Evening Star Newspaper, June 22, 1923, Page 14

1 Asserts That New Order Needs Inte Would Lift Body and Preserve United of President Harding's, speech last night follows: i My Countrymen: In an official | wurney from Washington to our great | erritory of Alaska. our first stop | halts us in your hospitable city, and | opportumty for renewed | and better understand- | it 1s a perfectly na tural expectation that. when the President travels he must stop and miake report to the community he is ing to It has seemed to that nearly every city and vil- awe from the Potomue to the Pacific bestowed an invitation and a - of hospitality. 1 like to say in saying it to you I any others in this | of communlcation, | A ze ely ret the im- posstbility of accepting Quite zpart from the faction and renewed ptact with 1 think there is vast benefit in bring- 1 the government a little clos pie. and the people a the gov tempe responsibility vernment surprised that you | now and then, because you | casional reflexes which ‘are . erroncous that official Washington 1t “not understand them. And us who are in Washington | tmosphere of officialdom our knowledge The text affords an acquaintane ing. 1 suppose see serve. . because speaking to harvelous ag in little | closer trom afar, ! onder ities which daily ial life of the nation. conditions not ez sovernment in the world other Dusitiess it requires ment 1o more or tiy at work Firm for Party Life, been more or less ion for eight years, | -ordinated fo of Presi 1t must be L ssion” at the same 1 welcomed this op- to the great central mountai west Pacific our treasure Jand in m rejoiced to speak to i ent, reporting on| of affa to the stock- ders « < republic do n yme with a partisan re- rt, though am politically a tisan and beli the utter neeessity of political parties. One only serves his party by first serving i untry well, and good service to Lis countr. t to be the aspira- tion of every citizen of our land. Tells of Difficulties. sent national administration | responsibility at a_very Our country found it- If in a bad way in the aftermath world war. We had expended in Jessness, we had inflated in mad- had rushed into the abnor- found ten thousand difficul- resuming our normal stride. was the inevitable business It follows every war. It ap- to business in every line— ndustry, agriculture. And | business T Xes ar by every | citizen, no matter how !xll)lvlvlc_i)r how great. We found in the inevita- le reflux of the war tide threatened financial ability, agricultural distress 0 vast unemployment. A survey unemployment revealed four and half to five millions of workers ithont job: 1 leave the appraisal of all relief efforts, legislative, execu- tive, or administrative, to your own gment. The thing I want to say is hat this distre ing situation has een wholly reversed, and today em- ployment is calling for men. There is ymplaint about that, too, but since we cannot always preserve the ac- al balance, I prefer a land which is seeking workmen to a country where disco ed men are hunting jobs. 1 like to helieve that the recovery is based mainly on confidence in the | \merican policy and the fundamental | Fizhteousnes our institutions. T Jike to helieve we have recovered be- canse we avoid the paths of destruc- experimentation, ignore mad | and cling tenaciously to the dations of business and property rights and human rights, which have made ours the most rapidly and most safely developed presentative demoeracy in all the world. Callx U. 8. World Example. We have done more than banish unemployment; we hava made our way to financial stability without which there is little pe nent em- ployment. And we halted the ex- tremists who caught their inspira- tion in European madness, and pro- ssed to destroy our social order be- of temporary ills, rather than the ills. Lelicve America tonizht is a fine example to the world, with confidence \ herself, w people capable of ving aside their arms, grappling a istruction problem. and digging ird work to effect the need- vestoration. rather than to fling 1side a1l we had wrought in a cen- v of hopeful progre and thereby cubscribe (o destruction in the name i social democracy. We gave busi- chance to resume, and as- that honest success is no the United States. We as- that the government wasn't business, but that we ant to get out of it. Then to prove at we meant to have more busi- ness in government, we struck at the extravaga which grew in war's fevered activities, we pruned govern- went expenditures and reduced the swernment personnel, not by thou- sands but by tens of thousands, and went a long way in reducing govern- ment outlay. Outlines Cut in Costs. Measures were adopted to lighten the taxation load and distribute the burdens more equitably. We Sought to substitute for the exactions of war the convictions of peace. We inaugu- rated the budget system of govern- ment financing, and thereby effected ductions in vernment outlay ymounting to billions. Of course, \is enormous reduction was made possible mainly because we suspend- 1 war activities and ended war com- mitments, but we drove at the or- dinary expenditures in the peace- business of government and lopped off hundreds of millions at a time. and we have proven to the world, in spite of a gigantic debt and its interest burdens, that here i~ a government resolved to live within its income. The flscal year, now mnear its close, ) threatened "an ' 3800,000,000 deficit when its financial budget was In the making, but we cut and trimmed and insisted upon reduced expenditures, ond it will close with-a $200,000,000 surplus. Watch People's Interests. These are rather. dull facts, but {hey are interesting to the govern- ment because they afford the proof that government itself joined in the, tremendously essential task of strik-} ing at its own cost. We were always Jieeping in mind the people who pay lifting our country out of the clough of depression and despond- ency. In the stmplest expression possible we were trying to get this great the big- and like the | less | iness has in ses: the “in s have & uail srtunity ¥, the and 1 the as 1 The pr came Inte flicult time siump. plies financ, s i of Cause 1 down to it in it into crime sured i | !we sometimes call | whose good fortune is a foremost es- |contentment. We safeguarded against tience { cotemporaries, not rnational Body on New Plane Interest of States. ' | | | country of ours on the right track again. The anxiety was in behalf of no one interest, but for all interests. We were anxious alike for the great captain of industry and his working army. We had concern for him whom the little chap. who makes up the great industrial procession, but who Is little noted because he walks in the ranks, but ential to a national happiness and our own destruction being effected by the world’s demoralization. but we never hindered the world's honest efforts at recovery. On the whole, we contemplate fortunate conditions today, ang I believe they are going to abide. We are the most prosperous people in the world. T do not share the belief that we have effected only temporary relief. 1 never did share the convictions of man men that cur permanent recovery could only come after complete collapse, which we have so happily avoided. World Must See Change. It is too early now to safely ap- praise the competition of the world restored, but the world must take cognizance of the new order as well as we. War wrought an emancipa- | tion of men and changed conditions of production which the old world must recognize before a stable order | is restored to it. Our recovery is based on a prompt recognition of the new order, socially just and ec nomically ound, and 1 am sure we will carry on. It is very gratifying to contemplate our conditions at home, wrought amid manifestationsyof impa- in spite of discourage- ments record is made. 1 share vour cation and have full con- fidence for the morrow. Aloofness Is Scored. These things, briefly related, with great satisfaction in progress made, ire meant to serve as a foundation for a wholly frank statement to you of St. Louis and Missouri, and to all the United States, concerning my convictions about the attitude of this republic toward other nations of the world. The President's impr. ion: concerning international relationships are necessirily founded upon_official experience which can come, because of the du s of office, to none other except the Secretary of State. The endless problems of foreign re- lations are relatively littie revealed to the world. Most frequently they are more readily adjusted because they are not revealed, though it is fair to assure you that nothing of vital importance is unduly hidden from the people for whom the gov ernment epeaks. Week by week, day ay, often hour by hour, there are problems in our international re- lations which are no more to be avoided than the vital questions of our own relationships at home. The citizen who believes in aloofness is blind to inescapable obligations and insensible to the twentieth century world order and unmindful of our commercial interdependence about which the modern business fabric has come to be woven. Quotes Washington's Address. In his never-to-be forgotten fare- well address, in which the first Presi- dent compressed the gospel of our mutual interests at home and our proper relations abroad, he said “Observe good faith and justice toward all nations. Cultivate peace and harmony with all. Religion and morality enjoin this conduct. And can it be that good policy does not equally enjoin it? ® ® & The ex- periment, at least, is recommended by every sentiment which ennobles human nature. Alas, is it rendered impossible by its vices?" This solemn admonition was ad- dressed by George Washington to his fellow countrymen 127 years ago. That it has been heeded scrupulously we are proud to assume the world believes. That we have. indeed. ob- served good faith and have exalted justice above all other agencles o! civilization, barring only Christianity, surely none can deny with truth, And we have cultivated peace, not academlically and passively merely, but in practical ways ami by active endeavors. Even as Washington ap- pended his signature to his most memorable and far-reaching declara- tion, a new principle had been writ- ten into the treaty of peace between ireat Britain and the United States, had been sustained by the congress. at Lis resolute insistence, and was in full force and effect. That prin- ciple was arbitration, which was not only employed successfully at the time, but became from that moment an established policy of the republic. from which, to this day, there has been no departure. Urges World Court. Thus, clearly, by the method al- ready operative in substituting reason for prejudice, law for obduracy and justice for passion, the father of his country bade us, no lexs than his| merely to coun- tenance and uphold, but actively to cultivate and promote peace. It 1s| with that high purpose in mind and at heart, men and women of Amer- ica, that I advocate participation by the United States in the Permanent Court of International Justice, Two conditions may be considered indispensable: First, that the tribunal be so con- stituted as to appear and to be, in theory and in practice, in form amu in substance, beyond the shadow of | doubt, & world court and not a league court. Second, that the United States shall occupy a plane of perfect equality | with every other power. Firm Against League. There is no consequential dispute among us _corcerning the league of | nations. There are yet its earnest | advocates, but the present admin- | istration "has said, repeatedly and decisively, that the league is not for us. There admittedly is a league connection with the world court. We can not hope to get anywhere ex- cept in the frankest understanding of tact. The authors of the court protocol, co-operating with a bril- liant American leadership, turned to the league organization for the court electorate, to solve a problem in choosing judges heretofore unsolv- able. Though I firmly belleve we could adhere to the court protocol, with becoming reservation, and bo free from every possible obligation to the league, T would frankly pre- fer the ourt’s complete independence of the league. ust as frankly let me say that have not held It seemly, in view of oft-repeated declaration favorable to the world court establishment, to say to the nations which have established very much what we have wished, that they must put aside their very com- mendable creation because we do not Bubscribe to its every detall, or fash- fon it all anew to our liking, in every specific detail, before we offer our as.. sistance In making it a permanent agency of improved international re- lationship. Refers to Election. Government can never successfully undertake the solution of a great problem unless it can frankly submit it to the people. It is for these rea- sons that I confess these objections, 1 recognize the constitutional require- ment of Senate ratification, and I be. leve that the tide of public sentiment will be reflected in the Senate. I am 80 eager for the ultimate accom- plishment that I am intsrested in har- monizing opposing elements, more anxious to effect our helpful commit- | prompted Mr. ; suggestion at this time, THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, FRIDAY, JUNE 22, 1923. President Harding Pleads for World Court, But Is Firm Against League ment to the court than I am to score a victory for executive insisteice. Let us, therefore, appraise some of the determining factors which must be considered in hopefully mapping our course, Nearly three years ago, by an over- whelming majority, the people re- Jjected the proposal of the adminis- tration then in power to incorporate the United States in the league of nations. To assert that those 16,000,- 000 voters did not know what they were doing is to insult their intelli- gence and to deny the facts. What- ever other considerations may have influenced their judgment were pure- Iy incidental. The paramount issue, boldly, deflantly advanced in unmis- takable terms by the democratic party and espoused by the democratic candidate for President was indorse- ment of the demand of the then dem- ocratic President. I dislike the use of party names in dealing with the problem which has now passed far beyond party association, but I want the world court proposal’ utterly dis- associated with any intention of en- trance into the league, and recite the history to paint the background. Moreover, I am so earnest in my de- sire to have the United States give support to the court that I would gladly wipe out factional difference to effect the great accomplishment. Lengue Insue Dead. If the country had desived to join the league, in 1920 it had its oppor- tunity. It most emphatically refused. It would refuse again, no less de- cisively today. There has heen no change in_con- dition. 1t is the same league. Not a line in the rejected covenant has been | altered, not a phrase modified, not a | word omitted or added. Article X still stands as the heart of the compact Article XI and all other stipulations objected to and condemned by the American people remain untouched, in full force and theory, however ecir- cumspectly they are being ignored in practice. In the face of the overwhelming verdict of 1920, therefore, the issue of the league of natjons i3 as dead as slave Is it not the part of wisdom and common sense to let it rest in the deep grave to which it has been con- signed, and turn our thoughts to liv- ing things? Quotes 1920 Speech. But let there be no misundersta ing. 1 do mot say three years ago, and T do not say now, that there is no clement in the league organization which might be utilized advantage- 1y in striving to establish helpful practical co-operation among the na- tions of the earth. On the contrary, 1 recognized nerally then, and per- celve more precisely now, rudiments f good in both the league and The Hague tribunal. Having marked the fundamental ifference between a court of international justice, which L espoused, and the council set up by the league covenant, which I dis- approved, as “the difference between a government of laws and a govern- ment of men,” I said plainly on Au- gust 28, 1920: “I would take and com- bine all that is good and excise all that is bad srom both organizations.” That is exactly what I am now pro. posing to do. The abstract principle of a world court found its genesis in The Hague tribunal. The concrete ap- plication of that principle has been made by the league. Sound theory nd admirable practice have been joined successfully. The court itself is not only firmly established but has clearly demonstrated its utility and efficigncy. Praises World Court. It is a true judiclal tribunal. Its composition is of the highest order. None better, none freer, from selfish, partisan, national, or racial prej dices or influences could be obtained. | That, to the best of my Information and belief, is a fact universally ad- | mitted and acclaimed. I care not| whence the court came. T insist only | that its integrity, its complete and continuing freedom be safeguarded absolutely. The sole question is whether the requirements which 1 have enumer- ated as essential to adherence by the | United States can be met. My an- swer is that where there is unanimous will, a way can always found. I am not wedded irrevocably to any particular method. 1 would not assume for a moment that the rangement which appears to my | mind as feasible is the best, much less the only, one. But. such as it is, 1 submit it, without excess of detail, as a basis for consideration, discus- | sion and judgment. Would Transter Powers. Granting the noteworthy excel- lence, of which T, for one, am fully convinced, of the court as mow con- stituted why not proceed in the he- ‘Harding Plan to Modify Considered Bar to U. S. Eniry ,(Continued from First Page.) Inot try to pass upon_ the political | from civil war. expediency of this, Mr. President, but this is what America ought to do in| foreign policy. The President's speech at St. Louis | is an effort to heal the sores devel- oped by the original proposal of the | world " court. Mr. Harding says/ frankly that he would like to have America enter the court and choose judges as at present, but he is will- ing to propose a new method of se- lection so as to harmonize domestic differences in America. The question naturally arises as to what necessity Harding to make the when_noses have not been counted in the Senate and there has been no show-down. ‘The answer is that Mr. Harding 1..: he might get the two-thirds vote nec- sary to ratify the world court proto- col only by a coalition of democrats and republicans—in other words, by | a split in the republican party. . Mr. Harding would prefer a united republican party on the world court plus such democratic strength as he can muster. But his St. Louls speech will drive away the democrats who had planned to support him and will revive the old lines of warfare over the league of nations. The moye toward party harmony is prompted also by the knowledge that a united party means certaln renomi- nation next June and a better chance {of victory in the subsequent election. Whenever the republican pafty is united its momentum carries it to victory—that's the tradition upon which Warren G. Harding has been brought up in politics. Insixts Position Same. The President insists that he hgs not advanced or retreated. He says this knowing, of course, that the critics will not agree with him, but will construe his proposal as a re- treat into: the bosom of Chairman John T. Adams of the republican committee and into the arms of the “irreconcilables.” Yet Mr. Harding concelves his position in the Tepubli- can party to be mediator and not dic- tator. He feels he is not in the dis- pute between the Senate and \the other foreign governments—he is merely the referee or umpire Ssug- gesting means of reconciliation. H proposes, indeed, the unprecedente course of getting the Senate to agree to an international agreement before even initlating negotiations with other powers to learn whether they accept. This upshot of it all is delay on the world court and a readiness on the part of President Harding to make peace President Harding to make peace with the insurgents in his party some kind of a world court gesture by America {s better than none, thinks. His closing words are sig- nificant of how anxious he is to drop the matter for the time being. “I shall not attempt to coerce the Senate. I 'shall make uo demand upon the people. I shall not' try to impose my will upon anybody or anything. I shall embark upon ne crusade.” Lovking al it dispassivnately, the its independence, [ High Lights of President’s Speech Proposes a reconstruction of the machinery of the international tribunal “to dispose conclusively of all other cited apprehensions of danger from the exercise of open or furtive, by the league of tion.” any influence whatsoever, either nations or by any other organiza- Suggests court itself “fill any vacancy arising from the death of a member or retirement for whatever cause, without interpos tion from any other body; or, s econd, by continuing the existing authority of the Permanent Court of Arbitration to nominate and by transferring the power to ele: of the league to the remaini ct from the council and assembly g members of the Court of Justice.” “To submit terms which we consider essential to the preserva- tion of our nationality is not an act of discourtesy; it is the only fair, square and honorable thing a great, self-respecting nation can do.” _ Declaring he did not want to make a “partisan report,” de- clares he takes pride in pointing out that unemployment had been “banished,” financial stability restored, taxes lightened and great economics effected in government. Asserts American adhesion to the court squares with the principles enunciated by Washington, who recognized the value of international arbitration. “It is that 1 advocate participation by with that high purpose in mind the United States in the Perma- nent Court of International Justice,” continued Mr. Harding. “Two conditions may be considered indispensable “The United State: with every other power. With respect to the league league. a phrase modified, not a word omitted or added. hall occupy a plane-of perfect equality issue, he said: “It is the same Not a line in the rejected covenant has been altered, not Article X still stands as the heart of the compact. Article XI and all other stipu- lations objected to and condemne: untouched, in full force in theor: being ignored in practice. In th. d by the American people remain however circumspectly they are ¢ face of the overwheiming ver- dict of 1920, thercefore, the issue of the league of nations is as dead as slavery. Is it not the part of it rest in the deep grave to our thoughts to living things wisdom and common sense to let v‘\:hlch it has been consigned, and turn shall not attempt to coerce the Senate of the United States. I shall make no demand upon the people. pose my will upon any body or anybod I shall not try to im- I shall embark upon no crusade. Hereafter, from time to time, as tonight, acting strictly wit in but to the full limit of my constitutional authority, 1 shail make further exposition of my matured views and maturing pro- posals.” “I could not do otherwise. heart is anguished by the sufferings of war. serve. My passion is for justice great court. be made self-per- could be done in one of two ways, (1) by empowering the court itself to fill any vacancy arising from the death of a member or retirement for whatever cause, without interposition from any other bod: or (2) by continuing the exist- ing authority of the permanent court of arbitration to nominate and by transferring the power to elect from the council and assembly of the league to the remaining members of the court of justice. The fixing of compensation of the judges, the supervision of expen tures, the apportionment of contri- butions, etc. could also be trans- ferred from the league to either the court of arbitration or a commission designated by the member nations Thus, incidentally, would be averted the admitted unfairness of the pres- ent system, which Imposes a tax upon membérs of the league who arc not subscribers to the court. Could Effect Changes. The cxclusive privilege now held the league to seek advisory legal guidance from the court might either be abolished. or, more wisely per- haps, be extended to any member or group of member nations. Thus all would be served alike. subject as now to determination by the court ieself of the kind of questions upon which it would render judgments. The disparity in voting as between a unit nation and an aggregated empire. which now maintains in the assembly of the league, to which many cobject, because of apprehen- sions which 1T do not share, would under this plan, disappear automat- ically. These observations are not to be construed as suggesting changes in the essential statute of the court, or the enlargement or diminution of its numerical strength. or modifs proper prov lief that it may petuating? This on that a nation having Court President has sacrificed the world court proposal he originally favored. but he has saved the republican party z (Copyright, 1923.) DEMANDS NEW METHOD. President Suggests Two Systems for Judge’s Selection. By the Associated Press. ST. LOUIS, Mo., June 22—The sug- gestion that reconstruction of the creative machinery of the Permanent Court of International Justice be made a condition to American adhe- sion to the tribunal was before the country and before the world today as the result of the pronouncement | made by President Harding hers last night In the first formal address of his western trip. The ears of members of the presi- dential party. which left here shortly after midnight for Kansas City, were trained to get the reaction both at home and abroad to the President’s suggestion, surprisingly enunciated. The audience to which the President directly spoke recelved the proposal S0 unexpectedly that its immediate reaction was Impossible of ascer- tainment. The suggestion as made by the chiet executive was put forward, he said, “fo dispose conclusively of all other ‘cited apprehensions of danger from the exercise of any influence whatsoever, eitther open or furtive, by the league of nations or by any other organization.” The main features of the recon- struction as proposed by Mr. Harding to_accomplish this purpose, ar First, that the world court be em- powered to fill any vacancy arising from the deather of a member or re- tirement, without interposition from any other body. Let Court Name Judges. Second, that the existing authority of the permanent court of arbitra- tion to nominate judges be continued and that the power to elect judges be transferred from the council and assembly of the league of nations to the remaining members of the court. Such changes, combined with minor alterations also set forth, the Presi- dent was indicated as hoping, would tend to wipe out factional differences over the world court issue. The President’s suggestion for re- construction of the creative machin- ery of the court was listened to at- tentively by the audience, sweltering in the hot hall. After presenting his suggestions, Mr. Harding departed from his pre- pared address to say that in the case of the world court proposal the usual course had been reversed in that the executive had presented the matter first to the Senate instead of negotlating an agreement first and layingat before the senate as a sec- ond step, Probably the icudest apriauge dur- My mind is made up. ng the My soul yearns for peace. My My spirit is cager tos My hope is in the My resolution is fixed.” over force. a cause before the court, which is not represented among the judges, may name one of its own nationals to sit in that particular case. ‘Will Go to Senate. Such, in brief, is an outline af the basis upon which T shall hope, at the opening of Congress, for the consent of the Senate to initiate negotiations with the powers which have clated themselves with the Permanent Court of International Justice. | No program could be devised that | would win unanimous approval either at home or abroad. We can not hope | to attain perfection or to satisfy ex- | treme demands. The best and the | most we can do is to appea!, let us | hope successfully, to reasonable | minds and. with sturdy faith, be true |to ourselves and ready for our dutles as liberty-loving, duty-realiz- | Ing Americans. | There are those who o cate our proposed association with | the court of justice as a first step toward joining the league of nations, | Their number {s not large, and they can not hope to prevail. There are those who, in fear and trembling. proclaim their opinion that this mighty republic _should live as a hermit nation. They. too, are few and hold to an impossible position. Both are extremists. In an endeavor | to obtain actual results, both may be | safely omitted from serious consider- ation. Two Great Groups Involved. But two great groups, comprising a Lyast majority of our people, need to be considered. And between these there lies no difference in professed desire. 1 am striving for fulfiliment of that expressed desire. Both urge participation of the United States in a world court of justice. in fulfillment of our age-long aspiration and in cor mity with our unbroken tradit nly advo- Plane to Carry Mail to Harding At Vancouver When President Harding steams into Vancouver upon his return from Alaska, he will be greeted by an air mall plane, which will bring him there all important mail which accumulates after he leaves the United States. Special arrangements for this service have been made by Paul Henderson, second assistant post- master general. | ing the address came when he de- clared he was “determined not to im- | pose my will upon any body or any- | boay.” The President concluded his address |at 9:27 o'clock without having de- parted, except in two minor instances, !from his prepared address. Voice-amplifying apparatus carrled {the President’s voice to all parts of | the big hall, which holds 10,500. Ra- | dio instruments also picked up the | speaker's words and conveyed them over a large section of the middle west. Reference to savings through the budget system drew applause. Cheering and shouts greeted the President's first reference to the world court and there was additional applause when he pronounced against +*“a league court.”” The statement that the country “would refuse again, no less decisively” than in 1920 to enter the league of nations got applause, but the assertion that “the issue of the league of nations is as dead as slavery, was passed over by the au- aience. Speaking to the annual convention | of the International Rotary, the Pres- jdent declared that if he could found Rotary in every community through- out the world he would do so and then would guarantee tranquility and a forward march for the universe, “Statesmen have thelr problems and governments have their's,” the Pres- ident continued, “but if you could plant the spirit of Rotary throughout the world and turn it to practical ap- plication, there would not be much wrong with the human procession. Lauds Spirft of Service. “I can understand how you have grown, how you have come to exer- cise a great influence, because, I tell you, fellow Rotarians, no matter whence you come, service is the greatest thing in the world. * * * And the thing that the world needs today more than anything else is to under- stand that only service will make the restoration that came out of the tu- multuous world war. If we can all get down to service, humble service, honest sertice. helpful service. the things that humanity must do to make the recovery, then there will come out of the great despondency and discouragemeht and distress of the world a new order, and some day when we acolaim it I fanoy I shall see the emblems of Rotary in the |awarded by the national court of honor | natural means of repairing s because you of Rotary. foregroun: ve of the best we have in representa asso- | They agree that to achieve its funda- mental purpose of substituting justice for warfare in the settlemen: of con- troversies between nations, such a tribunal must be its own master. The distinction between the two 18 not one of essential principle or of avowed intent, but one only of fact and opinion. There are those who hold that the creation of the existing court under a distinct protocol, instead of directly under the covenant of the league, re- moves every tincture of subservience or obligation. For present purposes, granting its correctness, there can be no real objection to clarifying the fact In plain, simple terms, to the end that all doubts shall be dispelled and that all minds shall be wholly con- vinced by ready understanding in- stead of being only partially per- suaded by intricate exposition. If, as we all believe, the corner stone of every judiclal structure is unques- tioning” faith in its integrity, I am unwilling to deprive it of any par- ticle of strength which would en- hance popular respect for and con- fidence in its decision. Surely no harm, but rather much good, might spring from simplification of an ad- mitted condition. Teat of Sincerity. The other large group -comprises those who, while equally earnest in | advocacy of an international tribunal, regard the present court with sus- picion because of its origin. This ob- jection, for reasons which 1 have noted, 1s unimportant. Indeed, from a practical viewpoint, T consider it a matter of distinct congratulatfon that there Is in existence a body which already has justified itself, upon its merits, by demonstration of its char- acter and capabilities. If American adherence could he made effective in the reconstruction of the court, with respect to its con- tinuing operation, that would seem to dispose conclusively of all other cited apprehensions of danger from the exercise of any influence what- soever, either open or furtive, by the eague of nations or by any other organization. The whole question of support or opposition on the part of these two | controlling grou clearly rnsol\a\’ into a test of sincerity. When once American citizens have comprehended that vital point, I shall have no| doubt of their answer. Lists Many Arguments. T have taken very frank cognizance of the avowed objections, because we have come to this very test of sin- cerity. Except for the very inconsid- erabie minority, which is hostile to | any participation in world effort to- ward security, which our better im- pulses are ever urging, there is over- whelming_sentiment favorable to our support of 2 world court. But I want the United States to give its influence ito the world court already establish- | [ed. Since any adherence must be at- | tended by reservations, I am.willing to give consideration to our differ- ences at home and thereby remove every threatening obstacle worth con- sidering, so we may go whole-heart- edly to the world with an authorized tender of support. So much for the domestic phases of this problem. But there is another. 1 hear the voice of the doubter: “This {is all very well,” but it cannot be done. | The forty nations which have signed | {the procotol will refuse to make these changes. They have formulated their | plans, have arranged their procedure, have constructed th machinery have established a going concern; they are not only themselves content, but they can see no reason why the few remaining powers should not be equally satisfled with the result of their endeavors. They will resent the | mere suggestion of such proposals by the United States s an attempt at dictation. It would be an act of dis- courtesy, if not indeed of unfriendli- ness, on the part of the American government to approach them along these lines. They will spurn the offer. They will not brook interference from an outsider. They will not consent to upset or modify their fait ae- compli. The whole project will fall to the ground.” Strives to Avold War. | I he a test of sincerity abroad as w | out violating the basic Wants Guarantee of Peace And Firmly Commits Self Chief Executive Also Touches on Other Points, Citing Prosperity of Nation. nd, in the words of Washington, toto your reason. I shall call upon your ‘cuitivate throughout world, peace” Manifestations of resentment at our | tianity. pursuing this natural and usual the | patriotism. céurse would appear far less as evi- | dences of indignation than would at- tend a course of aloofness, or an ut- ter disregard for so notable an inter- natfonal endeavor. U. S. Seeks Equality. The United States is not a sup pliant. Nor has it the slightest desire to become a master. It is and must be an equal, no more and no less, regard- less of its relative material power or moral authority, ever conscious of its own rights, but never denying the like, in even proportion, to another. And what is the crug of conditions | ich I have ventured to suggest as constituting a basis for negotiation? The making of the world court precisely what its name implies, and for which we have so earnestly spoken. Can it be possible their protestations to this is not what some states at heart desire” that, despite the contary, of our sister Must there 1 uickly them Then the more de. the better fq wr us. ® The shed in ambiguity w. And the only i 1o inquire. as at home? it can be nnd better to ba # want to fin We ate Mussolini Speech. ntly a striking message shed through the air from » Washington. ell Ameri- ca,’ 1 the vigorous prime minister, “that like her, llke her because che ie strong, simple, and direct. I wlish Itaiy to be the same and shall try to make her g0 God speed him! And God grant never forfeit the high honor borne by that sentient tribute from Mus- solini! I cannot doubt that vou will ac- cord, at least. the merit of simplicity und directness to what I have said. Understand clearly, I do not ad- vocate compromise. 1 merely reit- erate and stand squarely for every pledge 1 have made. 1 still reject unwise, untraditional. and un-Amer- ican any foreign political alllance or entanglement. 1 still “favor with all my heart association of free nations, animated by considerations of rizht and justice, Instead of might and self-interest, so organized and so participated In as to make the actual attainment of peace a reasonable possibility.” 1 strongly urge ad- herence to tpe Permanent Court of International Justice as the one and only existing “agency of peace,” to which we can safely subscribe with- principles of Very was | Rome " w our national bEing. Plans No Coerclon. 1 neither advance nor retreat from the position which I assumed in my recent message to the Senate. My sole purpose tonight has been to amplify the constructive suggestion which, at what appeared to be a proper time, 1 placed before the country for consideration and judg- ment. ~ Broadly, and yet I trust with sufficient particularity, I have indi cited ways and means for reallzation of our common aspiration. Further than that 1 shall not go. I shall not attempt to coerce the Sen- ate of the United States. I shall make To which I reply: Primarily, at this time, it is to satisfy the acknowledged hope and to comply with the earnest wish of our sister states that we are striving to find a way to join and trengthen the one body created by them which bears promise of elimi- nating the need of war to regulate international relations. We wish no more war. To submit terms which we consider essential to the preservation | of our nationality is not an act of dis- courtesy: it is the onil fair, square, and honorable thing a great, self-respect- ing nation can do. So far from being unfriendly, it springs from a sincere desire, through frank and intimate as- 2O tion. to help to restore stability, Tmportance of good city govern- ment to good government in the na- tion was emphasized by the President in a briet address given after he had laid the corner stone of the new home of the City Club. “You can only have a great nation vou have great cities,” he declared. | “Col quently, those in charge of the national government have a real in- | terest in the government of the cities.” Remark Applauded. Applause greeted his declaration that he liked “people who inquire how much can I contribute to my city, rather than how much can I get out of my city.” With that he cou- | pled the assertion that “whenever man contributes to his city he con- tributes to his own self.” After the corner stone laying, the | President and Mrs. Harding were | driven to a hotel, where a public re- | ception was held. but only a small! percentage of those holding tickets | 1o the reception were able to greet | them. A quiet dinner preceded the address at the Coliseum—the building n which Woodrow Wilson was nowi- | nated for the presidency for the see- | ond time. After the address the | presidential party was taken to the | | Municipal Open Air Theater to see a | portion of an operetta, and it was | | near ‘midnight when Mr. and Mrs. | Harding boarded the train again, with | ) Kansas City the next principal stop. REACHES KANSAS CITY. President to Discuss Transportation Issue There Tonight. By the Associated Press. KANSAS CITY, Mo., June 22.—Presi- dent and Mrs. Warren G. Harding and members of their party en route to the Pacific coast and Alaska arrived in Kansas City at 10 o'clock this tmorning for 'a twelve-hour visit, which will conclude with an address by the President tonight on the transportation problem. The tsip from St. Louis, where the | chief executive made his first pre- pared address last night, speaking upon the world court, was made with- out incident. No stops were made, and the trip was made in a leisurely man- ner, the train loafing along through the’ Missour! wheat and corn fields and along the Missouri river. The President slept later than usual, as it was after 1 o'clook before he completed the gtrenuous program ar- ranged for him in St. Louis and got to bed. Gov. Hyde of Missouri and Mre. Hyde accompanied the party across the state, and Gov. Davis of Kansas will join'the party here tonight for the trip into Kanss. The principal address in that state is to be delivered by Mr. Harding tomorrow afternoon at Hutchinson. Arriving at the Union station, Mr. and Mrs. Harding were escorted to automobiles and then taken upon an hour-and-a-half ride about the city, | which is gaily .decorated in honor of the distinguished visitors. Then fol- lowed an hour's reception at down- town hotel, luncheon and®a few holes | were no demand upon the people. I shall not try to impose my will upon any body or anybody. 1 shall embark upon no crusade. Hereafter, from time to time, as tonight, acting strict- 1y within, but to the full limit of my constitutional authority, I shall make | further exposition of my matured views and maturing proposals, to the end that we not only “remind the world anew” by our words. but con- ince the world by our deeds, that we do, in fact, stand “ready to perform our part in furthering peace,” and in regaining the common prosperity which can come only through the r toration of stability in all affairs. But 1 shall not restrict my appeal the President’s address tonight. All- metal circuits will carry the Presi- dent’s words td station WGY, Schenec tady; WEAF, New York city, and KDKA, Pittsburgh, Pa. WDAF, the Kansas City Star station, will broad- cast on a wave length of 411 meters. A committee of 630 persons. chos- en with 4 view to making the recep- tion non-partisan was selected to greet the chief executive. But five permitted to go to his pri- vate railroad car—Mayor and Mrs gree the Chief Executive. But five Frank M. Cromwell, Walter S, Dickey. publisher of the Kansas City Journal: Henry L. Jost, congressional repre- sentative, and W. H. H. Platt, vice chairman’ of the reception committee. More than 1,000 Camp Fire Girls in costume will salute the President and Mrs. Harding. They will give the President a hand-wrought souvenir in appreciation of the interest Mrs. Har- ding has manifested in the organi- zation, of which she is honorary pre ident. War Mother Chosen. Mrs. Howard C. Boone, head of the Kansas City Chapter of War Mothers, one of whose ‘sons, Lieut Ewing Boone, was killed in the battle of Chateau Thierry, was selected as es- cort for Mrs. Harding. The Athanaeum, a local woman's club, will present Mrs. Harding a 15 nothing | that America shall | | | i | | i ! | | require | enhanced | made | tion ‘to {vealed 1 shall beseech vour hu- 1 shall invoke your Chris I shall reach to the very depths of your love for your fellow men of whatever race or creed throughout the world. I shall speak as I speak now, with all the earnest ness and power of the sincerity th is in me, and In perfect faith that Go. will keep clear and receptive you understanding. I could not do otherwise. My sou yearns for peace. My heart is an guished by the sufferings of war. My spirit is eager to serve. My passion is for justice over force. My hope i« in the great court. My mind is ma My resolution is fixed. from Washington to Lincol “With malice toward none, with char- ity for all,” accurately depicts our tifude toward other nations. All equal measure hold our sympathy in their distress and our hope for t quick of better days. We would no invidious compari- sons. manity. coming make Friendship for Britain. It §s but natural, nevertheless, tha we should feel, and it is proper tha we should express due apprectatic of conduct which conformss notabl to our own eonceptions of what ho or. integrity. sagacity and gratitud of ‘self-respecting nations it eminently fitting at thi ce the keen admiration an« regard of this country for ireat Britain as an immediate conse- Guence of her frank acknowledgment and sturdy assumption of a financial obligation h, though incurred for the pre tfon of her very ex- istence, added materfally to her al- ready heavy burdens. or ean 1 withhold from the Ger- man democracy just gnition of its new government's clear manifesta- tion of faith in our consciousness of fairness the chief requisite of a peace gettlement between her gov- ernment and ours, and of our disin- terestedness in all matters pertain- ing to the adjustment of European affairs It has ever heen an irresistible 1 pulse of our liberty loving people consider time to vc | welcome a triumph of democracy over autocracy and a substitution of popu lar goveZnment for monarchical dom- ination.” Hence our earnest hope that a just settlement, terms of which wa do not pretend to indicate, will in Europe, satisfying the ju dues of democratic and heroic Francs 0 that Germany may make good her promises of reparations, an therein German democracy may es tablish a national honor which th- monarchy had not conceived, and then take her place in support of th- Permanent Court of Internationl Justice. Hopex for Mexican Amity. Our neighbor to the south, for whorr we have cnly good will ana good hope, will soon, I trust, be in & posi- make practicable resumption of fraternal relations with this coun- try, and, following that happy con- ummation, what more natural than Mexico, too, along with Germany and. let us hope, Turkey. should ac- company the United States, upon terms equally essential to her wel fare, Into the great tribunal: then it will become indeed a true world court. Thus, briefly, my friends, 1 have re- the hopeful anticipations of my mind, and the trustful longing of my heart. I feel that the time for America to take the first, long stride in restoration of a desolate and de spairing world has come, and that th way stretches clear, though far, be fore our eves. May our vision never be clouded by spectres of disaster or shadows of dismay! If. in our search for everlasting peace, we but let lead and follow humbly but dauntlessly the “Kindly Light of divine inspira- tion to all human brotherhood, sleaming like a star in the heavens, from the most beautiful hymn ever wr God will not let us fail E. R. POTTER, SCULPTOR, DIES AT SUMMER HOME ! Had Produced Statues of Many bouquet of lavender orchids just be- | fore “the President’s speech. Convention Hall, where the Presi- dent will speak, has a about 12,000. It 'is not expected to accommodate the crowds, Spaces near the President on the platform have been reserved for the governors of Kansas and Missouri. Loud speakers have been arranged to amplify the President's voice. The speech also will be broadcasted by radio through- out l.h.e country. CONFERENCE CONFIDENTIAL. LONDON, June 22.—Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin told a questioner in the house of commons that the gov- ernment would not publish the min- utes of the Versailles peace confer- ence, as it regarded them as confi- dential and could not break its pledge. 666 1% the most speedy remedy we know fo: r | Constipation, Biliousness, Colds, Headaches and Malarial Fever. AFTER “THE GRIP,” or in con- scence from pneumonia, fevers, or other debilitating _ diseases, v of golf at the Blue Hills Golf Club. The rest of the program prior to to- night's address at Convention Hall included presentation by the Presi- dent of letters of commendation of the Boy Scouts of America to two Boy Soouts in recognition of unusual quickest way to get flesh and strength s with Doctor Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery. That gives purity to your blood and plumpness to your hody. It makes thoroughly effective ayen, a your system. All druggists sell it in both fluid America, have played your big part|bravery in saving human life, and a |and tablet form. in making service one of the ap- praized offerings of human kind wurth while, visit to the United States Vetera Hospital here. Four radiv siations wiil broadcast Send_10c to Dr. Plerce’s Invalids’ Hotel, Buffalo, N. Y., for trial package of Tablets, capacity of ! | Famous Men—Was Native of New London, Conn. 35 the Associated Pres. GREENWICH, Conn., June 22 ward R. Potter, sculptor, died at his summer home in New London last night. Mr. Potter had executed many fa mous pieces of sculpture, notably the equestrian statues of Grant at Phila- delphia, Washington at Paris, Hook- er at B on, Devens at Worcester Mass. locum at Gettysburg, tw: animal groups in the library of J. T Morgan and a statue of Gov. Blair at the state house in Michigan. He pro duced statuary for the St. Louis and Buffalo expositions and collaborated with D. C. French in a number of productions. Mr. Potter was born in New London and studied his art in Paris. He was years old. Bathing Suits Life Guard Suits, white shirts, blue flannel trunks; guaranteed fast color, anfi‘ $4.65 belt .. One-piece Combination Suits, pure worsted. $5.00 Flannel Trunks........$3.00 Middy Trunks. .. .$2.50 Boys’ Suits............$2up Also Capw, Belts, Shoes, Suit Baga Fishing Tackle Good Quality Rods, $2 up, Good Quality Reels, $1.25 up. Deep-Sea Reels, $4.00 up. Complete assortment of balts hooks and lines. Full line of Shakespeare tackle Walford’s 909 Pa. Ave. NNW.