Evening Star Newspaper, June 3, 1923, Page 22

THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. 0. JUNE 3, 1923—PART L' The Star’s Sightseeing Guide to Washington BT What to See—Where to Go—How to Get There Wi The Shriners’ Convention of 1923 use car lines as Indicated by mark PREPARED FOR (Copyright, 1923, by Hobart Brooks) * The White House tDark-green cars— Washington The site for the White House was Railway and Electric Company. Traction elected by President Washington Light-green cars—Capital Company, 31Both lines. All places are northwest otherwise specified. + The Capitol The Capitol is the most lmpl‘eul\‘e} public building on earth. It stands BY HOBART BROOKS unless —— Depart- iThe Treasury ment The Treasury Department was com- pleted in 1841.° It is 466 feet long and 264 feet wide. Every stranger wants iWhere Lincoln Died The Oldroyd Lincoln memorial col- lection, in the little house 516 10th street, shows perhaps the most Inti- ¥ The Library of Congress The Library of Congress, the Capitol and facing it, is the lurg- The corner stone of the original build- ing was laid on December 18, 1793, by | President Washington, with Masonic frayed from funds out of the sale of lands donated by Maryland and Vir- east of | Thomas Jefferson, comprising_ 6.760 volumes. A second fire in 1825 only The site on a plateau eighty-cight feet above the level of the Potomac and one xndk one-fourth miles from the White| House, and is recognized to be the most perfectly proportioned building tn the world. It is 751 feet 4 inches| In length from north to south and its Rreatest width from east to west is| 350 feet. The building covers 153,112 square feet. The Senate wing of the | old Capitol was built first, then the | House, and the two were connected by a wooden passageway. The first dome was constructed of wood cov- ered with copper. It was designed and added after the burning of the| Capitol by the British in 1514. This was replaced in 1856 by the present remarkable structure of cast fron. It | took nine vears to build it. The welght of the iron used is 809,200 pounds. Crawford's manificent statue of Freedom. which surmounts the| dome, is 19 feet 6 inches in height | and weighs 14985 pounds. The | height of the dome above the base line is 287 fect 5 inches. The rotunda is 97 feet 6 inches in diameter and its height from the floor to the top| of the is 150 feet 3 inches.' iThe Washington Monu- ment The Washington Monument is ad- mittedly the greatest piece of ma- sonry in the world. It is a coloss obelisk of mammoth proportions, ma- Jestic in its simplicity, the loftiest memorial in the world and the most| imposing and costly monument that | had ever heen erected to man at that time. It is a m ive shaft of pure white marble and granite, capped by an aluminum pyramid, its tapering | design_reaching skyward over 555 feet. The entire height ha been | made ten times its breadth. A plumb | line suspended from the top of the monument inside shows less than three-eighths of an inch deflection. | Gen. Washington personally selected | this site and a more beautiful one could not e been procured. The | terrace on which the monument| stands is surrounded by forty-ome | acres, this tract of land having been | designed on L'Enfant’s plans of the city of Washington s the site of the | proposed equestrian statue to Wash- | ington which wa rdered by the Con- | tinental Congress in 1783 and selected | by Washington himself for a monu- ment to the American revolution The foundations of the monument, which bear a weight of SL12 tons,| are constructed of solid blue rock, | Each block is 145 inches re and | 36 feet 8 inches deep. bhase o(" the shaft is 55 feet square, the lower | walls are 15 feet thick, while the depth of the foundation below the floor | is B7 feet. The inside walls of lhv"! first fifteen feet from the base is all of blue granite; from there to the roof the inside walls are of granite corr-sponding to that one the outside The monument, solid as It is, cannot | resist the heat of the summer sun | without a slight bending of the| gigantic shaft. This is evidenced by | means of a copper wire 174 feet lons | hanging in the center of the struc- ture carrying a plummet suspended in a vessel of water. 1 ummer the apex of the Monument, 5 feet above the ground, is shifted by expansion | of the stone a few hundred thou-| sandths of an Inch toward the north. | High winfa cause susceptible motions | of the plummet and in still weather | delicate vibrations of the crust of the earth are registered by it Lightning _struck the monument during_an electrical storm July 13. 1899. The fluid followed the conduct- | ing_columns in the interior of the| shaft down to the fifty-foot landing. where it left the northwest column | and struck the floor plates in the| rear of the elevator and exploded, thence down into the engine room. where the only damage done was the burning out of the magneto coil of | the telephone. Each time the monu- | ment has been struck by lightning the fluid has left the columns abou the same place. In 1900 a man who | was standing on the lower floor of | the monument and leaning gainst one of the iron columns received a heavy shock of electricity, but was not seriously injured. . "Mhe corner stone of the monument | was laid July 4. 1848. When the shaft | reached the height of 150 feet the! funds gave out. The civil war turned public attention elsewhere, but dur- ing the centennial year, 1876, a wave of patriotism developed which in- duced Congress to undertake to finish the shaft. 1In 1878 work was resumed and the mammoth column was complated De- cember 6, 1884. The total cost of the monument was $1,187,710.31. The de- sign was made by Robert Mills. A staircase of 900 steps winds its way to the top. Few people walk up, but many descend that way. It takes the elevator seven minutes for the ascend. There is a wonderful view from the observatory floor at the top. No fees are accepted. The elevator makes the first trip at 9 am. and the last at 4 p.m. daily; Sundays and holi- days, from 1 to 4 p.m. The Pension Office The Pension office, in Judiciary square on F and G streets, between 4th and 5th streets, is said to be fire- proof. an assertion that led Gen. Sheridan to exclaim “What a pity.” The cases on file exceed a miMion; about that number of beneficiaries e carried on the rolls and the out- lay of the bureau is now about $150,000,000 @ year. Open from 9 a.m. until 4:30 p.m. 1Bolling Field The present aviation site known as Bolling Field was named for the late Col. Raynal C. Bolling, who was | killed in France during the world | war. It consists of 320 acres of land | situated in the southeast part of the city, in the section known as Anacos- tla, on reclaimed land along the Ana- costia river, extending from its mouth up to the Anacostia bridge. The site | 18 the property of the United States and the expenses of reclamation have been paid in equal proportions from the United States Treasury and from the revenues of the District of Colum- bla. The personnel at the naval air station comprises fourteen officers and 190 enlisted men. *State, War and Navy Building The State, War and Navy building 18 the largest building in the world constructed entirely of granite. It ‘was designed by A. B. Mullett, former supervising architect of the Treasury Department. It was originally in- tended to be five different buildings. A unique feature is the cantilever construction of its stairways, and it is difficult to concelve the méthod of their support. The cost of the build- ing was $10,038,482.42. Only a few of the War and Navy offices are now located In this build- ing, but it does house the State De- ent in its entirety. Open from 10 a.m. until 2 p.m. *The Navy Yard The Navy Yard has little to reward the visitor, outside of the gunshop. the museum and a few trophies. It stands on the bank of the Anacostia at Sth street southeast. from 8 a.m.-to 12 noon-and | stonecutters and | placia Potomac ceremonies. The north wing was fin- ished, In 1800 and the government— all of dt—came from Philadelphia, | bag and baggage, in a single sloop, | | and took possession in October of that year. The interior of both wings was ‘destroyved by fire, set by the British, August 24, 1814. The two wings now occupled by and the House were added to the Capitol bullding to accommodate the enate and the House of Representa- tives. When the House Is in session the Stars and Stripes is flung to the breeze over the south wing, and when the Senate is sitting the flag files over the north wing. At night if Congress is sitting there s a light in the dome. The value of the Capi- tol buflding and the grounds is about $26,000,000. Guides, officially designated for the Capitol, show visitors through this eperb building for a nominal fee. Visitors should by all means employ one of these. The building is open to visitors from 98 o'clock in the morning to 4:30 o'clock in the after- noon. When Congress is in sesslon at night the bullding Is open also to visitors, but guides cannot be pro- cured. During Shrine week Capitol will be open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. The Lincoln Memorial The popular ideal of a memorial to Lincoln could only be satisfied with a design combining grandeur with beauty. Such is the great Lincoln Memo- —Iisolated, majestic and serene. There are many interesting statis- tics about this memorial—the figures and measurements of its majestic dimensions and proportions; the fact that it cost quite a bit more than £2,000,000; the consideration which finully determined the site in Poto- mac Park on the same east-and-west axis with the dome of the Capitol and the Washington Monument. But there are even more significant facts which one does not get from figures. One is that from the first digging to bed- rock for the foundation to the com- pletion of the memorial there was a spirit of co-operation and devotion on the part of all concerned. from the members of the commission to the laborers. The same workmen who were there at the be- ginning were there at the finish. There was no strike. The cost of this memorial was far less than would have been the cost of a structure of the same slze for secular and com- mercial uses. And in all the processes of what builders call hea from the quarrying of twenty-three- ton blocks of stone 10,000 feet up in the Colorado mountains and trans- porting them to the banks of the to the dangerous caissson work fifty feet underground. no man was killed and none serfously injured. This, too, in a stupendous work that was in progress more than ten years, counting from the date of 1911, when Congress created the Lin- coln Memorial commission, with President Taft as its chairman. This commission worked with the Federal Commission of Fine Arts throughout the undertaking, determined to ob- tain a memorial which the American people would for all time instinctively | feel to be worthy of bearing the name | of Abraham Lincoln. the architect, called associates Daniel Chester the sculptor, and Jules Guerin, the artist. and for the vears of their work together they formed a virtual brotherhood in the spirit of Lincoln. They read Lincoln and studied Lincoln together. Before one stone was placed upon another in his marble home of memo- ries Henry Bacon determined that the great central room should be a place where the people “could be Henry as his French, Bacon, | alone” with the Lincoin to be created by French. He planned, too, that in the lesser space, but not less sacred. the paintings of Guerin would tell again in allegory the meaning of Lin- coln’s immortal utterances. One of the best of the distant views of the memorial is to be had from the heights of Arlington across the Po- tomae, from the porch of Robert E. Lee's home. where Lee pondered and chose the other way. ‘And it is planned—at least hoped— to put, some, day, a monumental bridge across the Potomac from the | memorial, from the great shrine hous- he speech of “malice toward none,” to the other shore, where 5.000 unknown and_ 25,000 known soldiers of the Blue, the Gray and the Khaki sleep together in peace. Open to visitors from 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. daily-and from 1 to 4:30 p.m. on Sundays and holidays. iThe Navy and Munitions Building The Navy and Munitions building is the largest office building in the world. It was erected at a cost of $7,250,000. The building is of rein- forced concrete and has a total of 1,775,000 square feet of floor space. The site in Potomac park, where the building is located, had to be cleared of twenty-three municipal tennis courts, and about 5,000 trees were taken up and replanted elsewhere. The buildings are on “made ground,” the site having at one time been a part of the Potomac river. This made it necessary to drive piles for the foun- datfons as much as fifty-two feet in depth. More than 5,000 piles were used. Nine tho nd workmen were employed. The sand and gravel used in the construction was dredged from the Potomac river, 55,000 tons of sand, 88,000 tons of gravel and 188,000 bar- reis of cement being used. To inspect the radiators of the building, of which there are 3,200, requires a trip of 24 miles. There are 143,000 square yards of heavy linoleum on the floors. costing $400.000. Five million square feet of paint wase applied by brush to the interior walls. It cost $20.000 to wash the windows for the first time. The parking space in the rear will ing | accommodate more than 500 autos. The Trans-Atlantic Radio Control is located in the Navy Buillding. Mes- sages may be eent and received there from all parts of Edrope, and through its service the Navy Department is enabled to keep in_constant touch with ships at sea. The building has 153 fire-alarm boxes and is distinctly unique. Open from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. *The Scottish Rite Temple The Scottish Rite temple, at 16th and S streets, cost $1.500.000. It is the national home of the supreme council_of the southern jurisdiction of the Scottish Rite in America, rep- resenting fourteen Masonic bodies with a_membership of 80.000. Tt is modeled after the mausoleum of Hali- carnasus in Asla Minor, regarded by the ancients as one of the seven won- ders of the world. It is one of the most impressive structures in Wash- ington and well worth a visit. The pipe organ is the third largest In the world. The temple is also the home of the Willlam R. Smith collection of editions of Burns, including many rare prints, as well as books and paintings and other_article ated with_the poet Burns. Th Willlam R. Smith, well known as superintendent of the Botanic Gar- an enthu: ic devotee of “Bobby" Burns and spent years of his life in_making this valuable collec- tion. Mr. Smith was aslo & Mason of high degree, a member of the Scottish Rite, and his treasures find an appro- priate resting place in the wondertul 16th strest tommu e ’ The collection is open to inspection by the public from 9 aun. until é pa. the Senate | operation, | to visit the Treasury. Girls may be seen counting and recounting sheets |of ~ specially made paper, from which bonds and United States notes ! are made. This is the first step of the long routine of “money making." The composition of this paper is a secret. though it is known to contain silk fiber. The completed notes—about a miilion dollars in value at a time— are brought from the bureau of print- ing each morning. being conveved in a_ steel-encased wugon guarded by armed messengers. They are counted by three persons in succession and then sent to the sealing room. United States Treasury notes bear the en- graved fac-similes of the signatute of the United States treasurer and registrar of the Treasury; but the na- tional bank notes are actually signed before receiving the red seal of the government. It seems incredible, but it is a fact, that the average woman counter passes 32,000 notes each working day. The paper currency as it becomes worn is redeemed by the government and put through macerators, which are globe-shaped receptacles of stee to the capacity of a ton of pulp, the 1id of which is secured by three differ- ent Yale locks. The Secretary of the another and the Treasury the third, Each day at 1 o'clock these officials or their representatives, with a fourth agent to represent the people and the banks, open the macerators and place within them a million dollars or so of condemned currency or other se- curities. The lids are locked, after a sultable quantity of water has been added, and the machinery begins to whirl round Inside the macerators, where 150 knives grind and cut the soaking material until the notes are reduced to useless pulp. In front of the north entrance of the Treasury Department there is a beautiful green vine in a large urn, luxuriant and ever-growing. This is called the money plant. Open from 10 am. to 2:30 p.m Guides, 10:30 to 12 and 1 to 2 {The Public Library of the District of Columbia | ,;The Public Library of the District of Columbia is primarily circulating library for the more than 400,000 resi- { dents of Washington not entitled to | draw books for home use from the | Library of Congress. The central building is at 8th street |and New York avenue and the two | branches at Gth and Cedar streets, Tokoma Park, and the southeastern branch at Tth and D streets and South Carolina_avenus southeast. The cen- tral building is open from 9 am. to 9 p.m. on week days, except Wednes days and most holidavs (Wednes- days the hours are from 9 am. to 3 p.m.): Sundays. open for reference | purposes only, from 3 to 9 p.m. The branches are open from 12 m. to 9 p.m. Monday and Tuesday; Thursday and_Friday from 12 m. to 3 p.m.: on Wednesday and Saturday from 9 a.m. to % p.m. Branches are not open on holidays or Sunday.s Over 1.000,000 volumes were circu- lated during the last fiscal year, nearly one-half of which were loaned to children under high school age. One-half of this number was loaned through collections of books sent to the classrooms of the public schools. Over 74000 plctures were borrowed | for home use. controller of the | |1The Smithsonian Institu- tion The Smithsonian Institution is a unique establishment for the further- |ance of knowledge by carrying on or aiding general researches in all branches of sclence, whether astro- | physical, geological, biological or an- thropological—the study of celestial bodies, the earth, its life, and man himself—the promotion of art and dis- semination of the results of its in- vestigations by the distribution of its publications throughout the world. The Smithsonlan buildings are on the Mall about midway between the Capitol_and the Washington Monu- ment. They comprise the Smithsonian building., completed in 1855, with the {nstitution's administrative offices: bureau of American ethnology. libra- ries, the national herbarium, the ex- hibits of graphic arts, and the offices of the International Catalogue of Scientific Literature; the Arts and In- dustries building erected in 1881; the Natural History building completed in 1911, and the building for the Freer art collection—erection begun In 1918 —which was donated by Mr. Charles J.. Freer of Detroit. to house the ex- tensive and rich collections of objects of art presented by him to the insti- tution. The Smithsonian Institution has six branches: the National Museum. including the National Gallery of Art; the international exchange serv- ice; the bureau of American eth nolog: the National Zoological Park; the astrophysical observatory, and the new United States regional bureau of the International Catalogue of Scientific Literature. i Vistors are admitted dally from 9 o'clock in the morning until 4:30 dfl'(’lot‘k in the afternoon, except Sun- iThe National Bureau of Standards This bureau of the Department of Commerce was created in 1901 and its work covers almost the whole field of standardization. In order to carry out the extremely varied work with which the bureau deals, its laboratory equipment s un- usually complete. The various in- struments and machines installed in the fourteen permanent buildings in- clude balances sufficiently sensitive to determine a difference in weight of 1 part in 100,000,000 and a testing machine capable of pressing down- ward on a full-sized bullding column Tith a force of 5,000 tons. Open 9 to The Naval Observatory The Naval Observatory, on Wiscon- sin avenue, {s open to visitors when the gkies are clear, on Thursday even- ings from 8 to 10 o'clock, for & view of the heavens through the twe dnch telescope. Applications should be made to the superintendent. $0OI1d General Land Office This bullding, occupyln" the square bounded by E and F, Tth and 8th streets, was de d by Robert Mills. It “was ‘bullc of marble from New York state in 1830. In it Samuel. B. Morse worked over his original tele: graph instruments. It was bullt at & cost of $2,000,000 and was used for many years as the Post Office De- partment, after the land office was moved into the. patent-office bullding. It was used during the late war by various offices of the War Depart- ment and is now occupled by minor i offices. Open from 10 a.m. Treasury has one key, the treasurer | | personally In No. 1 of the seventeen | reservations set aside for public build- ! ings upon the plans of Maj. Peter Charles L'Enfant for the laying out of the city of Washington in 1791.| James Hoban of Dublin was the archi tect, the plans having been chosen by competition. He won the $500 prize offered for the best plan. The corner stone_was laid October 13, 1792, and | Gen. Washington was present. President and Mrs. John Adams were the first occupants, moving In in November, 1800. Mrs. Adams suf- fered many discomforts hecause of the incomplete condition of the man- sion as to adequate heating and light- ing. The only use she could put the great east room to, according to her own word. was for drying the family wash. The house was burned by the Eritish in 1814, but was restored by Mr. Hoban, except for the wings at each slde, which had heen used for offices and servants’ quarters. The first White House appropri- ation from the United States Treas- | ury, made in 1800, called for $15,000 | for’ furniture. Since then the man- | sion has been enlarged and improved in many ways, but the original plans have always been followed. A thor- | ough ~overhauling, improving, re- | modeling and enlarging was_ done | during the regime of President Roose- | velt. ~Congress appropriated $475.455 for the work. Of this sum the arch tects returned an unexpended balance | of $7.906.15. Architect Hoban mod- | eled the structure after the palace of the Duke of Leinster. The original cost of the mansion, singularly | enough, was not paid out of the United States Treasury, but was de- {iThe Arts and Industries Building | | This building was completed in 1881, fn time for use for the inaugural | ball of President Garfield. which was | one of the most heautiful scenes in | the history of the country. A band was placed in each of the four arches of the building. On the first floor to the west i{s the interesting collection | of 1ay figures of the mistresses of the | White House from Martha Washing- ton to the two wives of Woodrow Witson Every gown shown is one worn in | the White House during the adminis- | tration of the wearer's husband. The second Mrs. Woodrow Wilson is shown in the black velvet gown in_which she was married to President Wilson ‘ There is also a valuable loan col |lection of laces, antique Jewelr, | clothes. bonnets and other articles | representing the fashions in this | country as far back as they have been obtainable, and many articles have been owned and worn by famous men | and women, including gowns worn on the platforms of D. A. R. con- | gresses by the presidents general of the society. In another section will | be found relfcs of George and Martha | “\'a!h‘"glnn. Abraham Lincoln and ‘!umfl\‘. Gen. Grant and family. origi- nal instruments and pieces of apna- | lrh(llfi of the Morse telegraph, the Bell | telephone, the Henry magnets, Edison | electrical, the Langley airplane, ex-| hibits showing the evolution and de- | | velopment of the healirg arts. varn | and cloth manufacture resources of | 1!.‘|e world’'s forests and the history {and development of photography from | the camera obscura to the newest {motion-plcture machines. { *Carnegie Institution of Washington The Carnegle Institution of Wash- ington, at 16th and P streets, is an organization of national scope, which was founded by Andrew Carnegie in 1802 for the advancement of research and knowledge. Its laboratories and departments of research cover many fields of study and are located in varlous parts of the country. It now has an endowment of $20,000,000, Three of the institution's establish- ed departments of research are also located in Washington. The depart- ment of historical research, with ac- commodations in the Woodward build- ing, at 16th and H streets: the geophysical laboratory, 2801 Upton street, especially adapted for a study of the constituents of the earth’s crust under conditions of high tem- perature and high pressure; and the department of terrestrial magnetism, with laboratory and office bullding located at 36th street and Branch road, under the auspices of which a magnetic survey of the sea and land areas of the world has been under- taken. Other departments of research of the institution located outside af Washington are as follows: Depart- ment of botanical research, Desert Laboratory, Tucson, Ariz.; department of embryology, Johns Hopkins Medi- cal School, Baltimore, Md.; depart- ment of genetics, Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, N. Y.; department of meridian astrometry, Dudley Observa- tory, Albany, N. Y.: Mount Wilson Observatory, Pasadena. Calif., and Nutrition Laboratory, 29 Vila street, Boston, iThe Mass. Corcoran Gallery of Art The “Corcoran Gallery of Art was given to the city of Washington by the late W. W. Corcoran, who bulit the original building at the corner of 17th street and Pennsylvania avenue, now the United States Court of Claims. He left provision in his will for the new building which now adorns the corner of 17th street and New York avenue. A school of dr: ing, painting, sculpture and design is now established also in the art gal- lery, which has many beautiful and famous specimens of painting and sculpture. There is also a loan ex- hibit always in progress in the hemi- cycle, the small hall bullt for the pur- pos: The building is of Georgla white marble. Thirty pillars of white mar- ble support the enormous skylight. Visitors are admitted free on Tues- days, Thursday, Saturdays and Sun- days and on holidays. Mondays, Wed- ays and Fridays an admission fee 5 cents is charged. Open from 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.; Sun- days, from 1 to 4:30 p.m. 1The American Red Cross The American Red Cross building, on south "17th _street, “is impress- ive structure of white marble. Con- gress provided the site and paid for art of the cost, the rest being given y Capt. James A, lu;{mnr. Mrs. Russell Sage, Mrs. E. Harriman of and the Rockefeller Foundation. Th Red Cross moved into this new home just as America entered the world war, The interior of the building is in keeping with the dignity and sim- plicity of the exterlor, tTeleFaph and Cable *Postal graph and Cable Com. pany, Evan i1ding, 1420 New York avenue. Main 6600, 1Western Union Telegraph Com. Lpany, 708 14tn street. Framklin 7100, sinfa. is & part of what was then David Burns' farm, its corn- field stretching to the waters of the Potomac, about half a mile to the south. When rebuilt after the fire the long wings at the sides were omitted. It is bullt of white sand- stone. The . Ixecutive mansion {s well guarded, having its own entirely ade- quate force of police officers and secret service men on duty inside the man- sion at all hours, while there is a| continuous patrol of the grounds sur- rounding the mansion. — Automatic alarm signals are in different parts of the house and grounds, and tiere are telephones and telegraphs to the adjacent military posts, where there is a strong force of military police and soldiers that could be summoned without delay. The corridors and the ground floor are filled with historic mementos of past and gone mistresses of the man- sion. Bits of china used on the din- ing tables in former administrations are shown in rooms of the ground floor. which are used as dressing rooms for the guests nt the state din- ners as well as for the most distin- | guished special guests at the state reéeptions. Special blue cards are sent to these special guests in their| invitations, admitting them through | the gates of the &outh grounds and | by the small door under the south | portico. The south side of the house | was intended in the original plans to be the front entrance, but th was changed before the house completed. | The mansion is open to visitors from 10 o'clock in the morning to 2 o'clock In the afternoon. 7The Department of Agri- culture | The Department of Agriculture, on the Mall between 12th and 14th, streets, cost $2,500,000. The scope of the work is now very extended, In- | cluding & study of diseases of live| stock, control of the inspection of import and export animals, cattle transportation and meat; the enforce- ment of the pure food and drug laws. Statistics of crops, lve stock, at hom and_abroad: scientific investigation in forestry, botany. fruit culture, cul- tivation of textile plants, and diseases of trees. grains and vegetables studies of the injurious or beneficial relations to agriculture of insects, birds and wild quadrupeds; investiga- tions as to roads and methods of irri- | gational chemfcal and microscopical laboratories, and a vast number of experiment stations. correspondents | and observers in various parts of this and other countries. The museum in the rear contains excellent wax models of fruits, nuts and natural foods; an interesting dis- of models showing the damage by insects to trees and also groups of mounted birds, squirrels, gophers and other mam- | mals. The library and herbarium will interast botanists. The _extensive greenhouses are open at all reason- able hour: A tower in the garden is composed of slabs of foot-thick barks taken | from one of the glant trees in Califor- nia. It represents the exact size of that huge tree named “General No- ble” from which the pieces were actually cut. Open from 10 am until 2 p.m TGovernment Printing Of-] fice The government printing office is| the largest and best-equipped print- ing establishment in the world. It| has a floor Space of fifteen acres. | There is a splendid cafeteria, assem- | bly hall, recreation rooms and a roof garden A school for apprentices has also been re-established after thirty-five years abolishment, and now twenty- five voung men are being given thorough training in various branches of the printing trades. The mechanical equipment of the government printing office is unsur. passed. It has the largest battery of typesetting machines in the world, including 97 linotypes, 100 monotype keyboards and 125 casting machines. They .set_enough type in a year to make 675,000 columns of ordinary newspaper matter. The office also has 160 printing presses, ranging from small platen presses to the big presses which print the well-known Congressional Record. The postal- card presses produce 4,000.000 cards a day, or more than a billion and a quarter @ year. Other presses turn out money-order blanks, census cards. and income-tax forms by the hun- dreds of millions. The office is like- wise well equipped with bindery and plate-making machinery. The public printer is preparing to add a much- needed photo-engraving plant to com- plete the work of the government printing office. The public printer has to buy more than 50.000.000 pounds of paper a year. If laid flat, in sheets, this amount of paper would cover an area three times as large as Pitts- burgh, Pa., and if made up into oc~ tavo books, it would form a pile 400 miles high. The government printing office em- ploys approximately 4,000 persons the year round and the pay roll for these workers is close to $6,000,000 annu- ally. All appointments in the go ernment printing office are made un- der the clvil-service law. The plant produces printing and binding to the value of fully $13,- 000,000 a year, for all of which the public printer s retmbursed by Con- gress and the departments oh an actual cost basis. One vear's work includes more than 85,000 separate and distinct jobs of printing and binding. In_ addition to the work incident to the printing and binding of millons of publcations, the govern- ment printing office makes nearly all of its own printing inks, press rollers, glues, carbon paper, type and type metal. It has its own carpenter, electrical, machine and blacksmith shops and even operates a laundry which washes and irons a million towels a year for the use of its em- ployes. So that, all in all, the gov- ernment printing office {s the most complete institution of its kind in all the world. Special hours for Shrine wesk, 8 a.m, to 4:30 p.m. Speclal guldes provided. *The Department of Jus- - tice Building The new Department of Justice bullding at Vermont avenue and K street, houses the attorney general and his legal staff, Open from 9 am. untll 4 p.m, +The Weather Bureau The weather bureau, at 24th and | made by M streets, contains delicate instru- ‘ments by which changes of meteoro- logical conditions are recorded, Here one can see the method of forecasting the weather for the next forty-eight hours, Open 10 a.m. to 2 p.m, mate touch with the last hours and death of the martyred President, Abra- ham Lincoln. It was into this house, across the street from Ford’'s Theater, the President was carried after the fatal shot of Booth on Good Friday night, April 11, 1866, and in this house he died next day without hav- ing recovered consciousness. The house was owned by Willlam Peter- son, a tailor. The room in_ which Lincoln was placed and in which he died was occupled at the time by William T. Clark of Massachusetts, a soldier in Company D, Massachu- setts Infantry, detailed for duty with the quartermaster's department in Washington. The memorial collection within the house was mude by O. H who has lived many years in the house with his family, and who has built up the collection and had charge of it. Tt is open during the day and evening and a small fee is charged to visitors. A bill has been introduced in Congress each vear for the pur- chase of the house and collection by the government, and each vear it has been defeated. It is the life work of Mr. Oldroyd, who, only this past few weeks, refused the offer of $50,000 Henry Ford of Detroit for the collection, because Mr. Ford wished to move it to Detroit. Mr. Oldroyd js patriotic enough to wish it to remain in the natlon's capital and will give Congress another chunce to purchase it for the govern- ment. Open day and evening. *The *Botanical Garden The Botanic Garden has specimens of vegetation from all parts of the world. It occupies the block on the south side of Pennsylvania avenue at the foot of the Capitol. This stately and beautiful garden will one day become a part of the national boulevard, in line as it is with the Capitol, the Smithsonian, Agricultural, Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial and _their grounds, which wiil in turn be in line with the proposed memorial bridge which will join Arlington with these other memorials. The Botanic Garden will, by that time, be established in its new home, the ‘tract of land which was once the James Creck canal, which runs “fl:‘t\\‘. rd from about the line of the Capitol. The present Botanic Garden is the site of the beautiful Bartholdi fountain, which stands in the middle of the grounds on the north side, and the Grant Memorial, occupying the center of the east side of the grounds. These are two of the most beautiful of all such works in the National Capital. Open during sun hours, S to 4:30. Adjacent Battlefields _ Washington is girdled by battle- fields, each with its history. Today virtually all of the activities of the Army are represented in the posts surrounding Washington. During the world war these posts contributed to the work of organizing the armed forces. One of the first officers’ train- irig schools was located at Fort Myer. Bolling Field has contributed air- plane development since the armis. tice. These posts bridge the gap b tween today and the civil war “de- fenses of Washington.” In almost a continuous circle they were fung around Washington. Hot houses, | Every American Has Two Home Towns | and Washington Is One of Them 1The City Post Office When the present post office was completed in 1814 it was confidently believed that it would absorb the normal increase of post-office work for many years to come, but this be- lief “did not take into account the growth of the parcel post. That ac- tivity, then in its infancy, has in- creased so rapidly and to such an enormous extent. that in about two years the necessity arose of seeking more room, which resulted in the es- tablishing of thirty-two postal sta- tions about the city. During the great war a prodigious river of war correspondence passed through this building, in all, amount- ing to an average of 150 tons a day of official mail matter. It is dificult to estimate the great damage which would have been done the cause of our country and its allies had 'the Washington office broken down under the strain, but the mails were kept moving. Even now when conditions in the departments have returned to about normal, this post offce dis- patehes from Washington over sev- enty tons of official mail every day. It was from the Washington post office that the first dispatch of mail by airplane in the United States was made. The building is of white gran- ite and cost $3,000,000. Open from 10'a.m. to 4:30 p.m. {The Army Medical Museum The Army Medical Museum, 7th and B streets southwest, is of the greatest interest and value to the medical and surgical profession and contains some 25,000 specimens. The exhibits illus- trates the means and methods of mili- tary surgery and all the diseases and casualties of war. making a gruesome exhibit of preserved flesh and bones which fill one with horror and digmay. There are 1,500 skeletons of American mammals. Open from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. *The Fish Commission The Unitéd’ States Fish Commission occupies the old ante-bellum arsenal at §th and B streets southw. It is place every fisherman and food dealer should visit. Open from 10 am. % 2 p.m. {The Unien Station The Union 'staton exceeds the United States Capitol in dimensions, being 760 feet long and 843 feet wide. A speclal wing in the cast end is re- served for the President of the United States and for distingulshed guests of the nation. The main walting room has a height of 120 feet, and the cir- cular window in each end is 75 feet in dlameter,”’ The passenger con- course, 760 feet long, is the largest room {n the world un one roof, An army of 50,000 persons could stand upon its floor at one time. The station s built of white granite from. Bethel, Vt. It was designed by Daniel H. Burnham, and i{s of menumentat Character, like unto the great tri- umphal arches of anclent Rome, All roads lead to the Unlon statlon, in- cluding the street rallways, The raflroads from the south enier the oity ~through twin tunnels under Capitol Hill §The National Museum The new Natlonal Museum has a libr: ‘which contains the most com plete collection of medical and surgi- cal literature in the world, surpass ing even that of the British Museum. Visitors are admitted from 9 a.m, to 4 p.m. dally, except Sunday. Oldroyd. | r College to a point south of the | | Washington. 4 monly known as the White Lot. | Eittel Tower in Paria. est and most elaborate library build- ing in the world, It occupies three and _three-fourths s of a site of nearly ten acre: cubic conter of 10,725,920 feet; contains 430, square feet, or over nine and half acres of floor space, and miles of shelving. The library was established in 1800 in the Capitol bullding. In 1814, numbering a little over 3,00 volumes. it was destroyed by the burning of the Capitol by the British. It was re- established in 1815, at a cost of $23 950, by the purchase, under an act of Congress, of the private collecticn of 7The Soldiers’ Home The Soldiers’ Hom the center of the city, is in a park of natural loveliness, “embellished and beautified by the soldiers living there in its early days. It compriges more | than 500 acres of beautiful lawns, gardens, ravines and forest land wit mafestic trees. There are many fine views of the city and surrounding | country and lovely vistas here and | there. From a prominent point on a | high elevation a perfect vista of the dome of the Capitol is _worth seeing. | It was established in 1851 through the efforts of Gen. Winfield Scott at the | close of the Mexican war, and was | founded for the men honorably dis- charged from the Regular Army after twenty vears of service, or disable through wounds or disease, upon pay- | ment of 12 cents a mont! Among those who spent all or a part of each summer in the summer one- 102 | northwest from White House were Presidents Plerce, | Buchanan. Johnson, - Lincoln, Hayes | and Arthur.” A handsome bronze sta- | tue of Gen. cott, done by Launt Thompson., occupies a conspicuous | %pot near the Scott building. In the ational cemetery, adjoining the grounds of the home, ix the tomb of | Gen. John A. Logan of Illinois. | The home is open from sun to sun and can be reached by street cars going north on Sth street to the west ~ata of the home, known as Ea gate. *The U. S Post Office De- partment } The main Post Office Department building, at 11th street and Pennsyl- vania avenue, was mpleted in 1899 at 2 cost of §2.558.835. It is built of gray granite: is 127 feet high, with a tower of 315 feet. The building is 200 feet wide by 300 feet long. It is| occupled by the Postmaster General,| assistant posmasters general and the executive force This force directs the entire postal system of the United States, numbering. roughly speaking, | about 340,000 employes. | In the court within the building hangs the largest American flag made. It is 70 feet 4 inches by 37 feet. The clock in the tower of the building is 15 feet from rim to !‘ImI and the minute and hour hands. which are made of pine wood, measure 7l | and 5 feet, respectively. The height of the numerals is 2 feet. Open to visitors from 9 am. to 4:30 p.m. Arlington National Ceme- tery Arlington National cemetery, where sleep the heroic dead of the nation— Blue, Gray and Khaki—Iis on the Vir-| ginia heights of the Potomac opposite This hallowed ground is really a significant part of Wash- | ington. It can be reached by the Washington-Virginia railway and by | sight-seeing busses. | The Arlington House, generally called the Custis-Lee mansion, was built in 1802 by George Washington | 4, Parke Custis, grandson of Martha| Washington, who, with his Nelly Custis, was adopted by Gen. and Mrs. Washington of Mount Vernon George Washington Parke Custis in- herited the great estate from his| father. His only daughter, Mary, married Robert B. Lee, afterward famous as Gen. Lee, and, being the only child of her parents, she inher- ited Arlington. It was upon i1e wide front porch that the great Confed-| erate general, gazing across the river | at the then feeble lights of Washing- ton, pondered all through the night and finally reached his decision to cast his lot with the seceding states. During the civil war the mansion Wwas used as a hospital and afterward Arlington estate was taken over by the government for a national ceme- tery. It is a place of great beauty. a fitting spot for the repose of the natlon's dead. On the monuments and headstones will be found the names representing the soldier dead of all our wars. Arlington may be reached by trol- ley from 12th street and Pennsylvani avenue every twepty minutes or b: sight-seeing bus. Tt is open to visit- ors from sunrise to sunset. 1{The Pan-American Union The Pan-American building work of art done in marble, The building is located at the en- sister, is a | *Benjamin trance of Potomac Park on Seven- teenth street, between B and C, facing upon the Executive grounds, com- The structure and grounds represent an investment of $1,100,000, of which the | American republics contributed $250,- | 000 and the late Andrew Carnegie $850,000. The Pan American Union is the international organization main- tained by the twenty-one American republics, as follows: Argentina, Bo- livia, Brazil, Chile, Colombla, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecu- dor, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mex- {ico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Salvador, United States, Uruguay | and Venezuela. The Secretary of State of the United States presides at the meetings of the governing board of the union, the latter being supported by quotas contributed by each coun- try, based upon their population. The director general—of which there has Dbeen but one other—is Dr. L. S. Rowe. Dr. Francisco.J. Yanes is assistant director, and Franklin Adams, coun- selor. Open to visitors from 9 am. to 4 p.m. 1Bureau of Engraving and Printing The bureau of engraving and print- ing, at 14th and B streets southwest, is considered one of the finest manu- facturing plants in the world. It cost $2,869,000 and here is where all bur meney is made, and the process YD such that It is well worth a visit, Open from 9 to 11 a.m. and from 1 to 2:30 p.m. The Naval Radio Station| The naval radlo station, over on the Virginta hills at Arlington, s the best equipped wireless station in the world, The three towers are plainly visible from the city, Communica- tlon I8 haa with Mare Island, Cal; Key West, Fla., Colon, Guantanamo, San Juan and other government sta- tlons, The sea ranga with ships of the Navy is 3,000 miles, Arlington has even had communication with the slightly damaged the library, but_in 1851 a third and more disastrous fire destroyed 35,000 volumes which it then contained. Two-thir of the Jeffers: collection was included in the loss. The new building was com= pleted in ———. While the service of the library is. its name suggests, primari ngress, it is in effect the natic library of the United States. reference use it is absolutely and without formality free to any reader over sixteen years of age. Open from 9 o'clock in the morning until 10 o'clock the evening on week days; Sundays from 2 to 10 p.m. Mount Vernon Mount Vernon, home of Gen Washington, is now the sh nation. Bells of passing ve solemnly as they glide by on the river and voyagers stand, bare- headed, in silence until the estate is passed. It was here that George Washing- ton lived the usual life of a Virginia planter and cultivated his great farm There riginally in the estate some acres. What is now seen by the visitor as Mount Vernon com- prises only about 200 acres, which was the center of the original farm. ion stands on a plateau sur- by many hundred feet of beautiful lawn and shrubbery, fully 125 feet above the river. The young trees which met the view of Wash- ington and his friends from the east side of the house toward the river have grown to ancient ones and the thick and heavy Mount Vernon originally was a part of the extensive grant of land from “the crown” to John Wasnington, the first of the family to come to America, in 16 It came into the possession of George Washington in 1752, nearly century from his half- rother, Lawres ington, who many years his senior. Mount Vernon is most conveniently reached over the Washington-V: ginia railway or by lLoat at foot of Tth street. The cars leave 12th street and Pennsylvania avenue every thirty minutes fre k in' the mornidg to 3:30 o'cloc the afternoon. Round trip, 80 iThe Patent Office The patent office is one of the gov- ernment activities that makes money It has issued about 1,000,000 patents and its earnings have been far in ex- he cost of buildings and ex- e its origin. office is bounded by id by 7th and George e of the sels toll ge is penses s The patent and G streets streets. Open from 9 am. The Memorial Continen- tal Hall 1 Continental Hall, on 17th street, which was erected by the Daughters of the American Revolu- tion. cost approximately £500,000. Tt was designed by Edward Pearce Casey and is built of white marble. An official guide will take visitors through the building. Open from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. Statues and Memorials of ptor after location of monument.) *Washington, Pennsylvania ave. 23d st. Clark ) $Gen. Jackson. Lafay and Pennsylvania Mills tLafayette, Pennsylvania and A. Mercie. $Rochambeau, Lafavette Sq. 15th st and Pennsylvania ave. M. Hamar. . Thaddeus Kosciusko, La Sq.. 15th st. and Pennsylv Antonio Popiel *Gen. Sherman, 15th st. and Pennsyl- vania ave. Carl Rohl Smith Scott, Spldiers’ Home grounds, Georgia ave. and Upshur st. Launt Thompson {Daniel Webster, Scott Circle, 16th st and Massachusetts ave. G. Tren- tanovi tHahnem a M Niehat $Gen. McPherson mont_avenue Rebisso. *Gen. Thom Thomas mont ave. and 14th st and J. Q. A. Ward tGen, McClellan, Connecticut ave. and Columbia rd. McMonnies. tGen. Sheridan, Sheridan Circle, Massachusetfs ave. and 23d st Gutzon Borglum. tAdmiral Farragut, Connecticut ave. and K st. Ream Hoxie. {Longfellow, Connecticut ave. and M st._Wililam Cooper. 1John Witherspoon, Connecticut ave. and N st William Cooper. *Gen. Logan, Jowa Circle, 13th st. and Rhode Island ave. F. Simmons. *Gen. Hancock, Pennsyvlvania ave. and 7th st. Henry Ellicott sStephenson Grand Army Loulsiana ave. and 7th st sey Rhind. *Gen. Rawlins, Pennsylvania ave. and Sth st. J. Bailey Franklin, 10th st. r to 4:30 p.m. The Memor (Name s¢ and . 15th st ave, Clark afayette Sq. 15th st. and ave. A. Falquiere iGe! n. Seott Circle. 116th ssachusetts avenue. C. st H McPherson Sq., Ver= and 15th st. - J. L. Circle, Ver- Rietchel Farragut = Sq. Vinnie Memorial, J. Mas- Pennsylvania ave. and Jacques Jou- venal | *Count Pulaski. Pennsylvania ave. and 13th st. Cacimir Chodzinski. *Alexander R. Sheppard, Pennsvivania ave. and i4th st. U. S. J. Dunbar. tWashington, Smithsonian Institu tion, south side of Mall at Tth st, Greenough tDowning, Smithsonian south’ side of Mall Calver Vaux. tJoseph Henry, Smithsonian Tnstitus- tion. south side of Mall at W. W. Story +Dr. Samuel Gross, Smithsonian Tristi- tution, south side of Mall at ith Calder. Daguerre, Smithsonian Institution, south side of Mall at 7th st J. S. Hartley. *John Paul Jones, foot of 17th &t. H. Niehaus, *John Barry, Franklin Sa., sty John J. Boyle. [} *Dr. Benjamin Rush, Naval Muséum of Hygiene, 23d and E stg. R. H. Perry. § $Christopher Columbus, Union Station plaza. Lorado Taft. *John Marshall, west front of Capitol. W. W. Story. *Peace Monument, Pennsylvania ave. and 1st st. F. Simmons. *President Garfield, Maryland ave, and 1st st. J. Q. A. Ward, *Gen. Grant, Botanie Garden, ist sti and Pennsylvania ave. Henry Mj Shrady. t tEmancipation Statue, East Capltol and 11th sts. northeast. Thomas Ball, < tAlbert Pike, 3d and D sts. G. Tren- tanovi, tGen. Greene, Maryland ave. and §th st. northeast. H. K. Brown. tArchbishop John Carroll, 36th and M sts, Gerome Conner, *Lincoln Memorial, Potomac Park, foot of 24th st. Henry Beacon. tBaron Von Steuben, Lafayette Square, 17th and H sts, Albert Jaegers, *Butt-Millet Fountaln, south White House grounds. Daniel C. French tJames McMillan Fountain, McMillan Park, ist and Bryant sts. Her- bert Adam *Gallaudet, Florida ave. and Xth northeast. Daniel C, French. Location northwest upless others wise designated Street car lines—*Capltal Traction Company: tWashington Railway and Electric Company; 3both lines, Institution, at Tth st Louis’ J. M 14th st