Evening Star Newspaper, May 18, 1923, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY.... THEODORE W. NOYES........Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Office, 11th 8t New York Off Chicago Offic 1ding. European Loadon, Eagland. The Evening- Star, with the Sunday moral edition, ix delivered by carriers within the city #t 60 cents per month: daily only, 45 cents per month: Sunday only, 20 cents per month. Or- ders may e sent by mail, or telephone Main 5000. ~Collection is made by carriers at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance, Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday.. mo., 70c Dail; All Other States. Daily and Sunday..1 vr., $10.0¢ Daily only 13 37 Sunday on] Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news pub. lished ‘hercin. Al rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. _— e Alexander Hamilton. As indicated by his address yester- day at the unveiling of the Alexander Hamilton monument, President Hard- ing finds much ‘to admire in the life and career of the first Secretary of the ‘Treasury, but it is of more than pass- ing interest that his admiration seems to be chiefly centered on the courage which sustained Hamilton in the face of hostile criticlsm and the honesty which withheld him from vyielding principle for the sake of popular favor. Tt had a sound as if the President had found in the example of the great federalist inspiration and strength to face his own critics and fortitude to uphold principles even at the risk of losing popularity. ‘What a comfort it must be to the President—to any President. or any statesman—to contemplate the vindi- cation wh time has brought to the memory of Alexander Hamilton. The problems which beset statesmien of to- day may be vaster than those of a century and a half ago. but certainly | they are no more difficult. Hamilton faced his problems with thought only for his country’s welfare, and his fame is imperishable. Lesser men sought tavor for the hour, and today they are forgotten. It is easy to do the popular thing. to go along with the crowd and tickle the ears of the groundlings. We sce examples of it every day in our public life, men who pose as states- men when in reality tfey are only weathervanes. Such men may gain prominence, but they never win through to fame. Monuments aie not unveiled to them when they have been dead a hundred years. Alexander Hamilton and John Mar- shall contributed more, perhaps, than any other men to the shaping of the infant republic so that it could survive and grow to sits greatness of today. Avdent lovers of liberty both, they saw no menace in a strong government created and ordained by the people and dedicated to the people’s service. It is not @ minor part of Hamilton's fame that today's political inheritors of Jefferson not only subscribe to the Hamiltonian doctrine of a strong cen- tral government., but are constantly seeking to endow it with powers far bevond any proposed by Hamilton. If yesterday's speech means that President Harding has resolved to gird himself in the armor of Alexander Hamilton’s political courage, all is well with America. For two years more at least he will shape the des- tinies of the nation. They will be vears of tremendous import and of shifting scenes, and somewhere there must be constancy and courage if we are to come through. It would be & disaster if we had at the helm an op- portunist whose only thought was to win the favor of the crowd. ——————t————— A Texan manufacturer has bought 8 German castle, all complete, situ- ated near Baden-Baden, at a great bar- | gain. Although the edifice is the home| of his ancestors, it is probable that later he will wish he was back in Houston-Houston. —_—— Controller General McCarl's stand- ing in the governmental league i { pecially in government architecture in Washington. So are all the people of ‘Washington. Th- president of the in- stitute, who s from San Fran- cisco, Is quoted + * -aying: “‘As a result May 18, 1923 o¢ (he new and enlightened policy. of the present administration there has been appointed by President Harding a special commission charged with the study of a complete reorganization partments” and “the future policy of the government toward architects is under advisement, and the committee on public works of the institute will be encouraged to endeavor to formu- late & method of procedure and to hold itself in readiness to assist the government in developing and shaping an architectural policy.” Let us have all this, and let us have also more government buildings as soon as possible. The government is no doubt badly in need of architecture, but it is in dire need of shelter. The architects can probably help to push the government's proposed = building program along. | A Waste of Life. A tale of horror that should carry its lesson throughout the country comes from South Carolina today. A school building in a remote village burned last night in the course of an entertainment, and over seventy lives were lost. The fire was started by the explosion of a lamp on the stage, with flimsy draperies igniting and spread- ing the fiames so rapidly that the people who crowded the second-story room had small chance to escape. A panic immediately ensued, the stair- way was choked, and few were freed from the catastrophe. Buildings of this type are in use for school purposes all over the United States. They are relics of the time when any kind of structure was deemed suitable for school purposes. The “little red schoolhouse™ in which millions of American children have been educated is a firetrap. While many of these country school build- ings are of but one story, many others have two floors, and the danger is greatly increased thereby. These buildings are almost always heated by stoves and lighted in most cases by oil lamps. They are the community meet- ing places and are often used at inight. An appalling risk has been run, and that more disasters like this in South €arolina have not occurred is a merciful escape. In some of the states of late years progress has been made in the replace- ment of these death traps with stone, brick and tile buildings of a fire-resist- ing if not a fireproof type. Recogni- tion has also been given to the fact that in the rural areas there is no rea- son to skimp in ground space, and the average country schoul structure is of a low-spreading design rather than high and concentrated. Still there re- main hundreds, possibly thousands, of these buildings of the kind that burned last night in South Carolina where lives are risked whenever there is an assemblage for school or entertainment purposes. Nor are the cities free from this danger. There are schools in daily useé today—some of them here in this city of Washington—where fhe fire risk is high. These are old buildings, eérected before the principles of safe construc- tion were developed. Indeed, when those schools were built fire was re- garded as an inescapable happening, as something inevitable. The subject of life consérvation had not been studled and worked out to the point of preventive measures. It is to the {shame of American communities that these danger points are permitted to continue through e false notion of economy and in neglect of duty. ——— Complete cessation of all but essen- i tial building operations in Washing- ton may bécome necessary within the next six months or year unless m terial prices drop and costly labor dif- ! ficulties are ended, according to lead- ling real estate men. Another way of saying this is: If there is a céssation of all but essential building operations material prices will drop and costly labor difficulties will end. —————————— The refusal of the son of President} | Scott of Northwestern University to testify in the Mount death mystery because of his fraternity oath is remi- niscent of the foot ball player who. changes as rapldly as that of any:when discovered wearing his best major base ball pitcher in the early season. His control varies & good deal, but his speed seems beyond dispute. ————— girl's bracelet, with the result that it cut his opponent's flesh, explained to the irate umpire that he could not possibly remove it because it was Public land in Utah Is to be leased | ““Wished on.” at auction. It is a fairly safe bet that neither the Utes nor the Piutes will take up much of it. —————— Architeots. The American Institute of Archl- tects is meeting in Washington, whigh is the national headquarters and the home of that organization. Naturally the architects are interested in archi- tecture, and there is a good deal of it in Washington. It is said that some of our architéctufe is architecture and that some of it is not. It has been said many times that the Post Office Department building and the pension office are not es magnificent spect- mens of architecture as were some temples in clagsic Greece, but they have their uses. They have been here so long now that native Washing- tonians are accustomed to them and look at them without shock. And with the present great shortage in govern- ment buildings at Washington the loss of even the Post Office Depart- ment building and the pension office would be sorely felt. Architects differ on architecture Just as artists do on art, and it may be that there are some who hold that the Post Office: Department building snd the pension office are all right. That artists differ is gvell known. There are artists who declare that the Andrew Jackson statue is not art, there are artists who have said that the Peace - monument is splendid sculpture, and there were artists who eaid that the Lincoln statue should not stand_in front of the old city hall. Then there was the low-nécked and bare-backed statue of George Wash. ington which was banished from the east-plaza of the Capitol. The architects are interested in Washington architecture, ang = es- ———— Cigar manufacturers declare that the nickel cigar will come back. It does not have to;. it has been here right along. But it costs 15 .cents with band and 10 cents without. Teapot Dome is boiling over to the tune of 4,000 barrels a day. 5 ———————— Pageants. Washington is strong on pageantry. It has always had more of this than any other American city in the form of military and civic processions, but the new phase of pageantry is coming into great vogue, or it may be better pageantry is once more coming into vogue. Land and water pageants il. lustrating history will be features of the Shrine celebration. Recently there ‘was the all-high school Shakespeare pageant, and with little effort one could recall a number of other spec- tacles which have given -pleasure to ‘Washington within the past year or two. : We are on the eve of another pageant, and it is said that this will include “‘an imposing procession com- posed of architects, painters, sculptors, landscape architects, engineers, eivil, electrical, mechanical and .consulting; ‘building trades and crafts, architec- tural schools and ¢lubs, manufacturers of building materials, the building con. tractors, structural steel erectors and representatives, of the American Fed- eration of Arts, the National Acad- emy of Design, the Amerioan Insti- tute of Arts and Letters and the Architectural League,.of New York." All this will take ce - tonight near the Lincoln MemoFial.- The cen. tral feature.of this celebration will-be . and regrouping of the executive de- | to say that a very ancient phase qf! the presentation of a gold medal to Henry Bacon, architect of the Lincoln Memorial. The medal was awarded by the American Institute of Architects, and will be handed to Mr. Bacon by the President of ‘the United States. 1 The scene is to be lighted by torches, {and the hero of the .event will ride the length of the memorial lagoon in a barge decorated after the fashion of royal or state barges of the olden {time. Tt fs going to be an interesting ceremony, and it will be largely attend- ed, even though it becomes harder and harder for Washingtonians to keep up with all the interesting things that happen at the Capital. » The Next Senate. “Republican leaders in the Senate and in national committee and admin- Istration circles are described as being worried over the slender majority which will confront the regular re- publicans in the next Senate. The prospective situation has been compli- cated by the changes caused by death ! | of Senator Nelson of Minnesota and { Senator Nicholson of Colorado, both of whom were “regulars of the regu- lars.” From Colorado will come a} democrat by appointment, and from Minnesota the special election called for Juy 16 next will determine whether there will come a man of the Nelson type, a radical republican or @ demo-} crat. It a democrat should be elected the republican majority in the next Sen- ate would be reduced from ten, as it was before death called the two sena- tors, to six. but at that it would not be a majority to be always counted upon by the regulars or to support all the administration policies of legis- lation. The regulars face the prospect in the next Senate of having the balance of power in that body rest with an ele- ment which would vary from “ad- vanced progressivism” to a near ap- proach to radicalism. This power would be first exerted to influence the composition of the important commit- tees, controlling transportation, the tariff and the judiciary. It is held to be certain that the progressive-radical forces will demand larger representa tion 80 as to make their power felt in legislation, The Minnesota special election will provide a stirring interlude in what promised to be & dull political season. The primaries for selection of candi- dates will be held June 18, to be fol- lowed by the election July 16. There will be varying political elements in the contest. The same forces which elected Senater Shipstead, farm-labor, to the next Senate are expected to try to give him a colleague of like type. The democrats hope to benefit by the republican dissension and clect their man in July, and will put a strong candidate in the primaries. while the regular republicans will not yield with out a struggle in the primaries. —————— A shreud style show, as a prelim- inary to the state convention of In- diana funeral directors, was held re cently in Evansville and twenty-five pretty young ‘women appeared as models to display the various designs. Was it not Tennyson who uttered the dead. steered by the | | | | Miss Anna Jarvis, founder of Mothers' day, tells a candy manufac- turers’ convention in Philadelphia that Mothers' day was not intended to be a source of commercial profit. Neither, it is believed, was Christmas day. A six-ounce Springfield chipmunk wallops a blacksnake four feet long in a fair fight. He must have been drinking some of that Massachusetts mongoose moonshine. A local congregation took exception, it is stated, to its pastor, now ousted reading Wells' Outline of History Just what century is this, anyhow? The Leviathan may be refused dock- ing facilities at New York. Why does she not carry her own dock and sling it overside like a boom? Erwin Nyiregyhazi, prominent pian. ist, has sailed to revisit his old home in Hungary. No, this typewriter is all right: that is his name. The little Island of Nevis gave this country a treasure as well as a treas- urer in Alexander Hamilton. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Cupid Demoralized. Cupid onte was but a child ‘With an arrow and a bow. Now he’s running very wild, As the daily papers show. Gets a seven-shooter and * Startles us with the report; Does his very best to land ¥Folks of prominence in court. | I | { Cupid was the poet’s friend, But 80 oft he breaks the peace That his fame must now depend On the books of the police. Once he sang a gentle song, Now he wears a jealous frown, And with warwhoops loud and long, Goes a-shootirig up the town. A Slight Variation. On sultry days our talk we'll choose, In much the way we did of old; ‘The same fierce epithets we'll use, But we'll say “hot” instead of *“‘cold.” i ! Companionship. De flowers, dey’s a heap like folks. De rose is dighified. An’ dandelions, wif deir jokes, Makes laughter far an’ wide. De mo'nin’ glory is de friend Dat seem so good an’ strong, But kind o' weakens in de end; He don’ las’ very long. De four o'clock blooms on de hour *Cause he's de punctual boy. T's envyin' dat big sunflower His easy-goin® joy. De clover gathérs treasure sweet Foh busy bees to hive; De violet smiles beneath yoh feet, Jes' glad to be alive. Dar's lots of others dat I know, In fact, dar ain’ no end. I can't'step pas’ de cabin do’ | 'Thout meetin’ of & friend, ' __ - | { compell "FRIDAY, THE WAYS OF WASHINGTON BY. WILLIAM PICKETT HELM. Have you $41.617 It not, you haven't got your share. That figure Tepresents the per capita circulation of money in the United Stat Now that you have counted it, how many kinds of bllls have you In your pocketbook? DId you know that thers are seven kinds of good paper money in circulation in’the United States? "Here they are: United States notes, gold certificates, silver certificates, national bank notes, Treasury notes of 1890, federal reserve notes, and federal reserve bank notes. Are you familiar with all of them? Maybe you would récognize an old friend in the United States notes. ‘They are really those old greenbacks that caused such a stir in politics some thirty-odd years.ago. In our present enlightened age of politics, greenbacks and other forms of cur- rency do not figure, of course. You may know a greenback when vou mes one by the fact that it is merely a promise to pay the bearer the amount named on its face. That's where the rub came back fn civil war times, when the notes were first is- sued to meet the huge expen of the Army. Not being secured by gold, the greenbacks fluctuated in value. Gold was at a premium and prices soared. However, in 1900 & gold reserve of $150,000,000 placed in the Treasury for the re- demption of greenbacks. The occasion having = paper money at all is that it is easier to carry around than a truckload of gold or silver. Marco Polo, the fa- mous traveler, realized this, though he was not familiar with the later |b; models of trucks. Marco was the first to introduce the use Of Paper|money, money in Europe. He got the bright idea from the Mongols in China. Our gold and silver certificates were tssued merely as a substitute for metal which is stored in the Treasury. That fascinating yellow ten-spot with a portrait of Mr. Monroe on it tells you, assuming you own ore, that there is in the Treasury the sum of $10 in gold which you may have for the asking. Silver certificates are numerous in the smaller denominations. Big sil- ver dollars may be obtained for them at the Treasury, but most folks don't want to carry around cartwheels—at least not east of Tombstone, Ariz. Maybe you have an example of the next kind of paper money, the national bank note. One can learn a4 good lesson in geography m *hese. You read on one bill, ““Ihe National Bank of Podunk” and on another “The National Bank of Red Gulsh.” Thus you become familiar with names of some of the leading cities of your country. National bank notes are the obli- gation of a national k to pay mondy to the bearer. First, how- ever, this bank must have deposited in the Treasury bonds to cover .the amount of the notes issued to It. The government prints the-notes and #enda them to the bank for signature by the proper bank official: They are fecured, doliar for dollar, by the Treasury as trustee. If you have some. of these notes, don't worky about them. Thén there are the Treasury notes of 1890. There are only a few of these outstanding. Your individual share of them, us one individual of the country's population, is about 1 cent. As & matter of history these notes. were Issued us certificates for & small lot of sflver bullion which Unole Sam purchased in 1880; repre- enting about $155,000,000. They are being' withdrawn from circulation as fast as they reach the Treasury. Thé federal reserve note is the baby of the currency. He is some DALY, though, for since his birth in 1913, under the famous federal re- serve act, he has grown in numbers to about half of the money in cir- culation, These notes are lssued to the fed- eral reserve banks on the presenta- tion of proper security. Look at a note. On the left side of ita face you will ses a circular mark. This contains the name and district number of the reserve bank through which it is issued. These notes are redeemable in gold The last of the seven kinds of money that you all unknowingly carry around with you is the federal reserve bank notes.” These are issued he federal reserve banks. The oddest thing about paper even the odd bills, is that It is not money at all. Tt is merely an order for money. Really it is a check, it does not have to be Indorsed by cvery person th whose hands it passes. it The United States Treasury is the bank on which ail of these checks are drawn. payable to bearer. The signa- ture to the gold and silver certffi- cates is the United States of America, and it has the money in bank with which to meet them. The national bank note is the personal check of, #ay. the Corn and Cotton National Bank of Rosedale, Miss., signed by that bank but indorsed by the United States of America. The federal re- serve bank note is the same sort of check. The old United States notes, greenbacks, are not checks in same sense. To start with, they wei notes of hand, mere promices to pay Later on, the maker of the note, the United States of America, deposited collatéral security. in the form gold. to make good the payment of the note or It you don't understand everything about all these notes” let ‘e’ other ellow worry. He will have them di. ractly. anyhow i Tobacco Fields in Ireland to Break Restraints Imposed by BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. That Ircland should at length have decided upon the cultivation on an extended scAle of tobacco, for which her climatic conditions and her soil are said to be particularly favorable, as well as the announcement that three of the greatest tobacco con- i cerns of Great Britain have concluded arrangements with the government of the Free State for the establishment of a series of tobacco factories with in its borders, serves to recall the fact that until now the preduction of tobacco has been virtually forbidden n the British isles, including Erin. riginally the prohibition under sl nenn’lties of the cultivation of the tobacco plant in England, and es- pecially in Ireland, was due to I lation and royal decreeés bearin; sign manual of King CI ., the object of fostering the produc- tion of tobacco in Virginia and thus developing the wealth and the pros- erity of that maiden colony of Great ritain. Indeed, in ordér to promote the industrial welfare of Virginia and of her settlers, among Whom the younger sons of the most patrician of England and Scotland. were largely represented. the Emerald Isle was ed to desist. from developing and exploiting the cultivation of the herba nicotina, which might, had it not been for this obstacle, have be-|. staple product of wealth. x % % % Considerably over a century has elapsed since Virginla ceased to be a British colony and became part and parcel of that great federation known as the United States. But although England had ceased to have any immediate interest in the prosperity of the American colonies which had emanicipated themselves from her rule, the prohibition against the cultivation of tobacco in England and Ireland continued to subsist and all attempts to repeal the laws bearing upon the subject, dating from the reign of the Stuart kings, were defeated by the stubborn opposition of the fiscal branches of { the government, which, deriving a i very .large portion of 'its retenues importation of from the enormous amountin, tobacco—a revenue to nearly halt _a billion 0! dollars—reallzed that the cultie vatfon of the weed on . a large scale in the Brit isles would cause.a heavy decline in the customs dues from the foreign product, ne. cessitating the organization of an en- tirely new systém of excise an the domestic-article, and generally throw the entire budget of receipts into confusion. Now, however; ‘the Free State of Treland s emancipated from fiscal prohibitions and control on the part of the treasury department at White- | hall. The Free State fovurnment at Dublin can organize its system of revenué and expenditures to suit it- self. The English government pro- hibition of home-grown tobacco has cexsed to exist, at any rite as far as Erin is concerned, and within & few years we may, expact aco rding. to the present outlook, pipe to- bacco, ¢igars and cigarettes redolent with the atmosphere and savor of the Emerald fsle in .universal demand, not only in the land sacred to St Patrick, but also among all people in the new world who have a drop of ooad old h’fl'hh““ba t‘l“ lzhu‘l; \:llfl X the obatacle - o in Engiand and In Waies atiii * 1l suggestions this part{oular branch of in- dustry from its present restraint are frowned upon by the treasury -at Whitehall. Lord Bélper of the 2d Life Guards, veteran of the great war, was being divorced by his wife, a daughter of Lord Aberdare, the custody of thé three children of the union heing awarded to her; and now he is con- tracting -another. marriage with the very pretty Angela Tollemache, younger daughter of the Honorable Douglas Tollemache and nd- daughter of the first Lord Tolle- mache.. 1t Lord Beiper, who I8 twice the age of his bride, ocoupies a seat in the house of lords, it is because his eldér brother, the Honorable Will Strutt; died fn 1888 in a hotel ‘t Louis, Mo.,- under very- mysterious Stuart Kings Loid Belper in very rich. The fo dations of his family fortune were laid by Jedediah Strutt, Younger son of a farmer, established In the little village of Alfreton in Derbyshire. Apprenticed for seven years to the local Dbiacksmith and ‘wheelwright, young Jedediah evinced a taste for mechanical invention. Marrying the daughter of a Derby hosier, he began to effect improvements in stocking making and eventually invented a machine for making ribbed stockings, To him came one day the Bolton bar- | ber, Arkwright, bringing with him the spinning Jenny or frame which he had invented. He was in despair owing to the manner in which the thread twisted, asking Jedediah Strutt if he would advise him how to remedy the defect. Strutt replied that he would undertake to furnish the remedy, but only on condition of re- cefving Balf of the profits of the in- vention. = "After a long _discussion Arkwright consented to this and an agreement was drawn up. As s00n as ever it had been signed, and Strutt had put it into the lef side pocket of his coat. he took his t hand out of his other pocket, rubbed it over the cylinder of the machine and coolly said: “That is all it wants.” Strutt had simply chalked the palm of his hand with a piece of chalk which he happened to have in his pocket and had thus created a rough surface on the cylinder where Arkwright had a too smooth surface. i Hig share in the enormous profits of Arkwright's invention proved the commencement of a fortune for Jede- alah Strutt. which landed his grand- son in the upper house of parliament at Westminster as Lord Belper. The lords of Belper take their title, not from any ancient fam ly estate, but from the town in which the great cotton and calico mills. known as the Derwent mills and belonging to the family, are situated. The late Lord Belper turned the mills into a lim- ited lability company or corporation, in which the stock is almost entirely held by members of the house of Strutt. As for the future Lady Belper. the fair Angeln Tollemache, her family is among the most ancient in England. having been settled there since the days of the Saxon heptarch The name of Tollemache is supposed to signify “beli-ringer.” In the church at Helmingham in Suffolkshire, ad- joining Lord Tollemache's principal country seat, Helmingham Hall, near Stowmarkat, there repose the mortal remains of ‘all the Tollemaches who have owned the manor since the days of Willfam: the Conquerdr in 1066. A feature of the church is the flint-, faced tower, erected by the Tollema- ches in 1489 of Helmingham Manor, or hall, is in- scribed the following distich: When William the Conqueror reign- ed with great fame Thix manor was my seat and Tollema- che was my name. * * * X The Tollemaches figured conspicu- ously in the reign of King Stephen. They owe their earldom of Dysart to the marriage of Lionel Tollemache to the daughter and heiress of Will Murray, first Earl of Dysart and whipping boy of Charles I. Young Murray was a nephew of the provost of Lton College and tutor of King Charles I and was selected by -his uncle to act as the playmate for Charles, as.an associate in his studies, but, above all, in order to receive chstigations for the shortcomings of the prince. In those days, when roy- alty was regarded as sacred, it was high treason in the éyes of ‘the law for any subject to ralse his hand against a meémber of the rels-nlng house. But inasmuch as the children of the sovereign stood quite as much in need of correction and discipline as the offspring of ordinary citizens, they were provided with whipping boys, who were flogged in their stead: for their nisdeeds. Charles became very -much attached, to his whipping boy, and when he grew up and ascended the throne he loaded him with favors, conferring upon him the earldom of Dysart and so the barony of Hunting Tower, now held by the head of a different branch of - the Tollemache family. The first Countess of Dysart remai on record as the only lady who suc: ceeded in tempting the great lord Protector from the strict path of his matrimonial duty. For she made no secret of the fact that after the bat. er_shs _had_obta) her . hueband_ by her: liver Cromwell~ L rol it compl nce to the | of | Over the main entrance’} . MAY 18,1953, Favors Soldiers’ Homes. Private Dalzell Would Use Pres- ent Buildings for Vets. To the Editor of The Star: Ever. since the close of the world war devolved the duty of caring for those who bore the heat and burden of battle we have been surfeited, ad nauseam, with all sorts of statements as to how this duty has been met. A sreat bureau was created at immense cost to meet the urgent demands of somewhere near 100,000 disabled vet- crans. More than a billion of dollars have.been- expended in carrying out ways and meuns to meet the éxigency. We are told the hospitalization and rehabilitation of these disabled vet- erans will cost the nation two or three billions more, and the end even jthen for us is an unknown future. Great tracts of land have been pur- chased and costly hospitals erected to meet the emergency. How far has all this reached toward an economical and adequate fulfillment? If we ac- credit ‘the criticism of the public and the reports of the complaining vet- erans we must conclude that vast sums of money have been wasted and nothing done” as thc situation de- mands. - 1 do not go =0 far as many'do who know more about this than you and I do and say it's a flat failure so far. I believe much good has been done, even if far leas than {s needed. I have no_criticism of the Veterans’ Bureau. Merely taking what T hear and read, I am inclined to believe there should be a marked change in_ the program _hitherto followed if it is a failure or even unsatisfactory to the veterans for whose relief all ~this costly machinery has been installed and operated for the last three years at_appalling expense. But why complain or find fault if gne can ofter no remedy for existing evils? It should appear an easy task to reverse the- entire modus operandi of building and equipping new hos- CAPITAL' KEYNOTE BY PAUL V. Life has its compensations. Less oats, more wheat. From this time for- ward the oats acreage Is to decrease because the demand h: passed its S COLLINS ‘ each year what is left is the more and more inaccessible. * kK Kk is fortunately as hard to It kill peak. The introduction.of motor cars, |& baby in Washington as a cat of nine tractors and other gasoline engines takes the place of horses and mules— and they don't cat oats. Perhaps after all our forests arel “consumed,” in fifteen or twenty years from now, and the sound of the saw- mil] is no more heard in the land, and there 1s no more sawdust for break- tass food, we shall again call for roll- ed uuts, but in the meanwhile nobody will “feel his oats,” and the reckless young’ man no longer sows his wild oats, but his wilder gasoline. Only the man or woman who has assoclated with the falthful and in- telligent horse in younger days can realize what its passing means. Who is ever Inclined to pat an automobile on its radiator and smooth its mane? ok kK 1t is wonderfully Interesting to note what agricultural highbrows have learned about even the humble and thoughtful mule. The writer had oc- casion to visit the Department of Agriculture a day or two ago, and there he discovered the fruit of re- cent research: 0n & mule we find two legs behind, And two we find before : We stand behind, before we find, What the two bebind be for. * k% % pitals and furnishing with proper medical and other operatives and managers, always provided that any new plan’ should be demonstrated to cost the nation nothing at all. In plainer English, if it can be shown that all this is already provided, has been for fifty years, and proved ade- quate to meet larger demands than are now on us. The intelligent reader needs not to learn, but merely to be reminded of what has been universally known by all for fifty years, that there now belong to the United States eleven soldiers’ homes, abundantly sufficient to supply all that is needed by the veterans, They have abundantly and most nobly met every reasonable de- mand of the two million and more soldiers of other wars—and can bet- ter do the beneficent work now need- ed than a hundred new hospitals in inexperienced hands, for in each of all these ten old homes, In ten states, are well drilled and disciplined corps of physicians, surgeons and nurses of great skill and long experience, am- ply able soldiers of the world war that they have done for the veterans of former v should the United States. for instance. at appalling cost, purchase new sites and erect new buildings, when the government already owni and has paid for more than B.000 acres of land to locate the homes upon, and has upon every one of them' erected and paid for ‘the finest and largest hospitals in America? It would be easy, if desired to add to the buildings,” many others if needed, without paying one cent for the land on which to establish them, for there are upon the vast tracts of land owned by the homes not less han two thousand. clty square lots. olutely vacant! These homes are all in lively and salubrious locations, dorned with trees and shrubbery, Jakes and fountains, and finest ma- adamized roads in the country, ally adapted to the treatment and storation of all our soidiers of all r our wars % Why pass them by and waste bil- llons on a new and doubtful experi- ment like that.now in vogue, Which has so signally fafled to accomplish any wise or patfiotic purpose; in the degree that the conditions call for? A word to the'wise Is sufficient. This would solve the vexed probléems an cost exactly not ofie ¢ent The homes are ready—move in PRIVATE DALZELL. | i3 Urges Need of Housing Curios and Antiques | To the Editor of The Star: 1 ! The enthusiastic reception Wwith which the idéa of a museum for the ass2mbling of curios and antiques in the possession of the Association of Oldest Inhabitants has met with objects of the movement. Of the three popular organizations in Washington—the Oldest Inhabi- tants, the Columbia Historical Socisty and the Society of Natlves—neither has a permanent home, but all are vigorous and prosperous, having an average membership of 500 each. Tn the last-named organization aros> the question of a common home for ail, as they are formed for similar ob- jects, but the work of each is dis- tinct. Provisions were accordingly made in the Society of Natives and a com- [ mittee of five was appointed by the i president to urge the Historical So- ciety and the Assoclation of {Inhabitants to appoint similar com- mittees, which has been done. Tt 1s singular that Washington, hav- ing so unique a beginning and such an eventful -existence, should have been all these years without means | for collecting oOr a repository for the | vast amount of historical records and curios that have necessarily resulted | from its close alliancs with the na- tional government. All of the iarge citles of the coun- ltry have societies and buildings for {the .accumulation and display of data fand antiques connected with the re- i spective citiss, many of the buildings | having been erected when they were much smaller communities” than Washington now is. Boston had a {before 1800, ganized City Historical Soclety was formed in ‘1804 and has so far had three homes, and the last is a very costly one. Philadelphia and _Baltimore have had interesting exhibits for some years past. It ,is proposed that the committee of fifteen as above provided for will meet in the near future and formus late plans for the benefit of ¢ach and all the organizations. They will de- cide If it is feasible to proceed to raise funds for the leasing and re- construction of a building with a meeting hall to accommodate 500 per- sons and have a business office for ieach organization, sufficient room for {a library and record hall for the dis- Albany’s soclety was or- the District of Columbia. As The Star says, the Oldest In- habitants have a mine of Interesting relics and documents, and the His- torical Society has also an accumula- tion of books, documents and . pics tures, while the Socisty of Natives contemplates the photographing of the remaining historic buildings and the collecting of pictures of build- ings that have been destroyed. ~A stumbling block in the of ‘this latter schame, however, een that the Natives have .no place to store the plctures when they are secured, and this delays the execution of the project. I am assured from several sources that valuable material, such as parts of celebrated bulldings that have been saved by interested parties, will be donat=d for éxhidbition in a perma- nent building for that purpose or to be incorporated as a part thereof. After an absence of some twenty years from'“Washington, on my re: turn-I-find a curious condition of af- i faips tresulting from the recent rapid growth of:th® city, and that is the clannish disposition of the citizens and old residents and, above all, the disposition to form and popularize assoclations for Washingtonians onl{. It would seem, therefore, that while we have these sevaral vigorous or- ganizations to boost the plan for such & hall and museum the time is ripe to push it to completion. There are many smsller local assoclations engaged in collecting us:ful data re- lating to the District and its people !HI b gug&u.);.mmu, to_ so- JAMES' F, DUMAMEY, {there were more than 23,000. to do all for the disabled | prompts me to detail the origin and| Oldest | i lace | historical society and meeting pl TRt sl i s e meballion/ehe in 1791 and the New York | play of relics and curios relating to | Perhaps the passing of the quad- ruped “meotor” is more apparent than real. Like the Eindtein theory, it may be all a matter of relativity, and we may be retaining more horse and mules than we think, while only adding to our own mobility, the wheels that never tire—or that roll on their tires. The Department of Agriculture tells us that at the end of 1922, we bad 203,000 fewer horses and 19,000 more mules than at the beginning of | the year. * % % At_all events, we are becoming more particular to raise only the better grades of draft horses. Sev- eral legislatures have outlawed all but pure-bred stallions, and there are now fewer than 20,000 pure-bred stal-: llons in all America; while in 1921; Only’ “eight-cylinder limousine” stallions are {acceptable toda; & s When Lo owned America this was a happy hunting ground, with half the land covered with forest. There were $22,000,000 acres in forest. Now there are only 138,000,000 acres in virgin timber, 250,000.000 acres in “second growth, or culled,” and the rest of the previous forest land, stands as barren desert—151,000,000 acres. The original supply of timber measured 5,200 billton board feet: to- day chere are left 1.600 billion board feet, and all that is left is in parts | thousands of miles beyond the center {of population. -Half of it is in the three Pacific coast states. We are paying annually $250,000,000 in lum- ber freights, because of the distance | of supply from demand. In the language of the Department of Agriculture, we have been mining| our forests instead of cropping them. | as we crop a wheat fleld. Out of the 138,000,000 acres of vir- gin forest <left we are cutting 5.000,000 ‘acres a vear, besides 5,000.- 000 acres of the second growth. And af Pity, Rather Than Censure, Is Ex- pressed for China. The latest outrage by Chinese ban- dits has had the effect of directing attention anew to the lack of re- sponsible government in China. Edi- tors generally seem convinced inter- national actlon eventually may have to come. but just how it can be in- itiated while at the same time Chi- nese sovereign rights are maintain- ed admittedly is puzzling. Financial aid might help, some edi- tors contend. In this connection the Seattle Times points out “without money, Peting officials are unable to exercise any power. Their troops, with pay in arrears, cannot be tri ed to resist elther the Arms or the influence of rebel There ply is no “unity” in China, as the St. Paul Dispatch views the situation, “and it is always possible for a pro- vincial governor, a militarist or a bandit chief to create a foreign cri- sla The benefits which China won at the Washington conference will go for nothing if ehe does not =oon solve her own problem of unification.” This argument is fndorsed by the Dayton News, which recalls “China has been making appeals to the rest of the world for co-operation and support when, as a matter of fact, the chief element which should en- ter into a firm and determined ad- ministration of public affairs is a centralized and respected govern- ment in that nation. The average citizen of China simply wants to be left alone and not bothered by gov- ernment The sltuation cannot be met this time, as was the Boxer rebellion. the “then there was a deflnite point to be relleved. The great dragon wo know as China now is crawling to Lis destiny, reconciled to it, what- er it may be. Such a trivial affair a8 an international indignity disturbs not its lethargy of the centuries.” Admitting that the “Chinese govern- ment s one of the weakest and flab- biest governments on earth,” which it feels “perhaps i» one reason why #0me American newspapers are de- manding that Uncle Sam shall exact prompt vengeance for those train robberies and abductions” the Syra~ cuge Herald holds “this i{s enough to make one smile, considering what has bappened to Americans and other forcigners in Russia during the past four years, In Russia the bolshevist government has been privy to a pol- iey of terrorism and slaughter which has claimed foreign victims by the legions: and in this case we hear no suggéstion that the government of ‘Washington should intervene. Per- haps the explanation is found in the fact that the red army numbers about one and & half milllon men, Whereas [ potent as before. | Americ: j cident. lives. Washingtonians have thrown their babies off of third-story porches and seen them land right side up in nice soft mud puddles and crow with glee over the fun of it. A day or two ago'.the. plaster from a ceil- ing fell right where the baby's crib nilght have been . standing, but it just missed it by an Inch or so. Some folks think babies should not he treated rough like that, but should be marked “Fragile; handle with care; this side up.” * K ¥ % Was it the pessimists or the op- timists who opposed any government building activities last year, because costs were too high? They wanted to wait until the pressure for privats building had subsided and then have the government erect public huildings in dull times to, equallze Aapor de- mands. Sinces then buflding cosis have increased nearly 20 per cent, but the government is “firiding that it temporary war bulldings, in which it is housing romé -of its many bureaus and even thé. Navy Department, are proving to be expensive “ecomomie They are buflt without foundatio and every two:or three yours the sag 8o much that costly upkeep necessary. The government is spend ing millions of dollars on rentals in Washington and elscwhere. President Harding bas let it be known that he dées not approve of that Kind of business management and at the next gession of Cougres ho will recommend a systematic p gram of erection of permanent puh Iic buildings. The government has outgrown present accommodations and cannot afford to wait for a period of general depression before under taking to meet the situation. Inv ‘uable- public records are jeopardized by the lack of a fircproof archives bullding. ] have-been ‘aved if the building op- erations bad begun a Year or two ago, but costs are still increasing. g * % ¥ % A case on record wherein the little fellow wins out is that of the iaw passed at the last session of Con- gress ordering all Washington alteys to be cleared of residents. It was proclaimed as a frightfully drastic persecution, which would make homeless between 10,000 and 15,000 alley dwellers, mostly negroes. There{ Wwas no progpect that the evicted oncs could find other homes at reasonable cost. The evictlons would come. too, just when Washington would bs overcrowded with some 500.000 Shriners. w, by stric “construing the law” and surveying the allevs. the 15,000 supposed victims are reduced to 92 only. All the rest will be “as you were.” The whole agitation for the clear- ing out of alley residents dates back to a movement started and pushed by the first wife of President Wilson. at the beginning of his first term. but evidently there have been modific: tions in the original project. Wh the ideal aimed at was to better 1 ing conditions of the poor. the sup- posed working of the legislation. as finally passed, would probably havs caused great distrese, but for t| wily “construction” put upon it the corporation attorneys Now somebody attack the constr it will be a matter of long 1 during which the present may age, prosper and retire to more aristocratic domiciles. So, there is more room for our June guests than had been feared—not in allevs, but in the “better homes" uninvaded (Copyright. 1923, by P. V. Colline.! let EDITORIAL DIGEST the army of the Chinese republie could probably be routed by Com- missioner Enright's metropolitan po- } lice.” It s the opinion of the Reading Tribune that “famine is at the bottom of the banditry.” and it suggests “an organized distribution of food such as Americans carried on in Russia would tend to remove the cause of banditr: That is likewise verv much the opinion, in part, of the Lynchburg ~ Advance. which savs “China deserves pity rather than censure.”” It must, however. be re- membered. the Albany Knickerbocker Press points out, “the root of th~ lies in the organization of the country. As long as twenty or mor governments are fighting each ot chaos will continue. No amount of intervention from the outside will put an end to this situation.” Because this particular er fects international relations. the opinion of the Boston TPost, cannot be allowed to go by def The outbreak of disorder has heartened all true friends of China the Philadelphia Bulletin feels, be- “the restored govern- ament have proved im There was evil i the old division of the country int forelgn spheres of i nee, but what shall it really profit China and civilization if relaxation of foreign § control is to be but the prelude of wider extensions of anarchy.” Go- (ng still a step further on this line the Buffalo Nows insists, “if Chir cannot keep her house in order, then it becomes necessary for the foreig powers whose people were held fos ransom to undertake the taslk. Opposing_thi he Roa World-News holds, ch as and other cou ma feel like laying a heavy upon the Chinese. it would be extremel: unwise to do so. China is s no criminal, and must he dealt with i much the same spirit of toleranc that has characterized America dealings with Mexico if the nations concerned do not wish to make bad matter worse.” Inasmuch, how ever, as China, from the purely economic standpoint, “is prospering as never before,” the St. Louis Globe- Démocrat suggests the bandit in- “may furnish an cxc for intervention or for proposals of hielp toward the establishment of govern- mental authority that will b, ceptable to the Chinesc and to great advantage.” But in any action undertaken the United States must remember “China still counts Amer- ica her friend,” insists the Milwau- kee Journal, “and we want to be friends,” while the Knoxville Senti- nel holds “the Chinese people should not be subjected to war as a penalty. They are doubtless as helpless vic tims of the conditions which malc such outrages possible in their coun- try as the foreigners.” contention, IN--A FEW WORDS. 1 have always held that bolshevism was going to be evanescent. No country can keep that temperature t rishing. without perishing: ) | ovD GEORGE. The great fallacy of the “‘melting ' has been that we thought that environment played so much larger a part in life than heredity. —gRESIDENT GEORGE B, CUTTEN (Colgate). o An’ Englishman is .a person who 100ks and acts as if he owned the world whether he does or not, while an American is a person who doesn’t give a damn who owns the world, but 10oks as if he is going to own it WRY. PAITAT, —AMBASSADOR HARVEY. Taxes seem to have ceased to be the mere means by which the gov- ernment is enabled to perform its orderly and legislative functions and to have become the chief end of all tyity. - L - Sovernment SSHN k. EDGERTON. The Tweed ring at its worst was 2 sort of primary department compared to the fnner workings of Chinese & ernment circles. —DR. THOMAS H, COOLL. Any one who smokes before 11 a.m is not capable of more than a quarter of a day’'s werk. —LORD ’!yAEVERHL " The Chinese bandit is about the most good-natured brigand in the. world, He robs to save himself from starvation and turns respectable as soon as he can afford it. —MAJ. PETER RODYENKO. ‘The role of the league of nations. is like that of John the Baptist, to g0 into the wildérness of our nationa hates and prepare the way. E —P. M. OLIV Ve I don't object to sclentific truth, fof no truth disturbs religion. What I object to is for any scientist to put forth bis awn guess and demand.that we. subati it for-the Wg Gade —-WI JENNINGS BRYANy - * Millions of dollars might ¢ he Hiw " [ ‘