1915—a revolution began __the movement for a republic. King Charles _abdicated a few days later and Count Karolyn was _ pro- claimed provisional president. Disor- der followed and a bolshevist govern- | ment h up March 22, away, with ded by 22, 1519 Bela Kuhn was It. too, was swept help of the Ru- sources, and recommends that there be officlal control of waste from |face of the returns, could not have |streamside industrial plants, and that i Still another factor may have had its influence in the recent election. | The republican organization in the state was pretty well shot to pieces in and Mr. Webster opposed the | re-election of Senator Poindexter, re- | publican, who was defeated by some 5,000 votes. on top i | of this, dispatches from | | Washington indicate that only about | | 42 per cent of the potential vote of | the fifth district was cast in the elec- | tion of Judge Hill. »In accepting the support of the farmer-labor group. Judge Hill swal- | lowed some of the “isms” of that party which regular democrats may have difficulty in stomaching. For example, he favors -having the gov- | ernment fix the price of wheat, and favors having the federal judiciary elected. So far as the agricultural popula- | tion of Washington is concerned—that ! part of the population which is ree | ported to be the most up in arms over the present situation—it appears that | State Senator Mvers, the republican | opponent of Judge Hill, carried five ! of the seven agricultural counties of the district. The republicans are tak- ing a certain degree Of satisfaction from this fact. The republican tariff, according to democratic leaders, and the failure of i the administration effectually to aid | were the dominant factors in bring- | ing about the election of a demo(-rat; in the fifth Washington = district. | Furthermore, they point out mat‘i Myers, the republican candidate, adopted a slogan of “Stand by Cool- idge.” Clearly, the democrats say, there was a definite division over na- tional issues, and the democrats won. —_————————— Senator Borah frankly prefers a horse to a motor. In matters of per- sonal transportation he is still an un- compromising irreconcilable. e —— There is an enormous amount of work for the league of nations to do if it can once get well into harness. ————e—— Bavaria homa of Europe. —————— Gov. Walton has fl)e spotlight, but with too much accompanying pyro- technics for comfort. President Ebert is an example of the man who has to be brave not to resign. Iby the special committee represent- the farmers in their present plight { That you can drive away the care is compelled to take a| chance on being regarded as the Okla- | devices be installed on ships to pre- vent escape of oil. Oil-burning and oil-cargo ships have most to do with | polluting the bays and harbors, but much of the waste is found to come from ship repair yards, ol refineries, | gas plants and sewers. The work done | ing the bureau -of mines, American | Petroleum Institute and American | Stepmship Owners' Assoctation, which | investigated the oil-pollution ques- | tion, has been highly important, and | dn the strength of the report of that | committee the State Department will i issue invitations for an international conferenca on control of oil pollution. | —_———— Only the people of the richest na- | tion on earth could remain calm with | coal so closely approximating $20 a ' ton. i —_—— i Mayor Hylan of New York is now | able to sit up and play checkers, and | his friends are confident that he will ¢ soon be again ready for the rougher | game of politics. ———— SHOOTING STARS. 1 BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Lingering Summe: ©h, Summer, you're an artist rare! Such gentle songs you sing Your wayward moments bring. But, like so many singers sweet ‘Who make a real hit, This one ohjection you must meet— You don’t know when to quit. | i i i i i | Oh, Summer, your poetic gifts Enchant the wondering crowds. The story that you tell uplifts Our thought into the clouds. Your voice comes echoing loud or low, Where breezes lightly flit, But, like some orators we know, You don’t know when to quit. When it is time to make a bow And gracefully retire, You take an encore and we vow There's too much to admire. The time has come for you to pass. You've neatly done your bit. We love you dearly, but, alas, You don’t know. when to quit. Legislatures. “B.elflg elected to the legislature is only a stepping stone.” "It ought to be s0,” repiied Senator Sorghum. “But in some legislatures the boys are inclined to pick up the stones and throw them.” Jud Tunkins says girls used tolearn 014 District Bills. The District Commissioners are making ready to bring to the atten- tion of Congress bills on which final |action was not taken at the last ses- sion. Many of these bills aimed at legislation desired by the people, and had the indorsement of civic bodies and the municipal authorities. It is thought that Congress was favorable to the enactmemt of a number of them, and that they failed of passage because of the press of measures in which a large number of congressmen I'were more keenly interested and be- cause of the legislative jam in the closing hours of the session. ~ Engineer Commissioner Bell has di- rected that bills which failed of pas- sage in the lete Congress, and which concern his Capartment; shall be made ready for presentation to Congress in December. The secretary of the Pub- lic Utilities Commission is preparing a schedule of bills not acted on last session, and which are to be intro- duced in the coming Congress. One of the important bills is that for the extension of 14th streeét through the grounds of Waiter-Reed Hospital. The ‘northern to sew, but his daughter has no re- spect for a needle unless she can use it on a phonograph. { control i purchased a One-Way Aviation. The prices aviate in glee, But bring a sense of grief. They can’t volplane, we plainly see, Nor do a falling leaf. Upon the course that they have set ‘We gaze and we salute. They keep on going higher yet. They have no parachute. Caution. “Our prima donna has some pills hat will reduce size.” “Tell her to be careful,” said the manager, “and not pass any of them out to the audiences.” tl . Among Autoists, |, “Clara’s beau,” commented Mr. Chuggins, “is a little behind the times, but he’s a model young man.” ““That’s the only trouble,” spoke up Clara. “He's a 1920 model.” “De golden rule fs s0° precions, said Unele Eben, “dat we keeps it locked up most manians, tional lished. days later. A na was re-estab- uary, Adm appointed regent 1920. The con- al Horthy was “protector of the Magyar republic.” But on March 23, the government declared Hun- 2 monarchy. Since then the iron hand of Horthy has been in complete of every activity of Hun- jan life. King Charles made two unsuceessful attempts to regain the throne. Liberty of speech, free a: semblage and press have been su: pended. Newspapers have been con- fiscated. Parliaments have been dis- missed. Militarism holds _absolute sway. Budapest is swarming with well dressed military officers. * % s Now, more critically: Unlike Belgium, she had few invest- ments before the war outside of the old dual monarchy.” Each year she little more outside of Hungary she sold. Her princi- pal imports were cotton, iron, m: chinery, leather and chemicals, while she exported grains, food and some than WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC 1N be Sir Frederick Upham, K. B. E., if the treasurer of the repubiican national committee isn't careful, for he cut a notable swath at Ascot week, in England, this summer. Upham and him gracious consort, an lowa belle, took for the week, which is the most fashignable racing event of the Eng- lish season, the house ofs the former Miss Edna May, famous American ac- tress. In it they entertained royvally, if not royalt, nd, according to Up- ham, seldom had fewer than 300 for Junch and 500 for tea. As Post Wheel- er, charge d'affaires of the American | embassy in London, and Mrs. Wheeler were the Uphams' house guests for the week, the republican leader said the establishment was official United States terpitory for the time being. They've been known to knight men for lesser offenses than the Uphams' briiliant hospitality at Ascot. * K K K President Coolidge has introduced a picturesque innovation in his office at the White House. At the upper right- hand corner of his work desk there now stands a large and beautiful silk edition of the Stars and Stripes, mounted on a standard surmounted by a golden eagle. The idea appears to have originated with Mrs. Coolidge. At least, all that is known about the flag is that it was sent over from the Executive Mansion the other day by the first lady of the land, with orders to station it where it appar- ently is henceforward to do perma- nent duty. ‘ * k.x Gen. Pershing was billed not long ago to appear on a patriotic program at Denver with Mme. Tetrazzini, the Ttalian prima donna. While soldier and songstress were walting in the wings of the auditorium to take their places on the stage, Wershing at- tempted to say sweet things to Tet- razzini in her native tongue. Finding that he was not making the grade, the general said to the rest of the party: “Well, I'm going to talk the language that Whireugpan be bent and kissed the hand of the smiling signora, visibly to her delight and complete compre- ion. hension. G Capt. F. Charles Starr of the hos- pital construction division of ' the Veterans' Bureau has run across a preacher who works at his underpaid job on Sundays and as a bricklayer the rest of the week. Starr was in- specting a néew gbvernment buifding in the middle west and observed a man laying bricks who didn’'t seem quite to the manner born. lnvesg‘l- tion revealed that he was a “sky ‘pilot,” who decided to eke out a mod- est living by earning $14 a day at the best paid work in the community. He said it was the only way a smali- town clergyman nowadays can make both ends meet. ** k¥ Although Sir Auckland to return t sy in tore us into | Al let’s look at Hungary a little | all ladies understand.” | manufactured articles. But Hungary |was able to borrow money outside, |and so was able to pay the small | excess of Imports over exports each | year. She kept her international ma- | chinery of exchange—her money—at the gold point. Her international trade graw and prospered. The flour | and corn mills of Budapest becarme *he largest in Europe, | ‘Since the war she hes lost 75 per cent of her territory. She has not been able to balance her imports and | exports. Result—her trade is slow- ing down. The machinery is not |Working. That means a lower income | per individual in Hungary. ! "Based on tonnage, the record is [bad. 1In 1922 she imported 2,228 thou- | sand - tons, while she exported 840 | thousand tons. In 1922 she imported 3,560 thousand tons, while she ex- ported 1400 thousand tons. The per- | centage record so far in 1923 is no | better. These figures would indicate | that Hungary, as at present organ- ized, has not demonstrated her abil- [ity 'to live. She is not payins her board bill in the family of nations. ¥ * K K K Her government record is no better. She is spending cach year nearly | Her printing press has been pounding out new money almost constantly during the past five years. | _The public debt inereased from 1,602 millions of dollars in 1914 to 5.909 millions of dollars in 1918, an increase of 560 per cent. Today her public ! debt is 65 per cent of her estimated | total wealth. Her bank note -circulation—her money—and deposits increased from 491 millions of dollars in 1914, with a | !gold reserve of 62.5 per cent, to 1 {444 millions of dollars in 1920, with a | gold reserve of less than % of 1 per| jcent. These figures are for the old| Austro-Hungarian monarchy. U's the old, old story. The gold point broke. ' Higher prices, lower purchasing power of meney, more in- {flation, still higher prices and a slov/- {ing down of production. Today Hungary has no vredit. She {can neither sell her honds within nor | jwithout Hungary. Her military ex-| ipenses are increasing. Her debt charges are larger than she can pay, and her foreign trade is going down hill because her ability to purchase is getting smaller each month. Iler one and only recourse today consists in printing more and more { paper kromen. In 1914 an American collar would purchase 5 kronen. In } July, 1921, I purchased 500 kronen for {$1. ' This year in July I got 7,000 kronen for $1. * % x The situation now |control of the authorities. {tried hara, dustry is beyond the They have but unsuccessfully. In-| cannot keep up with the de-j | preciation of the Hungarian krone. | Count Bethlen, the prime minister, in Apribkof this year presented the sad ¢ of Hungary to the attention of | the league of nations. It ap- {pointed a committee to investigate {and report back. vou will read this book care- id Count Bethlen to me ee that Hungary has tried | very hard to make good. But without help we cannot go much further.” 1 believe the prime minister is righ Hungary alone nnot climb back. She has been too sick and she is to0 weak. ‘The middle classes of Hunzary chools are closing, tuberculo- | is spreading. Three hundred jhorses a day were being killed in has are ! j loverty and distress is falling on all classes with 'crushing weight. In winter, with little or no fuel, the suf-| fering ‘during the past five years ha: been particularly pitiful. Hungary alone, I do not think, can survive. She will sink on down into the quicksand of debt. Perhups the league of nations Ihelp undo the folly and depravity {man in his hour of triumph, such {they have tried to do in’ Austria. !Along some such lines lies Hungary's :hulu-. | (co ay. t s 1923, in Uniied States North American News AlL rights reserved.) right, sritain Allin WILLIAM WILE | cessors are being actively canvassed | i in London. The latest is Sir Eustace | ||Fiennes, Bart, now Governor of the | Leeward Islands. He is an old-time } friend of John Hays Hammond and Wag associated with him during Ham- ) mond’'s lebrated South African da under Cecil Rhodes. Fiennes a fighting soldier and big-game hunter in his day. His ancestral house of Saye and Sele once provided a royal governor for the Connecticut, and Say mouth of the Conne named after him. * ok ok ok The welkin will be made to ring with an unwonted clangor in New York next Saturday when Senator Magnus Johnson of Minnesota will deliver his maiden speech in the east. He will address the Progressive La- | bor League at Carnegie Hall under the chairmanship of Mr. Hearst's magazine editor, Norman Hapgood. Announcement for the Johnson meet- ing proclaims the desire of the west- ern farmers to make common cause with the eastern workingmen “and other liberal group: Johnson is ex- pected to visit Washington to inspect his soundproof quarters in the Sen- ate office building before returning to his dairy farm in Minnesota. * k % % George L. Berry, chief figure in the New York pressmen's strike, has had a military and political record in ad- dition to a notable career in the labor movement. He is a Tennesseean and presides over the magnificent old- age establishment for printers and pressmen known as Pressmen’s Home, in the hog-and-hominy state. For many years Berry has been the presi- {dent of the International Pressmen’s Unlon. During the war he was a ma- Jor in the labor division of the Ameri- |can expeditionary force, and at the peace conference was attached to Samuel Gompers' advisory delega- tion. Berry once came within an ace of being elected Governor of Tennes- jSee on the democratic ticket. He is a | past vice commander of the American | Legion and by his friends is consider- ed a future president of the American Federation of Labor. He is still young. * ok ok ok It was related at the White House the other day how the cabinet, at its seml-weekly sessions, transacts the nation’s business. The President asks 'his executive chiefs, in turn, begin- ning with the Secretary of State, “whether there is anything to present to the. cabinet” Discussion forth- with ensues @pon any topic thus i brought up and continues until it is disposed of, Thenthe roll call of de- partment heade beging again. One day, not long ago, no cabinet officer had anything to suggest as worthy of conside whereupon Seourned 1o transact the only bubic | ness of the day—havin “Ppletu been colony of vbrook, at’ the ! cticut river, is | o a; ing : i the election. | eigne jown jabout the revolution. s | stores and In Defense of Greece. overnment Declared Legitimate and Entitled to Recoguition. To the Editor of The Star: The Star on Sunday carried an arti- cle by Andre Tardieu, headea “Force Dominant in Europe Still.” In this article Mr. .Tardleu refers to Greece twice and both times misstates facts. | He says: “Next came Greece, which In less than four years overthrew two gov- ernments." In making the above statement Mr. Tardieu evidently has ifn mind the changes in the Greek regime which occurred in 1920 and 1922. Later on he says: “The Greeks and Bulgarians took almost unheard-of liberties with the elections,” Here agaln he refers to the elec- tions of 1920. The_elections of that year were held In November, shortly after our own election in the United States, and avere an “overthrow of the existing government” only in the sense that our own election consti- tuted an *overthrow" of our own government; both in the United States and in Greece the people had tired of their war administration and threw it out of power at the polls. The elections in Greece were just as constitutional, just as orderly and just as lawful as the election in the United States in November, 1920. The writer was in Greece at the time and for many months afterward, and never heard any clalm that “almost unheard-of liberties” were taken with As the party which was in power at the time was the one that could have “taken liberties,” and s it waa badly defeated, it is hardly reasonable to suppose that they took “liberties with the elections” in or- der to insure their own defeat. Mr. Venfzelos himself never claimed the elections were fraudulent, and he has always maintained that while the outside world had a right to form its own opinion as to the wisdom of the Greek people at the elections, for- s had no reason to question the right of the Greek people to vote for whom they chose. The revolution of 1922 was caused directly by the refusal of the great powers (the United States included) Lo recognize the constitutional right of the Greek people to control their elections; to this more than to any other one reason can be attrib- uted the troubles which brought Greece would be under “constitutional government” today had the great powers not in- terfered. Now, after tifeir faildre to recognize the constitutional govern- ment in power for nearly two years, various powers make the excuse that they will not recognize Greece now until she “returns to a constitutional government.” George 1I of Greece is just as constitutional a moarch as Victor Emmanuel of Italy, Spain or Boris of Bulgaria ent revolutionary government Greece is just as regular as the gov- ernments of Italy, Spain or Bulgaria. Greece comes before the world with just as good a claim and just as clean hands as the other three. Why should she be treated so differently? Today the re-establishment of diplomatic relations with Greece means something more than an act of friendship to a nation,that has al- ways been friendly to us; it means help in the care which Greece is giving to the million dependent ref- ugees now within her borders. Greece is’ struggling to establish the ref- gees within the frontiers of Euro- pean Greece. 1f this can be done much will have been accomplished toward | the final settlement of the near east- ern auestion, largely caused races havin ligious diffe In this gre which has been by the mixture wide cultural and enc: t wor Greece be given all possible assistance. recognition and the re-establishment of formal diplomatic relations is one of the asiest, best and quickest means of helping straighten out the tangled situation. it will stabilize conditions and help Greece in her task of co rlidating the Greek race in the confines of European Greece, a task_which should have the sup- port of the whole civilized world. The permanent esiabliShment of the refugees in the normal economic life of Greece will not only save the refugees themselves, but will be a distinct step toward a final solution of the near eastern question. B. . SALMON. Defends Milk Union. Producer Says Hope of Fair Profit Is In Organizing. o The Editor of Thy Star: I have read with much interest your editorials in The Star of Sep- tember 20 on “Ald to the Farmer and the Milk Situation.” The milk producer is a farmer. Every citi- 7en of Washington should he inter- ested in fthe prosperity of the nearb fyrmer. These milk producers buy their supplies in Washington; their wives and daughters patronize the shops of this city; they are practically part and parcel of our population are our neighbors and friends. are, therefore, per- sonally interested in their welfare. It is to our interest that they may have an opportunity to make a rea onable profit on their labor and in- estment 1 am th =0 of re- should - owner of a dairy in ginia. My family is a cons milk and its products in Washing- ton. 1 am interested both in pro- duction and consumption of milk and its_products. What are the facts in this so- called war? The milk producers realize that the only hope of a rea- sonable profit lies in co-operation. In- dividually, they are at the mercy of the distributor. Collectively, they ve a voice in maintaining their just rights. The distributors make the same profit on milk no matter what price the farmer gets. In every price reduction to the consumer the producer alone has suffered. No dis tributor_in Washington has ever lost a cent by reduction in the price of milk. 1 wish every citizen of this city could read the testimony given before the District committee when the milk bill was under consideration. The two distributors who are fight- ing the union of milk producers most vigorously in this testimony di closed their profits. The sums were staggering. Why should not these millionaires share part of the re- duction in price? Our organization proposes to bring the same quantity of high grade milk into the city that Is now supplied, and énough more to meet all increas- ing demands. We will offer it to the present distributors. If they refuse %o use it the fauit is not ours. What do they propose? To get milk from new and distant sources. The health office under its presert regulations Will grant permits until the new sources of supply can be inspected, provided the herd has been tubercu- lin tested. Some of these sources may be 200 miles or more distant. Some of this unisspected milk will probably be from herds where prop- or sahitary precautions are not ob- Served. The inspectors of the health Qepartment are limited in number and functions by insufficient appro- priations. It may be months before the officials of the health office can inspect these new sources of supply. There is an additional disadvantage in such distant dairies. The milk must necessarily be .older. The frelght charges must necessarily be greater. Our citizens are surely con- cerned in such matters as these. The Maryland-Virginia producers of milk, if driven to extremes, will doubtless undertake the role of dis- tributors. In this case, the final out- come wiil be production and distri- Hution under the same management. To my mind, this is the ideal solu tion of the present problem. Such an event would profit both dairy farmer nsumer. and city co P Vir- mer of Organ Grinder’s Monkey Not Without Champion To ;’-»qn of The Star: i ANSWERS TQ QUESTIONS Q. When ‘will the exhibition drills begin at Fort Myer?—F. C. M. A. A definite date has not been set, but it will probably be about the mid- dle of November. v Q. What was the price of a copy of the daily Evening Star of December 16, 1552—R. J. H. * A. At Its establishment in 1852, the price of The Evening Star was 2 cents. The Sunday edition did not come into existence until 1905, its price being 5 cents. Q. How much.dld the President’s yacht cost and where was it built? —E. K. P. A. The Mayflower was built for Og- den Goelet, a New York capitalist, at Clydesbank, Scotland, 1896. 1t was bought by the United States govern- ment, during the Spanish war, for $430,000. C Q. How many Masons are there in the United States?—D. E. W. A. According to a recent compil. tion by the Scottish Rite there are 2,850,810 Masons in the United States. Q. Can a cat see —A M. P. A. A cat can see better In the dusk than a human being can becaus the cat’s eyes are sensitive to ultra-violet rays. Its pupils are capable of greater expansion than those of & man or of almost any other animal, thus admit- ting more light. The cat uses whiskers as feelers in the dark. Its surefootedness is a great help to it. The belief that it can see by night as well as by day 18, however, errone- ous. Q. What was the ratio of repre- sentation in Congress 100 years ago and what s the present ratio?— D.P. M A. In 1820 there was apportioned one representative for every 40,000 people, the total number being 213. In 1920 there was one represent tive for every 211,807, the number b: ing 435. Q. How much is a weight ton as ap- plied to Uaited States shipping?—T. B. A. The United States Shipping Board says that the weight ton in the United States and in British countries is the Cnglish long or gross ton of 2,240 pounds. In France and other coun- tries having the metric system a weight ton is 1,204.6 pounds. Q. When are the first and last kill- ing frosts likely to oceur in the lati- tude of southern New York state?— H F. P, A. According to “Farmer” Dunn, ex- weather forecaster of the United States weather bureau, the average dat of killing frosts in southern New York, central Pennsylvania, Vir- ginia, West Virginia, northern Ken- tucky, central Indiana, central Illinois, southern lowa and central Kansas, are: First frost, October 15; last April 15. in the dark? | Q. How many locomotive push?—D. T. A. Number 5105 of the road. one of the largest in the world, has pushed 1 cars in a test. This engine weighs 432 tons and has twenty-four drive wheels. Q. Was the accusation of practicing witcheraft ever brought against an but poor or illiterate persons Salem, Mass.?—T. M. A. Perhaps the most notable of the Salem “witches” was the Rev. George Burroughs, a graduate of Harvard of the class of 1670, and a former pastor at Salem village. Becoming involved in a parish quarrei in that place, he removed to a pastorate in Maine. He was brought back to Salem on ac- cusation May 4, committed May 9. loaded cars can i locomotives in it was the on ble ruliy Editors by various processes of rea- soning generally arrive at this ver- dict in discussing the opinion of At- torney General Daugher! there was no “emergency” existing which would permit transforming the United States Navy into a force of fllicit “booze” hunters. The decision is considered all the more pleasing in that it specifically sets forth just who is responsible for prevent {liquor smuggling into the Unfited States and emphasizing once again t only Congress has the power td allot additional duties to the armed forces of the United States “Everybcdy AWar the Chi- cago Daily News, “that the negli gence, weakne and corruption civil oficials are chiefly responsibie for non-enforcement. It the im- perative duty of Congress and state legislatures to vote ample funds for prohibition enforcement. It is also the duty of Congress o to revise the Volstead act that it will not go be- vond the eighteenth amendment to the Constitution h)"uufla»\m:: hev- erages of low alcoholic contents. Here is the true way of making prohibi tion readily enforceable. It wt)u',(! be worse than futile, of course, for Co gress to offend public opinion by pass- ing hysterical legiglation concern the use of the military and nav forces against individuals or com- paratively small bands of bootles- gers. proper functions. To those their ac- ti vities should be confined.” * ok ok ¥ That is in part the view of the New York Evening World, but it sharply dissents from the Daugherty view that “public opinion” has much to do with enforcement of the law because “there used to be a theory that in a democracy no law could be a good law that failed to prove its wisdom by winning general respect. We have changed all that. A good law is any law that organized fa- naticism can’ frighten Congress into passing.” Disregarding the logic, or fllogic, of this observation, the Brook- lyn Eagle insists ‘“enforcement of prohibition {s the plain duty of the executive branch of the government. The Volstead act rests upon a parity with all other federal laws. It is yet to be proved that the govern- ment has made a maximum effort to enforce it and failed. The Navv has a fine tradition to maintain—a tradition in which all ranks feel a justifiable pride. This tradition should not be frittered away in any such business as the pursuit of whis- Kky-loaded launches and private yachts full of gin. We should present a sorry spectacle to the world if our civil laws were turned over — e | is ment has decreed that an organ grinder cannot obtain a license to ex- hibit a monkey in the streets of Wash- ington. The reasons alleged are so trivial that this appears to be a case of petty persecution of the poor. No doubt, as stated, “the bite of a monkey could result fatally,” So could the bite of a dog, but dogs are allowed. It is equally true that ‘‘dread germs ht lurk in their furry coats,” but o ore g0 than in the fur of coats. If Washington were without a single dog, cat, rat or fly to spread disease it might be in order to investigate other sources of danger, but under the circumstances it seems cruel and futlle to deprive & man of his liveli- 00d no more good is ;cuam- its | a i ie rafl- | ded | N e Refusal to Set the U. S. Navy Chasing Bootleggers Upheld finding | The Army and Navy have their | BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN tried August gust 19, Q. What caused the Virginia nat- ural bridge?—A. B. D. A. The present structure was left by the collapse of the remainder of the roof of a tunnel formed, accord- ing to eland, “by water percolating through a joint or fissure sibwatt =g stream, thence along a bedding piuna and emptying under a fali or ramd of the stream channel thus formed was g enlarged un all th stream w verted from the stream bed belq point of ingress, leaving a bridge.” The bridge thus formed has a span of 9 feet and is from 50 to 150 ¢ wide. The thickness of its crows about 40 feet and its arch 1s fabove the stream. A public passes over it. and executed Au- 1 road Q. What towns in_the United States are below sea leve R. W A. The geological survey say: the following cities in Impe ley, Calif., are belo: i perial, 60 feet below feet below; Brawley, Q. What has become comet?—J. L. K. A. This comet was visible at inter- s of slightly over six and a half years. At its appearance in 1846 it had divided into two parts. In 1852 the parts were 1,500,000 miles asunder. It has not been scen since, and the presumption is that it has disint grated. forming material for sk ing stars. .Q. How pare in size with dog?—W. T. H. A. The modern Boston bull half the size of the Englis that 4 val- 112 feet be of Biela's does the Boston bull eom- the English bull- about bull are inter canned fruit . G. S. pla Wil left ng to go United Ays: States Most can Rey {and thawing « the lcome flabby and gives i{Such a change, oW | alter the wholesomen | value of the materia | chinge ' the texture, appe | palatability. The actual varies with the different canned foods and in gen what similar te damag freezing the same food in condition.” uses h done. by gl the fresnf/ ere a certain time that ng are declared too worn for . Coinage he point at egal validity, In the Tni s which have lost 1 per cent of their vears from date of Junts. fa tender ~hy leg! we of 1 twenty proportional or shorter legal weight W the . X ht ohn Wil stian people school rey D borne most be taken takes first pla i m sccond. | girls, with M 11 q. w | colum l. A. This {"section of a advertisemer away persor sonal cod communicati city tative, . with hat is meant agony applie to that set aside for missing or run- appeals f 1, per- ess and such (Nend_your questions to The Star Information Bureaw. Fredevic, J. Has kin. ‘director, 1220 North Capitol street. Th ; charge for this service is 2 cents in stamps for re- turn postage.) { i 4 for ‘their enta cement to the forces of the " United States * armed Indorsing this argument preciating well that men of both branches wil to know de 1 be p that their duties hav itely settled,” the Albany Knick- wker Press is cenvinced, “when all the negatives are established, per it will be known just what done. In the meantime there something Lootle, haps be will be respite can i approach and for ntine that on en- for quipped with actual uously it s law enforcement negatives. If | forced the enfo; weapons. the law becau eritical, | enforceanle. T cailed upon the dinary the mounta shining body hans sepdin, zion revenus ment_of sheriffs he smugglers. ¢ demonstrated cannot thrj ement ruling was po the Louisville Time: “the n is still enfor courts have government for action. What i, alleled re ix moon- running. But no- it of asking for the Army into these re- prohibition. The 1d the dry enforc working with the constabulary to hold in check and they doinz a pretty good job of It Frohibition enforcement . in difficult {and even dangerous. But it is prac- ticable with the agencies established | for that pu That view i armly indorsed by the Cleveland | Plain Deal which, turn, insiste | ting machinery of justice is {adequate if those responsible for | using it are true to_their oaths and their citizenship. Violations of the law are shamefully frequent and sometimes shamefuily atant, but exery indication is t the sitnation improv There is a problem, but not an emergency.” ’/ * k ¥ The fact that the Attorney neral, in\ his report dealing dire with enforcement, a day previous, referred to the “sordid story of as bribery and corruption- that finds ige way into the sanctums where the ins olability of the law is presumed to be held sacred” is recalled by the Philadelphia Bulletin, which insists “this deserves the most thoughtful rewding, because it is one of the most serious phases, of the prohibition question.” Agreeing fully with this contention, the New York Tribune ! takes occasion, likewlse, to point out that_the report “shows the law has not been flouted with impunity” and assails the suggestion of gie Attorney General that the people will not sups port the men who have to enforcé the law, insisting that “the peopls in the large do want to give the pro: hibition cxperiment a fair test and would rather see the enforcement army adopt the fighting mood thaj to abandon its hard-won trenches.” } In addition, as the Peoria Trané ript_reasons out the possibilities. “the business’ of bootlegging ulti mately will be reduced to routine an sales will be made on small marg] of profit. Organized politics w spoil its graft by overreaching af overloading, and those who engay in illicit traffic, tiring of politl blackmall, graft and prosecution, i turn to other employment. The &3~ ioon collapsed because it was forows to carry too great a burden of pegi- ties and was compelled to settle with too many agents in order to live. Bootlegging will , take the same course. An illegitimate business is autocollapsible.” ‘A possible solution, suggested by the Waterbury Republican, is to “eut all the red tape and turn over to the prohibition unit some of the surpl-lg Supply of small boats left by the wai With a_sufficient appropriation b: Congress (o equip the boats for the prohibition unit in & way to comi LS TeRect Jorconc lawe. B ¥, G sible under uin- not 4 and not ex- true in the law nd the illicit a assination,