Evening Star Newspaper, June 22, 1923, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR,|ue" With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. ¥RIDAY..........June 28, losal THEODORE W. NOY .Editor ¥he Evening Star Newspaper Company 20 Offce. 1122 8t. and Benneyivania Ave. New Offic Chicago Ofice: Tower Building. Furopean Office: 16 Regeat St., London. England. The Ev Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1y Daily only “1yr., $6.00: 1 mo.. Sunday only. 1yr., $2.40: 1 mo., 20c All Other States. Member of the Associated Press, The Associated Press tiie ‘use for republicat! credited to it or not otherwise credits paper and al: local news pul Msled “berein. All rights of publication of wpecial dispatches here — World Court Modification. President Harding's speech at St. Louis, the first of the series which he is to deliver in the course of his trip 1o and from Alaska, sounds clearly the note of adherence to the proposal that the United States join the world court under restrictions and conditions that keep it aloof from the league of nations. This speech, however, is not a chal- lenge to the President’s critics and op- ponents in respect to the world court plan. It is rather @ move of settle- ment and agreement, for it makes even more ewphatically than hereto- fore a definite reservation egainst membership or participation in the league, and suggests, moreover, that o be more fully satisfactory the world court should be even further removed than the present from the league. The President sounds a personal note when he says: I recognize the constitutional re- | Quirement of Senate ratification, and T believe that the tide of public senti- Red Trade Union International of oscow.” The statement points out that all these unions draw to them- selves the worst elements of indus- trial America; that their object is first the control and later the destruction of the United Mine Workers, *‘com- mitted as it is to the principle of col- lective bargaining and the perpetuity of established governmental institu- tions.’ The latest move to penetrate the United Mine Workers is under the | auspices of a body styling itself “‘the :-t- Ber| progressive international committee one Main | of the United Mine Workers of Amer- ica.” The notorious W. Z. Foster is prominent in it. The real executive body of the United Mine Workers re- pudiates the movement, and says, $8.40: 1 mo., 706 | Thege individuals with ample funds coming through communistic channels from foreign shores” are seeking to overthrow the real leadership and set up their own dictatorship within its ranks. It is encouraging to note that the responsible heads of union labor or- ganizations in the United States are cognizant of the efforts of the reds of Europe to gain a foothold in labor unions in America, and to see that thelr loyalty to American institutions and the aims of labor here impel them to resent the undertaking and to warn those in their ranks of the sinister purpose underlying it. —_——————— The Berengaria's Liquor. Decision by this government to carry into effect the prohibition en- forcement act, as sustained by the Su- preme Court in respect to the importa- tion of liquors from abroad, even to the point of breaking consular seals placed on liquors on British ships at British ports and seizing them ag_con- traband, is a logical carrying forward of the policy of enforcement which the law requires, regardless of the pos- sibility of international complications. It appears, however, from a dispatch from London today that there will be no such complications. Seizure of the Berengaria’s liquor as that ship ar- rives in New York today will not, it is !indicated in this dispatch, be resented by the government at London, inas- much as the British jurisdiction ceases | ment will be reflected in the Senate. I | when once the ship has passed beyond am so eager for the ultimate accom- lishment that 1 am interested in |the three-mile limit, armonizing opposing elements, more anxious to effect our helpful commit- ment to the court than I am to score @ victory for executive Insistence. This is obviously an invitation to those who have been named irrecon- cilables in the Senate to discuss the question with the view not of a fac- There can be no question whatever about the right of the United States to prohibit certain importations, and to carry that prohibition to the point of refusal to allow their presence on board ships entering American har- bors, even though the goods are un- tional victory in legislative procedure | der seal for use after the ship has but of adopting the wisest national course. In short, the President's speech is designed to prevent a split in the re- publican party over adherence by this country to the court. Without weaken- ing in his demand that the United States participate in this court, the President has now outlined far-reach- ing and entirely new proposals to divorce the“court from the league of nations. Apparently he has recognized that, at a time when harmony in the ranks of the republicans is vital unless the democrats are to be restored to power, the world court has become an i national law operates. left port and gone back on the home- ward voyage. That right is fuliy sus- tained by American court decisions, and in a matter of this kind no inter- American law prevails within the three miles from shore on this side; British law prevails within three miles from shore on that side; international law prevails on the high seas between these two boun- daries of national jurisdiction. Unreasonable though it may seem from a British viewpoint, or French or Italian or other nationality, to insist that no liquor shall be kept on ships while in American ports—a ruling issue threatening to split the former | modified to permit “medicinal llquors” party wide open. The opposition to the | —it i5, nevertheless, the law of this court plan as originally proposed by the President to the Senate has un- questionably grown with the passing ‘weeks rather than diminished. There is much in a name. An inde- pendent world court, for example, will land and of these territorial waters. Governments or ship owners which dislike the law and question its equity or its necessity have the recourse of keeping their ships out of these waters if they wish to go to that extreme in smell far sweeter to the irreconcilable | order to carry liquors on the round republicans than does the “league|trip of each merchantman. There is ‘court For the “league court” designation of the Permanent Interna- tional Court of Justice, familiarly is the | N0 danger of a withdrawal of British or French or other ships from these ports on such a ground. The carrying Xnown today as the wagld court, which | trade is far too important to the other has been saddled upon that tribunal by Borah, Moses, Lodge and other re- maritime powers to be sacrificed thus. The United States has always ob- publican leaders in the Senate, who | Served scrupulously, as a government, have in the past opposed every effort | the embargo prohibitions of other na- to drag the United States into the | tions. It has never sought to enforce league of nations. To go to the coun- its views regarding shipments upon try with an appeal that the United |Other governments. It therefore now States adhere to the “league court” |asks that it be treated in the same would be idle, in view of the sentiment [ Wa¥, and that it laws be respected, existing here against the league. To|Whatever the inconveniences and dif- Ko to the country with an appeal to adhere to an independent tribunal, ficulties, through observance of the law of this land which prohibits the divorced absolutely from the league as | importation, even under seal, of al- proposed now by the President, is a | coholic beverages. Tts present decision horse of another color. The President has now proposed that members of the court continue to ‘be nominated by the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague, and that the members of the world court elect the new members, instead of having them elected by the league of nations. MHe has proposed that the financlal di- rection of the court be taken from the league of nations and given to the Court of Arbitration or to a commis- sion set up by the nations adhering to the wotld court. The suggestion that the world court be so changed in its connection with the league of nations must be passed upon by the members of the league as ‘well as by the Senate of the United States. The President sounded a note of optimism in regard to the willing- mess of other nations to accept such a plan. should be placed in a position to per- ‘petuate itself is a question that also must be given consideration —_—— Ocean liners are still making speed records in the face of the obvious fact that airship travel will soon leave them as far behind as the steamship has left the old sailing craft. European travel now invites the student of economic conditions as well es the sightseeing touris: ‘Warning Against the Reds. But whether a world court| i to carry through fully in the enforce- ment of the law and the prompt ac- ceptance of its right by England, chief of the maritime powers, are signs to be welcomed by all Americans who believe in law. ————————— Having decided that the attitude of the board of trustees does not accord with accurate reasoning processes, Mr. Meikeljohn naturally felt doubt- ful as to finding the support necessary to his association as a professor of logic. ; —— Washington's base ball enthusiasm never falters. slips toward last place the incident is discussed with much feeling as it nothing like it had ever happened be- fore. Perhaps the only person who can understand the conflicting emotions repressed within a Raliroad Labor Board is a base ball umpire. The June-time college demonstra- tions have had their usual interest, but Ambherst has managed to lead in pub- lic attention. The Life-Saving Service. Every man who goes to sea, and | those who remain behind them on the shores, must pay a tribute of gratitude to the memory of Sumner I. Kimball, who died Wednesday in this city at 3t is to the credit of the interna-|the age of eighty-eight. For he was tional exeéutive board of the United | the “father of the life:saving service.” Mine Workers of America that it|He virtually created and highly de- wnould issue a profoundly earnest|veloped that remarkable organization warning to the members of that or- of men charged with the duty of res- genization against the insidious and | cuing the lives of those exposed to sinister efforts of the reds to creep into | death in the waves. its membership under disguise. There It called for vision to see the need is a clear note of Americanism in the |and the possibilities of service along pronunciamento of the executive | the coasts of this country. Mr, Kim- board which should arouse every mem- | ball, then a clerk in the Treasury De. ber of the order .to the menace of the reds' approach. partment, had that vision. He saw that' rescus work when ships went ‘The statement of the executive board | ashore in the storms that lash the voints to the existence of a number of | coasts of this continent was imper- ‘organizations which are opposed to the | fectly done through lack of means and fundamental peinciples of the Uhited | men. Thers was no patrolling of the Mine Workérs, such as the Big Union | shores. If a ship struck, the dwellers ©f Northwestern Canads, the Working | along the coast went to the scene and . Clzss Union in the southwest, the In-J did what they could to bring ashore Workers of the Wouid, ana} e passengers aud coew. And what Every time the club | g THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., FRIDAY, JUNE 22 1923. _ . ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS By Frederic J. Haskin they could d6 was practically nothing. The life.saving service development took two lines, patrol for the giving of information, and the equipment and personnel for the rendering of eid. Un- der Sumner Kimball's direction both of these features were developed. A patrol was organized that covered the entire coast day and night until it was as though one vast arm had been stretched from one end of the shore Iine to the other. Then came improvements in equip- ment, guns for throwing life lines over stranded ships, breeches buoys and other means of bringing ashore those marooned on them; great lifeboats made more and more seaworthy and less sinkable, finally power boats for reaching wrecks in dangerous and difficult waters. There is no romance in the story of American invention more thrilling than that of the devel- opment of these means of saving lives, The life-saving service of today is based squarely upon the foundations laid by Mr. Kimball during his forty- four years of service, half his own life. 1t is impossible to reckon the values redeemed through it, the lives that have been saved, the cargoes that have been salvaged, the wrecks that have been prevented through the sig- nals given from the shore by the patrols. This service has cost but |a minute fraction of its value. It is |in itself 2 monument to the man who | brought it into being and developed | it to its point of high efficiency. There should, however, be some further me- people whom he served. Money in Refuse. The municipal collection and dis- posal of garbage, ashes and trash is working well, and the refuse division of the District government has re- celved during the present flscal year $350,000 for reclaimed materials such as grease, paper, rags and bottles. The appropriation for the operation of the refuse division for the current fiscal year was $800,000, and the receipts of $350,000 from reclaimed waste leave the cost of the collection service to taxpayers $450,000. The sum derived from the sale of the reclaimed waste constitutes a record for our refuse divi- sion, being roughly double the sum received from that source last vear. The higher price for waste is given as | the reason for the greater income, but it is probable that improved methods of treating garbage and sorting other refuse and better business methods in marketing the salvaged goods have | piayed a part in the case. There have been theorfes in the past that the refuse-collecting department of a city might be made selt-support- ing, but it is believed that the theory 1 has never been made good in practice. If our refuse division becomes per- manently one-half of self-supporting it will probably set an example to other cities. The refuse division, likc every other branch of the District govern- jment, is having its troubles because of the growth of population and the spread of the city. Refuse must be collected along many miles of new streets and from thousands of new homes and apartment houses, but the money appropriated for doing this is the same amount as allowed for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1922. The District government is having a hard time to keep pace with the growth of Washington. —_———— A large amount of interesting com- ment has been evolved relating to who would be a good third-party cardidate, in case there were such a thing as a third party. —_———— Sclentific speculation as to whether the climate is changing always retires at this time of year, when the re- hearsals for a hot Fourth of July regu- larly occur. ——— Seashore authorities are now mo busily engaged in looking out for boot- leg demonstration at sea that they have no time for supervising the bath- ing sult shortages along the shore line. ————— Numerous Itallans anxious to come to America arouse doubts as to whether the Mussolini regime is a unanimous popular success. —_——— Col, Bryan, having sold his paper to Senator Capper, will continue to ! write for it. This will not render the senator's editorfal position one of en- viable eage. Blue-penciling one of Col. Bryan's articles rich in rhetorical charm, yet boldly contradictory of sclentific belief, will be a delicate in- ]telloctull enterprise. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. An Example Rejected. Honey bee! Honey bee! Whah is you a-gwine, Climbin' roun’ de clover top an’ swingin’ on de vine? Gatherin’ up en’ layin’ by ev'ything dat’s sweet, Totin’ of it. home 'c'ase you's got mo’ dan you kin eat. White folks keeps a-sayin' why Doesn’ I work hahd like he! Huh! Un! Not foh me! ‘Wouldn' be no honey bee. Jes’ keeps on a-workin® an’ a-layin’ by de stuff, Has to buil' bay windows 'c'ase de house ain’ big enough. When de callers comes aroun’, nebber is at home, Ca’se he's on an expedition foh to fill de honeycomb. ‘When de winter gets aroun’ ‘White folks comes an’ eats it free. Huh! Uh! Not foh me! ‘Wouldn® be no honey bee! A Biased Critic. The man Who shouts that times are hard, You will observe full oft, Is looking for & berth in life Partioularly soft. Improvement Suggested. ‘The automobile, To take no chance, Should elways carry he morial to denote the gratitude of the i | mately 95,000 automobiles here, Q. What is the highest price ever paid for real estate in Washington?— T. A. A. J. Erls Powell says that the re- cent sale of the George Washington Hotel property, at 15th street and New York avenue, at about $125 a square foot, is probably a . record price. Q. How much money is invested in automobiles in the District?—R. G. A. The American Automobile As- sociation says that there are lnpro'xl- n- cluding those owned by out-of-town people. Accepting an average valua- tion of 3850, the cars here would be worth more than $60,000,000. Q. What district is meant when old Inbabitants speak of “Six Bulldings'? —A. G. A. This was a name given to a sec- tion between the White House and Georgetown. For a period of time sufficient to make an impression, there were but six buildings in this section. Q. How many policemen are there in Washington, and how many police boxes?—P. T. A. The police force of the District consists of 95 officers, 829 privates, 36 drivers, who are privates; 61 street crossing officers, who are paid by the street car companies, and 68 civil- ians, making a total force of 1,089. Thefe are 488 police boxes in the Dis- rict. Q. Who pronounced George Wash- ington the “first in war, first in peace and first in the hearts of his country- men?"—G. H. . A. This cocomium was pronounced by John Marshall, five days after the death of Washington, in the third of a serfes of resolutions offered in the House of Representatives. Aft- erward John Marshall became Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court, but was at the time of Wash- Ington's death a representative in Congress from Virginia. Q. How many tricks below the line can be counted for a revoke a® auc- tion bridge?—M. W. A. The declaring side may take two tricks toward game, or score 50 in honors. Should the declarer re- voke, his opponents score 50 in the honor column, the declarer scoring nothing except honors held. Q. How far below the surface does the hard coal of Pennsylvania lie?— E. W. A. Pennsylvania anthracite present being mined at is at depths Irish Duke Faces P For Fraud and By the MARQUISE De FONTENOY. Ireland’s premier duke, seventh of his line, head of the historic house of Fitzgerald, whose English peerages ontitle him to a seat in the house of lords at Westminster, and who served in the great war as a lieutenant of the Irish guards, has, after a series of protracted hearings in Bow street volice court, in London, been com- mitted for trial under heavy ball at Old Bailey; that is to say, at w- gate, on criminal charges of purchas- ing jewels and automobiles on cred- it, without notifying the vendors that he was an undischarged bank- rupt, and then selling the automo- biles and pawning the jewels without paying for them. This, according to the terms of English law, is a mis- demeanor, and not felony 1f the offenses for which he is held were of the latter category, the po- lice " court magistrate would have been obliged to commit him for tria by the house of lords; that is to say. by his fellow peers,’sitting as the highest tribunal of the land, under the presidency of a lord high stew- ard, appointed by the crown for the occaston, and who, in accordance with modern custom, would be the lord high chancellor. But the crimes laid at the door of the young duke, who is thirty-one years of age, are misdemeanors, and, owing to this, he will have to submit to trial by the ordinary tribunals. The offender is not free to choose his own tribunal. and, contrary to popular _impression, trial by the house of lords can’ hardly be con- sidered as a privilege, although de scribed as such. For a peer, guilty of felony, has got to be tried by the house of lords, whether he likes it or not, while in cases of misdemeanor he cannot put forward any preten- sions to trial by his fellow peers. * % ok % The last case of a trial for felony by the house of lords was when, in 1901, the present Earl of Russell was charged with a felony of bigamy for having, as an Englishman, married in America an American woman of the name of Marion Somerville, on the strength of a divorce which he had obtained from his first wife at Reno, without having secured from the English tribunals any dissolution of the ties that bound him to his first wife. As his American divorce was declined recognition by English law, his first wife charged him with adul- tery and with bigamy, and on the latier count he was convicted of bigamy by the house of lords and sent to prison for a year, or twelve months, Other trials of peers by the house of lords were those of Earl Fer- rers, in 1760, for a particularly atro- clous murder, and of the Lords Kil- marnock, Cromarty, and Balmerino, on charges of high treason in connec- tion with the last of the Stuart insur- rections. But the Duke of Leinster will have to take his place with those com- mitted jointly with him for the frauds of which he {s accused, and will have to take his place beside them in the prisoner’s dock of Old Bailey; and will be pcssibly even sent off by the judge to serve an imprisonment with hard la- bor, the first occasion of anything of the kind with a duke during the last few hundred year: The duke, during the police court hearings, at Bow street, gave a lurid account of the financi troubles which he had undergone since he suc- ceeded to the famlily honors and es- tates on his brother’s death last year. He seems to have fallen into the hands of shady adventurers, Who used him for their own sinister purposes. He conveyed the idea of being an Irishman of more than the ordinary degree of recklessness and extrava- gance, without any vestige of moral responsibility in monetary or com- mercial transactions, while the evi- dence against his confederates, one of whom, at any rate, was with him on the occasion of his recent stay in America, where at one time he was on the stage, was very black, indee The affair has gone so far now that it is hopeless to look for any compro- mise, and in the event of the duke and 'his associates being held guilty by the London jury, before whom he will be tried, he will have to go to jail in one of the suburban peniten- tlariés in London and serve a term of imprisonment with particularly hard labor. PR Without relieving the governments of Austro-Hungary, Csechoslovakia and Poland of the blame which they have incurred by refraining from tak- ing and steps in the direction of their joint obligation to provide .for the weltare of ex-Empress Zita and of her children, in compensation of thé extensive estates and purely private of herself, of her &hildren er dead husband, which they d at the time of the revolu; {almost 2,000 feet. The average depth is probably in the neighborhood of four or five hundred feet. Because of the exhausting of the upper veins, it is constantly becoming necessary to mine the deeper ones. Q. How’ ghould an American flag be hung on a wall>—D, L. R. A. When the national flag is hung either, hgrizontally or vertically against a’ wall it is customary to place the union uppermost and to the left of the observer. Q. What will make glue water- Proot?—A. E. P. A. In order to render glue Insolu- ble ‘in water, even hot water, it is only necessary, when dissolving the glue for use, to add a little potas- sium bichromate to the water and to expose the glued part to the light. The proportion of potassium bichro- mate will vary ‘with circumstances, but for most purposes about 1-50 of the amount of glue will suffice. Q. What is meant by the expres- sion, “fleld of vision"?—L. L. A. By the fitld of vision we mean the ‘space in which one can see while steadily gazing at a point in the di- rect line of vision. It does not ex- | tend regularly in all directions. Q. About how many bricks does a man lay in a day?—O. W. A. The average amount of bricks which an expert bricklayer lays in eight hours is 600, Q. Where is Mount Ararat and how high is it? M. G. A. Mount Ararat ‘stands in the plain of the same name in the coun- try of Armenia in western Asia. The mountain rises in two volcanic cones known us the Great Ararat and the Little Ararat. The former, about 17.- 000 feet high, is covered with per- petual snow, In 1840 a frightful earthquake occurred changing the shape and face of the mountain and totally destroying the fertile village of Aguri. Since 1827 until the world war, Mount Ararat was the meeting place of Russian, Turkish and Persian territory. Q. How many receiving ships has the United States Navy and what are they used for?—V. V. A. The Navy now has six receiving ships. Men are assigned to them temporarily between permanent sta- tions. ' That is, when & man is tran ferred from one station he is of! placed on a receiving ship until his orders come through for his next sta- tion. (Mr. Haskin will write direct to any one who wants a question an- swered. The Star pays for thi ice except pos olice Court Trial May Be Sent to Jail | 1918, it must be admitted that much of her present penury, as well as her very straightened circumstances, is due to the gross dishonesty of cer- tain intimate members of her hou hold and entourage, men and women in whom she and her husband re- posed the uttermost trust and con- fidence by reason of the length of their service in the employ of the formerly reigning dynasty of the dual empire. It may be recalled that the emperor and empress were taken utterly u wares by the revolution, that they did not appreciate its importance or ifs character, the best proof being that they made no attempt to flee like Em- peror William, but remained with their children, first of all at one of their country places in Hungary, and then at one of their castles in Aus- tria. In fact, they remained there until spirited away secretly and in the depth of night from their Aus- trian castle, across the border into Switzerland, by Col. Strutt of the British army and Col. Sir Thomas Cunninghame, who had been special delegated by King George to care for the safety of the imperial couple and their children, and to presefve them t all costs from the horrible fa that overtook the czar and czarina and. their children. Col. Strutt had learned that an armed attack was about to be made by the insurgents upon the castle, and, without giving Charles and Zita any time to discuse matters, got them with all speed out of the country by special train, acting in behalf of the allies. During the perfod which elapsed between tne outbreak of the revolution and the'r establishment in Switzerland on the shores of the Lake of Geneva the em- peror and empress had time to collect most of her jewels, including those which he had inherited as chi:f of the house of Hapsburg, them the great diamond known : lorentine,” and a_superh necklace made in the early part of the eighteenth century for Empress Maria Theresa. The collextion i3 es- timated to have been worth from te to fifteen millions of dollars, poss‘bly more. Som of these jewels were used as collateral for the loan raised by Emperor Charles for the first of his two attempts to recover possession of the throne of Hungary, and when he made his second attempt in the fall of the same year he found himself at the end of his resources and In- trusted all the remainder of his jev els to some of his most trusted re- tainers, for the purpose of negotiat- ing . as large a loan as possivle in Paris or in London. It_mdy be recalled that Emperor Charles "was captured near Pesth. with. his consort, by the Hungarian troops and shipped off on board a British mun-of-war, down the Danube, across the Black sea, along the Med- fterranean and through the Straits of Gibraltar to Madeira, where Charles succumbed to pneumonia, leaving his wife and children virtually penniless. The agents employed by Charles and Zita took advantage of the confusion following the imperial couple’s cap- ture and deportation to Madeira to make all sorts of crooked deals with the jewels, which, according to. their declaration, had realized only $125,000, alleged to have been used by the same agents in paying the debts left by the imperial couple in Switzerlan Fortunately, the late emperor's only brother, the- Archduke Maximilian, has taken hold of the matter and has | secured the ald of the criminal au- | thorities in Switzerland and in France, with the result that Baron Bruno Steiner, the confldential pr vate secretary and keeper of the privy purse of the late Emperor Charles. and the Baroness Steiner | u | Paris on a charge of conspiracy with certain other members of the impe- rial household, some of very high rank. and with an unscrupulous in- ternational syndicate of jewel and precious stone brokers in Paris and in London, who have managed to do away with every one of the jewels possessed by the late emperor and by his wife, now his penniless widow. Whether any of the gems will ever be recovered is a matter of doubt. Possibly one or two big pieces may be traced and recovered. But the greater part have undoubtedly gone beyond recovery, and the only satis- faction which ex-Empress Zita can hope for is that those who betrayed her trust and that of her husband in such a shameful manner and robbed them of all the remnants of their property should be brought to justice and held up to international obloguy. In a Few Words. There is an absolute agreement among those who know that the crux of most of the trouble since the armi- stice o France’s fear of Germany, not immediate but eventual. —COL. E. M. HOUSE. ‘We have come to & queér pass in the history of the country when a Btat executive, or for that atter, its humblest citizen is held up to ridicule because he sugges: that an act of Congress be amended or altered. have been arrested by the police in; | {rule ! known Defends Bulgar Course. ; . Envoy Here Says Revolt Was Solely Domestic Affair. To the Editor of The : In the Sunday Star of June 17 a speclal cable from London, dated the previous day, says that while the new government of Bulgaria does not actually contain any Macedon- ians, it has two members closely allled with the Macedonians—Dr. Zankoff, the new premier, and Gen. Trotogaroft (Protogeroff?), a Mace- donian warrior. The latter is not a member of the government and is not even in Bulgaria. Dr. Zan- koff, professor of economlios in the University of Sofla, has never taken any part in politics and belongs to no party. The other members of the government come from various parties, including the socialists, but excluding the communists, and are all moderate men. What has happened in Bulgaria is a purely domestic affair due to in- ternal conditions, and has not been dictated by any foreign influences or considerations. To attribute to it pro-German or any other pro- foreign tendencies is a gratuitous as- sumption. For Bulgaria to link her fate with that of Germany under existing circumstances would be as wise as for a man who is drowning to try to save himself by holding onto another man, who is much deep- er in the water. Political men in Bulgaria, no maftter to what party they belong, are not so totally bereft of common sense. As regards the foreign policy of Bulgaria, no matter what govern- ment comes into power, it will follow the lines indicated by Mr. Stambou- lisky, numely, preservation of peace in the Balkan peninsula, loyal e cution of international treatles und obligations and maintenance of friend- ly relations with all powers, espe- clally with the neighboring states. This policy has the approval of all the political parties and the people of Bulgaria, for they all recognize that it accords best with the Interests of Bulgaria. Even the most rabid opponents of Stamboulisky in his in- ternal policy gave him their support in his foreign policy. In conclusion, I must take excep- tion to some “statements in Oliver Owen Kuhn's article on the recent events in Bulgaria. He is certainly wide of the mark when he asser that the “Bulgar peasants, long dow: trodden under the iron heel of selfish royal decrees, long exploited by in- terets close to the throne in Scfia * ® ® for the first time in centuries have received the unrestricted rights of free men. The rural. population of Bulgaria has enjoyed the same rights, privi- leges and freedom granted to all the citizens by the constitution. In the absence of any aristoeracy or a class of large landowners, the peasants, all of whom are landholders, have been neither downtrodden, nor exploited, nor enslaved. Their prosperity and the improvement in their material and social condition during the last forty-five vears of Bulgaria's politi- cal independence, reecognized by all writers on Bulgaria, prove the truth of my statemen S. PANARETOFF, Bulgarfan Minister. Fears One-Way Streets. Writer Says Little Regard Is Shown Pedestrians. To the Editor of The Star: 1 have written the District offi- cials concerning the trafic condi- tions on some of our recently desig- nated one-way streets and also desire, if permitted, to direct public atten- tion to the matter through your pa- per. I refer especially to those one-way streets used by car lines, and espe- cially 18th and 19th streets between Pennsylvania avenue and B street northwest, in the vicinity of the new Interior building. Automobiles, trucks and busses us- ing these streets move like an aval- anche, without regard for, or consid- eratiun of. the pedestrians, and ap- parently on the theory that a pedes- trian has no rights on & one-way street. The gravest danger occurs when street cars are discharging passen- gers, for while the autos on the right of such cars observe the fifteen-foot stop rule. those in the center of thc street and to the left, rush on, each striving to get ahead of the other, with the result that passengers at- tempting to cross either in front or to the rear of cars from which they have just alighted find themselves in a position of extreme danger as the autos that observe the fifteen-foot art the moment the car do. with the result that the pedestriun are immediately hemmed in bj stream of reckless or impatient dr ers who seem to resent their tres pass on their domain. Recently a woman was knocked down at one of these points and the driver of the auto snarled at her, “You will hav to get used to these one-way streets. If these one-way streets are to be- come death traps we had better elim- inate them. Personally I am in favor of them, but believe the auto d-iver hould be advised as to their purpose rcater safety to al quired to observe the fifteen-foot rule dth of these a { where cars are discharging or taking {on passengers. I am certain if a trafiic officer was sent to observe the conditions com- plained of necessity for corrective measures would be quickly lenon- strated. P. 1. BASSETT. First Street S.W. Elms Championed as Best To the Editor of The Star: Artists and nature lovers have pub- licly acclaimed the beauty of the eim trees on New Hampshire ayenue, the lindens on Massachusetts avenue, the sycamores on 11th street, the Ginkhos in the Agricultural grounds and the Japanese cherry trees in Potomac Park. What to my view is the finest archway of trees in the National Cap- ital, however, i3 never mentioned in the public prints and probably is un- outside of its environment. This archway is eims which line both sides of 1st street southwest from M street to Buzzards point, on the river front, & distance of about half a mile. The alignment of these trees is so perfect and their foliage so luxuriant that the sunlight, even in midsummer, shows only in small spots on the roadway and sidewalks. Small truck farms, in an advanced state of culti- vation, border the street on both sides and the few dwellings to be seen resemble the farmhouses of olden times. Lovers of nature would enjoy the view. Though out of the beaten line of travel, the section is easily reached by automobile or by walking—the method T used. ALICE J. CARTON. Finds Drivers Ignore Common Courtesy Rule To the Editor of The Star 1 would like to ask if you could not lend the influence of your paper to remedy a state of things that is very annoying and apt to be dangerous. I have been motoring in the surround- fng country and parks at night lately, and find that not more than one mo- torist in elght will return the cour- tesy when I dim my lights. That means thet they go ahead blissfully with the full glare of their lights, while I have great difficulty in seeing where I am going. It seems a sham that this courtesy of not be lived up to by motorists in § LYNCH LUQU. formed by giant ! the road should CAPITAL KEYNOTES Catch him! Stop that ‘“rubber- neck”! He is accused of robbery! He 18 alleged to be stealing the fair name of thousands of estimable Washing- tonlans. He glories in his wit. Halt, or I'll fire—or rather his boss will fire him. “Look to the left, as we pass the next great building. 1In there are thousands of loafers. They begin loafing at 9 o'clock in the morning— except when they have been out late the night before. They quit loafing at 4:30 in the afternoon. That makes them tired, so they have a month's vacation and a month's sick leave. They are pald twice what they earn, and it all comes out of your taxes. Now face the other way. We are now passing the Department of —. It contains more loafers than the other.” * X X % Who steals my purse, steals trash, But he who robs me 6f my good name ‘Takes that which not enriches him, But makes me poor indeed. * ¥ ¥ *x Undoubtedly, the slanderous ha- rangue of the rubberneck wit is not spoken in malice, but that it may raise a laugh. But such wit is not humor. Humor is always kind and sympathetic. It never carries a sting. It sees the pleasant contrasts, the happy, unexpected turn of drollery— always genial. Some one says of “Wit is negative, analytical, de- structive; humor is creative.” If “rub- study humor—not sarca: —they will win more booste: * x * % Reference has been made in this column to the economical and ap- petizing menus prepared by the Quar- termaster Corps for the training camps this summer. The writer is indebted to Maj. R. L. Foster of subsistence branch, Quartermaster Corps, for details of the official menu, supplied to mess officers for their guidance in providing a balanced ra- tion, giving to each soldler 4,600 calories a day. This is a much heavier or richer diet than the office man and the housekeeper require at home. For home folks, the diet could be cut down probably 30 per cent in calories, though it does not follow that that would proportionately re- duce the cost, for it would largely, the substitution of more vegetables and fruit and less meat. % As a sample of the ration provided T quote the Sunday menu—the richest of the week—and also the Wednesday menu, the cheapest. cost, based on 100 men, exceeds the week's average; on Wednesday it runs under the average. Sunday: Breakfast—Cantaloupes or berries, corn flakes or oatmeal, fried bacon and scrambled eggs, coffec Sugar and milk for fruit, cereals and coffee. Cost, $1 Dinner—Fresh vegetable chicken a la_creole, fresh string he:.ns_ creamed new potatoes, Young onions, sliced cucumbers, bread, jelly roll, lemonade. Cost, $21 Supper (cold)—Poiato salad, sliced {summer sausage, green apple sauce. bread and butter, iced tea and fres| whole milk. Cost, $1.15. Total cost of ration, §52.15. * Kk ok X Wednesday: Breakfast—Bananas or fresh berries, cream of wheat and oat- meal, beefsteak and onions, toasted bread, coffee. Sugar and milk for fruit, cereal and coffee. Cost, $10.85. Dinner — Fresh vegetable soup, baked salt pork and beans, sphagetti (Italian style), sliced tomatoes and onions, fresh apple dumplings, lemon sauce, bread. Cost, $10.80. Supper—Mutton stew, hot biscuifs, baked potatoes. butter, iced tea and fresh whole milk. Cost, $15.05. Total cost of ration, $36.10. * Ok K K It will be noted that the Sunday tation overran by $7.15 the average soup, Prohibition Comes Hurtling Back to Political Arena. New York state has fired the first gun in what the St. Paul Dispatch (Independent) calls “the battle for temperance against prohibition.” As a result editorfal opinion the country over agrees with the New York Times (independent democratic) that “the whole matter of prohibition has been thrown into politics as never before.” Editorial discussion of the repeal of the Mullan-Gage enforcement law of New York, finally when Gov. Smith signed the Cuvillier bill, develops almost as many angles and points of view as there are pa- pers discussing it. However, com- ment falls under the general heads of condemnation and support of Go mith's action, and discussion of its defects upon enforcement in New York state: upon Smith's political career, and upon the probable future nistory of Volsteadism as a national policy. In the opinion of the Kansas City Times (independent) the New York governor has done “an anarchistic thing,” having, as the Topeka Capital (republican) declares, “gone as far as possible, short of laying himself liable to impeachment, to destroy prohibition enforcement in his state.” But to expect Al Smith to do other- wise than he has done is to expect him “to be a weathercock who veers his position with every passing wind, and the Albany Times-Union (inde- ipendent) declares emphatically that “Gov. Smith is not that kind of a man,” and the Newark News (inde- pendent) finds it “possible to dissent from the conclusion he reached and yet to entertain a profound respect for his major reasons.” At any rate, points out the Wheeling Register (democratic), “he has merely fulfilled the wishes of the majority of the people of New York.” As the immediate result of the re- peal of the local enforcement law, “the Volstead act stands on one leg in the Empire state,” as the Peoria Transcript (independent) phrases it, and there is a diversity of opinion as to what that situation will mean in the matter of lawlessness. What the governor has done, the Binghamton Press (independent) says, “is to make enforcement as weak and inef- fective as possible,” and “the practical result will be that police officers, sheriffs and members’ of the state constabulary can do practically noth- ing to enforce a federal law which the governor gravely assures them they are bound to enforce. “It is easy for state officers to “disregard responsibility to the federal govern- ment,” the Huntington (W, Va.) Ad- vertiser (democratic) observes, pre- dicting that*@ew York police author- ities are not going to be greatly ex- ercised over ther or not the fed- mean, | On Sunday, the! apple sauce, | accomplished | BY PAUL V. COLLINS allowed of $45, while the Wednesday ration came under the allowance by $8.90. The total w rations cost for 100 men, $313.35, while the est mated allowance was $315, The dif ference, $1.85. covers flavoring tracts and splces. That makes the ration per man (three meuls) 45 cents, purchasi all supplies iz local markets. at mar ket rates. While the average house keeper does not buy in quantities fo 100 men, and therefore cannot use the uncut parts of beeves, there ure offsetting economies that she mu take advantage of, in not having to supply 4,600 calories, but only abou! 3,000 to 3,500 The total amount of meat in the week's rations for 1 men is: Beef, 285 pounds: bacon, pounds; chicken, 50 pounds: muttor 40 pounds; picnic ham, 40 pound liver, 50 pounds; sparerib pound corned beef, 5 pounds. Each man ha a pint of milk daily. There i appe tizing variety in all the menus. The above is practically the reg: lar Army ration (costing 20 cents plus a salad of raw vegetables f dinner, with a_pint of fresh milk buttermilk. Why spend more? * X X X Director Hines of the Veterans reau says the bureau's hospitals ¢ $24,000,000 last year, and he urge hospital management to be more e nomical; not that the cost will reduced, but that the ien get full value for all t He insists that the veter: titled to the very best care tha grateful people can give them. That is the very commendable keynote his administration * % B is sper are It is going to for all property owners o ton who violate the snow ordinanc on July 3. On that day the ord nance will be strictly enforced, or will be found unconstitutional, In competent, irrelevant, immateria and not the best evidence of loyalt: and good cltizenship. Several cases will be brought for trial. If the “evidence” must be produced court, the same as in liquor cas it is going to take a lot of ice cream freezers to preserve it. Then, if tha evidence is sent into th room properly flavored, the ju well it is notorious at juries de to the “evidence” in Volstead cuses * * x Secretary of the Treasury Mel on the eve of sailing to lurope comes solicitous of the healtt foreign eailors in our three-: limit and gives instructions that the medicine chests of all must be kept well stoc wines, lest gome poor sailor may a homeopathic dos yoem ship surgeon should . experience of Old Mother Hubbard and her poor dog. Safety first! * 5 s e of 3 One more proof that Edison be right about the fatuity of going to college. Princeton induced a real Bengal tiger to grace the game a circus tiger, excellent h went to college and stayed one It came away sic r its experi- ences, though it not been ha In _a few days t ter the e college tiger died. Not all who go to college do likew What w Edison say to the suggestion? * k ¥ *x There is an exact model in minia ture of Solomon's temple on exh tion in Washington, and its exhibitor states that all the government build- ings of the capital could be rebuilt 100 times with the money that it cost to build the original te le No wonder the Ancient Or and Ac ons, whic parti continued to thrive. ern unionists must be on h Mr. builder. We our own distinguishe senator named after Hi. | to go some yet (Copyright, 19 may in A er in com- the proud citizen and He has g Collin.) by P, EDITORIAL DIGEST eral prohibition laws are enfc not” And the Hartford Tim ocratic) agrees that New Yo s | pretty conclusively said that it in- tends to obey the Volstead act or to the extent to which the feds government is able to enforce it Since “liguor has been ol e with comparative ease” in New York any way, the Norfolk Ledger-Digpatch feels that the repeal does not mean much one wav or the other.” but un fortunately, obfects t wnchester Union (independent republican), “pub- lic opinion cannot ignore the effects qf his action upon law enforcemen throughout the country.” “There is no question.” the S use Herald (independent) adm but that many other states 1 been watching this dram: Ne York with absorbing inter Pro cisely for that reason the governo action _is significant. the Lo Slobe-Democrat (republican) think Decause “it Is the formal protest: v tered deliberately by the first & of the Union, against the stringer of the provisions of the Volst and the feeling thus exp is needless to say, is not confined t New York.” 1In fact, in declarine himself, “the New York governor I sounded a call for support by elements in the voting populatio which believe in state rights and ir a more liberal interpretation of t! prohibition amendment.” the An Arbor Times- News (independent state: By o “shrewd political handling « {the situation.” Smith has, the Chicae i Tribune (independent republican) be |1leves, “presented himself before ti entire country as the most conspic ous figure in the most conspicuous sue.” If that is true, the New Yo Herald (independent) agrees that “h will stand out as a bigger politi figure than he has ever been, tho in all the party there is today no biz ger figure as an individual force political geniuseghan Al Smith." and the Buffalo New? (independent repul lican), toc, feels that “if the fight is to be made on these lines, he is the man to lead it On the other hand we read in the New York Tribune (republican) that “there can hardl: be @ question that in signing this bi! Gov. Smith has crippled his chances in the field of national politics™: | the South Bend Tribune (independen republican) that he “has written a pe riod after his political career”: in thr Paterson Call (republican) that “he has wiped out any chance he might {have had”: in the Houston Chronicle (democratic) that “he wrote his owr death warrant as a candidate for presidency.” But the real service Gov. Smith has done, as the Detroit News (independ ent) sees it, “is to focus the whols long-drawn-out issue of tho eight eenth, amendment in such a way that nothing short of knock-down and drag-out fight with a conclusive de- cision can result from it,” as a result of which, the Minneapolis Tribune (re publican) observes, “Volsteadism goes into national politics with a bans. Morover, the Roanoke World-News (democratic) says, in foreing the is- sue into the open Smith has “set n standard for political honesty” and has brought “the situation to the point where we must either modify the prohibition laws or else take steps to bring about rigid enforce ment.” The Constitution imposes pro- hibition, the Chicago Daily News (in- dependent) concedes, but “it does not impose the Volstead version of pro- hibition,” and had that version heen a réasonable one, the Rochester Her- ald (independent) is ceriain that “the story of its enforcement would have been very different.